Parallels H-Sphere - 3.2 Administrator’s Guide
Parallels® H-Sphere
Legal and Copyright Notice
ISBN: N/A
Parallels
660 SW 39th Street
Suite 205
Renton, Washington 98057
USA
Phone: +1 (425) 282 6400
Fax: +1 (425) 282 6444
© Copyright 2009,
Parallels, Inc.
All rights reserved
Distribution of this work or derivative of this work in any form is prohibited unless prior
written permission is obtained from the copyright holder.
Product and service names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.
Contents
Preface 12
Typographical Conventions ......................................................................................................... 12
Feedback ..................................................................................................................................... 13
About This Guide 14
Pre-configuration Wizard 15
Parallels H-Sphere config.xml ..................................................................................................... 18
Elements and Attributes .................................................................................................... 18
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 20
Integrated Third Party Products ................................................................................................... 21
Supplementary Software ............................................................................................................. 23
Used Libraries and Technologies ................................................................................................ 24
Update of Operating Systems 25
Updating FreeBSD Kernel ........................................................................................................... 26
Updating Linux ............................................................................................................................. 26
Linux Up2Date ................................................................................................................... 28
Linux Apt-Get..................................................................................................................... 28
Network Address Translation (NAT) 30
Configuring Newly Installed H-Sphere with NAT Support ........................................................... 31
Enabling NAT Support on a Live System .................................................................................... 32
Configuring NAT Firewall ............................................................................................................. 33
Migrating IPs with NAT ................................................................................................................ 33
Server Time Synchronization 34
NTP Time Servers ....................................................................................................................... 34
Cron Scripts 35
Control Panel Server Crons ......................................................................................................... 35
Web Server Crons ....................................................................................................................... 36
DNS Server Cron ......................................................................................................................... 36
Mail Server Crons ........................................................................................................................ 37
PostgreSQL/MySQL Server ........................................................................................................ 37
Traffic Calculation 38
Checking Traffic via Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel ............................................................... 39
Checking Traffic on Physical Servers .......................................................................................... 39
Processing Traffic by Crons ........................................................................................................ 40
Preface 4
HTTP traffic ....................................................................................................................... 40
User FTP traffic ................................................................................................................. 40
Virtual FTP traffic ............................................................................................................... 40
Mail traffic .......................................................................................................................... 40
Parsing Traffic by TrafficLoader .................................................................................................. 41
IP Migration (Changing IPs) 42
Changing IPs on Systems Without NAT ...................................................................................... 42
IP Migration Pre-requisites ................................................................................................ 43
IP Migration Map File ........................................................................................................ 44
Creating ipmigration.xml Manually .................................................................................... 45
Creating ipmigration.xml by Parallels H-Sphere IP Migrator ............................................. 46
IP Migration Step by Step .................................................................................................. 46
Changing External IPs on Systems with NAT ............................................................................. 56
Changing Internal IPs on Systems With NAT .............................................................................. 57
Configuring Parallels H-Sphere to Work on Two Sets of IPs ...................................................... 57
Restarting Services 58
Restarting Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel .............................................................................. 60
Restarting Parallels H-Sphere Database..................................................................................... 60
Restarting Web Server ................................................................................................................ 61
Restarting PostgreSQL Server .................................................................................................... 61
Restarting Mail Server ................................................................................................................. 63
Restarting MySQL Server ............................................................................................................ 63
Restarting Named ........................................................................................................................ 64
Control Panel Server 65
Understanding Control Panel Server Configuration .................................................................... 66
Installed Software .............................................................................................................. 66
Interaction Between Servers ............................................................................................. 67
Location of CP Files and Directories ................................................................................. 67
The Parallels H-Sphere Configuration File ........................................................................ 68
Control Panel Apache Server Configuration ..................................................................... 68
Control Panel Back-End Servlet Engine ........................................................................... 68
Reseller Configuration ....................................................................................................... 68
Reseller SSL Configuration ............................................................................................... 69
CP SSL Configuration ....................................................................................................... 69
CP Apache Log Files ......................................................................................................... 69
CP Traffic Calculation ........................................................................................................ 70
The Parallels H-Sphere System Database ....................................................................... 70
The System Database Settings ......................................................................................... 70
Logging into the System Database ................................................................................... 70
VACUUM Utility ................................................................................................................. 71
CP Mail Queue .................................................................................................................. 71
Logging in as the cpanel User ..................................................................................................... 72
Logging into Parallels H-Sphere System Database .................................................................... 72
Launching Control Panel Cron Jobs ............................................................................................ 72
CP Cron XML Configuration Files ..................................................................................... 73
Background Job Manager ................................................................................................. 73
Configuring Tomcat ..................................................................................................................... 73
Tomcat Configuration Files ............................................................................................... 74
Tomcat Log File ................................................................................................................. 74
Restarting Tomcat ............................................................................................................. 74
Customizing Tomcat Environment Variables .................................................................... 75
Running Java Command Line Tools ........................................................................................... 76
Preface 5
DNSCreator ....................................................................................................................... 77
IPMigratorFast ................................................................................................................... 78
PhysicalCreator ................................................................................................................. 79
PostApacheConfigs ........................................................................................................... 80
PostFTPConfigs ................................................................................................................ 80
ServerAliasesRenamer ..................................................................................................... 81
ChangeLServerId .............................................................................................................. 82
MIVAEmpresaFix............................................................................................................... 82
KeyPairGenerator .............................................................................................................. 83
PGPEncrypter.................................................................................................................... 83
PGPMessageSigner .......................................................................................................... 83
PGPMessageVerify ........................................................................................................... 84
RepostResellerSSLConfigs ............................................................................................... 84
ServiceZoneRenamer ....................................................................................................... 85
BillingEraser ...................................................................................................................... 85
SetQuota ........................................................................................................................... 86
UrchinReconfig .................................................................................................................. 86
OffLogs .............................................................................................................................. 87
Reset Balance ................................................................................................................... 88
RegenerateIpsFile ............................................................................................................. 88
LicenseExtractor ................................................................................................................ 89
VPSConvertor24_25 ......................................................................................................... 89
MailRelayCorrector ............................................................................................................ 90
Securing Your CP Server with SSL ............................................................................................. 91
Disabling HTTP Access ..................................................................................................... 93
Switching Between IP and Domain Name ........................................................................ 94
Upgrading Java ............................................................................................................................ 94
Supported Versions ........................................................................................................... 94
Upgrade Procedure ........................................................................................................... 95
Converting Parallels H-Sphere System Database from MS SQL to PgSQL ............................... 97
Step 1. Convert Database from MSSQL Server to MySQL .............................................. 98
Step 2. Convert Database from MySQL Server to PgSQL ............................................... 99
Upgrading System Postgres ...................................................................................................... 100
Converting Parallels H-Sphere Database To UNICODE........................................................... 102
Accelerating Control Panel ........................................................................................................ 105
Parallels H-Sphere Java-related Issues .......................................................................... 106
Optimizing Parallels H-Sphere System Database ........................................................... 107
Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 113
Changing CP URL ..................................................................................................................... 113
Changing IP Address to Domain Name in CP URL ........................................................ 114
Changing Parallels H-Sphere Port .................................................................................. 114
Changing Entire CP URL ................................................................................................ 115
Setting Multiple Alternative CP URL‟s ............................................................................. 116
Migrating Control Panel Server ................................................................................................. 117
Generating SSH Keys for Parallels H-Sphere Servers ............................................................. 118
Encrypting Trouble Tickets ........................................................................................................ 120
Generating PGP Public Key and PGP Private Key ......................................................... 120
Enabling PGP Encryption In Your Support Center.......................................................... 120
Encrypting Texts With PGP Public Key ........................................................................... 121
Using Encrypted Parts in Trouble Tickets ....................................................................... 122
Customizing Domain Registration Lookup Script ...................................................................... 123
Web Server 125
Understanding Web Server Configuration ................................................................................. 126
FTP Server ...................................................................................................................... 127
SSL Implementation on Unix Web Servers ..................................................................... 132
Dedicated SSL................................................................................................................. 132
Shared SSL ..................................................................................................................... 132
Preface 6
Third Party Log Analyzers Integrated in Parallels H-Sphere .......................................... 133
WebShell ......................................................................................................................... 137
MnoGoSearch ................................................................................................................. 138
Parallels H-Sphere Jail .................................................................................................... 140
Preventing Manipulation with Logs Directory Permissions........................................................ 142
Altering Virtual Host Configuration ............................................................................................ 142
Calculating Web Traffic.............................................................................................................. 144
Using Third-Party Log Analyzers for Traffic Calculation ................................................. 145
Calculating Parallels H-Sphere Built-In Traffic ................................................................ 147
Adding Directories for User Homes ........................................................................................... 148
Installing Ruby on Rails ............................................................................................................. 148
Installing Chili!Soft ASP ............................................................................................................. 149
WORKFLOW ................................................................................................................... 149
Installing mod_perl..................................................................................................................... 157
Installing Zend Optimizer ........................................................................................................... 158
Mail System 160
Understanding Parallels H-Sphere Mail .................................................................................... 161
Mail Package ................................................................................................................... 162
Included Software ............................................................................................................ 162
Webmails ......................................................................................................................... 163
IMAP Server .................................................................................................................... 166
Choosing Remote Web and MySQL Logical Servers for Horde Webmail Frontend ................. 168
Changing Mail Server Roles ...................................................................................................... 169
Blocking IPs on Mail Servers ..................................................................................................... 170
Adding Qmail Settings to IP/Subnet .......................................................................................... 171
Bouncing Mail ............................................................................................................................ 171
1. Separate IP for Sending Bounced Mail ....................................................................... 172
2. Processing Error Responses ....................................................................................... 172
3. Bounced Message Delivery ......................................................................................... 173
Configuring Qmail ...................................................................................................................... 173
Antivirus and Antispam Filters (SpamAssassin and ClamAV) ........................................ 174
Integrated Antispam Addons ........................................................................................... 177
Qmail Server Settings ..................................................................................................... 178
Command Line Qmail Configuration ............................................................................... 190
Syslog Facility/Level Configuration For rblsmtpd ............................................................ 190
SMTP Log ........................................................................................................................ 191
Mail Client and ESMTP Destination Server .................................................................... 192
Qmail-spp Support .......................................................................................................... 193
Qmail TLS Support .......................................................................................................... 194
Integrated Plugins ........................................................................................................... 194
Choosing Remote MySQL Logical Server for SpamAssassin................................................... 195
SPF and SRS ............................................................................................................................ 196
SPF (Sender Policy Framework) ..................................................................................... 197
SRS (Sender Re-write Scheme) ..................................................................................... 199
Updating SpamAssassin Rulesets Automatically ...................................................................... 199
Sa-update Script .............................................................................................................. 200
Rules Du Jour Script ....................................................................................................... 200
Migrating Mail Server/IP ............................................................................................................ 204
Moving Mail Domains ................................................................................................................ 207
Calculating Mail Traffic .............................................................................................................. 208
Mail Traffic Log ................................................................................................................ 210
POP3 and IMAP Traffic ................................................................................................... 211
Web Mailing List Traffic ................................................................................................... 211
SpamGuard Setup ..................................................................................................................... 212
DNS Server 213
Preface 7
DNS Config Files ....................................................................................................................... 214
Parallels H-Sphere DNS Zones ....................................................................................... 214
Custom DNS Zones ........................................................................................................ 215
Reverse DNS ................................................................................................................... 215
Restarting Named ...................................................................................................................... 216
Bind 9.3 ...................................................................................................................................... 216
New Features .................................................................................................................. 217
Restarting Bind ................................................................................................................ 217
Using rndc ....................................................................................................................... 218
Adding DNS Servers.................................................................................................................. 219
Configuring Single DNS ............................................................................................................. 219
Installing and Configuring MyDNS ............................................................................................. 221
Installation ....................................................................................................................... 221
Uninstallation ................................................................................................................... 222
Migrating DNS from Bind to MyDNS ......................................................................................... 222
Moving DNS ............................................................................................................................... 223
Removing Broken DNS Zones .................................................................................................. 225
Removing User Domain Zone ......................................................................................... 227
Removing Service Domain Zone..................................................................................... 228
Using DNS Creator .................................................................................................................... 229
MySQL Server 230
Installing MySQL Server ............................................................................................................ 230
Step 1. Checking for MySQL on Your Box ...................................................................... 231
Step 2. Downloading MySQL .......................................................................................... 231
Step 3. Installing MySQL ................................................................................................. 231
Step 4. Configuring MySQL ............................................................................................. 232
Step 5. Adding MySQL Server to Parallels H-Sphere ..................................................... 232
Backing Up MySQL Database ................................................................................................... 232
Running Parallels H-Sphere MySQL Scripts ............................................................................. 233
Getting Remote Access to MySQL Logical Server .................................................................... 234
Enabling Linked Tables in phpMyAdmin ................................................................................... 235
Changing MySQL Root Password ............................................................................................. 236
Option 1 ........................................................................................................................... 236
Option 2 ........................................................................................................................... 237
Moving MySQL .......................................................................................................................... 238
Step 1. Preparing Servers ............................................................................................... 238
Step 2. Moving MySQL Content ...................................................................................... 238
Step 3. Updating System Database ................................................................................ 239
Step 4. Updating Resellers‟ Server Aliases .................................................................... 239
Step 5. Synchronizing MySQL Content ........................................................................... 239
Step 6. Finalizing the Migration ....................................................................................... 240
Step 7. Checking Functionality ........................................................................................ 241
Moving MySQL Accounts .......................................................................................................... 241
PostgreSQL Server 243
Installing PostgreSQL Server .................................................................................................... 243
Step 1. Checking for PostgreSQL ................................................................................... 244
Step 2. Downloading PostgreSQL................................................................................... 244
Step 3. Installing PostgreSQL ......................................................................................... 245
Step 4. Configuring PostgreSQL ..................................................................................... 245
Backing Up PostgreSQL Database ........................................................................................... 246
Using VACUUM Utility ............................................................................................................... 246
Running PostgreSQL Scripts ..................................................................................................... 247
Changing Postgres User Password ........................................................................................... 248
Localizing PostgreSQL .............................................................................................................. 249
Configuring Parallels H-Sphere to Use Non-Default MySQL/PostgreSQL Versions ................ 249
Preface 8
Choosing Remote Web Logical Servers for phpMyAdmin/phpPgAdmin Frontends ................. 251
Downgrading Postgres .............................................................................................................. 252
Windows Servers 254
MSI Packages ............................................................................................................................ 255
Download and Installation ............................................................................................... 256
Packages Requiring Third-party Software ...................................................................... 257
Dependencies Tree ......................................................................................................... 257
Winbox Directory Structure ........................................................................................................ 258
HSphere .......................................................................................................................... 259
HShome ........................................................................................................................... 260
HSlogfiles ........................................................................................................................ 261
Restarting Winbox Service ........................................................................................................ 261
Restarting IIS ............................................................................................................................. 262
Enabling Winbox Shared SSL ................................................................................................... 262
Integrating Winbox Shared SSL ...................................................................................... 263
Updating Winbox Shared SSL ......................................................................................... 264
Winbox Statistics ....................................................................................................................... 265
Statistics Modules ........................................................................................................... 266
Setting Up SharePoint to Use MSSQL Server .......................................................................... 268
Preinstallation Requirements .......................................................................................... 268
Installing and Configuring SharePoint ............................................................................. 269
Adding ODBC Resource ............................................................................................................ 272
Interface ........................................................................................................................... 273
Configuration ................................................................................................................... 276
Configuring ColdFusion ............................................................................................................. 278
Enabling ASP.NET 2.0 .............................................................................................................. 279
Moving Log Files ........................................................................................................................ 280
Removing Old Log Files ............................................................................................................ 281
Moving User Homes .................................................................................................................. 282
Maintaining HShome ................................................................................................................. 282
Changing hsadmin Login and Password ................................................................................... 284
Winbox IP Migration................................................................................................................... 284
Step 1. Bind Target IPs on Winbox ................................................................................. 285
Step 2. Add Double Bindings on IIS ................................................................................ 285
Step 3. Create Migration XML ......................................................................................... 286
Step 4. Run the Migration ................................................................................................ 287
Step 5. Remove Old IP Bindings on IIS .......................................................................... 287
Uninstalling Winbox ................................................................................................................... 288
Winbox Security Scheme .......................................................................................................... 290
Accounts Hierarchy ......................................................................................................... 291
IIS Security Management ................................................................................................ 292
NTFS permissions ........................................................................................................... 293
FrontPage Server Extensions Management Notes ......................................................... 294
ASP.NET Management Notes ......................................................................................... 294
Migration Notes ............................................................................................................... 294
Recovery Notes ............................................................................................................... 295
Migrating Serv-U to MS-FTP ..................................................................................................... 295
Step 1. Create a User Account and User FTP Accounts in IIS FTP ............................... 296
Step 2. Reset NTFS Permissions .................................................................................... 298
Step 3. Recover Winbox quota ........................................................................................ 299
Step 4. Reset Anonymous Access for All User Domains in IIS ...................................... 300
Preparing Servers for MS Exchange Hosting (Hosted Messaging and Collaboration 3.0) ....... 301
Step 1. Install Required Software on the Servers ........................................................... 302
Step 2. Deploy Hosted Messaging and Collaboration..................................................... 304
Step 3. Install WS Exchange Provider Adapter Namespace .......................................... 315
Step 4. Create Reseller Organization Unit ...................................................................... 316
Preparing Servers for MS Exchange Hosting (Hosted Messaging and Collaboration 3.5) ....... 318
Preface 9
Step 1. Install Required Software on the Servers ........................................................... 319
Step 2. Deploy Hosted Messaging and Collaboration..................................................... 321
Step 3. Install WS Exchange Provider Adapter Namespace .......................................... 327
Step 4. Create Reseller Organization Unit ...................................................................... 328
Calculating Winbox Traffic ......................................................................................................... 330
Creating Mail Plan on MPS Server ............................................................................................ 331
Microsoft SQL Server 334
Installing Microsoft SQL 2000 Server ........................................................................................ 335
Installing Microsoft SQL 2005 Server ........................................................................................ 336
Moving MS SQL Databases Across Servers ............................................................................. 337
Moving MS SQL Databases to a New Location ........................................................................ 338
Virtual Private Servers 344
Configuration Parameters .......................................................................................................... 344
VPS Scripts ................................................................................................................................ 346
Perl Modules Used by VPS Scripts ................................................................................. 347
VPS Configuration ........................................................................................................... 348
Create VPS ...................................................................................................................... 349
Migrate VPS .................................................................................................................... 351
Delete VPS ...................................................................................................................... 352
VPS Cron Scripts............................................................................................................. 353
VPS Configuration Scripts ............................................................................................... 357
View List of Installed VPS‟s ............................................................................................. 360
Install/Uninstall Additional Packages .............................................................................. 361
Check VPS Files for Changes ......................................................................................... 363
VPS IP Migration Tool ..................................................................................................... 365
VPS Network Configuration Tools ................................................................................... 366
Device Management ....................................................................................................... 369
Backing Up VPS Content .......................................................................................................... 372
Adding VPS Network Gateways ................................................................................................ 373
VPS Subnet XML Configuration ...................................................................................... 374
Parallels H-Sphere VPS Configuration Parameters .................................................................. 375
VPS Templates .......................................................................................................................... 381
Creating and Modifying VPS Templates ......................................................................... 382
Default Templates ........................................................................................................... 384
VPS Limits ................................................................................................................................. 388
Hints On Handling VPS Limits ......................................................................................... 390
Changing VPS Solution ............................................................................................................. 391
Changing Solution from Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel ............................................ 391
Changing Solution from Console..................................................................................... 392
Changing Solution from Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel ............................................ 393
Configuring VPS Host ................................................................................................................ 394
Customizing Operating System Distributive URLs .................................................................... 398
Dedicated Servers 399
Configuring MRTG ..................................................................................................................... 400
Managing MRTG Service ................................................................................................ 400
Configuration Directory and File ...................................................................................... 400
Scripts Processing Data .................................................................................................. 400
RRD Files ........................................................................................................................ 401
The Problem with Calculating Large (>100mbps) Bandwidth Traffic .............................. 401
System Packages 402
Preface 10
Common Packages ................................................................................................................... 402
hsphere-info: Collecting Information About Parallels H-Sphere Servers into XML Configs403
hsphere-update Package ................................................................................................ 404
upackages Syntax ........................................................................................................... 404
Parallels H-Sphere Perl Modules .................................................................................... 406
Parallels H-Sphere Apache ............................................................................................. 410
Parallels H-Sphere PHP .................................................................................................. 421
Parallels SiteStudio Packages ................................................................................................... 431
Load Balancing 432
Load Balancers................................................................................................................ 434
Supported NAS................................................................................................................ 434
Load Balanced Cluster .................................................................................................... 434
Implementation of Load Balanced Cluster in Parallels H-Sphere ............................................. 435
Load Balanced Cluster in CP .......................................................................................... 436
Distribution of Requests Across Load Balanced Cluster ................................................ 436
Shared Content ............................................................................................................... 436
Specific Master/Slave Content ........................................................................................ 437
Synchronization Between Master and Slave Servers ..................................................... 437
Traffic Calculation ............................................................................................................ 438
Load Balanced Cluster Map ............................................................................................ 439
NAT Configuration for Load Balanced Clusters .............................................................. 440
Load Balancing Support in Parallels H-Sphere ......................................................................... 441
Installing Load Balanced Web/Mail Clusters in Parallels H-Sphere .......................................... 441
Step 1. Install and Configure Load Balancer ................................................................... 442
Step 2. Prepare NAS ....................................................................................................... 443
Step 3. Prepare Master and Slave Web/Mail Boxes ....................................................... 448
Step 4. Install Parallels H-Sphere to Load Balanced Parallels H-Sphere Clusters ........ 450
Quota Managers ........................................................................................................................ 451
Resources Migration 452
Migratable Resources ..................................................................................................... 452
Migration Procedure .................................................................................................................. 453
Step 1. Create XML File Containing User Data .............................................................. 453
Data Type Definitions ...................................................................................................... 456
DTD Chart ....................................................................................................................... 456
Attributes Description ...................................................................................................... 457
Files ................................................................................................................................. 458
XML Validation ................................................................................................................ 459
Step 2. Create XML File Containing Reseller Plan Data ................................................ 459
Step 3. Prepare The Target Control Panel ...................................................................... 465
Step 4. Create Reseller Plans ......................................................................................... 465
Step 5. Create Resellers ................................................................................................. 465
Step 6. Create End Users ............................................................................................... 466
Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 466
Backup and Recovery 467
Backing Up Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel Server .............................................................. 468
System DB Dump ............................................................................................................ 469
Parallels H-Sphere Backup and Recovery List ......................................................................... 469
Recovering Parallels H-Sphere Control Panel .......................................................................... 471
Step 1. Prepare for the Recovery .................................................................................... 471
Step 2. Recover System Data ......................................................................................... 471
Files and Directories To Be Recovered .......................................................................... 472
Recovering Unix Hosted Parallels H-Sphere Servers ............................................................... 473
Preface 11
Step 1. Prepare Crashed Server for Recovery ............................................................... 474
Step 2. Run Parallels H-Sphere Updater ........................................................................ 474
Step 3. Run the Recovery Tool ....................................................................................... 474
Step 4. Restore User Content ......................................................................................... 475
Restoring Files and Directories from Backup ............................................................................ 476
Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere System Database From Backup .......................................... 476
Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere Database on a Server with PostgreSQL Not Installed478
Restoring the Parallels H-Sphere Database Content if PostgreSQL Is Installed: ........... 479
Fixing Crashed Parallels H-Sphere Database ........................................................................... 480
Backing Up Winbox ................................................................................................................... 482
Backing Up the Metabase ............................................................................................... 482
Backing Up MS SQL Databases ..................................................................................... 482
Backing Up User Content ................................................................................................ 483
Recovering Winbox.................................................................................................................... 483
Step 1. Back Up User Content ........................................................................................ 484
Step 2. Install Parallels H-Sphere ................................................................................... 484
Step 3. Set Up Dedicated IPs .......................................................................................... 485
Step 4. Prepare Target Winbox for Physical Creator ...................................................... 485
Step 5. Run PhysicalCreator on the CP Box ................................................................... 486
Step 6. Restore Content from Backup ............................................................................ 487
Step 7. Install Shared SSL .............................................................................................. 488
Step 8. Set Correct NTFS Permissions and Owner for the Home Directory .................. 489
Recovering Winbox Quota ......................................................................................................... 490
Miva 491
Miva Installation for *nix ............................................................................................................. 491
Requirements .................................................................................................................. 491
Miva Empresa Installation ............................................................................................... 492
Miva Merchant Installation ............................................................................................... 495
Miva Installation for Windows .................................................................................................... 496
Updating Miva 4 to Miva 5 ......................................................................................................... 497
Urchin 498
Urchin4 & Urchin5 Installation for Unix ...................................................................................... 499
Urchin4 & Urchin5 Installation for Windows .............................................................................. 501
Urchin 4 And Urchin 5 Database Utilities .................................................................................. 502
Urchin Database Utilities ................................................................................................. 502
Urchin Database Tables .................................................................................................. 502
RealServer 505
RealServer Installation for Unix ................................................................................................. 506
RealServer Installation for Windows .......................................................................................... 512
RealServer Config File Example ............................................................................................... 512
In this chapter:
Typographical Conventions ............................................................................... 12
Feedback .......................................................................................................... 13
Formatting convention
Type of Information
Example
Special Bold
Items you must select,
such as menu options,
command buttons, or
items in a list.
Go to the System tab.
Titles of chapters,
sections, and
subsections.
Read the Basic
Administration chapter.
Italics
Used to emphasize the
importance of a point, to
introduce a term or to
designate a command
line placeholder, which is
to be replaced with a real
name or value.
The system supports the
so called wildcard
character search.
Monospace
The names of
commands, files,
directories, and domain
names.
The license file is located
in the
http://docs/common/
licenses directory.
C H A P T E R 1
Preface
Typographical Conventions
Before you start using this guide, it is important to understand the documentation
conventions used in it.
The following kinds of formatting in the text identify special information.
Preface 13
Preformatted
On-screen computer
output in your commandline sessions; source
code in XML, C++, or
other programming
languages.
# ls –al /files
total 14470
Preformatted
Bold
What you type,
contrasted with on-screen
computer output.
# cd /root/rpms/php
CAPITALS
Names of keys on the
keyboard.
SHIFT, CTRL, ALT
KEY+KEY
Key combinations for
which the user must
press and hold down one
key and then press
another.
CTRL+P, ALT+F4
Feedback
If you have found a mistake in this guide, or if you have suggestions or ideas on how to
improve this guide, please send your feedback using the online form at
http://www.parallels.com/en/support/usersdoc/. Please include in your report the
guide‟s title, chapter and section titles, and the fragment of text in which you have found
an error.
Welcome to the Parallels H-Sphere System Administrator Guide. It aims at system
C H A P T E R 2
About This Guide
administrators and explains how to install, configure and maintain Parallels H-Sphere
and its components.
This document explains how to shape your Parallels H-Sphere cluster, add boxes and
C H A P T E R 3
Pre-configuration Wizard
hosting services and configure basic Parallels H-Sphere settings after Control Panel
installation.
16 Pre-configuration Wizard
Parallels H-Sphere Pre-Configuration Wizard writes the cluster configuration into the
specially formatted config.xml file (download sample config.xml from
http://hsphere.parallels.com/HSdocumentation/xmls/config.xml). The Configuration File
form on the main page enables you to:
Import: You upload the prepared XML file from a local machine to Parallels H-
Sphere and later reconfigure Parallels H-Sphere in the wizard.
Export: export config.xml with your Parallels H-Sphere cluster configuration to
your local machine.
Restore to Default: choose this option to recreate config.xml and to restart
configuring Parallels H-Sphere cluster in the wizard.
To complete the pre-configuration wizard:
1 Click the Edit General Settings icon on the right corner of the General
Settings caption and fill in the data on the page that appears:
System Domain: Specify the service domain name here.
One Server Installation: check this box if you need a single server installation.
Use NAT IP mapping: Check this box if you implement NAT (on page 30) on your
Parallels H-Sphere.
Press Submit and return to the main page of the wizard.
2 If you choose multiple server installation mode, you will see the Add
Physical Server icon on the right corner of the Physical Servers caption.
Click this icon and proceed to the form for adding new physical
servers and services.
Here you set physical server name, IP, root password to connect to, and choose
which hosting services (CP, Web, mail, DNS, MySQL, PostgreSQL) will be installed
there.
Note: At the moment, VPS, Windows, MRTG are not installed via Parallels HSphere pre-configuration wizard.
Choose Use defaults for this server to apply default names for Parallels H-Sphere
logical servers on this server. By default, they are named webN, mailN, nsN, mailN,
mysqlN, respectively.
3 After you have added physical servers into Parallels H-Sphere cluster,
you will see them on the main page of the wizard.
Click the Edit icon in front of a physical server in the list and edit logical server
parameters. More on Logical Servers read in Parallels H-Sphere Service
Administrator Guide.
4 After you have done with Parallels H-Sphere configuration, press
Proceed Installation Wizard.
5 You will be taken to the Confirm Installation page. To complete
installation via CP web interface, click Yes, continue
6 On the page that appears check the servers you want to be
updated/installed and click Start.
To see the update log, click the server name link.
Pre-configuration Wizard 17
7 When update is finished and the light turns green, click Proceed to
In this chapter:
Parallels H-Sphere config.xml ........................................................................... 18
complete installation.
8 On the page that appears, click Return to Admin CP.
You will be taken to the administrator control panel where you can maintain your
hosting business.
18 Pre-configuration Wizard
Parallels H-Sphere config.xml
The config.xml file is used in Parallels H-Sphere Pre-configuration Wizard (on page 15).
It contains Parallels H-Sphere cluster configuration: physical servers with their IPs and
root passwords to install Parallels H-Sphere to, and logical servers to be installed on
these boxes.
During regular Parallels H-Sphere installation, config.xml is formed in Parallels HSphere Pre-Configuration wizard in admin CP and is temporarily stored in the
~cpanel/.settings directory. After completing Parallels H- Sphere installation in
the postinstall mode, installer removes this file. However, the postinstall mode
won‟t continue if config.xml is missing or is different from the one used at the
installation.
When installer runs in the install mode, it is required that you specify location of the
correctly formed config.xml. See Appendix B. Installation Script Options of Parallels HSphere Control Panel Installation Guide.
Elements and Attributes
In the following chart xml elements are marked in bold and their attributes—in italics.
physicalServers - a list of Parallels H-Sphere physical servers, each of them
described as physicalServer with attributes:
id - id of the physical server
name - name of the physical server
password - root password to the physical server Each physicalServer contains ip
and logicalServers elements:
ip - server IP with attribute:
type - type of the physical server
Element ip contains such child elements:
addr - IP address
ipExt - external IP for NAT mapping
Note: If Parallels H-Sphere does not use NAT, this child element is redundant.
mask - IP mask
logicalServers - a list of Parallels H-Sphere logical servers each of them described
as logicalServer with attributes:
group - group of the logical server
id -id of the logical server
name - name of the logical server
Pre-configuration Wizard 19
Each logicalServer element contains ips element - a list of IPs, each of them
described as ip with the following child elements:
addr - IP address
ipExt - external IP for NAT mapping
Note: If Parallels H-Sphere does not use NAT this child element is redundant.
mask - IP mask
systemzone - a Parallels H-Sphere DNS zone
hsversion - a Parallels H-Sphere version
This chapter lists various types of software used in Parallels H-Sphere.
In this chapter:
Integrated Third Party Products ......................................................................... 21
Supplementary Software ................................................................................... 23
Used Libraries and Technologies ...................................................................... 24
C H A P T E R 4
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 21
Integrated Third Party Products
Even though we integrate or use the below products in Parallels H-Sphere, we do not
assume any responsibility for bugs in their source code. Should you have any problems
with these products, please contact the developers. The packages are listed in the
alphabetical order.
BS Counter http://www.stanback.net/programming/bscounter
”This is a web hit counter/tracker written in Perl, features include: blocking of multiple
hits from the same user, insertion of commas, text-based or graphical modes, supports
multiple counters from the same script, and tracks users‟ browsers, operating systems,
locations, top 20 referrers, and top 20 search engine keywords. (requires SSI OR
GD.pm)”
ezmlm http://www.ezmlm.org
”ezmlm is a modern mailing list manager. Its purpose is to efficiently send a message to
a large number of recipients with minimal delay. It allows automated additions and
subtractions from the subscriber database. In addition, it may keep an archive of
messages. It can also impose restrictions on what may be sent or retrieved and by
whom. Some mailing list managers keep a database of subscriber information and
tailor the message specifically for each subscriber. ezmlm sends the same message to
all subscribers. This is much more efficient. The benefits to the user are that on
average posts to ezmlm lists reach subscribers much faster than they would with other
mailing list manager.”
FormMail http://www.scriptarchive.com/formmail.html
”FormMail is a generic WWW form to e-mail gateway, which will parse the results of
any form and send them to the specified user. This script has many formatting and
operational options, most of which can be specified through the form, meaning you
don‟t need any programming knowledge or multiple scripts for multiple forms. This also
makes FormMail a perfect system-wide solution for allowing users form-based user
feedback capabilities without the risks of allowing freedom of CGI access.”
Miva Merchant http://www.miva.com
”Miva Merchant is a dynamic browser based storefront development and management
system that allows merchants to create and administrate multiple online stores from
anywhere in the world.”
mnoGoSearch http://www.mnogosearch.org/
”mnoGoSearch (formerly known as UdmSearch) is a full-featured web search engine
software for intranet and internet servers. mnoGoSearch software has a number of
unique features, which makes it appropriate for a wide range of applications from
search within your site to specialized search systems such as cooking recipes or
newspaper searches, ftp archive search, MP3 search, news articles search or even
national-wide portal search engine.”
ModLogAn http://jan.kneschke.de/projects/modlogan/
”ModLogAn is a modular logfile analyzer which is able to analyze logfiles from 15
different server types.”
22 Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere
MySQL http://www.mysql.com
”MySQL is the world‟s most popular open source database, recognized for its speed
and reliability.”
OpenSSL http://www.openssl.org
”The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust, commercial-grade,
full-featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL
v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) protocols as well as a full-strength
general purpose cryptography library managed by a worldwide community of volunteers
that use the Internet to communicate, plan, and develop the OpenSSL toolkit and its
related documentation.” Parallels H-Sphere uses system OpenSSL packages. Make
sure you keep them updated. OpenSSL packages are upgraded as any other system
packages.
osCommerce http://www.oscommerce.com
”osCommerce is an online shop e-commerce solution under on going development by
the open source community. Its feature packed out-of-the-box installation allows store
owners to setup, run, and maintain their online stores with minimum effort and with
absolutely no costs or license fees involved.”
phpBB http://www.phpbb.com
”phpBB is a high powered, fully scalable, and highly customisable open-source bulletin
board package. phpBB has a user-friendly interface, simple and straightforward
administration panel, and helpful FAQ. Based on the powerful PHP server language
and your choice of MySQL, MS-SQL, PostgreSQL or Access/ODBC database servers,
phpBB is the ideal free community solution for all web sites.”
phpMyAdmin http://www.phpmyadmin.net
”phpMyAdmin is a tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of MySQL
over the WWW. Currently it can create and drop databases, create/drop/alter tables,
delete/edit/add fields, execute any SQL statement, manage keys on fields.”
Urchin http://www.urchin.com
”Urchin is the fastest and most accurate web analytics (web statistics) software
available.” It is a commercial product and is available for Windows 2000, Linux RedHat,
and FreeBSD platforms.”
WebBBS http://www.extropia.com/scripts/bbs.html
”eXtropia WebBBS allows a user to post messages as well as post replies to existing
messages. WebBBS keeps track of which messages are posts and which ones are
replies and displays them in a hierarchical tree-like fashion. Posts that start new topics
are at the top of each tree, and the replies are shown indented beneath the original
posts.”
WebChat http://www.extropia.com/opensource.html
”eXtropia WebChat is a useful application that allows a number of people on the World
Wide Web to talk to one another simultaneously. The ability to chat on the Web can be
a quick way to hold a virtual meeting.”
Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere 23
WebGuestbook http://www.extropia.com/opensource.html
eXtropia WebGuestbook is “configurable so that you can specify what your guestbook
file looks like and how the script-generated responses are displayed. If configured to do
so, WebGuestbook will email the guestbook administrator the text of new entries as
well as add them to the guestbook. The script will also respond to new entrants with a
configurable “Thank you” message... Finally, the application comes with the capability
of „four letter word‟ filtering for a child-safe guestbook. You can censor words by adding
them to a list of „bad words‟.”
Webalizer http://www.mrunix.net/webalizer/
”The Webalizer is a fast, free web server log file analysis program. It produces highly
detailed, easily configurable usage reports in HTML format, for viewing with a standard
web browser.”
Supplementary Software
Apache http://www.apache.org/
The Apache web-server is used as the back-end for all of PSoft applications running on
the Unix platform. More information about configuring and maintaining Apache is
available at the Apache project site.
Postgresql http://www.postgresql.org/
While our products are designed to work with any SQL-compliant database server,
PostgreSQL is the server we use for internal development and testing. Their website
not only explains how to properly set up this free database, but also has some
information about SQL in general.
ProFTPD http://proftpd.net
”Highly configurable GPL-licensed FTP server software.”
qmail http://www.qmail.org/top.html
”qmail is a secure, reliable, efficient, simple message transfer agent. It is designed for
typical Internet-connected UNIX hosts. As of October 2001, qmail is the second most
common SMTP server on the Internet, and has by far the fastest growth of any SMTP
server.”
vpopmail http://www.inter7.com/vpopmail.html
”vpopmail (vchkpw) is a collection of programs and a library to automate the creation
and maintenance of virtual domain email configurations for qmail installations using
either a single UID/GID or any valid UID/GID in /etc/passwd with a home directory.
Features are provided in the library for other applications which need to maintain virtual
domain email accounts. It supports named or IP-based domains. It works with vqadmin,
qmailadmin, vqregister, sqwebmail, and courier-imap. It supports MySQL, Sybase,
Oracle, LDAP, and file-based (DJB constant database) authentication. It supports
SMTP authentication combined with the qmail-smtp-auth patch. It supports user quotas
and roaming users (SMTP relay after POP authentication).”
24 Software Used in Parallels H-Sphere
Used Libraries and Technologies
CGI http://cgi.resourceindex.com
Freemarker http://freemarker.sourceforge.net
Positive Software uses Freemarker 1.5.1 template format for Parallels H-Sphere and
Parallels SiteStudio. Please refer to this site for detailed information about the format
and capabilities of Freemarker.
HTML http://developer.netscape.com
Java 1.4 http://www.javasoft.com/
Perl http://www.perl.org/
PHP http://www.php.net/ and http://www.zend.com/
XML http://www.oasis-open.org/
We do not recommend major OS updates that result in changing of OSCODE (refer to
In this chapter:
Updating FreeBSD Kernel ................................................................................. 26
Updating Linux .................................................................................................. 26
C H A P T E R 5
Update of Operating Systems
Appendix D of Parallels H-Sphere Installation Guide). Rather, perform server migration.
You can have it done by Parallels H-Sphere support team,
http://www.parallels.com/support/hsphere/, or migrate servers by yourself using the
following manuals:
Moving Mail Service (on page 204)
Moving DNS (on page 223)
Moving MySQL (on page 238)
Moving CP Server (on page 117)
However, if you did update your OS to another major version, delete the file
/hsphere/shared/bin/oscode.
26 Update of Operating Systems
Updating FreeBSD Kernel
Parallels H-Sphere requires that FreeBSD kernel be compiled with quota enabled.
To update kernel on a FreeBSD server in an Parallels H-Sphere cluster:
1 Download and install FreeBSD kernel sources.
2 Under root, change directory to /usr/src/sys/i386/conf, where
the kernel source is located:
# cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
3 In this directory, you will have the default GENERIC kernel
configuration file, and, if the custom kernel compilation has been
performed, a custom kernel configuration file, for example MYKERNEL.
4 Open your current kernel configuration file (for example MYKERNEL)
and add the line:
options QUOTA
Important: We don‟t recommend modifying the default GENERIC file. Instead, copy
its content to a custom file (like MYKERNEL) and perform modifications there!
5 Compile and install the kernel:
# /usr/sbin/config MYKERNEL
# cd ../../compile/MYKERNEL
# make depend
# make
# make install
6 Reboot FreeBSD server to activate the new kernel settings.
For more information, see generic instructions on Building and Installing a
Custom Kernel (http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-
1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-building.html).
Updating Linux
When you update Linux automatically by means of up2date (on page 28), apt-get (on
page 28), SWUP, yum (http://linux.duke.edu/projects/yum/) or other RPM updaters, you
must beforehand exclude some packages installed with Parallels H-Sphere from the
update list:
rh-postgres, postgresql, postgresql-server, postgresql-libs on CP and user
postgresql boxes
apache and apache-related packages on Parallels H-Sphere CP, WEB and MAIL
boxes
proftpd, frontpage and related packages on Parallels H-Sphere WEB boxes
Update of Operating Systems 27
qmail, vpopmail, ezmlm, sqwebmail and related packages on Parallels H-Sphere
In this section:
Linux Up2Date .................................................................................................. 28
Linux Apt-Get .................................................................................................... 28
MAIL boxes
bind and related packages on Parallels H-Sphere DNS boxes
XFree86 or xorg-x11 packages on CP. XFree86-deprecated-libs (or xorg-x11-
deprecated-libs) with dependences should be installed. This is critical particularly for
Parallels SiteStudio.
MySQL-server on Parallels H-Sphere MAIL and MySQL boxes
Please note that these packages are also to be removed while preparing servers to
Parallels H-Sphere installation.
If you have accidentally upgraded your RedHat without excluding these packages, you
need to downgrade PostgreSQL (on page 252).
28 Update of Operating Systems
Linux Up2Date
The up2date utility is used to upgrade the Linux Kernel on RedHat. For generic
information on up2date, please read Upgrading the Linux Kernel on Red Hat Linux
Systems (http://www.redhat.com/support/resources/howto/kernel-upgrade/).
Prior to updating your Linux with the up2date procedure, make sure you exclude
specific Parallels H-Sphere related services (on page 26) from the list of packages to
be updated.
Linux Apt-Get
Since the up2date (on page 28) utility has become a paid service by RedHat
(http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/RHNetwork/ref-guide/up2date.html), you may
use the free apt-get utility instead.
APT-RPM is a port of Debian‟s apt tools to a RPM based distribution. apt-get is an
advanced package management utility front-end to easily perform package installation,
upgrading and removal. Dependencies are automatically handled, so if you try to install
a package that needs others to be installed, it will download all needed packages and
install them. More information on apt-get can be found at http://apt.freshrpms.net/ or
http://pt-rpm.tuxfamily.org/.
Prior to updating your OS packages with apt-get, make sure you exclude specific
Parallels H-Sphere-related services (on page 26) from the apt-get configuration.
To exclude these packages, modify the corresponding part of your
/etc/apt/apt.conf file, similar to this:
// Completely ignore the following packages (not regexp)
// Ignore { };
Ignore { “bind-utils”; };
// Do not try to update the following packages
// Hold { };
Hold {
”rh-postgres*”;
”postgresql*”;
”apache*”;
”proftp*”;
”qmail*”;
”vpopmail*”;
”ezmlm*”;
”sendmail*”;
”bind*”;
”XFree86-base-fonts*”;
”XFree86-font-utils*”;
”XFree86-libs*”;
”XFree86-libs-data*”;
”XFree86-xfs*”;
”XFree86-Xvfb*”;
MySQL*};
Update of Operating Systems 29
Parallels H-Sphere supports NAT (Network Address Translation) which allows you to
C H A P T E R 6
Network Address Translation (NAT)
use internal IPs in your local area network. When configuring Parallels H-Sphere, use
internal IPs in all instances, and Parallels H-Sphere will convert them into external IPs
for the DNS settings and control panel web interface.
To enable NAT support in Parallels H-Sphere:
1 Log into Control Panel server as cpanel user:
1. Log in as root first:
$ su -
2. Log in as the cpanel user:
# su -l cpanel
2 Create the ips-map.xml file in the
~cpanel/shiva/psoft_config/ directory in the following format:
<ips>
<ip ext=”external_ip” int=”internal_ip”/>
. . .
</ips>
Example:
<ips>
<ip ext=”65.219.197.236” int=”192.168.1.27”/>
<ip ext=”65.219.197.237” int=”192.168.1.28”/>
<ip ext=”65.219.197.238” int=”192.168.1.29”/>
<ip ext=”65.219.197.239” int=”192.168.1.30”/>
<ip ext=”65.219.197.242” int=”192.168.1.31”/>
<ip ext=”65.219.197.243” int=”192.168.1.32”/>
<ip ext=”65.219.197.244” int=”192.168.1.33”/>
</ips>
3 Set the following record in
~cpanel/shiva/psoft_config/hsphere.properties:
IPS-XML-FILENAME =
/hsphere/local/home/cpanel/shiva/psoft_config/ips-map.xml
4 Restart Parallels H-Sphere to apply changes. To do this, run under
root:
For Linux:
/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpdcp stop
killall -9 java
sleep 10
/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpdcp start
Loading...