Orban OPTIMOD-FM 5518 Operating Manual

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Operating Manual

OPTIMOD-FM

5518

FM Stereo Encoder

Version 1.2 Software

IMPORTANT NOTE: Refer to the unit’s rear panel for your Model Number.

Model Number: Description:

5518 5518 Stereo Encoder. 85-264V operation at 50-60 Hz

via universal switching power supply. Switchable to 50µs or 75µs.

CAUTION:

NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.

TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK).

WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRICAL SHOCK,

DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.

This symbol, wherever it appears, alerts you to

the presence of uninsulated dangerous voltage

inside the enclosure  voltage that may be

sufficient to constitute a risk of shock.

This symbol, wherever it appears, alerts you to important

operating and maintenance instructions in the accompa-

nying literature. Read the manual.

In accordance to the WEEE (waste electrical and electronic equipment) directive of the European Parliament, this product must not be discarded into the municipal waste stream in any of the Member States. This product may be sent back to your Orban dealer at end of life where it will be reused or recycled at no cost to you.

If this product is discarded into an approved municipal WEEE collection site or turned over to an approved WEEE recycler at end of life, your Orban dealer must be notified and supplied with model, serial number and the name and location of site/facility.

Please contact your Orban dealer for further assistance.

www.orban.com

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

All the safety and operating instructions should be read before the appliance is operated.

Retain Instructions: The safety and operation instructions should be retained for future reference.

Heed Warnings: All warnings on the appliance and in the operating instructions should be adhered to.

Follow Instructions: All operation and user instructions should be followed.

Water and Moisture: The appliance should not be used near water (e.g., near a bathtub, washbowl, kitchen sink, laundry tub, in a wet base-

ment, or near a swimming pool, etc.).

Ventilation: The appliance should be situated so that its location or position does not interfere with its proper ventilation. For example, the appli-

ance should not be situated on a bed, sofa, rug, or similar surface that may block the ventilation openings; or, placed in a built-in installation, such as a bookcase or cabinet that may impede the flow of air through the ventilation openings.

Heat: The appliance should be situated away from heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other appliances (including amplifiers)

that produce heat.

Power Sources: The appliance should be connected to a power supply only of the type described in the operating instructions or as marked on

the appliance.

Grounding or Polarization: Precautions should be taken so that the grounding or polarization means of an appliance is not defeated.

Power-Cord Protection: Power-supply cords should be routed so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or

against them, paying particular attention to cords at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the appliance.

Cleaning: The appliance should be cleaned only as recommended by the manufacturer.

Non-Use Periods: The power cord of the appliance should be unplugged from the outlet when left unused for a long period of time.

Object and Liquid Entry: Care should be taken so that objects do not fall and liquids are not spilled into the enclosure through openings.

Damage Requiring Service: The appliance should be serviced by qualified service personnel when: The power supply cord or the plug has

been damaged; or Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the appliance; or The appliance has been exposed to rain; or The appliance does not appear to operate normally or exhibits a marked change in performance; or The appliance has been dropped, or the enclosure damaged.

Servicing: The user should not attempt to service the appliance beyond that described in the operating instructions. All other servicing should be

referred to qualified service personnel.

The Appliance should be used only with a cart or stand that is recommended by the manufacturer.

Safety Instructions (European)

Notice For U.K. Customers If Your Unit Is Equipped With A Power Cord.

WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED.

The cores in the mains lead are coloured in accordance with the following code:

GREEN and YELLOW - Earth BLUE - Neutral BROWN - Live

As colours of the cores in the mains lead of this appliance may not correspond with the coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows:

The core which is coloured green and yellow must be connected to the terminal in the plug marked with the letter E, or with the earth symbol, or coloured green, or green and yellow.

The core which is coloured blue must be connected to the terminal marked N or coloured black.

The core which is coloured brown must be connected to the terminal marked L or coloured red.

The power cord is terminated in a CEE7 / 7 plug (Continental Europe). The green / yellow wire is connected directly to the unit's chassis. If you need to change the plug and if you are qualified to do so, refer to the table below.

WARNING: If the ground is defeated, certain fault conditions in the unit or in the system to which it is connected can result in full line voltage between chassis and earth ground. Severe injury or death can then result if the chassis and earth ground are touched simultaneously.

Conductor WIRE COLOR

Normal Alt

L LIVE BROWN BLACK

N NEUTRAL BLUE WHITE

E EARTH GND GREEN-YELLOW GREEN

AC Power Cord Color Coding

Safety Instructions (German)

Gerät nur an der am Leistungsschild vermerkten Spannung und Stromart betreiben. Sicherungen nur durch solche, gleicher Stromstärke und gleichen Abschaltverhaltens ersetzen. Sicherungen nie überbrücken. Jedwede Beschädigung des Netzkabels vermeiden. Netzkabel nicht knicken oder quetschen. Beim Abziehen des Netzkabels den Stecker und nicht das Kabel enfassen. Beschädigte Netzkabel sofort auswechseln. Gerät und Netzkabel keinen übertriebenen mechanischen Beaspruchungen aussetzen. Um Berührung gefährlicher elektrischer Spannungen zu vermeiden, darf das Gerät nicht geöffnet werden. Im Fall von Betriebsstörungen darf das Gerät nur Von befugten Servicestellen instandgesetzt werden. Im Gerät befinden sich keine, durch den Benutzer reparierbare Teile. Zur Vermeidung von elektrischen Schlägen und Feuer ist das Gerät vor Nässe zu schützen. Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit und Flüssigkeiten in das Gerät vermeiden. Bei Betriebsstörungen bzw. nach Eindringen von Flüssigkeiten oder anderen Gegenständen, das Gerät sofort vom Netz trennen und eine qualifizierte Servicestelle kontaktieren.

Safety Instructions (French)

On s'assurera toujours que la tension et la nature du courant utilisé correspondent bien à ceux indiqués sur la plaque de l'appareil. N'utiliser que des fusibles de même intensité et du même principe de mise hors circuit que les fusibles d'origine. Ne jamais shunter les fusibles. Eviter tout ce qui risque d'endommager le câble seceur. On ne devra ni le plier, ni l'aplatir. Lorsqu'on débranche l'appareil, tirer la fiche et non le câble. Si un câble est endommagé, le remplacer immédiatement. Ne jamais exposer l'appareil ou le câble ä une contrainte mécanique excessive. Pour éviter tout contact averc une tension électrique dangereuse, on n'oouvrira jamais l'appareil. En cas de dysfonctionnement, l'appareil ne peut être réparé que dans un atelier autorisé. Aucun élément de cet appareil ne peut être réparé par l'utilisateur. Pour éviter les risques de décharge électrique et d'incendie, protéger l'appareil de l'humidité. Eviter toute pénétration d'humidité ou fr liquide dans l'appareil. En cas de dysfonctionnement ou si un liquide ou tout autre objet a pénétré dans l'appareil couper aussitôt l'appareil de son alimentation et s'adresser à un point de service aprésvente autorisé.

Safety Instructions (Spanish)

Hacer funcionar el aparato sólo con la tensión y clase de corriente señaladas en la placa indicadora de características. Reemplazar los fusibles sólo por otros de la misma intensidad de corriente y sistema de desconexión. No poner nunca los fusibles en puente. Proteger el cable de alimentación contra toda clase de daños. No doblar o apretar el cable. Al desenchufar, asir el enchufe y no el cable. Sustituir inmediatamente cables dañados. No someter el aparato y el cable de alimentación a esfuerzo mecánico excesivo. Para evitar el contacto con tensiones eléctricas peligrosas, el aparato no debe abrirse. En caso de producirse fallos de funcionamiento, debe ser reparado sólo por talleres de servicio autorizados. En el aparato no se encuentra ninguna pieza que pudiera ser reparada por el usuario. Para evitar descargas eléctricas e incendios, el aparato debe protegerse contra la humedad, impidiendo que penetren ésta o líquidos en el mismo. En caso de producirse fallas de funcionamiento como consecuencia de la penetración de líquidos u otros objetos en el aparato, hay que desconectarlo inmediatamente de la red y ponerse en contacto con un taller de servicio autorizado.

Safety Instructions (Italian)

Far funzionare l'apparecchio solo con la tensione e il tipo di corrente indicati sulla targa riportante i dati sulle prestazioni. Sostituire i dispositivi di protezione (valvole, fusibili ecc.) solo con dispositivi aventi lo stesso amperaggio e lo stesso comportamento di interruzione. Non cavallottare mai i dispositivi di protezione. Evitare qualsiasi danno al cavo di collegamento alla rete. Non piegare o schiacciare il cavo. Per staccare il cavo, tirare la presa e mai il cavo. Sostituire subito i cavi danneggiati. Non esporre l'apparecchio e il cavo ad esagerate sollecitazioni meccaniche. Per evitare il contatto con le tensioni elettriche pericolose, l'apparecchio non deve venir aperto. In caso di anomalie di funzionamento l'apparecchio deve venir riparato solo da centri di servizio autorizzati. Nell'apparecchio non si trovano parti che possano essere riparate dall'utente. Per evitare scosse elettriche o incendi, l'apparecchio va protetto dall'umidità. Evitare che umidità o liquidi entrino nell'apparecchio. In caso di anomalie di funzionamento rispettivamente dopo la penetrazione di liquidi o oggetti nell'apparecchio, staccare immediatamente l'apparecchio dalla rete e contattare un centro di servizio qualificato.

PLEASE READ BEFORE PROCEEDING!

Manual

The Operating Manual contains instructions to verify the proper operation of this unit and initialization of certain options. You will find these operations are most conveniently performed on the bench before you install the unit in the rack.

Please review the Manual, especially the installation section, before unpacking the unit.

Trial Period Precautions

If your unit has been provided on a trial basis:

You should observe the following precautions to avoid reconditioning charges in case you later wish to return the unit to your dealer.

(1) Note the packing technique and save all packing materials. It is not wise to ship in other than the factory carton. (Re-

placements cost $35.00).

(2) Avoid scratching the paint or plating. Set the unit on soft, clean surfaces.

(3) Do not cut the grounding pin from the line cord.

(4) Use care and proper tools in removing and tightening screws to avoid burring the heads.

(5) Use the nylon-washered rack screws supplied, if possible, to avoid damaging the panel. Support the unit when tighten-

ing the screws so that the threads do not scrape the paint inside the slotted holes.

Packing

When you pack the unit for shipping:

(1) Tighten all screws on any barrier strip(s) so the screws do not fall out from vibration. (2) Wrap the unit in its original plastic bag to avoid abrading the paint. (3) Seal the inner and outer cartons with tape.

If you are returning the unit permanently (for credit), be sure to enclose:

 The Manual(s)  The Registration / Warranty Card  The Line Cord  All Miscellaneous Hardware (including the Rack Screws and Keys)  The Extender Card (if applicable)

Your dealer may charge you for any missing items.

If you are returning a unit for repair, do not enclose any of the above items.

Further advice on proper packing and shipping is included in the Manual (see Table of Contents).

Trouble

If you have problems with installation or operation:

(1) Check everything you have done so far against the instructions in the Manual. The information contained therein is

based on our years of experience with 5518 and broadcast stations.

(2) Check the other sections of the Manual (consult the Table of Contents and Index) to see if there might be some sug-

gestions regarding your problem.

(3) After reading the section on Factory Assistance, you may call Orban Customer Service for advice during normal Ari-

zona business hours. The number is (1) (480) 403-8300.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy. If it is not installed and used as directed by this manual, it may cause interference to radio communication. This equipment complies with the limits for a Class A computing device, as specified by FCC Rules, Part 15, subject J, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when this type of equipment is operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference. If it does, the user will be required to eliminate the interference at the user’s expense.

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. (Le present appareil numerique n’emet pas de bruits radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques [de las class A] prescrites dans le Reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique edicte par le ministere des Communications du Canada.)

Perform the installation under static control conditions. Simply walking across a rug can generate a static charge of 20,000 volts. This is the spark or shock you may have felt when touching a doorknob or some other conductive surface. A much smaller static discharge is likely to destroy one or more of the CMOS semiconductors employed in OPTIMOD-FM. Static damage will not be covered under warranty.

There are many common sources of static. Most involve some type of friction between two dissimilar materials. Some examples are combing your hair, sliding across a seat cover or rolling a cart across the floor. Since the threshold of human perception for a static discharge is 3000 volts, you will not even notice many damaging discharges.

Basic damage prevention consists of minimizing generation, discharging any accumulated static charge on your body or workstation, and preventing that discharge from being sent to or through an electronic component. You should use a static grounding strap (grounded through a protective resistor) and a static safe workbench with a conductive surface. This will prevent any buildup of damaging static.

WARNING

IMPORTANT

U.S. patents 6,337,99, 6,434,241 and 6,618,486 protect OPTIMOD-FM 5518. All 5518 software and firmware © Orban.

Orban and 5518 are registered trademarks. All trademarks are property of their respective companies.

This manual was published in August 2014.

8350 East Evans Suite C4, Scottsdale, AZ 85260 USA

Phone: +1 (480) 403-8300; Fax: +1 (480) 403-8302; E-Mail: custserv@orban.com; Site: www.orban.com

Operating Manual

OPTIMOD-FM

5518

FM Stereo Encoder

Version 1.2 Software

Table of Contents

Index.........................................................................................................................0-7

Section 1 Introduction

.........................................................................................................................................1-1

ABOUT THIS MANUAL.......................................................................................................1-1

THE 5518 FM STEREO ENCODER .......................................................................................1-1

Flexible Configuration ............................................................................................1-1

Signal Processing Features ......................................................................................1-2

Controllable .............................................................................................................1-3

PRESETS IN THE 5518........................................................................................................1-4

INPUT/OUTPUT CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................1-5

Digital AES3 Left/Right Input/Output ....................................................................1-5

Analog Left/Right Input/Output.............................................................................1-6

Stereo Analog Baseband Composite Output ........................................................1-6

Subcarriers................................................................................................................1-6

Remote Control Interface .......................................................................................1-7

Computer Interface .................................................................................................1-8

RS-232 Serial Port ............................................................................................................. 1-8

RJ45 Ethernet Connector ................................................................................................. 1-8

Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input..............................................................1-8

LOCATION OF THE 5518....................................................................................................1-9

Optimal Control of Peak Modulation Levels.........................................................1-9

Best Location for the 5518....................................................................................1-10

If the transmitter is not accessible:................................................................................ 1-10

If the transmitter is accessible: ...................................................................................... 1-10

STUDIO-TRANSMITTER LINK.............................................................................................1-11

Transmission from Studio to Transmitter.............................................................1-11

Digital Links .................................................................................................................... 1-11

Composite Baseband Microwave STLs........................................................................... 1-12

Dual Microwave STLs...................................................................................................... 1-13

Analog Landline (PTT/Post Office Line)......................................................................... 1-13

ABOUT TRANSMISSION LEVELS AND METERING ..................................................................1-14

Meters ....................................................................................................................1-14

Studio Line-up Levels and Headroom ..................................................................1-14

Transmission Levels................................................................................................1-15

Fig. 1-1: Absolute Peak Level, VU and PPM Reading.................................................... 1-15

LINE-UP FACILITIES .........................................................................................................1-15

Metering of Levels.................................................................................................1-15

Composite Output Level ................................................................................................ 1-16

Built-in Calibrated Line-up Tones.................................................................................. 1-16

Built-in Calibrated Bypass Test Mode............................................................................ 1-17

PC CONTROL AND SECURITY PASSCODE ............................................................................1-17

WARRANTY, USER FEEDBACK ..........................................................................................1-17

User Feedback........................................................................................................1-17

LIMITED WARRANTY.............................................................................................1-17

INTERNATIONAL WARRANTY...............................................................................1-18

EXTENDED WARRANTY ........................................................................................1-18

Section 2 Installation

.........................................................................................................................................2-1

INSTALLING THE 5518.......................................................................................................2-1

Figure 2-1: AC Line Cord Wire Standard.......................................................................... 2-2

Figure 2-2: Wiring the 25-pin Remote Interface Connector........................................... 2-3

5518 REAR PANEL ...........................................................................................................2-4

INPUT AND OUTPUT CONNECTIONS.....................................................................................2-5

Cable.........................................................................................................................2-5

Connectors ...............................................................................................................2-5

Analog Audio Input.................................................................................................2-6

Analog Audio Output .............................................................................................2-6

AES3 Digital Input and Output...............................................................................2-7

Composite Output and Subcarrier Input ...............................................................2-7

Figure 2-3: Typical Separation vs. load capacitance........................................................2-8

Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input..............................................................2-9

Grounding..............................................................................................................2-10

Power Ground........................................................................................................2-10

Circuit Ground .......................................................................................................2-10

QUICK SETUP.................................................................................................................2-11

ANALOG AND DIGITAL I/O SETUP.....................................................................................2-23

AUTOMATION USING THE 5518’S INTERNAL CLOCK............................................................2-27

SECURITY AND PASSCODE PROGRAMMING.........................................................................2-30

To Create a Passcode: ............................................................................................2-31

To Edit a Passcode:.................................................................................................2-31

To Delete a Passcode: ............................................................................................2-32

To Lock the Front Panel Immediately:..................................................................2-32

To Program local lockout: .....................................................................................2-32

To Unlock the Front Panel: ...................................................................................2-33

Dial-up Networking and the Passcode.................................................................2-33

If You Have Forgotten Your Passcode..................................................................2-33

ADMINISTERING THE 5518 THROUGH ITS SERIAL PORT OR ETHERNET ....................................2-34

Connecting to the 5518’s Ethernet Port or Serial Port via a Terminal Program on

a PC.........................................................................................................................2-34

Direct Control Using PuTTY............................................................................................ 2-35

Automated Control Using PuTTY/Plink..........................................................................2-36

Automated Control Using Netcat ..................................................................................2-37

Administrative Operations Available via the Serial Port ..............................................2-37

Available Commands ......................................................................................................2-37

REMOTE CONTROL INTERFACE PROGRAMMING ..................................................................2-40

NETWORKING AND REMOTE CONTROL..............................................................................2-42

SYNCHRONIZING 5518 TO A NETWORK TIME SERVER .........................................................2-44

INSTALLING 5518 PC REMOTE CONTROL SOFTWARE ..........................................................2-47

Installing the Necessary Windows Services..........................................................2-48

Check Hardware Requirements ............................................................................2-48

Running the Orban Installer Program..................................................................2-49

Setting Up Ethernet, LAN, and VPN Connections ...............................................2-49

Conclusion..............................................................................................................2-50

APPENDIX: SETTING UP SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS .............................................................2-51

Preparing for Communication through Null Modem Cable ..............................2-51

Connecting Using Windows 2000 Direct Serial Connection:..............................2-51

Connecting Using Windows XP Direct Serial Connection ..................................2-56

Connecting Using Windows 7 Direct Serial Connection:....................................2-61

Preparing for Communication through Modems ...............................................2-71

Connecting Using Windows 2000 Modem Connection ......................................2-71

Connecting using Windows XP Modem Connection ..........................................2-77

UPDATING YOUR 5518’S SOFTWARE.................................................................................2-82

SNMP SUPPORT ............................................................................................................2-84

SNMP Network Setup..................................................................................................... 2-84

SNMP Mib file................................................................................................................. 2-84

SNMP Default Settings ................................................................................................... 2-85

SNMP Features................................................................................................................ 2-85

Section 3 Operation

.........................................................................................................................................3-1

5518 FRONT PANEL .........................................................................................................3-1

SIGNAL PROCESSING .........................................................................................................3-2

TO CREATE OR SAVE A USER PRESET ...................................................................................3-3

ITU-R MULTIPLEX POWER CONTROLLER .............................................................................3-4

Figure 3-1: Multiplex Power over 15 Minute Observation Interval with MPX Power

Controller Active, measured at 5518’s Composite Output............................................. 3-4

Multiplex Power Threshold.............................................................................................. 3-5

Setting up the Multiplex Power Control......................................................................... 3-5

SSB STEREO ENCODER OPERATION.....................................................................................3-6

TEST MODES ...................................................................................................................3-7

Table 3-1: Test Modes ...................................................................................................... 3-8

USING THE 5518 PC REMOTE CONTROL SOFTWARE .............................................................3-8

To set up a new connection:...................................................................................3-9

To initiate communication: ...................................................................................3-10

To modify a control setting: .................................................................................3-10

To recall a preset:...................................................................................................3-11

To save a user preset you have created: ..............................................................3-11

To back up User Presets, system files, and automation files onto your computer’s

hard drive:..............................................................................................................3-11

To restore archived presets, system files, and automation files:........................3-12

To modify INPUT/OUTPUT and SYSTEM SETUP: ...........................................................3-13

To modify AUTOMATION: .........................................................................................3-13

To group multiple 5518s: ......................................................................................3-14

Operation Using the Keyboard ............................................................................3-14

To Quit the Program .............................................................................................3-14

About Aliases created by 5518 PC Remote Software .........................................3-14

Multiple Installations of 5518 PC Remote ...........................................................3-15

Section 4 Maintenance

.........................................................................................................................................4-1

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................................4-1

SUBASSEMBLY REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT.......................................................................4-2

FIELD AUDIT OF PERFORMANCE..........................................................................................4-6

Table 4-1: Typical Power Supply Voltages and AC Ripple.............................................. 4-7

Figure 4-1: Typical Frequency Response, 30Hz to 15 kHz............................................... 4-9

Section 5 Troubleshooting

.........................................................................................................................................5-1

PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS...............................................................................5-1

RFI, Hum, Clicks, or Buzzes ............................................................................................... 5-1

Unexpectedly Quiet On-Air Levels ................................................................................... 5-1

Poor Peak Modulation Control ........................................................................................5-2

Unexpected Delay Between the Program Feed and the On-Air Signal .........................5-2

Audible Distortion On-Air ................................................................................................5-2

Whistle on Air, Perhaps Only in Stereo Reception.......................................................... 5-3

Interference from stereo into SCA................................................................................... 5-3

Figure 5-1: Typical 5518 baseband spectrum with heavy processing, 0-100 kHz. .........5-3

Shrill, Harsh Sound............................................................................................................ 5-4

Dull Sound......................................................................................................................... 5-4

System Receiving 5518’s Digital Output Will Not Lock...................................................5-4

19 kHz Frequency Out-of-Tolerance ................................................................................5-4

L–R (Stereo Difference Channel) Will Not Null With Monophonic Input ......................5-4

Security Passcode Lost (When Unit is Locked Out).......................................................... 5-4

Connection Issues between the 5518 and a PC, Modem, or Network ................5-5

Troubleshooting Connections.................................................................................5-5

You Cannot Access the Internet After Making a Direct or Modem Connection to

the 5518: ..................................................................................................................5-6

OS-SPECIFIC TROUBLESHOOTING ADVICE ............................................................................5-6

Troubleshooting Windows 2000 Direct Connect:..................................................5-6

Troubleshooting Windows 2000 Modem Connect:...............................................5-8

Troubleshooting Windows XP Direct Connect: .....................................................5-9

Troubleshooting Windows XP Modem Connect: ................................................5-10

TROUBLESHOOTING IC OPAMPS .......................................................................................5-11

TECHNICAL SUPPORT.......................................................................................................5-11

FACTORY SERVICE...........................................................................................................5-11

SHIPPING INSTRUCTIONS ..................................................................................................5-12

Section 6 Technical Data

.........................................................................................................................................6-1

SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................6-1

Performance.............................................................................................................6-1

Installation ...............................................................................................................6-2

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION........................................................................................................6-5

Overview ..................................................................................................................6-5

Control Circuits ........................................................................................................6-6

User Control Interface and LCD Display Circuits ...................................................6-7

Input Circuits............................................................................................................6-8

Output Circuits.......................................................................................................6-10

DSP Circuit..............................................................................................................6-12

Power Supply .........................................................................................................6-13

ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................6-13

PARTS LIST.....................................................................................................................6-15

Obtaining Spare Parts ...........................................................................................6-15

Control Board ........................................................................................................6-16

Combined Input/Output and DSP (I/O+DSP) Board.............................................6-18

Composite/SCA Daughterboard ...........................................................................6-22

Display Board (Front) ............................................................................................6-22

Display Board (Back)..............................................................................................6-23

SCHEMATICS AND PARTS LOCATOR DRAWINGS...................................................................6-23

Function Description Drawing Page

Chassis

Circuit Board Locator and Basic Interconnections

Control board

Control microprocessor. Services front panel, serial port, Ethernet, and DSP+I/O board.

Contains:

General Purpose bus, address decoder, I/O+DSP interface

I/O+DSP Board

Memory and clock generation Schematic 2 of 5 Ethernet Schematic 3 of 5 Miscellaneous input/output Schematic 4 of 5 Power and Ground Schematic 5 of 5

Analog Input/output AES3 Input/output DSP Chips; Local regulators.

Contains: Interconnects Schematic 1 of 12 6-35 L and R Analog Inputs Schematic 2 of 12 6-36 L and R Analog Outputs Schematic 3 of 12 6-37 Composite And Pilot Reference

Signal Generators

Composite/SCA Daughterboard Schematic & Parts

Digital I/O & Sync Input Schematic 5 of 12 6-40 DSP Enhanced Serial Audio Inter-

face DSP Control Interface Schematic 7 of 12 6-42 DSP External Memory Control In-

terface DSP Power and Ground Schematic 9 of 12 6-44 I/O Control Interface Schematic 10 of 12 6-45 Clock Generation and CPLD Schematic 11 of 12 6-46 Power Distribution Schematic 12 of 12 6-47

Display Board Front-Panel LCD, LEDs, Buttons,

and Rotary Encoder

Contains: Front of board Schematic 1 of 2 6-49 Rear of board 6-50

DSP Block

Shows signal processing 6-51

Diagram

Top view

6-27

(not to scale) Parts Locator

6-28

Drawing

Schematic 1 of 5

6-29

6-30 6-31 6-32 6-33

Parts Locator

6-34

Drawing

Schematic 4a of 12 6-38

6-39

Locator 4b of 12

Schematic 6 of 12 6-41

Schematic 8 of 12 6-43

Parts Locator

6-48

Drawing

Index

19 K Ref control 2- · 9

5518 FM Stereo Encoder 1- · 1

A/D converter

circuit description 5- · 9 specification 6- · 2

Abbreviations 6- · 13 AC Line Cord Standard 2- · 2 AES/EBU I/O 2- · 7 Analog auto-fallback 2- · 20 analog baseband outputs 1- · 6 analog I/O 1- · 6 analog input

circuit description 6- · 8 ref level, I/O setup 2- · 23

analog input 2- · 6 analog landline 1- · 13 analog output

circuit description 6- · 10

analog output 2- · 6 API

adjusting delay time 2- · 38 delay on/off 2- · 38, 39

archiving presets 3- · 11 audio

connections 2- · 5 input, connecting 2- · 6 output 2- · 7 output, connecting 2- · 6

Audio Precision 4- · 6 auditing performance 4- · 6 automated control

via PuTTY/Plink 2- · 36

automation

add event 2- · 28 delete event 2- · 30 edit event 2- · 30

automation 2- · 27

automation 3- · 13

backing up presets 3- · 11 balance adjust 2- · 23 balanced

inputs 2- · 6 output, simulates transformer 2- · 6

base board

removing 4- · 3 replacing 4- · 4

baseband spectrum 5- · 3 battery

replacing 6- · 6

bit depth of internal processing 6- · 1 block diagram 6- · 51 buttons

escape 3- · 1 modify 3- · 1 next 3- · 1 previous 3- · 1 RECALL 3- · 1 setup 3- · 1 soft buttons 3- · 1

buzz 5- · 1 bypass

PC remote 1- · 17 test mode 1- · 17

cable

shielding 2- · 10 type recommended for analog I/O 2- · 5

chassis

getting inside 4 · 2 ground 2- · 10

circuit board locator drawing 6- · 27 circuit description

control 6- · 6 LCD display 6- · 7 user control interface 6- · 7

circuit description 6- · 5 cleaning front panel 4- · 1 clock

battery 6- · 6

reset to hour 2- · 41 reset to midnight 2- · 42 resetting via remote control 2- · 42 setting 2- · 27

common-mode rejection 2- · 10 components

obtaining 6- · 15

composite

circuit description 6- · 11 peak level control 1- · 16

composite baseband microwave STL 1- ·

composite isolation transformer 1- · 10, 8,

11, 1

composite limiter

pilot tone protection 2- · 8

Composite meter 3- · 2 composite output

cable specification 2- · 8 I/O setup 2- · 14, 23 impedance 2- · 7 level adjustment range 2- · 7 level control 2- · 7 setting output impedance 2- · 7 specifications 6- · 3 termination 2- · 8

composite output 2- · 7 composite outputs 1- · 6 computer

connecting to 2- · 4 troubleshooting connections 5- · 5 Windows 2000 5- · 6 Windows XP 5- · 9

computer interface

RS-232 2- · 4 serial 2- · 4

computer interface 1- · 8

connecting

through Win XP direct serial 2- · 56

connection to PC

troubleshooting 5- · 5

connectors

audio 2- · 5 input and output 2- · 5

contrast 3- · 1 control

scripted 2- · 36

control knob 3- · 1 controls

contrast 3- · 1

corrosion 4- · 1

D/A converter

circuit description 6- · 10 specification 6- · 2

delay

on/off from API 2- · 38, 39

delay time

adjusting via API 2- · 38

diagnostic info

fetching via API 2- · 39, 40

digital I/O 1- · 5 digital input

circuit description 6- · 9

digital links 1- · 11 digital output

circuit description 6- · 11

display assembly

removing 4 · 2

display board

parts list 6- · 23

distortion

specification 6- · 1 testing 4- · 10 troubleshooting 5- · 2

dither 2- · 27 diversity delay

om/off from API 2- · 38, 39

diversity delay 1- · 3, 7 diversity delay 2- · 13, 24, 25, 29, 41 diversity delay 5- · 2 DSP

block diagram 6- · 51 circuit description 6- · 12

DSP board

replacing 4- · 4

dual microwave STLs 1- · 13 dull sound

troubleshooting 5- · 4

easy setup 2- · 11 escape button 3- · 1 Ethernet 2- · 5, 42, 49, 9 Exit Test 2- · 41

factory service 5- · 11 Firewall 2- · 49, 9 Firmware

updating 8500 2- · 82

frequency response

specification 6- · 1 testing 4- · 9

fuse 6- · 13

gain reduction meters 3- · 2 Gateway 2- · 49, 9 gateway address 2- · 43 getting inside the unit 4 · 2 GPI

specifications 6- · 4

GPI interface

testing 4- · 13

ground

chassis 2- · 11

ground loop

eliminating in composite 1- · 10, 8, 11, 1

grounding

circuit 2- · 10 loss of 4- · 1 power 2- · 10

grounding 2- · 10 grouping 5518s 3- · 14

meters 3- · 2 SCA, specifications 6- · 4 subcarrier 2- · 7

input level

line-up 1- · 14

input meters 1- · 15 input selector

I/O setup 2- · 23

input/output board

removing 4- · 3

inspection of package contents 2- · 1 installation procedure 2- · 1 Internet

cannot access 5- · 6

IP address

serial connection 2- · 35 terminal connection 2- · 34

IP address 2- · 42 IP port 2- · 43 ITU412

setting up controller 2- · 15

ITU412 3- · 22, 2, 4

J.17

and 5518 digital I/O 1- · 6 and NICAM 1- · 12 deemphasis applied to digital audio input 6-

· 2 defined 1- · 6 preemphasis applied to digital audio output

6- · 3

Jensen transformer 1- · 10, 8, 11, 1

hum 5- · 1

I/O

AES/EBU 2- · 7 connections 2- · 2

I/O board

replacing 4- · 4

IC opamps

troubleshooting 5- · 11

input

analog, connecting 2- · 6 analog, specifications 6- · 2 digital, specifications 6- · 2

level

metering 1- · 15 transmission 1- · 15

line voltage 2- · 2 line-up tones 1- · 16 location 1- · 9 lock

driven equipment cannot lock to 5518 output

5- · 4

lockout

immediate 2- · 32 programming local 2- · 32 unlocking front panel 2- · 33

lossy data reduction

NICAM 1- · 12 used in STLs · 11

loudness

insufficient due to poor peak control 5- · 2

L–R will not null 5- · 4

MAC address 5- · 5 main board

reattaching 4 · 4

measuring performance 4- · 6 meter

circuit description 6- · 7 composite 1- · 16

meters

circuit description 6- · 7 composite 3- · 2 gain reduction 3- · 2 input 3- · 2 multiplex power 3 - · 2 output 3- · 2 studio 1- · 14

Mod Reduction control 2- · 41 modem

setting up 2- · 43 specification for 2- · 48

Modem

Preparing for connection 2- · 71 Recommended baud rate 2- · 72 Windows 2000 configuration 2- · 71 Windows XP Configuration 2- · 77

modify button 3- · 1 modulation control

troubleshooting poor 5- · 2

Mono mode 2- · 41 MPX power controller

stand-alone stereo encoder 3- · 5

multiplex power 3- · 22, 2, 4 multiplex power meter 3- · 2

NAB Broadcast and Audio System Test CD

4- · 6

Netcat

automated control using 2- · 37 automation using 2- · 36

network

timeserver 2- · 44

networking 2- · 42 NEXT button 3- · 1 NICAM 1- · 12 null modem cable

communicating through 2- · 51

null modem cable 2- · 48

output

analog output level trim adjustment 4- · 8 analog, connecting 2- · 6 analog, specifications 6- · 2 composite 2- · 7 composite, specifications 6- · 3 digital, setting dither 2- · 27 digital, setting sample rate 2- · 26 digital, setting sync 2- · 26 digital, setting word length · 26 digital, specifications 6- · 3

output level

I/O setup 2- · 25, 26 quick setup 2- · 14

output meters 3- · 2 overshoot

excessive 5- · 2

overshoot 3- · 5

parts

obtaining 6- · 15

parts list

base board 6- · 16 display board 6- · 23 I/O board 6- · 18

parts list 6- · 15 passcode

and dial-up networking 2- · 33 creating 2- · 31 default 2- · 31 deleting 2- · 32 editing 2- · 31 programming 2- · 30 recovering from lost 2- · 16, 33

Orban installer program 2- · 49

PC board locator diagram 6- · 27 PC control

security 1- · 17

PC hardware requirements 2- · 48 PC Remote

aliases 3- · 14 moving alias folders 3- · 16 multiple coexisting versions 3- · 15 upgrading versions 3- · 15

PC Remote Software 3- · 8 peak control criteria 1- · 9 performance

measuring 4- · 6

phase-linear

system group delay spec · 9

pilot tone

frequency out of tolerance 5- · 4 reference output 1- · 7 reference output 2- · 9

Plink

automation using 2- · 36

Plink 2- · 36 Port

Terminal 2- · 34

port number

setting 2- · 34

port, IP 2- · 43 Ports 2- · 49, 9 power

cord 2- · 4

power supply

circuit description 6- · 13 Orban part # 6- · 13 testing 4- · 7

power supply board

reattaching 4 · 4

pre-emphasis

defeating 2- · 13 quick setup 2- · 12

preset

restoring archived 3- · 12

Preset

Recalling via terminal program 2- · 37

presets

backup 3- · 11 saving user 3- · 5, 20, 3 sharing between 5518s 3- · 13

PREVIOUS button 3- · 1 processing

block diagram 6- · 51

Proof of Performance 1- · 4 Proof of Performance 3- · 7 PuTTY

direct control using 2- · 35

PuTTY 2- · 36

quick setup 2- · 11

rack-mounting unit 2- · 2 rear panel 2- · 4 RECALL button 3- · 1 Recalling preset

via terminal program 2- · 37

registration card 2- · 1 remote

PC Remote software 3- · 8

remote control

connecting 2- · 3 GPI, specifications 6- · 4

remote control 2- · 4 remote interface

functions controllable by 2- · 41 GPI 1- · 7 programming GPI 2- · 40 testing 4- · 13

remote interface connector 2- · 4 Remote Software 2- · 34, 44, 47, 82 resolution

specification 6- · 1

RFI 5- · 1 right channel balance

I/O setup 2- · 23

RJ45 jack 2- · 43 routine maintenance 4- · 1 RS232

testing 4- · 14

RS-232 connector 2- · 4 RS-232 interface

circuit description 6- · 7

sample rate

at digital output 6- · 3 internal, specification 6- · 1 setting output 2- · 13

sample rate converter

testing 4- · 10

saving user presets 3- · 5, 20, 3

SCA

composite meter does not indicate 1- · 16 input, specifications 6- · 4 inputs 1- · 6 interference from stereo 5- · 3 modulation reduction 2- · 15

SCA inputs 2- · 5 screen display 3- · 1 screens

System Setup 2- · 11

scripted control 2- · 36 Security

lock immediately 2- · 32

security 1- · 17 security 2- · 30 Serial Communications

setting up 2- · 51

serial connection

setting up direct 2- · 44 via port #1 2- · 34

serial connector 2- · 4 service 5- · 11 setup

I/O 2- · 23 quick 2- · 11

setup button 3- · 1 shipping instructions 5- · 12 shrill sound

troubleshooting 5- · 4

signal flow diagram 6- · 51 Silence sense

Tally output 2- · 8, 21

Silence sense 2- · 20 Single-sideband mode 3- · 6 SNMP 2- · 84 soft buttons 3- · 1 Software

updating 8500 2- · 82

software updates 1- · 2, 4 Sound Technology 4- · 6 spare parts

obtaining 6- · 15

specifications 6- · 1 spectrum analyzer 4- · 6 SSB mode 3- · 6 ST ENC NO LIMIT 2- · 16 Stanford Research Systems 4- · 6 station ID

setting 2- · 15

stereo encoder

testing 4- · 12

Stereo encoder

SSB/VSB Operation 3- · 6

stereo encoder mode

audio processing for 2- · 17 input/output 1- · 6 lowpass filter 2- · 17 MPX power controller and 3- · 5 signal flow 3- · 2

Stereo mode 2- · 41 STL

systems 1- · 11, 12

studio-transmitter link 1- · 11 subassembly removal and replacement 4- ·

subcarrier

input, specifications 6- · 4 inputs 2- · 9 modulation reduction 2- · 15

subcarrier input 2- · 7 subcarrier inputs 1- · 6 subnet mask 2- · 42 system setup

quick setup 2- · 11

System Setup screen 2- · 11

Tally output

Programming 2- · 20 Silence sense threshold 2- · 20 Wiring 2- · 4

TCP/IP

setting parameters 2- · 42

technical support 5- · 18, 11 telephone support 5- · 18, 11

Telnet 2- · 34 Terminal Port 2- · 34 test modes 3- · 7 time

daylight saving 2- · 12 summer 2- · 12

time & date 2- · 11 timeserver 2- · 44 top cover

reattaching 4 · 5 removing 4 · 2

troubleshooting

installation 5- · 1

unlock front panel 2- · 33 unpacking 2- · 1 Updating software 2- · 82 user presets

archiving 3- · 3 creating 3- · 5, 20, 3

Vestigial sideband 3- · 6 VPN, setting up 2- · 49, 9

Windows

installing services 2- · 48

Windows 2000

adding direct serial connection 2- · 52, 56, 72 Adding direct serial connection 2- · 78 Direct Connect 5- · 6 direct serial connection 2- · 51 modem connect 5- · 8 Modem connection 2- · 71

Windows XP

direct connect 5- · 9 Modem configuration 2- · 77 modem connect 5- · 10

word length

at output, specification 6- · 3 setting output 2- · 26

wordclock 2- · 5, 9

warranty 1- · 17 Warranty 1- · 17 warranty 6- · 5 whistle on-air

troubleshooting 5- · 3

XLR connector

wiring standard 2- · 7

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

Section 1 Introduction

About this Manual

The Adobe pdf form of this manual contains numerous hyperlinks and bookmarks. A reference to a numbered step or a page number (except in the Index) is a live hyperlink; click on it to go immediately to that reference.

If the bookmarks are not visible, click the “Bookmarks” tab on the left side of the Acrobat Reader window.

1-1

This manual has a table of contents and index. To search for a specific word or phrase, you can also use the Adobe Acrobat Reader’s text search function.

The 5518 FM Stereo Encoder

Orban’s all-digital 5518 FM Stereo Encoder is a high-quality stand-alone stereo encoder that operates at 64 kHz to 512 kHz sample rates and offers lowpass filtering, overshoot limiting, composite limiting, diversity delay, and an ITU412 multiplex power controller. The 5518 must be driven (usually via an STL) by a full-featured FM audio processor (like Orban’s 8600) that incorporates preemphasis-aware HF limiting and peak control.

Take a little time now to familiarize yourself with the 5518. A small investment of your time now will yield large dividends in audio quality.

The rest of Section 1 explains how the 5518 fits into the FM broadcast facility. Section 2 explains how to install it and set it up. Section 3 tells how to operate the

5518. Sections 4 through 6 provide reference information.

Flexible Configuration

 There are two composite outputs with independent level controls, each

capable of driving 7in parallel with 47,000pF, (100ft/30m of coaxial cable). In addition, the overshoot-limited left/right domain audio appears at the 5518’s analog and AES3 digital outputs.

1-2

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

 The 5518 includes analog and AES3 digital inputs and outputs. Both digital in-

put and digital output are equipped with sample-rate converters and can operate at 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48, 88.2, and 96 kHz sample rates. The preemphasis status and output levels are separately adjustable for the analog and digital outputs.

 The analog inputs are transformerless, balanced 10k instrumentation-

amplifier circuits, and the analog outputs are transformerless balanced, and

floating (with 50 impedance) to ensure highest transparency and accurate pulse response.

 The 5518 has two subcarrier inputs that are mixed with the output of the

5518’s stereo encoder before application to the composite output connectors. One input can be re-jumpered to provide a 19 kHz pilot reference output. Rearpanel accessible PC-board-mounted trim pots allow the user to adjust the sensitivities of the two SCA inputs, allowing both inputs to accommodate subcarrier generators with output levels as low as 100 mV p-p.

 The 5518 has a Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input, which can be used

to lock the stereo pilot tone to a high precision external reference like a GPSbased frequency standard. This facilitates using the 5518 in single-frequency network applications.

 Silence alarm and digital audio fault tally outputs are available.

 All input, output, and power connections are rigorously RFI-suppressed to

Orban’s traditional exacting standards, ensuring trouble-free installation.

 The 5518 is designed and certified to meet all applicable international

safety and emissions standards.

Signal Processing Features

 The sample rate is 64 kHz and multiples thereof, up to 512 kHz. The inter-

nal audio bandwidth is high enough to prevent overshoot caused by spectral truncation of the left/right input signals that are band-limited to 18 kHz or lower. This makes the 5518 compatible with all Orban OPTIMOD-FM audio processors.

 15, 16, or 17 kHz linear-phase lowpass filtering can be applied to the input

signal. To minimize input/output delay, this filter can be bypassed, which is appropriate if the input signal is correctly band-limited by the audio processor driving the 5518.

 A left/right domain overshoot limiter is available. This combines look-ahead

and band-limited clipping techniques to control STL-induced overshoots while minimizing artifacts.

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

 A dual-mode composite limiter is available. The composite limiter uses a

unique, “you can only do this in DSP” process that beats composite clippers by

preserving stereo imaging while fully protecting the stereo pilot tone, RDS/RBDS, and subcarriers. It can operate in either “Half-Cosine Interpola-

tion” mode or conventional hard clipper mode. The “Half-Cosine” mode provides better separation and preservation of stereo imaging, while the “Hard” mode provides brighter sound because it creates waveforms that are closer to square waves. Both modes provide excellent spectral protection of the pilot tone and subcarrier regions. To ensure accurate peak control, the limiter operates at 512 kHz sample rate.

 Using its built-in left/right domain and composite peak limiters, the 5518

achieves extremely tight peak control.

 A high-accuracy ITU412 multiplex power controller is available, with user

control over the multiplex power threshold. This allows you to compensate for overshoots in the signal path upstream from the 5518, preventing excessive reduction of the multiplex power.

1-3

 The input signal can be flat or pre-emphasized to 50 µs or 75 µs.

 The 5518 can apply J.17 deemphasis to the input signal.

 The 5518 can delay its output by as much as 16 seconds. This delay can be used

as the diversity delay in HD Radio™ installations, which allows the 5518’s stereo encoder (including composite limiter) to be used in an HD Radio installation.

 The stereo encoder’s stereo subchannel modulator can operate in normal double

sideband mode and in an experimental compatible single sideband mode that is offered to enable users to compare and assess the two modes. See SSB Stereo Encoder Operation on page 3-6.

Controllable

 An LCD and full-time LED meters make setup, adjustment and programming

of the 5518 easy — you can always see the metering while you are adjusting the processor. Navigation is by dedicated buttons, soft buttons (whose functions are context-sensitive), and a large rotary knob.

 The 5518 can be remote-controlled by 5-12V pulses applied to eight pro-

grammable, optically-isolated “general-purpose interface” (GPI) ports available at the REMOTE INTERFACE connector on the rear panel.

 PC Remote software is a graphical application that runs under Windows

2000/XP/Vista/7. It communicates with a given 5518 via TCP/IP over modem, di- rect serial, and Ethernet connections. You can configure PC Remote to switch between many 5518s via a convenient organizer that supports giving any 5518

1-4

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

an alias and grouping multiple 5518s into folders. Clicking a 5518’s icon causes PC Remote to connect to that 5518 through an Ethernet network, or initiates a Windows Dial-Up or Direct Cable Connection if appropriate. The PC Remote software allows the user to access all 5518 features and allows the user to archive and restore presets, automation lists, and system setups (containing I/O levels, digital word lengths, GPI functional assignments, etc.).

 The 5518 contains a versatile real-time clock, which allows automation of vari-

ous events (including recalling presets) at pre-programmed times. The clock can be set automatically from an Internet timeserver.

 A Bypass Test Mode can be invoked locally, by remote control (from either the

5518’s GPI port or the 5518 PC Remote application), or by automation to permit broadcast system test and alignment or “proof of performance” tests.

 The 5518 contains a built-in line-up tone generator, facilitating quick and ac-

curate level setting in any system.

 The 5518’s software can be upgraded by running Orban-supplied download-

able upgrade software on a PC. The upgrade can occur remotely through the 5518’s Ethernet port or serial port (connected to an external modem), or locally (by connecting a Windows® computer to the 5518’s serial port through the supplied null modem cable).

 The SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) features allow you to moni-

tor your Optimod’s status and to send Alarm notifications via your Optimod’s Ethernet connection to your network.

Presets in the 5518

There are two distinct kinds of presets in the 5518: factory presets and user presets.

The 5518 used the same preset logic as other OPTIMOD-FMs and should be familiar to users of the OPTIMOD-FM family of products. Like other 5518s, it offers Factory and User Presets. Because the 5518 is a dedicated stereo encoder, it comes with only one Factory Preset, which allows you to set up the parameters of the stereo encoder. Normally, when you have finished setting up the 5518 by editing its Factory Preset, you will then save the result as a User Preset. You can save many different customized settings as different User Presets. For example, you could activate and defeat the left/right domain overshoot limiter by creating two User Presets, one with the limiter turned on and one with the limiter turned off.

The Factory Preset is stored in the 5518’s non-volatile memory and cannot be erased. You can change the settings of the Factory Preset but you must then store those settings as a User Preset, which you are free to name as you wish. The Factory Preset remains unchanged.

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

User Presets are stored in non-volatile memory that does not require battery backup. To Create or Save a User Preset on page 3-3 has more about User Presets.

o recall a preset:

A) Turn the knob until your desired preset is visible in the lower line of the dis-

play.

1-5

B) Press the Recall

Next button to put your desired preset on-air.

Input/Output Configuration

The 5518 simultaneously accommodates:

 Digital AES3 left/right inputs and outputs.

 Analog left/right inputs and outputs.

 Composite stereo outputs.

 Subcarrier (SCA and RDS/RBDS) inputs.

 A sync reference input that can accept 10 MHz or 1 x wordclock (32, 44.1, 48,

88.2, and 96 kHz) and lock the digital output sample rate and the 19 kHz pilot tone frequency to this input.

Digital AES3 Left/Right Input/Output

The digital input and output conform to the professional AES3 standard. They both have sample rate converters to allow operation at 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, and 96 kHz sample frequency.

The left/right digital input is on one XLR-type female connector on the rear panel; the left/right digital output is on one XLR-type male connector on the rear panel.

The 5518 provides digital and analog inputs and outputs. You select whether the 5518 uses the digital or analog input either locally or by remote interface. If the 5518 is set to accept a digital input and the feed fails, the 5518 will automatically switch back to the analog input.

Level control of the AES3 input is accomplished via software control through System Setup (see step 4 on page 2-23) or through PC Remote.

Both analog and digital outputs are active continuously

The 5518’s output sample rate can be locked either to the 5518’s internal crystal clock or to the sample rate present at its AES3 input.

1-6

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

The 5518 can apply J.17 deemphasis to signals applied to its digital input and J.17 preemphasis to the processed signal emitted from its digital output. J.17 is a 6 dB/octave shelving preemphasis/deemphasis standard with break points at 400 Hz and 4 kHz. It is used mainly in older studio/transmitter links that use NICAM technology. The 5518’s provisions for J.17 make it fully compatible with systems using this standard.

The analog and digital outputs emit the same signal that drives the 5518’s stereo encoder DSP block. This signal may be lowpass filtered and/or protection-limited, depending on control settings in the active preset. The level, deemphasis, and other parameters of these outputs are set in System Setup.

Analog Left/Right Input/Output

The left and right analog inputs are on XLR-type female connectors on the rear panel. Input impedance is greater than 10k; balanced and floating. Inputs can accommodate up to +27 dBu (0 dBu = 0.775Vrms).

The left and right analog outputs are on XLR-type male connectors on the rear panel. Output impedance is 50; balanced and floating. The outputs can drive 600 or higher impedances, balanced or unbalanced. The peak output level is adjustable from –6 dBu to +24 dBu.

Level control of the analog inputs and outputs is accomplished via software control through System Setup (see step 2 on page 2-23 and step 6 on page 2-25) or through PC Remote.

Stereo Analog Baseband Composite Output

The stereo encoder has two unbalanced analog baseband outputs on two BNC connectors on the rear panel. Each output can be strapped for or 7source impedance and can drive up to 16dBu (±13.82V peak) into 7in parallel with up to

0.047F (100ft/30m of RG-59/U cable) before any significant audible performance degradation occurs.

Refer to Figure 2-3 on page 2-8.

Independent page 2-23.

level control of each output is available via software (see step 5 on

Subcarriers

The stereo encoder has two unbalanced 60subcarrier (SCA) inputs with rearpanel BNC connectors to accept any subcarrier at or above 23 kHz. The subcarriers are mixed into each composite output and their level is not affected by the composite level control for that output. The 5518 does not digitize subcarriers; the mixing occurs after D/A conversion and is analog.

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

Subcarrier inputs sum into the composite baseband outputs. Rear-panel accessible PC-board-mounted trim pots allow the user to adjust the sensitivities of the two SCA inputs from <100 mV p-p to >10 V p-p to produce 10% injection with respect to 100% modulation = 4 V p-p at the 5518’s composite outputs (the factory setting is 4 V p-p to produce 10% injection). Thus both inputs accommodate subcarrier generators with output levels as low as 100 mV p-p.

The correct peak level of the stereo program applied to the stereo encoder sometimes depends on the number of subcarriers in use. Some regulatory authorities require that total baseband peak modulation be maintained within specified limits. The 5518’s remote control feature allows you to reduce the stereo main level by connecting an on/off signal from your subcarrier generator (See page 2-7). You define the amount of reduction in percent using the procedure in step 17 on page 2-

15. See page 2-34 for information on programming the remote control.

jumper (J6) on the circuit board can reconfigure the SCA 2 input to provide the

A stereo pilot tone only, which can provide a pilot reference for an RDS subcarrier generator.

Remote Control Interface

1-7

The Remote Control Interface is a set of eight optically-isolated GPI inputs on a DB25 connector, which can be activated by 5-12V DC. They can control various functions of the 5518:

 Recall any Factory Preset, User Preset, Test Mode state (Bypass or Tone), or exit

from a Test Mode to the previous processing preset.

 Switch the stereo encoder to stereo, mono from left, mono from right, or mono

from sum audio input. This also determines the feed to the entire processing chain so that facilities that do not use the 5518’s stereo encoder can change stereo/mono mode and select the source when in mono mode.

 Switch the 5518 to use either the analog input or the digital input.

 Independently activate and defeat the diversity delay applied to the analog,

digital, and composite outputs.

 Reduce the stereo main and subchannel modulation to compensate for transmit-

ter overshoot and subcarrier inputs (SCAs).

The remote control of overshoot compensation and SCA modulation (see page 2-34) is not latching. You must supply a continuous current programmed remote input to hold the gain at its compensated level. Use the status outputs of your transmitter and/or SCA generators to provide the switching signal so the compensation will automatically follow the transmitter and/or subcarrier generator on the air.

to the

 Reset the 5518’s internal clock to the nearest hour or to midnight.

The tally outputs can be programmed to indicate the following:

1-8

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

 Input: Analog: Indicates that the 5518 is using audio from its analog input.

 Input: Digital: Indicates that the 5518 is using audio from its AES3 digital input.

 Analog Input Silent: Indicates that the level at either or both analog input chan-

nels is below the threshold set in step (A) on page 2-20.

 AES

 No Function: Tally output is disabled.

You can reconfigure the functions of the inputs and outputs via System Setup.

See page 2-34 for information on programming the remote control interface.

Input Silent: Indicates that the level at either or both digital input channels

is below the threshold set in step in step (A) on page 2-20.

Input Error: Indicates that the 5518’s AES input receiver chip has detected a problem with the data being received such that the data is unusable. When the chip detects such an error, it automatically switches the input to Analog.

Computer Interface

On the rear panel of the 5518 are an RS-232 serial port and an Ethernet port for interfacing to IBM-compatible PCs. These computer interfaces support remote control and metering, and allow downloading software upgrades.

Each 5518 package ships with 5518 PC Remote software, an application for any IBMcompatible PC running Microsoft Windows 2000 (Service Pack 3 or higher), XP, Vista, or 7. 5518 PC Remote permits you to adjust any 5518 preset by remote control or to do virtually anything else that you can do from the 5518’s front panel controls. The program displays all of the 5518’s LCD meters on the computer screen to aid remote adjustment.

RS-232 Serial Port

5518 PC Remote can communicate at up to 115 kbps via modem or direct connection between the computer and the 5518 through their RS-232 serial ports.

RJ45 Ethernet Connector

The 5518 can be connected to any Ethernet network that supports the TCP/IP protocol.

See Networking and Remote Control on page 2-42 for more information.

Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input

The sync reference input appears on a female BNC jack grounded to the 5518’s chassis. It accepts a 1x 5V p-p squarewave wordclock signal at 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz, or a 10 MHz sinewave or squarewave signal, 0.5 to 5 V peak. 10 MHz is a common output frequency produced by GPS and rubidium frequency standards. You can

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

configure the 5518 to lock its 19 kHz pilot tone and output sample frequency to this input.

The sample frequency at the 5518’s digital output does not have to be the same as the reference frequency. If the output frequency is different, the output sample frequency will be the product of a quotient of integers times the reference frequency. For example, if the reference frequency is 96 kHz and the output frequency is set to 32 kHz, the actual output frequency will be 1/3 x the reference frequency. If the reference frequency is 48 kHz and the output frequency is set to 44.1 kHz, the actual output frequency will be 147/160 x the reference frequency.

Location of the 5518

Optimal Control of Peak Modulation Levels

An OPTIMOD-FM audio processor produces a signal that is pre-emphasized to either the 50s or 75s standard preemphasis curve. It is precisely and absolutely highfrequency-controlled and peak-controlled to prevent over-modulation, and is filtered at 15 kHz to protect the 19 kHz pilot and prevent distortion caused by aliasing-related non-linear crosstalk. If this signal is fed directly into a stereo encoder without overshoot limiters, peak modulation levels on the air will nevertheless be precisely controlled. However, if the audio processor’s signal is fed to such a stereo encoder through any circuitry with frequency response errors and/or non-constant group delay, the peaks will be magnified. Peak modulation will increase, but average modulation will not. The 5518’s overshoot limiters must then be enabled, avoiding the need to reduce the modulation level to accommodate the larger peaks. Reduced average modulation level will cause reduced loudness and a poorer signal-tonoise ratio at the receiver.

1-9

Because the 5518’s overshoot limiters (like any such limiters) can introduce undesirable audible artifacts, minimizing the overshoot in the signal path between your audio processor and the 5518 will make your transmission as clean-sounding as possible.

Landline equalizers, transformers, and 15 kHz lowpass filters and preemphasis networks in stereo encoders typically introduce frequency response errors and nonconstant group delay. There are three criteria for preservation of peak levels through the audio system:

1) The system group delay must be essentially constant throughout the frequency

range containing significant energy (30-15,000Hz). If lowpass filters are present, this may require the use of delay equalization. The deviation from linear-phase must not exceed 1 from 30-15,000Hz.

2) The low-frequency 3 dB point of the system must be placed at 0.15Hz or lower

(this is not a misprint!). This is necessary to ensure less than 1% overshoot in a 50Hz square wave and essentially constant group delay to 30Hz.

1-10

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

3) Any preemphasis used in the audio transmission system prior to the stereo en-

coder must be canceled by a precisely complementary deemphasis: Every pole and zero in the preemphasis filter must be complemented by a zero and pole of identical complex frequency in the deemphasis network. An all-pole deemphasis network (like the classic series resistor feeding a grounded capacitor) is not appropriate. However, this network could be corrected by adding a second resistor between ground and the capacitor, which would introduce a zero.

Lowpass filters (including anti-aliasing filters in digital links), highpass filters, transformers, distribution amplifiers, and long transmission lines can all cause the above criteria to be violated and must be tested and qualified. It is clear that the above criteria for optimal control of peak modulation levels are most easily met when the audio processor directly feeds the 5518.

Best Location for the 5518

The best location for the 5518 is as close as possible to the transmitter, so that its composite output can be connected to the transmitter through a circuit path that introduces the least possible change in the shape of the 5518’s carefully peak-limited composite output waveform — a short length of coaxial cable.

If the transmitter is not accessible:

All audio processing must be done at the studio and you must tolerate any damage that occurs later. The 5518 is only applicable to this situation if a broadband (0-75 kHz) phase-linear link to the transmitter is available.

If the transmitter is accessible:

You can achieve the most accurate control of modulation peaks by locating the 5518 at the transmitter site and then using its composite output to drive the transmitter. You can usually also obtain good results by locating the 5518 at the studio and connecting the baseband output of its stereo encoder to the transmitter through a composite baseband STL (see page 1-12). However, many composite baseband STLs do not control peaks perfectly because of bounce (see page 1-13), and locating the 5518 at the transmitter site (where it can control RF exciter) is thus likely to maximize loudness.

We strongly recommend that you use the 5518’s internal stereo encoder to feed the output of the encoder directly to the baseband input of the exciter through less than 100 feet (30 meters) of coaxial cable.

The shorter the baseband cable from OPTIMOD-FM to exciter, the less likely that ground loops or other noise problems will occur in the installation. If you require a long cable run, you can use a Jensen JT-123-BLCF transformer loops. This transformer will ordinarily cure even the most stubborn hum or noise caused by the composite connection between OPTIMOD-FM and the exciter. For

peaks just prior to the transmitter’s

to break any ground

http://www.jensen-transformers.com/datashts/123blcf1.pdf

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

connection instructions, please refer to the Orban CIT25 Composite Isolation Transformer schematic diagram, which is shown on page 12 of the CIT25 manual. This is available from: ftp.orban.com/CIT25/CIT25 Instructions.pdf no longer manufactures the CIT25, which used the Jensen transformer.)

If you need to drive an auxiliary or standby transmitter, the best way to connect it to the 5518 is via the 5518’s second composite output. If this transmitter has a built-in stereo encoder and no composite input, the 5518’s left and right analog or (preferably) digital outputs can be useful because these follow the 5518’s left/right domain overshoot limiters. This allows you to use the 5518’s overshoot limiters to drive both transmitters.

If possible, bypass the preemphasis network and the input lowpass filters in the second transmitter’s stereo encoder so that they cannot introduce spurious peaks. The 5518’s preemphasis network and lowpass filters can perform the same functions while retaining tight peak control.

(Please note that Orban

Studio-Transmitter Link

1-11

Transmission from Studio to Transmitter

There are five types of studio-transmitter links (STLs) in common use in broadcast service: uncompressed digital, digital with lossy compression (like MPEG, Dolby

), microwave, analog landline (telephone/post line), and audio subcarrier on a

APT-x video microwave STL.

STLs are used in two fundamentally different ways with the 5518. They can either (1) pass your FM audio processor’s peak-controlled analog or digital left and right audio outputs to the 5518 when the 5518 is located at the transmitter, or (2) pass your 5518’s peak-controlled composite stereo baseband output to the transmitter’s composite input when the 5518 is located at the studio. In both cases, the link’s transient response is critical. At the current state of the art, an uncompressed digital link using digital inputs and outputs is preferable.

Digital Links

Digital links may pass audio as linear PCM encoding or they may apply lossy data reduction processing to the signal to reduce the number of bits per second required for transmission through the digital link. Only linear PCM is appropriate for links that pass the FM composite signal. Lossy data reduction is only appropriate (although never ideal) when passing your FM audio processor’s peak-controlled analog or digital left/right outputs to a 5518 at the transmitter.

Lossy processing will almost invariably distort peak levels, so such links must be carefully qualified before you use them to carry the peak-controlled output of your audio processor to the 5518 at the transmitter. For example, the MPEG Layer 2 algorithm can increase peak levels up to 4 dB at 160kB/sec by adding large amounts of quantization noise to the signal. While the desired program material may psychoacoustically mask this noise, it is nevertheless large enough to affect peak levels se-

, or

1-12

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

verely. This will force you use the 5518’s left/right overshoot limiters to apply heavy limiting, which can reduce audio quality. For any lossy compression system the higher the data rate, the less the peak levels will be corrupted by added noise, so use the highest data rate practical in your system. For MPEG Layer 2 encoding, we recommend 384 kB/second or higher.

Some links may use straightforward PCM (pulse-code modulation) without lossy data reduction. If you connect to these through an AES3 digital interface, these can be very transparent if they do not truncate the digital words produced by the devices driving their inputs. If the audio processor’s output is tightly band-limited to 15 kHz (which is true for OPTIMOD-FM 8200, 2200, 2300, 5300, 5500, 8300, and 8400), it can be passed without additional overshoot by equally well by any link with 32 kHz or higher sample frequency.

Currently available sample rate converters use phase-linear filters (which have constant group delay at all frequencies). If they do not remove spectral energy from the original signal, the sample rate conversion, whether upward or downward, will not add overshoot to the signal. This is not true of systems that are not strictly bandlimited to 15 kHz, where downward sample rate conversion will remove spectral energy and will therefore introduce overshoot.

OPTIMOD-FM 8500 and 8600 require an STL bandwidth of 17 kHz or greater, so a

44.1 kHz sample rate is the lowest commonly used sample rate that will not add overshoot. If you are using an 8500 or 8600 with a 32 kHz STL, you must activate the 5518’s left/right overshoot limiter to remove the resulting overshoot.

If the link does not have an AES3 input, you must drive its analog input from your audio processor’s analog output. This is less desirable because the link’s analog input circuitry may not meet all requirements for passing processed audio without overshoot.

NICAM is a sort of hybrid between PCM and lossy data reduction systems. It uses a block-companded floating-point representation of the signal with J.17 preemphasis. It cannot be used to pass FM composite signals.

Older technology converters (including some older NICAM encoders) may exhibit quantization distortion unless they have been correctly dithered. Additionally, they can exhibit rapid changes in group delay around cut-off because their analog filters are ordinarily not group-delay equalized. The installing engineer should be aware of all of these potential problems when designing a transmission system.

Any problems can be minimized by driving a digital STL the digital output of your audio processor, which will provide the most accurate interface to the STL.

Composite Baseband Microwave STLs

The composite baseband microwave STL carries the standard pilot-tone stereo baseband, and therefore receives the output of a stereo encoder (like the 5518) located at the studio site. The receiver output of the composite STL is the stereo baseband signal, which is applied directly to the wideband input of the FM broadcast transmitter’s exciter. Thus, no stereo encoder is needed at the transmitter.

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

In general, a composite microwave STL provides good audio quality, as long as there is a line-of-sight transmission path from studio to transmitter of less than 10 miles (16 km). If not, RF signal-to-noise ratio, multipath distortion, and diffraction effects can cause serious quality problems. Where a composite STL is used, use the 5518’s stereo encoder to drive the composite STL transmitter.

Uncompressed digital composite baseband microwave STLs, if properly designed, have excellent performance and we recommend them highly. They are particularly desirable in a 5518 installation because they allow you to use the 5518’s composite limiter to increase on-air loudness. However, the fact that they are digital does not eliminate the requirement that they have low frequency response that is less than 3 dB down at 0.15 Hz. Any such STL should be qualified to ensure that it meets this specification.

Dual Microwave STLs

Dual microwave STLs use two separate transmitters and receivers to pass the left and right channels in discrete form. Dual microwave STLs offer greater noise immunity than composite microwave STLs. However, problems include gain- and phasematching of the left and right channels, overloads induced by preemphasis, and requirements that the audio applied to the microwave transmitters be processed to prevent over-modulation of the microwave system. In a system using the 5518, preemphasis overload will not be a problem because the STL will be driven by your FM audio processor located at the studio and the 5518 will be located at the transmitter.

1-13

Lack of transparency in the path will cause overshoot. Unless carefully designed, dual microwave STLs can introduce non-constant group delay in the audio spectrum, distorting peak levels when used to pass processed audio. In a system using a microwave STL, any overshoots induced by the link should be removed by the 5518’s left/right overshoot limiter.

If the STL microwave uses preemphasis, its input preemphasis filter will probably introduce overshoots that will increase peak modulation without any increases in average modulation. If the audio processor at the studio is capable of producing a preemphasized output, we strongly recommend defeating the microwave STL’s preemphasis and performing preemphasis in the audio processor at the studio. This frees the system from potential overshoot. Except for the 8000 and 8100, any OPTIMODFM can be configured to provide a preemphasized output.

Further, it is common for a microwave STL to bounce because of a large infrasonic peak in its frequency response caused by an under-damped automatic frequency control (AFC) phase-locked loop. This bounce can increase the STL’s peak carrier deviation by as much as 2dB, reducing average modulation. Many commercial STLs have this problem.

Analog Landline (PTT/Post Office Line)

Analog landline quality is extremely variable, ranging from excellent to poor. Whether landlines should be used or not depends upon the quality of the lines locally available, and upon the availability of other alternatives. Due to line equalizer characteristics and phase shifts, even the best landlines tend to add overshoot and will require use of the 5518’s left/right overshoot limiter.

1-14

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

About Transmission Levels and Metering

Meters

Studio engineers and transmission engineers consider audio levels and their measurements differently, so they typically use different methods of metering to monitor these levels. The VU meter is an average-responding meter (measuring the approximate RMS level) with a 300ms rise time and decay time; the VU indication usually under-indicates the true peak level by 8 to 14 dB. The Peak Program Meter (PPM) indicates a level between RMS and the actual peak. The PPM has an attack time of 10ms, slow enough to cause the meter to ignore narrow peaks and under-indicate the true peak level by 5 dB or more. The absolute peak-sensing meter or LED indicator shows the true peak level. It has an instantaneous attack time, and a release time slow enough to allow the engineer to read the peak level easily. Fig. 1-1 shows

relative difference between the absolute peak level, and the indications of a VU

the meter and a PPM for a few seconds of music program.

Studio Line-up Levels and Headroom

The studio engineer is primarily concerned with calibrating the equipment to provide the required input level for proper operation of each device, and so that all devices operate with the same input and output levels. This facilitates patching devices in and out without recalibration.

For line-up, the studio engineer uses a calibration tone at a studio standard level, commonly called line-up level, reference level, or operating level. Metering at the studio is by a VU meter or PPM (Peak Program Meter). As discussed above, the VU or PPM indication under-indicates the true peak level. Most modern studio audio devices have a clipping level of no less than +21 dBu, and often +24 dBu or more. So the studio standardizes on a maximum program indication on the meter that is lower than the clipping level, so those peaks that the meter does not indicate will not be clipped. Line-up level is usually at this same maximum meter indication. In facilities that use VU meters, this level is usually at 0VU, which corresponds to the studio standard level, typically +4 or +8 dBu.

For facilities using +4 dBu standard level, instantaneous peaks can reach +18 dBu or higher (particularly if the operator overdrives the console or desk). Older facilities with +8 dBu standard level and equipment that clips at +18 or +21 dBu will experience noticeable clipping on some program material.

In facilities that use the BBC-standard PPM, maximum program level is usually PPM4 for music, PPM6 for speech. Line-up level is usually PPM4, which corresponds to +4 dBu. Instantaneous peaks will reach +17 dBu or more on voice.

In facilities that use PPMs that indicate level directly in dBu, maximum program and line-up level is often +6 dBu. Instantaneous peaks will reach +11 dBu or more.

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

Transmission Levels

The transmission engineer is primarily concerned with the peak level of a program to prevent overloading or over-modulation of the transmission system. This peak overload level is defined differently, system to system.

In FM modulation (FM/VHF radio and television broadcast, microwave or analog satellite links), it is the maximum-permitted RF carrier frequency deviation. In AM modulation, it is negative carrier pinch-off. In analog telephone/post/PTT transmission, it is the level above which serious crosstalk into other channels occurs, or the level at which the amplifiers in the channel overload. In digital, it is the largest possible digital word.

For metering, the transmission engineer uses an oscilloscope, absolute peak-sensing meter, calibrated peak-sensing LED indicator, or a modulation meter. A modulation meter usually has two components — a semi-peak reading meter (like a PPM), and a peak-indicating light, which is calibrated to turn on whenever the instantaneous peak modulation exceeds the overmodulation threshold.

1-15

Line-Up Facilities

Metering of Levels

The meters on the 5518 show left/right input levels and composite modulation. Left and right input level is shown on a VU-type scale 0 to –27 dB), while the metering indicates absolute instantaneous peak (much faster than a standard PPM or VU me- ter). The input meter is scaled so that 0 dB corresponds to the absolute maximum peak level that the 5518 can accept (+27 dBu). If you are using the AES3 digital in-

ABSOLUTE PEAK

PPM

Fig. 1-1: Absolute Peak Level, VU and PPM Reading

1-16

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

put, the maximum digital word at the input corresponds to the 0 dB point on the 5518’s input meter.

Composite Output Level

When its left/right overshoot limiter and composite limiter are enabled, the 5518 controls instantaneous, absolute peak levels to a tolerance of approximately 0.1 dB. Composite modulation is indicated in percentage modulation, absolute instantaneous peak indicating. 100% is calibrated to the highest composite peak modulation level that the processing will produce and ordinarily corresponds to 75 kHzcarrier deviation.

Note that if the 5518’s subcarrier inputs are used, the meter will not indicate the subcarriers’ effect on composite modulation because the subcarriers are mixed into the composite signal in the analog domain, after it is metered. Therefore, you must mentally add the subcarriers to the meter indication or refer to an external, calibrated modulation monitor.

Built-in Calibrated Line-up Tones

To facilitate matching the output level of the 5518 to the transmission system that it is driving, the 5518 contains an adjustable test tone oscillator that produces sine waves at 5518’s (analog or digital) left, right and composite outputs. The frequency and modulation level of the line-up tones can be adjusted from the front panel (as described in Section 3).

The stereo encoder is calibrated so that 100% left or right modulation will provide 100% modulation of the stereo composite signal, including pilot tone but excluding any SCA subcarriers.

The pilot tone stereo system has an interleaving property, which means that the ste- reo composite modulation is approximately equal to the higher of the left or right channels. Because the pilot tone is phase-synchronous with the stereo subcarrier, the composite modulation will actually increase about 2.7% when the modulation is changed from pure single-channel to L+R modulation while the peak audio level is held constant.

You can adjust the frequency and modulation level of the built-in line-up tone. You can use the front panel, the PC Control software, or the opto-isolated remote control interface ports to activate the Test Tone.

The 5518’s analog outputs are seldom used, but for completeness we should state that when the 5518’s left/right analog output is switched to

FLAT, a deemphasis filter is inserted between output of the 5518’s audio

processing and its line output. Thus, as the frequency of the Test Tone is changed, the level at the 5518’s line output will follow the selected deemphasis curve. In most cases, the preemphasis filter in the driven equipment will undo the effect of the 5518’s internal deemphasis, so the 5518’s output level should be adjusted such that the tone produces 100% modulation of the transmission link as measured after the link’s preemphasis filter. At 100Hz, switching the deemphasis out or in will have negligible effect on the level appearing at the 5518’s left and right audio outputs.

5518-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION

Built-in Calibrated Bypass Test Mode

A BYPASS Test Mode is available to transparently pass line-up tones generated earlier in the system. It will also pass program material, applying no gain reduction or protection against overmodulation. It can transparently pass any line-up tone applied to its input up to about 130% output modulation, at which point clipping may occur.

PC Control and Security Passcode

PC software control provides access to the 5518 via network, modem or direct (null modem cable) connection, with IBM PC-compatible computers running Windows. PC access is permitted only with a valid user-defined passcode.

PC remote control can be ended from the front panel; this feature effectively prevents simultaneous remote and local control.

See Security and Passcode Programming (starting on page 2-31) for more detail.

1-17

Warranty, User Feedback

User Feedback

We are very interested in your comments about this product. We will carefully review your suggestions for improvements to either the product or the manual. Please email us at custserv@orban.com

LIMITED WARRANTY

[Valid only for products purchased and used in the United States]

Orban warrants Orban products against defects in material or workmanship for a period of two years from the date of original purchase for use, and agrees to repair or, at our option, replace any defective item without charge for either parts or labor.

IMPORTANT: This warranty does not cover damage resulting from accident, misuse or abuse, lack of reasonable care, the affixing of any attachment not provided with the product, loss of parts, or connecting the product to any but the specified receptacles. This warranty is void unless service or repairs are performed by an authorized service center. No responsibility is assumed for any special, incidental, or consequential damages. However, the limitation of any right or remedy shall not be effective where such is prohibited or restricted by law.

Simply take or ship your Orban products prepaid to our service department. Be sure to include a copy of your sales slip as proof of purchase date. We will not repair

1-18

INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 5518

transit damage under the no-charge terms of this warranty. Orban will pay return shipping. (See Technical Support on page 5-11.)

No other warranty

This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may have other rights that vary from state to state. Some states do not allow the exclusion of limitations of incidental or consequential damages or limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above exclusions and limitations may not apply to you.

, written or oral, is authorized for Orban Products.

INTERNATIONAL WARRANTY

Orban warrants Orban products against evident defects in material and workmanship for a period of two years from the date of original purchase for use. This warranty does not cover damage resulting from misuse or abuse, or lack of reasonable care, or inadequate repairs performed by unauthorized service centers. Performance of repairs or replacements under this warranty is subject to submission of this Warranty/Registration Card, completed and signed by the dealer on the day of purchase, and the sales slip. Shipment of the defective item for repair under this warranty will be at the customer’s own risk and expense. This warranty is valid for the original purchaser only.

EXTENDED WARRANTY

Any time during the initial two-year Warranty period (but not thereafter), you may purchase a three-year extension to the Warranty (yielding a total Warranty period of five years) by remitting to Orban ten percent of the gross purchase price of your Orban product. This offer applies only to new Orban products purchased from an authorized Orban Dealer. To accept the extended five-year warranty, please sign and date below, and fax this copy along with a copy of your original invoice (showing date of purchase) to Orban Warranty Extension at +1 (480) 403-8302.

I ACCEPT THE EXTENDED FIVE-YEAR WARRANTY

__________________________________________________________________________

DATE______________________________________________________________________

MODEL NUMBER: 5518

SERIAL NUMBER____________________________________________________________

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

Section 2 Installation

Installing the 5518

Allow about 2 hours for installation.

Installation consists of: (1) unpacking and inspecting the 5518, (2) mounting the 5518 in a rack, (3) connecting inputs, outputs and power, (4) optional connecting of remote control leads and (5) optional connecting of computer interface control leads.

2-1

When you have finished installing the 5518, proceed to “Quick Setup,” on page 2-

11.

DO NOT connect power to the unit yet!

1. Unpack and inspect.

A) If you note obvious physical damage, contact the carrier immediately to make

a damage claim. Packed with the 5518 are:

Quantity Item

1 Operating Manual

2 Line Cords (domestic, European)

4 Rack-mounting screws, 10-32 x ¾—with washers, #10

1 PC Remote Software CD

B) Save all packing materials! If you should ever have to ship the 5518 (e.g., for

servicing), it is best to ship it in the original carton with its packing materials because both the carton and packing material have been carefully designed to protect the unit.

C) Complete the Registration Card and return it to Orban. (please)

The Registration Card enables us to inform you of new applications, performance improvements, software updates, and service aids that may be developed, and it helps us respond promptly to claims under warranty without our having to request a copy of your bill of sale or other proof of purchase. Please fill in the Registration Card and send it to us today. (The Registration Card is located after the cover page).

Customer names and information are confidential and are not sold to anyone.

2-2

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

TYPE 18/3 SVT COR, TYP

(3 x .82 mm2)

WIRE COLOR

NORMAL ALT

BROWN

BLUE

GREEN-YELLOW

BROWN

BLUE

GREEN-YELLOW

BLACK

WHITE

GREEN

PLUG FOR

115 VAC

(USA)

TYPE H05VV - F - 0.75

PLUG FOR

230 VAC

(EUROPEAN)

CONDUCTOR

LINE

NEUTRAL

N E

EARTH GND

CONDUCTOR WIRE COLOR

LINE

NEUTRAL

EARTH GND

Figure 2-1: AC Line Cord Wire Standard

2. Install the appropriate power cord.

AC power passes through an IEC-standard mains connector and an RF filter designed to meet the standards of all international safety authorities.

The power cord is terminated in a “U-ground” plug (USA standard), or CEE7 / 7 plug (Continental Europe), as appropriate to your 5518’s Model Number. The green/yellow wire is connected directly to the 5518 chassis.

If you need to change the plug to meet your country’s standard and you are qualified to do so, see Figure 2-1. Otherwise, purchase a new mains cord with the correct line plug attached.

3. Mount the 5518 in a rack.

The 5518 requires one standard rack unit (1 ¾ inches / 6.4 cm).

There should be a good ground connection between the rack and the 5518 chassis — check this with an ohmmeter to verify that the resistance is less than 0.5.

Mounting the unit over large heat-producing devices (such as a vacuum-tube power amplifier) may shorten component life and is not recommended. Ambient temperature should not exceed 45C (113F) when equipment is powered.

Equipment life will be extended if the unit is mounted away from sources of vibration, such as large blowers and is operated as cool as possible.

4. Connect inputs and outputs.

See the hookup and grounding information on the following pages.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

TOPIC PAGE

Audio Input and Audio Output Connections.............................................2-5

AES3 Digital Input and Output ...................................................................2-7

Composite Output and Subcarrier Inputs

Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input ..................................................

Grounding

..................................................................................................2-10

..................................................2-7

2-9

5. Connect remote control interface. (optional)

2-3

For a full listing of 5518’s extensive remote control

provisions, refer to Remote

Control Interface Programming on page 2-34.

Optically-isolated

remote control connections are terminated in a type DB-25

male connector located on the rear panel. It is wired according to Figure 2-2. To

the desired function, apply a 5-12V AC or DC pulse between the appropri-

select ate REMOTE

INTERFACE terminals. The () terminals can be connected together

and then connected to ground at pin 17 to create a Remote Common. A currentlimited +12VDC source is available on pin 25. If you use 48V, connect a 2k 10%, 2-watt carbon composition resistor in series with the Remote Common or the (+) terminal to provide current limiting.

In a high-RF environment, these wires should be short and should be run through foil-shielded cable, with the shield connected to CHASSIS GROUND at both ends.

PIN ASSIGNMENT

1. COMMON

2. REMOTE 1+

3. REMOTE 2+

4. REMOTE 3+

5. REMOTE 4+

6. REMOTE 5+

7. REMOTE 6+

8. REMOTE 7+

9. REMOTE 8+

10. TALLY 1

11. TALLY 2

12. N/C

13. POWER COMMON

14. REMOTE 1-

15. REMOTE 2-

16. REMOTE 3-

17. REMOTE 4-

18. REMOTE 5-

19. REMOTE 6-

20. REMOTE 7-

21. REMOTE 822-24. N/C

25. +12 VOLTS DC

REMOTE INTERFACE

Figure 2-2: Wiring the 25-pin Remote Interface Connector

2-4

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

6. Connect tally outputs (optional)

See the schematic on page 6-32.

The 5518 supports two hardware tally outputs, and operate with respect to pin 1 (common). Therefore, the voltage applied to the load (such as a relay or opto-isolator) must be positive. You can use the 12 VDC source on pin 25 to drive the high side of the load, taking into account the fact that the voltage on pin 25 is current limited by a 300 Ω resistor.

The tally outputs are protected against reverse polarity.

To avoid damaging the 5518, limit the current into a tally output to 30 mA. DO NOT connect a tally output directly to a low-impedance voltage source! The tally outputs are not protected against this

Note that the tally outputs have no special RFI protection. Therefore, it is wise to use shielded cable to make connections to them.

See step 28 on page 2-21 for instructions on using the tally outputs.

7. Connec

You can connect to a computer via the 5518’s serial connector or via an Ethernet network. (See Networking on page 2-42.)

Procedures and change. We advise you to download the latest version of this manual in pdf format from ftp.orban.com/5518/Documentation

abuse and the output transistors are likely to burn out.

t to a computer

and instructions for connecting to a PC are subject to development

which are NPN open-collector

You can use Adobe’s .pdf reader application to open and read this file. If you do not have the .pdf reader, it is available for free download from www.adobe.com

See Installing 5518 PC Remote Control Software on page 2-47 for more detail.

5518 Rear Panel

[See page 3-1 for a description of the 5518’s front panel.]

The Power Cord is detachable and is terminated in a “U-ground” plug (USA standard), or CEE7 / 7 plug (Continental Europe), as appropriate to your 5518’s Model Number.

An RS-232 (PC Remote) Computer Interface, labeled S nect the 5518 to IBM PC-compatible computers, directly or via modem, for remote control, metering and software downloads.

A Remote Interface Connector allows you to connect the 5518 to your existing transmitter remote control or other simple contact-closure control devices. The 5518 remote control supports user-programmable selection of up to eight opticallyisolated inputs for any one of the following parameters: recalling any factory- or user presets, tone or bypass modes, selecting stereo encoder modes (stereo, mono-

ERIAL, is provided to con-

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

left, mono-right, mono-sum), selecting analog, digital or digital+J.17 input, overshoot compensation, SCA modulation compensation, and clock synchronization. (See Remote Control Interface Programming on page 2-34.) The 5518 remote control accepts a DB-25 connector

The Ethernet Port accepts a 10Mb/second or 100Mb/second Ethernet connection terminated with an RJ45 connector.

Digital AES3 Input and Output are provided to support two-channel AES3standard digital audio signals through XLR-type connectors.

Analog Inputs and Outputs are provided to support left and right audio signals through XLR-type connectors.

Two Composite Baseband Outputs are provided, each with independent output level control. Each output uses a BNC connector.

Two SCA Inputs are provided for stations that use additional subcarriers (SCAs). Each input uses a BNC connector. The second SCA input can be reconfigured via an internal hardware jumper as a Pilot Reference Output useful for RDS (RBDS) subcarrier generators that require an external sync reference.

2-5

A Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input on a BNC connector allows you to lock the 5518’s internal clock generator (which determines the clock frequency applied to the DSP) to a reference signal. Typically, the reference signal comes, directly or indirectly, from a GPS-derived frequency standard or a rubidium frequency standard. You can lock the 5518’s DSP clock to this reference, which in turn locks the 19 kHz pilot tone to the reference. This is useful in single frequency networks to prevent beating between various transmitters’ pilot tones in areas of mutual interference.

Input and Output Connections

Cable

We recommend using two-conductor foil-shielded cable (such as Belden 8451 or equivalent) for the audio input and output connections because signal current flows through the two conductors only. The shield does not carry signal and is used only for shielding.

Connectors

 Input and output connectors are XLR-type connectors.

In the XLR-type connectors, pin 1 is CHASSIS GROUND, while pin 2 and pin 3 are a balanced, floating pair. This wiring scheme is compatible with

2-6

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

any studio-wiring standard: If pin 2 or 3 is considered LOW, the other pin is automatically HIGH.

Analog Audio Input

 Nominal input level between –9 dBu and +8 dBu will result in normal operation

of the 5518.

(0 dBu = 0.775Vrms. For this application, the dBm @600 scale on voltmeters can be read as if it were calibrated in dBu.)

 The peak input level that causes overload is +27.0 dBu.

 The electronically balanced input uses an ultra-low-noise-and-distortion differ-

ential amplifier for best common mode rejection, and is compatible with most professional and semi-professional audio equipment, balanced or unbalanced, having a source impedance of 600 or less. The input is EMI suppressed.

 Input connections are the same whether the driving source is balanced or unbal-

anced.

 Connect the red (or white) wire to the pin on the XLR-type connector (#2 or #3)

that is considered H wire to the pin on the XLR-type connector (#3 or #2) that is considered L the standards of your organization.

 In low RF fields (like a studio site not co-located with an RF transmitter), connect

the cable shield at 5518 input only—it should not be connected at the source end. In high RF fields (like a transmitter site), also connect the shield to pin 1 of the male XLR-type connector at the 5518 input.

 If the output of the driving unit is unbalanced and does not have separate

HASSIS GROUND and (–) (or LOW) output terminals, connect both the shield and

the black wire to the common (–) or ground terminal of the driving unit.

IGH by the standards of your organization. Connect the black

OW by

Analog Audio Output

 Electronically balanced and floating outputs simulate a true transformer output.

The source impedance is 50. The output is capable of driving loads of 600 or higher; the AO 100% control can adjust the 100% modulation level over a –6 dBu to +24 dBu range. The outputs are EMI suppressed.

 If an unbalanced output is required (to drive unbalanced inputs of other equip-

ment), it should be taken between pin 2 and pin 3 of the XLR-type connector. Connect the L organization’s standards) to circuit ground; take the H maining pin. No special precautions are required even though one side of the output is grounded.

OW pin of the XLR-type connector (#3 or #2, depending on your

IGH output from the re-

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

 Use two-conductor foil-shielded cable (Belden 8451, or equivalent).

 At the 5518’s output (and at the output of other equipment in the system), do

not connect the cable’s shield to the CHASSIS GROUND terminal (pin 1) on the XLR-type connector. Instead, connect the shield to the input destination. Connect the red (or white) wire to the pin on the XLR-type connector (#2 or #3) that is considered H to the pin on the XLR-type connector (#3 or #2) that is considered L standards of your organization.

IGH by the standards of your organization. Connect the black wire

OW by the

AES3 Digital Input and Output

There is one AES3 input and one AES3 output. The program input and output are both equipped with sample rate converters and can operate at 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, and 96 kHz.

Per the AES3 standard, each digital input or output line carries both the left and right stereo channels. The connection is 110 balanced. The AES3 standard specifies a maximum cable length of 100 meters. While almost any balanced, shielded cable will work for relatively short runs (5 meters or less), longer runs require used of 110 balanced cable like Belden 1800B, 1801B (plenum rated), multi-pair 180xF, 185xF, or 78xxA. Single-pair category 5, 5e, and 6 Ethernet cable will also work well if you do not require shielding. (In most cases, the tight balance of Category 5/5e/6 cable makes shielding unnecessary.)

The AES3id standard is best for very long cable runs (up to 1000 meters). This specifies 75 unbalanced coaxial cable, terminated in BNC connectors. A 110/75 balun transformer is required to interface an AES3id connection to your 5518’s digital input or output.

The digital input clip level is fixed at 0 dB relative to the maximum digital word. The maximum digital input will make the 5518 input meters display 0 dB. The reference level is adjustable using the

DI REF control.

2-7

Composite Output and Subcarrier Input

There are two composite outputs. They carry the encoded stereo signal, the stereo pilot tone, and any subcarriers that may have been applied to the 5518’s subcarrier inputs.

These are unbalanced, with the shell connected directly to chassis/circuit ground. Each output’s level is independently adjustable from –12 dBu to +16.0 dBu.

The output impedance of composite 1 output and composite 2 output can be set to 0 or 75 via jumpers J7 and J8 respectively (located on the Composite/SCA daughterboard). As shipped, the link is on pins 3 and 4, yielding 0  impedance. To reset a given output to 75, place the link on pins 1 and 2 of its associated jumper. (See the schematic on page 6-38 and the parts locator diagram on page 6-34.)

2-8

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

Each output can drive up to 75 in parallel with 0.047F before performance deteriorates significantly (see Figure 2-3 on page 2-8).

Connect the 5518’s composite output to the exciter input with up to 100 feet (30.5m) of RG-58/U or RG-59/U coaxial cable terminated in BNC connectors.

Longer runs of coax may increase problems with noise, hum, and RF pickup at the exciter. In general, the least troublesome installations place the 5518 close to the exciter and limit the length of the composite cable to less than 6 feet (1.8m).

We do not recommend terminating the exciter input by 50 or 75 unless this is unavoidable. The frequencies in the stereo baseband are low by comparison to RF and video, and the characteristic impedance of coaxial cable is not constant at very low frequencies. Therefore, the transmission system will usually have more accurate amplitude and phase response (and thus, better stereo separation) if the coax is driven by a very low impedance source and is terminated by greater than 1k at the exciter end. This also eases thermal stresses on the output amplifier in the stereo encoder, and can thus extend equipment life.

Ground loops can occur if your exciter’s composite input is unbalanced, although you can usually configure system grounding to break them (for example, by connecting the 5518’s and exciter’s power cords to adjacent sockets on an AC power strip). In difficult cases, you can always break a ground loop by using a Jensen JT-123-BLCF transformer (see page 1-10). If the isolation transformer is in use, the always be set to

Even when its composite limiter is being used heavily, the 5518 will al-

GROUND.

GROUND LIFT switch will almost

Figure 2-3: Typical Separation vs. load capacitance

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

ways protect the stereo pilot tone by at least 60 dB (250Hz from 19 kHz) and will protect the region from 55 kHz to 100 kHz by at least 75 dB (re 100% modulation). See Figure 5-1 on page 5-3.

The subcarrier (SCA) inputs are provided for convenience in summing subcarriers into the baseband prior to their presentation to the FM exciter.

The subcarrier inputs will accept any subcarrier (or combinations of subcarriers) above 23 kHz. Below 5 kHz, sensitivity rolls off at 6 dB/octave to suppress hum that might otherwise be introduced into the subcarrier inputs, which are unbalanced.

The subcarrier inputs are mixed into the 5518’s composite output in the analog domain, after D/A conversion of the 5518 stereo encoder’s out-

Rear-panel accessible PC-board-mounted trim pots allow the user to

put. adjust the sensitivities of the two SCA inputs from <100 mV p-p to >10 V p-p to produce 10% injection with respect to 100% modulation = 4 V p-p at the 5518’s composite outputs. (The factory setting is 4 V p-p to produce 10% injection.)

As shipped from the factory, the second SCA connector emits a stereo pilot tone reference for RDS or RBDS subcarrier generators. If you wish to reconfigure it to accept an SCA signal, move the link on jumper J6 (on the Composite/SCA daughterboard) from pins 3 and 4 to pins 1 and 2.

2-9

To access J6, remove the 5518’s top cover according to the instructions in step 1 on page 4-2. The schematic showing J6 is on page 6-38.

Connect your subcarrier generator(s) to the 5518’s subcarrier input(s) with coaxial cable terminated with BNC connectors.

The subcarrier inputs have greater than 600 load impedance and are unbalanced. The sensitivity of both inputs is user-adjustable from <100 mV p-p to >10 V p-p to produce 10% injection with respect to 100% modulation = 4 V p-p at the 5518’s composite outputs. (The factory setting is 4 V p-p to produce 10% injection.)

VR1 and VR2 on the Composite/SCA daughterboard set the sensitivity of SCA1 IN and SCA2 IN respectively and are accessible on the rear panel.

You can use the 19K REF control in Setup to determine whether the 19 kHz pilot reference output will be in-phase (0 output or will lead it by 90 degrees (90 Use 90

DEG only if your RDS/RBDS generator’s 19 kHz reference input specifically re-

DEG) with the pilot tone present in the composite

DEG). 0 DEG is correct for most installations.

quires this phase relationship.

Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input

The sync reference input accepts a 1x 5V p-p squarewave wordclock signal or a 10 MHz sinewave or squarewave signal, 0.5 to 5 V peak. A menu item allows you to synchronize the output sample frequency to the frequency present at the sync. The connector is a female BNC with the shell grounded to chassis.

To permit daisy-chaining sync signals, the input impedance is greater than 1 K. If the 5518 is the last device driven by the sync coaxial cable, you should terminate it

2-10

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

by using a BNC Tee connector and a 75 BNC terminator. This will prevent performance-degrading reflections in the cable. This is required for both wordclock and AES11id operation.

Grounding

Very often, grounding is approached in a “hit or miss” manner. However, with care it is possible to wire an audio studio so that it provides maximum protection from power faults and is free from ground loops (which induce hum and can cause oscillation).

In an ideal system:

 All units in the system should have balanced inputs. In a modern system with

low output impedances and high input impedances, a balanced input will provide common-mode rejection and prevent ground loops — regardless of whether it is driven from a balanced or unbalanced source.

 The 5518 has balanced inputs. Its subcarrier inputs are unbalanced, but fre-

quency response is rolled off at low frequencies to reject hum.

 All equipment circuit grounds must be connected to each other; all equipment

chassis grounds must be connected together.

 In a low RF field, cable shields should be connected at one end only — prefera-

bly the source (output) end.

 In a high RF field, audio cable shields should be connected to a solid earth

ground at both ends to achieve best shielding against RFI.

 Whenever coaxial cable is used, shields are automatically grounded at both ends

through the terminating BNC connectors.

Power Ground

 Ground the 5518 chassis through the third wire in the power cord. Proper

grounding techniques never leave equipment chassis unconnected to power/earth ground. A proper power ground is essential for safe operation. Lifting a chassis from power ground creates a potential safety hazard.

Circuit Ground

To maintain the same potential in all equipment, the circuit (audio) grounds must be connected together:

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

 When the 5518’s stereo encoder is driving an unbalanced exciter input, you

may encounter a ground loop. (Some older exciters have unbalanced inputs.) Unlike some older Orban FM processors, the 5518 does not have a ground lift switch. If you cannot reconfigure your grounding scheme to eliminate such a loop, you can balance and float the exciter input with a Jensen JT-123-BLCF transformer (see page 2-10).

2-11

 In high RF fields, the system is usually grounded through the equipment

which the 5518 is mounted. The rack should be connected to a solid earth ground by a wide copper strap — wire is completely ineffective at VHF because of the wire’s self-inductance.

Quick Setup

Quick Setup guides you through 5518 setup. Following this section, you can find more detailed information regarding setup beyond the Quick Setup screens.

For the following adjustments, use the appropriately labeled soft button to choose the parameter you wish to adjust. To change a parameter (like an output level), it is usually necessary to hold down the soft button while turning the knob. However, if there is only one parameter on a screen (like choosing 50 or 75µs preemphasis), you can change this with the knob alone. (You do not have to hold down a button.) Let the text on the screen guide you through the process.

1. Press the front-panel Setup button.

rack in

2. Press the Quick Setup soft button when its label appears on the display.

Quick Setup presents a guided sequence of screens into which you must insert information about your particular requirements. In general, the screens are selfexplanatory.

Use the Next and Prev buttons to navigate between screens. These buttons will flash to indicate that they are active.

If you leave Quick Setup before you complete all of the setup screens, reinvoking Quick Setup will return you to the screen you were on before you left Quick Setup.

3. Set the time.

Note that if your 5518 can be connected to the Internet via its Ethernet jack, you can configure the 5518’s internal clock to sync to an Internet timeserver. See Synchronizing 5518 to a Network Time Server

44. If you intend to synchronize the 5518’s clock to a timeserver, you may skip setting the time, date, and daylight In this case, press the Next button six times, or until “Select Preemphasis

savings time setting steps below.

on page 2-

2-12

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

with knob” appears. At this point, you will be at step 5.F) in this Quick Setup procedure.

When you enter Quick Setup for the first time, the set time screen appears.

A) Hold down the appropriate soft button while turning the knob to enter

hour, minute, and seconds. Enter seconds slightly ahead of the correct time.

B) Wait until the entered time agrees with the correct time. Then press the

NTER TIME button to set the clock.

4. Set the date.

Hold down the appropriate soft button while turning the knob to enter the day, month, and year.

5. Set up Daylight Saving Time (Summer Time).

A) After you press E

NTER DATE, you will see the SET DAYLIGHT SAVING screen. Turn

the knob to specify the date at which Daylight Saving Time begins in your area.

B) Press the Next

button.

C) Turn the knob to specify the date at which Daylight Saving Time begins in

your area.

D) Press the Next

button.

E) Turn the knob to specify the date at which Daylight Saving Time ends in your

area.

the

F) Press the N

EXT button.

G) Turn the knob to specify the week of the month when Standard Time begins.

6. Set transmission preemphasis.

A) Press the Next

button.

B) Select the transmission preemphasis (either 75S or 50S) used in your country

by turning the knob.

7. Select your primary input (analog or digital).

A) Press the Next

B) If your main input source is digital, turn the knob to select D

IGITAL+J17. Otherwise, select ANALOG.

DIGITAL, not DIGITAL+J17, is appropriate for almost anyone using the digi-

tal input. The only digital encoding that typically uses J.17 preemphasis (of which we are aware) is NICAM.

button.

IGITAL or

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

8. Set analog output feed.

The analog output emits the signal driving the 5518’s internal stereo encoder after the overshoot limiter. In most installations, this output is not used. However, this overshoot-controlled output can be useful to drive other stereo encoders that have no overshoot limiters.

2-13

A) Press the Next

button.

B) [Skip this step if you will not be using the analog left/right outputs.]

Turn the knob to choose FM or FM+D

FM+DELAY applies diversity delay to the analog output.

ELAY.

9. Set analog output to be flat or pre-emphasized.

A) Press the Next

button.

B) [Skip this step if you will not be using the analog left/right outputs.]

Turn the knob to choose

If you will use the analog output to drive a stereo encoder, PRE provides the best performance because the stereo encoder that receives the analog output does not have to restore the preemphasis. However, if you cannot defeat the preemphasis in your stereo encoder, or if you will use the analog output for monitoring, set the output FLAT.

If you are sending the analog output of the 5518 through a digital link that uses lossy compression (like MPEG, APT-X, or Dolby), set the output

LAT. Lossy codecs cannot handle pre-emphasized signals.

PRE-E (for preemphasis) or FLAT.

10. Set digital output to be flat or pre-emphasized.

(See the notes in step 8 above.)

A) Press the Next

button.

B) [Skip this step if you will not be using the digital output.]

Turn the knob to choose

(for a J.17 pre-emphasized output), PRE+J17 (for 50 or 75µs preem-

J.17 phasis cascaded with J.17 preemphasis), or F

PRE-E (for a 50 or 75µs pre-emphasized output),

LAT (which applies 50 or 75µs

deemphasis after the processing).

Regardless of the setting of this control, the processing is always internally preemphasized and thus always controls peaks to follow the 50 or 75µs preemphasis curve.

11. Set the digital output sample rate.

A) Press the Next

button.

B) [Skip this step if you will not be using the digital output.]

Turn the knob to set the Digital

OUTPUT SAMPLE RATE to 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2,

or 96 kHz.

2-14

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

The internal sample rate converter sets the rate at the 5518’s digital output. This adjustment allows you to set the output sample rate to ensure compatibility with equipment requiring a fixed sample rate. In all cases, the 5518’s fundamental sample rate is 32 kHz, ensuring that the output bandwidth is always strictly limited to 16 kHz and that the processed signal can be passed through a 32 kHz uncompressed STL without addition of overshoot.

If the DO SYNC and PILOT SYNC controls have been previously set in the IO

/ DIGITAL OUT calibration screens, the OUTPUT SAMPLE RATE control might be defeated. To set this control internally you must have the PILOT SYNC set to Internal and the DO

SYNC set to PILOT SYNC.

12. Prepare to set output levels.

A) Press the Next

button.

Warning: The next step will put a line-up tone on-air!

B) Press the Y

ES button.

13. Set the composite output level.

[Skip this step if you will not be using the composite output(s).]

A) Observe the modulation produced by the 5518’s C

OMPOSITE OUTPUT 1 on a

modulation monitor or modulation analyzer. Turn the knob to make the modulation monitor read 100% modulation (usually 75 kHz deviation).

B) Press the Next

button and repeat for COMPOSITE OUTPUT 2.

14. Set the digital output level.

(See the notes in step 8 above.)

A) Press the Next

button.

B) [Skip this step if you are not using the digital output.]

Turn the knob to set the desired digital output level corresponding to 100% modulation, in units of dB below full-scale.

The most accurate way to set this control is by observing a modulation monitor or analyzer connected to your transmitter.

15. Set the analog output level.

(See the notes in step 8 above.)

A) Press the Next

B) [Skip this step if you are not using the analog output.]

Turn the knob to set the desired analog output level corresponding to 100% modulation, in units of dBu (0 dBu = 0.775 Vrms).

The most accurate way to set this control is by observing a modulation monitor or analyzer connected to your transmitter.

button.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

C) Press the Next button.

The line-up tone will turn off.

2-15

D) Press the Next

This concludes the guided part of Quick Setup. To complete the setup, you must also perform the steps below unless they are indicated as “optional.”

16. Complete Station ID (optional).

The Station ID is an optional setting that you can provide to associate the 5518 with the station providing the program material (e.g., “Z-100”). The name can be up to eight characters long. It is used to identify your 5518 to Orban’s PC Remote application, and appears on the Main Screen when the 5518 is being controlled by the PC Remote application.

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Use the knob to set the each character in the ID. Use the Next and Prev but-

tons to control the cursor position.

C) When finished entering your name, press the SAVE button. If you escape to

the main screen from Setup, you can now see the station name toggle on the main screen.

17. Set up modulation reduction to compensate for subcarriers (optional).

In the United States, F.C.C. Rules permit you to add 0.5% modulation for every 1% increase in subcarrier injection. For example, if your subcarrier injection totals 20%, you can set the total modulation to 110% (82.5 kHz deviation). The 5518 has the ability to reduce audio modulation to compensate for subcarriers.

button.

> Next > TIME DATE AND ID > STATION ID.

The advantage of using the modulation reduction function is that the pilot injection stays constant when the audio modulation is reduced. However, using the modulation reduction function is slightly inconvenient because it requires programming and activating at least one 5518 GPI input. If you have the same sub- carrier injection at all times, a more convenient alternative is to set the desired modulation level by using the injection control until the injection equals 9% modulation.

If you wish to use the modulation reduction function anyway:

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Hold down the appropriate M

the amount of modulation reduction produced by the M

OD. REDUCTION 2 functions.

You can program these to be activated via any rear-panel GPI input or by the 5518’s clock-based automation.

When both modulation reduction functions are active, the modulation reduction is the sum of their settings.

> Next > MODULATN REDUCTN.

COMPOSITE LEVEL control(s). Then turn up the pilot

OD. REDUCTION button and turn the knob to set

OD. REDUCTION 1 and

2-16

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

To comply with FCC Rules, set the modulation reduction to one-half the injection of the associated subcarrier. For example, if your subcarrier injection totals 20% from two 10% subcarriers, set M

ODULATION REDUCTION 1

TO “5%” and MODULATION REDUCTION 2 to 5%. This will reduce your audio

modulation to 90% (100% – 5% – 5%). When you add back the 20% modulation due to the subcarriers, you get the required 110% total modulation.

The Modulation Reduction function is active as long as signal is applied to its associated GPI input.

C) Program the GPI input(s).

a) Navigate to Setup

> Next > NETWORK&REMOTE > REMOTE INTERFACE.

b) Using the Next button, scroll the screen until you see the button

corresponding to the GPI terminal you wish to program.

c) Hold down this button and turn the knob until you see M

OD. REDUCTION 2 as desired.

or M

OD. REDUCTION 1

To program clock-based automation to activate modulation reduction, follow the instructions found in “Using Clock-Based Automation” on page 2-27.

18. Turn the 5518’s ITU-412 MPX power controller off.

If the MPX power controller is turned on, turn it off. When on, it causes gain reduction that makes it impossible to set the AI and DI reference level controls correctly with test tones generated by the equipment driving the 5518’s input. See step 29 on page 2-22.

19. Recall the ST ENC NO LIM preset.

A) Press the Recall button on the 5518’s front panel.

B) Turn the knob until S

It is likely that the ST ENC NO LIMIT is already active because it is the only factory preset in the 5518. However, user presets might exist unless your 5518 is brand new or has been reset to its factory defaults. (To set the 5518 to its factory defaults, see If You Have Forgotten Your Passcode on page 2-33.)

T ENC NO LIMIT is visible in the lower line of the display.

C) Press the Recall Next button.

The L/R protection limiting and composite limiter are now inactive. This makes it easier to adjust modulation using a test tone.

20. Adjust the input to accept a flat or preemphasized signal.

Note for users of J.17 preemphasis: If you are using the digital input and set it to DIGITAL+J17 in step (7.B) on page 2-12, the 5518 will first apply J.17 deemphasis to the digital input signal. It will then preemphasize it at 50 or 75 µs or leave it unchanged, following the setting of the I

The J.17 option is rarely used; it applies mainly to NICAM links. You can set most OPTIMOD-FMs to emit a J.17-preemphasized signal with or

NPUT PRE-

MPH CONTROL, as adjusted in the steps immediately below.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

without additional 50 or 75 µs preemphasis. For example, see step (10.B) on page 2-13.

A) Press the Modify button.

2-17

B) If you do not see the A

PPLY EMPH soft button, press the Next button until it

appears.

C) While holding down the A

PPLY EMPH soft button, rotate the knob to match

the 5518 to the input signal’s preemphasis.

All FM audio processing chains must include a preemphasis limiter to prevent high frequency overmodulation. Therefore, regardless of whether you choose YES or NO in this step, you must ensure that the signal driving the 5518 stereo encoder has already received 50 µs or 75 µs preemphasis limiting. (Any OPTIMOD-FM will perform preemphasis limiting.) You must set the 50 or 75 µs preemphasis in the audio processor driving the 5518 to be the same as the 5518’s preemphasis setting.

 Choose YES if the input signal has no 50 or 75 µs preemphasis.

YES causes the 5518 to apply 50 or 75 µs preemphasis to the input signal,

following the preemphasis setting you specified in step (6.B) in Quick Setup (page 2-12).

 Choose NO if your input signal has already been pre-emphasized to 50 or 75

µs.

In step 6 in Quick Setup (page 2-12), make sure that you have set the 5518’s preemphasis to match the preemphasis (50 or 75 µs) of the input signal. Even though the 5518 is not applying preemphasis, its L/R overshoot limiter needs to be aware of the input signal’s preemphasis because the overshoot limiter uses different algorithms for 50 and 75 µs. This minimizes audible limited-induced artifacts.

Usually, the STL adds less peak overshoot to its input signal if its input and output signals are preemphasized. Doing this eliminates several stages of deemphasis and preemphasis. However, if the STL uses lossy digital compression (like MP2), you must apply a flat signal to the STL and restore the preemphasis in the 5518. Studio-Transmitter Link (starting on page 1-11) has a thorough discussion of these issues.

21. Adjust the input lowpass filter.

A) If you do not see the I

pears.

B) While holding down the I

off frequency of the phase-linear lowpass filter at the 5518’s input.

It is usually unnecessary to use this filter; you may set it OUT unless you need to remove out of band noise from a noisy STL.

To minimize filter-induced overshoot, set the cutoff frequency as high as possible. While this filter introduces no phase distortion, it will add overshoot if it removes a significant amount of the high frequency energy that was present at the output of the audio processing driving the 5518.

NPUT LPF soft button, press the Next button until it ap-

NPUT LPF soft button, rotate the knob to set the cut-

2-18

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

If you are using an OPTIMOD-FM 8000, 8100, 8500, or 8600 audio processor to drive the STL, set the 5518’s L are using any other OPTIMOD-FM, set the filter to OUT, 16 KHZ or 17 KHZ.

OWPASS FILTER to OUT or 17 KHZ. If you

22. Set the analog input reference level.

[Skip this step if you will not be using the analog input.]

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Set the I

NPUT to Analog.

The 5518 will automatically switch to analog input if signal lock is unavailable at the AES3 input.

> I/O CALIB > ANLG IN CALIB > INPUT.

C) Apply a 50 Hz sine wave the 5518’s analog input (usually through an STL) and

set the peak level of the tone to equal the maximum peak output level produced by the FM audio processor driving the 5518.

All digital OPTIMOD-FM processors have a built-in tone oscillator that can generate this tone. Set the modulation in the driving OPTIMOD-FM’s tone generator to 100%.

Tone alignment does not account for any overshoots that the STL might generate with program material. Normally, you will use the 5518’s left/right overshoot limiter and/or composite limiter to eliminate such overshoots. Do not substitute these limiters for the peak limiters in the audio processor driving the STL. The 5518’s overshoot limiters should only be used to eliminate 3 dB or less STL-induced overshoot.

D) Navigate to Setup > I/O CALIB > ANLG IN CALIB > AI REF. Adjust the AI REF control

to produce 100% composite modulation (usually ±75 kHz carrier deviation) as indicated on a modulation monitor or analyzer connected to your FM transmitter’s output.

If you set the composite output level correctly in step 13 on page 2-14, you should see the 5518’s composite level meter indicate 100% modulation when the AI set the composite output level correctly in this earlier step. This will correctly match the 5518’s composite limiter threshold to the FM carrier deviation produced by the transmitter and will ensure that the 5518’s headroom is used correctly. If you are not sure whether the 5518’s composite output level was set correctly, refer to step (5.C) on page 2-24. Use “tone” method to set modulation. This uses the 5518’s internal tone oscillator.

REF control is set correctly. It is very important to have

23. Set the digital input reference level.

[Skip this step if you will not be using the digital input.]

Refer to the notes in step 22 above.

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Apply a 50 Hz sine wave the 5518’s digital input (usually through an STL) and

set the level of the tone to correspond to 100% peak modulation of the composite stereo baseband signal. This level should be the same as the maximum peak output level produced by the FM audio processor driving the 5518. If

> I/O CALIB > DIG IN CALIB > INPUT and set the input to DIGITAL.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

you are driving the 5518 with a digital OPTIMOD-FM, use its lineup tone oscillator.

2-19

C) Navigate to Setup

> I/O CALIB > DIG IN CALIB > DI REF. Adjust the DI REF control

to produce 100% composite modulation (usually ±75 kHz carrier deviation) as indicated on a modulation monitor or analyzer connected to your FM transmitter’s output.

24. Activate the L/R Peak Limiter (optional)

A) Press the Modify button.

B) If you do not see the L/R

LIM soft button, press the Next button until it ap-

pears.

C) Set the control to I

This activates a peak limiter that controls peaks with a combination of look-ahead limiting and band-limited clipping. There are two limiters, operating independently on the left and right channels. They are intended only to remove overshoots caused by the STL. If used for more than 3 dB of peak reduction, they can cause audible side effects. To minimize audible distortion, it always better to minimize overshoots in the STL itself instead of relying on the L/R peak limiter to remove them.

25. Activate the Composite Limiter (optional)

To operate successfully in SSB/VSB mode, you must activate the composite limiter.

A) Press the Modify button.

B) If you do not see the MPX

it appears. Then select either H

When operating as a hard clipper, the composite limiter will produce maximum brightness in the frequency range from 5 to 15 kHz because, unlike left/right audio-domain clippers, it can produce square waves in this frequency range. The downside compared to Half-Cosine mode is that it can noticeably compromise stereo imaging.

When operating in Half-Cosine mode, the composite limiter produces somewhat less brightness but does not compromise stereo imaging. Because this mode produces lower subjective distortion, Orban’s factory programmers prefer the sound of the Half-Cosine mode.

In either mode, the baseband output is overshoot compensated and bandlimited to 53 kHz, unlike conventional composite clippers.

ARD mode is only available when the 5518 is operated as a stand-

The H alone stereo encoder. In the 5518’s audio processor mode, its composite limiter always operates in Half-Cosine mode.

LIMIT MODE soft button, press the Next button until

ARD or HALFCOS modes.

C) If you do not see the MPX LIM DR soft button, press the Next button until it

appears.

D) Adjust the control as desired.

2-20

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

We recommend setting the control to “0.” This sets the limiter threshold to be the same as the analog and digital reference levels, which correspond to 100% baseband tone modulation. This setting only removes overshoots.

Setting the control higher than “0” drives the limiter harder, causing progressively more limiting action but also more distortion, the texture of which depends on whether the MPX

ALFCOS. The composite limiter is less forgiving than the L/R Peak Limiter

because it operates more like a pure clipper.

LIMIT MODE is set to HARD or

26. Save your work as a User Preset.

It is important to save your settings as a User Preset to preserve your work. You can create as many User Presets as you wish, each customized for a particular application, although most stand-alone stereo encoder applications will require only one User Preset. See To Create or Save a User Preset on page 3-3.

27. Program Silence Sense (optional)

If you are using the 5518 in stereo encoder mode, you can switch automatically from its digital input to its analog inputs if the I

program the 5518 to

NPUT

SOURCE is set to DIGITAL and the signal at the digital input falls silent.

There are two silence detectors, one for the analog input and one for the digital input. The silence sense parameters apply to both simultaneously. Both detectors are available to drive the 5518’s tally outputs but only the “digital input” silence detector is used for automatic input switching. (See step 28 below.)

Silence sense will be activated if either channel falls silent, thus also protecting against “loss-of-one-stereo-channel” faults.

If silence is detected at the analog input as well as the digital input (as in the case of a studio operational fault), automatic switching will not occur.

When an active signal is restored to the digital input, the 5518 will automatically switch back to that input.

A) Navigate to Setup > SILENCE THRESHOLD and set the Silence Threshold to the

level below which the 5518 will interpret the input as being silent.

This setting is with respect to the current analog reference level and digital reference level.

B) Press Next as necessary to see the SILENCE DELAY control. Set it to the amount

of time that the input must be below the Silence Threshold before the 5518 automatically switches to the analog input.

C) Press Next as necessary to see the A

you wish the 5518 to switch automatically from the digital to analog input when silence is detected. Set the control to N

NALOG FALLBACK control. Set it to YES if

O to defeat automatic switching.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

28. Program Tally Outputs.

[Skip this step if you do not wish to use the tally outputs.]

See step 6 on page 2-4 for wiring instructions.

ou can program the two tally outputs to indicate a number of different opera-

tional and fault conditions.

2-21

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Program tally output #1.

To program a given tally output, press and hold the soft button associated with the output you are programming. As you turn the control knob, the functions listed below will appear in the highlighted field.

 Input: Analog: Indicates that the 5518 is processing audio from its analog

input.

 Input: Digital: Indicates that the 5518 is processing audio from its AES3

digital input.

 Analog Input Silent: Indicates that the level at either or both analog in-

put channels is below the threshold set in step 26 on page 2-20.

 AES Input Silent: Indicates that the level at either or both digital

channels is below the threshold set in step 26 on page 2-20.

Currently, this feature applies only to the stand-alone stereo encoder mode.

 AES Input Error: Indicates that the 5518’s AES input receiver chip has de-

tected a problem with the data being received such that the data is unusable. When the chip detects such an error, it automatically switches the input to A

NALOG.

> NETWORK REMOTE > REMOTE INTERFACE > TALLY 1.

input

 Sync Reference Input Error: Indicates that the 5518 has detected a prob-

lem with the signal being received at the sync reference input such that the signal is unusable.

o When pilot sync is specified (SETUP > I/O CALIB > DIG OUT CALIB > DO

SYNC) and such an error is detected, the 5518 automatically switches

the sync source to the digital input.

o If there is no valid digital input signal at the digital input, the sync

source defaults to the 5518’s internal clock.

 No Function: Tally output is disabled.

C) Program tally output #2 if you wish, following the procedure in step (B) above

with the T

ALLY OUT2 button.

2-22

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

29. Activate the 5518’s ITU-R BS412-9 multiplex power controller (optional).

[Skip this step if ITU-R BS412 is not enforced in your country. At the time of this writing, it is only enforced in certain European countries. If your country does not enforce ITU-R BS412, set the ITU412-9 control to OFF.]

[Be sure that the multiplex power controller is turned off until you have finished setting up the other stereo encoder parameters. Otherwise, it will interfere with setting output levels.]

If you are driving the 5518 with an OPTIMOD-FM that includes a MPX power controller and you need to obey BS412-9, turn on the MPX Power Controller in the OPTIMOD-FM driving the 5518 and do not turn on the 5518’s MPX power controller. This will minimize peak limiting artifacts in the OPTIMOD-FM. If your BS412 modulation monitor indicates too much or too little MPX power, adjust the ITU412 control on the driving OPTIMOD-FM until the monitor indicates that the power is being controlled correctly. Only if the MPX power changes as a function of program material (which might occur if the path between the driving OPTIMOD-FM and the 5518 introduces severe overshoots) should you activate the 5518’s MPX power controller to correct this problem. In this case, adjust the

ITU412

least the maximum permitted MPX power. The MPX power controller in the 5518 will then only eliminate power overshoots caused by the STL instead of controlling all MPX power itself.

control of the driving Optimod so that all program material produces at

To activate the 5518 MPX power controller:

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Set the multiplex power threshold by holding the ITU412 button down and

turning the knob so that the display indicates 0.0 dB.

If your transmission system introduces overshoot in the signal path after the 5518 (including the transmitter), instead set the multiplex power threshold so that it equals the amount of peak overshoot (in dB) in the transmission system. If you do not do this, the 5518’s ITU-R BS412 controller will set the average multiplex power too low.

The easiest way to measure system overshoot is to turn the multiplex power controller off temporarily. Then set the 5518’s output level (using its built-in 100Hz reference tone) so that the transmitter produces 75 kHz deviation. Finally, play program material with lots of high frequency energy and bass transients (like bright rock music with heavy kick drum) and observe the peak deviation produced by the program material. The overshoot is the amount (in dB) by which the deviation with program material exceeds 75 kHz deviation.

See ITU-R Multiplex Power Controller on page 3-4.

The following material provides detailed instructions on how to set up the 5518. If QUICK SETUP does not fully address your setup needs or if you wish to customize your system beyond those provided with QUICK SETUP, then you may need the additional information in the sections below. However, for most users, this material is

> STEREO ENCODER > Next > ITU412.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

only for reference because QUICK SETUP has enabled them to set up the 5518 correctly.

Analog and Digital I/O Setup

For the following adjustments, use the appropriately labeled soft button to choose the parameter to be adjusted. To change a parameter (like an output level), it is usually necessary to hold down the soft button while turning the knob.

1. Adjust Input selector.

2-23

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Set the I

The 5518 will automatically switch to analog input if signal lock is unavailable at the AES3 input.

2. Adjust Analog Input Reference Level.



9 dBu to +13 dBu (VU), or –1 to +21 dBu (PPM)] in 0.5 dB steps

[

See step 22 on page 2-18.

3. Adjus

[Skip this step if the channels are already satisfactorily balanced.]

[3 dB to +3 dB] on right channel only, 0.1 dB steps

Adjust the R

NPUT to ANALOG.

t Right Channel Balance.

CH BAL control to achieve correct left/right channel balance.

This is not a balance control like those found in consumer audio products. This control changes gain of the right channel only. Use this control if the right analog input to the 5518 is not at exactly the same level as the left input. This control should only be use if the left and right gains between the output of your audio processor and the input to the 5518 are not identical. Normally, this control should be set to 0 dB.

> I/O CALIB > ANLG IN CALIB > INPUT.

4. Adjust the Digital Input Reference Level and Right Balance controls.

[Skip this step if you will not be using the digital input.]

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Repeat steps 2 through 3 (starting on page 2-23), but use the DI

PPM) and R CH BAL controls for the digital section. See also step 23 on page 2-18.

5. Configure Compos

A) Navigate to Setup

to 50µs or 75µs, depending on your country’s standard.

> I/O CALIB > DIG IN CALIB > INPUT and set the input to Digital.

ite Outputs

> STEREO ENCODER > Next > PRE-EMPH. Set the preemphasis

REF (VU OR

2-24

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

B) Set PILOT

LVL to 9%.

If you have to reduce the setting of the composite level (COMP1 LV or COMP2 LV) control to accommodate overshoots in the transmission path

following the 5518 (including the transmitter), you may have to increase the setting of the

PILOT LEVEL so that the pilot is still at 9% modulation.

C) Set the peak modulation using the 5518’s built-in calibration tone oscillator.

a) Navigate to Setup

b) Set the M

c) Set T

d) Set T

ODE to TONE.

ONE FREQ to 100 HZ.

ONE LVL to 91%. (This assumes you are using 9% pilot injection, in

> TEST.

which case the peak level at the composite output is now the same as the maximum peak level under program conditions.)

e) Press the Next key.

f) Set T

g) Verify that P

ONE CHAN to L+R.

ILOT is ON.

h) Adjust the relevant output level control so that your peak modulation is

100%.

i) When you have finished with the tone, set the M

ODE to OPERATE.

D) If your country enforces the ITU-412 multiplex power standard, set ITU412 to

N. See step 29 on page 2-22.

E) If you are using the 5518’s pilot reference output to drive a subcarrier genera-

tor, set the 19

K REF control to the phase relationship between the 19 kHz ref-

erence and the 5518’s pilot tone required by your subcarrier generator. In most cases, this will be 0 degrees.

F) Press the Next button. If you need to apply the 5518’s diversity delay to the

composite outputs, set D

It is not possible to apply the delay to only one of the two composite outputs.

VRSTY DLY to IN. Otherwise, set it to OUT.

G) If you are using the diversity delay, set its value using the DVRSTY DLY TRIM

control. The control sets the delay applied to the composite, analog, and digital outputs when these outputs have been configured to receive delay.

While it is possible to activate or defeat the diversity delay independently for the analog output, digital output, and composite outputs, it is not possible to apply different amounts of delay to different outputs.

H) Press the Next button. Be sure that MODE is set to STEREO and XTALK TEST is set

PERATE. Reset these parameters if necessary.

to O

I) You can specify the amount by which the 5518 automatically reduces main

and stereo subchannel modulation to accommodate subcarriers within the modulation limits specified by the governing authority. See step 17 on page 2-

15.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

6. Set analog output and configuration level.

(Usually, the analog output will not be used and you can skip this step. However, the analog output can be useful in some facilities. See the notes in step 8 on page 2-13.)

2-25

A) Navigate to Setup

output preemphasis to P

If you will use the analog output to drive a stereo encoder, PRE-E provides the best performance because the stereo encoder does not have to restore the preemphasis. (Its magnitude and phase response may not perfectly complement that of the deemphasis applied by the 5518 to its processed output when the 5518’s output is set FLAT. This can introduce overshoots in the overall transmission chain.) However, if you cannot defeat the preemphasis in your stereo encoder or if you will use the analog output for monitoring, set the output FLAT.

If you are sending the analog output of the 5518 through a digital link that uses lossy compression (like MPEG, APT-X, or Dolby), set the output

LAT. Lossy codecs cannot handle pre-emphasized signals.

> I/O CALIB > ANLG OUT CALIB > AO PRE-E. Set the analog

RE-E (for preemphasis) or FLAT.

B) Set the AO SOURCE to FM, FM+DELAY, or MONITOR.

FM: This produces a fully peak-controlled output suitable for driving a transmitter.

FM+Delay: This produces a fully peak-controlled output suitable for driving a transmitter. Up to 16 seconds of diversity delay can be applied to this output. To set the amount of delay, refer to step (G) on page 2-24.

C) To set your on-air modulation, turn on the 100 Hz calibration tone and set it

to 100%.

The peak level at the analog output is now the same as the maximum peak level under program conditions when the AO PRE-E control is set to PRE-E and the AO REF or DO REF controls have been set correctly (step 22 on page 2-18 and step 23 on page 2-18).

This peak level should agree 100% is equal to the RMS value of a sinewave whose peak value is equal to the maximum peak output of the analog output under program conditions if the AO

E = +10.0 dBu, the peak output is 5.77 volts, which corresponds to a

sinewave whose RMS values is 4.08 volts. Program material peaks of frequent recurrence will not exceed 5.77 volts peak.

See step (5.C) on page 2-24 for instructions on how to turn on the calibration tone and set its frequency and level.

PRE-E control is set to PRE-E. For example, when AO PRE-

with the setting of the AO

100% control. AO

D) Using the AO 100% button, set the desired analog output level corresponding

to 100% modulation, using units of dBu (0 dBu = 0.775 Vrms).

The most accurate way to set this control is by observing a modulation analyzer connected to your transmitter.

In the United States, F.C.C. Rules permit you to add 0.5% modulation for every 1% increase in subcarrier injection. For example, if your subcarrier injection totals 20%, you can set the total modulation to 110% (82.5 kHz deviation). This implies that you must set the 5518’s composite out-

2-26

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

put level for the equivalent of 90% modulation, not counting the subcarriers. (90% + 20% = 110%.) The pilot injection will thus be about 8% modulation instead of the desired 9%. Adjust the

Setup > STEREO

ENCODER > Next > PILOT LVL control as necessary to produce 9% modu-

lation (6.75 kHz deviation). This will ordinarily require you to set the

PILOT LVL parameter to “10%.”

7. Set digital output and configuration level.

[Skip this step if you will not be using the digital output.]

[See the notes in step 6 immediately above.]

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Set the DO

C) Set the DO

PRE-E control to PRE-E (for preemphasis), PRE+J17, J.17 or FLAT.

RATE to 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz.

The 5518’s fundamental sample rate is always 32 kHz, ensuring that the output bandwidth is always strictly limited to 16 kHz and that the processed signal can be passed through a 32 kHz uncompressed STL without addition of overshoot. However, the internal sample rate converter sets the rate at the 5518’s digital output. This adjustment allows you to set the output sample rate to ensure compatibility with equipment requiring a fixed sample rate.

D) Set the PILOT SYNC.

The PILOT SYNC control determines the reference frequency source to which the 19 kHz pilot tone frequency is locked. (To do this, the DSP clock is locked to this frequency.) The choices are DIG IN (the AES3 or AES11 signal appearing at the 5518’s digital input), REF IN (the 10 MHz or 1x wordclock applied to the 5518’s REF IN BNC connector), or INTERNAL (the internal crystal-controlled DSP clock oscillator).

 If DIG IN is chosen and no valid signal is available at the unit’s digital

input, the 5518 automatically switches the sync source to the R BNC connector. If there is no valid digital input signal at the reference input, the sync source defaults to the 5518’s internal clock.

 If R

EF IN is chosen and there is no valid input signal at the REF IN BNC

connector, the sync source defaults to the 5518’s internal clock.

> I/O CALIB > DIG OUT CALIB.

EF IN

E) Press Next. Then set the DO SYNC.

You can choose PILOT SYNC (the DSP clock frequency reference as determined by the P chronized to the sample rate appearing at the 5518’s AES3 input).

 If DIG IN is chosen and no valid signal is available at the unit’s digital

F) Set the desired output WORD LENGTH.

[14], [16], [18], [20], or [24], in bits

The largest valid word length in the 5518 is 24 bits

ILOT SYNC control) or DIG IN (the output sample rate is syn-

input, the 5518 automatically switches the sync source to the source determined by the P

ILOT SYNC control.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

The 5518 can also truncate its output word length to 20, 18, 16 or 14 bits. The 5518 can add dither for input material that is insufficiently dithered for these lower word lengths (see the next step).

G) Adjust DITHER to IN or OUT, as desired.

[In] or [Out]

When set to In, the 5518 adds “highpass” dither before any truncation of the output word. The amount of dither automatically tracks the setting of the W considerably reduces added noise in the midrange by comparison to white PDF dither. However, unlike extreme noise shaping, it adds a maximum of 3 dB of excess total noise power when compared to white PDF dither. Thus, it is a good compromise between white PDF dither and extreme noise shaping.

If the source material has already been correctly dithered (as is true for virtually all commercially recorded material), you may set this control to

ORD LENGTH control. This is first-order noise shaped dither that

OUT. However, particularly if you use the Noise Reduction feature, the

processing can sometimes attenuate input dither so that it is insufficient to dither the output correctly. In this case, you should add dither within the 5518.

2-27

H) Set DIGITAL FORMAT to AES or SPDIF.

SPDIF is the standard consumer format; AES is almost always correct in professional facilities.

I) Set the DO SOURCE to FM, FM+DELAY, or MONITOR.

See the notes in step (6.B) in page 2-25.

J) Press the Prev button.

K) Using a modulation monitor or modulation analyzer, adjust the DO

trol to make the modulation monitor read 100% modulation (usually 75 kHz deviation).

See the notes in step (6.D) on page 2-25.

8. Customize your on-air preset for your transmission path.

Refer to steps 19 through 26 starting on page 2-16. Remember to save your work as a User Preset (step 26).

Automation Using the 5518’s Internal Clock

1. If you have not already done so, set the system clock.

100% con-

[You can also set the clock automatically via PC Remote or the Internet. See Synchronizing 5518 to a Network Time Server starting on page 2-44.]

A) Navigate to Setup

> Next > TIME DATE AND ID > SET TIME.

a) Set hours and minutes.

2-28

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

b) Enter seconds slightly ahead of the correct time.

c) Wait until the entered time agrees with the correct time. Then press the

NTER TIME button to set the clock.

B) Press the S

ET DATE button.

a) Set today’s date, using the days, month, and year buttons.

b) Press the E

C) Press the D

a) Using the Daylight Saving (DT

NTER DATE button.

AYLIGHT TIME button.

MONTH and DT WEEK) buttons, set the month

and week when Daylight Saving Time (Summer Time) begins, or O

b) Using the Standard Time (ST

MONTH and ST WEEK) buttons, set the month

and week when Daylight Saving Time (Summer Time) ends.

Note that setting DT MONTH, DT WEEK, ST MONTH, or ST WEEK to OFF will defeat Daylight Time functionality.

c) Press the Escape key to back out of the daylight saving screen.

D) (Optional) Press the S

TATION ID button to specify your station’s identifier (call

sign or call letters).

a) Use the knob to select characters. Use the Prev and Next

the cursor.

b) When you are finished, press

SAVE.

2. Navigate to Setup > Next > Automation.

FF.

buttons to move

If the A

UTOMATION button reads DISABLED, hold it down and turn the knob to en-

able automation.

This button allows you to easily enable or disable all automation events without having to edit individual automation events.

3. To add an automation event:

A) Push the A

DD EVENT button.

B) Choose whether you wish to program an event that occurs only once or an

event that follows a daily or weekly schedule.

C) For events that occur only once:

a) Use the Prev

and turn the knob so that is reads “

b) Use the Prev

and Next buttons to move the cursor over the word “DAILY:”

DATE:” instead.

and Next buttons to move the cursor to the day, month, and

year when the automation event will occur. Set the desired values with the knob.

c) Use the Prev

and Next buttons to move the cursor set the hour, minute, and

second (in 24-hour format) when the automation event is to occur. Set the desired values with the knob.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

D) For events that occur on a daily or weekly schedule:

2-29

a) Use the Prev

in turn, and use the rotary encoder to turn the day on or off.

You can program the event to occur on as many days of the week as you wish.

b) Use the Prev and Next buttons to move the cursor set the hour, minute, and

second (in 24-hour format — e.g., 18:00:00 for 6:00 PM) when the automation event is to occur. Set the desired values with the knob.

Automation events have a “start” time but no “stop” time. The 5518 will indefinitely remain in the state specified by an existing automation event until its state is changed by another automation event or by another action (such as a user’s interacting with the front panel or PC Remote software).

E) For all events:

a) Press the S

b) Turn the knob to set the desired event. The available events are:

 Recall factory preset

 Recall user preset

 stereo mode

 mono-from-left-channel (MONO-L) mode

and Next buttons to move the cursor the each day of the week

ELECT EVENT button.

 mono-from right-channel (MONO-R) mode

 mono-from-sum-of-channels (MONO-SUM)

 compatible SSB/VSB mode (SSB).

See SSB Stereo Encoder Operation on page 3-6 for more information.

 bypass mode

 Independently activate and defeat the diversity delay applied to the

analog, digital, and composite outputs.

 exit test (restores the operating preset that was on-air before a test

mode was invoked)

 mod. reduction 1

 mod. reduction 2

 exit mod. reduction

F) When you have programmed an event to your satisfaction, press the S

EVENT button.

You will return to the automation menu.

AVE

2-30

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

4. To edit an existing event:

A) Press the V

B) Select Next/Prev to sort by either the event times or event tasks.

C) Turn the knob until you see the event you wish to edit.

D) Press the E

E) Edit the event as desired. Use the same technique as adding an event.

See step 3 on page 2-28.

F) Press the S

5. To delete an event:

A) Press the D

B) Select Next/Prev to sort by either the event times or event tasks.

C) Choose the event to delete with the knob.

You can search by date or by event (i.e., recalling a given preset). Use the

button to navigate from one type of search to the other type.

D) When you have located the event you want to remove, press the D

EVENT button.

IEW/EDIT EVENT button.

DIT EVENT button.

AVE EVENT button to store your edits.

ELETE EVENT button.

This action will immediately delete the event. There is no “are you sure” warning message. To abort the deletion, press the ESC button, not the

DELETE EVENT button.

ELETE

Security and Passcode Programming

[Skip this step if you do not plan to use PC Remote software or do not plan to lock out the front panel locally.]

The 5518 has several levels of security to prevent unauthorized people from changing its programming or operating state. Security controls access to the front panel and to anyone connecting to the 5518 through a direct serial connection, dial-up networking (through modems), or its Ethernet port.

The security levels are:

1. All Access (i.e., administrator level)

2. All Access except Security

3. All Access except Modify and Security

4. Recall, Modify and Automation

5. Recall Presets and Program Automation

6. Recall Presets

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

A single Level 1 (All Access) passcode, known only to the engineer responsible for the technical operation of the station, is usually appropriate for a 5518 installation.

Starting with version 1.2.1 software, there is a default All-Access passcode: 1234. This allows PC Remote users to connect to the 5500 if they forgot to add a passcode from the 5500’s front panel. Like any other default passcode, it should be erased

and replaced by a strong custom passcode as soon as possible. See To Delete a Passcode on page 2-32 and To Create a Passcode below. Note that if you fail to create a

custom regenerated automatically the next time your Optimod is turned off and back on.

The 5518 secures User Presets by encrypting them (using the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm with the session passcode as its key) when PC Remote fetches them. Hence, a packet sniffer cannot intercept User Presets in plaintext form. PC Remote then writes the fetched User Presets in encrypted form on your hard drive, where they remain for the duration of your PC Remote session.

passcode and merely delete the 1234 passcode, the 1234 passcode will be

If PC Remote exits normally, it will erase these temporary User Preset files from your computer’s hard disk. If it does not exit normally, these files will remain in encrypted form. However, the next time that PC Remote starts up, it will automatically clean up any orphaned files.

2-31

To Create a Passcode:

A) Navigate to Setup > SECURITY > ADD PASSCODES.

If the front panel is already password protected, you can only access this screen by entering a passcode with All Access privileges.

B) Use the four soft buttons, labeled“1,” “2,” “3,” and “4,” to create a passcode.

Passcodes can be up to eight characters long but can only contain the characters “1,” “2,” “3,” and “4.” This limitation makes it easy to enter a passcode using the four available soft buttons.

C) When you have finished entering your new passcode, write it down so you do

not forget it. Then press the Next button.

If you wish to discard the passcode you just entered, press the ESC button instead. Then return to step (B).

D) The PERMISSIONS screen appears. Turn the knob to choose the permission level

for the passcode you just created.

If you wish to discard the passcode you just entered, press the PREV button to return to the Enter Passcode screen or ESC to return to the Security screen.

E) Press the Next button to save your new passcode.

To Edit a Passcode:

A) Navigate to Setup

> SECURITY > VIEW-EDIT PASSCODES.

2-32

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

If the front panel is already password protected, you can only access this screen by entering a passcode with ALL ACCESS privileges.

B) Turn the knob until you see the passcode you want to edit.

C) Press the Next

button. The Permissions screen appears.

D) Turn the knob to set the desired permission level for the passcode you are ed-

iting.

E) Press the Next button to confirm your choice.

Your new permission level is stored and the Security menu appears.

To Delete a Passcode:

A) Navigate to SETUP > SECURITY > DELETE PASSCODES.

If the front panel is already password protected, you can only access this screen by entering a passcode with All Access privileges.

B) Turn the knob until you see the passcode you want to delete.

C) Press the Next

D) Press the Y

button. The Confirm Delete screen appears.

ES soft button to delete the passcode. Press the NO or ESCAPE

buttons to abort deleting the passcode.

To Lock the Front Panel Immediately:

After you have adjusted the processor, to maximize security you will often want to lock it immediately without waiting for the timeout. To do so:

A) Press the Setup button.

B) Press the L

OCK NOW soft button.

To Program local lockout:

A) Navigate to Setup > SECURITY.

If the front panel is already password protected, you can only access this screen by entering a passcode with ALL ACCESS privileges.

B) Hold down the AUTOLOCK soft button and turn the knob to set the desired

lockout time (if any).

You can program the lockout delay time (in hours:minutes) from 15 minutes to 8 hours, or O local front panel control and when the front panel automatically locks itself out, requiring that you enter a passcode to regain front panel control of the 5518.

Autolock can only be turned on if at least one passcode exists with A ACCESS privileges because an ALL ACCESS passcode is required to fully unlock the panel or to turn off the Autolock function.

FF. This is the time delay between the last access to a

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

C) Press the Escape button to leave the Security menu.

To Unlock the Front Panel:

A) On the 5518 front panel, operate any button or the knob.

The P

ASSCODE screen will appear.

B) Enter a passcode using the four soft buttons.

The 5518 functionality that you can access depends on the security level of the passcode that you entered.

After you have finished working, the panel will automatically re-lock after the time delay you set in Setup new delay at any time if you have an A

> SECURITY > AUTOLOCK. (You can set a

LL ACCESS passcode.)

Dial-up Networking and the Passcode

When you make a Windows Dial-up Networking connection, Windows will ask you for your passcode. To allow the connection to occur, enter any passcode that you set at the 5518’s front panel. Once your PC is connected to the 5518, you will be able to access the 5518 functionality corresponding to the security level of your passcode.

2-33

If you have not set a passcode, leave the Windows dialog box blank.

If You Have Forgotten Your Passcode

You can reset factory defaults and wipe out security passcodes (in case you forgot

LL ACCESS passcode).

your A

A) Remove power from the 5518.

B) While pressing both the Escape and Setup buttons, restore power.

The Restore Defaults screen appears.

C) To gain access to the 5518, press the E

D) Reprogram passcodes as necessary; see To Create a Passcode on page 2-31.

The RESTORE DEFAULTS button (in the Restore all System Setup and Input/Output parameters to their factory default settings. It also erases all passcodes. You should never need to use this button in an existing installation, although it is a convenient way to make the 5518 “factory fresh” if it is being installed in a different facility.

The RESTORE DEFAULTS button takes you to a screen that allows you to keep or erase any user presets that exist in your unit.

RASE ALL PASSCODES soft button.

Defaults screen) restores

2-34

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

Administering the 5518 through its Serial Port or

Ethernet

Connecting to the 5518’s Ethernet Port or Serial Port via a Terminal Program on a PC

You can connect a terminal emulation application to the 5518’s Ethernet or Serial ports via TCP/IP, port 23 (which is the standard Telnet port and the 5518 factory default). When connected like this, you can:

 recall presets (step 1 on page 2-37)

 turn the diversity delay on and off for a specified output (step 2 on page 2-38)

 trim the diversity delay (step 3 on page 2-38)

 Select the analog or digital input as the audio source (step 4 on page 2-39)

 Fetch real-time operational status information

2-39)

 Fetch information about the active processing preset (step 6 on page 2-40)

 Fetch diagnostic information from the 5518 (step 7 on page 2-40)

This interface can be used to allow custom third-party mation systems) to recall presets, view status and set the controls listed above. However, you cannot restore defaults, set security passcodes and change networking controls via Ethernet or the serial port. You can set those controls by using 5518 PC Remote software. (See Installing 5518 PC Remote Control Software on page 2-47.)

 The serial port connection uses the PPP protocol.

 To set a different port number:

A) From the main menu, navigate to Setup

B) Press the T

The current setting of the Terminal Port appears.

a) Use the Next and Prev keys to move the cursor in turn to each digit in the

terminal port number. Use the knob to set the digit to the desired value. Repeat until you have selected all the numbers in the IP address assigned by your network administrator

ERMINAL PORT soft button.

If the TERMINAL PORT soft button is not visible, press the Next/Prev buttons until it is.

from the Optimod (step 5 on page

applications (including auto-

> NETWORK&REMOTE > NETWORK.

b) Press the S

 The IP address for this Ethernet connection is the same as the IP address set in

step (1.B) on page 2-42 and is visible in the Setup

AVE soft button to confirm your setting.

> NETWORK&REMOTE > NETWORK

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

screen. A serial connection uses a fixed IP address: 192.168.168.101.

To control the 5518 directly through its Serial or Ethernet port, you can use the freeware terminal emulation application PuTTY. If you wish to automate control, download Plink. Both of these applications are available for free download. Search “PuTTY” with Google to find a download site.

Note that Windows 7 does not install a Telnet Client by default, so you must do this manually if you wish to initiate a Telnet connection between a Windows 7 machine and your Optimod. Refer to:

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc771275(WS.10).aspx

Direct Control Using PuTTY

A) If you are using a serial connection, establish a Direct Serial Connection be-

tween your computer and the Optimod. See Appendix: Setting Up Serial Communications starting on page 2-51.

A connection through the serial port uses a fixed IP address:

192.168.168.101

B) Start PuTTY.

The S

ESSION window appears.

2-35

C) Click the RAW

button, and set the Port to 23, or whatever terminal port you

have set at the Optimod.

The Terminal Port is visible in the Optimod’s SYSTEM SETUP > NETWORK REMOTE > NETWORK screen.

D) In the TERMINAL category, check “Implicit CR in every LF.”

You should not have to change any other PuTTY Terminal, Window, or Connection defaults

E) Specify the host name or IP address:

 If you are connecting through the serial port, type 192.168.168.101 into the

“Host Name (or IP address)” field.

 If you are connecting through the 5518’s Ethernet interface, type the

5518’s IP address into the “Host Name (or IP address)” field.

The IP address for this connection is the same as the IP address set in step (1.B) on page 2-42 and is visible in the

SYSTEM SETUP > NETWORK

REMOTE > NETWORK screen.

F) Name and save the Session if you wish.

G) Click O

H) Activate the C

PEN.

APS LOCK on your computer to ensure that you type in upper-

case.

You can now perform the operations described in steps 1 through 7 starting on page 2-37.

o automate control of the 5518 externally, establish a Telnet/SSH connection and

T issue commands and parameters, either by typing them directly into a Telnet/SSH cli-

2-36

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

ent or by placing them within batch files. Then process them with a scriptable Telnet/SSH client that supports this operation, such as PuTTY, along with its companion command-line interpreter, Plink. You can also use netcat.exe. Below, we provide instructions for both PuTTY/Plink and Netcat.

Custom third party applications can be developed to use this protocol. Additionally, you can include this protocol in an existing application by using small subsets of the standards-based Telnet/SSH protocols directly, or for simplicity, by using scripting or by calling batch files with a Telnet/SSH client such as PuTTY along with its companion command-line interpreter, Plink.

Automating control changes is possible using the Windows Task Scheduler to launch batch files at the desired time.

CAUTION: Because of the powerful features and potential security risks of Netcat, many virus programs may detect this software as a threat. If Netcat is detected as such, configure virus software to allow, and use the software with the normal security precautions. The outbound configurations shown here do not provide any security risks. Inbound connections, if used for other applications, require careful security configuration.

In the examples below, replace “123.45.67.89” with the IP address of the 5518 you are controlling. Replace “23” with the terminal port you specified using the method described on page 2-34. Port 23 is the factory default.

Automated Control Using PuTTY/Plink

This method is scripted with a .cmd file and calls a .txt file. Via plink.exe, the .cmd file calls putty.exe, which then makes the network connection between the computer executing putty.exe and 5518, and specifies the .txt file to use.

The .txt file contains the 5518 commands.

The following two examples recall the presets JAZZ and ROCK-OPEN respectively.

The file “5518_P1_Jazz.cmd” contains:

plink -raw -P 23 123.45.67.89 < 5518_P1_JAZZ.txt

The file “5518_P1_JAZZ.txt” contains:

RP JAZZ [PASSWORD] disconnect

The file “5518_P2_Rock-Open.cmd” contains:

plink -raw -P 23 123.45.67.89 < 5518_P2_ROCK-OPEN.txt

The file “5518_P2_Rock-Open.txt” contains

RP ROCK-OPEN [PASSWORD] disconnect

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

Automated Control Using Netcat

Only one utility is required to use this method: netcat.exe. This is available as a free download. Google “netcat.”

2-37

This method is scripted with a .cmd file and calls a .txt file.

 The .cmd file calls netcat.exe to make the network connection between the com-

puter executing netcat.exe and 5518, and specifies the .txt file to use.



The .txt file contains the 5518 commands.

The following two examples recall the presets JAZZ and ROCK-OPEN respectively.

The file “5518_P1_JAZZ.cmd” contains:

nc.exe -v -n -w 1 123.45.67.89 23 < 5518_P1_JAZZ.txt

The file “5518_P1_JAZZ.txt” contains:

RP JAZZ [PASSWORD] disconnect

The file “5518_P2_ROCK-OPEN.cmd” contains:

nc.exe -v -n -w 1 123.45.67.89 23 < 5518_P2_ROCK-OPEN.txt

The file “5518_P2_GreggOpen.txt” contains:

RP ROCK-OPEN [PASSWORD] disconnect

Administrative Operations Available via the Serial Port

In the following tables of commands and responses:

 Text that the user enters appears in MONOSPACED BOLD.

 Responses that the 5518 transmits appear in monospaced normal.

 The symbol “” means CR (for received commands) and CR+LF (for transmitted

responses from 5518).

Available Commands

1. To recall a preset:

Command Response

RP XXXXXXX[PASSCODE]

(valid passcode and preset name)

ON AIR: XXXXXXX

(invalid passcode)

2-38

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

[no error message is issued]

In the above table: XXXXXXX = the preset name;

PASSCODE = any valid passcode.

 If a non-existent control value and/or an invalid passcode is entered, the 5518

will ignore the command. If a non-existent preset name is entered, your Optimod will return an error message to indicate that the preset you entered does not exist.

 You can apply this command anytime after the 5518 boots up.

 This command is useful in interfacing automation systems to the 5518.

2. To turn the analog diversity delay on or off for a given output:

Command Response

DE XXX[PASSCODE]

(valid passcode and argument)

DIVERSITY DELAY: [ON,OFF] (for each output)

(invalid passcode)

[no error message is issued]

In the above table:

 If a non-existent control value and/or an invalid passcode is entered, the 5518

will ignore the command.

 You can apply this command anytime after the 5518 boots up. The 30-minute

timeout does not apply.

3. To set the analog diversity delay:

Command Response

TR X.XXXXXXXXX[PASSCODE]

In the above table: X.XXXXXXXXX = the delay time. Acceptable values are

XXX = ANALOG_ON, ANALOG_OFF, DIGITAL1_ON, DIGITAL1_OFF, COMPOSITE_ON, COMPOSITE_OFF, or ?

PASSCODE = ANY VALID PASSCODE.

(valid passcode and argument)

DELAY: X.XXXXXXXXX

(invalid passcode)

[no error message is issued]

0.000015625 to 8.192 for the 8-second board and

0.000015625 to 16.384 for the 16-second board (10 total digits) in increments of 0.000015625

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

PASSCODE = ANY VALID PASSCODE.

 This command is useful when a station has two transmission chains (typically

main and backup) that require different diversity delay settings. We recommend first using 5518 PC Remote to set the correct delays for the main and backup chains. When you have found the correct delay for each transmission chain, write down the delay times that PC Remote displays. Then program these into “main” and “standby” batch files that, when executed, send the appropriate TR command to the 5518 when the on-air transmission chain is swapped.

 If a non-existent control value, and/or an invalid passcode is entered, the 5518

will ignore the command.

4. To select the analog or digital input as the audio source:

2-39

Note: When the input is set to D input, the setting of the DI Optimod automatically switches to its analog input. See step 27 on page 2-20.

ommand Response

IN X[PASSCODE]

IN [PASSCODE]? Returns active Input.

In the above table:

 ? returns the active input setting.

 If a non-existent control value and/or an invalid passcode is entered, the 5518

will ignore the command.

X = A, D, J17

where A = analog input, D = digital input, and J17 = Digital J.17.

PASSCODE = ANY VALID PASSCODE.

IGITAL and no valid digital signal is present at the

ANALOG FALLBACK control will determine whether the

(valid passcode and argument)

INPUT: [ANALOG, DIGITAL, DIGITAL J17] (for each output)

(invalid passcode)

[no error message is issued]

5. To fetch real-time operational status information from the Optimod:

This provides a real-time status report including the following information:

Command Response

RT [PASSCODE] 5518 Status:

digital input 1 lock [active][inactive] remote contact closure 1 [active][inactive]

2-40

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

remote contact closure 2 [active][inactive] remote contact closure 3 [active][inactive] remote contact closure 4 [active][inactive] remote contact closure 5 [active][inactive] remote contact closure 6 [active][inactive] remote contact closure 7 [active][inactive] remote contact closure 8 [active][inactive] tally out 1 [active][inactive] tally out 2 [active][inactive]

6. To fetch information about the active processing preset:

Command Response

AP [PASSCODE]? Returns active processing preset name AP [PASSCODE]?? Returns active processing preset control

settings

LP [PASSCODE]  Returns a list of all available processing

presets

7. To fetch diagnostic information from the 5518:

This provides a status report indicating technical parameters:

Command Response

ST [PASSCODE] 5518 Status:

5518 V 1.2.4.156 Station Name: XXXX Access Level: 0: all access Bootup: Thu Nov 21 23:17:40 2013 MAC Address: 00-0E-EC-E8-0B-99 Memory Available: 11086976 Available Space: 8578 Kbytes i/o board version: 5.00 SNMP active

Remote Control Interface Programming

[Skip this step if you do not wish to program the GPI (contact closure) remote control interface.]

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

1. Navigate to Setup > Next > NETWORK & REMOTE > REMOTE INTERFACE.

2. Program one or more remote control interfaces.

A) Navigate to the desired Remote Interface button (1 through 8) by repeatedly

pressing the Next button.

B) Hold down the button while turning the knob to select the desired function

for the interface.

Use either button below the appropriate graphics; both work the same.

A momentary pulse of voltage will switch most functions except as noted.

 Preset Name: switches the named preset on the air. The control interface

can recall any factory or user preset.

 Input: Analog: selects the analog inputs.

 Input: Digital: selects the digital input and but does not apply deempha-

sis to it.

 Input: Digital+J.17: selects the digital input and applies J.17 deemphasis

to it.

2-41

 Independently activate and defeat the diversity delay applied to the

analog, digital, and composite outputs.

 Bypass: switches the Bypass Test Mode on the air.

 Tone: switches the Tone Test Mode preset on the air.

 Exit Test: If a test preset is presently on the air, EXIT

ous processing preset.

 Stereo: Determines the operating mode of the audio processing (S

ROM-LEFT, MONO-FROM-RIGHT, MONO-FROM-SUM, or SSB.)

 Mono from Left, Mono from Right, or Mono from Sum: switches the 5518’s

stereo encoder off, using the Left, Right, or Sum (L+R) respectively as the program source. This also determines the feed to the entire processing chain so that facilities that do not use the 5518’s stereo encoder can change stereo/mono mode and select the source when in mono mode.

 SSB: switches the 5518 to its experimental compatible SSB/VSB mode. See SSB

Stereo Encoder Operation on page 3-6 for more information.

 Mod Reduction 1, or

the percentage programmed in S on page 2-15). When voltage is removed, these functions are deactivated.

Mod Reduction 2: reduces the program modulation by

ETUP > NEXT > MODULATION REDUCTION (see step 17

TEST reverts to the previ-

TEREO, MONO-

 Res

et Clock To Hour: resets the internal clock to the nearest hour. For exam-

ple, 3:03:10 would be reset to 3:00:00, while 3:53:40 would be reset to 4:00:00.

2-42

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

Use this function to periodically re-sync the 5518’s internal clock to your station’s master clock.

 Reset Clock to Midnight: Resets the clock to 0:00:00. You can use this function

to periodically re-sync the 5518’s internal clock to your station’s master clock.

 No Function: remote input is disabled.

3. End remote control interface programming.

When you are finished programming the remote control interface, press the Escape button to return to higher menu levels.

Networking and Remote Control

[Skip this step if you do not wish to connect to your 5518 remotely, either for downloading software upgrades or for PC Remote Control.]

The 5518 has a built-in Ethernet connector that can be used with 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps ports using the TCP/IP protocol. You can also connect a PC to the 5518 through the 5518’s RS-232 serial port, either by modem or directly through a null modem cable.

1. Prepare the 5518 for an Ethernet network connection:

[Skip this step if you will not be using an Ethernet connection.]

 See your network administrator to get the data required in the following

procedure.

 Note that if you wish to do this from the 5518 PC Remote software, then you

must first be able to connect to the 5518. Therefore, you will usually perform this procedure from the 5518’s front panel to prepare it for connection.

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Press the S

The IP Address Screen appears.

a) Use the Next and Prev

address. Use the knob to set the digit to the desired value. Repeat until you have selected all the numbers in the IP address assigned by your network administrator

b) Press the S

C) Set the Subnet Mask assigned by your network administrator if necessary:

a) Press the S

ET IP ADDRESS soft button.

> NETWORK & REMOTE > Next.

keys to move the cursor in turn to each digit in the IP

AVE soft button to confirm your setting.

ET SUBNET MASK soft button.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

b) Use the Next and Prev keys to move the cursor in turn to each digit in the

subnet mask. Use the knob to set the digit to the desired value. Repeat until you have selected all the numbers in the subnet mask assigned by your network administrator

2-43

c) Press the S

AVE soft button to confirm your setting.

D) Set the Gateway Address assigned by your network administrator if necessary:

a) Press the G

b) Use the Next and Prev

ATEWAY ADDRESS soft button.

keys to move the cursor in turn to each digit in the

gateway address. Use the knob to set the digit to the desired value. Repeat until you have selected all the numbers in the gateway address assigned by your network administrator

c) Press the S

AVE soft button to confirm your setting.

E) Set the IP Port assigned by your network administrator if necessary:

a) Press the IP

b) Use the Next and Prev

PORT soft button.

keys to move the cursor in turn to each digit in the IP

port. Use the knob to set the digit to the desired value. Repeat until you have selected all the numbers in the IP port assigned by your network administrator

c) Press the S

AVE soft button to confirm your setting.

F) Connect your Ethernet network to the RJ45 jack on the rear panel of your

5518.

 If you are connecting to a hub or router, use a standard Ethernet cable.

 If you are connecting directly to the Ethernet jack on a computer, use a

“crossover” or “reverse” Ethernet cable.

G) Press the Next button.

2. Prepare the 5518 for modem connection through the serial port:

[Skip this step if you will not be using a modem connection.]

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Hold down the PC

ODEM on the display.

C) Press the M

D) If the string that appears in the display

> NETWORK & REMOTE.

CONNECT soft button and turn the knob until you see

ODEM INIT soft button.

is S0=4, this is correct. Press the Escape

button and skip steps (E) and (F) below.

S0=4 is the 5518 default setting. This activates auto-answer functionality in the modem.

E) Set the INIT STRING to S0=4. Use the Next and Prev KEYs to move the cursor in

turn to each character in the modem initialization string. Use the knob to set

2-44

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

the character to the desired value. Repeat until you have set all the characters in the initialization string.

F) Press the S

3. Modem setup:

You will need two modems and two available phone lines, one of each for your PC and your 5518. Orban Customer Service supports only the 3Com/U.S. Robotics® 56kbps fax modem EXT on the 5518 side of your connection, although other 56kbps modems will often work OK.

You can use either an internal or an external modem with your PC.

A) Connect the telephone line from the wall phone jack to the wall connection

icon on the back of the modem (modem in).

B) Connect the modem to the 5518’s serial port with a standard (not null) mo-

dem cable.

C) Set the modem to AUTO ANSWER and turn it on.

4. Prepare the 5518 for direct serial connection through the serial port:

AVE soft button to confirm your setting.

The cable provided with your 5518 is a null modem cable and will not work.

For 3Com/U.S. Robotics® 56kbps fax modem EXT, set dipswitches 3, 5, and 8 in the down position to activate the AUTO ANSWER setting. All other dipswitches should be set to the up position.

[Skip this step if you will not be using a modem connection.]

A) Navigate to Setup

B) Hold down the PC

IRECT on the display.

You are now ready to connect your computer to your 5518 through a null modem cable connected to your computer’s serial port. Refer to Installing 5518 PC Remote Control Software on page 2-47.

> NETWORK & REMOTE.

CONNECT soft button and turn the knob until you see

Synchronizing 5518 to a Network Time Server

[Skip this section if you do not wish to automatically synchronize your 5518’s internal clock to a network timeserver, which may be part of your local network or located on the Internet.]

1. Navigate to SETUP > NEXT > TIME DATE AND ID > NEXT > TIME SYNC.

A) Use the P

ROTOCOL control to choose either TIME PROT or SNTP.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

 Select TIME PROT if the 5518 is behind a firewall that does not pass UPD

packets. T RFC868. This method uses TCP on port 37.

 Select SNTP if your network timeserver supports the Simple Network Time

Protocol as described in standard RFC1769. This method uses UDP on port

123.

Ask your network administrator which protocols are available. SNTP is slightly more accurate.

IME PROT selects the Time Protocol as described in the standard

2-45

B) Using S

internal clock to the timeserver you selected.

The choices are O

C) Set the OFFSET to the difference (in hours) between your time zone and Uni-

versal Time (UTC).

UTC is also known as GMT, or Greenwich Mean Time.

 The value can range between –12 and +12 hours in increments of 30 min-

 You can empirically adjust this value until the correct time for your location

2. Choose a timeserver.

http://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi#

on the Internet. You network may also have a local timeserver; ask your network administrator.

3. Press the NEXT button to set up timeserver parameters.

YNC PERIOD, choose how often your 5518 will automatically update its

FF, 8 HOURS, and 24 HOURS.

If the connection to the timeserver fails (due to network overload or other problems), your 5518 will try once per hour to synchronize until it is successful.

utes. If this value is set to 0, your 5518’s time will be the same as UTC.

is displayed after you synchronize your 5518 to a timeserver.

provides a current list of timeservers available

TIME SERVER button is located on the second page of the TIME SYNC func-

The tions. (You can access this function from anywhere in the 5518 menu tree by navigating to Setup

You can specify the timeserver either from your 5518’s front panel or from its PC Remote software. From the front panel, you can only enter the timeserver’s IP address (for example, 192.43.244.18). If you specify the timeserver from PC Remote, you can specify either its named address (for example, time.nist.gov) or its IP address. The PC Remote method is easier.

4. Specify the time sync parameters from your 5518’s front panel:

[Skip this step if you wish to specify the timeserver and time sync parameters from your Windows XP computer.]

A) Press the T

> Next > TIME DATE AND ID > Next > TIME SYNC > Next.)

IME SERVER button.

2-46

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

The timeserver IP Address Screen appears.

a) Use the Next and Prev

address. Use the knob to set the digit to the desired value. Repeat until you have selected all the numbers in the desired IP address.

b) Press the S

B) Press the S

should indicate that it is connecting to the IP address that you specified. When the connection is successful, the 5518’s clock will automatically synchronize to the timeserver.

 If the connection is not successful within five seconds, the display will indi-

cate that the connection failed. This means either that the timeserver is too busy or that your setup cannot connect to the timeserver. Double-check the IP address. If you are behind a firewall, make sure that port 123 is open.

 If your connection failed, the gateway address might not be set correctly

on your 5518. The gateway address for the timeserver connection is the same gateway address that you set in step (1.D) on page 2-43. If you do not know a Windows computer to the same Ethernet cable that is ordinarily plugged into your 5518. Ascertain that the computer can connect to the Internet. At the command prompt, type ipconfig. The computer will return the “Default Gateway.”

AVE soft button to confirm your setting.

YNC NOW soft button to test your settings. Your 5518’s display

the correct gateway address, you can often discover it by connecting

keys to move the cursor in turn to each digit in the IP

5. Specify the time sync from the 5518 PC Remote software:

[Skip this step if you wish to specify the timeserver and time sync parameters from your 5518’s front panel.]

5518 PC Remote software can automatically set your 5518’s local time, O and TIME SERVER to reflect the Windows settings in the machine running PC Remote software.

If you are running Windows 2000, you cannot specify the timeserver from your computer. However, you can still set your 5518’s clock and offset.

A) In Windows, navigate to the CONTROL PANEL > DATE AND TIME > TIME ZONE tab.

B) Set time zone to correspond to your local time zone.

C) In Windows, navigate to the C

tab.

D) If you are running Windows XP:

a) Check “Automatically synchronize with an Internet time server” to set your

5518’s S

b) Set “Server” to the desired timeserver.

c) Click the “Update Now” button to synchronize your computer’s clock to

the selected timeserver. If this is successful, this means that you can connect to the selected timeserver over your network.

YNC PERIOD to “24.”

ONTROL PANEL > DATE AND TIME > INTERNET TIME

FFSET,

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

o The INTERNET TIME tab is not available in Windows 2000. If you are

running 5518 PC Remote on Windows 2000, you must enter the timeserver from your 5518’s front panel as an IP address (step 4 on page 2-45).

2-47

o If the timeserver you selected in Windows is a named

IP address, the 5518 will resolve it correctly but the IP address that appears in your 5518’s display will be 0.0.0.0.

o To use PC Remote to turn off your 5518’s automatic synchronization,

uncheck “Automatically synchronize with an Internet time server” on your PC. Then click the “Update Now” button on PC Remote.

E) Navigate to 5518 PC Remote’s S

CLOCK button.

 If you are running Windows XP, PC Remote will download your computer’s

currently specified timeserver into your 5518.

 PC Remote will adjust your 5518’s O

computer’s time zone setting.

 PC Remote will synchronize your 5518’s clock with your computer’s clock.

F) It is wise to disconnect from PC Remote and then to press the S

ton on your 5518 [step (4.B) on page 2-46]. This is to test the ability of your 5518 to synchronize to the selected timeserver clock is set accurately.

NOTE: Manually setting your 5518’s clock via Set Time, Set Date, Daylight Time, and the remote contact closure Reset to Hour and Reset to Midnight will not work when the automatic synchronization function is active. To inactivate this function (thereby permitting manual setting to work), set the

FF.

ETUP > UTILITY tab and click the SET 5518

FFSET setting to correspond to your

and to ensure that your 5518’s

address, not an

YNC NOW but-

SYNC PERIOD to

Installing 5518 PC Remote Control Software

This section briefly summarizes the procedure for installing 5518 PC Remote software on existing 5518s. If required, you will find more detailed instructions in the .pdf file automatically installed on your computer by Orban’s installer program, Setup5518_x.x.x.x.exe, where “x.x.x.x” represents the software version you are installing. (For example, for version 1.0 software, this would be 1.0.0.0.)

The PC Remote software is supplied on a CD shipped with your 5518. You can also download it from ftp.orban.com/5518/Software

Instructions for using the PC Remote software begin on page 3-8.

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INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

Installing the Necessary Windows Services

The 5518 PC Remote application uses Windows’ built-in communications and networking services to deal with the low-level details necessary to communicate with the 5518’s serial port. (These services are also used to upgrade your 5518’s firmware when updates are available from Orban.) The exact process will vary, depending on how you wish to set up the communications. That is:

 If you want to communicate through a local PC, you will need to establish a con-

nection between a serial (COM) port of the PC and the COM port of your 5518 through a null modem cable (supplied with your 5518). You will then use Windows Direct Serial Connect to make the basic connection.

 If you want to communicate through a pair of modems, you will use the Win-

dows Dial-Up networking service to make the connection.

You must install the appropriate communications services in Windows (if they are not already installed) before you can run 5518 Remote software. You may

therefore need to have access to the Windows install disk(s) — or have their image copied onto your computer’s hard drive — before you attempt to use the 5518 PC Remote application.

In all cases, regardless of whether your PC communicates to the 5518 through its serial port or Ethernet connector, it uses the ppp and the TCP/IP protocols to communicate with the 5518.

Check Hardware Requirements

To connect your PC to your 5518, regardless of the method you choose, you will need the following:

 Orban 5518.

 If connecting by serial cable: a null modem cable (also called a “reverse” cable).

This cable has DB9 female connectors at both ends for connecting the 5518 to the serial port on your computer. If your computer has a DB25 connector, you will need to obtain an adapter.

 If connecting by modem: a 3Com/U.S. Robotics® 56kbps fax modem EXT and

normal (not null) modem cable for the 5518 side of the connection. Note that Orban Customer Service does not support any other type of modem for connecting to the 5518.

 If connecting by network: a standard Ethernet cable (with RJ45 connectors) to

connect to a network hub or router, or a crossover Ethernet cable to connect directly to your PC’s Ethernet jack.

 PC running Windows 2000 (SP3 or higher)/XP/Vista/7.

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

5518 PC Remote will not run on older Windows versions.

Recommended Components

Computer.................................................................... Pentium II or higher

Available Disk Space .......................................................................... 25MB

RAM ........................................................Depends on your computer’s OS

Display................................................................................. SVGA or higher

Microsoft Windows.................................. 2000 (SP3 or higher)/XP/Vista/7

COM Port ...................................................... 16550 (or compatible) UART

2-49

WARNING

When connecting your 5518, use shielded cable to protect the pins in the RS-232 connector from electrostatic discharge.

The following subsections provide steps for connecting to your 5518 software using the Windows 2000/XP Direct Cable Connect or via modem connection.

Running the Orban Installer Program

Insert the installer CD into your computer’s CD drive.

The installer should start up and ask you if you wish to install the PC Remote application on your computer. If it fails to do so, navigate to Start \ Run on your computer, and type X:setup (where “X” is the drive letter of your CD drive).

Follow the prompts on your screen to install the PC Remote software automatically on your computer.

 You might have obtained the automatic installer application from some other

source than Orban’s CD, like Orban’s ftp site or another computer on your network. If so, just run the application and follow the on-screen instructions.

 This program installs the necessary files and adds an Orban/5518 folder to your

computer’s Start Menu. This folder contains shortcuts to the PC Remote application and to the documentation. If you accepted the option during installation, there is also a shortcut to the PC Remote application on your desktop.

You have now installed all files necessary to use the PC Remote software. If you are using a direct serial or a modem connection, the next step is to install and configure the Windows communications services that allow your computer to communicate with your 5518. Appendix: Setting Up Serial Communications on page 2-51 provides details.

Setting Up Ethernet, LAN, and VPN Connections

If you are using an Ethernet connection and your computer can successfully connect to the Internet through its Ethernet port, it already has the correct (TCP/IP) network-

2-50

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

ing set up to communicate with the 5518. In most cases, all you need is your 5518’s IP address, Port, and Gateway number, as set in step 1 on page 2-42. You will enter

when you create a “connection” to your 5518 from the 5518 PC Remote appli-

these cation — see step (E) on page 3-9. If your computer does not have a working Ethernet port, you will need to add one and then following vided by Microsoft to set it up to enable TCP/IP networking.

If you wish to connect to your 5518 through your LAN or VPN (through a WAN or the Internet), consult your network administrator. Note that to cross subnets, you must specify a gateway. If the PC and 5518 are on the same subnet, then it is unnecessary to specify a gateway.

If you are behind a firewall, you must open the port you specified in step (1.E) on page 2-43. If the gateway, port, and firewall (if used) are configured correctly, it is possible to connect 5518 PC Remote to a 5518 via a VPN.

the instructions pro-

Conclusion

By carefully following the instructions in the Appendix, you should have successfully installed the necessary Windows services and connected to your 5518. However, if you experience any problems with this process, or have any other 5518 questions, please contact Orban Customer Service:

phone: +1 510 351-3500

email: custserv@orban.com

For details on your new 5518 software, from new features to operational suggestions, refer to our FTP site (ftp.orban.com/5518

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

Appendix: Setting Up Serial Communications

This appendix provides instructions for setting up both direct serial and modem connections from your 5518 to your PC. You must do this when you define a new connection from the 5518 PC Remote application. The appendix provides procedures for both the Windows 2000 and Windows XP operating systems and can be readily extended by analogy for Windows Vista and 7, although we recommend using Ethernet connections with Vista or 7. Note that the screen shots were prepared using Orban’s Optimod-FM 8300 but apply equally well to the 5518.

Preparing for Communication through Null Modem Cable

1. Configure your 5518.

2-51

A) On your 5518’s front panel, navigate to Setup

B) Hold down the PC

IRECT on the display.

2. Connect the cable.

A) Connect one end of the null modem cable that we supplied with your 5518 to

the DB9 serial connector on the 5518’s rear panel.

Be sure to use a null modem cable. A normal serial cable will not work.

B) Connect the other end of the cable to your computer’s COM port.

CONNECT soft button and turn the knob until you see

> NETWORK & REMOTE.

Connecting Using Windows 2000 Direct Serial Connection:

Ordinarily, a direct serial connection through a null modem cable is used only when you are controlling one 5518 per available COM port on your computer. If you wish to control multiple local 5518s, it is better to use an Ethernet network connection. However, in principle you could control multiple 5518s serially from one COM port, using a hardware serial switch to select the 5518 you wish to control. In this case, you should set up a separate 5518 “connection” for each 5518 to be controlled, following the instructions below. All connections should reference the same COM port.

This connection is used both for upgrading your 5518 and for connecting the 5518 PC Remote application to your 5518.

Important: The Direct Serial Connection must have exclusive access to the PC COM port that connects to your 5518. Make sure than any software that monitors this COM port (such as HotSync manager, etc) is disabled before running Direct Serial Connection.

If you have already configured your direct serial cable connection, skip to step 2 on page 2-56.

2-52

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

If you cannot access the Internet after making a Direct or Modem connection, you will have to reconfigure certain networking parameters in Windows. Please see You Cannot Access the Internet After Making a Direct or Modem Connection of the 5518 on page 5-6.

1. Add and configure a Direct Connection for Windows 2000:

A) Create

2000 Direct Connection:

a) Launch 5518 PC

b) Choose “Connect > New

c) Give your 5518 a name

d) If you wish to have

e) Select “Serial Connec-

f) Click “Add.”

g) Select “Connect Directly

a New Windows

Remote.

5518”

(e.g., “KABC”) by entering this name in the “5518 Alias” field.

5518 PC Remote remember the password for this Optimod, enter the pass-word in the “Password“ field.

tion.”

to another computer.”

h) Click “Next.”

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

i) In the drop-down box, select the serial

port you will be using to make the connection.

j) Click “Next.”

k) Select either “For all users” or “Only

for myself.”

The correct setting depends on how your network and security are configured.

Your wizard may not display this field if your computer is set up for a single user only.

2-53

l) Click “Next.”

m)Enter a name for your Connection such

as: “Connection to 5518.”

n) Click “Finish.”

2-54

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

o) Click “Yes.”

B) Edit your new Direct

Connection properties:

a) Click “Settings.”

b) Click the “General”

tab.

c) Select the device you

set up in step (i) on page 2-53. This will usually be munications cable between two computers (COM1).”

“Com-

d) Click “Configure.”

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

e) Set “Maximum speed (bps)” to

“115200.”

f) Check “Enable hardware flow con-

trol.”

g) Make sure that all other boxes are

not checked.

h) Click “OK.”

2-55

i) Select the Networking tab.

j) Make sure that “PPP: Windows

95/98/NT 4/2000, Internet” appears in the “Type of dial-up server I am calling” field.

k) Make sure that “Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP) is checked.

You may leave “File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks” and “Client for Microsoft Networks” checked if you like.

l) Click “OK.”

When the “Connection properties” window appears, click “OK.”

2-56

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

2. Launch an existing Windows 2000 Direct connection.

Once you have set up a “connection” specifying Direct Connect in the 5518 PC Remote application (see To set up a new connection on page 3-9), choosing this connection tion to your 5518.

You can connect by selecting the desired connection from the drop-down list in the

ONNECT menu.

You can also connect by double-clicking the connection in the “Connection List” window.

A dialog bubble will appear on the bottom right hand corner of the screen verifying your connection if the connection is successful.

from 5518 PC Remote automatically opens a Windows Direct Connec-

If you have trouble making a connection, refer to OS Specific Troubleshooting Advice: Troubleshooting Windows 2000 Direct Connect on page 5-6. If you have trouble the first time after creating a connection according to the instructions above, try restarting your computer to clear its serial port.

3. To change the properties of an

Right-click the connection in the “connection List” window and choose “Properties.” The “Connection properties” window opens (see page 2-52).

existing connection:

Connecting Using Windows XP Direct Serial Connection

If you have already configured your direct serial cable connection, skip to step 2 on page 2-

1. Add and configure a Direct Connection for Windows XP:

60.

A) Create a New Windows XP Direct Con-

nection:

a) Launch 5518 PC Remote.

b) Choose “Connect > New 5518”

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

c) Give your 5518 a name (e.g., “KABC”)

by entering this name in the “5518 Alias” field.

d) If you wish to have 5518 PC Remote

remember the password for this Optimod, enter the password in the “Password“ field.

e) Select “Serial Connection.”

f) Click the “Add” button.

2-57

g) Choose “Connect directly to another

computer.”

h) Click “Next.”

i) In the drop-down box, select the serial

port you will be using to make the connection.

j) Click “Next.”

2-58

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

k) Type in a name for your

Connection such as: “Connection to 5518.”

l) Click “Finish.”

m)Click “Yes.”

B) Edit your new Direct

Connection properties:

a) Click “Settings.”

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

b) Click the “General” tab.

c) Select the device you set up in step (i)

on page 2-57. This will usually be “Communications cable between computers (COM1).”

d) Click “Configure.”

two

2-59

e) Set the “Maximum Speed (bps)” to

115200.

f) Check “Enable hardware flow con-

trol.”

g) Make sure all other hardware features

are unchecked.

h) Click “OK.”

2-60

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

i) Select the Networking tab.

j) Make sure that “PPP:

Windows 95/98/NT 4/2000, Internet” appears in the “Type of dial-up server I am calling” field.

k) Make sure that “Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP) is checked.

You may leave “File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks” and “Client for Microsoft Networks” checked if you like

l) Click “OK.”

m)When the “Connection

properties” window appears, click “OK.”

2. Launch an existing Windows XP Direct connection.

Once you have set up a “connection” specifying Direct Connect in the 5518 PC Remote application (see To set up a new connection on page 3-9), choosing this connection tion to your 5518.

You can connect by selecting the desired connection from the dropdown list in the C

You can also connect by doubleclicking the connection in the “Connection List” window.

A dialog bubble will appear on the bottom right hand corner of the screen verifying your connection if the connection is successful.

If you have trouble making a connection, refer to Troubleshooting Windows XP Direct Connect on page 5-9. If you have trouble the first time after creating a connection clear its serial port.

from 5518 PC Remote automatically opens a Windows Direct Connec-

ONNECT menu.

according to the instructions above, try restarting your computer to

5518-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION

3. To change the properties of an existing connection:

Right-click the connection in the “connection List” window and choose “Properties.” The “Connection properties” window opens (see page 2-52).

Connecting Using Windows 7 Direct Serial Connection:

You must install the Windows 7 direct serial connection as a modem device using the Modem setup procedures as shown in the steps below.

1. Add and configure a Direct Connection for Windows 7.

A) Go to the Control Panel. Find the Mo-

dem applet. This is normally under the Phone and Modem section.

Click on it to start the Phone and Modem applet.

2-61

2-62

INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 5518

B) In the Phone and Modem

applet, click on the Modems tab and click “Add.”

You need ad-

ministrator's

rights to do this.

If UAC comes

up, provide the

relevant creden-

tials and pro-

ceed.

C) The Add Hardware Wizard

will appear.

a) Tick “Don’t detect my

modem; I will select it from a list.”

b) Proceed to next step by

clicking on the NEXT button.

Orban OPTIMOD-FM 5518 Operating Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual