ON Semiconductor MC33340, MC33342 Technical data

MC33340, MC33342

Battery Fast Charge Controllers

The MC33340 and MC33342 are monolithic control IC’s that are specifically designed as fast charge controllers for Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) and Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries. These devices feature negative slope voltage detection as the primary means for fast charge termination. Accurate detection is ensured by an output that momentarily interrupts the charge current for precise voltage sampling. An additional secondary backup termination method can be selected that consists of either a programmable time or temperature limit. Protective features include battery over and undervoltage detection, latched over temperature detection, and power supply input undervoltage lockout with hysteresis. Fast charge holdoff time is the only difference between the MC33340 and the MC33342. The MC33340 has a typical holdoff time of 177 seconds and the MC33342 has a typical holdoff time of 708 seconds.

• Negative Slope Voltage Detection with 4.0 mV Sensitivity

• Accurate Zero Current Battery Voltage Sensing

• High Noise Immunity with Synchronous VFC/Logic

• Programmable 1 to 4 Hour Fast Charge Time Limit

• Programmable Over/Undertemperature Detection

• Battery Over and Undervoltage Fast Charge Protection

• Power Supply Input Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis

• Operating Voltage Range of 3.25 V to 18 V

• 177 seconds Fast Change Holdoff Time (MC33340)

• 708 seconds Fast Change Holdoff Time (MC33342)

• Pb−Free Packages are Available

Input

Regulator

Undervoltage

Counter

Timer

Lockout

Over

Under

t/T

Internal Bias

sen

Gate

Fast/

Trickle

This device contains 2,512 active transistors.

Voltage to

Frequency

Converter

Battery Detect

Ck F/V R

High

Low

−V Detect

sen

Gate

F/T

GND

Figure 1. Simplified Block Diagram

Temp Detect

Time/ Temp Select

Over Temp Latch

Battery

Pack

t1/T

High

ref

t2/T

sen

t3/T

Low

ref

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MARKING

DIAGRAMS

PDIP−8

P SUFFIX

CASE 626

SO−8 D SUFFIX CASE 751

x = 0 or 2 A = Assembly Location WL, L = Wafer Lot YY, Y = Year WW, W= Work Week

MC3334xP

AWL

YYWW

3334x ALYW

PIN CONNECTIONS

Input

sen

Gate Output

sen

Fast/Trickle Output

Gnd

(Top View)

t1/T

High

ref

t2/T

sen

t3/T

Low

ref

ORDERING INFORMATION

See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 12 of this data sheet.

 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2004

August, 2004 − Rev. 6

1 Publication Order Number:

MC33340/D

MC33340, MC33342

MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1)

Rating

Power Supply Voltage (Pin 8) V Input Voltage Range

Time/Temperature Select (Pins 5, 6, 7) V Battery Sense, (Note 2) (Pin 1) V

Gate Output (Pin 2)

sen

Voltage Current

Fast/Trickle Output (Pin 3)

Voltage Current

Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Air R

P Suffix, DIP Plastic Package, Case 626 100

D Suffix, SO−8 Plastic Package, Case 751 178 Operating Junction Temperature T Operating Ambient Temperature (Note 3) T Storage Temperature T

Maximum ratings are those values beyond which device damage can occur. Maximum ratings applied to the device are individual stress limit values (not normal operating conditions) and are not valid simultaneously . If these limits are exceeded, device functional operation is not implied, damage may occur and reliability may be affected.

1. This device series contains ESD protection and exceeds the following tests: Human Body Model 2000 V per MIL−STD−883, Method 3015 Machine Model Method 400 V

Symbol Value Unit

18 V

IR(t/T)

IR(sen)

O(gate)

O(F/T)



stg

−1.0 to VCC + 0.6 or −1.0 to 10

−1.0 to V

20 50

°C/W

+150 °C

−25 to +85 °C

−55 to +150 °C

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MC33340, MC33342

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V

= 6.0 V, for typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA is the operating

ambient temperature range that applies (Note 3), unless otherwise noted.)

Characteristic

BATTERY SENSE INPUT (Pin 1)

Input Sensitivity for −V Detection Overvoltage Threshold Undervoltage Threshold Input Bias Current Input Resistance

TIME/TEMPERATURE INPUTS (Pins 5, 6, 7)

Programing Inputs (Vin = 1.5 V)

ББББББББББББББББ

Input Current

Input Current Matching Input Offset Voltage, Over and Under Temperature Comparators Under Temperature Comparator Hysteresis (Pin 5) Temperature Select Threshold

INTERNAL TIMING

Internal Clock Oscillator Frequency V

Gate Output (Pin 2)

sen

ББББББББББББББББ

Gate Time

Gate Repetition Rate Fast Charge Holdoff from −V Detection

ББББББББББББББББ

sen

MC33340

MC33342

GATE OUTPUT (Pin 2) Off−State Leakage Current (VO = 20 V) Low State Saturation Voltage (I

= 10 mA)

sink

FAST/TRICKLE OUTPUT (Pin 3)

Off−State Leakage Current (VO = 20 V) Low State Saturation Voltage (I

= 10 mA)

sink

UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (Pin 8)

Startup Threshold (VCC Increasing, TA = 25°C) Turn−Off Threshold (VCC Decreasing, TA = 25°C)

TOTAL DEVICE (Pin 8)

Power Supply Current (Pins 5, 6, 7 Open)

ББББББББББББББББ

Startup (V Operating (V

= 2.9 V)

= 6.0 V)

2. Whichever voltage is lower.

3. Tested junction temperature range for the MC33340/342: T

= −25°CT

low

Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

−V

th(OV)

th(UV)

ÁÁÁ

I

H(T)

th(t/T)

OSC

gate

ÁÁÁ

hold

ÁÁÁ

off

th(on)

th(off)

ÁÁÁ

high

0.95

2.75

= +85°C

−

1.9

−

−24

−

−4.0

2.0

1.0 10

6.0

−30

ÁÁÁ

1.0

5.0 44

VCC −0.7

760

ÁÁÁ

1.38

ÁÁÁ

177

ÁÁÁ

708

1.2

1.0

3.0

2.85

0.65

ÁÁÁ

0.61

−

2.1

1.05

−

−36

ÁÁ

2.0

−

ÁÁ

−

ÁÁ

−

ÁÁ

−

3.25

−

2.0

ÁÁ

2.0

M

A

mV mV

kHz

V V

s s

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MC33340, MC33342

)

2.10 V

2.00

1.90

1.02

1.00

, OVER/UNDERVOLTAGE THRESHOLDS (V)

0.98

− 50 − 25 0 25 50 75 100 125

, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)

Figure 2. Battery Sense Input Thresholds

versus Temperature

−0.2

−0.4

−0.6

−0.8

−1.0

, TEMPERATURE SELECT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V)

Threshold voltage is measured with respect to VCC.

Time mode is selected if any of the three inputs are above the threshold.

Temperature mode is selected when all three inputs are below the threshold.

−50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125

, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)

VCC = 6.0 V

Figure 4. Temperature Select Threshold Voltage

th(t/T)

versus Temperature

= 6.0 V

8.0

−8.0

, OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY CHANGE (%

−16

OSC

− 50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125

∆

, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)

VCC = 6.0 V

Figure 3. Oscillator Frequency

versus Temperature

3.2 VCC = 6.0 V

= 25°C

2.4

Gate

sen

Pin 2

1.6

Fast/Trickle Pin 3

0.8

, SINK SATURATION VOLTAGE (V)

0 8.0 16 24 32 40

, SINK SATURATION (mA)

sink

Figure 5. Saturation Voltage versus Sink Current

Gate and Fast/Trickle Outputs

sen

3.1

Startup Threshold

3.0

2.9

, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

2.8

2.7

−50

− 25 0 25 50 75 100 125

(VCC Increasing)

Minimum Operating Threshold

(VCC Decreasing)

, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)

Figure 6. Undervoltage Lockout Thresholds

versus Temperature

, SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

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1.0 T

= 25°C

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 4.0 8.0 12 16

, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

Figure 7. Supply Current

versus Supply V oltage

MC33340, MC33342

INTRODUCTION

Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride batteries require precise charge termination control to maximize cell capacity and operating time while preventing overcharging. Overcharging can result in a reduction of battery life as well as physical harm to the end user. Since most portable applications require the batteries to be charged rapidly, a primary and usually a s econdary o r r edundant c harge s ensing technique is employed into the charging system. It is also desirable to disable rapid charging if the battery voltage or temperature is either too high or too low. In order to address these issues, a n e conomical and flexible fast c harge c ontroller was developed.

The MC33340/342 contains many of the building blocks and protection features that are employed in modern high performance battery charger controllers that are specifically designed for Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride batteries. The device is designed to interface with either primary or secondary side regulators for easy implementation of a c omplete c har ging s ystem. A r epresentative b lock d iagram in a typical charging application is shown in Figure 8.

The battery voltage is monitored by the V

input that

sen

internally connects to a voltage to frequency converter and

Regulator

counter for detection o f a n egative s lope in b attery v oltage. A timer with three programming inputs is available to provide backup charge t ermination. A lternatively, these inputs can b e used to monitor the battery pack temperature and to set the over and undertemperature limits also for backup charge termination.

Two active low open collector outputs are provided to interface this controller with the external charging circuit. The first output furnishes a gating pulse that momentarily interrupts the char ge c urrent. T his a llows a n a ccurate m ethod of sampling the battery voltage by eliminating voltage drops that are associated with high charge currents and wiring resistances. Also, any noise voltages generated by the charging circuitry are eliminated. The second output is designed to switch the charging source between fast and trickle modes based upon the results of voltage, time, or temperature. These outputs normally connect directly to a linear or switching regulator control circuit in non−isolated primary or secondary side applications. Both outputs can be used to drive optoisolators in primary side applications that require galvanic isolation. Figure 9 shows the typical charge characteristics for NiCd and NiMh batteries.

Input

Charge

Status

Reg Control

MC33340 or MC33342

Undervoltage

Over

Under

Lockout

t/T

Time/ Temp Select

sen

Gate

Fast/

Trickle

2.0 V

1.0 V

R2  R1

Internal Bias

Voltage to

Frequency

Converter

Battery Detect

Batt



–1

sen

Ck F/V R

High

Low

−V Detect Counter

Timer

sen

Gate

F/T

Gnd



Figure 8. Typical Battery Charging Application

Over Temp Latch

Temp

Detect

0.7 V

2.9 V

30 A

t1/T

t2/T

t3/T

ref

sen

ref

Battery

High

Low

Pack

SW1

SW3

SW2

NTC

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