Page 1
Operating
Manual
OPTIMOD-Studio Chassis
Automatic Gain Controller
8200ST
Page 2
IMPORTANT NOTE:
Refer
to the unit’s
rear panel for
your Model
#.
Model
Number:
Description:
8200ST/U
8200ST/E
OPTIMOD-Studio
Chassis,
2 channel,
115V
OPTIMOD-Studio
Chassis,
2 channel,
230V
CAUTION AVIS
RISK
OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO
NOT OPEN
RISQUE DE CHOC
ELECTRIQUE
NE
PAS OUVRIR
DO NOT EXPOSE
TO RAIN OR
MOISTURE
CAUTION:
TO reduce the
risk of
electrical shock,
do NOT REMOVE
COVER (OR BACK).
NO USER
SERVICEABLE
PARTS
INSIDE. REFER
SERVICING TO
QUALIFIED
SERVICE PERSONNEL.
WARNING:
TO REDUCE
THE RISK OF FIRE
OR
ELECTRICAL SHOCK,
DO
NOT
EXPOSE THIS
APPLIANCE TO
RAIN OR
MOISTURE.
This
symbol,
wherever it
appears,
alerts
you to the
presence of
uninsulated
dangerous voltage
inside the
enclosure
—
voltage
that
may be
sufficient to
constitute a risk
of shock.
This symbol,
wherever it
appears,
alerts you to
important
operating
and
maintenance
instructions in
the
accompanying
literature. Read the
manual.
Page 3
IMPORTANT
SAFETY
INSTRUCTIONS
operating
All the safety
Retain
Heed
Follow
Water
basement,
Ventilation:
appliance
installation,
Heat:
amplifiers)
and
Instructions:
Warnings:
Instructions:
Moisture:
and
or near
The
not be
should
such as a
appliance
The
produce heat.
that
Power Sources:
appliance.
on the
marked
Grounding
Power-Cord
or against
upon
Cleaning:
Non-Use
Object
openings.
Damage
The
Objects have
The
The appliance does
The appliance has
Servicing:
should
Appliance should
The
or
Protection:
them,
The appliance
Periods:
and Liquid
Requiring
power supply cord
fallen, or
appliance has
The user
be referred to
instructions
The safety
warnings on
All
All operation
appliance
The
swimming
a
appliance
pool, etc.).
should be
situated
bookcase or
should be
appliance should be
The
Polarization:
Power-supply
particular attention to
paying
should be
The power
Entry:
Service:
or the plug
liquid has
exposed to
been
appear to
not
dropped,
been
should not
qualified
service
be
should be read
and operation
the appliance
and user
situated so that
on
bed,
a
cabinet that may
situated
Precautions
cleaned
cord of
should
Care
The
has been
been spilled
rain; or
operate
or the
attempt to service the
personnel.
used
instructions
should not be
sofa, rug, or
away from heat
connected to
should be
cords
cords at
only
the appliance
taken so
be
appliance should be
damaged;
into the
normally or
enclosure damaged.
only with
before the
instructions
and in the
impede
should be routed
recommended by
as
a
should be
operating
should
near water (e.g.,
used
its location
similar surface
the flow of
sources such as
power supply only
a
taken
so
plugs,
should be unplugged
that objects do
serviced by
or
appliance; or
exhibits
appliance
cart or stand
appliance is
be
or position does
that the
convenience receptacles,
marked
a
beyond that
operated.
for future reference.
retained
instructions should be
followed.
near
bathtub,
a
not
that may
air through the
so that they
the manufacturer.
qualified
change
that
block the
ventilation
radiators,
grounding
not
heat
of the type
or
are not likely to be
from the
fall and liquids
service
in performance;
described in the
recommended by
is
interfere with its
outlet when
adhered to.
washbowl,
ventilation
openings.
registers, stoves, or
described in the
polarization means of an
and the
are not spilled
personnel when:
kitchen sink,
proper ventilation.
openings; or,
on or pinched by
walked
point where they
left unused
or
operating
instructions.
the
laundry tub,
For example,
placed in
other appliances
operating
for
into the
instructions or as
appliance is not
exit from the
long period
a
enclosure
All other servicing
manufacturer.
in
a wet
the
built-in
a
(including
defeated.
items placed
appliance.
of time.
through
Safety
Notice
WARNING:
The
As
plug, proceed as
The core
(A),
The core
The core
Instructions
For U.K.
cores in
colours of
which is
or coloured
which is coloured
which is coloured
THIS APPLIANCE
the mains lead are
the cores in
A
(European)
Customers
GREEN and
coloured
the mains lead
follows:
coloured green and
green, or
green and
blue must be
brown must be
power
The
you need to
cord
change the
WARNING: If the
between chassis
voltage
is terminated
If Your Unit Is
MUST BE
in accordance
-
of
yellow
yellow.
connected
plug and
and earth
Earth
this appliance
must be
connected
in a CEE7/7
if you are
YELLOW
ground is defeated,
Equipped With A
EARTHED.
following
with the
BLUE
may not correspond with the
connected to the
the terminal marked N or
to
the terminal marked L or
to
plug (Continental
qualified to
certain fault
ground. Severe injury or
do so.
conditions in the unit or
CONDUCTOR
LIVE BROWN
L
N NEUTRAL
EARTH GND
E
Power
AC
Power Cord.
code:
-
Neutral
terminal in the plug
coloured black.
coloured red.
Europe). The
refer to the
death can then result
WIRE COLOR
Normal
BLUE
GREEN-YELLOW
Color Coding
Cord
coloured
marked
green/yellow
table below.
in the system to
if the chassis and
BROWN
-
markings
with the letter E, or
wire
Alt 1
BLACK
WHITE
GREEN
Live
identifying the
connected directly to
is
which
connected can
it is
earth ground are
terminals
with the earth
the unit’s chassis.
result in full line
simultaneously.
touched
in your
symbol,
If
Page 4
Safety
Ger&t nur an der
Sicherungen
Jedwede
Stecker und
Gerat und
Um Beruhrung
gen dart das
reparierbare
Zur Vermeidung
Flussigkeiten
Bei Betriebsstorungen
eine
Instructions
nur durch solche,
Beschadigung des
nicht
Netzkabel
gefahrlicher
Gerat
Teile.
in das Gerat
qualifizierte
am
das
von
Servicestelle
(German)
Leistungsschild
gleicher
Netzkabels
enfassen.
Kabel
ubertriebenen
keinen
elektrischer
nur Von befugten
elektrischen
vermeiden.
bzw.
Schlagen und
Eindringen von
nach
kontaktieren.
vermerkten Spannung
Stromstarke und
vermeiden.
Beschadigte
Netzkabel
Netzkabel
mechanischen
vermeiden, dart das
Spannungen
Servicestellen
zu
instandgesetzt
Feuer ist das
Flussigkeiten
Stromart
und
Abschaltverhaltens
gleichen
nicht
sofort auswechseln.
Beaspruchungen
Gerat
Oder anderen
betreiben.
knicken Oder
quetschen. Beim
aussetzen.
Gerat nicht
werden. Im Gerat
vor Nasse zu
Gegenstanden, das
ersetzen.
Sicherungen nie
geoffnet werden, Im
befinden sich
schutzen.
Eindringen von
Gerat
uberbrucken.
Abziehen des
Fall von Betriebsstorun-
keine, durch den
Feuchtigkeit und
sofort vom
Netztrennen und
Netzkabels den
Benutzer
Safety
On s'assurera
N'utiliser que des
fusibles.
Eviter
et
Ne jamais
Pour aviter tout
I’appareil ne
Pour
liquide dans
En cas de
et
Safety
Hacer
Reemplazar
puente.
Proteger el cable de
cable. Sustituir
No
Para
debe
el
Para evitar
en el
En caso
que
Safety
Far
Sostituire
interruzione.
Evitare
il
Non esporre
Per
I'apparecchio
dalldtente.
Instructions
qui risque
tout ce
non le cable.
exposer
peut etre
6viter les
I'appareil.
dysfonctionnement ou
s’adresser a
Instructions
funcionar el
los
el aparato
someter
contacto
evitar el
ser reparado
usuario.
descargas
mismo.
de producirse
desconectarlo
Instructions
funzionare
i dispositivi di
Non cavallottare mai i
qualsiasi danno
cavo. Sostituire
I'apparecchio e
contatto con le
evitare il
deve
toujours que
Si un cable est
contact averc
risques de
un point de
fusibles s6lo
inmediatamente
I’apparecchio solo
subito i cavi
Per evitare scosse
In caso di
atamente
anomalie di
I'apparecchio dalla rete e
(French)
tension et la
la
fusibles de
I’appareil ou le
meme
d'endommager
endommage, le
rdpare que
une
cable
dans un
ddcharge
si un
aprdsvente
service
(Spanish)
aparato s6lo con
por otros de
alimentacidn
el
y
con tensiones
sblo por talleres de
elbctricas
fallas
inmediatamente de
protezione (valvole,
al cavo di collegamento
venir riparato solo da
elettriche
funzionamento
contra toda
cables danados.
cable
de
incendios,
e
funcionamiento
de
(Italian)
con la
danneggiati.
il cavo ad
tensioni elettriche
incendi,
o
nature du
intensity et du
le cable seceur.
une contrainte
a
tension blectrique
atelier
aiectrique et
liquide ou tout
la tension
la
alimentaci6n a esfuerzo mecanico
elbctricas
servicio
la red
tensione
fusibili ecc.)
dispositivi
esagerate
centri di
I’apparecchio va protetto
rispettivamente
contattare
courant utilise
principe
meme
remplacer
On ne
de
devra ni le
immSdiatement.
mecaniq ue
dangereuse,
autorise. Aucun
d’incendie,
autre objet a
autorisa.
clase de
y
intensidad
misma
dase
peligrosas, el aparato no debe
autorizados. En
el aparato debe
ponerse en contacto
y
di protezione.
pericolose,
un centra
dafios. No doblar o
de
consecuencia de la
como
tipo di corrente
il
e
solo
alia rete.
sollecitazioni
servizio
dopo la
element de cet
protager
pbn6tre
corriente senaladas
de corriente
el aparato no se
protegerse contra la
con dispositivi aventi lo stesso
piegare
Non
meccaniche.
I'apparecchio
autonzzati. Nell'apparecchio
dall'umidita.
penetrazione di
servizio qualificato.
di
correspondent
mise
plier, ni I’aplatir.
excessive.
n'oouvrira jamais
on
I'appareil de I'humidita.
bien
hors circuit que
appareil ne peut
dans I'appareil
la placa
en
de
sistema
y
apretar el cable.
excesivo.
En caso de
abrirse.
encuentra
humedad,
penetracion de
con un taller de
indicati sulla targa
schiacciare il
o
non deve
servicio
cavo. Per staccare il
venir aperto. in caso di
non si
Evitare che
liquidi o oggetti
indiqubs sur la
ceux
a
les fusibles d
Lorsqu’on
I'appareil. En cas de
Eviter
couper aussitot
indicadora de
desconexibn.
Al desenchufar,
ninguna pieza que
origine. Ne
dbbranche I’appareil,
r6par§ par I’utilisateur.
etre
toute
I'appareil de son
caracteristicas.
No poner nunca
producirse
impidiendo que
liquidos
riportante i dati sulle
u
autorizado.
otros
amperaggio e lo stesso
trovano parti che
umidita
liquidi entrino
o
nell'apparecchio,
plaque
jamais shunter les
dysfonctionnement,
panatration
asir el enchufe
fallos
de
pudiera ser
penetren bsta o
objetos en
prestazioni.
comportamento di
cavo, tirare la
anomalie di
possano essere
nell'apparecchio.
I’appareil.
de
tirer la fiche
d'humidita ou
alimentation
los fusibles en
no el
y
funcionamiento,
reparada por
liquidos
el aparato,
funzionamento
presa
hay
mai
e
riparate
staccare immedi-
fr
Page 5
Operating
Manual
OPTIMOD-Studio Chassis
Automatic Gain Controller
8200ST
Page 6
Orban
8200ST
OPTIMOD-Studio
1-
2-
3-
page
4-
5-
contents
1
-
1
1
Section
Orban
Section
Installation
Section
8200ST
Example
More
i
Section
Getting Inside
Performance
1 :
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
2 :
:
3
Controls
Control
About
:
4
Operating
Introduction
CHASSIS
Installation
Operation
Meters
and
Settings
8200ST
Audio
Maintenance
Chassis
the
Evaluation
Processing
Chassis
Manual
8200ST
Troubleshooting
1
i
6
Section 5
Problems
Technical
Factory
Shipping
Section 6
Specifications
Circuit
Parts List
Schematics,
Abbreviations
:
Possible
and
Support
Service
Instructions
Technical
:
Description
Assembly
Causes
Data
Drawings
INDEX
on next page
Page 7
Index
A
abbreviations
accessories
button
AGC
applications
assembly
audible
audio
automatic
B
balanced
bargraph
block
buzzes
C
cable
chassis
chassis,
circuit
circuit
circuit
clicks
clipper-defeat
clipping
common-mode
component
compression
connectors,
control
controls
COUPLE
covers,
customer
D
dBu
de-essing
density
distortion
F
factory
front
fuse
drawings
distortion
connections
input/output
recorder
tape
gain
inputs
driver
diagram
5-2
shielding
ground
getting
boards
to
access
panel
front
description
ground
5-2
3-5,
bias
distortion
transient
numbering
vendors
audio
settings
broadcast
subcarriers
FM
3-2
switch
memory
of
loss
removing/replacing
support
(defined)
3-7
6-4
5-3,
service
3-2
panel
6-2
2-6,
6-33
6-2
3-7
1-3
6-23
3-7,
-
2-6
2-6
-2-8
3-8
control (AGC)
2-9
6-8,6-12
6-23
2-9
2-7,
2-9
inside
4-2
4-2
6-4
2-9
jumpers
6-9
5-3
3-7
rejection
system
6-22
6-6
3-7,
2-7
3-4
transmission
3-5
on
5-4
4-4,6-33
6-6
5-4
5-3
2-8
3-7
4-2
2-5
2-9
6-4
2-2,
power-down
4-2
3-5
G
reduction
gain
meter
3-7,
detector
gate,
gating 3-7,
grounding
control
difficult
ground
5-3,
circuits
2-9,
situations
loop
H
harshness
high-frequency
hum
I
impedance
input
installation
J
jumpers
5-3
limiter 3-7,
pre-emphasis
5-2
2-8
6-6
attenuators
balanced
6-5
buffer
impedance
2-7
level
overload
stages
point
4-3
2-1
access to
positions
K
keep-alive circuit
L
calibration
level
leveling
logic circuit
loudness
3-7,
3-5
6-6
6-12
M
calibration
meter
meters
MODULATION
N
noise
O
operation
options
ordering
output
overshoot
P
packing
parts, ordering
parts
3-2, 4-3,
zone
red
rush-up,
3-1
6-2
parts
impedance
2-7
level
stages
4-3
unbalanced
5-2
shipment
for
6-14
list
3-7
6-6
6-7
6-6
5-2
2-9,2-10
4-3,
3-8
3-7,
2-9
2-7
2-7
4-2
2-4
6-12
2-11
6-11
6-2
3-7
meter
pumping
4-6-15
6-1
2-8
load
6-15
4-3
6-9
6-5
3-9
2-8
5-5
2-10
3-7,
5-3
peak
clippers
control 5-2,
level
output
performance
physical
power
cord
supplies
power
5-2
3-7,
level
evaluation
dimensions
2-3
2-3,
requirements
pre-emphasis
pre-emphasis
product
features
R
rack-mounting
registration card
regulated
regulated
release
release
RF
RFI
ringing
dropout
voltage
shape
time 3-7,
suppression
2-3
2-3
filter
5-2
S
schematics
security
service
shipping
instructions
shipping
shrillness
specifications
stereo
swept
swept sine
6-23
cover
5-4
damage
5-3
3-9
mode
wave measurements
sine
wave
T
3-8
tape
technical
thumps
tilt
timing
transmitter
troubleshooting
support
6-6
5-2
module
pre-emphasis
U
unbalanced load
unregulated
voltage
V
VCAs
VOICE
VOICE
VOICE
voltage
6-4
button
switch
loss
regulators
memory on
of
6-6
4-3,
W
warranty
XLR
(inside
connectors
6-9
3-9
6-1
meter
2-6
4-3
6-2
4-3,5-2,6-13
6-2
1-3
(first
6-1
6-9
2-5
2-6
page)
3-8, 5-3,
jumper
unit
6-13
6-6
3-7,
6-6
6-5
5-2,
6-2
5-5
2-2
6-2
6-9
tests
5-4
6-6
5-1
2-8
6-13
3-7
power-down
5-2,6-13
back cover)
2-7
3-8
2-3
5-3
Page 8
OPTIMOD-STUDIO CHASSIS
8200ST
INTRODUCTION
Section
1
Introduction
page
1-3
contents
Orban
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS 8200ST
Page 9
Page 10
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS
8200ST
INTRODUCTION
1-3
Orban
8200ST
The
limiting
The
applications;
MOD
Features
and
flexibility
audio
Barely
transmitter
control
quality at
proper
include:
•
Up
•
Defeatable
freezes
prevents
of
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
sound
part
Gate”
gain
—
all in a space
of
discrete
ratio often
of
effective
any
—
gain
spoken
provides
absolute
and
particular,
in
processing.
adequate
link the
translates to
receiver.
the
matching
25dB
to
level
the
rush-up
breathing
transparent
control
peak
natural
protecting
signal-to-noise
weakest
improved
Switch-selectable
8200ST to
the
reduction
gain
of
“Silence
controller’s
background
of
during
pauses in
riding,
the
adjustable
-saving,
8200ST
studio-to-transmitter
makes
the broadcast
dynamic
pre-emphasis
standard
for two
not
transmission
channels
conventional
a
when signals
during
noise
voice.
CHASSIS
compression,
rugged,
ideally suited
is
land line
the
8200ST s
The
chain.
the
for
range
limiting and
medium.
of audio.
noise
below
drop
quieter
passages
8200ST
high-frequency
-rack unit
1
many
to
when using
links
microw’ave
or
transparent
link and
gate, but
improved
peak
threshold.
and
high package
broadcast
OPTI-
studio-to-
gain
signal
circuit
This gate
ensure
that
control
a
exaggeration
•
Flexible
provides
in
•
Five
phasis
•
Built-in
•
Two
peak
•
Independent
•
Class-A
•
Broadcast-quality
and
•
Defeatable
level
slow
conjunction
switchable
curves
400Hz
bargraphs
LED
operating
VCAs
outputs.
clipper:
controls:
riding.
gain
with
HF
allow the
line-up
levels.
stereo
or
with
interfacing
smooth
A
A second,
the smooth
Limiter
inherently
follows the
pre-emphasis
limiting to
HF
generators
tone
per channel
operation,
leveler,
much faster
leveler)
simultaneously
controlled
noise and
low
EMI
with
limiter
HF
activated
level
curves
activated
(25|ts to
can be
complement
front
via
distortion.
absolute
for
system
for easy
-suppressed,
when the
controller
with the
15Op.s): These
medium
the
alignment.
displaying
panel
balanced
peak
button is
agc
that works
(one
button.
voice
protected.
being
reduction
gain
couple button.
floating inputs
and
protection.
on,
pre-em-
and
Page 11
INTRODUCTION
Orban
This Page
Intentionally Left Blank.
Page 12
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS 8200ST
Section
2
Installation
Installation
Figure
Figure
Figure
2-1
: AC Line Cord
2-2:
Jumper Settings
2-3:
Suggested Ground
Wiring
Scheme
installation and servicing
The
use by qualified
perform
Instructions unless you are
to qualified
CAUTION
personnel only. To avoid electric shock, do
instructions
any servicing other than that contained
qualified to do so. Refer all
service personnel.
this manual
in
are
for
in the Operating
not
servicing
Page 13
2-2
INSTALLATION
Orban
Installation
Allow about
Installation
mitter’s
jumpers,
pre-emphasis,
mounting the
modulation
8200ST
The
When
transmitter,
Orban’s
according to
OPTIMOD-FM
For
Studio
limiting of the
Unpack
1.
note
If you
claim.
Packed with
45 minutes for
consists of
meters and
simultaneously
OPTIMOD-AM,
8200ST
the
instructions
Chassis
designed
8200ST
inspect.
and
obvious physical
the
8200ST
installation.
unpacking
optional resetting
unit in a
clipping
and
rack,
level, and
provides
connecting
OPTIMOD-HF,
OPTIMOD's
replaces
found
8100A or
the
in the
8101,
for that
allows better
model can
damage,
are:
inspecting the
clipper, output
of
audio and
setting its
level control
OPTIMOD
OPTIMOD-TV
and
also be used,
modulation
contact the
8200ST,
optional
pre-emphasis and
power,
controls
protects
and
OPTIMOD-FM
or
internal
AGC, which
calibrating the
for normal
against
manual.
8180A or
although the
control for
carrier
Power
AC
Operating
Warranty/Registration
Safety
Sheet
pre-emphasized
immediately to
Cord
Manual
defeating of
tone
8200ST
operation.
overmodulation.
8200 is used
should be
8182A, the
high frequency
STLs.
make a damage
Card
trans-
level
s
at the
defeated
Orban
Save
ad
servicing), it
carton and
Complete
b
2. Check
a DO
Check the
b
all packing
is
packing
the Registration
Registration Card
The
performance
helps
request a copy
the
duplicate on page
the line
NOT
respond
us
Registration
voltage,
connectpower to
VOLTAGE
8200ST is shipped
The
60Hz operation, as
or
materials! If you should
ship it in the
to
best
material
improvements,
of your
have been
Card
enables us
promptly to
bill of
Card and
1-6).
We do
fuse and
the unit
and return
and service
claims under
sale or other
send it
to
not
power cord.
yet!
SELECTOR. This is on
configured
indicated
on
ever have to
original
carefully designed to
to
us today.
sell our customer’s
for
the rear panel.
packing
it
Orban.
to
inform you
aids that
the rear
either
may
warranty
proof of purchase.
it
(If
panel.
90-130V or
of new
be
is
names to
Refer to
8200ST
the
ship
materials because
protect
(please)
developed,
without having to
lost, photocopy
180-260V, 50Hz
the unit’s
the unit.
applications,
and it
fill
Please
the
anyone.
rear
in
(e.g.,
both
for
the
Page 14
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
panel
your Model #'s
VOLTAGE
the
appropriate.
as
CHASSIS 8200ST
for your
Model # and
line voltage
SELECTOR to
the inside of
setting. To
1 15V (for
the front cover
change the
90-130V) or
manual for
of this
operating voltage,
230V (for
180-260
INSTALLATION
set
V)
c Check
Check
d
Vi-amp
a
(250mA)
ofthe
AG
3
Slow-Blow fuse
the value
Use
type
power cord.
power
#. The
need to
correct
passes
cord is
plug
(Continental
green/yellow
change
AC power
filter designed to
The
CEE7/7
Model
chassis.
Ifyou
qualified to do so,
with the
fuse and
change the
250V Slow -Blow
for
through
meet
terminated in a '‘U
see
line plug attached.
an IEC-standard
the standards
Europe), as
wire is
the plug to
2-1.
Figure
CONDUCTOR
L
N
E
fuse if the
115V operation, or
for
230V operation.
international
of all
-ground”
appropriate
connected
meet your
Otherwise,
EARTH GND
country’s
LINE
NEUTRAL
value is
connector
mains
safety authorities.
(USA standard),
plug
to
directly to
standard and you
WIRE COLOR
NORMAL
new mains
purchase a
BROWN BLACK
BLUE
GREEN-YELLOW
incorrect.
1
4-amp “T”
and an RF
your 8200ST’s
8200ST
the
are
cord
ALT
WHITE
GREEN
or
PLUG FOR
VAC
230
(EUROPEAN)
Figure
Defeat your STL
3.
transmitter’s
STL
The
crease
strongly
mitter from
peak
recommend
such
transmitter’s
pre-emphasis
modulation
that you
potential
pre-emphasis.
2-1:
Line Cord
AC
pre-emphasis,
network
without
any increase
defeat the
overshoot), and use
transmitter’s
CONDUCTOR
LINE
n
N NEUTRAL
E
EARTH GND
may
in average
the
WIRE
BROWN
GREEN-YELLOW
Wiring
(optional)
introduce
modulation. We
pre-emphasis
8200ST to
COLOR
BLUE
overshoots
(freeing the
provide
that will in-
therefore
trans-
the necessary
Page 15
2-4
INSTALLATION
Orban
iffoi
Clipper Jumpers
‘CLIPPER ON
p
in
JA
CLIPPER
OFF
1
JA
*PEAK
LEFT RIGHT
OUTPUT
Line-up
OUTPUT
Level
Output
‘FLAT
LEFT
OUTPUT
pin
on 1
JE
Jumpers
AVG
LEFT
OUTPUT
Pre-Emphasis
RIGHT
OUTPUT OUTPUT
Jumpers
PRE-EMPHASIZED
LEFT
p
In
JF
RIGHT
OUTPUT
JE
RIGHT
OUTPUT
O
o
JF
-linn
pa
O
JB JC
Figure
2-2:
On
Ida
Jumper
Settings
P
a
JB
(‘Factory
P
lol
JC
Configuration)
Page 16
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS 8200ST
INSTALLATION
transmitter’s
Ifthe
output (see
accommodate
to
Internal jumper
4.
transmission
For
follows:
a To
change any
main circuit board.
the cover
snugly.
Referto
b
according to
pre-emphasis cannot
step
below). In this case
4,
the overshoots,
configuration.
applications, we
CLIPPER
OUTPUT
TONE
in place,
careful not to strip the
(Be
Figure
PRE-EMPHASIS
LEVEL
jumpers
(Make sure power is not
then lift it off.
2-2
find the jumpers on
to
application.
your
reducing the
recommend you
*As Shipped
must remove
you
defeated, then
be
average
modulation levels may
signal-to-noise
From the
the top
connected.)
When replacing
threads by
fastening the
the main
configure the
have to be reduced
ratio achieved
reset the
8200ST’s
on*
pre-emphasized (see step
immediately above)
peak*
Factory
cover ofthe
8200ST to access
Remove all
the cover,
circuit board and to
replace
screws too
8200ST for
flat
in the link.
jumpers, as
screws holding
all screws
tightly.)
position
them
3,
the
following information is
Hie
CLIPPER
absolute
OUTPUT
8200ST‘s
the
device
jumper (JA)
control
peak
the 8200ST’s
If
absolutely
be
approximately
frequency.
prior to
PRE-EMPHASIS jumpers
de-emphasis and feeds
that
does
The
emphasis chosen
have pre-emphasis.
not
FLAT
setting
8200ST’s output to
feeding audio
are
you
TONE
oscillator to
“100%
never exceed
in broadcast
the studio-to-transmitter
8200ST’s output
LEVEL jumpers
produce
peak modulation”
this level
systems
400Hz peak reference
a
to
level
to
provided to explain
on;
this setting enables
the
8200ST's
de-emphasis is disabled,
limited.
follow the chosen
Otherwise,
de-emphasis.
the maximum
de-emphasis
(JE, JF)
pre-emphasized
applies
with the 8200ST
yield an overall “flat”
(JB,
is the threshold of
de-emphasis
a
an STL that
to
peak; this setting
JC)
?
front panel
s
has internal
when the peak clippers
align the
the maximum
8200ST’s output
link. You
can also use
level of a
its settings
each jumper
the 8200ST's
then the
8200ST’s
and
peak
peak level
peak output
as
a
function of
curve
pre-emphasized; this setting
audio
(complementary
filter
an STL
to
to
HF Limiter control) to
response. Use the
pre-emphasis.
enables the
level tone at
the 8200ST's
are activated. Use
level
to
FLAT
8200ST’s built-in
peak
100%
peak clippers:
the 100%
peak reference
modulation
peak reference
digital link.
clippers,
will
will
level
or other
pre-
the
the
if
setting
modulation.
level
to
in detail.
achieving
disables
broadcast
tone
peaks will
level
level of
the
align
Page 17
INSTALLATION
Orban
Mount
5.
The
There should
check
peak
The
enabled
8200ST’s
the
reference
inconsistently)
(but
tone
The
the output
very low
any
that
restore
metering
and the
modulation
When TONE
approximately
approximately
We do
mode,
8200ST
the
8200ST
requires
be a good
with an ohmmeter.
this
reference
when the
and
peak
level. If
level is
will be
frequencies
pre-emphasis
tone to
the
of such
8200ST’s
level
LEVEL jumpers
18dB
to
anticipate
not
it is available
but
in a
one standard
ground
level is only
8200ST is
clippers are
the output
reduce
before
set
slightly lower
unaffected by
in the
the correct
equipment
driven
will therefore be
tone
driven equipment
of the
below 100%
(when
OVU
that many
for
rack,
connection
valid when the
jumpered for
defeated, some
8200ST is
of the
levels.
peak
de-emphasis. So
than 100%
pre-emphasis.
equipment
level.
you
special line-up
receiving the
In almost
occurs
are set to
modulation.
VU
use a
will use
users
(optional)
3
unit (l
rack
between
8200ST’s
pre-emphasized output.
will exceed
peaks
this will
“flat,’'
8200ST is
ifthe
modulation
However,
8200ST’s
all cases,
after its
the
at
correctly.
internal
appropriate
AVERAGE,
level corresponds
This
the tone
rack and
the
monitor
4.4
meter to
requirements.
/
inches,
4
peak clippers
the
substantially
strapped
reference to
with
please
output
modulation
the
pre-emphasis,
level
to
the tone
line levels).
oscillator
cm).
the 8200ST
are
peak
FLAT,
note
will
the
set
level is
in this
If
chassis
—
Mounting
recommended.
not
is
ment
Connect
6.
the hook-up and
See
Connect
7.
sure you
Be
a Connect
the unit near
Ambient
powered.
audio input and
grounding information
have
power.
green
cord.
checked
power light
power
The
heat-producing
large
temperature
output.
the voltage
on the
devices
should not
on the following
setting
lower right of
and fuse
may
exceed
according to
the front
shorten
component
1 13°F
pages.
panel should
(45°C)
step
light.
life and is
when
2 above.
equip-
Page 18
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS
8200ST
INSTALLATION
Audio
Wire:
recommend
We
because
lent),
signal, is used
carry
not
only.
end
Connectors:
output
and
Input
input
and
using
current
signal
Because use
carefully
of
MENDED!
ments.
Sometimes,
practical
only
shielded
connectors
pin 3 of
output
ST
pins
connectors
the XLR
balanced,
iring
home-type
ments or
the
the
XLR
cable to
8200
connect
In
3 are a
studio w
automatically
Output
two-conductor
through
flows
only for
single-conductor
of
controlling
Even so,
particularly if you
cables to
1 and 3 of
connectors, pin
standard: If one
HI.
shielding,
the system
it often does
equipment,
alternative.
the
(+)
respectively.
8200ST’s input
the
cable to
floating
pin 3 of
both
XLR connectors.
are
pair.
Connections
(such as
shielded
are
In this case,
sides
Connect
input and
1 is
This
cable
ordinarily
virtually
adequately
connect
of the
2)
the shield
and connect
XLR,
8200ST’s
output
GROUND,
scheme is
considered
conductors
scheme,
8200ST
XLRs
the two
and is
cables
grounding
work
using the
single-conductor
(pin
the
CHASSIS
wiring
pin is
Belden
only.
connected to
eliminates
shielded
the
any
NOT
it is
low-RF
in
with musical
inner
8200ST input
the
of
the
XLR.
output
within the
while
compatible
the
LO,
845
The
ground at one
possibility
RECOM-
environ-
instru-
may be
cable
conductors
output
and
8200ST
of
shield
Internally
connectors.
pin 2 and
with
pin
other
equiva-
or
1
shield does
of
input
the
pin
any
is
Input:
Nominal
+26dBu.
•
The
fessional and
a
•
Input
anced.
input level is
=
(OdBu
voltmeters
electronically-balanced
source
impedance
connections
between
0.775V RMS;
can
be
semi-professional
of
are the
—10
for this
were calibrated
read as
if
input of
600Q or less.
same
and
application,
each
sound
whether
+8dBu.
in dBu.)
channel is
equipment,
the driving
absolute
The
the dBm
balanced or
source
overload
600Q scale
@
compatible
is balanced
point is
on
with most
unbalanced,
or
pro-
with
unbal-
Page 19
INSTALLATION
Orban
Audio
(Continued):
Input
•
Connect the
considered
is
the pin on
your
•
In low RF
input
transmitter
8200ST
•
the output
If
GROUND and
wire
Output
The two
transformer
capacitor
output is
electronically-balanced and
capable of
Input
organization.
—
and Output
red (or white)
HI
by
the XLR
fields (like a
it should be
site), also
input.
the standards
connector
connected at
connect the
ofthe driving
(or LO) output
(-)
common
the
to
output.
(-)
The source
between each output
driving loads of
Connections
wire
studio site), do
unit is imbalanced
or ground
impedance
(HI
the
to
ofyour
or
(#2
#3)
the source end
shield
terminals, connect
terminal
floating outputs
LO)
and
6000 or
pin on the
organization.
considered
that is
not connect
pin 1 of
to
and does not
the
of
of each
In addition,
300.
is
chassis
the
to
higher.
(Continued)
XLR connector
Connect the
LO
by
the cable
only. In
the male
both the
driving unit.
shieldatthe
high RF
XLRconnector at
have separate
shield and
channel
there is a
for RFI
suppression.
or
(#2
the standards
#3)
black wire to
8200ST
fields (like a
CHASSIS
the black
simulate a
true
lOOOpF
that
of
the
The
unbalanced
an
If
should be
it
of the
ground,
required
XLR
and take the
even though
•
two-conductor
Use
•
the
At
connect the cable’s
Connect the
is considered
the pin on
your
output
taken between pin 2
connector (pin 2 or
HI
is
output
required (to
one side of the output
foil-shielded cable
8200ST’s output (and at
shield
to
red (or white)
HI
the XLR connector
organization.
standards ofyour
by the
drive
and pin 3 ofthe
depending on
3,
from the
the CHASSIS
wire
remaining pin.
the output
the pin
to
or
(#3
#2)
is grounded.
(Belden
unbalanced
XLR
your
inputs of other
connector.
organization’s
No special
or equivalent).
8451,
of other equipment
GROUND (pin
on the XLR
organization. Connect
considered LO by
that is
on
1)
connector
equipment),
Connect the
standards)
precautions are
in the
the XLR
connector.
or
(#2
the black wire
the standards
LO
pin
to
system),
that
#3)
to
of
Page 20
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
Grounding
CHASSIS
8200ST
INSTALLATION
Very often,
possible to
cause
can
and
units
•
All
output
common-mode
driven
•
All
chassis
•
In low
source
the
•
high RF
In
solid
equipment
all
ground
Power:
• Ground
grounding
ground.
from
could
grounding
an audio
wire
oscillation)
in the system
impedances
from a
equipment
grounds
fields,
RF
(output)
fields (such as
ground at
earth
loops
the 8200ST
techniques
proper
A
ground is a
power
result!
approached
is
studio so
that
and provides
have
must
high input
and
rejection
balanced
circuit
must be
cable shields must be
in such
could
that
and
unbalanced
or
grounds must be
connected
end.
transmitter
both ends to
environments
otherwise be
chassis
never leave
power
ground is
safety'
‘‘hit or
in a
free
it is
maximum
balanced
impedances,
prevent
through the
hazard . If
ground
source.
together.
sites),
maximize
must
introduced.
equipment
essential to
miss
ground loops
from
protection
inputs. In a
loops
(The
connected to
connected
cable
their RF
balanced
have
wire
third
chassis
safe
power
is
there
a
manner.
from
modem
balanced
a
—
regardless
8200ST
each
one
at
shields
shielding.
the
in
unconnected
operation.
fault to
(which
has
other;
end
must
inputs
power
with
But
power
system
input
balanced
only
be
This
Lifting a
the
care it
induce
faults.
with
provide
will
whether
of
inputs.)
equipment
all
preferably
—
connected
means
prevent
to
cord.
power/earth
to
chassis,
is
hum
low
it is
to a
that
the
Proper
chassis
death
Page 21
2-10
INSTALLATION
Orban
Grounding
Difficult Situations:
Because
by
is always
the use
RFI, hum,
applicable.
If you
noise
ing.
the buzz
only on
ground loop
A
have a
general
of
When a
ordinarily
to the
pins
it is not
8200ST has
the
connected
ofthe AC
follow Fig
sounds
Try connecting
goes away.
your organization’s
ground loop,
principle
equipment!
single-conductor shielded
output of
and 3 ofthe 8200ST’s
1
always possible to
power ground often
clicks, and buzzes,
2-3
like
a
usually causes a
one and
:
receive
chassis
the 8200ST. To
(Continued)
determine if the
its circuit ground
ground prong ofthe AC
the
to
the wiring
and hum or
low-level
the LO pin on the
Either pin
think carefully about
only one circuit ground
ground
noise appears,
crackling buzz, then
3 or pin 2 will
standards,
smooth, steady
cable is used
from the
minimize hum or
input and output
equipment driving
internally connected to
power cord,
introduces noise
techniques in Fig
8200ST’s
work
hum
what is
for
external equipment
XLR
or other
don’t
be
probably
XLR connector to
the LO pin;
as
rather than
going on, and
path should
audio
buzz, it may
connectors
or being driven
its chassis
ifpresent), and because
imperfections such
2-3
afraid to
there isn’t
ground (which
are not
experiment.
universally
enough ground-
ground and see
the choice depends
crackly
a
buzz. Ifyou
keep in mind
exist between
connections, the
which it
connecting
is
be necessary to
together.
If the
the
each piece
will
shield
connect
as
if
Figure
2-3:
Suggested
Ground Scheme
Page 22
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS
8200ST
INSTALLATION
Calibrate
8.
a Press
b
c
Set
9.
The
program
the
The
“0.”
The
level of
Adjust
driven
being
The L
ter. Provided
modulation
tion.
Press the
If
you may
over-modulation
controls
following
material.
MODULATION
tone button.
TONE lamp
If they do
8200ST is
this tone
out and
the L
to
out and
tone button to
the transmitter
for
assumes
not,
now
100%
R out controls
that
meter
have to
normal
meters.
light and
should
restrap jumpers
producing a
corresponds to
R out controls so
400Hz sine
100%
modulation.
are now
no significant
will now give
off the
turn
the L
overshoots
generator
OUT and
subcarrier
or
reduce
caused by
operation with
VU meter is
that a
modulation
the
JB and JC
to
wave at
modulation.
transmitter
the
that
correctly
overshoot occurs
suffers
indication of
from
accurate
an
tone
R out control
on certain
program
used to
meters
“peak.” (See
calibrated to
should
each output.
or
transmitter, the
in the
bounce or
settings to
signals.
audio
material.
determine
indicate
page
peak
The
subcarrier
transmit-
the
modula-
peak
overshoot,
peak
avoid
drive
line
2-5.)
generator is
levels
with
a Set
bd
controls as
L OUT,
Feed
typical
c Adjust
LIMITER
HF
R OUT
RELEASE
VOICE
COUPLE
8200ST
the
program
the
recommend
We
GATE
AGC
gain
follows:
Set to
Do not
12:00
12:00
OFF
ON
ON
either
material at
reduction
8-15dB
match the
change
with tone at
normal
control
gain
levels.
for the
reduction for
pre-emphasis
your system
desired
most
of the
reference
amount
formats.
transmission
level (0VU),
of gain
reduction.
system
or
with
Page 23
2-12
INSTALLATION
Orban
10.
the
Set
this
[Skip
your
tell
To
link), set
panel
front
QUICK
or
studio
step
if
8200 that an
studio
the
SYSTEM
SETUP
chassis
are not
you
chassis
SETUP
studio
status on
using
studio
Orban
parameter to
I/O
chassis
Installation
your
OPTIMOD-FM
an
chassis
[YES]
CALIB
screen
status
Completed.
OPTIMOD-FM
8200
is installed at
parameter
. This
(see
(see page
2-44
page
screen
8200 to [YES].
with your 8200ST.
your studio
can be set
2-54
of
(feeding the
the 8200
of
8200 manual).
the
the 8200’s
on
manual)
STL
Page 24
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS 8200ST
3-2
3-4
3-7
Section
8200ST Controls
Example
More About
Control Settings
8200ST
3
and Meters
Audio
Processing
The installation
use by qualified
perform any
Instructions unless
to qualified service
Caution
and servicing
personnel only. To avoid
servicing
you are
personnel.
instructions in this manual are for
other than that contained in
qualified to do so. Refer all
electric shock do
the Operating
servicing
not
Page 25
OPERATION
Orban
8200ST
GAIN
levels
gain
AGC/compressor
level
GATE
is
signal
and
slowly
REDUCTION
rapid,
for
reduction by
not
does
control
conventional
not a
drops
exaggeration
the
to
change
below
average
Controls
control
accurate
increasing
sets
of
stereo
circuitry.
significantly
threshold
the
noise gate,
threshold.
breathing
amount
(The
and
simultaneously
adjustment
signal being
the
compression
when
ofthe
circuit
a
but
prevents
It
gain
pauses
reduction
during
of
Meters
adjusts
gain reduction.
of
applied
ratio
change
you
8200ST's
that
rush-up
in spoken
to
of
gain
Silence
freezes
background
of
over the
left and
the
fixed
the
AGC
the
reduction.)
Gate.
the
voice.
past
channel
nght
Higher settings
threshold
is very
The
level
noise
After
30-second
high, so
8200ST’s
controller's
during
gating,
period.
produce
ofthe
Silence
quiet
gain moves
the
input drive
more
8200ST’s
the output
Gate
gain when
passages
RELEASE
agc button
long-term
turned
is
punchier,
active
only
COUPLE
control
is
average
toward
more
when
button
independent
both
reduction
any
at
This is
of
given
useful
always operate
problems.
The
Their
couple mode
speeds
When set to
on).
constant,
level
the
fast,
consistent
agc button
the
determines
or coupled to
channels is
instant.
When set
correcting a
for
independently,
operation
active
is
or slows
the
slow, the
but
short-term
sound.
Quiet passages
LED is
whether
preserve a
determined by
off, the
poorly
unaffected
is
when the
balanced
since
8200ST's
level controller
allowing
the illusion
dynamics are
on.
the gain
balanced
channel
the
channels
two
stereo
short release
their
couple
the
by
couple
button
primary AGC
acts
of
affected
made
are
reduction
stereo
image.
that
of the
program.
button.)
LED is
controller
level
leveler,
slow
as a
dynamics.
wide
resulting in a
well,
as
the left
The
and
louder.
of
When set to
most gain
requires
8200ST operate
times
on.
the
high-frequency
(The
preclude
(when
keeping
control
the
As
denser,
release control
channels
nght
on, the
reduction
independently.
limiters
stereo
imaging
the
the
is
is
gain
Page 26
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS
8200ST
OPERATION
VOICE
is
protection
controller
would
has
changes.
appropriate
later be
AM,
only leave
compressed
HF
of
produces
voices,
mixed
limiter ensures
pre-emphasis.
the
the
button
fast
The
on).
for
only
is
otherwise
unusually
an
The
for
processed by
-TV, or
-FM,
voice
or
LIMITER
control.
HF
the
is
and
program
switch
high frequency
also
turns
compression
better
activated
cause
high
control is
voice
voice-only
-HF),
on
if
limited.
peak
switch
The 25p.s
The
most.
effective
more
material.
that the
internal
If the
determines
limiter.
on the
control
8200ST’s
function
the
of
those
by
overload,
pcak-to-avcragc
applications.
Orban
an
the
the
turns the
setting
HF
As a
peak
voice is also
active
multiband
on-air
final
program
high frequency
produces
limiter is
than
high-frequency
output
pre-emphasis
pre-emphasis at
the
second
of this
wide
transients
ratio or is
the
when
However,
result
material
the least
particularly
traditional
is
signal
jumper
level
AGC
controller
dynamics
that
useful
agc and
OPTIMOD
will be
mainly speech
is
limiter
provides
of
are too
fast
controlling
for
characterized by
voice
processed
if the
broadcast
smoothest
on or
high-frequency
effective
sibilance-detecting
limiter in
perfectly
is
8200ST
the
transmission
controlled to
in the
controller
unprocessed
for the
(when the
faster
slower
transient
voice.
program
output
voice is
if
that
limiting;
LEDs are
processor
not been
has
determines
excessively
de-essers
applications,
not exceed
button
off and
de-essing
at
pre-emphasized
output.
s
The
ago button
overshoot
The
AGC and
material
many abrupt
voice
on.
8200ST
ofthe
(OPTIMOD-
In this
off.
previously
the amount
15 Ops setting
the
when used
the selected
output
off setting
position,
second
which
that
level
will
case,
sibilant
on
hf
the
defeats
is
disables
button
AGC
AGC
faster
when you
Simply
before
TONE
system
modulation
modulation,
it.
button
setup,
enables
compressor,
want to use
activates
the
or
the
or
the
de-activate
400Hz tone
nominal
level
peak
the
hf
the
studio
of this
Silence
limiter
the
8200ST’s
8200ST’s
the
Gate,
(and
button to
agc
built-in
can be
operating
tone
and
clipper,
alignment
internally
level
maximum
the
is
control
level
coupling).
stereo
if activated)
disable
the level
jumpered to
page
(see
functions
The
alone
control.
generator.
tone
operate at
2-5). When set
level
peak
(the
agc button
without
Extremely
will
that
slow AGC,
is useful
level
useful at
either 100%
to 100%
produced by
be
the
control
peak
peak
Page 27
OPERATION
the
8200ST with
transmitters,
level, the
L
OUT
controller
tone
and
maximum
protected.
subcarrier
is
useful
R
OUT
circuitry
output
its
to
of the
Clipper
generators
for
setting
controls
protect
8200ST
activated.
and digital
average
adjust
equipment
to
just below
Use this
levels
the
output
down-line,
links.
with
the
tone
to quickly
When
a VU meter.
level.
When
these
overload
set
to nominal
using
controls
point
of
align
the
are
the
equipment
the
8200ST
studio
operating
8200ST’s
used
to
Orban
to
peak
set the
being
GAIN
red LED
REDUCTION
at the far
MODULATION
all
processing,
amplifier.
level of
peak
controls,
to
+24dBu.
The
subcarrier
GATE
control.
the
reference
which
meter
indicator
“OdB”
400Hz tone
The meter
is
particularly
generator
HF indicators
COUPLE,
enabled (on).
POWER
appropriate
VOICE,
indicator
AC
left of
meters
but before
corresponds
level.
The
set the
light
reference
reads
that
lights
when
AGC, and
lights
power
source.
meters
the
bargraph
indicate
the
de-emphasis
to the
produced
actual
within
useful
does
not
when
HF
limiting
when
display
the
threshold
by the
output level
level
0.5dB
as a peak
have
the
input
TONE
the
up to
25dB of
lights,
peak
operating
(if
built-in
at the
8200ST’s
ofthe
modulation
accurately
levels falls
occurs.
indicators
power
no further
activated),
of the
alignment
of
the
true
peak
calibrated
light
cord
is
gain
reduction
gain
level
of the
out
internal
tone
8200ST is
XLR
output from
value
indicator
peak
below
the
when
connected
reduction
8200ST
controls
clipper
generator
determined
of
a
10-microsecond
for
a microwave
-reading
threshold
their
respective
to
the
in
each
is
and
and
rear
channel.
available.
at the
balanced
also
to
when
strapped for
by the out
less
than
STL
meters.
set
by the
buttons
panel
If
output
output
the
peak
-
lOdBu
pulse.
or FM
gate
and
the
of
are
an
Example
NOTE:
the
There
chart-like
experimentation
These
8200ST
are
specific
into
your
also
many
presentation
are
Control
application
system.
other
the
Actual
applications
of
recommended
best
guides.
Settings
setups
are
intended
setups
will
which
by their
settings.
vary
as a starting
with
experience
nature
In
these
point
and
do not
applications,
lend
for
integration
experimentation.
themselves
experience
to a
and
of
Page 28
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS
8200ST
OPERATION
Level
Satellite
Control Before
HF
GAIN REDUCTION
Clipper jumper (JA)
Uplink
HF LIMITER
REDUCTION
GAIN
OUT
LIMITER
GATE
RELEASE
VOICE
AGC
OUT
GATE
RELEASE
VOICE
AGC
Digital Link
match the
peak
off (or to
5-1
for
12:00
12:00
set according to
off is
8200ST’s internal alignment
reference level) to
complement any
G/R (or for amount
OdB
program material;
usually appropriate
processed with an OPTIMOD
ON
ON
match the
peak
modulation level.
off (or to
5-1
for
12:00
12:00
according to
set
off is
processed with an
8200ST's internal
reference level) to the
complement any
G/R (or for
OdB
program material;
usually
appropriate, unless
OPTIMOD broadcast
ON
tone (strapped for
the digital clip
point.
pre-emphasis used)
of AGC gain
unless material
broadcast
alignment tone
transmitter 100%
processor.
pre-emphasis
amount of AGC gain
material will note be
processor.
reduction required)
will
not be
(strapped for
used)
reduction
later
required)
later
Clipper jumper
Subcarrier
FM
HF LIMITER
REDUCTION
GAIN
Clipper jumper (JA)
(JA)
Generators
OUT
GATE
RELEASE
VOICE
AGC
ON
the
match
peak reference
8200ST’s
level) to 100%
150ps
5-1
for
OdB G/R (or for
12:00
12:00
set according to
is usually appropriate.
on
ON
ON
internal
amount of AGC
program
alignment tone
subcarrier
material;
(strapped for
modulation level.
reduction required)
gain
Page 29
OPERATION
Orban
Discrete
GAIN
Clipper jumper
15kHz
Analog Phone
GAIN
Analog STL
OUT
HF LIMITER
REDUCTION
GATE
RELEASE
VOICE
AGC
(JA)
OUT
LIMITER
HF
REDUCTION
GATE
RELEASE
VOICE
AGC
the
match
reference
peak
level.
(or to
off
5-1
for
OdB
12:00
12:00
according to
set
off
usually
is
primarily
ON
on
Lines
the 8200ST’s
match
reference
peak
phone lines.
by the
OFF
5-1
for
OdB
12:00
12:00
set according to
usually
off is
primarily
ON
8200ST’s internal
level) to the
complement any
G/R (or
for amount
program
appropriate,
unprocessed
level) to
G/R (or
speech.
internal
for amount of
program
appropriate,
unprocessed
speech.
alignment tone
transmitter 100%
pre-emphasis
of AGC gain
material;
unless program
alignment tone
maximum peak level
the
AGC gain
material;
unless program
(strapped for
modulation
used)
reduction required)
material is
(strapped for
accepted
reduction
material is
required)
Clipper
jumper (JA) on
Page 30
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS 8200ST
OPERATION
More About
Reduction
Gain
reduction control
gain
The
level going
signal
input
careful not to
Be
the far
left of
Unlike the
meters
run out
distortion
give
of gain
(and
Leveling
release controls
reduction
gain
brings lower
more consistent
high
ing a
on when using very
dynamic
of
levels.
adjust
each
metering
warning that
a
various
Compression
and
activity
level
with
impact sound.
range
8200ST
(Using
gain
in some
reduction
the
signals up
fast
and add
the gain
determines the
into the
the controls to
gain control
reduction meter lights.
processors,
must be heeded.
range,
nastinesses to
(Using
“sound
texture.” As you adjust
becomes
faster and faster.
much
tightly-controlled
a
(To avoid
RELEASE settings
no coloration
Audio Processing
reduction
produce so
the red
and various
commence).
the release
faster, and
dynamic
possible
.)
to
control and meters)
overall amount of
circuitry.
gain reduction that
much
segments of the
the meter is in the
When
circuits
will clip,
and voice
release control
the
This serves two
the sound
2)
fast release is useful
range,
distortion,
Settings
sound, only
the
you
towards
gain
becomes denser,
should set the
SLOWtend to
controlling
reduction
8200ST’s
red, the
causing objectionable
setting the
by
the red
gain reduction
compressor has
controls)
towards
purposes;
The
1)
voice
retain a
term average
long
louder, and
for produc-
full
LED
fast, the
8200ST
function
sense
at
control
voice
The
fast-attack
where you
used
Gating
gate control sets
The
during pauses
limiting
want fast
release set
with
(Using the gate
and
The 8200ST's
gate”
below the
to
tional noise gate
High-frequency
8200ST’s
The
adapts
media
to the
following the
high-frequency
high-frequency
spectrum
limiter may be
complements
function
response to
is added to the
fast, voices have
near
control)
level below which
the
low-level passages.
gating function is
not intended to reduce
because
prevent
Limiting
it is
level at
which they occur in
unnatural exaggeration of
can be used
(Using the hf
limiter is
of the
8200ST.
In addition to
useful in
the release
abrupt level changes.
control. When
slow-attack
excellent consistency.
the AGC
Gating is enabled
not the same as a
the original program.
such material.
before the
essentially
8200ST.)
limiter control)
program material to
general-purpose
de-essing
vocals that have already
voice
leveling
This setting
will freeze
is ideal for
when the
conventional
or other undesired sounds
noise
(If needed,
variable
a
prevent
6dB/octave low-pass
overloading
high-frequency
active (LED on), a
is
function. This is
speech. When
prevent
to
agc button is
Its purpose is
noise rush-up
“noise
conven-
a
on.
pre-emphasized
limiting, the
mixed
been
useful
filterthat
with
Page 31
OPERATION
Orban
program
other
de-essers because
“holes”
punch
hf
The
pre-emphasis
3dB
at
high-frequency
should
Settings” and
match
Because
limiters of
button.
The
independent
frequency
off. When
care to avoid
in the
limiter
for the
l/(27tT)Hz,
that of
the
their short
each
high-frequency
of it.
limiter.
you
over-driving the
Pre-Emphasis
none
(is
25
37.5ps
Ops
5
75ps
lOOps
Ops
15
material. It
its
performs this
threshold does
program.
switch enables
high-frequency
where
limiting; 150ps
the medium
following
release
channel operate
Ordinarily,
To use
the
use
table).
limiter is located after
the
8200ST this way,
task
not follow
disables the
or
limiter. These
T is the
time constant
produces
being
preclude stereo
times
independently,
leveler/compressor
the
the average
the most.
protected (see
high-frequency
adjust
high-frequency
3dB at
Up
limiter or
—
6.37kHz
4.24kHz
3.18kHz
2.12kHz
1.59kHz Cassette
1.06kHz
significantly
high-frequency
are
more smoothly
level, and because
input
all 6dB/octave
seconds. 25ps
in
Generally, the
preceding
the
imaging problems,
regardless
the
limiter
gain
the
of the
leveler/compressor
controls the
independently, set
reduction control
clipping
the VCAs.
Application
Recording
PCM
Recording tape
Recording
FM
PCM
tape at
digital links
tape at
broadcast
digital links
at 15ips
(Europe)*;
pre-emphasis (50ps/15ps)
broadcast*,
FM
microwave STLs
duplication**
FM SCA
subcarriers
limiter and
curves
produces
pre-emphasis
“Example
the
position
and is
levels
input
30ips;
7.5ips
with
cassette
duplication**,
than dedicated
cannot
it
selects the
which are up
least
the
curve
Control
high-frequency
of the
the
with
couple
essentially
high-
the
to
agc
button
particular
ELAJ
—
....
—
*
broadcast
FM
**
Depends on tape quality
ensure
(To
STL or
pre-emphasized
If you
If you
The thresholds,
been
resemble real
on the
curves
the
ofthe
leveling
essary
accuracy in broadcast
generator should be
SCA
output
high-frequency
hear
hear excessive
time
optimized for
program
high-frequency
selected with the
high-frequency limiter
circuit to
high-frequency
pre-emphasis standards
whether Dolby
and
STL or SCA
defeated,
—
high-frequency loss,
constants,
unobtrusive
material.
limiter,
avoid
gain reduction.)
see
distortion,
Limiter switch.
hf
has been set
having
“Installation”
compression
and
processing
Consequently,
the curves
transient
vary by
applications,
the 8200ST’s
and
in Section
switching the
try
lower setting.
try
a
ratios of
dynamic program
of
if
you
that are produced
primary reason for
(The
several
overshoots from
dB above
country.
HX Pro
processing
pre-emphasis
the
2.)
Limiter switch to
hf
high-frequency
the
material.
make swept sine
will not
the steady-state
leveling circuit
the
jumpers
wave
be the exact
this is that the
is used.
network
should
Sine waves do
be
set
higher setting.
a
limiter have
measurements
inverses
threshold
threshold
cause unnec-
in the
for
not
of
ofthe
—
-
Page 32
OPTIMOD-STUDIO
CHASSIS
8200ST
OPERATION
Stereo-Tracking and
(Using
The
program
ensures stable
channel
When
reduction.
tion practices
pendent operation
usually
Peak
(Reading
The
controls.
frequent
The 8200ST’s
light by
the
the couple
8200ST is
material in each
requiring
couple
the
This can
stereo
a
stereo
the
button
have created
of the
slow enough to
Levels and the
modulation Meters)
the
modulation meter
When you use
peaks at
comparison to
subsequent de
100%
modulation meter
-emphasis
imaging. In this mode,
sometimes be
Independent
Two-Channel
control)
and
device
channel. Setting the
greater amount of gain
off,
is
recorded
unsuitable for
is
left and right
the
beneficial in broadcast
material with
8200ST’s AGC can
prevent
audible motion of
Modulation Meter
monitors
50ps
modulation and will
clipping density
the signal prior to
pre-emphasis
will show this
rolls
off
any
in an Orban
clipping-induced
Operation
dual-channel
couple button
gain reduction
reduction.
channels can take
applications where
significant
correct such
the stereo
de-emphasis
(or above), most
therefore hit the
clearly. However,
broadcast
operation
on (for stereo
ofboth
imbalance,
channels
separate amounts
channel
image.
(if
program
peak clippers
clipping
transmission
distortion into
with unrelated
operation)
mode
will follow the
ofgain
poor produc-
imbalance. Inde-
and its operation is
and the out
used)
material produces
in the 8200ST.
density is very
processor, and
inaudibility.
you are
When
occur from
will
peaks
8200ST
it
is
the
8200ST is
there is
to
is because
decided
we
material.
density;
broadcast
a
far better suited
is
transmission
which
operating
no
the
levels
set
processing is
designed
system, the
to increase
MOD units work best
OPT!
with no pre-emphasis,
—4
-8dB below the
to
de-emphasis
very
instead to
transmission
designed to
to
conservatively
specifically not
handle the audio as
audio processor
short-term
provide.
peaks at
clipping
roll offany
to
density
when they
100% will
threshold at
distortion
prevent
designed to
gently and
caused
clipping
increase
(OPTIMOD-AM,
than is
receive the cleanest
the 8200ST.
occur very
“0”
the
by
with almost any program
short-term program
transparently
rarely. (Most
on
the meter.)
peak clipper,
as possible. In
-FM, -TV,
Further, these
possible
This
so
or -HF)
audio,
Page 33
3-10
OPERATION
This
Intentionally
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Left
Orban
Blank.
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