Parallels H-Sphere - 3.4 Administrator’s Guide

Parallels® H-Sphere

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All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Contents

Preface 12

Typographical Conventions ......................................................................................................... 12

Feedback ..................................................................................................................................... 13

About This Guide 14

Pre-configuration Wizard 15

Parallels H-Sphere config.xml ..................................................................................................... 18

Elements and Attributes .................................................................................................... 18

Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 20

Integrated Third Party Products ................................................................................................... 21

Supplementary Software ............................................................................................................. 23

Used Libraries and Technologies ................................................................................................ 24

Update of Operating Systems 25

Updating FreeBSD Kernel ........................................................................................................... 26

Updating Linux ............................................................................................................................. 26

Linux Up2Date ................................................................................................................... 28

Linux Apt-Get..................................................................................................................... 28

Network Address Translation (NAT) 29

Configuring Newly Installed H-Sphere with NAT Support ........................................................... 30

Enabling NAT Support on a Live System .................................................................................... 31

Configuring NAT Firewall ............................................................................................................. 32

Migrating IPs with NAT ................................................................................................................ 32

Server Time Synchronization 33

NTP Time Servers ....................................................................................................................... 33

Cron Scripts 34

Control Panel Server Crons ......................................................................................................... 34

Web Server Crons ....................................................................................................................... 35

DNS Server Cron ......................................................................................................................... 35

Mail Server Crons ........................................................................................................................ 36

PostgreSQL/MySQL Server ........................................................................................................ 36

Traffic Calculation 37

Checking Traffic via Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel ............................................................... 38

Checking Traffic on Physical Servers .......................................................................................... 38

Preface 4

Processing Traffic by Crons ........................................................................................................ 39

HTTP traffic ....................................................................................................................... 39

User FTP traffic ................................................................................................................. 39

Virtual FTP traffic ............................................................................................................... 39

Mail traffic .......................................................................................................................... 39

Parsing Traffic by TrafficLoader .................................................................................................. 40

IP Migration (Changing IPs) 41

Changing IPs on Systems Without NAT ...................................................................................... 41

IP Migration Pre-requisites ................................................................................................ 42

IP Migration Map File ........................................................................................................ 43

Creating ipmigration.xml Manually .................................................................................... 44

Creating ipmigration.xml by Parallels H-Sphere IP Migrator ............................................. 45

IP Migration Step by Step .................................................................................................. 45

Changing External IPs on Systems with NAT ............................................................................. 55

Changing Internal IPs on Systems With NAT .............................................................................. 56

Configuring Parallels H-Sphere to Work on Two Sets of IPs ...................................................... 57

Restarting Services 58

Restarting Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel .............................................................................. 60

Restarting Parallels H-Sphere Database..................................................................................... 60

Restarting Web Server ................................................................................................................ 61

Restarting PostgreSQL Server .................................................................................................... 61

Restarting Mail Server ................................................................................................................. 63

Restarting MySQL Server ............................................................................................................ 63

Restarting Named ........................................................................................................................ 64

Control Panel Server 65

Understanding Control Panel Server Configuration .................................................................... 66

Installed Software .............................................................................................................. 66

Interaction Between Servers ............................................................................................. 67

Location of CP Files and Directories ................................................................................. 67

The Parallels H-Sphere Configuration File ........................................................................ 68

Control Panel Apache Server Configuration ..................................................................... 68

Control Panel Back-End Servlet Engine ........................................................................... 68

Reseller Configuration ....................................................................................................... 68

Reseller SSL Configuration ............................................................................................... 69

CP SSL Configuration ....................................................................................................... 69

CP Apache Log Files ......................................................................................................... 69

CP Traffic Calculation ........................................................................................................ 70

The Parallels H-Sphere System Database ....................................................................... 70

The System Database Settings ......................................................................................... 70

Logging into the System Database ................................................................................... 70

VACUUM Utility ................................................................................................................. 71

CP Mail Queue .................................................................................................................. 71

Logging in as the cpanel User ..................................................................................................... 72

Logging into Parallels H-Sphere System Database .................................................................... 72

Launching Control Panel Cron Jobs ............................................................................................ 72

CP Cron XML Configuration Files ..................................................................................... 73

Background Job Manager ................................................................................................. 73

Configuring Tomcat ..................................................................................................................... 73

Tomcat Configuration Files ............................................................................................... 74

Tomcat Log File ................................................................................................................. 74

Restarting Tomcat ............................................................................................................. 74

Customizing Tomcat Environment Variables .................................................................... 75

Preface 5

Running Java Command Line Tools ........................................................................................... 76

DNSCreator ....................................................................................................................... 77

IPMigratorFast ................................................................................................................... 78

PhysicalCreator ................................................................................................................. 79

PostApacheConfigs ........................................................................................................... 80

PostFTPConfigs ................................................................................................................ 81

ServerAliasesRenamer ..................................................................................................... 82

ChangeLServerId .............................................................................................................. 83

MIVAEmpresaFix............................................................................................................... 84

KeyPairGenerator .............................................................................................................. 84

PGPEncrypter.................................................................................................................... 84

PGPMessageSigner .......................................................................................................... 85

PGPMessageVerify ........................................................................................................... 85

RepostResellerSSLConfigs ............................................................................................... 86

ServiceZoneRenamer ....................................................................................................... 86

BillingEraser ...................................................................................................................... 87

SetQuota ........................................................................................................................... 87

UrchinReconfig .................................................................................................................. 88

OffLogs .............................................................................................................................. 89

Reset Balance ................................................................................................................... 90

RegenerateIpsFile ............................................................................................................. 91

LicenseExtractor ................................................................................................................ 92

VPSConvertor24_25 ......................................................................................................... 93

MailRelayCorrector ............................................................................................................ 94

Securing Your CP Server with SSL ............................................................................................. 95

Disabling HTTP Access ..................................................................................................... 97

Switching Between IP and Domain Name ........................................................................ 98

Upgrading Java ............................................................................................................................ 98

Supported Versions ........................................................................................................... 98

Upgrade Procedure ........................................................................................................... 99

Converting Parallels H-Sphere System Database from MS SQL to PgSQL ............................. 101

Step 1. Convert Database from MSSQL Server to MySQL ............................................ 102

Step 2. Convert Database from MySQL Server to PgSQL ............................................. 103

Upgrading System Postgres ...................................................................................................... 104

Converting Parallels H-Sphere Database To UNICODE........................................................... 106

Accelerating Control Panel ........................................................................................................ 109

Parallels H-Sphere Java-related Issues .......................................................................... 110

Optimizing Parallels H-Sphere System Database ........................................................... 111

Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 117

Changing CP URL ..................................................................................................................... 117

Changing IP Address to Domain Name in CP URL ........................................................ 118

Changing Parallels H-Sphere Port .................................................................................. 118

Changing Entire CP URL ................................................................................................ 119

Setting Multiple Alternative CP URL‘s ............................................................................. 120

Migrating Control Panel Server ................................................................................................. 121

Generating SSH Keys for Parallels H-Sphere Servers ............................................................. 123

Encrypting Trouble Tickets ........................................................................................................ 124

Generating PGP Public Key and PGP Private Key ......................................................... 124

Enabling PGP Encryption In Your Support Center.......................................................... 125

Encrypting Texts With PGP Public Key ........................................................................... 125

Using Encrypted Parts in Trouble Tickets ....................................................................... 126

Customizing Domain Registration Lookup Script ...................................................................... 127

Web Server 129

Understanding Web Server Configuration ................................................................................. 130

FTP Server ...................................................................................................................... 131

SSL Implementation on Unix Web Servers ..................................................................... 136

Dedicated SSL................................................................................................................. 136

Preface 6

Shared SSL ..................................................................................................................... 136

Third Party Log Analyzers Integrated in Parallels H-Sphere .......................................... 137

WebShell ......................................................................................................................... 141

MnoGoSearch ................................................................................................................. 142

Parallels H-Sphere Jail .................................................................................................... 144

Preventing Manipulation with Logs Directory Permissions........................................................ 146

Altering Virtual Host Configuration ............................................................................................ 146

Calculating Web Traffic.............................................................................................................. 148

Using Third-Party Log Analyzers for Traffic Calculation ................................................. 149

Calculating Parallels H-Sphere Built-In Traffic ................................................................ 151

Adding Directories for User Homes ........................................................................................... 152

Installing Ruby on Rails ............................................................................................................. 152

Installing Chili!Soft ASP ............................................................................................................. 153

WORKFLOW ................................................................................................................... 153

Installing mod_perl..................................................................................................................... 160

Installing Zend Optimizer ........................................................................................................... 162

Mail System 164

Understanding Parallels H-Sphere Mail .................................................................................... 165

Mail Package ................................................................................................................... 166

Included Software ............................................................................................................ 166

Webmails ......................................................................................................................... 167

IMAP Server .................................................................................................................... 170

Choosing Remote Web and MySQL Logical Servers for Horde Webmail Frontend ................. 173

Changing Mail Server Roles ...................................................................................................... 174

Blocking IPs on Mail Servers ..................................................................................................... 176

Adding Qmail Settings to IP/Subnet .......................................................................................... 176

Bouncing Mail ............................................................................................................................ 177

1. Separate IP for Sending Bounced Mail ....................................................................... 177

2. Processing Error Responses ....................................................................................... 178

3. Bounced Message Delivery ......................................................................................... 179

Configuring Qmail ...................................................................................................................... 179

Antivirus and Antispam Filters (SpamAssassin and ClamAV) ........................................ 180

Integrated Antispam Addons ........................................................................................... 183

Qmail Server Settings ..................................................................................................... 184

Command Line Qmail Configuration ............................................................................... 196

Syslog Facility/Level Configuration For rblsmtpd ............................................................ 196

SMTP Log ........................................................................................................................ 197

Mail Client and ESMTP Destination Server .................................................................... 198

Qmail-spp Support .......................................................................................................... 199

Qmail TLS Support .......................................................................................................... 200

Integrated Plugins ........................................................................................................... 200

Choosing Remote MySQL Logical Server for SpamAssassin................................................... 201

SPF and SRS ............................................................................................................................ 202

SPF (Sender Policy Framework) ..................................................................................... 203

SRS (Sender Re-write Scheme) ..................................................................................... 205

Updating SpamAssassin Rulesets Automatically ...................................................................... 205

Sa-update Script .............................................................................................................. 206

Rules Du Jour Script ....................................................................................................... 206

Migrating Mail Server/IP ............................................................................................................ 210

Moving Mail Domains ................................................................................................................ 213

Calculating Mail Traffic .............................................................................................................. 214

Mail Traffic Log ................................................................................................................ 216

POP3 and IMAP Traffic ................................................................................................... 217

Web Mailing List Traffic ................................................................................................... 217

SpamGuard Setup ..................................................................................................................... 218

Preface 7

DNS Server 219

DNS Config Files ....................................................................................................................... 220

Parallels H-Sphere DNS Zones ....................................................................................... 220

Custom DNS Zones ........................................................................................................ 221

Reverse DNS ................................................................................................................... 221

Restarting Named ...................................................................................................................... 222

Bind 9.3 ...................................................................................................................................... 222

New Features .................................................................................................................. 223

Restarting Bind ................................................................................................................ 223

Using rndc ....................................................................................................................... 224

Adding DNS Servers.................................................................................................................. 225

Configuring Single DNS ............................................................................................................. 225

Installing and Configuring MyDNS ............................................................................................. 227

Installation ....................................................................................................................... 227

Uninstallation ................................................................................................................... 228

Migrating DNS from Bind to MyDNS ......................................................................................... 228

Moving DNS ............................................................................................................................... 229

Removing Broken DNS Zones .................................................................................................. 231

Removing User Domain Zone ......................................................................................... 233

Removing Service Domain Zone..................................................................................... 234

Using DNS Creator .................................................................................................................... 235

MySQL Server 236

Installing MySQL Server ............................................................................................................ 236

Step 1. Checking for MySQL on Your Box ...................................................................... 237

Step 2. Downloading MySQL .......................................................................................... 237

Step 3. Installing MySQL ................................................................................................. 237

Step 4. Configuring MySQL ............................................................................................. 238

Step 5. Adding MySQL Server to Parallels H-Sphere ..................................................... 238

Backing Up MySQL Database ................................................................................................... 238

Running Parallels H-Sphere MySQL Scripts ............................................................................. 239

Getting Remote Access to MySQL Logical Server .................................................................... 240

Enabling Linked Tables in phpMyAdmin ................................................................................... 241

Changing MySQL Root Password ............................................................................................. 242

Option 1 ........................................................................................................................... 243

Option 2 ........................................................................................................................... 244

Moving MySQL .......................................................................................................................... 245

Step 1. Preparing Servers ............................................................................................... 245

Step 2. Moving MySQL Content ...................................................................................... 245

Step 3. Updating System Database ................................................................................ 246

Step 4. Updating Resellers‘ Server Aliases .................................................................... 246

Step 5. Synchronizing MySQL Content ........................................................................... 246

Step 6. Finalizing the Migration ....................................................................................... 247

Step 7. Checking Functionality ........................................................................................ 248

Moving MySQL Accounts .......................................................................................................... 248

PostgreSQL Server 250

Installing PostgreSQL Server .................................................................................................... 250

Step 1. Checking for PostgreSQL ................................................................................... 251

Step 2. Downloading PostgreSQL................................................................................... 251

Step 3. Installing PostgreSQL ......................................................................................... 252

Step 4. Configuring PostgreSQL ..................................................................................... 252

Backing Up PostgreSQL Database ........................................................................................... 253

Using VACUUM Utility ............................................................................................................... 253

Preface 8

Running PostgreSQL Scripts ..................................................................................................... 254

Changing Postgres User Password ........................................................................................... 255

Localizing PostgreSQL .............................................................................................................. 256

Configuring Parallels H-Sphere to Use Non-Default MySQL/PostgreSQL Versions ................ 256

Choosing Remote Web Logical Servers for phpMyAdmin/phpPgAdmin Frontends ................. 258

Downgrading Postgres .............................................................................................................. 259

Windows Servers 261

MSI Packages ............................................................................................................................ 262

Download and Installation ............................................................................................... 263

Packages Requiring Third-party Software ...................................................................... 264

Dependencies Tree ......................................................................................................... 264

Winbox Directory Structure ........................................................................................................ 265

HSphere .......................................................................................................................... 265

HShome ........................................................................................................................... 266

HSlogfiles ........................................................................................................................ 267

Restarting Winbox Service ........................................................................................................ 267

Restarting IIS ............................................................................................................................. 268

Enabling Winbox Shared SSL ................................................................................................... 268

Integrating Winbox Shared SSL ...................................................................................... 269

Updating Winbox Shared SSL ......................................................................................... 269

Winbox Statistics ....................................................................................................................... 270

Statistics Modules ........................................................................................................... 271

Setting Up SharePoint to Use MSSQL Server .......................................................................... 273

Preinstallation Requirements .......................................................................................... 273

Installing and Configuring SharePoint ............................................................................. 274

Adding ODBC Resource ............................................................................................................ 277

Interface ........................................................................................................................... 278

Configuration ................................................................................................................... 281

Configuring ColdFusion ............................................................................................................. 283

Enabling ASP.NET 4.0 .............................................................................................................. 284

Moving Log Files ........................................................................................................................ 284

Removing Old Log Files ............................................................................................................ 285

Moving User Homes .................................................................................................................. 286

Maintaining HShome ................................................................................................................. 286

Changing hsadmin Login and Password ................................................................................... 288

Winbox IP Migration................................................................................................................... 289

Step 1. Bind Target IPs on Winbox ................................................................................. 289

Step 2. Add Double Bindings on IIS ................................................................................ 290

Step 3. Create Migration XML ......................................................................................... 291

Step 4. Run the Migration ................................................................................................ 292

Step 5. Remove Old IP Bindings on IIS .......................................................................... 292

Uninstalling Winbox ................................................................................................................... 293

Winbox Security Scheme .......................................................................................................... 295

Accounts Hierarchy ......................................................................................................... 296

IIS Security Management ................................................................................................ 297

NTFS permissions ........................................................................................................... 298

FrontPage Server Extensions Management Notes ......................................................... 298

ASP.NET Management Notes ......................................................................................... 299

Migration Notes ............................................................................................................... 299

Recovery Notes ............................................................................................................... 299

Migrating Serv-U to MS-FTP ..................................................................................................... 300

Step 1. Create a User Account and User FTP Accounts in IIS FTP ............................... 301

Step 2. Reset NTFS Permissions .................................................................................... 303

Step 3. Recover Winbox quota ........................................................................................ 304

Step 4. Reset Anonymous Access for All User Domains in IIS ...................................... 305

Preparing Servers for MS Exchange Hosting (Hosted Messaging and Collaboration 3.0) ....... 306

Step 1. Install Required Software on the Servers ........................................................... 307

Preface 9

Step 2. Deploy Hosted Messaging and Collaboration..................................................... 309

Step 3. Install WS Exchange Provider Adapter Namespace .......................................... 321

Step 4. Create Reseller Organization Unit ...................................................................... 322

Preparing Servers for MS Exchange Hosting (Hosted Messaging and Collaboration 3.5) ....... 324

Step 1. Install Required Software on the Servers ........................................................... 325

Step 2. Deploy Hosted Messaging and Collaboration..................................................... 327

Step 3. Install WS Exchange Provider Adapter Namespace .......................................... 333

Step 4. Create Reseller Organization Unit ...................................................................... 334

Calculating Winbox Traffic ......................................................................................................... 336

Creating Mail Plan on MPS Server ............................................................................................ 337

Microsoft SQL Server 340

Installing Microsoft SQL 2000 Server ........................................................................................ 341

Installing Microsoft SQL 2005 Server ........................................................................................ 342

Moving MS SQL Databases Across Servers ............................................................................. 343

Moving MS SQL Databases to a New Location ........................................................................ 344

Virtual Private Servers 350

Configuration Parameters .......................................................................................................... 350

VPS Scripts ................................................................................................................................ 352

Perl Modules Used by VPS Scripts ................................................................................. 353

VPS Configuration ........................................................................................................... 354

Create VPS ...................................................................................................................... 355

Migrate VPS .................................................................................................................... 357

Delete VPS ...................................................................................................................... 358

VPS Cron Scripts............................................................................................................. 359

VPS Configuration Scripts ............................................................................................... 363

View List of Installed VPS‘s ............................................................................................. 366

Install/Uninstall Additional Packages .............................................................................. 367

Check VPS Files for Changes ......................................................................................... 369

VPS IP Migration Tool ..................................................................................................... 371

VPS Network Configuration Tools ................................................................................... 372

Device Management ....................................................................................................... 374

Backing Up VPS Content .......................................................................................................... 377

Adding VPS Network Gateways ................................................................................................ 378

VPS Subnet XML Configuration ...................................................................................... 379

Parallels H-Sphere VPS Configuration Parameters .................................................................. 380

VPS Templates .......................................................................................................................... 386

Creating and Modifying VPS Templates ......................................................................... 387

Default Templates ........................................................................................................... 388

VPS Limits ................................................................................................................................. 392

Hints On Handling VPS Limits ......................................................................................... 394

Changing VPS Solution ............................................................................................................. 395

Changing Solution from Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel ............................................ 395

Changing Solution from Console..................................................................................... 396

Changing Solution from Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel ............................................ 397

Configuring VPS Host ................................................................................................................ 398

Customizing Operating System Distributive URLs .................................................................... 402

Dedicated Servers 403

Configuring MRTG ..................................................................................................................... 404

Managing MRTG Service ................................................................................................ 404

Configuration Directory and File ...................................................................................... 404

Scripts Processing Data .................................................................................................. 404

RRD Files ........................................................................................................................ 405

Preface 10

The Problem with Calculating Large (>100mbps) Bandwidth Traffic .............................. 405

System Packages 407

Common Packages ................................................................................................................... 407

hsphere-info: Collecting Information About Parallels H-Sphere Servers into XML Configs408

hsphere-update Package ................................................................................................ 410

upackages Syntax ........................................................................................................... 410

Parallels H-Sphere Perl Modules .................................................................................... 412

Parallels H-Sphere Apache ............................................................................................. 414

Parallels H-Sphere PHP .................................................................................................. 425

Parallels SiteStudio Packages ................................................................................................... 435

Load Balancing 436

Load Balancers................................................................................................................ 438

Supported NAS................................................................................................................ 438

Load Balanced Cluster .................................................................................................... 438

Implementation of Load Balanced Cluster in Parallels H-Sphere ............................................. 439

Load Balanced Cluster in CP .......................................................................................... 440

Distribution of Requests Across Load Balanced Cluster ................................................ 440

Shared Content ............................................................................................................... 440

Specific Master/Slave Content ........................................................................................ 441

Synchronization Between Master and Slave Servers ..................................................... 441

Traffic Calculation ............................................................................................................ 442

Load Balanced Cluster Map ............................................................................................ 443

NAT Configuration for Load Balanced Clusters .............................................................. 444

Load Balancing Support in Parallels H-Sphere ......................................................................... 445

Installing Load Balanced Web/Mail Clusters in Parallels H-Sphere .......................................... 445

Step 1. Install and Configure Load Balancer ................................................................... 446

Step 2. Prepare NAS ....................................................................................................... 447

Step 3. Prepare Master and Slave Web/Mail Boxes ....................................................... 452

Step 4. Install Parallels H-Sphere to Load Balanced Parallels H-Sphere Clusters ........ 454

Quota Managers ........................................................................................................................ 455

Resources Migration 456

Migratable Resources ..................................................................................................... 456

Migration Procedure .................................................................................................................. 457

Step 1. Create XML File Containing User Data .............................................................. 457

Data Type Definitions ...................................................................................................... 460

DTD Chart ....................................................................................................................... 460

Attributes Description ...................................................................................................... 461

Files ................................................................................................................................. 462

XML Validation ................................................................................................................ 463

Step 2. Create XML File Containing Reseller Plan Data ................................................ 463

Step 3. Prepare The Target Control Panel ...................................................................... 469

Step 4. Create Reseller Plans ......................................................................................... 469

Step 5. Create Resellers ................................................................................................. 469

Step 6. Create End Users ............................................................................................... 470

Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 470

Backup and Recovery 471

Backing Up Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel Server .............................................................. 472

System DB Dump ............................................................................................................ 473

Parallels H-Sphere Backup and Recovery List ......................................................................... 473

Recovering Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel .......................................................................... 475

Preface 11

Step 1. Prepare for the Recovery .................................................................................... 475

Step 2. Recover System Data ......................................................................................... 475

Files and Directories To Be Recovered .......................................................................... 476

Recovering Unix Hosted Parallels H-Sphere Servers ............................................................... 477

Step 1. Prepare Crashed Server for Recovery ............................................................... 478

Step 2. Run Parallels H-Sphere Updater ........................................................................ 478

Step 3. Run the Recovery Tool ....................................................................................... 478

Step 4. Restore User Content ......................................................................................... 479

Restoring Files and Directories from Backup ............................................................................ 480

Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere System Database From Backup .......................................... 480

Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere Database on a Server with PostgreSQL Not Installed482

Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere Database Content if PostgreSQL Is Installed: ........... 483

Fixing Crashed Parallels H-Sphere Database ........................................................................... 484

Backing Up Winbox ................................................................................................................... 486

Backing Up the Metabase ............................................................................................... 486

Backing Up MS SQL Databases ..................................................................................... 486

Backing Up User Content ................................................................................................ 487

Recovering Winbox.................................................................................................................... 487

Step 1. Back Up User Content ........................................................................................ 488

Step 2. Install Parallels H-Sphere ................................................................................... 488

Step 3. Set Up Dedicated IPs .......................................................................................... 489

Step 4. Prepare Target Winbox for Physical Creator ...................................................... 489

Step 5. Run PhysicalCreator on the CP Box ................................................................... 490

Step 6. Restore Content from Backup ............................................................................ 491

Step 7. Install Shared SSL .............................................................................................. 492

Step 8. Set Correct NTFS Permissions and Owner for the Home Directory .................. 493

Recovering Winbox Quota ......................................................................................................... 494

Miva 495

Miva Installation for *nix ............................................................................................................. 495

Requirements .................................................................................................................. 495

Miva Empresa Installation ............................................................................................... 496

Miva Merchant Installation ............................................................................................... 499

Miva Installation for Windows .................................................................................................... 500

Updating Miva 4 to Miva 5 ......................................................................................................... 501

Urchin 502

Urchin 4 and 5 Installation on Unix ............................................................................................ 503

Urchin 4 and 5 Installation on Windows .................................................................................... 505

Urchin 4 And Urchin 5 Database Utilities .................................................................................. 506

Urchin Database Utilities ................................................................................................. 506

Urchin Database Tables .................................................................................................. 506

RealServer 509

RealServer Installation for Unix ................................................................................................. 510

RealServer Installation for Windows .......................................................................................... 516

RealServer Config File Example ............................................................................................... 516

In this chapter:

Typographical Conventions ............................................................................... 12

Feedback .......................................................................................................... 13

Formatting convention

Type of Information

Example

Special Bold

Items you must select, such as menu options, command buttons, or items in a list.

Go to the System tab. Titles of chapters, sections, and subsections.

Read the Basic Administration chapter.

Italics

Used to emphasize the importance of a point, to introduce a term or to designate a command line placeholder, which is to be replaced with a real name or value.

The system supports the so called wildcard character search.

Monospace

The names of commands, files, directories, and domain names.

The license file is located in the

http://docs/common/

licenses directory.

C H A P T E R 1

Preface

Typographical Conventions

Before you start using this guide, it is important to understand the documentation conventions used in it.

The following kinds of formatting in the text identify special information.

Preface 13

Preformatted

On-screen computer output in your commandline sessions; source code in XML, C++, or other programming languages.

# ls –al /files

total 14470

Preformatted Bold

What you type, contrasted with on-screen computer output.

# cd /root/rpms/php

CAPITALS

Names of keys on the keyboard.

SHIFT, CTRL, ALT

KEY+KEY

Key combinations for which the user must press and hold down one key and then press another.

CTRL+P, ALT+F4

Feedback

If you have found a mistake in this guide, or if you have suggestions or ideas on how to improve this guide, please send your feedback using the online form at

http://www.parallels.com/en/support/usersdoc/. Please include in your report the

guide‘s title, chapter and section titles, and the fragment of text in which you have found an error.

Welcome to the Parallels H-Sphere System Administrator Guide. It aims at system

C H A P T E R 2

About This Guide

administrators and explains how to install, configure and maintain Parallels H-Sphere and its components.

This document explains how to shape your Parallels H-Sphere cluster, add boxes and

C H A P T E R 3

Pre-configuration Wizard

hosting services and configure basic Parallels H-Sphere settings after Control Panel installation.

16 Pre-configuration Wizard

Parallels H-Sphere Pre-Configuration Wizard writes the cluster configuration into the specially formatted config.xml file (download sample config.xml from

http://hsphere.parallels.com/HSdocumentation/xmls/config.xml). The Configuration File

form on the main page enables you to:  Import: You upload the prepared XML file from a local machine to Parallels H-

Sphere and later reconfigure Parallels H-Sphere in the wizard.

 Export: export config.xml with your Parallels H-Sphere cluster configuration to

your local machine.

 Restore to Default: choose this option to recreate config.xml and to restart

configuring Parallels H-Sphere cluster in the wizard.

 To complete the pre-configuration wizard:

1. Click the Edit General Settings icon on the right corner of the General Settings caption and fill in the data on the page that appears:

 System Domain: Specify the service domain name here.  One Server Installation: check this box if you need a single server installation.  Use NAT IP mapping: Check this box if you implement NAT (on page 29) on your

Parallels H-Sphere.

Press Submit and return to the main page of the wizard.

2. If you choose multiple server installation mode, you will see the Add Physical Server icon on the right corner of the Physical Servers caption. Click

this icon and proceed to the form for adding new physical servers and services.

Here you set physical server name, IP, root password to connect to, and choose which hosting services (CP, Web, mail, DNS, MySQL, PostgreSQL) will be installed there.

Note: At the moment, VPS, Windows, MRTG are not installed via Parallels HSphere pre-configuration wizard.

Choose Use defaults for this server to apply default names for Parallels H-Sphere logical servers on this server. By default, they are named webN, mailN, nsN, mailN, mysqlN, respectively.

3. After you have added physical servers into Parallels H-Sphere cluster, you will see them on the main page of the wizard.

Click the Edit icon in front of a physical server in the list and edit logical server parameters. More on Logical Servers read in Parallels H-Sphere Service Administrator Guide.

4. After you have done with Parallels H-Sphere configuration, press Proceed Installation Wizard.

5. You will be taken to the Confirm Installation page. To complete installation via CP web interface, click Yes, continue

6. On the page that appears check the servers you want to be updated/installed and click Start. To see the update log, click the server name link.

Pre-configuration Wizard 17

7. When update is finished and the light turns green, click Proceed to

In this chapter:

Parallels H-Sphere config.xml ........................................................................... 18

complete installation.

8. On the page that appears, click Return to Admin CP.

You will be taken to the administrator control panel where you can maintain your hosting business.

18 Pre-configuration Wizard

Parallels H-Sphere config.xml

The config.xml file is used in Parallels H-Sphere Pre-configuration Wizard (on page 15). It contains Parallels H-Sphere cluster configuration: physical servers with their IPs and root passwords to install Parallels H-Sphere to, and logical servers to be installed on these boxes.

During regular Parallels H-Sphere installation, config.xml is formed in Parallels HSphere Pre-Configuration wizard in admin CP and is temporarily stored in the ~cpanel/.settings directory. After completing Parallels H- Sphere installation in the postinstall mode, installer removes this file. However, the postinstall mode won‘t continue if config.xml is missing or is different from the one used at the installation.

When installer runs in the install mode, it is required that you specify location of the correctly formed config.xml. See Appendix B. Installation Script Options of Parallels HSphere Control Panel Installation Guide.

Elements and Attributes

In the following chart xml elements are marked in bold and their attributes—in italics. physicalServers - a list of Parallels H-Sphere physical servers, each of them

described as physicalServer with attributes:

 id - id of the physical server  name - name of the physical server

password - root password to the physical server Each physicalServer contains ip

and logicalServers elements:

 ip - server IP with attribute:

 type - type of the physical server

Element ip contains such child elements:

 addr - IP address  ipExt - external IP for NAT mapping

Note: If Parallels H-Sphere does not use NAT, this child element is redundant.

 mask - IP mask

 logicalServers - a list of Parallels H-Sphere logical servers each of them described

as logicalServer with attributes:

 group - group of the logical server  id -id of the logical server  name - name of the logical server

Each logicalServer element contains ips element - a list of IPs, each of them described as ip with the following child elements:

Pre-configuration Wizard 19

 addr - IP address  ipExt - external IP for NAT mapping

Note: If Parallels H-Sphere does not use NAT this child element is redundant.

 mask - IP mask

systemzone - a Parallels H-Sphere DNS zone hsversion - a Parallels H-Sphere version

This chapter lists various types of software used in Parallels H-Sphere.

In this chapter:

Integrated Third Party Products ......................................................................... 21

Supplementary Software ................................................................................... 23

Used Libraries and Technologies ...................................................................... 24

C H A P T E R 4

Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere

Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 21

Integrated Third Party Products

Even though we integrate or use the below products in Parallels H-Sphere, we do not assume any responsibility for bugs in their source code. Should you have any problems with these products, please contact the developers. The packages are listed in the alphabetical order.

BS Counter http://www.stanback.net/programming/bscounter ‖This is a web hit counter/tracker written in Perl, features include: blocking of multiple hits from the same user, insertion of commas, text-based or graphical modes, supports multiple counters from the same script, and tracks users‘ browsers, operating systems, locations, top 20 referrers, and top 20 search engine keywords. (requires SSI OR GD.pm)‖

ezmlm http://www.ezmlm.org ‖ezmlm is a modern mailing list manager. Its purpose is to efficiently send a message to a large number of recipients with minimal delay. It allows automated additions and subtractions from the subscriber database. In addition, it may keep an archive of messages. It can also impose restrictions on what may be sent or retrieved and by whom. Some mailing list managers keep a database of subscriber information and tailor the message specifically for each subscriber. ezmlm sends the same message to all subscribers. This is much more efficient. The benefits to the user are that on average posts to ezmlm lists reach subscribers much faster than they would with other mailing list manager.‖

FormMail http://www.scriptarchive.com/formmail.html ‖FormMail is a generic WWW form to e-mail gateway, which will parse the results of any form and send them to the specified user. This script has many formatting and operational options, most of which can be specified through the form, meaning you don‘t need any programming knowledge or multiple scripts for multiple forms. This also makes FormMail a perfect system-wide solution for allowing users form-based user feedback capabilities without the risks of allowing freedom of CGI access.‖

Miva Merchant http://www.miva.com ‖Miva Merchant is a dynamic browser based storefront development and management system that allows merchants to create and administrate multiple online stores from anywhere in the world.‖

mnoGoSearch http://www.mnogosearch.org/ ‖mnoGoSearch (formerly known as UdmSearch) is a full-featured web search engine software for intranet and internet servers. mnoGoSearch software has a number of unique features, which makes it appropriate for a wide range of applications from search within your site to specialized search systems such as cooking recipes or newspaper searches, ftp archive search, MP3 search, news articles search or even national-wide portal search engine.‖

ModLogAn http://jan.kneschke.de/projects/modlogan/ ‖ModLogAn is a modular logfile analyzer which is able to analyze logfiles from 15 different server types.‖

22 Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere

MySQL http://www.mysql.com

‖MySQL is the world‘s most popular open source database, recognized for its speed and reliability.‖

OpenSSL http://www.openssl.org ‖The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust, commercial-grade, full-featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) protocols as well as a full-strength general purpose cryptography library managed by a worldwide community of volunteers that use the Internet to communicate, plan, and develop the OpenSSL toolkit and its related documentation.‖ Parallels H-Sphere uses system OpenSSL packages. Make sure you keep them updated. OpenSSL packages are upgraded as any other system packages.

osCommerce http://www.oscommerce.com ‖osCommerce is an online shop e-commerce solution under on going development by the open source community. Its feature packed out-of-the-box installation allows store owners to setup, run, and maintain their online stores with minimum effort and with absolutely no costs or license fees involved.‖

phpBB http://www.phpbb.com ‖phpBB is a high powered, fully scalable, and highly customisable open-source bulletin board package. phpBB has a user-friendly interface, simple and straightforward administration panel, and helpful FAQ. Based on the powerful PHP server language and your choice of MySQL, MS-SQL, PostgreSQL or Access/ODBC database servers, phpBB is the ideal free community solution for all web sites.‖

phpMyAdmin http://www.phpmyadmin.net ‖phpMyAdmin is a tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of MySQL over the WWW. Currently it can create and drop databases, create/drop/alter tables, delete/edit/add fields, execute any SQL statement, manage keys on fields.‖

Urchin http://www.urchin.com ‖Urchin is the fastest and most accurate web analytics (web statistics) software available.‖ It is a commercial product and is available for Windows 2000, Linux RedHat, and FreeBSD platforms.‖

WebBBS http://www.extropia.com/scripts/bbs.html ‖eXtropia WebBBS allows a user to post messages as well as post replies to existing messages. WebBBS keeps track of which messages are posts and which ones are replies and displays them in a hierarchical tree-like fashion. Posts that start new topics are at the top of each tree, and the replies are shown indented beneath the original posts.‖

WebChat http://www.extropia.com/opensource.html ‖eXtropia WebChat is a useful application that allows a number of people on the World Wide Web to talk to one another simultaneously. The ability to chat on the Web can be a quick way to hold a virtual meeting.‖

Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 23

WebGuestbook http://www.extropia.com/opensource.html eXtropia WebGuestbook is ―configurable so that you can specify what your guestbook file looks like and how the script-generated responses are displayed. If configured to do so, WebGuestbook will email the guestbook administrator the text of new entries as well as add them to the guestbook. The script will also respond to new entrants with a configurable ―Thank you‖ message... Finally, the application comes with the capability of ‗four letter word‘ filtering for a child-safe guestbook. You can censor words by adding them to a list of ‗bad words‘.‖

Webalizer http://www.mrunix.net/webalizer/ ‖The Webalizer is a fast, free web server log file analysis program. It produces highly detailed, easily configurable usage reports in HTML format, for viewing with a standard web browser.‖

Supplementary Software

Apache http://www.apache.org/ The Apache web-server is used as the back-end for all of PSoft applications running on the Unix platform. More information about configuring and maintaining Apache is available at the Apache project site.

Postgresql http://www.postgresql.org/ While our products are designed to work with any SQL-compliant database server, PostgreSQL is the server we use for internal development and testing. Their website not only explains how to properly set up this free database, but also has some information about SQL in general.

ProFTPD http://proftpd.net ‖Highly configurable GPL-licensed FTP server software.‖

qmail http://www.qmail.org/top.html ‖qmail is a secure, reliable, efficient, simple message transfer agent. It is designed for typical Internet-connected UNIX hosts. As of October 2001, qmail is the second most common SMTP server on the Internet, and has by far the fastest growth of any SMTP server.‖

vpopmail http://www.inter7.com/vpopmail.html ‖vpopmail (vchkpw) is a collection of programs and a library to automate the creation and maintenance of virtual domain email configurations for qmail installations using either a single UID/GID or any valid UID/GID in /etc/passwd with a home directory. Features are provided in the library for other applications which need to maintain virtual domain email accounts. It supports named or IP-based domains. It works with vqadmin, qmailadmin, vqregister, sqwebmail, and courier-imap. It supports MySQL, Sybase, Oracle, LDAP, and file-based (DJB constant database) authentication. It supports SMTP authentication combined with the qmail-smtp-auth patch. It supports user quotas and roaming users (SMTP relay after POP authentication).‖

24 Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere

Used Libraries and Technologies

CGI http://cgi.resourceindex.com

Freemarker http://freemarker.sourceforge.net Positive Software uses Freemarker 1.5.1 template format for Parallels H-Sphere and Parallels SiteStudio. Please refer to this site for detailed information about the format and capabilities of Freemarker.

HTML http://developer.netscape.com Java 1.4 http://www.javasoft.com/ Perl http://www.perl.org/ PHP http://www.php.net/ and http://www.zend.com/ XML http://www.oasis-open.org/

We do not recommend major OS updates that result in changing of OSCODE (refer to

In this chapter:

Updating FreeBSD Kernel ................................................................................. 26

Updating Linux .................................................................................................. 26

C H A P T E R 5

Update of Operating Systems

Appendix D of Parallels H-Sphere Installation Guide). Rather, perform server migration. You can have it done by Parallels H-Sphere support team,

http://www.parallels.com/support/hsphere/, or migrate servers by yourself using the

following manuals:

 Moving Mail Service (on page 210)  Moving DNS (on page 229)  Moving MySQL (on page 245)  Moving CP Server (on page 121)

However, if you did update your OS to another major version, delete the file /hsphere/shared/bin/oscode.

26 Update of Operating Systems

Updating FreeBSD Kernel

Parallels H-Sphere requires that FreeBSD kernel be compiled with quota enabled.

 To update kernel on a FreeBSD server in an Parallels H-Sphere cluster:

1. Download and install FreeBSD kernel sources.

2. Under root, change directory to /usr/src/sys/i386/conf, where

the kernel source is located:

# cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf

3. In this directory, you will have the default GENERIC kernel configuration file, and, if the custom kernel compilation has been performed, a custom kernel configuration file, for example MYKERNEL.

4. Open your current kernel configuration file (for example MYKERNEL) and add the line:

options QUOTA

Important: We don‘t recommend modifying the default GENERIC file. Instead, copy its content to a custom file (like MYKERNEL) and perform modifications there!

5. Compile and install the kernel:

# /usr/sbin/config MYKERNEL # cd ../../compile/MYKERNEL # make depend # make # make install

6. Reboot FreeBSD server to activate the new kernel settings.

For more information, see generic instructions on Building and Installing a Custom Kernel (http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-

1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-building.html).

Updating Linux

When you update Linux automatically by means of up2date (on page 28), apt-get (on page 28), SWUP, yum (http://linux.duke.edu/projects/yum/) or other RPM updaters, you must beforehand exclude some packages installed with Parallels H-Sphere from the update list:

 rh-postgres, postgresql, postgresql-server, postgresql-libs on CP and user

postgresql boxes

 apache and apache-related packages on Parallels H-Sphere CP, WEB and MAIL

boxes

 proftpd, frontpage and related packages on Parallels H-Sphere WEB boxes

Update of Operating Systems 27

 qmail, vpopmail, ezmlm, sqwebmail and related packages on Parallels H-Sphere

In this section:

Linux Up2Date .................................................................................................. 28

Linux Apt-Get .................................................................................................... 28

MAIL boxes

 bind and related packages on Parallels H-Sphere DNS boxes  XFree86 or xorg-x11 packages on CP. XFree86-deprecated-libs (or xorg-x11-

deprecated-libs) with dependences should be installed. This is critical particularly for Parallels SiteStudio.

 MySQL-server on Parallels H-Sphere MAIL and MySQL boxes Please note that these packages are also to be removed while preparing servers to

Parallels H-Sphere installation. If you have accidentally upgraded your RedHat without excluding these packages, you

need to downgrade PostgreSQL (on page 259).

28 Update of Operating Systems

Linux Up2Date

The up2date utility is used to upgrade the Linux Kernel on RedHat. For generic information on up2date, please read Upgrading the Linux Kernel on Red Hat Linux Systems (http://www.redhat.com/support/resources/howto/kernel-upgrade/).

Prior to updating your Linux with the up2date procedure, make sure you exclude specific Parallels H-Sphere related services (on page 26) from the list of packages to be updated.

Linux Apt-Get

Since the up2date (on page 28) utility has become a paid service by RedHat (http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/RHNetwork/ref-guide/up2date.html), you may use the free apt-get utility instead.

APT-RPM is a port of Debian‘s apt tools to a RPM based distribution. apt-get is an advanced package management utility front-end to easily perform package installation, upgrading and removal. Dependencies are automatically handled, so if you try to install a package that needs others to be installed, it will download all needed packages and install them. More information on apt-get can be found at http://apt.freshrpms.net/ or

http://pt-rpm.tuxfamily.org/.

Prior to updating your OS packages with apt-get, make sure you exclude specific Parallels H-Sphere-related services (on page 26) from the apt-get configuration.

To exclude these packages, modify the corresponding part of your /etc/apt/apt.conf file, similar to this:

// Completely ignore the following packages (not regexp) // Ignore { }; Ignore { ―bind-utils‖; }; // Do not try to update the following packages // Hold { }; Hold {

‖rh-postgres*‖; ‖postgresql*‖; ‖apache*‖; ‖proftp*‖; ‖qmail*‖; ‖vpopmail*‖; ‖ezmlm*‖; ‖sendmail*‖; ‖bind*‖; ‖XFree86-base-fonts*‖; ‖XFree86-font-utils*‖; ‖XFree86-libs*‖; ‖XFree86-libs-data*‖; ‖XFree86-xfs*‖; ‖XFree86-Xvfb*‖;

MySQL*};

Network Address Translation (NAT) 29

Parallels H-Sphere supports NAT (Network Address Translation) which allows you to

C H A P T E R 6

Network Address Translation (NAT)

use internal IPs in your local area network. When configuring Parallels H-Sphere, use internal IPs in all instances, and Parallels H-Sphere will convert them into external IPs for the DNS settings and control panel web interface.

 To enable NAT support in Parallels H-Sphere:

1. Log into Control Panel server as cpanel user:

1. Log in as root first:

$ su -

2. Log in as the cpanel user:

# su -l cpanel

2. Create the ips-map.xml file in the ~cpanel/shiva/psoft_config/ directory in the following format:

Example:

3. Set the following record in

~cpanel/shiva/psoft_config/hsphere.properties:

IPS-XML-FILENAME = /hsphere/local/home/cpanel/shiva/psoft_config/ips-map.xml

4. Restart Parallels H-Sphere to apply changes. To do this, run under

root:

For Linux:

/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpdcp stop killall -9 java sleep 10 /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpdcp start

30 Network Address Translation (NAT)

In this chapter:

Configuring Newly Installed H-Sphere with NAT Support .................................. 30

Enabling NAT Support on a Live System ........................................................... 31

Configuring NAT Firewall ................................................................................... 32

Migrating IPs with NAT ...................................................................................... 32

For FreeBSD:

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/apachecp.sh stop killall -9 java sleep 10 /usr/local/etc/rc.d/apachecp.sh start

 To disable NAT support

1. Remove the line mentioned in step 3 above from hsphere.properties.

2. Restart Parallels H-Sphere.

See below for particular cases of configuring NAT in your Parallels H-Sphere cluster.

Configuring Newly Installed H-Sphere with NAT Support

 To configure newly Installed H-Sphere with NAT support:

1. Create ips-map.xml file and configure hsphere.properties to use it as specified in the parent topic.

2. In the E.Manager menu, add your physical and logical servers with the corresponding internal IPs as described in Parallels H-Sphere Adding Servers and Services Guide.

3. Go to E.Manager -> DNS Manager and add DNS records with internal IPs as described in DNS Records section of Parallels H-Sphere Service Administrator Guide.

Note: Internal IPs will be transformed to the corresponding external IPs in DNS zones configuration. There will be only external IPs in DNS zones configuration.

Should you still have problems with resolving your servers after that, run DNS Creator (on page 235) using the following command under the cpanel user:

java psoft.hsphere.tools.DNSCreator -m db -dz

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Parallels H-Sphere - 3.4 Administrator’s Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual