XR 3700 Real-Time
X-Ray Inspection System
(PN 8007-0542, 120V)
(PN 8007-0546, 230V)
XR 3500 Real-Time
X-Ray Inspection System
(PN 8007-0540, 120V)
(PN 8007-0544, 230V)
This manual operation is for PACE’s XR 3500 50kv unit and
PACE’s XR 3700 70kv unit.
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Table of Contents
XR 3700 Safety Information……………………………………………3
Radiation Safety Information……………………………………...…..4
Radiation Safety Guidelines…………………………………..….…...6
XR 3700 Specifications…………………………………………….......7
Features……………………………………………………………...……7
System Operation…...…………………………….…………………….8
Set-up……………………………………………………………………...9
XR 3700 Initial Power-up and Operational Test……………………10
XR 3700 Maintenance…………………………………………………..11
XR 3700 Troubleshooting……………………………………………...12
Design Safety Standards and Safe Operating Practices………...13
Service and Warranty…………………………………………………...15
Page
PACE contact information and trademarks………………………...16
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1. XR 3500/3700 Safety Information
IMPORTANT: READ THIS FIRST
It is essential that the operator of the XR 3500/3700 read and understand
the following safety warnings PRIOR to operation.
The XR 3500/3700 is designed to provide safe and efficient operation.
However, any equipment producing ionizing radiation (X-rays) must be
considered hazardous and should be treated accordingly. When
operating this equipment, observe the following:
PACE strongly recommends that all maintenance be performed by
a qualified service technician.
The XR 3700 x-ray tube produces high voltages of up to 70,000
volts. The XR 3500 X-ray tube produces high voltages of up to
50,000 volts. Under no circumstances should the case be
disassembled or modified as severe electrical shock may occur.
The XR 3500/3700 is designed to ensure adequate radiation
shielding. Even so, always be aware that the ionizing radiation (xrays) can constitute a distinct hazard if not employed in strict
accordance with instructions provided in this manual for maximum
operator safety.
Exposure to excessive quantities of radiation can be dangerous to
your health. Avoid not only direct radiation exposure, but also to
secondary or scattered radiation which occurs when an x-ray beam
strikes or has passed through any material.
Do not insert any part of the body into the inspection chamber while
x-rays are on. Although the XR 3500/3700 operates at a low x-ray
dose, unnecessary radiation exposure should be avoided. If an
item becomes jammed or lodged in the inspection area, the XR
3500/3700 should be turned off before any attempt is made to clear
the inspection chamber.
PACE strongly recommends that all personnel operating the XR
3500/3700 wear a radiation film dosimeter badge. This badge
records an exposure history for the operator and acts as a constant
reminder to the operator to use caution and safe work practices
when operating the XR 3500/3700.
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The radiation exposure dosage received by personnel working with
x-ray inspection equipment should not exceed those limits set by
local regulations relating to ionizing radiation.
Adequate warning signs and symbols should be displayed in the
vicinity of the XR 3500/3700 warning of possible x-ray exposure.
Any warning lamps and signals should be checked prior to
operating the XR 3500/3700.
The electrical circuits of the XR 3500/3700, although enclosed for
operator protection, must be considered as a potential hazard.
Strict observance of safety practices pertaining to operation and
maintenance is essential. Proper electrical grounding must always
be used.
Before operating the XR 3500/3700, all personnel designated or
authorized to operate the unit, as well as those supervising its
operation, should have a full understanding of how it works.
Additionally, they should be familiar with established radiation
safety exposure practices sanctioned by the National Bureau of
Standards Handbook, “X-ray Protection” HB93, pertaining to x-ray
protection.
Service personnel should read this manual and be familiar with its
contents before attempting to adjust or repair this equipment.
2. Radiation Safety Information
Federal, State and Local Radiation Regulations (US ONLY)
This cabinet x-ray system was designed to conform to U.S. and Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) requirements as stated in the Code of
Federal Regulations, Title 21 (21CFR). These requirements (often
referred to as the CDRH or BRH regulations) govern the design and
manufacture of all equipment that produces ionizing radiation. Such
equipment includes television sets and microwave ovens, as well as
cabinet x-ray systems. In fact, the maximum allowable radiation
emission for cabinet x-ray systems is the same as that set for
television sets and microwave ovens.
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Warning: Failure to adhere to the following warnings may
result in exposure to radiation:
Do not operate the x-ray system unless all system components
and features are in good repair.
Never attempt to remove any system component or bypass any
system function.
Several features are included in the system design to provide for
radiation safety. The controls (including key switches), control circuitry,
leaded components (including the leaded acrylic windows), physical
barriers, interlocks, and status and warning indicators each contribute to
overall radiation safety.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA), most state and some local government
agencies typically have specific standards regarding operational safety
and constraints regarding the modification of x-ray systems conforming
to 21CFR (mentioned above).
Typically, an x-ray system must be registered with the appropriate state
agency, by the physical possessor of the system, regardless of the legal
owner. Frequently, registration must occur prior to the x-ray system
being placed into service. Regulations may require initial and periodic
inspections by a government agency or a qualified vendor. In addition,
the regulations may require the implementation of standardized
operating procedures, specialized training, the distribution and use of
exposure monitoring badges and posting of radiation exposure
warnings and other special notices. Radiation safety requirements may
differ slightly from one jurisdiction to another. It is the user’s
responsibility to ensure that the x-ray system is installed and
operated in compliance with all applicable governmental
regulations. Failure to comply may result in substantial penalties.
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3. Radiation Safety Guidelines
To ensure the health and safety of the operator and all others in the
vicinity of operating x-ray inspection equipment, the following guidelines
are recommended for establishing a basic radiation safety program.
Note: Federal, State, and some local government
agencies may have more stringent regulations
concerning the operation and use of equipment that
produces ionizing radiation (x-rays). The requirements
of these governing agencies supersede the
recommendations made by the manufacturer.
1. A copy of the operating instructions should be kept at the
machine at all times.
2. Personnel operating the equipment should be trained in the
proper and safe operation of the machine.
3. Radiation surveys should be performed periodically to ensure
that the amount of radiation being emitted by the machine is
less than 0.5mR/hour. We recommend performing a radiation
survey:
Following initial installation – before placing the x-ray
system into service.
Whenever the x-ray system is relocated.
Whenever the x-ray system receives a strong jolt (e.g.,
being dropped ore than one inch or struck sufficiently
hard to dent or deform the exterior cabinet).
Whenever a leaded component (such as the x-ray
generator, shielding, inspection tunnel curtains, LXDA or
collimator cover) is removed for any reason or period of
time.
Annually – from the date of the most recent radiation
survey
4. All controls and indicators should be checked daily to ensure
proper operation.
5. Do not operate the x-ray system if it is not in good repair. Do
not attempt to remove or bypass any controls (e.g. foot pedals
and key-switches), interlocks, status indicators, leaded
components (including the inspection tunnel curtains) or
physical barriers. In the event of failure or breakage, these
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6. Service of the equipment should only be performed by or under
the instruction of trained PACE personnel.
Many users choose to issue periodic radiation film badges to assure
employees that they are not being exposed to significant levels of
radiation and to provide added assurance that radiation emissions are well
within regulatory limits.
4. XR 3500/3700 Specifications
XR 3500: X-Ray tube: 10-50kv
XR 3700: X-Ray tube: 10-70kv
Power Requirements: 115 VAC, 60 Hz
Color camera: High resolution with 7-40x zoom
Maximum PCB size: 760mm x unlimited mm(30" x unlimited")
Focal spot: 0.2mm (0.008")
Focal spot to image plane distance: 124mm (4.875")
Adjustments: Live or Capture video signal, Frame averaging up to
32000 frames, & Video Gain adjustment
Spatial Resolution: 20lp/mmv
X- Ray Actuation: Foot Pedal
Opening Clearance: 40mm (1.5") 120VAC, 19mm (0.75") 230 VAC
PCB Fixture Device: Standard
Small PCB Carrier: Standard
Dimensions: 394mm H x 457mm W x 585mm D (15.5" H x 18" W x 23" D)
5. Features
Weight: 39 Kg (86lbs.)
Real-time affordable bench top X-Ray Inspection
High Resolution camera with outstanding zoom capability
Images can be viewed, stored and managed through software or viewed
on a stand-alone monitor
Real-time X-Ray image gives you immediate feedback
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6. System Operation
Bare Board
Hole/Pad Offset
BGA Voiding
Leaded Component
Non-Co planarity
Leaded Component
Opens
XR 3500/3700
The XR 3500/3700 Real Time Inspection System is a
powerful tool in the quality control and process verification
of all aspects of microelectronics manufacturing. The XR
3500/3700 provides rapid, real-time x-ray inspection for
production and rework environments. Its self-contained
console design supports easy customizing for numerous
applications, including multi-layer PCBs, small hole
drilling, large back-planes and assemblies with advanced
components, such as BGAs, BGAs and chip-scale
packages.
In bare board applications, it can be used to check for
interlayer shift and drilled hole-to-pad offset. Inspection is
performed following lamination, to determine the
presence and degree of interlayer shifts. At the onset of
either conventional or small hole drilling, inspection is
used to qualify hole-to-pad alignment. In addition to
enhancing product quality, x-ray inspection enables users
to control costs by eliminating defective boards early in
the production process. It can also be used to quality
control incoming boards from vendors or customers so
that defects can be detected before problems occur.
For surface mount components, it is used to verify
lead/pad coplanarity, shorts, opens, and solder bond
quality. It can be used to check resistors and capacitors
as well as IC’s for internal damage and verify adjustments
throughout the placement and reflow processes.
For BGA’s, the XR 3500/3700 can be used to check for
all potential defects including: shorts, opens, misregistration, non-wetting, solder ball voids, and
delamination. X-ray is used to verify proper reflow
profiles for advanced packages, and to control rework
process.
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7. Set Up
A. XR 3500/3700 as a stand-alone inspection station
Place the XR 3500/3700 on a stable work platform of sufficient
capacity to adequately support the XR 3500/3700. The monitor used
to view the images should be placed on the work surface next to the
XR 3500/3700 and not on top of the XR 3500/3700, as it is not
designed to support a monitor and the monitor may fall.
Locate the foot pedal, composite video cable, and power cord. These
should be connected as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: The back of the XR 3500/3700
The other end of the composite bnc cable should be connected to the
composite video input on the video monitor; a bnc-to-RCA converter
might be needed. The power cord should be connected to a properly
grounded 120 VAC power supply.
B. The XR 3500/3700 used with the TF 1700/2700 or IR3000 BGA/CSP
Rework Center
Place the XR 3500/3700 on a stable work platform of sufficient
capacity to adequately support the XR 3500/3700. The work platform
can be the same as the work platform supporting the TF 1700/TF2700,
or may be a separate one as long as it is close enough to allow for the
connection of the composite video cable to the PC.
Locate the foot pedal, composite video cable, and power cord. These
should be connected to the slots in the back of the XR machine
illustrated in figure 1.
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The other end of the composite video cable should be connected to the
composite video input on the video capture card on the PC. See
Figure 2. The power cord should be connected to a properly grounded
120 VAC power supply.
Composite Video Connection
Figure 2: Back of TF 1700/2700 PC or IR 3000.
8. XR 3500/3700 Initial Power-up and Operational Test
The system should be fully set up according to the System Setup Section
before starting these procedures.
1. To turn on the power, turn the key to the ON position. The key is
required to turn on the power and cannot be removed unless the
key has been returned to the off position. The power light should
blinks when the key switch is on and the cover lock is disengaged.
Then when the cover lock is engaged, the power light turns steady.
2. Make sure that there is nothing inside the inspection chamber,
close the cover if open and engage the lock, and depress and hold
the foot pedal. The X-ray will not come on if the cover is not locked
into position. Th e image on the PC or video monitor should change
from a flat light gray image to a brighter, slightly grainy image. This
is the blank x-ray image.
3. Release the foot pedal and the image should return to its original
state. To test the safety interlock circuit, disengage the cover lock,
but DO NOT OPEN THE COVER. Now press the foot pedal and
the red X-ray on light should not illuminate.
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4. Depress the foot pedal again and now look at the control panel.
The red “x-ray on” light should illuminate and remain on for as long
as you hold down the foot switch. Release the foot pedal.
5. Place a component (such as a circuit board) inside the inspection
chamber directly underneath the x-ray tube.
6. Depress and hold the foot switch. The x-ray image of the
component should now be visible.
7. Move the component while the foot switch is depressed. If the
component is large enough to extend beyond the curtains, it is
permissible to move the component while the foot switch is
depressed- AS LONG AS THE CURTAINS DO NOT OPEN
DURING MOTION, AS THIS WILL INCREASE X-RAY LEAKAGE.
The image should move with the component. The image will
display a trail behind the component, which will disappear when the
component has stopped moving. This is a normal occurrence and
is a function of the image processor. The video processor included
with this system is preset to 8 frames averaging. Averaging makes
the x-ray image less grainy and can be adjusted to improve image
quality but with an increase in motion lag.
8. Images may be captured electronically when the XR 3500/3700 is
used with the TF 1700/2700 PC or IR 3000 PC and software.
9. XR 3500/3700 Maintenance
The XR 3500/3700 system has been designed for simple maintenance. The only
suggested maintenance is to keep the unit visibly clean and to keep the system’s
calibration up to date. The window is made of a lead-impregnated acrylic resin;
NEVER allow solvents that will attack acrylic to be used near the window. If you
find that your system is coming close to its calibration date, please contact PACE
to schedule a calibration.
*Your system is now ready for use*
It is very important that you contact PACE early, so that we may schedule
service at a convenient time.
Warning: The acrylic and vinyl around the opening of the XR 3700
contain lead. Always wash your hands immediately after use. Eating and
drinking without washing your hands may cause you to ingest lead. *
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10. Troubleshooting
In the event that your system exhibits problems, this section will familiarize
you with the basic steps to troubleshoot the
problem as well as what information PACE
will require in order to give you the best
possible service.
1. The first step in troubleshooting is that
the system must be completely shut
down and re-started. You can do this
by turning the keyed power switch, located on the front of the
system, to the “Off” position.
2. Turn the power back on.
3. There are three categories that are used to troubleshoot the
system:
Power: The power category covers all problems that include lack
Video: The video category covers the problems that affect the
Quick Tips
The first thing to do is to simply
try and re-start the system. This
can solve most problems right
away.
of power to a component or to the full system. Power
problems would include:
- The system not powering up.
- The x-ray controller’s red light does not turn on.
- The system’s green light does not function.
Do all components power up when the main
power switch is turned on?
Do all power-indicating lamps turn on?
Do all power outputs show the proper voltage?
Is the foot pedal connected?
presence of a video signal from the x-ray camera. Video
problems would include:
- No x-ray image on the monitor, but x-rays are present.
- The image processor on the system does not boot up.
- The x-ray image is fuzzy or out of focus.
Is the video cable attached properly?
Does an X-ray image appear on the monitor when
the foot switch is depressed?
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Does the systems image processor boot up?
Does the X-ray monitor have a light gray screen or
flicker?
X-Ray: The x-ray category covers the problems that affect the
tube’s emission of x-rays. The x-ray category includes:
Does the red “X-ray on” light turn on when the cover lock is engaged and
the footswitch is depressed?
11. Model XR 3500/3700 Design Safety Standards and Safe Operating
Practices
Because of the low operating anode power of the XR 3500/3700, real
time x-ray inspection system, it has been registered with the Center for
Devices and Radiological Health Branch of the FDA as an “Analytical X-
ray System”. As registered, the system has a number of safety features
provided to minimize any x-ray scatter reaching the operator.
A. Safety:
- The red “X-Ray On” light is not turning on.
- There is no image on the monitor, but video signal is
present.
- There are no x-rays being emitted from the x-ray source.
Does an X-ray image appear on the monitor when
the foot pedal is depressed?
The X-Ray tube assembly is lead shielded with at least a ¾ inch space
between collimator and image plane to minimize any x-ray scatter.
The collimator insures that the x-ray beam size at the image plane is
no more than a one-inch diameter circle. The table assembly employs
a lead acrylic view panel and additional lead shielding. The highly
sensitive x-ray camera permits the x-ray tube to operate at low power
(anode voltage of 50/70 kV and anode current of 25 micro amps)
resulting in minimal x-ray scatter. All these safety features result in a
structure with radiation scatter at 5 cm from any exposed surface less
than 0.3 mill Roentgens per hour. (Radiation exposure in an airplane
at 30,000 feet during the day is greater than 0.4 mill Roentgens per
hour.)
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B. Radiation safety precautions for the use of XR 3500/3700 Real
Time X-ray Inspection System:
It is imperative that the XR 3500/3700 be operated only by trained
personnel who are familiar with the basic safety precautions to be
taken when working with x-ray producing equipment.
1. The key to actuate the x-rays should not be left in the equipment
when the equipment is not being used and is unattended.
2. Operators should not place hands under the leaded acrylic
panel in the front.
3. The equipment should not be operated with any panels
removed.
4. Operators should be familiar with the use of the Monitor-4
radiation survey meter.
5. Service of the equipment must be performed by or under the
instruction of trained PACE personnel.
C. Radiation monitoring:
Specific regulations regarding the monitoring of possible radiation
leakage of industrial x-ray cabinets are determined by the individual
state or country. There are a number of measures, which can be taken
to provide a means of cursory monitoring.
D. Radiation survey meters:
Radiation survey meters detect the presence of ionizing radiation and display
a value in units of mR/hr (milli Roentgens per hour). It is generally a good
idea to have, as part of a radiation safety program, a radiation survey meter.
The monitor –4EC survey meter is available from PACE. The Monitor-4EX
employs an energy compensated G-M tube to measure the presence of
radiation. It is calibrated to Cs-137. The Monitor-4EX can be used to detect
any radiation leakage from x-ray systems.
E. Radiation safety training:
PACE can provide or recommend providers of operation and radiation safety
training to ensure that the facility is in compliance with all state and federal
radiation regulations.
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Service and Warranty
Please contact PACE or your local distributor for service and repair
LIMITED WARRANTY
Seller warrants to the first user that products manufactured by it and supplied hereunder are free
of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) years from the date of receipt by
such user. Blowers and motor pumps (which wear out during normal use) are warranted for a
period of one (1) year.
This warranty does not cover wear and tear under normal use, repair or replacement required as
a result of misuse, improper application, mishandling or improper storage. A consumable item
such as tips, heaters, filters, etc. which wear out under normal use are excluded. Failure to
perform recommended routine maintenance, alterations or repairs made other than in accordance
with Seller’s directions, or removal or alteration of identification plates in any way will void this
warranty. This warranty is available only to the first user, but the exclusions and limitations herein
apply to all persons and entities.
SELLER MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND MAKES NO
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Seller will, at its option, repair or replace any defective products at its facility or other location
approved by it at no charge to user, or provides parts without charge for installation by the user in
the field at user’s expense and risk. User will be responsible for all costs of shipping equipment to
Seller or other location for warranty service.
EXCEPT FOR THE REMEDY ABOVE DESCRIBED, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, SELLER WILL HAVE NO OTHER OBLIGATION WITH REGARD TO ANY
BREACH OF WARRANTY OR OTHER CLAIM WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCTS, OR
LIABILITY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL LOSS OR
DAMAGE CAUSED BY OR OCCURRING IN CONNECTION WITH ANY OF THE PRODUCTS.
Warranty service may be obtained by contacting the appropriate PACE Company or local
Authorized PACE distributor as set forth below to determine if return any item is required or, if
repairs can be made, by the user in the field.
Defective products may not be returned to PACE without a Service Authorization (“SA”) Number.
Any warranty or other claim with respect to the products must be made in writing delivered to
PACE (or local Authorized PACE distributor for Buyers outside the USA and the United Kingdom)
within a reasonable time of the expiration date of this warranty with sufficient evidence of
purchase and date of receipt, otherwise user’s rights under this warranty shall be deemed
waived.
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PACE USA
9030 Junction Drive
Annapolis Junction, MD
20701
PACE Europe Limited
11 Holdom Avenue, Bletchley
Milton Keynes
USA MK1 1QU
United Kingdom
Tel: (910) 695-7223
(44) 1908-277666
Fax: (301) 498-3252
(44) 1908-277777
www.paceworldwide.com
PACE Incorporated retains the right to make changes to specifications contained herein at any
time, without notice. Contact your local authorized PACE Distributor or PACE Incorporated to
obtain the latest specifications.
The following are trademarks and/or service marks of PACE, Incorporated, MD, USA.
INSTACAL®, FUMEFLO®, HEATWISE®, PACEWORLDWIDE®, PERMAGROUND®,
POWERMODULE®, and TEMPWISE
®
The following are registered trademarks and/or service marks of PACE Incorporated, Laurel
Maryland U.S.A.
ARM-EVAC®, FLO-D-SODR®, MINIWAVE®, PACE®, SENSATEMP®, SNAPVAC®,
SODRTEK®, SODR-X-TRACTOR®, THERMOFLO®, THERMOJET®, THERMOTWEEZ®, and
VISIFILTER
®
PACE products meet or exceed all applicable military and civilian EOS/ESD, temperature stability
and other specifications including MIL STD 2000, ANSI/JSTD 001, IPC7711, and IPC A-610.
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