Omega Products OMB-WAVEBOOK Installation Manual

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User’s Guide

OMB-WAVEBOOK

High-Speed Portable Data Acquisition Systems

Various Models, Software, and System Expansion

OMB-481-0901 rev 4.0

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About This Manual

This user’s manual consists of several chapters and “document modules.” The modules are like chapters,
except they may be shared by other manuals, or may be used as stand-alone documents. For these reasons,
the modules do not contain chapter headings, nor do they contain footers that would be consistent with a
particular user’s manual.

The chapters and document modules are arranged in the following sequence.

Chapter 1 – Unpacking and Inspecting Your WaveBook Package
Chapter 2 – An Introduction to WaveBook and Optional WBKs
Chapter 3 – System Setup and Power Options
Chapter 4 – WaveBook Operation Reference
WBK Document Modules

WBK10, WBK10H, and WBK10A Expansion Modules
WBK11 Simultaneous Sample and Hold Card
WBK12, WBK12A, WBK13, and WBK13A Programmable Filter Cards
WBK14 Dynamic Signal Conditioning Module
WBK15 8-Slot 5B Signal Conditioning Module
WBK16 Strain Gage Module
WBK17 Counter-Input Module with Quadrature Encoder Support
WBK20A – PCMCIA/EPP Interface Card
WBKK21 - ISA/EPP Interface Plug-in Board
WBK30 WaveBook Memory Option
WBK61, WBK62 High Voltage Adapters

Chapter 5 – Software, An Introduction
Software Document Modules

WaveView
PostView
WaveCal

Chapter 6 – Troubleshooting and Customer Support
Glossary

&$87,21

Using this equipment in ways other than described in this manual can cause personal injury or
equipment damage. Pay special attention to all cautions and warnings.

Reference Note:

Information (not available at the time of publication), will be made available in ReadMe files, or in
supplemental documentation.

WaveBook User’ s Manual

06-22-01

i

ii

06-21-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 – Unpacking and Inspecting Your WaveBook Package

Chapter 2 – An Introduction to WaveBook and Optional WBKs

What are WaveBooks? …… 2-1
How do the different WaveBook models compare with each other?…… 2-2
What are WBKs?…… 2-3
How do WaveBooks and WBKs interrelate? …… 2-5
How are WaveBook systems powered?…… 2-6
WaveBook Specifications …… 2-7

Chapter 3 – System Setup and Power Options

Introduction …… 3-1
Connecting a WaveBook to a PC …… 3-1

PC Requirements…… 3-1
Connecting the Communication Cable…… 3-2

System Enhancement and Expansion …… 3-2

Adding WBK Option Cards …… 3-2
Adding WBK Modules…… 3-4

Module Options……3-4
Connectors and Cables ……3-5
Example of a WaveBook System Daisy-Chain …… 3-7
How Channel Numbers are Determined ……3-7
Stacking Modules …… 3-8
Connecting Encoders to WB K 17…… 3-8

Connecting the System to Power ……3-9

Calculating the System Power Requirement…… 3-9
Three System Examples …… 3-11
Power Supplies …… 3-13

Installing Software……3-21
Using the Daq Configuration Applet to Check Connections…… 3-21

Chapter 4 – WaveBook Operation Reference

WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H, Basic Operation …… 4-2
WaveBook/516, Basic Operation …… 4-4
Analog-Signal & Ground Conections…… 4-6
Digital I/O Connections…… 4-7

WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H …… 4-7
WaveBook/516 Series …… 4-8

Triggers …… 4-9

Digital Trigger and Single-Channel Trigger ……4-9
Multi-Channel Trigger …… 4-10
Trigger Latency and Jitter …… 4-13
Pulse Trigger (WaveBook/516 Series Only) …… 4-14
Digital-Pattern Trigger (WaveBook/516 Series Only) …… 4-15
External Clock and Counter-Timer (WaveBook/516 Series Only) …… 4-15

Programmable Features …… 4-16

Selecting a Channel’s Range …… 4-17
Selecting a Channels Units …… 4-17
mx + b, an Example …… 4-17

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-21-01

iii

WBK Document Modules

WBK10, WBK10H, and WBK10A Expansion Modules
WBK11 Simultaneous Sample and Hold Card
WBK12, WBK12A, WBK13, and WBK13A Programmable Filter Cards
WBK14 Dynamic Signal Conditioning Module
WBK15 8-Slot 5B Signal Conditioning Module
WBK16 Strain Gage Module
WBK17 Counter-Input Module with Quadrature Encoder Support
WBK20 and WBK21, PC Int erface Cards
WBK30 WaveBook Memory Option
WBK61, WBK62 High Voltage Adapters

Chapter 5 – Software, An Introduction

Software Document Modules

WaveView
PostView
WaveCal

Chapter 6 – Troubleshooting and Customer Support

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Handling Notice…… 6-1
Product Care …… 6-1
ReadMe Files and the Install CD-ROM ……6-2
Driver Support……6-2
Connection Problems……6-2

32-Bit WaveView Issues……6-3
Windows 95/98/Me Issues……6-3

Resource Settings……6-3
ECP (Enhanced Capabilities Port) Setup ……6-3
Parallel Port Setup (general)…… 6-4

Frequently Asked Questions …… 6-7
Customer Support …… 6-11

Glossary

iv

06-21-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Unpacking and Inspecting your WaveBook Package 1

WaveBook, Basic Package

The basic WaveBook package consists of items depicted in the above figure. For reason of clarity,
packaging materials are not shown.

Your order was carefully inspected prior to shipment. When you receive your order, carefully unpack all
items from the shipping carton and check for physical signs of damage that may have occurred during
shipment. Promptly report any damage to the shipping agent and the factory. Retain all shipping materials
in case the unit needs returned.

If you ordered any accessories, for example, expansion cards or modules, check the package to ensure the
additional items are included.

Report any problems to your sales agent.

WaveBook User’ s Manual

05-15-01

Unpacking 1-1

1-2 Unpacking

05-15-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

An Introduction to WaveBook and Optional WBKs 2

What are WaveBooks? …… 2-1
How do the different WaveBook models compare with each other?…… 2-2
What are WBKs?…… 2-3
How do WaveBooks and WBKs interrelate? …… 2-5
How are WaveBook systems powered?…… 2-6
WaveBook Specifications …… 2-7

What are WaveBooks?

WaveBooks are high-speed portable data acquisition devices that can be used in a variety of applications,
such as testing engine strain, multi-channel acoustics, mechanical integrity, and vibration/shock/strain.
WaveBook features include:

•

Power Options: Power can be supplied from an AC-to-DC adapter, battery, DBK30A rechargeable

battery module, DBK34 or DBK34A uninterruptible power supply modules.

•

Easy Connection to Notebook or Desktop PCs.

•

Analog Input Channels: BNC connectors keep input signals isolated from the chassis and commons.

•

High-Speed Digital Inputs: 8 high-speed digital inputs (16 for WaveBook/516).

•

Digital Signal Processing (DSP): Allows you to define a channel scan-sequence and associated gains

across all channels. Also provides for real-time digital calibration on a per-sample basis.

•

Programmable Scan Sequencing: A 128-location scan sequencer allows you to program the analog

channel scan sequence, the associated unipolar/bipolar A/D range, and the input amplifier gain.
WaveBook performs 1 MHz scanning and gain switching over both its built-in and expansion channels.

•

Single, or Multi-Channel Triggering

•

Pre- and Post-Trigger Readings

In addition to the features just listed, the following apply to WaveBook/516:

•

Digital-Pattern Trigger: Trigger occurs when a Digital I/O pattern is equal too, not-equal too, greater

than, or less than a user-defined 16-bit digital pattern. This is useful when trying to capture noise,
vibrations or some other physical disturbance that occurs at a particular point in a digitally-sequenced
process, such as a relay-logic-control system. Trigger latency of the digital pattern trigger is less than
200 ns for post-trigger acquisitions.

•

Pulse Trigger: Enables triggering and the correlation of lower-speed waveforms with the occurrence of

a user-defined, high-speed pulse.

•

20 kHz Low Pass Filter: Each of the eight channels has its own low pass, anti-alias filter.

•

External Clock Input: The external clock is useful when data collection depends on rotational speed

or axial position. Note that the external clock’s input can be reset to a slower rate.

WaveBook User’ s Manual

05-22-01

An Introduction to WaveBook 2-1

How do the different WaveBook models compare with each other?

The WaveBook series presently includes three main unit models: WaveBook/512, WaveBook/512H, and
WaveBook/516. Each provides 1 MHz sampling and supports the WBK options described shortly.

WaveBook Product Comparison*

Analog Input WaveBook/512 WaveBook/512H WaveBook/516

A/D resolution
A/D speed
Sample rate
Ranges

Unipolar (

Note 2)

12-bit 12-bit 16-bit

1 MHz 1 MHz 1 MHz

1 µs/channel 1 µs/channel 1 µs/channel

0 to +10V, 0 to +5V,

0 to +2V, 0 to +1V

0 to +10V, 0 to +4V,

0 to +2V

(Note 2)

0 to +10V, 0 to +4V,

0 to +2V

(Note 2)

Bipolar
A/D accuracy

Data packing
20-kHz low-pass filter
Analog input channels
Differential amplifiers
PGAs
Maximum capacity
FIFO depth
Total Harmonic Distortion

10Hz to 20Khz, Typical

Signal to Noise and Distortion

(SINAD)

1

1

±5V, ±2.5V, ±1V, ±0.5V

±

0.025% FS

44

optional Optional

8 DE 8 DE 8 DE
1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 8 (1 per analog input)
1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 1 (shared by all 8 inputs)

72 Channels 72 Channels 72 Channels

64K samples 64K samples 64K samples

-78dB -78dB -84dB

-66dB -66dB -74dB

±

10V, ±5V, ±2V, ±1V

±

0.025% FS

±10V, ±5V, ±2V, ±1V

±

0.012% FS

For 12-bit resolution only

High-Speed Digital Inputs

Digital I/O

8816

Timer Input

32-Bit Timer

None None

Trigger

Single and multi-channel
Digital Pattern
Pulse

1

For WaveBook512, t he Total Harmonic Distort i on (THD) and S INAD values shown apply to the –5 to +5 V range.

For WaveBook512H and /516, the THD and SINAD values apply to the –10 to +10 V range.

2

Unipolar ranges do not apply to WaveBook/512H or WaveBook/516 when a WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 is install ed.

*

Specifications subject to change without notice.

444

None None
None None

4

4

4
4

2-2 An Introduction to WaveBook

05-22-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

What are WBKs?

You can use various modules and option cards to expand your WaveBook system. These WaveBook options are known
as WBKs.

Internally, WaveBook has room for one signal-conditioning card. Externally, you can use one or more expansion
modules.

Reference Note:

The WBK option cards and modules that follow are detailed later in this user’s manual. The information is
provided in WBK document modules that begin immediately after chapter 4. The WBK document modules
are presented in alpha-numerical order and include product specifications.

WBK Options -

Each of the following options are detailed in product-dedicated document modules.

Note that the items represented in the table are not shown to the same scale.

WBK10, WBK10H, and WBK10A

Analog Expansion Modules

8 Channels via BNC Connectors

WBK11 and WBK11A

Simultaneous Sample & Hold Card (8 channels)

WBK12 and WBK12A

Programmable Low-Pass Fil t er Card
(8 channels)

WBK13 and WBK13A

Programmable Low-Pass Fil t er Card with SSH
(8 channels)

WBK14

Dynamic Signal Conditioning Module

8 Channels via BNC Connectors

Each WBK 10 series module can be used to provi de WaveBook with
8 additional differential-analog-inputs. The modules are equipped
with a programmable gain instrumentation amplifi er (P GA) and, like
the WaveBook, each has a built-in expansion bus.

Up to eight WBK 10 series modules can be cascaded together for a
system capacity of 72 differential channels . Each module is capable
of supporting a WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 series option card.

The WBK11series cards can simult aneously sample 8 channels and
can be installed inside a WaveBook or in a WBK10 series modul e.
The cards allow for concurrent (<150 ns) capture of multiple input
channels and virtually elim i nate channel-to-channel tim e skewing.

WBK12, WBK12A, WBK13, and W BK13A are 8-channel
programmable low-pass fil t er cards for use with WaveBook data
acquisition systems. These cards install directly into a WaveBook or
WBK10 series module and provide programmabl e l ow-pass filtering
over all channels. Multiple WBK12 series and WBK13 series c ards
can be installed in one syst em for up to 72 channels. All of the cards’
low-pass filters and cutof f frequencies are configured via s oftware.

WBK13 and WBK13A cards have the additional capability of
sampling all channels at the same time.

The WBK14 is a dynamic analog signal input module. It enables
WaveBooks t o i nterface with piezoelectric t ransducers that include
accelerometers, microphones, and force/pressure transducers.
Each WBK14 channel has a:

•

current source for transduc er bi asing

•

high-pass filter

•

programmable gain ampli fier

•

anti-aliasing low-pass filt er

•

simultaneous sample-and-hold (SSH) amplifi ers

WBK15

8-Slot 5B Signal Conditioning Module

8 channels via 5B Modules

WaveBook User’s Manual

The WBK15 m odul e provi des for a diverse range of signals avail abl e
through optional 5B modules. Meas urement types include: LVDT,
potentiometer, isolated current loop, ±10mV to ±40V inputs, li neari zed
RTD, thermocouple, frequency-to-voltage, and strain gage.

See latest catalog or c ont act your sales representati ve in regard to the
types of 5B Modules av ai l abl e for your application.

05-22-01

An Introduction to WaveBook 2-3

WBK16

Strain-Gage Module

8 channels via Standard Female DB9

WBK17

Used with WaveBook/516 Only

Counter-Input Module with Quadrature Encoder
Support

8 channels via Removable Screw Terminal B l ocks

WBK20A

WBK21

WBK30

WaveBook Memory Options

WBK16 is an 8-channel strain-gage signal-condit i oni ng module. Up
to eight WBK 16 modules (64 channels) can be accommodated by
the WaveBook and s canned at 1 µs/channel. Alm ost all bridge
configurations are supported via a bri dge-completion network and
software. High-gain differential-amplifier applications are also
supported. Software controls bri dge configuration, gain, offs et,
excitation voltage, polarity, f i l tering, and the calibration process.

The WBK17 is an 8-channel multi-function counter/encoder module
for use with Wavebook/ 516 systems. Eac h of the high-speed, 32-bit
counter channels can be confi gured for counter, period, pulse width,
time between edges, or encoder m odes. All channels are capable of
measuring analog inputs that are digitized by the W avebook/516.

WBK20A – PCMCIA/EPP Interface Card

(for linking W aveBook to a Notebook PC)

WBK21

– ISA/EPP Interface Plug-in Board
(For linking WaveBook to a desktop PC)

These devices are shipped with separate doc umentation and are not

detailed in this manual ; they are, however, discussed brief l y i n the

WBK20A and WBK21 Doc ument M odul es

WBK30 is a DRAM-based memory board that ins talls inside a

WaveBook. There are t hree models of WBK30 available; each

significantly increases the capacity of WaveBook's st andard data

buffer of 64 K samples. Capacities are as foll ows:

WBK30/16— 16 MB
WBK30/64— 64 MB
WBK30/128— 128 MB

.

WBK61 and WBK62

WBK61

: High-Voltage Adapter with 200:1 Voltage

Divider (1 channel)

WBK62

: High-Voltage Adapter with 20:1 Voltage

Divider (1 channel)

WBK61 and WBK62 are single-channel high-vol tage adapters that
can be used with the WaveB ook or WBK10/10H/10A expansion
modules. In addition, WBK61 and WBK62 can be used in conjunction
with WBK11, WBK12, and WBK13 series cards.

WBK61 and WBK62 include safet y-style banana-jacks for the high
and low inputs, and 60-inch (152 cm) c abl es with probe tips and
alligator clips for eas y i nput connection.

2-4 An Introduction to WaveBook

05-22-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

How do WaveBooks and WBKs interrelate?

WaveBooks and WBKs interrelate when they become part of the same data-acquisition system. The
relationship can be broken down into enhancement, expansion, or both. The following illustrates the
relationship of various system components. Detailed information and product specifications are provided in
WBK document modules that are included as a part of this manual.

WaveBook System Components

WaveBook User’s Manual

05-22-01

Note

: WBK17 is for use with

WaveBook/516 only.

An Introduction to WaveBook 2-5

How are WaveBook systems powered?

Input voltage to the WaveBook and to the system modules (WBK10 series, WBK14, WBK15, WBK16,
and WBK17) must be in the range of 10 to 30 VDC and can come from an appropriate AC-to-DC adapter,
or from a battery.

Available AC-to-DC adapters include the TR-40U (supplied), which has an input of 90-264 VAC and a
output rating of 2.2 amps @ 15 VDC.

Battery options include the DBK30A, DBK34A, or other 10 to 30 VDC source such as a car battery. The
DBK30A provides 14 VDC and when fully-charged has a storage capacity of 3.4 A⋅hr; car batteries have
much higher capacities. The basic formula for battery life is:

Runtime (hr) = Battery capacity (A⋅hr) / Current load (A)

System cards (WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 series) get power from their WaveBook or WBK10/10H/10A
expansion module.

Before connecting your system to power, you need to know the power requirements of your specific system.
A calculation method, that incorporates the use of worktables, is presented in Chapter 3.

Reference Notes:

•

Chapter 3, System Setup and Power Options, includes examples of power connections for

different WaveBook system scenarios. In these examples the included TR-40U power
adapters are used.

•

Chapter 4, WaveBook Operation Reference, includes discussion of power supplies other

than the TR-40U.

2-6 An Introduction to WaveBook

05-22-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

WaveBook Specifications – Product Comparison

WaveBook Product Comparison

Features WaveBook/512 WaveBook/512H WaveBook/516*
Analog Input
A/D resolution

A/D speed
Sample rate
Ranges

Unipolar

12-bit 12-bit 16-bit

1 MHz 1 MHz 1 MHz

1 µs/channel 1 µs/channel 1 µs/channel

0 to +10V, 0 to +5V,

0 to +10V, 0 to +4V,

0 to +2V, 0 to +1V

0 to +2V

0 to +10V, 0 to +4V,

0 to +2V

Bipolar
A/D accuracy

Data packing
20-kHz low-pass filter
Analog input channels
Differential amplifiers
PGAs
Maximum capacity
FIFO depth
Total Harmonic Distortion

10Hz to 20Khz, Typical

Signal to Noise and

Distortion (SINAD)

1

±5V, ±2.5V, ±1V, ±0.5V

±

0.025% FS

44

optional optional

8 DE 8 DE 8 DE
1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 8 (1 per analog input)
1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 1 (shared by all 8 inputs) 8 (1 per analog input)

72 Channels 72 Channels 72 Channels
64K samples 64K samples 64K samples

1

-78dB -78dB -84dB

-66dB -66dB -74dB

±

10V, ±5V, ±2V, ±1V

±

0.025% FS

±10V, ±5V, ±2V, ±1V

±

0.012% FS

For 12-bit resolution only

High-Speed Digital Inputs
Digital I/O

8816

Counter Input
32-Bit Counter

None None

Trigger
Single and multi-channel
Digital Pattern
Pulse Trigger

1

For WaveBook512, t he Total Harmonic Distort i on (THD) and S INAD values shown apply to the –5 to +5 V range.

444

None None
None None

For WaveBook512H and /516, the THD and SINAD values apply to the –10 to +10 V range.

4

4

4
4

Note: Specifications are subject to change without notice.

WaveBook User’s Manual

05-22-01

An Introduction to WaveBook 2-7

WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H – Specifications*

WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H Specifications*

General
Power Consumption
Input Power Range
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Humidity
Dimensions

Weight
Fuse

Analog Inputs
Channels
Connector
Resolution
Maximum Overvoltage
Input Current
Input Impedance

Accuracy

Offset

Triggering
Single-Channel Analog Trigger

: 0 to 95% RH, non-condensing

(8.5" × 11" × 1.375”)

Single-ended:
Differential:

Range
Latency

: 216 mm wide × 279 mm l ong × 35 mm high

: 1.5 kg (3.3 lb)

: user-replaceable 4-A Littel f use # 251004

: 8 differential, expandable up to 72 diff erential

: BNC

: 12 bit

: ±0.025% FS

: ±1 LSB max

: -5 to +10 VDC

: 300 ns

: 0.9A max @ 15 VDC

: 10 to 30 VDC

: 0 to 50°C

: 0 to 70°C

: ±30 VDC

: 50 nA typ, 500 nA max

:

5 MΩ in parallel with 30 pF

10 MΩ in parallel with 30 pF

:

Multi-Channel Analog Trigger (up to 72 channels)

TTL Trigge r

Software Trigger
Latency

Sequencer

Programmable for channel , gain & for unipolar/bipolar range

Depth
Channel to Channel Rate
Maximum Repeat Rate
Minimum Repeat Rate
Expansion Channel Sample Rate

High-Speed Digital Inputs / General-Purpose Outputs
I/O Lines
Connector
Sampling
Input Low Voltage
Input High Voltage
Input Low Current
Input High Current:

: Selectable per channel to i nput range

Range

: 2 µs/channel, plus 4µs (max)

Latency

Range
Latency

in random order

channels, 1 µs/ channel

:

: TTL-compatible

: 200 ns

:

: 100 µs typ

: 128 location

: 8, WaveBook /512

: DB25 female

: Sampled with analog data

:

: 1 µs/channel, fixed

: 1 MHz

: 100 seconds per scan

: Same as onboard

: 0.8 V max

: 2 V min

: 500 µA

300 µA

WaveBook/516 specifications are presented separately, in a new format beginning on the following page

*

Note:

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

.

2-8 An Introduction to WaveBook

05-22-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Wavebook/516 and WBK10A Specifications

Analog Specifications

(Either WaveBook/516 stand alone or WBK10A with WaveBook/516):

Channels:
Input Connector:

8 differential, expandable up to 72 different i al

BNC, center conductor is Channel Hi, outer conductor is Channel Low

Input Voltage Ranges (DC Specifications):

Standard Unit With WBK11A

Voltage

Range

0 to +10V .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2.2 2.2
0 to +5V (10A)

0 to +4V (516)
0 to +2V .012% .012% 3 .012% .012% 3 .012% .012% 2.2 3

0 to +1V
(10A only)
0 to +.5V .018% .033% 6 .018% .033% 2.2 6

0 to +.2V .018% .08% 8 .018% .08% 2.2 12
0 to +.1V .018% .16% 15 .018% .16% 2.2 20

-10 to +10V .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2.2 2.2

-5 to +5V .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2.2 2.2

-2 to +2V .012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2.2 3

-1 to +1V .018% .012% 3 .018% .012% 3 .018% .012% 2.2 3.3

-.5 to +.5V
(10A only)

-.2 to +.2V .018% .033% 8 .018% .033% 2.2 12

-.1 to +.1V .018% .08% 15 .018% .08% 2.2 20

-.05 to +.05V
(10A only)
Notes: 1. Specifications assume differential input scan, unf i l tered.

2. Accuracy specif i cation is exclusive of noise.

3. Unipolar ranges unavailable for 516 with WBK11A, 12A, or 13A opt i ons installed. Available with WBK10A and any option.

Accuracy

One Year, 18-28

±

reading

.012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2.2 2.2

.012% .018% 3 .012% .018% 3 .012% .018% 2.2 3

.018% .018% 5 .018% .018% 6 .018% .018% 2.2 6

(Note 2)

%

±

range

°C

%

Input Noise

LSB rms

DC-500KHz

(typical)

Accuracy

One Year, 18-28

±

reading

.018% .16% 26 .018% .16% 440

(Note 2)

%

±

range

(Note 3)

Input Noise

LSB rms

DC-500KHz

°C

%

(typical)

With WBK12A/13A

Accuracy

One Year, 18-28

±

reading

(Note 2)

%

±

range

°C

1KHz

%

Filter

(Note 3)

Input Noise

LSB rms

(typical)

Filter

Bypass

System Performance:

Differential Nonlinearity:
Total Harmonic Distortion (10Hz-20KHz):
Signal to Noise and Distortion (SINAD, 10Hz-20KHz):
Temperature Coefficient of Accuracy (0-18 and 28-50°C):

Input Resistance:
Bias Current:

Common Mode Rejection:
Input Bandwidth:

Hostile Channel-to-channel Crosstalk (5Vrms input signal , DC-100KHz):
Over-Voltage Protection:

one year, 18-28°C unless otherwise noted

With PGA and WBK11A:
With WBK12A/13A:

5MΩ (single ended); 10MΩ (differential), in parallel with 30pF

<400 nA (0 to 35°C)

DC to 500KHz

Note: Specifications are subject to change without notice.

WaveBook User’s Manual

±2 LSB max

-84dB typical

-74dB typical

± (.002% + 0.6 LSB)/°C typical, -10 to +10V range

± (.002% + 1 LSB)/°C typical, -10 to +10V range

>70dB minimum ; >80dB typical; DC-20KHz

±35 V relative to analog common

05-22-01

-88dB typical

An Introduction to WaveBook 2-9

PGA Filter

WBK11A Functions

WBK12A/13A Functions

Triggering

Filter Type:

Input Voltage Ranges:
Aperture Uncertainty (SSH):
Voltage Droop (SSH):

Input Voltage Ranges:
Low Pass Filter Type:
Anti-Aliasing Filters:
Low-Pass Filter Frequency Cutoff Range:
Filter Grouping:
Aperture Uncertainty (SSH):
Voltage Droop (SSH):

Channel 1 Analog Trigger

Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics and Protection:
Latency:

Multi-Channel Analog Trigger (up to 72 channels):

Range:
Latency:

20KHz low pass, Butterworth, 5-pole fi l ter

Software programmable prior to a s can sequence

75ps max

0.01mV/ms typ

Software programmable prior to a s can sequence

Software selectable, 8-Pole elliptic or linear phase

Single-pole pre and post filters, automatically s et depending on filter frequency selec ted

4 Channels each in two programmable bank s

75ps max

0.01mV/ms typ

-10 to +10V
Same as channel inputs

300ns

Selectable per channel to input range

2us/channel, plus 4us maximum

100KHz, 75KHz, 60KHz…400Hz, bypass (fc=300KHz/N where N=3 to 750

TTL Trigge r:

Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics:
Input Protection:
Latency:

Software Trigger

Latency:

Pulse Trigger

Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics:
Input Protection:
Minimum Pulse Width:
Latency:

External Clock

Connector:
Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics:
Input Protection:
Delay: 200ns
Signal Slew Rate Requirement:
Rate:
Divisor ratio:
Clock Counter Accuracy:
Clock Counter Range:

0-5V

TTL-compatible with 10K ohm pul l -up res i stor

Zener clamped –0.7 to +5V

300ns

100us typical

0-5V

75 ohms

±

10V maximum

100ns

300ns

Available on DB25 digital input

5V TTL compatible

50K ohms pull up (to +5V) in parall el with 50pF

Zener clamped –0.7 to +5V

Up to 1MHz

Divide by 1 through 255, selectable

<0.02% error

0.01Hz to 100KHz

20V/us minim um

2-10 An Introduction to WaveBook

05-22-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Sequencer

Operation:
Depth:
Channel-to-Channel Rate:
Maximum Repeat Rate:
Minimum Repeat Rate:
Expansion Channel Sample Rate:

Programmable for channel , gai n, and for unipolar/bipolar range in random order

128 location

1.0-1.1us/channel, all channels equal

1MHz

100 seconds per scan

Same as on-board channels

High-Speed Digital Inputs/General-Purpose Outputs

Connector:
Configuration:

Input Characteristics:
Output Characteristics:
Output Updates:
Input/Output Protection:

DB25 Female

16 TTL-compatible pins, selectable for input or output

TTL-compatible

ALS TTL output in series with 33 ohm s

Outputs may be changed via program control

Diode clamped to ground and +5V

General Specifications

Warm-up:
Environment:

Power Consumption:
Input Power Range:
Vibration:
Dimensions:
Weight:

30 minutes to rated specifications

Operating:
Storage:

MIL Std 810E, Category 1 and 10

220 deep X 285 wide X 45 mm high (8.5 X 11 X 1.75 inches)

1.5kg (3.3 lbs)

0-50°C, 0-95% RH (non-condensing)

-20 to 70°C

1.4A max @ 15VDC (WBK10A or 516 with WBK13A i nstalled)

10-30VDC

Included Accessories and Software

Software:

Hardware:

WaveView
PostView
DOS and Windows Drivers
WaveCal

AC Adapter
Parallel Cable
Users Manual

Optional Accessories

Software:

Hardware:

DasyLab
LabView Driver

HA-111 Fastener-Panel Handle
CA-115 5-pin male DIN to 5-pin male DIN
CA-116 5-pin DIN to automobile cigarett e l i ghter power cable, 8 ft
CA-178 DB25 to external cloc k BNC
CA-150-1 Single Male BNC to Male BNC CE Compliant cable
CA-150-8 Eight Male BNC to Mal e B NC CE Compliant cables

WaveBook User’s Manual

05-22-01

An Introduction to WaveBook 2-11

2-12 An Introduction to WaveBook

05-22-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

System Setup and Power Options 3

A
C

Introduction …… 3-1
Connecting a WaveBook to a PC …… 3-1

PC Requirements…… 3-1
Connecting the Communication Cable…… 3-2

System Enhancement and Expansion …… 3-2

Adding WBK Option Cards …… 3-2
Adding WBK Modules…… 3-4

Module Options……3-4
Connectors and Cables ……3-5
Example of a WaveBook System Daisy-Chain …… 3-7
How Channel Numbers are Determined ……3-7
Stacking Modules …… 3-8
Connecting Encoders to WB K 17…… 3-8

Connecting the System to Power ……3-9

Calculating the System Power Requirement…… 3-9
Three System Examples …… 3-11
Power Supplies …… 3-13

Installing Software……3-21
Using the Daq Configuration Applet to Check Connections…… 3-21

An incorrect use of power can damage equipment or degrade performance. Prior to
connecting your devices to power, calculate your system’s power requirements.

Introduction

This chapter pertains to setting up a WaveBook system. Topics include how to: connect a WaveBook to a
PC, add option cards and modules, properly power a system, install software, and check connections with
the Daq Configuration Applet. As stated in the above Caution, you will need to calculate system power
requirements prior to powering the system.

Connecting a WaveBook to a PC

PC Requirements

Notebook PCs are typically used to communicate with WaveBook
acquisition hardware. However, desktop PCs can be used.

Regardless of your PC preference, the following requirements apply:

•

16MB Ram (32MB Ram recommended)

•

Pentium

•

10 MB of Available Disk Space

•

Windows Operating System

(Windows95/98/Me, or WindowsNT/2000)

•

Optional, but recommended:

EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port), or
ECP (Extended Capabilities Port)

®

90 Processor (or eq uivalent)

&$87,21

Notebook PC is Typically Used to
ommunicate with WaveBook

WaveBook User’ s Manual

05-15-01

System Setup and Power Options 3-1

Connecting the Communication Cable

WaveBook communicates with a notebook or desktop PC through the computer’s parallel po rt. Use of an
Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) or an Extended Capabilities P ort (ECP) is recommended.

Two card options are available for use with PCs that do not have Enhanced Parallel Ports. These are:

•

WBK20A PCMCIA/EPP interface-card, to be used in conjunction with
a notebook’s PC-Card port.

•

WBK21 ISA/EPP interface-card, for use with a desktop PC.

Both options are discussed in the WBK20A and WBK21 Document Module (included as a part of this
manual) and are shipped with additional documentation.

The CA-35-2 communication cable co nnects to the host PC through a 25-pin connector, l ocated on
WaveBook’s rear panel. The WaveBook connector is labeled “TO COMPUTER.”

Connecting the Communication Cable (CA-35-2)

Reference Note:

For information regarding the optional WBK20A PCMCIA/EPP interface-card, or the
WBK21 ISA/EPP interface-card, refer to the documentation that is shipped with those
products. WBK20A connects to the notebook’s PC-Card port. WBK21 connects to a
desktop PC’s ISA slot. Both options are discussed briefly in the WBK20A and WBK21
Document Module.

System Enhancement and Expansion

Adding WBK Option Cards

This section pertains to adding a WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 Series card to a WaveBook/512 or to a
WBK10, or WBK10H expansion module.

Important Notice Regarding the WaveBook/516 and the WBK10A

Cards for WaveBook/516 and WBK10A are installed at the factory per customer order.
Users are not to remove or install cards for these two products as the applicable cards are
not “plug-and-play” for these devices and erroneous signal values could result. If you
desire to remove or add a card to these products, contact your service representative.

WBK11, WBK11A

Simultaneous Sample & Hold Cards (8 channels each)

:

WBK12, WBK12A, WBK13, and WBK13A

WBK12, WBK12A: Programmable Low-Pass Filter Cards (8 c hannel s each)
WBK13, WBK13A: Programmable Low-Pass Filter Card with SSH (8 c hannel s each)

All WBK11, WBK12,WBK13, and WBK11A, WBK12A, and WBK13A configurations are controlled by
software. There are no hardware settings.

3-2 System Setup and Power Options

05-15-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

The WBK Card connects to headers J10 and J11 in the base unit. The base unit can be a WaveBook/512,
WaveBook/512H, WBK10 or WBK10H. The jumpers located on J10 and J11 provide signal pass-through
when a WBK option card is not installed. Refer to the following figure and steps to install an option card
into a WaveBook/512, WBK10, or WBK10H module.

Although the figure represents installation of a WBK11 into a WaveBook/512, the method
used to install other WBK options into a WaveBook, WBK10, or WBK10H is the same.

Installing a WBK Option Card

:$51,1*

Electric shock hazard! Remove the WaveBook, and all devices connected to it, from
power before removing the cover plate. Failure to do so could result in electric shock
and possible death.

1. Remove all power from the unit and any connected devices.

2. For WaveBook/512 series, WBK10, or WBK10H, remove the screw holding down the top panel

(cover), and slide the panel out towards the back (see following figure).

For WaveBook/516 and WBK10A, contact the factory in regard to adding or replacing option
cards.

3. Remove the stand-off screws, then remove old WBK card from J10 and J11.

If no card was present, skip to step 4.

4. Locate the headers J10 & J11 on the main board, and remove the jumpers (if present).

Save the jumpers in the event the SSH board needs to be removed.

5. Align the WBK card headers (P11 & P10) with the host board headers (J11 & J10), respectively.

6. Verify alignment of the board. An easy way is to check that the board’s screw holes are in line with the

standoffs.

7. Carefully push the WBK option card do wn until the connectors fully mate.

8. Using three screws, secure the WBK card to the standoffs. Do not over-tighten.

9. Slide the top panel onto the unit, and secure it using the top panel screw.

WaveBook User’s Manual

05-15-01

System Setup and Power Options 3-3

Adding WBK Modules

Module Options

Several WBK module options are currently available for use with WaveBook systems. This section is
concerned with “how the modules are connected and powered.” Functions, specs, and software issues are
discussed elsewhere.

Note that each of the following module options offers 8 channels.

WBK10, WBK10H, & WBK10A

Expansion Modules

WBK14

Dynamic Signal Conditioni ng Module

WBK15

8-Slot 5B Signal Conditioning Module

WBK16

Strain-Gage Module

WBK17

Counter-Input Module with Quadrature Encoder Support;
Used with WaveBook/516 only.

Modules Currently Available for WaveBook System Expansion

Connection basics are the same, regardless of whether the WaveBook system has one module or eight
modules. Examples of various setups follow shortly.

Power requirements can vary greatly from one WaveBook system to another, and will need to be calculated
on a system by system basis, before power is applied to the system. This chapter includes instructions for
calculating power requirements.

Before discussing how to calculate power, we will look at the use of connectors and the types of cables
used.

3-4 System Setup and Power Options

05-15-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Connectors and Cables

To attach a module, connections must be made for power, expansion control, and expansion signals. The
following connectors and cables are used.

•

WaveBook POWER IN – connects to a 10 to 30 VDC source.

•

WaveBook POWER OUT – can be connected to the first module’s POWER IN.

•

WaveBook EXPANSION CONTROL – connects to the first module’s
EXPANSION CONTROL IN.

•

WaveBook EXPANSION SIGNAL IN – connects to the first module’s
EXPANSION SIGNAL OUT.

•

WBK POWER IN – connects to a 10 to 30 VDC source. When in a power daisy-chain,
POWER IN connects to the previous WaveBook or WBK module’s POWER OUT.

•

WBK module POWER OUT – can be connected to the next module’s POWER IN, providing the
5 amp current limit will not be exceeded. It may be necessary to use a supplemental power supply.
Power requirements and discussed in the following pages.

•

WBK module EXPANSION CONTROL OUT – connects to the next module’s
EXPANSION CONTROL IN.

•

WBK module EXPANSION SIGNAL IN – connects to the next module’s
EXPANSION SIGNAL OUT.

Prior to connecting your devices to power, calculate your system’s power requirements as
discussed in upcoming section of this chapter. Note that three examples of system setups

follow shortly.

Using Shielded BNC Connectors for CE Compliance

Certain Declarations of Conformity identify specific cables and connectors that must be used to
meet CE requirements. CE compliant BNC-equipped cards and modules have BNC connectors
that are insulated from high voltage sources, including electrostatic discharges (ESD). Such
voltages could enter the circuitry through the exposed conductive surface of a connector,
possibly resulting in damage to components.

O-Ring

S hielded
BNC Connector

Dust Cap

Shielded BNC Connector (with O-Ring) and PVC Dust Cap

To meet CE requi rements, PVC dust cap s (p/n CN-96) must cover all unused BNC connectors.
When dust caps are not in place, special coaxial cables (with insulated end-connectors and
rubber O-rings) must be used. Note that part number 418-0800 includes two cables (with
shielded BNC connectors at each end), and four insulating O-rings.

Properly installed connectors and dust caps ensure the metallic surfaces of the connectors are
not exposed to undesirable electrical charges.

WaveBook User’s Manual

05-15-01

System Setup and Power Options 3-5

CA-115 Power Cables. CA-115 cables are 6 inches long and have two 5-pin male DIN
connectors. CA-115s are frequently used to link WaveBook’s POWER OUT connector to a WBK
expansion module’s POWER IN connector. CA-115 cables are also used to link an expansion
module’s POWER OUT connector to the next daisy-chained module’s POWER IN connector.

CA-115 cables and the device DIN5 connectors (see following figure) are limited to 5 amps
at 15 VDC.

Power is supplied to WaveBook modules via a DIN5

type connector located on the rear panel of the device.

+10 to +30 V 4

+10 to +30 V 1

Return

2

5 No conn ection

3 Retu rn

*The DIN5 pinout [to the left] is based on an external

DIN 5 Power Pinout*

view of a WaveBook rear panel.

Note: An optional CA-116 power cable is available. The CA-116 permits the system to be plugged into

a vehicle cigarette lighter, allowing use of the vehicle’s battery as a power supply for the
WaveBook device.

CA-129 Expansion Control Cables. Control messages are carried by CA-129 expansion-control
cables with HD-15, plug and socket connectors. The first expansion unit’s control input is driven
from the main unit’s control output. Control inputs of additional WBK modules are driven from
the preceding unit’s control output.

CA-150 Expansion Signal Cables. Expansion signals are carried by a CA-150-1 male BNC to
male BNC coaxial cable. Each WBK module drives a common parallel analog bus that carries the
signals to WaveBook’s Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). Each WBK module has
EXPANSION SIGNAL IN and EXPANSION SIGNAL OUT connectors for daisy-chaining
multiple units.

Calculate system amp load prior to creating a system daisy-chain. Although WaveBook
device connectors and CA-115 power cables have 5 amp limits, TR-40Us are limited to

2.2 amps. Tables for determining amp load are provided in the following section,

Calculating System Power.

CA-177 Strain Gage Cablse. CA-177 is an optional set of eight strain-gage cables intended for

use with the eight channels of WBK16. Discussions of the CA-177 strain-gage cable and bridge
applications are contained in the WBK16 document module.

3-6 System Setup and Power Options

05-15-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Example of a WaveBook System Daisy-Chain

How Channel Numbers are Determined

The analog input channel numbers are determined by the order of
connection among the WaveBook and attached WBK modules.

•

Channel 0 is the WaveBook’s 8-bit digital I/O port.

•

Channels 1 through 8 are the WaveBook’s main channels.

•

Channels 9 through 16 are located on the first expansion unit

connected directly to the WaveBook.

•

Additional channel numbers are added consecutively (in groups

of 8) with each added WBK module (see table at right).

* WBK in the “Unit” column refers to a module such as a WBK10,

WBK14, WBK15, WBK16, WBK17.

Unit* Channel #

WaveBook 0 (dig I/O)
WaveBook 1-8

1st WBK 9-16
2nd WBK 17-24
3rd WBK 25-32

4th WBK 33-40
5th WBK 41-48
6th WBK 49-56
7th WBK 57-64
8th WBK 65-72

WaveBook User’s Manual

05-15-01

System Setup and Power Options 3-7

Stacking Modules

Using Splice Plates to Stack a WaveBook and two WBK Modules (the handle is optional)

WBK modules are typically shipped with a splice plate kit. Each kit includes two metal plates that screw
onto the sides of stacked modules. The plates provide a means of stacking modules to create one rigid
assembly. Optional handles can be attached to the splice plates.

Note:

Splice plates will partially block the vents on WBK16s and WaveBook/516s when stacked.
This partial blocking of vents does not jeopardize the cooling process.

Connecting Encoders to WBK17

Encoders can be used in a WaveBook system, providing the system contains at least one WBK17 module.
For information regarding encoders and the necessary connections, refer to the WBK17 Document Module.

3-8 System Setup and Power Options

05-15-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Connecting the System to Power

Calculating the System Power Requirement

An incorrect use of power can damage equipment or degrade performance. Prior to
connecting your devices to power, calculate your system’s power requirements.

Do not daisy-chain the power connections of more than three WBK10 series module
units. Daisy-chaining a power connection to a fourth module will exceed the power
connector’s 5 amp current limit.

It is important to supply your system with adequate, reliable power. For this reason, you need to know your
system’s power requirement. Computing power use is also important when using batteries to power
modules, as you will need to know a safe runtime before recharging is required.

&$87,21

&$87,21

s

The following statements relate to system power. They should be reviewed before
proceeding.

•

Higher voltages draw fewer Amps for the same power.
Remember: Watts = voltage x current (W = E*I).

•

The TR-40U power adapter provides power that is sufficient for the WaveBooks
and WaveBook modules. You do not need to make power requirement calculations
unless you intend daisy-chaining units, or yo u ha ve a critical battery runtime.

•

Do not overload your power supplies. TR-40U power adapters are limited to

2.2 amps. However, you can use more than one TR-40U, as indicated in one of the
upcoming daisy-chain examples.

•

Current drawn from other sources, such as car batteries, can be estimated from the
following WaveBook Product Current Requirements table.

Use the current requirements and worksheet tables to calculate your system’s total power requirement.
Take the appropriate amperage values from the first table to fill in the second table; then perform the
indicated multiplication and addition operations to calculate the amperage for all units in your system.

WaveBook User’s Manual

05-15-01

System Setup and Power Options 3-9

WaveBook Product Current Requirements (in Amps)
Products and
Product Combinations
WaveBook/512 (alone)

WaveBook/512H (alone)
WaveBook/516 (alone)
WBK10 (alone)
WBK10H (alone)
WBK10A (alone)
WBK11, WBK11A
WBK12, WBK12A
WBK13, WBK13A
WBK14 (alone)
WBK15 (alone)
WBK15 (typical)
WBK15 (max)
WBK16 (no excitation)
WBK16 (full excitation)
WBK16/SSH
WBK17 (alone)
WBK17 with 1 encoder
WBK17 with 2 encoders
WBK17 with 3 encoders
WBK17 with 4 encoders
WBK30

Note 1: Typical with 8 voltage modul es.
Note 2: Maximum load with 8 strain-gage modules. You may need to c onsult power specifications for

individual 5B modules and fo r any excit ation currents required.

Note 3: Assumes 0.500 W per encoder.

Product Qty
WaveBook/512/512H
WaveBook/516
WBK10/10H
WBK10A
WBK11
WBK12
WBK13
WBK14
WBK15
WBK16
WBK17

Note 1
Note 2

Note 3
Note 3
Note 3
Note 3

Worksheet for Power Requirements

DBK30A

14 VDC

0.43 0.20 0.52 0.23 0.40

0.40 0.20 0.48 0.23 0.40

1.00 0.50 1.20 0.60 1.00

0.32 0.20 0.38 0.19 0.30

0.33 0.22 0.40 0.26 0.33

0.35 0.17 0.42 0.20 0.35

0.27 0.10 0.32 0.16 0.22

0.47 0.23 0.56 0.27 0.45

0.57 0.28 0.68 0.33 0.50

0.90 0.50 1.08 0.53 0.85

0.13 0.08 0.16 0.09 0.12

0.24 0.13 0.29 0.15 0.23

0.75 0.36 0.90 0.44 0.75

1.08 0.52 1.30 0.61 1.00

1.80 0.87 2.10 1.00 1.67

1.20 .60 1.44 0.70 1.20

0.52 0.31 0.62 0.36 0.52

0.56 0.33 0.67 0.38 0.56

0.61 0.35 0.73 0.41 0.61

0.65 0.38 0.78 0.44 0.65

0.70 0.40 0.84 0.47 0.70

0.01 0.005 0.01 0.006 0.01

×

Amps

× =
× =
× =
× =
× =
× =
× =
× =
× =
× =
× =

DBK30A

28 VDC

Maximum

Amps

DBK34A

12 VDC

=

Totals

DBK34A

24 VDC

TR-40U

15 VDC

It is important to supply your system with adequate, reliable power. For this reason, you need to know your
system’s power requirement. Knowing the power requirement is also important when using batteries to
power modules, as you should know a safe runtime, i.e., how long you can run the system before recharging
is required.

Input voltage to the WaveBook/512, WaveBook/516 and to the system modules (WBK10 series, WBK14,
WBK15, WBK16, and WBK17) must be in the range of 10 to 30 VDC and can come from an AC-to-DC
adapter or from another source, such as a battery. System cards (WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13) get power
from their host WaveBook or WBK10 series expansion module.

Available AC-to-DC adapters include the TR-40U (supplied), which has an input of 90-264 VAC and an
output of 2.2 amps @ 15 VDC.

3-10 System Setup and Power Options

05-15-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Battery options include the DBK30A, DBK34A, and other 10 to 30 VDC sources, such as car batteries. The
DBK30A provides 14 VDC and when fully-charged has a storage capacity of 3.4 A⋅hr; car batteries have
much higher capacities. The basic formula for battery life is:

Runtime (hr) = Battery capacity (A⋅hr) / Current load (A)

Battery life and performance depend on various factors including battery type, condition, charge
level, and ambient temperature. Be sure you consider these factors, especially when runtime is a
critical.

Three System Examples

WaveBook User’s Manual

Reference Note:

Although the preceding three examples make use of one or more TR-40U power adapters,
other power sources can be used. These options are discussed in the following section,

Power Supplies.

05-15-01

System Setup and Power Options 3-11

Reference Note:

Although the preceding three examples make use of one or more TR-40U power adapters,
other power sources can be used. These options are discussed in the following section,

Power Supplies.

Reference Note:

For information regarding encoder connections, refer to the WBK17 Document Module.

3-12 System Setup and Power Options

05-15-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Power Supplies

The power supplies that can be used with WaveBook setups are listed in the following table.

Item Name/Description Capacity

TR-40U

DBK30A

DBK34A

Other

DBK30A - Rechargeable Battery Module

DBK30A contains two rechargeable nickel-cadmium batteries for use with WaveBook, expansion WBK
modules, and transducers. DBK30A shares the same base dimensions as other WaveBook products,
allowing for convenient stacking. Note that stacking can be easily accomplished with the included splice
plates.

AC Power Adapter (shipped with WaveB ooks & WBK Modules) 90-264 VAC input;

Rechargeable Battery/Excitat i on Module (opt i onal ) 12-14 VDC, or 24-28 VDC
UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply)/Bat tery Module (optional) 12 V DC, or 24 VDC
10 to 30 VCD source, such as a vehicle battery. Depends on source

DBK30A Front Panel

WaveBook Product Power Supplies

2.2 A @ 15 VDC

3.4 A-hr @ 14 VDC

5.0 A-hr @ 12 VDC

The power adapter (included) converts AC power to 24 VDC for charging DBK30A’s two battery packs.
Automatic charging circuits recharge the internal batteries quickly and safely. The charged battery runtime
depends on the current load and mode of operation.

An internal slide switch (SW2) determines the unit’s mode. The two modes are:

•

14 VDC Mode (default)

•

28 VDC Mode

You should check the power requirements of each component in your system, and then
verify that the power source can provide sufficient power to meet your runtime
requirements.

Fully charge DBK30A’s batteries before use.

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System Setup and Power Options 3-13

14 VDC Mode (default)

This mode provides 14 VDC for 3.4 A-hr. The typical battery runtime is from 3 to 6 hours depending on the
load. Unless 28 VDC is required, the 14 VDC mode should be used in WaveBook and WBK applications,

28 VDC Mode

The 28 VDC mode actually provides both 14 VDC and 28 VDC. Loop currents for two-wire, 4-20 mA
transmitters (1.7 A-hr) require 28 VDC. The battery run-time ranges from 1 to 6 hours, depending on
system configuration. I n t his mode, 14 VDC i s used for unregulat ed bridge excitation (for bridge­configured sensors, such as load cells), and power to WBK expansion products.

Hardware Setup

Configuration

The only configuration option is the choice of modes (14 VDC, or 28 VDC). If you do not need 28 V, leave
SW2 in the default position.

Internal switch SW2 is located on the printed circuit board, near the front center of the unit. To change or
verify the mode:

Unless you need 28 V, leave the unit in the 14 VDC mode.

Use of the 28 VDC mode results in
a lower runtime, as only one battery pack can be used for 14 VDC. When in the 14 VDC mode,
both packs are used in parallel, resulting in a longer runtime for the same application.

Unless you need 28 V, leave the unit in the 14 VDC mode.

Use of the 28 VDC mode results in
a lower runtime, as only one battery pack can be used for 14 VDC. When in the 14 VDC mode,
both packs are used in parallel, resulting in a longer runtime for the same application.

If you are using a pre-owned DBK30A, or are unsure of the mode selected, use the
following steps to check SW2’s position. Note that new units are always shipped with SW2
selected to the 14 VDC mode.

1. Remove DBK30A’s cover by removing one screw and sliding the cover forward until it separates from
the module.

2. Look near the front center of the circuit board and locate slide switch SW2.

3. Check SW2’s selection. The silkscreen indicates the 14 and 28 VDC positions.

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WaveBook User’s Manual

4. Change the selection, if required. If you do not need 28 V, SW2 should be in the default position
(14 VDC).

5. Replace the top cover, and secure with screw.

Power

Connection. The figure shows the pinout for the POWER OUT DIN5 connector.
The 28 V pin is only active in the 28 VDC mode; however, the 14 V pin is active

+14 V

regardless of the mode selected.

GND

+28 V

The CA-115 cable connects to DBK30A’s POWER OUT connector and

DIN5 Power Out

WaveBook’s POWER IN connector. The cable can be used to daisy-chain a
DBK30A unit to a WBK expansion module.

28 VDC Mode. The primary purpose of the 28 VDC mode is to provide power for external loop
transmitters. The hookup is simple, as shown below.

T/C

WaveBook

2-W ire

+

T/C XMTR

2-W ire

+

Flow XMTR

4-20 mA

4-20 mA

250

250

COM

N

Ω

N

Ω

Connecting Loop Transmitters

Another use of the 28 VDC mode is to provide excitation for bridge-type sensors, such as load cells (strain
gages) and other devices that may be attached to 5B modules inside a WBK15.

Excitation voltage from DBK30A is not regulated by the unit, and must therefore be
regulated externally. For most load cells, excitation voltage should be regulated to 10 V.

Charging.

To charge the DBK30A batteries:

1. Connect the adapter to DBK30A’s POWER IN connector.

2. Plug the adapter into the AC power receptacle.

Note that the charge cycle will begin automatically whenever AC power is applied after an
interruption. The charge cycle will automatically end when the batteries are fully charged.

Charging DBK30A’s Batteries

3. To manually initiate a charge cycle, press the START CHARGE momentary rocker-arm switch.

Note that subsequent charge cycles applied to a fully-charged DBK30A will have no ill effect. The
module will sense the fully-charged status and revert to the trickle-charge state within a few
minutes.

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System Setup and Power Options 3-15

Three LEDs on the DBK30A provide status information on the charging process or the external load.

LED Indicators & Descriptions
POWER IN
BATTERY CHARGING

POWER OUT

Indicates the charger is connected to a source of AC power and to the bat tery module.
Steady Light - Indicates t he battery is in the high-current (2 A) charge mode.

Flashing - One or two flashes at a time indicates the batteri es are fully charged.
Indicates power is flowing out to an external devic e, such as a WaveBook product.

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Periodically, fully discharge the DBK30A to inhibit “lazy chemistry” (memory) in the
nickel-cadmium cells. To manually discharge a battery pack, connect a WaveBook to
the pack and leave it powered-on until the indicator lights go out.

Use While Charging. Both operating modes are capable of powering the WaveBook products while being
charged; however, the charging current is reduced, and charging time is increased. If AC power is
interrupted, a new charge cycle will begin automatically when AC power returns.

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Even with the AC adapter, the batteries will eventually discharge under a WaveBook
operating load. Charging DOES NOT BEGIN AUTOMATICALLY (except on power­up). You must manually initiate the next charge cycle. Do not expect a WaveBook
powered by a DBK30A to operate a s an uninterrupta ble po wer supply.

Stacking Modules

Stacking can be accomplished with splice plates, as discussed earlier in the chapter.

DBK30A Battery Module - Specifications

Name/Function: Rechargeable Battery Module
Battery Type
Number of Battery Packs
Battery Pack Configuration

cells

Output Voltage

selected mode)

Output Fuses
Battery Amp-Hours

: Nickel-cadmium

: 2

: 12 series-connected sub-C

: 14.4 V or 28.8 V (depending on the

: 2 A

: 3.4 A-hr (1.7 A-hr/pack)

Charge Termination
Charge Time
Charging Voltage from Supplied AC Adapter

VDC @ 2 A

AC Adapter Input
Size

: 221 mm × 285 mm × 35 mm

(11" × 8-1/2" × 1-3/8")

Weight

: 2.4 kg (6 lb)

: Peak detection

: 2 hours

: 95 to 265 VAC @ 47 to 63 Hz

: 22 to 26

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WaveBook User’s Manual

DBK34A Vehicle UPS/Battery Module

DBK34A is similar to DBK34 in appearance and operation; but there are differences.
Before proceeding with this section, verify that your device is a DBK34A. If your device
does not have the “A” suffix, use the preceding section regarding the DBK34 Vehicle UPS
Module instead of this section.

DBK34A Front Panel

The DBK34A can power a data acquisition system in portable or in-vehicle UPS applications (both 12 V
and 24 V systems). Power storage capacity is 5 A-hr @ 12 VDC or 2.5 A-hr @ 24 VDC.

For reliable data acquisition in a vehicle, the DBK34A provides clean and consistent operating power:

•

Prior to engine/generator start

•

During engine start-up (battery sag due t o the high-current d emand of starter motor and solenoid)

•

After engine turn off.

•

Before and after connection to the vehicle

The DBK34A contains two sealed-lead rechargeable batteries (Gel-Packs), associated charging circuits and
current indicators. Typically, these batteries can last more than 500 full cycles and up to 10 years standby
lifetime at room temperature. Recharging is fast, and extreme temperature performance is good. The
DBK34A can be used with the LogBook, DaqBook, WaveBook, and related DBKs and WBKs. The unit’s
rugged metal package has a compatibl e 8×11” footprint for convenient stacking with Velcro tabs and
optional splice plates and handles for carrying.

Main and auxiliary power input comes from 12 or 24 VDC via a terminal block on the unit’s front panel
(12 or 24 V modes are set by front-panel jumpers). Automatic, temperature-compensated charging circuits
recharge the internal batteries quickly and safely. For trouble-free operation, you must fully charge the
batteries before use. The charged battery runtime will depend on the load and mode of operation.

During use of the internal batteries, the Charging LED blinks and a beeper sounds when battery life is
almost exhausted. Within a few minutes, internal cutoff circuits disconnect the load from the batteries to
prevent the possibility of deep-cycle damage.

Note: Current protection is provided by four fuses. Two 7.5A fuses for the unit’s internal batteries,

one 7.5 A fuse for an auxiliary (external) battery, and a 15 A fuse for the power input.

You can use a CA-172 cable to connect a vehicle battery (via a cigarette lighter) to the
DBK34A terminal board. The cable is six feet long, contains a cigarette lighter adapter at one
end, and stripped leads (for terminal connection) at the other.

For trouble-free operation, fully charge the batteries before use. Charged
battery runtime depends on the load and on the mode of operation.

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System Setup and Power Options 3-17

Hardware Setup

Configuration for 12 Volt (Default) or 24 Volt Operation

DBK34A’s screw terminal numbers read from right to left (9,8,7…3,2,1) when viewed from the front

panel (see figure).

For 12 Volt Operation:

For 24 Volt Operation:

Power

Power In (12 or 24 VDC only).

DBK34A Block Diagram

DBK34A’s Screw Terminal Board, TB1

1. Remove jumper from terminals 8 and 7, if present.

2. Use a jumper to short terminals 9 and 8

3. Use a jumper to short terminals 7 and 6

1. Remove jumpers from terminals 9 and 8, if present

2. Remove jumpers from terminals 7 and 6, if present.

3. Use a jumper to short terminals 8 and 7.

•

Connect MAIN POWER INPUT (+) positive to Terminal 3 of TB1.

•

Connect MAIN POWER INPUT (-) negative to Terminal 5 of TB1.

•

TB1’s Terminal 4 is reserved for factory use and is not to be connected by the user.

•

The use of an optional auxiliary battery will extend run-time. For use with DBK34A,
auxiliary batteries must be of lead-acid chemistry, in the 2 to 3 A-Hr range, and of the same
voltage as that set by the Voltage Select Jumpers. Auxiliary batteries charge and discharge in
the same manner as the internal batteries. If an auxiliary battery is to be used, connect AUX
BATT (+) positive to Terminal 1 (of TB1), and connect AUX BATT (-) negative to Terminal
2 (of TB1).

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WaveBook User’s Manual

Power Out. The pinout at the right applies to the
two POWER OUT DIN5 connectors. The DBK34A
package includes a short connecting cable to
connect to the powered device. This cable connects
the POWER OUT connector on the DBK34A and
to the POWER IN connector on the WaveBook,
LogBook, DaqBook, or WBK/DBK module.

DIN5 Power Output Connector

(2 per DBK34A)

Indicators. Three front-panel LED indicators provide power and charging status information.

LED Indicators & Descriptions
MAIN POWER
CHARGING
DISCHARGING

Lights when the DBK34A power input is connec t ed to a source of at least 12.25 V DC
Lights when the internal batteries are bei ng f ast-charged at a rate of 0.1 am p/ cell or greater.
Lights when internal batteries (or auxiliary batteries) are discharging at a rate of 0.25A or greater.

Runtime. Approximate runtime under various loads can be computed from the storage capacity
(5 A-hr in 12 V mode; 2.5 A-hr in 24 V mode) and the load (main unit and other DBKs).

The following Load Wattage vs. Hours graph is for a typical new battery that is fully charged.

Charging: In general, lead-acid batteries [and related Gel-Packs] require charging at 120% of drain energy
(e.g., the 5 A-hr DBK34A requires a charge equal to or greater than 6 A-hr). Charging times vary; but 4 to
5 hours at 14 V is typical for a completely discharged battery; after which, charging may continue
indefinitely.

Note that 16 to 18 VDC at the power input is required for optimal charging.

Voltage applied to a DBK34A must not exceed 30 VDC.

Environmental Concerns

DBK34A Gel-Pack batteries contain toxic materials (Pb and H2SO4). At the end of
the battery life cycle (typically after 5 to 10 years of use), the Gel-Packs must be
recycled or properly disposed of.

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System Setup and Power Options 3-19

Fuse Replacement

DBK34A contains four MINI ATO fuses that can be replaced by the user. Note that you should always
check your unit for blown fuses prior to sending it back to the factory for repair. This could save you time
and money.

The following table indicates the probable reason that a particular fuse may have blown, and includes part
numbers and fuse rating.

Fuse Rating Probable Cause of Blowing Fuse Replacement Fuse

F1 7.5 A Auxiliary Battery overload. 7.5A MINI ATO, LITTLEFUSE# 297-07.5
F2 7.5 A Output overload. 7.5A MINI ATO, LITTLEFUSE# 297-07.5
F3 7.5 A Output overload. 7.5A MINI ATO, LITTLEFUSE# 297-07.5
F4 15 A Input overload. 15A MINI ATO, LITTLEFUSE# 297-015

DBK34A, Fuse Locatio n Re ference

To replace a fuse:

1. Disconnect the DBK34A from loads and from supply power.

2. Remove the DBK34A’s cover plate. This requires the removal of 4 screws
(2 per side).

3. Examine the fuses (F1 through F4) to see which, if any, have blown. Note that
you can usually see the blown element through the fuse’s transparent casing.

4. Replace the blown fuse with the appropriate replacement fuse (see preceding
table). Note that the fuse value is present on top of the fuse; also, the fuses are
color coded as an aid to identification.

5. Replace the DBK34A cover and secure with screws (removed in step 2).

DBK34A UPS / Battery Module - Specifications

Name/Function: Vehicle UPS Module
Battery Type
Number of Battery Packs
Battery Pack Configuration
Output Voltage
Output Fuses

: Sealed-lead rechargeable

: 2

: 6 series-connected D c el l s

: 12 V or 24 V (depending on jumpers)

: 8 A on each internal battery (2)

Battery Capacity (Amp-Hours)

5 A-hr in 12 V mode (parallel)

2.5 A-hr in 24 V mode (series )

Operating Temperature

: 8½ × 11 × 1¾ in. ( 216 × 279 × 44 mm)

Size

: 7.2 lb (3.27 kg)

Weight

:

: -20°F to 122°F (-29°C to 50°C)

3-20 System Setup and Power Options

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WaveBook User’s Manual

Installing Software

WaveBook software includes WaveView, a Windows-based data acquisition program. For successful operation, your
computer should meet or exceed the PC requirements provided at the beginning of this chapter.

Remove any previous-installed versions of Wave Book software before installing a new version.

Install software according to the following
procedure.

1. Close all other programs. Insert CD-ROM and
wait for the PC to auto-access the CD.

2. On the Master Setup Screen check:

•

WaveBook Support 32-bit

•

Acrobat Reader

•

PostView Post-Acquisition Waveform
Viewer. Checking this box will install

an optional post-acquisition viewing
program. Refer to the PostView
document module for detailed
information.

3. Follow the on-screen dialog boxes to complete

the installation.

Master Setup Screen

Using the Daq Configuration Applet to Check Connections

The Daq Configuration applet, designed for 32-bit Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000 systems, is located in the
Windows Control Panel. It allows you to add or remove a device and change configuration settings. The
included test utility provides feedback on the validity of current configuration settings, as well as
per formance summaries.

Device Inventory Dialog Box

Run the applet by double-clicking on the Daq Configuration icon in the Windows Control Panel.
The Device Inventory dialog box will open, displaying all currently configured devices. Displayed devices

show their name and an icon to identify the device type. If no devices are currently configured, no devices
will appear in this field.

The four buttons across the bottom of the dialog box are used as follows:

•

Properties: Current configuratio n settings for a device can be changed by first bringing up the
corresponding Properties dialog box. Open the Properties dialog box by double-clicking on the device
icon or selecting the device and then clicking on the Properties button.

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System Setup and Power Options 3-21

•

Add Device: The Add Device button is
used to add a device configuration
whenever a new device is added to the
system. Failure to perform this step will
prevent applications from properly
accessing the device. Clicking on the Add

Device button will open the Select Device
Type dialog box.

•

Remove: The Remove button is used to
remove a devic e from the configuration.
A device may be removed if it is no
longer installed, or if the device
configuration no longer app lies.

Note: If a device is removed, applications

may no longer access the device.
However, the device can be
re-configured at any time using the
Add Device function described above.

•

Close: The Close button may be used at
any time to exit the Daq Configuration
applet.

Daq Configuration - Device Inventory Dialog Box

Select Device Type Dialog Box

This dialog box opens when the Add Device
button of the Device Inventory dialog box is
selected.

The device type you select for configuring will
appear in the main edit box. Clicking on the
OK button will then open the Properties dialog
box (following figure).

Properties Dialog Box

This dialog box opens when the Properties button of the Device Inventory dialog box is selected, or when
the OK button of the Select Device Type dialog box is selected. It displays the properties for the WaveBook
device with the default configuration settings. The fields include:

Daq Configuration - Select Device Type Dialog Box

3-22 System Setup and Power Options

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WaveBook User’s Manual

•

Device Name: The Device Name field is displayed
with the default device name. As shown, this field
can be changed to any descriptive name as desired.
This device name is the name to be used with the

daqOpen

function to open the device. This name
will also be displayed in the device lists for opening
the device in the WaveView and WaveCal
applications.

•

Device Type: The Device Type field indicates the
device type that was initially selected. However, it
can be changed here if necessary.

•

Parallel Port: The Parallel Port field is used to set
the parallel port for communicating with the
WaveBook.

•

Protocol: The Protocol field is used to set the
parallel port protocol for communicating with the
WaveBook. Depending on your system, no t all
protocols may be available. (See following Note).

Daq Configuration - Properties Dialog Box

In regard to Protocol – If you are using a WBK20A or WBK21, you must select
“Fast EPP (wbk/20/21)” to achieve the best performance.

•

Device Resources: The Device Resources field lists settings for various resources, among them Interrupt

Request, Input/Output Range, and Direct Memory Access.

•

OK: Click on the OK button to store the configuration and exit the current dialog box.

•

Cancel: Click on the Cancel button to exit the current dialog box without storing any changes.

•

Apply: Click on the Apply button to store the configuration. Or you can click the following tab:

•

Test Hardware: Click on the Test Hardware tab to test the current stored configuration for the device.
This selection will open the Test Hardware dialog box.

Test Hardware Dialog Box

Before testing WaveBook, make sure the device has been properly installed and powered-on. Make sure
the parallel port cable is firmly in place on both the WaveBook and the proper LPT port in the computer.

When testing WaveBook, if the unit does not respond within 30 seconds perform the following
steps:

1) reboot the system

2) upon power-up, re-open the Daq Configuration a pplet

3) select another configuration setting

4) reinitiate the test

To test the currently stored configuration for the WaveBook device, click the Test button. Results should be
displayed in a few seconds. The test results have two components: Resource Tests and Performance Tests.

Resource Tests.

The resource tests are intended to test system capability for the current device
configuration. Resource tests are pass/fail. Test failure may indicate a lack of availability of the resource,
or a possible resource conflict.

Base Address Test. This resource test checks the base address for the selected parallel port. Failure of this
test may indicate that the parallel port is not properly configured within the system. See relevant operating
system and computer manufacturer’s documentation to correct the problem.

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System Setup and Power Options 3-23

Performance Tests.

These types of tests are intended
to check various WaveBook func t ions, using the curre nt
device configuration. Performance tests pro vi de
quantitative results for each supported functional group.
Test results represent maximum rates the various
operations can be performed. The rates depend on the
selected parallel port protocol, and vary according to
port hardware capabilities.

WBK30 FIFO Test. This performance test checks the
data-storing capabilities of the optional, WBK30
memor y card.

Note that the figure to the right represents results from a
previous test. Initially, the screen shows no test results.

Daq Configuration - Test Hardware Dialog Box

When the test is completed successfully, the Daq Configuration Test Dialog Box indicates a passed
condition. For example, in the above figure:

WBK30 FIFO Test

Passed.

Æ

Æ

“Passed” messages indicate that you can exit the test program and run your application.

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WaveBook User’s Manual

WaveBook Operation Reference 4

WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H, Basic Operation …… 4-2
WaveBook/516, Basic Operation …… 4-4
Analog-Signal & Ground Conections…… 4-6
Digital I/O Connections…… 4-7

WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H …… 4-7
WaveBook/516 Series …… 4-8

Triggers …… 4-9

Digital Trigger and Single-Channel Trigger ……4-9
Multi-Channel Trigger …… 4-10
Trigger Latency and Jitter …… 4-13
Pulse Trigger (WaveBook/516 Series Only) …… 4-14
Digital-Pattern Trigger (WaveBook/516 Series Only) …… 4-15
External Clock and Counter-Timer (WaveBook/516 Series Only) …… 4-15

Programmable Features …… 4-16

Selecting a Channel’s Range …… 4-17
Selecting a Channels Units …… 4-17
mx + b, an Example …… 4-17

Reference Note: Refer to the WBK document modules (included as a part of this user’s manual) for detailed

information regarding the following WBK options.

WBK Description Hardware Type

WBK10
WBK10H
WBK10A
WBK11
WBK11A
WBK12
WBK12A
WBK13
WBK13A
WBK14 8-Channel Dynamic Signal Input Module (piezoelec tric) Expansion Module
WBK15 8-Channel Isolated (5B) Signal Conditioning Module Expansion Module
WBK16 8-Channel Strain Gage Module Expansion Module
WBK17 8-Channel Counter-Input Module with Quadrature Encoder Support Expansion Module
WBK20A PCMCIA/EPP Interface Card (for linking W aveBook to a Notebook PC) Interface Card

WBK21 ISA/EPP Interface Card (For linking WaveBook to a desktop PC) Interface Card
WBK30 Memory Expansion Cards; 16 MB, 64 MB, and 128 MB Memory Expansion Card
WBK61 1000V High Voltage Adapter with Probe High Voltage Adapter
WBK62 100V High Voltage Adapter with Probe High Voltage Adapter

8-Channel Expansion Chassis Expansion Module

8-Channel SSH Cards Signal Conditioning Card

8-Channel Programmable Low-Pass Fi l t er Cards S i gnal Condi tioning Card

8-Channel Programmable Low-Pass Fi l t er Cards with SSH Signal Conditioning Card

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WaveBook Operation Reference 4-1

WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H, Basic Operation

Block Diagram for WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H

Note 1
Note 2

Each channel has input protection and connects t o J 10 via its own BNC connector. Channel 1 is the only channel that

:

connects to the Analog Trigger Detector.

An optional WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 series board can be used in plac e of t he on-board PGA c irc uit . Prior t o

:

installing an option board, jumpers on J10 and J11 m us t be rem oved to disengage the PGA circuitry.

In regard to WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H, each of the 8 pairs of differential signals (one per BNC
connector) is buffered and then switched by the channel-selection multiplexer. The selected differential
pair is then converted to a single-ended signal by the programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and level-shifted
to locate the desired range (within the A/D converter's fixed input range). Two offset settings are available,
unipolar and bipolar. Unipolar offset is used for sampling signals t hat are always positive. Bipolar offset
is used for signals that may be positive or negative. For example, when set for unipolar at a gain of ×5, the
input span is 2 volts and the amplified signal is offset so that input voltages from 0 to +2 volts can be
digitized. When set for bipolar operation, the offset is adjusted so that input voltages from -1.0 to +1.0 volts
can be digitized. The signal is then switched over to the A/D converter and digitized to 12 bits in 1 µs.
Note that the A/D converter's input can be switched to the expansion signal input, allowing the device to
read one of 64 possible expansion channels (supplied by up to eight WBK10 expansion chassis). A digital
signal processor (DSP) processes the digitized value and corrects the value for gain and offset errors. The
DSP places the corrected result into the FIFO data buffer that holds the samples until the PC reads the data.
If the sample is used for triggering, the DSP determines if a valid trigger event has occurred.

WaveBook includes low-latency analog or TTL-level triggering. The analog trigger detector examines
channel 1 to determine if a trigger has occurred. The selected low-latency trigger is presented to the control­and-timing circuit that starts the acquisition after the trigger. The TTL trigger is taken directly from the
digital I/O port.

4-2 WaveBook Operation Reference

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WaveBook User’s Manual

For every sample, the DSP reads from a scan sequence table and accordingly programs the control-and­timing circuit for the next sample. The circuit waits precisely until the start of the next sample and then
selects the: input channel, PGA gain, level-shifter offset, and A/D input source. It also conveys this
information to any attached expansion units and precisely controls the A/D conversion timing.

The EEPROM holds the calibration information needed for real-time sample correction.
The digital I/O port is read and written by the Digital Signal Processor to transfer bytes of digital data.

It may be used as a simple 8-bit input port or as a 32-address byte-wide I/O port.
The high-speed EPP/ECP interface circuit connects the WaveBook and any attached printer to the PC via

standard DB-25 connectors. When the WaveBook is active, the interface holds the printer in a stable state;
and when the WaveBook is inactive, the interface connects the PC to the printer.

Pin-header J101 allows the addition of the WBK30 memory option. The WBK30 is detailed in the
WBK30 Document Module. Pin-headers J10 and J11 allow the addition of the optional WBK11, WBK12,
or WBK13. These cards can also be added toWBK10/10H/10A expansion modules.

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WaveBook Operation Reference 4-3

WaveBook/516, Basic Operation

WaveBook/516 Block Diagram

Note 1

Note 2

Each channel has input protection and connects t o J 10 via its own BNC connector. Channel 1 is the only channel that

:

connects to the Pulse Discriminator and Analog Trigger.
An optional WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 series board can be used in plac e of WaveBook/516’s PGA board. For

:

WaveBook/516, t hes e boards are not “Plug-and-play.” They are only to be installed at t he f ac t ory.

In regard to WaveBook/516, each of the 8 pairs of differential signals (one per BNC connector) is buffered
and applied to a differential amplifier. The output of each differential amplifier is applied to a 5 pole, low
pass filter. The filter and channel-selection multiplexer then switches the non-filtered and filtered signals to
a programmable gain amplifier (PGA). The amplified signal is level-shifted to locate the desired range
(within the A/D converter's fixed input range). Two offset settings are available, unipolar and bipolar.
Unipolar offset is used for sampling signals that are always positive. Bipolar offset is used for signals that
may be positive or negative. For example, when set for unipolar at a gain of ×5, the input span is 2 volts
and the amplified signal is offset so that input voltages from 0 to +2 volts can be digitized. When set for
bipolar operation, the offset is adjusted so that input voltages from -1.0 to +1.0 volts can be digitized.

The signal is switched over to the A/D converter and digitized to 16 bits in 1 µs. Note that the A/D
converter's input can be switched to the expansion signal input, allowing the device to read one of 64
possible expansion channels (supplied by up to eight WBK10 expansion chassis). The digital signal
processor (DSP) processes the digitized value and corrects the value for gain and offset errors. The DSP
places the corrected result into the FIFO data buffer that holds the samples until the PC reads the data. If the
sample is used for triggering, the DSP determines if a valid trigger event has occurred.

4-4 WaveBook Operation Reference

06-08-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

WaveBook includes low-latency analog or TTL-level triggering. The low-latency analog trigger detector
examines the WaveBook input channel 1 to determine if a trigger has occurred. The selected low-latency
trigger is presented to the control and timing circuit that starts the acquisition after the trigger. The TTL
trigger is taken directly from the digital I/O port.

The control-and-timing circuit and the DSP work together to coordinate activities. Every sample time, the
DSP reads from the scan sequence table and accordingly programs the control and timing circuit for the
next sample. The control and timing circuit waits precisely until the start of the next sample, then selects:
input channel, PGA gain, level-shifter offset, and A/D input source. It conveys this information to any
attached expansion units and precisely controls the A/D conversion timing.

The EEPROM holds the calibration information needed for real-time sample correction.
The digital I/O port is read and written by the Digital Signal Processor to transfer bytes of digital data.

It may be used as a simple 8-bit input port or as a 32-address byte-wide I/O port.
The high-speed EPP/ECP interface circuit connects the WaveBook and any attached printer to the PC via

standard DB-25 connectors. When the WaveBook is active, the interface holds the printer in a stable state;
and when the WaveBook is inactive, the interface connects the PC to the printer.

Pin-header J101 allows the addition of the WBK30 memory option. The WBK30 is discussed later in this
chapter. Pin-headers J10 and J11 allow the addition of the optional WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13. These
cards can also be added toWBK10/10H/10A expansion modules.

WaveBook/516 Fan

WaveBook/516 components are air-cooled and cooling to ambient occurs as long as the
surrounding environment is cooler than the unit. When the unit becomes too warm for ambient
cooling, a te mperature sensor signals the fan to run.

Fan speed varies according to WaveBook/516’s internal temperature. In cooler temperatures
the fan operates at lower speeds, thus reducing audible noise.

To allow for sufficient cooling, it is important to keep the fan and vents free of obstruction.
Note: The partial blocking of vents by splice plates (in stacked assemblies) does not

jeopardize unit cooling.

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-08-01

WaveBook Operation Reference 4-5

Analog Signal & Ground Connections

Channel Analog Input, BNC Signal Connections

For each of the eight channel analog inputs, the BNC center (+) and shield (-) are internally connected to
WaveBook’s binding post labeled, ANALOG COMMON. The center (+) and shield (-) each connect to

ANALOG COMMON through a 5 M
(see figures). WaveBook’s ANALOG COMMON connects to the computer power supply ground through
the TO COMPUTER DB25 connector and cable.

Ω

resistor, resulting in a 10 MΩ differential input resistance

If the host computer is a desktop PC, then the computer ground will likely connect to the

•

AC power line ground.
If the host computer is a notebook PC, then the computer ground could be:

•

(a)
(b)
conjunction with the vehicle’s battery.

, for example, when operating on batteries, or

floating

connected to a vehicle ground

, for example, when using an aut omotive cigarette lighter adapter i n

Note that a pair of Schottky diodes is used in the WBK10 to clamp the ANALOG COMMON to within

0.3V of computer ground ( s ee figure).
WaveBook and WBK10/10H both have isolated power supplies. Power input common is isolated from

ANALOG COMMON by >10

9

Ω in parallel with 0.1µF.

For WaveBook [or WBK10/10H] to correctly measure analog signals, each signal must be within
±11 volts of ANALOG COMMON. The following notes pro v ide g uidelines o n ho w to achieve this.

Like WaveBooks, notebook computers are rarely connected to AC power line ground.
This is true even when these devices are plugged into AC adapters.

If the computer is battery operated

Floating Grounds

:

ungrounded senso r), then the internal 5 M

Ω

resistors

the signal source i s floating (such as an

and

provide e nough of a return path to ANALOG

may

COMMON. If either the computer or the analog signal source is committed to AC power line ground, then
you will require a direct connection between the signal source and ANALOG COMMON.

When in doubt, connect the signal source common to ANALOG COMMON.

A

single-ended

signal source needs to have its common connected to ANALOG COMMON. When
connecting several signal source commons to ANALOG COMMON, it is important that there is no voltage
potential [between these signal source commons]. Otherwise, ground currents will circulate, leading to
measurement errors.

If there is a

fixed voltage potential

source commons

needs connected to ANALOG COMMON. This is true

between multiple signal source commons, then

voltage of any input does not exceed ±11 volts.

4-6 WaveBook Operation Reference

06-08-01

as long as

only one of these signal

the common mode

WaveBook User’s Manual

Digital I/O Connections

Digital I/O Connections for WaveBook/512 and WaveBook/512H

Note: The following pinout can be used for WaveBook/516, providing the unit is in the 8-bit mode (instead of 16-bit).

If using this pinout for WaveBook/516 (in 8-bit mode), pin 20 will be assigned to external clock input.
With the WaveBook/512 series, the following signals are present on the DB25F high-speed digital I/O

connector.

•

8 Digital I/O Lines (D8 – D15)

•

5 Address Lines (A0 –A4)

•

Active-low Digital I/O Enable output (EN-)

•

Active-low Digital I/O Write Strobe (WR-)

•

Active-low Digital I/O Read Strobe (RD-)

•

TTL Trigger Input (TTLTRG)

•

+15 V (pin 23), -15 V (pin 22), 50 mA max. (each)

•

two +5 V power (pins 19 and 21), 250 mA max. (total)

•

three Digital Grounds (pins 20, 24, and 25)

Digital I/O Connections, W aveBook/ 512

D8-D15 Digital I/O data lines
A0-A4 Digital I/O address lines
EN- Active-low digital I/O enable

RD- A ctive-low read strobe
WR- Active-low write strobe
TTLTRG TTL trigger input
+5 VDC 250 mA maximum
+15,-15 VDC 50 mA maximum (each)
Digital Grounds Pins 20, 24, and 25

WaveBook/512, DB25 Pinout

To sample just 8 digital input signals, connect them directly to the digital I/O data lines. D15 is the most
significant bit, and D8 is the least. The address lines, the read and write strobes, and enable signal may all
be left disconnected.

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-08-01

WaveBook Operation Reference 4-7

Digital I/O Connections for WaveBook/516

With the WaveBook/516 series, the following signals are present on the DB25F high-speed digital I/O
connector.

•

16 High-Speed Digital I/O Lines (D0 through D15)

•

TTL Trigger Input (TTLTRG)

•

+15 V (pin 23), -15 V (pin 22), 50 mA max. (each)

•

two +5 V (pin 19 and pin 21), 250 mA max. (total)

•

External Clock (pin 20)

•

two Digital Grounds (pins 24 and 25)

To sample just 16 digital input signals, connect them directly to the digital I/O data lines.
D15 is the most significant bit, and D0 is the least.

*Note: For 8-bit mode, refer to the WaveBook/512 pinout,

with noted exception that in WaveBook/516 applications
pin 20 is for an external clock.

The following figure depicts WaveBook/516’s Front Panel, showing the DB25 connector and cable for
External Clock and TTL External Trigger.

(16-bit mode*)

Digital I/O Connections, W aveBook/ 516

D0 – D15 High Speed Digital I/O data lines
TTLTRG TTL trigger input
External Clock 16 bit mode, read/write strobe
+5 VDC 250 mA maximum
+15,-15 VDC 50 mA maximum (each)
Digital Grounds Pins 24 and25

WaveBook/516, DB25 Pinout

WaveBook/516 with Optional Clock and External Trigger Cable (CA-178)

4-8 WaveBook Operation Reference

06-08-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Triggers

External signals can be used to start or synchronize the data acquisition process. Both WaveBook/512 and
WaveBook/516 series support the following trigger sources:

•

Software Trigger. This trigger event is generated by a software command from the PC
without waiting for an external event. This feature may be used to begin a data acquisition

immediately or to force an acquisition to occur if the expected trigger did not occur.

•

Digital Trigger. Digital (or TTL-level) triggering (either rising- or falling-edge input) is
performed by digital logic connected to the digital expansion connector.

•

Single-Channel Trigger. Single-Channel (or Channel 1 Analog) triggering (rising or falling
signal level) is performed by comparator-based analog hardware connected directly to
analog input channel 1.

•

Multi-Channel Trigger. Here, the trigger event is a combination of measured channel
values. WaveBook's Digital Signal Processor (DSP) performs multi-channel triggering. The

DSP samples the specified channels; if programmable conditions are met, a trigger is generated.
Multi-channel triggering examines digitized data, and the trigger latencies are much greater.

WaveBook/516 supports the four trigger sources identified above, plus two more:
Digital-Pattern Trigger and Pulse Trigger.

•

Digital-Pattern Trigger: WaveBook/516 supports a digital-pattern trigger. This expanded
digital-trigger capability allows data collection to start when a user-defined 16-bit digital
pattern is matched on the digital I/O connector. This feature is useful when trying to
capture noise, vibrations or some other physical disturbance; such as those that can occur in a
programmed logic controller’s digitally sequenced process.

•

Pulse Trigger: WaveBook/516’s pulse trigger is a high-bandwidth input that enables
triggering and the correlation of lower-speed waveforms with the occurrence of a high­speed pulse. With pulse trigger, the user defines pulse amplitude between ±5 V and pulse

width from 100 ns to 800 ms.

More detailed information regarding triggers follows.

Digital Trigger & Single-Channel Trigger

The input of the digital (TTL) trigger and the output of the single-channel signal-comparator are each
connected directly to hardware circuits to provide low-latency triggering. WaveBook can respond to a TTL
or analog trigger with a jitter (or uncertainty in latency) of no more than 100 nanoseconds (ns).

•

If not collecting pre-trigger data, WaveBook responds to the trigger with a latency of less than

200 ns for TTL and 300 ns for analog.

•

If collecting pre-trigger data, then triggers are not acted upon until the end of the current pre-

trigger scan. This increases the trigger latency and jitter, but preserves the specified scan rates.

When using the single-channel trigger, the Channel 1 analog input signal is compared with a programmable
voltage level to generate an internal TTL signal that is true if the analog input is greater than the
programmable voltage level (false if less).

When the digital trigger is used, then the TTL trigger signal from the digital I/O connector is used directly.
The resulting TTL signal is examined under program control for either a false-to-true (rising edge) or true­to-false (falling edge) transition which, when it occurs, is the trigger event.

If the system is ready for a trigger, then the trigger event will be acted upon. If the system is not ready (due
to incomplete configuration or because it is still finishing the previous trigger's action), the trigger will be
ignored. No indication of an ignored tr igger is given.

The low-latency analog trigger compares the analog signal with a programmable voltage source. The
effective range of this voltage source depends on whether or not the WBK11 SSH option is installed.

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-08-01

WaveBook Operation Reference 4-9

•

T

D

T

D

A

I

S

I

V

V

R

F

N

T

T

D

M

Without SSH, the trigger threshold is settable from -5.0 to +9.996 volts with 12-bit
(WaveBook/512) resolution, regardless of any channel's gain settings. This gives better than
1% resolution at even the smallest input ranges (such as 0-1 or ±0.5 volts).

•

With SSH, the single-channel (Channel 1 analog) signal is first amplified by the SSH

programmable gain amplifier before being compared with the programmable voltage. This

allows precise trigger-level adjustment, even at high gain. The analog-trigger comparator

threshold-voltage range and resolution (with SSH) are shown in the following table.

SSH Input Range Trigger Threshold Range WaveBook/512

12-Bit Resolution (mV)

0-10 or ±5 -5.0 to 9.996 3.66 0.299
0-5 or ±2.5 -2. 5 to 4.998 1.83 0.114

0-2 or ±1 -1.0 to 1.999 0.732 0.0458

0-1 or ±0.5 -0.5 to 0.9996 0.366 0.0229

0-0.5 or ±0.25 -0.25 to 0.4998 0.183 0.0114

0-0.2 or ±0.1 -0.10 to 0.1999 0.0732 0.00458

0-0.1 or ±0.05 -0.05 to 0.09996 0.0366 0.00229

WaveBook/516

16-Bit Resolution (mV)

Hysteresis

The analog trigger circuit has hysteresis that reduces the occurrence of retriggering due to input noise.
The hysteresis level without SSH is 25 mV; the hysteresis with SSH is 1/600 of the comparator range. The
next figure shows the hysteresis effect for a rising-edge trigger.

Trigger

No
Trigger

Trigger

Trigger Level

Hysteresis Range

A trigger will occur when the analog input rises above the trigger level—but only after the input level has
been below the hysteresis range. If the level momentarily drops just below the trigger level (perhaps due to
noise) and then rises above it again, no extra triggers will be generated—the signal did not drop below the
hysteresis range. After the level drops below hysteresis, it can then again produce a trigger by rising above
the trigger level.

Multi-Channel Trigger

When the small hardware-limited latencies of the digital (TTL) and single-channel (Channel 1 analog)
triggers are not required, the DSP chip may be used to examine the samples from one or more channels and
to decide if they constitute a pre-defined trigger condition.

The DSP can sample up to 72 input channels and
examine each one to determine if it meets programmed
levels for a valid trigger. This multi-channel triggering
is a two-step process:

1. The DSP examines each of its specified input
signals to determine trigger validity.

2. After all of the channels have been examined, the
DSP logically combines the individual triggers to
generate the actual trigger. The DSP may be
programmed to generate a trigger if
trigger is valid (OR) or if
(AND). See figure.

A mp lit u d e

Time

Hysteresis Effect on a Rising-Edge Trigger

individual

any

triggers are valid

all

etector

nalog
nput

ignals

e-Arm Command

rom Control Circuits

etector

etector

ulti-Channel Trigger Detection

rigger

rigger

rigger

nvalid Trigger

alid Trigger

alid Trigger

Trigger
Logic

AND
(all)

OR
(any)

o Trigger

rigger

Trigger validity in a multi-channel environment is determined by the logical relationship among three
elements (

4-10 WaveBook Operation Reference

slope, duration

, and

initialization)

as discussed in the next section.

06-08-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Multi-Channel Trigger Types

T

The first step in multi-channel
triggering is to examine the input
signals. To determine trigger
validity, WaveBook can examine
each input signal in 1 of 8 ways.

Note: Each trigger type is a

combination of three

Trigger Type Slope Duration Initialization

Above-level

Below-level
Above-level-with-latch
Below-level-with-latch

Rising-edge

Falling-edge

Rising-edge-with-latch

Falling-edge-with-latch

Rising Instantaneous Level
Falling Instantaneous Level
Rising Latched Level
Falling Latched Level
Rising Instantaneous Edge
Falling Instantaneous Edge
Rising Latched Edge
Falling Latched Edge

elements: slope, duration,
and initialization.

Slope (above/rising or below/falling) sets whether the trigger is valid when the signal is:

•

Above the trigger level (rising)

•

Below the trigger level (falling).

Duration (instantaneous or latched) specifies the action to take if the signal level becomes invalid after it
has been valid:

•

Instantaneous triggers become invalid as soon as the signal does; they are used to trigger on
the coincidence of signals, when two or more signals are simultaneously valid.

•

Latched triggers remain valid until the acquisition is complete; they are used to trigger on the

occurrence of signals, when two or more signals have already become valid.
The trigger duration only makes a difference in multi-channel "AND" triggering. In multi-channel "OR"
triggering, WaveBook will be triggered as soon as any channel becomes valid; what happens when a
channel becomes invalid does not matter. In contrast, "AND" triggering waits for all of the triggers to be
valid; and so, latching can be i mportant for ra pidly changing signals.

Initialization (level or edge) specifies the sequence necessary for a signal to be a valid trigger:

•

Level triggers become valid as soon as they reach or exceed the trigger level, even if they are
already past the trigger level when the acquisition is started.

•

Edge triggers first wait until the signal level is invalid. Then they wait for the signal to reach
the trigger level before becoming valid. Thus, level triggers look for a signal level, whenever
it occurs; and edge triggers look for a rising or falling transition that reaches the trigger level.

Examination of the input signals compares two specified signal levels: (a) The trigger level determines
when the input channel is a valid trigger, and (b) the hysteresis is the amount by which the channel must
differ from the trigger level for the channel to become invalid.

Above-Level Trigger

Rising slope

Instantaneous duration

Level initialization

rigger Trigger

Trigger Level

Hysteresis

No
Trigger

This trigger is valid whenever the signal level is above the trigger level and stays valid until the signal level
goes below the hysteresis range. In the figure, the channel trigger is valid during the 2 shaded intervals.
Whether this condition triggers WaveBook or not, depends on the type of multi-channel triggering ("AND"
or "OR") and on the state of other trigger channels. With "OR" multi-channel triggering, WaveBook will
trigger when the signal first rises above the trigger level—if ready for a new trigger, WaveBook will also
trigger the second time the signal rises above the trigger level. With "AND" multi-level triggering,
WaveBook will not trigger until every specified trigger channel is valid. If all other trigger channels are
valid, WaveBook will trigger when the signal reaches the shaded region; but if some channels are not valid,
this channel will have no effect.

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-08-01

WaveBook Operation Reference 4-11

Below-Level Trigger

Falling slope

No Trigger

No Trigger

Instantaneous duration

Level initialization

Trigger Trigger

Hysteresis

Trigger Level

This trigger is valid whenever the signal level is below the trigger level and stays valid until the signal level
goes above the hysteresis range (the reverse of above-level triggering). As with all multi-channel trigger
types, WaveBook's actual trigger depends on the combination of this trigger with the other channels' trigger
states.

Above-Level-With-Latch Trigger

Rising slope

Latched duration

Trigger

Trigger Level

Level initialization

In this trigger type, the channel becomes valid when the signal level rises above the trigger level and stays
valid until the acquisition is complete and WaveBook is re-armed.

Below-Level-With-Latch Trigger

Falling slope

Latched duration

Level initialization

Trigger

Trigger Level

The channel becomes valid when the signal level rises above the trigger level and stays valid until the
acquisition is complete and WaveBook is re-armed (the reverse of above-level-with-latch triggering).
Latched triggers are often used in multi-channel "AND" triggering, where WaveBook will not trigger until
all trigger channels are valid. After a latched trigger becomes valid, it stays valid (waiting for the other
triggers to become valid) until WaveBook is triggered and the acquisition completes. If the trigger is non­latched instead of latched, the channel may not stay valid and WaveBook will not trigger until the channel
becomes valid again and all channels simultaneously reach their trigger levels. In other words, latched

triggering is used to trigger after something has occurred, but non-latched triggering is used only during
the simultaneous occurrence of desired signal levels. It is possible to combine different trigger types in a

single multi-channel trigger. For example, WaveBook could trigger when channel 3 is below 0.9 volts after
channel 2 has gone above -1.3 volts (by configuri ng channel 3 for below-level triggering and channel 2 for
above-level-with-latch triggering).

Rising-Edge Trigger

Rising slope

Instantaneous duration

Edge initialization

This trigger becomes valid after the signal level has been below the hysteresis range and then goes above
the trigger level. This trigger becomes invalid when the signal level goes below the hysteresis range.
Unlike above-level triggering, the channel cannot become valid until the signal level first goes below the
hysteresis range. This prevents the false triggering that would occur if the signal were above the trigger
level at the start of the acquisition.

4-12 WaveBook Operation Reference

06-08-01

Trigger

Trigger Level

Hysteresis

No
Trigger

WaveBook User’s Manual

Falling-Edge Trigger

Falling slope

No Trigger

Instantaneous duration

Edge initialization

Trigger

Hysteresis

Trigger Level

This trigger is the reverse of the rising-edge trigger: the trigger becomes valid after the signal level has been
above the hysteresis range and then goes below the trigger level. This trigger becomes invalid whenever the
signal level goes above the hysteresis range. This prevents the false triggering that would occur with below­level triggering if the signal was below the trigger level at the start of the acquisition.

Rising-Edge-With-Latch Trigger

Rising slope

Latched duration

Trigger

Trigger Level

Hysteresis

Edge initialization

This trigger becomes valid like a rising-edge trigger: when the signal level goes above the trigger level after
first being be l ow the trigger range. However, the ri si ng-edge-with-latch trigger does not beco me invalid,
regardless of the signal level, until the acquisition is complete. Rising-edge-with-latch is used to trigger
after the channel has reached the trigger level, rather than just while the channel is above the trigger level.

Falling-Edge-With-Latch Trigger

Falling slope

Latched duration

Edge initialization

Trigger

Hysteresis

Trigger Level

This trigger is the reverse of the rising-edge-with-latch trigger: the trigger becomes valid after the signal
level has been above the hysteresis range and then goes below the trigger level. The trigger remains valid
until the acquisition is complete.

Trigger Latency & Jitter

Trigger latency and jitter depend on the trigger source and the acquisition mode:

•

Trigger latency is the duration between the valid trigger and the start of the acquisition.

•

Trigger jitter is the variation of the latency, how much time the latency can vary from trigger to
trigger.

As discussed, WaveBook has post-trigger and pre/post-trigger acquisition modes. Post-trigger modes
(N-shot, N-shot with re-arm, and infinite-post-trigger) collect scans only after the trigger has occurred.
They are different from the pre/post-trigger mode that collects scans both before and after the trigger.
This difference affects the trigger latency and jitter.

In a post-trigger mode, WaveBook is not scanning while waiting for the trigger. Thus, it is free to respond
to the trigger as soon as it occurs. This minimizes the trigger latency and jitter.

In the pre/post-trigger mode, pre-trigger data is being collected while WaveBook waits for the trigger, and
WaveBook will not respond to a trigger until the current scan is complete. The pre-trigger scan period
separates the first scan after the t rigger from the last scan before the trigger. All the scans (up through the
one immediately following the trigger) are collected at the pre-trigger rate; and all subsequent scans are
collected at the post-trigger rate. This preserves the integrity of the acquisition timebase as shown in the
figure below:

No acquisitions
before start

Pre-Trigger Scan Cou nt

Start

Pre-Trigger
Scan Period

Trigger
Armed

Pre-Trigger
Scan Period

Pre/Post-Trigger Acquisition

Post-Trigger Scan Count

Trigger

Time

P ost-T rig g e r
Scan Period

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-08-01

WaveBook Operation Reference 4-13

The time needed to complete the final pre-trigger scan is part of the trigger latency; and so, in the pre/post­trigger mode, the trigger latency may be greatly increased.

Not only do the trigger latency and jitter depend on the pre- vs post-trigger type of acquisition, they also
depend on the trigger source: Software, digital (TTL), single-channel (Channel 1 analog), or multi-channel.
The following table gives the trigger latency and jitter for each of the different trigger sources and
acquisition modes:

Acquisition Type Trigger Source Max. Trigger Latency Trigger Jitter Notes

Software 100 µs + T 100 µs + T a, c
Digital (TTL) 200 ns + T 50 ns + T c

Pre-Trigger

Post-Trigger

N-Shot with re-arm, or
infinite-post-trigger)

Notes:

(N-Shot,

a) Software trigger latency and jitt er depend greatly on the host computer's speed, operating system, and

printer-port protocol. Most s ys tems should take much less than 100 µ s.

b) NC is the number of channel s amples used for multi-channel triggering, from 1 t o 72, as specified by the trigger

configuration.

c) T is the pre-trigger scan period.
d) NS is the number of samples in a scan includi ng, if present, the first "dummy" sample, from 1 to 128.
e) WaveBook/516 s eri es only

Single-Channel 300 ns + T 50 ns + T c
Multi-Channel 2 * T - NS µs T c, d
Digital Pattern 300 ns + T 50 ns + T e
Pulse 300 ns + T 50 ns + T e

Software 100 µs 100 µs a
Digital (TTL) 200 ns 50 ns
Single-Channel 300 ns 50 ns
Multi-Channel 2 * NC + 3 µs NC +2 µs b
Digital Pattern 300 ns 50 ns e
Pulse 300 ns 50 ns e

Pulse Trigger

In addition to the standard “single-channel” trigger-on-level functions, the WaveBook/516 system supports
pulse trigger. The connection is made via BNC connector located next to the Channel 8 BNC. With pulse
trigger, you can define both the amplitude and the duration of the pulse that will be used to trigger the
acquisition. Pulse trigger can be used to detect spurious transients that can be missed by simple level
triggers.

(WaveBook/516 Series Only)

Pulse Tri gger allows the use of a high­bandwidth input for triggering, and the
correlation of lower-speed waveforms with
the occurrence of a high-speed pulse. You
can set a pulse amplitude between ±5 V and
a pulse width in the range of
100 ns and 800 ms.

This option allows you to trigger on analog level “pulses” on either the Channel 1 input or the Pulse Trigger
input. This trigger type is similar to the Channel 1 Analog trigger but places an additional time-based
condition on the signal. Depending on whether the pulse width is set as a minimum or a maximum, the
signal either must or must not cross the threshold again within the given amount of time.

4-14 WaveBook Operation Reference

06-08-01

Pulse Trigger Selected

WaveBook User’s Manual

The red horizontal line (Threshold) and blue vertical lines (defining maximum width) will vary according to
the parameter settings. You can specify either one or two thresholds for the level and width settings. The
number of labels matches the number of thresholds and the placement follows the polarity.

•

For positive polarity, the text is “Rise Above... Stay Below.”

•

For negative polarity, the text is “Fall Below and Stay Above.”

Note: When used as a maximum, the pulse width setting can capture signal pulses.

As a minimum, it is useful for ignoring puls es.

Digital-Pattern Trigger

This type of trigger is useful when trying to capture noise, vibr ations or some othe r physical disturb ance
that occurs at a particular point in a digitally-sequenced process, such as a relay-logic-control system.

When “Digital Pattern” is selected as the Triggering Type, the 16-bit pattern extension appears (as indicated
in the following figure). The Condition box allows the following choices:

Equal To (=) / Not Equal To (< >) – T hese options treat each digital line as a separate input to be
compared to logical 1 or 0. Selecting “Equal To” triggers only on the exact pattern of 1’s and 0’s selected.,
while “Not Equal” triggers on all others. You can also set any of the inputs to “don’t care” (X), which
excludes it from the comparison.

Greater Than (>) / Less Than (<) – These options interpret the digital inputs as a single 16-bit value and
allow a threshold trigger.

(WaveBook/516 Series Only)

Acquisition Configuration Dialog Box, with Digital Pattern Extensions

External Clock and Counter-Timer

Note:

The Internal and External buttons located in the rate section of the screen (previous and following

(WaveBook/516 Series Only)

figures) are used to select Internal Clock or External Clock, respectively.

WaveBook/516 is capable of receiving external clock input. The external clock is useful when data
collection depends on rotational speed or axial position. By synchronizing the system with an external
event for correlation of data, you can collect event-dependent data instead of time-dependent data.

WaveBook/516 can receive an external clock input through pin 20 of the DB25 connect or labeled
DIGITAL I/O, EXTERNAL CLOCK, TTL TRIGGER. This enables data scanning to be correlated with an

external pulse train. To enable the external clock, select “External” for the Scanning Rate in the
Acquisition Configuration Dialog Box (see following screen shot). When the external clock is enabled,

WaveBook/516 begins a scan only after a rising edge on the TTL level occurs. Optionally, the external
clock may be divided [by a factor of 1 to 255]. This “pre-scaling” allows the user to select a reduced scan
rate.

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-08-01

WaveBook Operation Reference 4-15

Acquisition Configuration Dialog Box with External Clock Enabled

Note:

The Clock Divider can be set t o a

value from 1 to 255

The WaveBook/516 has a 32-bit
The counter can be read with each scan of the analog data. This is often beneficial in later analysis, when
there is a need to correlate physical phenomena with speed.

The counter channel actually consists of two independent channels (CtrLo and CtrHi). These can be turned
“On” in the Channel Configuration Spreadsheet. When enabled, the low (CtrLo), then high (CtrHi) words
of the counter will be configured in each scan. Note that the spreadsheet’s
view a predefined period in units of seconds, ms, or µsec.

WaveView can be configured to read only the low word of the counter data (CtrLo:“On,” CtrHi: “Off”).
This decreases the minimum scan period by 1 usec. This LoCtr only option can be used only when t he
external clock frequency is greater than 305 Hz (20,000,000 MHz / 65536]. Note that WaveView does not
enforce this.

Programmable Features

Channels can be configured through your own custom programs or through the include d out-of-the-box
WaveView software. WaveView includes a Channel Configuratio n screen (following figur e) that allows
you to turn channels ON or OFF, select cha nnel ranges, change cha nnel labels, and select engineering units.

Reference Note:

The WaveView chapter contains more detailed information. Individuals who write their own
programs should refer to the readme.txt file on the install CD-ROM regarding the location of
API reference material, including program examples.

internal counter

that calculates and reports the external clock’s period.

column can be used to

Units

Configuring Channels from Wa veView’ s Main Window

4-16 WaveBook Operation Reference

06-08-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

Selecting a Channel’s Range

You can use WaveView to select a channel’s range in one of two ways.
(1) Click in a channel’s Range cell, then select the desired range from the “Select Range” pull-down list.
(2) Continue to double-click in the applicable channel’s Range cell to cycle through the a vailable ranges.
Stop double-clicking when the desired range is indicated.

Selecting a Channel’s Units

You can use WaveView to select a channel’s units in one of two ways.

(1) Click in a channel’s Units cell, then select the desired units from the “Select Units” pull-down

list.

(2) Double-click in a channel’s Units cell to cycle through the uni ts. Note that a ft er the mX+b

dialog box appears you must click “OK” to continue c ycling.

Note: You can use the mX+b equation to adjust a channel’s scale and offset. You can enter user-defined

units from the mX+b dialog box. An example of using mx + b is provided below, and on the
following page.

After completing channel configuration, you can select the Acquisition Configuration option from
WaveView’s View menu or tool bar. The figure to the right represents the Acquisition Configuration dialog
box. The parameters shown are a result of the values entered below the figure.

Clicking the Close button sets the acquisition parameters as the active parameters.

Acquisition Configuration Dialo g Box

Triggering

Type: Manual

Scanning Duration

Convention: Scans
Pre-Trigger: 1000 scans
Post-Trigger: 5000 scans

mX +b, an Example

From the Customize Engineering Units dialog box
(see figure at right), you can enter values for m and b
components of the equation that will be applied to
the data. There is also an entry field that allows you
to enter a label for the new units that may result from
the mX+b calculation.

An example of mX + b equation use follows.

WaveBook User’s Manual

06-08-01

Scanning Rate

Clock: Internal
Convention: Frequency
Pre-Tri gger: 50 kHz
Post-Tri gger: 50 kHz

WaveBook Operation Reference 4-17

Engineering Units Conversion Using mx + b

Most of our data acquisition products allow the user to convert a raw signal input (for example, one that is
in volts) to a value that is in engineering units (for example, pressure in psi). The products accomplish this
by allowing the user to enter scale and offset numbers for each input channel, using the software associated
with the product. Then the software uses these numbers to convert the raw signals into engineering units
using the following “mx + b” equation:

Engineering Units = m(Raw Signal) + b (1)

The user must, however, determine the proper values of scale (m) and offset (b) for the application in
question. To do the calculation, the user needs to identify two known values: (1) the raw signal values, and
(2) the engineering units that correspond to the raw signal values. After this, the scale and offset parameters
can be calculated by solving two equat ions for the two unknowns. Thi s method is made clear by the
following example.

Example

An engineer has a pressure transducer that produces a voltage output of 10.5 volts when the measured
pressure is 3200 psi. The same transducer produces an output of 0.5 volt when the pressure is 0 psi.
Knowing these facts, m and b are calculated as follows.

A - Write a pair of equations, representing the two known points:

3200 = m(10.5) + b (2)

0 = m(0.5) + b (3)

B - Solve for m by first subtracting each element in equation (3) from equation (2):

3200 - 0 = m(10.5 – 0.5) + (b - b) (4)

Simplifying gives you:

This means:

C - Substitute the value for m into equation (3) to determine the value for b:

So

:

Now it is possible to rewrite the general equation (1) using the specific values for m and b that we just
determined:

3200 = m(10) (5)

m = 320 (6)

0 = 320 (0.5) + b (7)

b = - 160 (8)

Engineering Units = 320(Raw Signal) - 160 (9)

The user can then enter the values of m and b into the appropriate location using the facilities provided by
compatible data acquisition software, for example: WaveView, DaqView, Personal DaqView, LogView,
and TempView. The software uses equation (9) to calculate signal values in engineering units from that
point on.

4-18 WaveBook Operation Reference

06-08-01

WaveBook User’s Manual

WBK10, WBK10H, and WBK10A - Expansion Modules

Important Notice Regarding the WaveBook/516 and the WBK10A:

Cards for the WaveBook/516 and the WBK10A are installed at the factory per customer
order. Users are not to remove or install cards for these two products as the applicable
cards are not “plug-and-play” for these devices and erroneous signal values could result.
If you desire to remove or add a card to these products, contact your service representative.

Each WBK10 series module can be used to provide WaveBook with 8 additional differential-analog-inputs.
The modules are equipped with a programmable gain instrumentation amplifier (PGA) and, like the
WaveBook, each has a built-in expansion bus.

Up to eight WBK10 series modules can be cascaded together for a system capacity of 72 differential
channels. Each module is capable of supporting a WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 series option card.

: WBK10A can be ordered with a PGA, WBK11, WBK12, or WBK13 series card.

Note 1

: WBK10A provides the unipolar ranges of the WBK10, the bipolar ranges of the WBK10H, and

Note 2

one additional low voltage bipolar range. Specifications are included in this document module.

WBK10/10H, Block Diagram

WBK10 Series , 8-Channel Expansion Modules

05-16-01

WBK10, pg. 1

WBK10A Block Diagram

The front panel of each WBK10 series module has the following connectors and indicators:

Front Panel

1 Analog Common binding post for reference.

•

8 BNC connectors for analog inputs. Channels are labeled 1 through 8.

•

3 Status LEDs (Active, Ready, Power).

•

The rear panel of a WBK10 series module has a power switch and the following connectors:

Rear Panel

2 DIN5 connectors [one for Power In, one for Power Out]

•

1 HD-15M Expansion Control In

•

1 HD-15F Expansion Control Out

•

2 BNC connectors [one for analog Expansion Signal In, one for analog Expansion Signal Out]

•

WBK10, pg. 2

Reference Notes:

(1) Setup info rmation pertaini ng t o power, expansion control, a nd expansion signal c onnections

is contained in chapter 3 of the WaveBook User’s Manual.

(2) You will need to set several parameters so WaveView can best meet your application

requirements. For software setup information, refer to the “Software Setup” section in
chapter 3 of the WaveBook User’s Manual. For detailed WaveView information, refer to the
WaveView Document Module.

05-16-01

WBK10 Series , 8-Channel Expansion Modules

WBK10 and WBK10H – Specifications*

Channels: 8 differential
Connector: BNC
Accuracy (for WBK10 and WBK10H):

With WaveBook/516: ±0.03% of reading; ±0.008% of range
With WaveBook/512: ±0.04% of reading; ±0.01% of range
With WaveBook/512H: ±0.04% of reading; ±0.01% of range

Offset: ±1 LSB max
Maximum Overvoltage: 30 VDC
Sampling Rate: 1 MHz (1 µs)
Common mode rejection: >70 dB from 0 to 100 Hz
Ranges (WBK10): Unipolar/Bipolar operation is software selectable via sequencer

Unipolar: 0 to +10 V, 0 to +5 V, 0 to +2 V, 0 to +1 V
Bipolar: -5 to +5 V, -2.5 to +2.5 V, -1 to +1 V, -0.5 to +0.5 V

Ranges (WBK10H):

Unipolar (Note 1): 0 to +10 V, 0 to +4 V, 0 to +2 V

Bipolar: -10 to +10 V, -5 to +5 V, -2 to +2 V, -01 to +1 V

Input Current: 50 nA typical, 500 nA max
Input Impedance

Single-ended: 5 MΩ in parallel 30 pF
Differential: 10 MΩ in parallel 30 pF

Power:

WBK10: 0.30A max @ 15 VDC
WBK10H: 0.33A max @ 15 VDC

Dimensions: 220 mm wide × 285 mm long × 35 mm high (8.5” × 11” × 1.375”)
Weight: 1.3 kg (2.8 lb)

Environmental:

Gain Temperature Coefficient: 5 ppm/°C typical
Offset Temperature Coefficient: 12 uV/°C max
Operating Temperature: 0 to 50°C
Storage Temperature: 0 to 70°C
Humidity: 0 to 95% RH , non-condensing

Note 1: No unipolar range is available when WBK10H used with a WBK11, WBK12, or

WBK13 series option card.

Note 2: WBK10A specifications begin on page 4.

*Specifications are subject to change without notice.

WBK10 Series , 8-Channel Expansion Modules

05-16-01

WBK10, pg. 3

Wavebook/516 and WBK10A Specifications

Option Function Internal/External

WBK11A 8-Channel Simultaneous Sample and Hold Internal
WBK12A 8-Channel Programmable Low-pass Filter Internal
WBK13A 8-Channel Programmable Low-pass Filter with

Simultaneous Sample and Hold

WBK61, 62 High Voltage Adapters and Probes External

Internal

Analog Specifications

Channels:
Input Connector:

(WaveBook/516 stand alone, or WBK10A with a WaveBook/516):

8 differential, expandable up to 72 different i al

BNC, center conductor is Channel Hi, outer conductor is Channel Low

Input Voltage Ranges (DC Specifications):

Standard Unit With WBK11A

Voltage

Range

0 to +10V .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2.2 2.2
0 to +5V (10A)

0 to +4V (516)
0 to +2V .012% .012% 3 .012% .012% 3 .012% .012% 2.2 3

0 to +1V
(10A only)
0 to +.5V .018% .033% 6 .018% .033% 2.2 6

0 to +.2V .018% .08% 8 .018% .08% 2.2 12
0 to +.1V .018% .16% 15 .018% .16% 2.2 20

-10 to +10V .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2.2 2.2

-5 to +5V .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2 .012% .008% 2.2 2.2

-2 to +2V .012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2.2 3

-1 to +1V .018% .012% 3 .018% .012% 3 .018% .012% 2.2 3.3

-.5 to +.5V
(10A only)

-.2 to +.2V .018% .033% 8 .018% .033% 2.2 12

-.1 to +.1V .018% .08% 15 .018% .08% 2.2 20

-.05 to +.05V
(10A only)
Notes: 1. Specifications assume differential input scan, unf i l tered

2. Accuracy specif i cation is exclusive of noise.

3. Unipolar ranges unavailable for 516 with WBK11A, 12A, or 13A opt i ons installed. Available with WBK10A and any option.

4. Maximum limit is 1.3X typical.

Accuracy

One Year, 18-28

±

reading

.012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2 .012% .009% 2.2 2.2

.012% .018% 3 .012% .018% 3 .012% .018% 2.2 3

.018% .018% 5 .018% .018% 6 .018% .018% 2.2 6

(Note 2)

%

±

range

System Performance:

Input Noise

°C

%

LSB rms

DC-500KHz

(typical)

Note 4)

(

Accuracy

One Year, 18-28

±

reading

.018% .16% 26 .018% .16% 440

(Note 2)

%

±

range

one year, 18-28°C unless otherwise noted

Differential Nonlinearity:
Total Harmonic Distortion (10Hz-20KHz):
Signal to Noise and Distortion (SINAD, 10Hz-20KHz):
Temperature Coefficient of Accuracy (0-18 and 28-50°C):

With PGA and WBK11A:

With WBK12A/13A:
Input Resistance:
Bias Current:

Common Mode Rejection:
Input Bandwidth:

Hostile Channel-to-channel Crosstalk (5Vrms input signal , DC-100KHz):
Over-Voltage Protection:

<400 nA (0 to 35°C)

±2 LSB max

± (.002% + 1 LSB)/°C typical, -10 to +10V range

5MΩ (single ended); 10MΩ (differential), in parallel with 30pF

>70dB minimum ; >80dB typical; DC-20KHz

DC to 500KHz

±35 V relative to analog common

(Note 3)

Input Noise

LSB rms

DC-500KHz

°C

%

± (.002% + 0.6 LSB)/°C typical, -10 to +10V range

(typical)

-84dB typical

-74dB typical (-72dB with WBK10A)

With WBK12A/13A

Accuracy

One Year, 18-28

±

reading

(Note 2)

%

±

range

Input Noise

°C

1KHz

%

Filter

-88dB typical

(Note 3)

LSB rms

(typical)

Filter

Bypass

WBK10, pg. 4

05-16-01

WBK10 Series , 8-Channel Expansion Modules

PGA Filter

WBK11A Functions

WBK12A/13A Functions

Triggering

Filter Type:

Input Voltage Ranges:
Aperture Uncertainty (SSH):
Voltage Droop (SSH):

Input Voltage Ranges:
Low Pass Filter Type:
Anti-Aliasing Filters:
Low-Pass Filter Frequency Cutoff Range:

Filter Grouping:
Aperture Uncertainty (SSH):
Voltage Droop (SSH):

Channel 1 Analog Trigger

Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics and Protection:
Latency:

Multi-Channel Analog Trigger (up to 72 channels):

Range:
Latency:

20KHz low pass, Butterworth, 5-pole fi l ter

Software programmable prior to a s can sequence

75ps max

0.01mV/ms typical

Software programmable prior to a s can sequence

Software selectable, 8-Pole elliptic or linear phase

Single-pole pre and post filters, automatically s et depending on filter frequency selec ted

bypass (fc = 300KHz/N where N = 3 to 750)

4 Channels each in two programmable bank s

75ps max

0.01mV/ms typical

-10 to +10V
Same as channel inputs

300ns

Selectable per channel to input range

2us/channel, plus 4us maximum

100KHz, 75KHz, 60KHz…400Hz

TTL Trigge r:

Software Trigger

Pulse Trigger

External Clock

Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics:
Input Protection:
Latency:

Latency:

Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics:
Input Protection:
Minimum Pulse Width:
Latency:

Connector:
Input Signal Range:
Input Characteristics:
Input Protection:
Delay: 200ns
Signal Slew Rate Requirement:
Rate:
Divisor ratio:
Clock Counter Accuracy:
Clock Counter Range:

300ns

100us typical

300ns

Up to 1MHz

0-5V

TTL-compatible with 10K ohm pul l -up res i stor

Zener clamped –0.7 to +5V

0-5V

75 ohms

±

10V maximum

100ns

Available on DB25 digital input

5V TTL compatible

50K ohms pull up (to +5V) in parall el with 50pF

Zener clamped –0.7 to +5V

Divide by 1 through 255, selectable

<0.02% error

0.01Hz to 100KHz

20V/us minim um

WBK10 Series , 8-Channel Expansion Modules

05-16-01

WBK10, pg. 5

Sequencer

Operation:
Depth:
Channel-to-Channel Rate:
Maximum Repeat Rate:
Minimum Repeat Rate:
Expansion Channel Sample Rate:

Programmable for channel , gai n, and for unipolar/bipolar range in random order

128 location

1.0-1.1us/channel, all channels equal

1MHz

100 seconds per scan

Same as on-board channels

High-Speed Digital Inputs/General-Purpose Outputs

Connector:
Configuration:

Input Characteristics:
Output Characteristics:
Output Updates:
Input/Output Protection:

DB25 Female

16 TTL-compatible pins, selectable for input or output

TTL-compatible

ALS TTL output in series with 33 ohm s

Outputs may be changed via program control

Diode clamped to ground and +5V

General Specifications

Warm-up:
Environment:

Power Consumption:
Input Power Range:
Vibration:
Dimensions:
Weight:

30 minutes to rated specifications

Operating:
Storage:

MIL Std 810E, Category 1 and 10

220 deep X 285 wide X 45 mm high (8.5 X 11 X 1.75 inches)

1.5kg (3.3 lbs)

0-50°C, 0-95% RH (non-condensing)

-20 to 70°C

1.4A max @ 15VDC (WBK10A or 516 with WBK13A i nstalled)

10-30VDC

WBK10, pg. 6

05-16-01

WBK10 Series , 8-Channel Expansion Modules

WBK11 and WBK11A - Simultaneous Sample & Hold Cards

Description

An Important Notice for WaveBook/516 and WBK10A Users

:

Cards for the WaveBook/516 and the WBK10A are installed at the factory per customer
order. Users are not to remove or install cards for these two products as the applicable cards
are not “plug-and-play” for these devices and erroneous signal values could result.
If you desire to remove or add a card to these products, contact your service representative.

The WBK11 and WBK11A are simultaneous sample-and-hold cards (SSH) that provide a means of
obtaining concurrent (<150 ns) capture from up to 8 input channels. The cards virtually eliminate channel­to-channel time skewing. The cards are controlled by the system’s base WaveBook.

: The WBK11 and WBK11A cards are the same in function and specification, but have different

Note

methods of factory calibration. Because of this, only the name “WBK11” will be used from this
point forward.

The WBK11 can be installed inside a WaveBook or in a WBK10 series module; however, for
WaveBook/516 and WBK10A the cards must be installed by a qualified service representative (see the
important notice above).

When using a WaveBook with an SSH channel enabled, the per-channel sample rates are
reduced. The rate reduction is the same as that which would occur if another channel were
added. The per-channel rate (with SSH enabled) is:

1 MHz / (n+1)

, where n is the number of active channels.

The WBK11 SSH card can accommodate higher gains than the main unit because its gains are fixed for
each channel prior to the acquisition. You can use WaveView to set each channel to the ranges listed in the
specifications on page 2. All channels equipped with SSH circuitry are sampled simultaneously as a
system.

P10

mates

with

WaveBook

J10

One of 8 C ha nnels (Typical)

O ffset Ad ju s t

Diff. Amp.

+
PGA

-

Octal
DAC

SC I - Serial

Configuration Interface

Sample/

MUX

Hold

Buffer

Ampl ifier

P11

mates

with

WaveBook

J11

W BK 11 Block Diagram

WBK11 & WBK11A – SSH Cards

06-08-01

WBK11, pg. 1

Hardware Setup

Configuration

All WBK11 configurations are controlled by software. There are no hardware settings.

Installation

An Important Notice for WaveBook/516 and WBK10A Users

Cards for the WaveBook/516 and the WBK10A are installed at the factory per customer
order. Users are not to remove or install cards for these two products as the applicable cards
are not “plug-and-play” for these devices and erroneous signal values could result.
If you desire to remove or add a card to these products, contact your service representative.

The WBK11 connects to headers J10 and J11 in the base unit. The base unit can be a WaveBook/512,
WaveBook/512H, WaveBook/516, or a WBK10 series module. The jumpers located on J10 and J11
provide signal pass-through when the WBK11 is not installed.

Reference Notes:

(1) The installation procedure is detailed in chapter 3 of the WaveBook User’s Manual.
(2) For detailed WaveView information, refer to the WaveView Document Module.

WBK11 and WBK11A – Specifications

Name/Function:
Number of Channels
Connectors
Accuracy
Offset
Aperture Uncertainty
Voltage Droop
Maximum Signal Vol tage

: ±0.025% FS

: ±1 LSB max

WBK11, or WBK11A; 8-Channel Si multaneous Sample-and-Hold Card

: 8

: Internal to the WaveBook/512 (36-pin sockets mate with 36-pin connectors)

: 75 ps max

: 0.1 mV/ms max

: ±5.00 VDC (×1)

:

Input Voltage Ranges

Before a scan sequence begins, the input voltage ranges can be program med via software.
The ranges can be expanded as follows:

WaveBook/512 &

WBK10

Unipolar

Bipolar

-5 to +5 V

-2.5 to +2.5 V

-1 to +1 V

-0.5 to +0.5 V

-0.25 V to +0.25 V

-0.1 V to +0.1 V

-0.05 to +0.05 V

Programmable Gain Amplifier Gain Ranges
Weight

:

0 to +10 V
0 to +5 V
0 to +2 V
0 to +1 V
0 to +0.5 V
0 to +0.2 V
0 to +0.1 V

:

: 0.14 kg (0.3 lb)

:

WaveBook/512H &

WBK10H

Unipolar

Bipolar

-10 to +10 V

-5 to +5 V

-2 to +2 V

-1 to +1 V

-0.5 to +0.5 V

-0.2 to +0.2 V

-0.1 to +0.1 V

:

Unipolar does not apply to
WaveBook/512H or WBK10H

:

: ×1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100

WaveBook/516 &

WBK10A

Unipolar

0 to +10 V
0 to +5 V
0 to +2 V
0 to +1 V
0 to +0.5 V
0 to +0.2 V
0 to +0.1 V

Bipolar

-10 to +10 V

-5 to +5 V

-2 to +2 V

-1 to +1 V

-0.5 to +0.5 V

-0.2 to +0.2 V

-0.1 to +0.1 V

-.05 to + .05 V (WBK 10A only)

: (WBK10A Only)

Unipolar does not apply to
WaveBook/516

:

WBK11, pg. 2

06-08-01

WBK11 & WBK11A – SSH Cards

WBK12, WBK12A, WBK13, WBK13A -

Programmable Low-Pass Filter Cards

Description

An Important Notice for WaveBook/516 and WBK10A Users

Cards for the WaveBook/516 and the WBK10A are installed at the factory per customer
order. Users are not to remove or install cards for these two products as the applicable
cards are not “plug-and-play” for these devices and erroneous signal values could result.
If you desire to remove or add a card to these products, contact your service representative.

WBK12, WBK12A, WBK13, and WBK13A are 8-channel programmable low-pass filter cards for use with
1-MHz WaveBook data acquisition systems. These cards install directly into a WaveBook or WBK10
series module and provide programmable low-pass filtering over all channels. Multiple WBK12 series and
WBK13 series cards can be installed in one system for up to 72 channels. All of the cards’ low-pass filters
and cutoff frequencies are configured via software.

WBK13 and WBK13A cards have the additional capability of sampling all channels at the same time. If
more than one WBK13 series card is installed [within one system] all channels will be sampled within
100 ns of each other.

Features of the WBK12, WBK12A, WBK13, and WBK13A include:

•

Anti-Alias Low-Pass Filters.

the filter and cutoff frequency configurations are applied per bank. The cards’ filters can be configured
as either an 8-pole elliptic filter with cutoff frequencies of 400 Hz to 100 kHz, or an 8-pole linear­phase filter with 400 Hz to 50 kHz cutoff frequencies.

•

500 Khz Low Pass Filter.

The bypass option results in a 1-pole low-pass filter at approximately 500 kHz.

Each card provides 8 input channels, arranged in two 4-channel banks;

You can individually configure channels to bypass the programmable filter.

:

•

Cutoff Frequencies.

determined exactly by the formula
can configure any channel to bypass the programmable filter entirely, resulting in a 1-pole low-pass
filter at about 500 kHz.

•

Programmable-Gain Amplifiers.

software selected to various gains on a per channel basis. The gains are set prior to the beginning of an
acquisition sequence and cannot be changed during an acquisition. Note that WBK12/13 gain
specifications are provided in Chapter 12.

•

Simultaneous Sample-and-Hold (SSH) (W BK13 only).

WBK12, the WBK13 provides p e r channel SSH. Simultaneous sampling of all channels occurs at the
start of a scan sequence.

When using WaveBook with an SSH channel enabled, the per-channel sample rates are
reduced. The rate reduction is the same as that which would occur if another channel
were added. The per-channel rate (with SSH enabled) is:

1 MHz / (n+1)

The WBK12 and WBK13 provide 748 discrete cutoff frequencies that can be

Fc = 300 kHz/N;

The cards’ programmable-gain instrumentation amplifiers can be

, where n is the number of active channels.

where the integer

In addition to the filtering capability of the

N = 3 to 750

. Alternatively, you

Programmable Low-Pass Filter Cards

06-08-01

WBK12 and WBK13, pg. 1

Hardware Setup

Configuration

All WBK12 and WBK13 series configurations are controlled by software. There are no hardware settings.

WBK12 and WBK13 Block Diagram

WBK12A and WBK13A Block Diagram

Installation

The WBK12 and WBK13 series cards connect to headers J10 and J11 in the base unit. The base unit can be
a WaveBook/512, WaveBook/512H, WaveBook/516, or a WBK10 series module. The jumpers located on
J10 and J 11 provide signal pass-through when the option card is not installed.

Software Setup

WBK12 and WBK13, pg. 2

Reference Notes:

The installation procedure is detailed in chapter 3 of the WaveBook User’s Manual.

Reference Note:

For software setup information, refer to the “Software Setup” section in chapter 3 of the

WaveBook User’s Manual. For detailed WaveView information, refer to the WaveView
Document Module.

06-08-01

Programmable Low-Pass Fil t er Cards

WBK12 and WBK13 – Specifications

Name/Function:
WBK12, Programmable Low -P ass Fi lter Card
WBK13, Programmable Low -P ass Filter Card With

SSH
Number of Channels
Connector

(two 36-pin sockets mat e with 36-pi n connectors)

Programmable Gain Amplifier Ranges

×1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100

Switched Capacitor Filter Cutoff Frequencies Range

400 Hz to 100 kHz

Number of Cutoff Frequencies
Filter Grouping

banks

: Internal to WaveBook/512 and WB K 10

Low-Pass Filter

elliptic filter

Low-Pass Filter Type

elliptic or linear phase

Software Selectable Cutoff Frequencies

Octave (kHz) Number of Cutoff

0.400 to 0.780 512

0.780 to 1.570 256

1.57 to 3.15 128

3.15 to 6.3 64

6.3 to 12.5 32

12.5 to 25 16
25 to 50 8

50 to 100 5

: 8

:

: 1024

: 4 channels each in 2 programmable

: Software selectable, 8-pole

: Software selectable,

Frequencies

Low-Pass Filter Frequency Cutoff Range

100 kHz, 75 kHz, 60 kHz...400 Hz,

bypass defined as Fc = 300 kHz/N where N = 3 to 750

Anti-Alias Frequencies
Accuracy
Offset
Aperture Uncertainty
Voltage Droop
Maximum Signal Vol tage
THD

:

Noise
DC Offset
Number of Cutoff Frequencies Simultaneously Set

Weight

: ±0.05% FS DC

: ±1 LSB max

: 1 mV/ms max (0.01 mV/ms typ)

: -65 dB (-70 dB typ)

: 3 counts (RMS)

: ±2.5 mV (2 LSB) max at any cutof f frequency

two, one for each 4-channel bank of inputs

: 0.14 kg (0.3 lb)

: determined by software cont rol

: 75 ps max

: ±5.00 VDC (×1)

:

:

Input Voltage Ranges

Before a scan sequence begins, the input voltage ranges can be program med via software.
The ranges can be expanded as follows:

WaveBook/512 &

WBK10

Unipolar

Bipolar

-5 to +5 V

-2.5 to +2.5 V

-1 to +1 V

-0.5 to +0.5 V

-0.25 V to +0.25 V

-0.1 V to +0.1 V

-0.05 to +0.05 V

Programmable Gain Amplifier Gain Ranges

:

0 to +10 V
0 to +5 V
0 to +2 V
0 to +1 V
0 to +0.5 V
0 to +0.2 V
0 to +0.1 V

:

:

WaveBook/512H &

WBK10H

Unipolar

Bipolar

-10 to +10 V

-5 to +5 V

-2 to +2 V

-1 to +1 V

-0.5 to +0.5 V

-0.2 to +0.2 V

-0.1 to +0.1 V

:

Unipolar does not apply to
WaveBook/512H or WBK10H

:

: ×1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100

WaveBook/516 &

WBK10A

Unipolar

0 to +10 V
0 to +5 V
0 to +2 V
0 to +1 V
0 to +0.5 V
0 to +0.2 V
0 to +0.1 V

Bipolar

-10 to +10 V

-5 to +5 V

-2 to +2 V

-1 to +1 V

-0.5 to +0.5 V

-0.2 to +0.2 V

-0.1 to +0.1 V

-.05 to + .05 V (WBK 10A only)

: (WBK 10A only)

Unipolar does not apply to
WaveBook/516

:

Programmable Low-Pass Filter Cards

06-08-01

WBK12 and WBK13, pg. 3

Predicting Amplitude Loss

The following equations can b e used to predict the amplitude loss when passing a signal through either the
anti-alias or clock suppression filter.

Definition of equation terms:

Fin is the signal to be measured.
Falias is the cutoff frequency of the anti-alias filter.
Fclock is the cutoff frequency of the clock suppression filter.

1

1

1

Fin

Falias
1

Fin

Fclock

Err 20 log

Err 20 log

.

.

Total error, in dB, due to both filters is :

Etot 20 log

1

1

Falias

..

Fin

1

1

Fin

Fclock

As an example, with the switched capacitor filter set to 10,000 Hz. and the input frequency set to 6000 Hz.

Fin = 6000
Falias = 33554
Fclock = 14848
Total amplitude loss = sum of both errors = -2.188 dB.

1

1

1

33554

1

14848

1

6000

6000

1

6000

33554

1

1

Fx

Fp

..

..

1

6000

1

14848

1

Fx

1

Fc

E1 20 log

E1 0.71446
E2 20 log

E2 1.47396
E1 E2 2.18843

Etot 20 log

Etot 2.18843
Fx 1 2,8000
Fp 33554
Fc 14848

EFx( ) 20 log

.

=

.

=

=

=

..

WBK12 and WBK13, pg. 4

06-08-01

Programmable Low-Pass Fil t er Cards

0.25

0.5

0.75

1.25

0

1

EFx()

1.5

1.75

2

2.25

2.5

2.75

3

0 800 1600 2400 3200 4000 4800 5600 6400 7200 8000

Fx

WBK12A & WBK13A, Amplitude Lo ss in dB due to Anti-alias and Clock Filters

Input signal is swept from 1 to 8000 Hz
switched capacitor filter frequency = 8,000 Hz
anti-alias filter cutoff = 33.554 Hz
clock filter = 14,848 Hz

Programmable Low-Pass Filter Cards

06-08-01

WBK12 and WBK13, pg. 5

WBK12 and WBK13, pg. 6

06-08-01

Programmable Low-Pass Fil t er Cards

WBK14 - Dynamic Signal Input Module

Description…… 1

Current Source …… 2
High-Pass Filter (HPF) …… 2
Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) …… 2
Programmable Low-Pass Filter Phase Equalizer …… 3
Programmable Low-Pass Anti-Aliasing Filter…… 2
Simultaneous Sample and Hold…… 3
Excitation Source …… 3
Calibration …… 3

Hardware Setup …… 4

Configuration…… 4
Power…… 4
Assembly…… 4

Software Setup …… 5
Using Accelerometers with WBK14 …… 6

Overview …… 6
Accelerometer Specification Parameters …… 6
Electrical Grounding…… 8
Cable Driving…… 8

WBK14 – Specifications …… 9

Description

The WBK14 is a dynamic analog signal input module for the WaveBook data acquisition system. The
WBK14 provides a complete system to interface to piezoelectric transducers that include accelerometers,
microphones, force/pressure transducers, and others.

Reference Note:

Information regarding accelerometers begins on page 6 of this document module.

Each WBK14 channel has a:

•

current source for transducer biasing

•

high-pass filter

•

programmable gain amplifier

•

anti-aliasing low-pass filter

•

simultaneous sample-and-hold (SSH) amplifiers

The gain, filter cut-off frequencies and current biasing levels are software programmable.
WBK14 includes a built-in programmable excitation source. This source stimulates dynamic systems for

transfer function measurements, and serves as a reference signal for calibration.

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

06-08-01

WBK14, pg. 1

Current Source

WBK14 provides constant current to bias ICP transducers. Two current levels (2 mA or 4 mA) with
voltage complia nce of 27 V can b e selected via software. The bia s current is sourced through the center
conductor of a coaxial lead and returns to the WBK14 by the outer conductor. The output impedance is
larger than 1 MΩ and presents virtually no loading effect on the transducer’s output. For applications that
do not require bias, the current source can be removed from the BNC input by opening a relay contact.
The current sources are applied to (or removed from) the input in channel groups of two; i.e.,
channels 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8.

High-Pass Filters (HPF)

Each WBK14 channel has three High-Pass Filters (HPFs) with a 3-dB cut-off frequency (Fc). Two filters
are at 0.1 Hz and the other is 10 Hz. The 0.1-Hz HPF filters are single-pole RC filters. They are primarily
used to couple vibration signals. The 10-Hz HPF is a 2-pole Butterworth type that can be used to couple
acoustic signals or attenuate setup-induced low-frequency signals; since these can reduce the dynamic range
of the measurement (for example when using tape recorders as signal sources).

Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA)

The HPF removes the DC voltage from the input signal. A PGA amplifies the AC voltage with flat response
up to 500 kHz. Each channel has a PGA with 8 programmable gains (1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200) and
a software-controlled DAC for offset nulling. The WBK14 measures only bipolar signals up to 5 V peak.

WBK14 Block Diagram

Programmable Low-Pass Anti-Aliasing Filter

The first filter stage is a programmable 2-pole continuous-time low-pass filter. The filter provides more than
65 dB alias protection to the next filter stage. In addition, it fine-tunes the phase shift of the channel to
optimize the phase-matching between channels. At calibration, the phase shift of each channel is measured
and stored in an EEPROM that is read at configuration.

WBK14, pg. 2

06-08-01

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

Programmable Low-Pass Filter, Switch-Capacitor

Most of the signal alias rejection is performed by an 8-pole Butterworth filter. This filter is implemented
with a switch-capacitor network driven by a programmable clock (timebase control). Each channel has an
independent clock whose frequency determines the 3-dB cut-off frequency of the filter. The switch­capacitor filter provides no attenuation at the clock frequency—hence, the need for the continuous-time
low-pass filter.

Note: The Low-Pass Anti-Aliasing Filter can be bypassed to process signals with a bandwidth higher

than 100 kHz.

The External Clock input provides a path to externally control the cut-off frequency of the Low-Pass
Anti-Aliasing Filter. The input waveform can be TTL or sinusoidal, with an amplitude peak of at least
500 mV. In this mode, the cut-off frequency is set to the input frequency divided by 50.

Simultaneous Sample and Hold

All WBK14 channels are sampled simultaneously, after which the WaveBook measures each output at
1 µs/channel until all channels are digitized. The time-skew between sampling on all channels (up to 72)
is 150 ns, regardless of the number of WBK14s attached to the WaveBook.

When using WaveBook with an SSH channel enabled, the per-channel sample rates are
reduced. The rate reduction is the same as that which would occur if another channel
were added. The per-channel rate (with SSH enabled) is:

1 MHz / (n+1), where n is the number of active channels.

Excitation Source

The excitation source includes a sine/random waveform generator, a programmable gain amplifier (PGA), a
DC-level DAC, and a phase-lock loop (PLL). The PLL is used to synthesize the frequency of a fixed­amplitude sine wave and control the bandwidth of the random signals. The PGA conditions the signal
amplitude to a value between 0 V to 5 V peak. The DC level of the signal is varied independently of signal
amplitude by a software-controlled DAC from -5 V to +5 V. The DC level of the excitation signal can be
used to balance static loads, while the AC signal provides the dynamic excitation.

Calibration

WBK14 is calibrated digitally, eliminating the need for all potentiometers and manual adjustments.
WaveCal, a provided Windows-based program, simplifies the calibration process.

Reference Note:

The calibration program is detailed in the WaveCal Document Module.

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

06-08-01

WBK14, pg. 3

Hardware Setup

Configuration

All WBK14 c onfigurations are controlled by software. The WBK14 requires no hardware settings.

Power

Like the WaveBook, the WBK14 contains an internal power supply. The unit can be powered by an
included AC power adapter or from any 10 to 30 VDC source, such as a 12 V car battery. For portable or
field applications, the WBK14 and the WaveBook can be powered by the DBK30A rechargeable battery
module or the DBK34 uninterruptible power supply (UPS) / battery module.

&$87,21

If the following two conditions exist simultaneously:

•

operating WBK14s in a configuration of 4 or more modules

•

ambient temperature >40°C;

then you must mount the modules on their side (vertically) to facilitate air flow
through the side plates. Failure to due so could result in thermal-related problems.

Reference Notes:

(1) Setup info rmation pertaining t o power, expansion control, a nd expansion signal c onnections is
contained in Chapter 3, System Setup and Power Options.

(2) You will need to set several parameters so WaveView can best meet your application
requirements. For software setup information, refer to the “Software Setup” section in Chapter 3,
System Setup and Power Options. For detailed WaveView information, refer to the WaveView
document module.

Assembly

You must compute power consumption for your entire system and (if necessary) use
auxiliary or high-current power supplies.

Reference Note:

Refer to Chapter 3 , System Setup and Power Options for details regarding power.

Physically, the WBK14 is the same size as the WaveBook for convenient mounting. A fastener panel allows
multiple units to be stacked vertically. Screw-on handles are available for portable applications. For more
assembly information, see chapter 3.

WBK14, pg. 4

06-08-01

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

Software Setup

Depending on your application, you will need to set several software parameters. Proper settings will allow
WaveView to organize data to meet your requirements. Some items of importance to the WBK14 are the
low-pass and high-pass filter options that can be selected from the WaveView Configuration main window
and the excitation source parameters that can be chosen from the Module Configuration window. The
Module Configuration window can be accessed from the View pull-down menu or by use of the first toolbar
button (located just below the File pull-down menu).

Reference Note:

For more software setup information, refer to the “Software Setup” in chapter 3.
For detailed WaveView information, refer to the WaveView Document Module.

WaveView Configuration Window

In the WaveView Configuration main window (see figure) the following columns are
important in regard to filters.

LPF Mode – You can click on a cell in the LPF Mode column to make the cell “active,” and
then change its setting. Options for WBK14’s LPF Mode are:
(a) On – turns the Low-Pass Filter on

(b) External – selects an external filter
(c) Bypass – bypasses the low-pass filter

LPF Cutoff – the cells in this column are used to set the Low-Pass Filter cutoff frequency.
HPF Cutoff – the cells in this column are used to set the High-Pass Filter cutoff frequency.

For WBK14 applications, the Module
Configuration window allows you to set

the excitation source in regard to:

amplitude
offset
waveform (Sine, or Random)
frequency

The Module Configuration window can
be accessed from the View pull-down
menu or by use of the first toolbar button
(located just below the File pull-down
menu).

Module Configuration Window

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

06-08-01

WBK14, pg. 5

Using Accelerometers with WBK14

Overview

A low-impedance piezoelectric accelerometer consists of a piezoelectric crystal and an electronic amplifier.
When stretched or compressed, the two crystal surfaces develop a charge variation that is related to the
amount of stress, shock, or vibration on the crystal. The amplifier outputs a corresponding signal and
transforms the sensor’s high impedance to a lower output impedance of a few hundred ohms. No te that, in
addition to acceleration, these sensors can also measure pressure and force.

The circuit requires only two wires (coax or twisted pair) to transmit both power and signal. At low
impedance, the system is insensitive to external or “triboelectric” cable noise. Cable length does not affect
sensitivity.

The following figure shows a simple sensor-WBK 14 connectio n. The voltage developed a cross R is
applied to the gate of the MOSFET. The MOSFET is powered from a constant current source of 2 or 4 mA
and 27 volts.

Sen s or to WBK1 4

Coaxial Cable

MOSFET

Bias

Volta ge

Sensor

R

A c ce l e ro m e te r C irc u it

Crystal

The MOSFET circuit will bias off at approximately 12 V in the quiet state. As the system is excited,
voltage is developed across the crystal and applied to the gate of the MOSFET. This voltage will cause
linear variation in the impedance of the MOSFET and a proportional change in bias voltage. This voltage
change will be coupled to the W BK14 input amplifier through the capacitor C. The value of R and the
internal capacitance of the piezoelectric crystal control the low frequency corner. Units weighing only a
few grams can provide hi gh l evel outputs up to 1 V/g with response to frequencies b elow 1 Hz.

Accelerometer Specification Parameters

Noise in Accelerometers

The noise floor or resolution specifies lowest discernible amplitude (minimum “g”) that can be measured.
There are two main sources of noise as follows:

•

Noise from the crystal and microcircuit inside the accelerometer. Some types of crystals, such as

quartz, are inherently more noisy than others. A good noise floor is 10 to 20 µV.

-

+

30 VDC

Power

C

Constant
Current
(2 or 4 m A)

WBK14

Amp lifier

Inpu t

GND

•

Noise from electrical activity on the mounting surface. Since the signal from the accelerometer is a

voltage, 60 Hz or other voltages (ground loop, etc) can interfere with the signal. The best protection is
to electrically isolate the accelerometer.

Sensitivity

The sensitivity of an accelerometer is defined as its output voltage per unit input of motion. The unit of
motion used is “g.” One “g” is equal to the gravitational acceleration at the Earth’s surface, which is

32.2 ft/(sec)(sec) or 981 cm/(sec)(sec). The output is usually specified in millivolts per “g” (mV/g).
Sensitivity is usually specified under defined conditions such as frequency, testing levels, and temperature.

An example: 100 mV/g at a frequency of 100 Hz, level +1 g, at 72°F. Note that, a l t hough a sensor may
have a “typical” sensitivity of 100 mV/g, its actual sensitivity could range from 95 to 105 mV/g (when
checked under stated conditions). Manufacturers usually provide sensor calibration values.

WBK14, pg. 6

06-08-01

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

Transverse Sensitivity - An accelerometer is designed to have one major axis of sensitivity, usually
perpendicular to the base and co-linear with its major cylindrical axis. The output caused by the motion
perpendicular to the sensing axis is called transverse sensitivity. This value varies with angle and frequency
and typically is less than 5% of the basic sensitivity.

Base-Strain Sensitivity - An accelerometer’s base-strain sensitivity is the output caused by a deformation
of the base, due to bending in the mounting structure. In measurements on large structures with low natural
frequencies, significant bending may occur. Units with low base-strain sensitivity should be selected.
Inserting a washer (smaller in diameter than the accelerometer base) under the base reduces contact surface
area; and can substantially reduce the effects of base-strain. Note that this technique lowers the usable
upper frequency range.

Acoustic Sensitivity - High-level acoustic noise can induce outputs unrelated to vibration input. In general,
the effect diminishes as the accelerometer mass increases. Use of a light, foam-rubber boot may reduce this
effect.

Frequency Response

An accelerometer’s frequency response is the ratio of the sensitivity measured at frequency (f) to the basic
sensitivity measured at 100 Hz. This response is usually obtained at a constant acceleration level, typically
1 g or 10 g. Convention defines the usable range of an accelerometer as the frequency band in which the
sensitivity remains within 5% of the basic sensitivity. Measurements can be made outside these limits if
corrections are applied. Care should be taken at higher frequencies because mounting conditions greatly
affect the frequency range (see Mounting Effects, in upcoming text).

Dynamic Range

The dynamic measurement range is the ratio of the maximum signal (for a given distortion level) to the
minimum detectable signal (for a given signal-to-noise ratio). The dynamic range is determined by several
factors such as sensitivity, bias voltage level, power supply voltage, and noise floor.

Bias Level

Under normal operation, a bias voltage appears from the output signal lead to ground. There are two basic
MOSFET configurations commonly used. One exhibits a 7-8 V bias and the second a 9-12 V bias.
Operation of the two circuits is identical except for the available signal swing. The low-voltage version
typically exhibits 5 -10 µVrms versus 10 -20 µVrms for the high voltage.

Thermal Shock - Temperature Transients

Piezoelectric accelerometers exhibit a transient output that is a function of a temperature’s “rate-of-change.”
This “thermal shock” is usually expressed in g/°C and is related to:

•

Non-uniform mechanical stresses set up in the accelerometer structure.

•

A pyroelectric effect in piezoelectric materials—an electrical charge is produced by the
temperature gradient across the crystal.

This quasi-static effect produces a low-frequency voltage input to the MOSFET amplifier. This voltage is
usually well below the low-frequency corner, but the effect can reduce the peak clipping level and cause
loss of data. This effect does not affect the accelerometer’s basic sensitivity or the data unless the thermal
shift in the operation bias level results in clipping. Where drastic thermal shifts are expected, use 12 V bias
models. The effect’s severity is related to the mass of the accelerometer. In 100 mV/g industrial units, the
effect is usually negligible. Using rubber thermal boots can reduce the effect significantly.

Overload Recovery

Recovery time from clipping due to over-ranging is typically less than 1 ms. Recoveries from quasi-static
overloads that generate high DC bias shifts are controlled by the accelerometer input RC time constant that
is fixed during manufa cture.

Power Supply Effects

The nominal power supply voltage recommended by most manufacturers is 15 to 24 V. U ni ts may be used
with voltages up to 28 volts. Sensitivity variations caused by voltage change is typically 0.05%/volt.
Power supply ripple should be less than 1 mVrms.

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

06-08-01

WBK14, pg. 7

Connector







This parameter specifies the connector type and size (4-48, 6-40, 10-32 coaxial etc) and the location on the
sensor, that is, top or side (usually on the hex base). Where there is no connector on the sensor, an integral
cable is specified with the length and the connector, that is, integral 6-ft to 10-32.

Electrical Grounding

Case-Grounded Design

In case-grounded designs, the common lead on the internal impedance matching electronics is tied to the
accelerometer case. The accelerometer base/stud assembly forms the signal common and electrically
connects to the shell of the output connector. Case-grounded accelerometers are connected electrically to
any conductive surface on which they are mounted. When these units are used, take care to avoid errors
due to ground noise.

Isolated-Base Design

To prevent ground noise error many accelerometers have base-isolated design. The outer case/base of the
accelerometer is isolated electrically off ground by means of an isolation stud insert. The proprietary
material used to form the isolation provides strength and stiffness to preserve high-frequency performance.

Cable Driving

Operation over long cables is a concern with all types of sensors. Concerns involve cost, frequency
response, noise, ground loops, and distortion caused by insufficient current available to drive the cable
capacitance.

The cost of long cables can be reduced by coupling a short (1 m) adapter cable from the accelerometer to a
long low-cost cable like RG-58U or RG-62U with BNC connectors. Since cable failure tends to occur at
the accelerometer connection where the vibration is the greatest, only the short adapter cable would need
replacement.

Capacitive loading in long cables acts like a low-pass, second-order filter and can attenuate or amplify high­frequency signals depending on the output impedance of the accelerometer electronics. Generally this is not
a problem with low-frequency vibration (10 Hz to 2000 Hz). For measurements above 2000 Hz and cables
longer than 100 ft, the possibility of high-frequency amplification or attenuation should be considered.

The WBK14 constant-current source provides 2 or 4 mA to integral electronics. Use the higher current
setting for long cables, high peak voltages, and high signal frequencies.

The maximum frequency that can be transmitted over a given length of cable is a function of both the cable
capacitance and the ratio of the maximum peak signal voltage to the current available from the constant
current source:

Drive Current

(mA)

2 10 185 kHz 37 kHz
2 100 18.5 kHz 3.7 kHz
2 1000 1.85 kHz 370 Hz
4 10 550 kHz 110 kHz
4 100 55 kHz 11 kHz
4 1000 5.5 kHz 1.1 kHz

Cable Length

@30 pF/ft (Ft)

Frequency Response to 5% of

Maximum Output Signal Amplitude

± 1 V ± 5 V

Where:

f

K

V

π

2

C

Icc Ib=−

WBK14, pg. 8

f
K

and a factor to allow cable capacitance to charge to 95% of the fi nal charge.



C
V
Icc
Ib

= Maximum frequency in Hz
= 3.45 ×10

= Cable capacitance in picoFarads

= Maximum peak measured volt age f rom sensor in volts

= Constant current from current source in mA

= Current required to bias the internal electronics, typically 1 mA

9

. K is the scale factor to convert Farads to picoFarads and Amperes to milliAmperes

06-08-01

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

WBK14 – Specifications

Name/Function: WBK14, 8-Channel Dynamic Signal Conditioning Module
Connectors

Channels
Gain Ranges
Power Consumption:
Input Power Range:
Operating Temperature:
Storage Temperature:
Dimensions:
Weight:
ICP Current Source:
Output Impedance:

Compliance:

Current Levels:
Coupling :
10 Hz High-Pass Filter - Input Impedance:

0.1 Hz High-Pass Filter - Input Impedance:
Input Ranges:

Anti-Aliasing Low-Pass Filter:

Excitation Source:

Sine:

Frequency:
Distortion:
Amplitude:
Steps:

Random:

Spectral Distribution:
Amplitude Distribution:
Bandwidth:

RMS level:
External Clock:
Digital:

Sine:

: BNC connector, m at es with expansion signal input on the WaveBook/512;

two 15-pin connectors, mat e with expansion signal control on the WaveBook/512; signals vi a 1 B NC per channel

: 8

: ×1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200

15 Watts typical

10 to 30 VDC

0°C to 70°C

216 mm wide × 279 mm long × 35 mm high (8.5” × 11” × 1.375”)

1.32 kg (2.9 lb)

> 1.0 MΩ @ 20 kHz

27 V

2 & 4 mA

AC

±5.0 V, ±2.5 V, ±1.0 V, ±500 mV, ±250 mV, ±100 mV,
±50 mV, ±25 mV

Accuracy

Frequency Span:
Frequency Settings:

Dynamic Range @ 1 kHz:

THD @ 1 kHz
Amplitude Matching:
Phase Matching:

Max. Output Voltage:
Max. Output Current:
DC Output:

> 500 mV peak

: ±0.5 dB at the pass-band center

: 70 dB

± 5 V

20 Hz to 100 kHz

< 0.1%

± 5 V

256

20 Hz to 100 kHz

Adjustable in binary steps

TTL levels

0°C to 50°C

590K

10 M

30 Hz to 100 kHz

300 kHz / N; N = 3,4,...10000

69 dB

± 0.1 dB

± 2°

± 10 V

10 mA

White, Band-l i mited

Gaussian

Ω

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

06-08-01

WBK14, pg. 9

WBK14, pg. 10

06-08-01

WBK14, Dynamic Signal Input Module

WBK15 - 5B Isolated Signal-Conditioning Module

Description …… 1
Hardware Setup …… 2

Configuration …… 2
Connection …… 3
Power …… 4
Safety Concerns …… 4
Using Splice Plates to Stack Modules …… 4

Software Setup …… 5
WBK15 – Specifications …… 7

Description

The WBK15 module can accommodate eight 5B isolated-input signal-conditioning modules for use with the
WaveBook. The WaveBook can accommodate 8 WBK15s for a maximum of 64 expansion channels. The
WaveBook scans WBK15’s channels at the same 1 µs/channel rate that it scans all WBK analog inputs,
allowing it to measure all channels of a fully configured 72-channel system in 72 µs.

Other features of WBK15 include:

•

Built-in power supply that operates from 10 to 30 VDC and can power a full complement of 5B
modules (even with bridge excitation).

•

Removable, plug-in screw-terminal blocks fo r convenient connection of 5B modules.

•

On-board c old-junction sensing for thermoco uple 5B modules.

•

For each 5B module, 1500 V isolation from the system and from other channels.

C u rre n t-S en s e
Resistor

5.000 V

Bu ffered

5B

Low-

Module

Pass

Socket

Filter

#1

Input
Term inal
Block

Channel 1

Channels 2-8 identical

DC Power
In p u t &
Expansion

+V

Cold
Junction
Sensor

GND

DIN-5

Power
Switch

CH1
CH2
CH3
CH4
CH5
CH6
CH7
CH8

+15 V

Filters

Isolated
+5, ±15 VDC
Power
Supply

Channel
Selection
MUX

Internal Jumpers

-15 V
+5 V

W BK 15 Block Diagram

Reference

Bipolar
Offs et
Amp

Buffer
Amp

Control
DAC

µP &
Control Logic

EEPROM

Output
MUX

Status
LEDs

BNC

N

N

An alog
O utpu t to
WaveBook

Expansion
Control
From
WaveBook

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

05-17-01

WBK15, pg. 1

Hardware Setup

Configuration

The next figure shows the board layout within a WBK15. Note the channel-number layout for the 5B
modules and the location for plug-in current-sense resistors.

Only current-input type modules require the plug-in resistors.
The plug-in resistors must be removed for all other module types.

Rear P a nel

Front Panel - signal inputs from 8 channe ls

BNC

Expansion
Signal Out

CHANNEL 1

R10

ch 2

CHANNEL 2 CHANNEL 4

ch 1

BNC

Expansion

Signal In

R5

ch 1

ch 2

ch 4

DB15

Expansion

Control Out

CHANNEL 3

R16 R13

ch 3

DB15

Expansion

Control In

CHANNEL 5

R20

ch 6

ch 3

CHANNEL 6

ch 4 ch 5 ch 6

W BK 15 Board Layout

R18

DIN5

Power

Out

ch 8

ch 5

CHANNEL 7

R22

CHANNEL 8

ch 7

DIN5

Power

In

Fuse

R23

ch 8

Screw-terminal
Signal Plug

ON/OFF

Switch

ch 7

Status
LED s

WBK15, pg. 2

Installation of 5B Modules

:$51,1*

Electric shock hazard! Turn off power to WBK15 and all connected modules and
devices before inserting or removing modules. Failure to do so could lead to injury or
death due to electric shock.

&$87,21

Handle the 5B module carefully while inserting pins into the daug ht erboard. Do not
over-tighten mounting screw.

The 5B modules plug into a daughterboard ( ×2) on WBK15’s motherboard. Rubber bumpers on one side
and a tilted daughterboard allow the module to rest at a 5° angle to facilitate insertion and removal. The
adjacent daughterboard has a cut-a-way to allow room for a screwdriver (see figure).

05-17-01

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

Connection

Sc re w driv e r

5°angle to
facilitate installation

Rubb er Rest

5B Module

5B Module

WBK15 M ain Board

5B M odule Insertion/Removal

5B Pins
(×14)

Mounting Screw

Daughterboard

Screw
Receptacle

Pin (×14)
Rece ptacles

:$51,1*

Electric shock hazard! De-energize circuits connected to WBK15 before changing the
wiring or configuration. Failure to do so could lead to injury or death due to electric
shock.

Signals are connected by screw-terminal signal plugs that plug into the 4-pin jacks on WBK15’s front panel
(see figure).

-EXC

+EXC

-

+

-EXC Nega tive excitation output - only used on strain-gage type mo du les

- Neg a tive s ign al inpu t
+ Po sitive s ignal inp u t
+EXC Po s iti v e e x c i ta ti o n o utpu t - o n ly u se d o n s train-ga g e typ e modu les

Signal Connection Jacks (per channel)

Input signals (and excitation leads) must be wired to the plug-in terminal blocks. Eight 4-terminal blocks
accept up to 8 inputs.

Terminal blocks are connected internally to their corresponding signal conditioning module. The terminal
blocks accept up to 14-gage wire into quick-connect screw terminals. Each type of input signal or
transducer (such as a thermocouple or strain gage) should be wired to its terminal block as shown in the
figure below. Wiring is shown for RTDs, thermocouples, 20mA circuits, mV/V connections, and for full­and half-brid ge strain gages.

SIG H

SIG L

+Vin

-Vin-EXC

Thermocouple
Conn ection

+EXC

4-Wire

+

_

Fu ll-B ridge Stra in -Ga g e Connectio n

+EXC+Vin-V in-EXC

mV and V Connection

-Vin

+EXC+Vin-Vin-EXC

+Vin

3-Wire2-Wire

+Vin

-Vin-EXC

RTD C o nn ection

+EXC

Ha lf-B rid ge
Strain-Gage Conn ec tion

Typical Signal Connections

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

-Vin-EXC

05-17-01

+Vin

+EXC

-EXC

4-20 mA
Conn ection

+EXC

AC 1362

20 Ohm
Plug-In Resistor
(SC-AC-136 2)
On-Board Socket

WBK15, pg. 3

Power

Like the WaveBook, WBK15 contains an internal power supply. The unit can be powered by the included
AC power adapter or any 10 to 30 VDC source, such as a 12 V car battery. For portable or field
applications, WBK15 and the WaveBook can be powered by the DBK30A rechargeable battery module or
DBK34 vehicle UPS module. The supply input is fully isolated from the measurement system. If the fuse
requires replacement, it is a 2 A fuse (Littelfuse #251002).

Safety Concerns

WBK15 is specified for 1500 VDC isolation in a normal environment free from conductive pollutants and
condensation. The 1500 VDC rating requires a proper earth ground connection to the chassis and treatment
of adjacent inputs as potentially hazardous. CE-marked units used in the European community are rated at
600 VDC isolation. The 600 VDC CE isolation specification is based on a double insulation requirement,
and no earth ground is required.

Prior to daisy-chaining from one module’s power connector to another, be sure to
compute the power consumption for the entire system. Some modules may need
independent power adapters. Chapter 3 conta ins det ailed information regarding
power supply issues.

:$51,1*

Shock Hazard! Voltages above 50 Vrms AC and voltages above 100 VDC are
considered hazardous. Safety precautions are required when 5B modules are used in
situations that require high-voltage isolation from the rest of the system. Failure to
practice electrical safety precautions could lead to injury or death.

Input cables must be rated for the isolation potential in use. Line voltage ratings are much lower than the
DC isolation values specified due to transients that occur on power lines. Never open the lid unless all
inputs with potentially hazardous voltages are removed. The lid must be securely screwed on during use.

Some things to rememb er:

•

Before closing up an open WBK15, ensure no foreign objects are inside.

•

Properly tighten all chassis scr ews before system use.

•

Properly tighten the screw that retains the 5B module.

•

Never plug in or unplug potentially hazardous connections with power applied to any

connected equipment.

•

Never attempt to change 5B modules or open the lid with power applied to the WBK15. You

could short out internally exposed circuits and cause personal injury or equipment damage.

Reference Note:

Refer to chapter 3 for detailed information regarding power aspects of WaveBook systems.

Using Splice Plates to Stack Modules

For convenient mounting, the WBK15 has the same footprint as other WBK modules and WaveBooks.
Splice plates provide a means for stacking WaveBooks and modules. Screw-on handles are available for
portable applications. Refer to chapter 3 for assembly information.

WBK15, pg. 4

When using WBK17 modules in conjunction with other WBK modules, the WBK1 7
modules must be located closest to the WaveBook/516 due to the CA-217 cable length.
The order of the other WBK modules does not matter.

Splice plates will partially block the vents on WBK16s and WaveBook/516s when
stacked. This partial blocking of vents does not j e opardize the cooling process.

05-17-01

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

Software Setup

You will need to set several parameters so WaveView can best meet your application requirements.
For software setup information, refer to the "Software Setup" section in chapter 3. For detailed WaveView
information, refer to the WaveView Document Module.

After the 5B module type is identified, WaveView figures out the m and b (of the mx+b equation) for
proper engineering units scaling. An example of the mx + b equation follows shortly.

Reference Notes:

•

For software setup information, refer to “Software Setup” in chapter 3.

•

For detailed WaveView information, refer to the WaveView Document Module.

•

The API does not contain functions specific to WBK15. Refer to related material from the
Programmer’s Manual (p/n 1008-0901) as needed.

WaveView Configuration Main Window

mX +b, an Example

The Customize Engineering Units dialog box can be
accessed via the WaveView Configuration main
window by activating the Units cell [for the desired
channel], then clicking to select mX+b.

From the Customize Engineering Units dialog box
(see figure at right), you can enter values for m and b
components of the equation that will be applied to
the data. There is also an entry field that allows you
to enter a label for the new units that may result from
the mX+b calculation.

An example of mX + b equation use follows.

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

05-17-01

WBK15, pg. 5

Engineering Units Conversion Using mx + b

Most of our data acquisition products allow the user to convert a raw signal input (for example, one that is
in volts) to a value that is in engineering units (for example, pressure in psi). The products accomplish this
by allowing the user to enter scale and offset numbers for each input channel, using the software associated
with the product. Then the software uses these numbers to convert the raw signals into engineering units
using the following “mx + b” equation:

Engineering Units = m(Raw Signal) + b(1)

The user must, however, determine the proper values of scale (m) and offset (b) for the application in
question. To do the calculation, the user needs to identify two known values: (1) the raw signal values, and
(2) the engineering units that correspond to the raw signal values. After this, the scale and offset parameters
can be calculated by solving two equat ions for the two unknowns. Thi s method is made clear by the
following example.

Example

An engineer has a pressure transducer that produces a voltage output of 10.5 volts when the measured
pressure is 3200 psi. The same transducer produces an output of 0.5 volt when the pressure is 0 psi.
Knowing these facts, m and b are calculated as follows.

A - Write a pair of equations, representing the two known points:

3200 = m(10.5) + b (2)

0 = m(0.5) + b (3)

B - Solve for m by first subtracting each element in equation (3) from equation (2):

3200 - 0 = m(10.5 – 0.5) + (b - b)(4)

Simplifying gives you:

This means:

0 = 320 (0.5) + b (7)

So

m = 320 (6)

C - Substitute the value for m into equation (3) to determine the value for b:

b = - 160 (8)

:

Now it is possible to rewrite the general equation (1) using the specific values for m and b that we just
determined:

3200 = m(10) (5)

Engineering Units = 320(Raw Signal) - 160(9)

The user can then enter the values of m and b into the appropriate location using the facilities provided by
compatible data acquisition software, for example: WaveView, DaqView, Personal DaqView, LogView,
and TempView. The software uses equation (9) to calculate signal values in engineering units from that
point on.

WBK15, pg. 6

05-17-01

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

WBK15 – Specifications

Name/Function
Connectors

Module Capacity

Input Connections

Power Requirements

With 8 thermocouple-type modules

With 8 strain-gage-type modules
Cold-Junction Sensor
Shunt-Resistor Socket
Isolation

Signal Inputs to System

Input Channel-to-Channel

Power Supply to System
Dimensions
Weight

: 1.8 kg (4 lb) [with no modules installed]

: WBK15 Multi-Purpose Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

: 2 BNC connectors, mate with expansion signal input on the WaveBook/512;

two 15-pin connectors, mate with expansion signal control on the WaveBook/512

: Eight 5B modules (optional)

regard to the types of 5B Modules available for your application.

: Removable 4-terminal plugs (Weidmuller type BL4, PN 12593.6,

or type BLTOP4, PN 13360.6)

: 10 to 30 VDC, or 120 VAC with included adapter

: Standard per channel

: One per channel for current loop inputs

: 221 mm × 285 mm × 36 mm (8.5” × 11” × 1.375”)

See latest catalog or contact your sales representative in

: 12 VDC @ 0.25 A, 15 VDC @ 0.20 A, 18 VDC @ 0.2 A

: 12 VDC @ 0.95 A, 15 VDC @ 0.75 A, 18 VDC @ 0.65 A

: 1500 VDC (600 VDC for CE compliance)

: 1500 VDC (600 VDC for CE compliance)

: 50 VDC

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

05-17-01

WBK15, pg. 7

WBK15, pg. 8

05-17-01

WBK15, 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module

WBK16 - Strain-Gage Module

Description …… 1

Channel Selection …… 2
Excitation Source …… 2
Bridge Configuration …… 2
Amplifiers …… 2
Offset Source …… 2
Filters …… 2
Output Selection …… 2
Front & Rear Panels …… 3

Hardware Setup …… 3

Configuration …… 3
Connection …… 11
Using Splice Plates to Stack Modules …… 14

Software Setup …… 14
Using the Sensor Calibration Program in WaveView …… 15

Sensor Configuration Main Components …… 16
Sensor Configuration Toolbar and Pull-Down Menus …… 16
Calibration Parameters Tab Selected …… 18
Channel Values Tab Selected …… 20
Calibrating a Sensor Using the Sensor Calibration Program …… 21

Changing Low-Pass Filter Displays …… 23
WBK16 – Specifications …… 24
WBK16 – User Tips …… 25

Description

WBK16 is an 8-channel strain-gage signal-conditioning module for the WaveBook system. Up to eight
WBK16 modules (64 channels) can be accommodated by the WaveBook and scanned at 1 µs/channel.
Almost all bridge configurations are supported via a bridge-completion network and software. High-gain
differential-amplifier applications are also supported. Software controls bridge configuration, gain, offset,
excitation voltage, polarity, filtering, and the calibration process.

Refer to the following block diagram as needed while reading this section.

WBK16 Block Diagram

WBK16, Strain-Gage Module

06-08-01

WBK16, pg. 1

Channel Selection

The eight independent channels are routed to the Channel Selection MUX (multiplexer) for output to the
WaveBook through the Analog Interface. The Digital Interface contro ls the channel-scanning p r ocess and
allows digital configuration of all c hannels through the Wa veBook's Serial Control Bus.

Excitation Source

Excitation power is programmable from a dual source—channels 1 to 4 from one source and channels 5 to 8
from another source. Each channel has a separate regulator with a fold-back current limiter. Up to 85 mA is
provided at 10 V out, decreasing to 30 mA when shorted. This is sufficient current to operate 120 Ω gages
at any voltage. Programmable output voltages of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10 volts are available. Remote-sense
inputs are provided and should be connected at the strain gage for best accuracy. If they are not used, they
need to be jumpered to the excitation output at the connector. The remote-sense inputs are fully differential,
and may even be connected across the completion resistor to form a constant-current linearized
quarter-bridge configuration.

Bridge Configuration

The strain gage i s connected to t he amplifiers through the Bridge Completi on and Shunt Cal Network. This
network consists of user installed resistors for bridge completion. Several combinations of resistors and
three differe nt shunt values may be installed simultane ously. External conne ctor tie poi nt s and the
programmable Input Configuration & Cal MUX determine the actual configuration in use. Once the
network is fully configured, most bridge configurations and resistances can be accommodated without re­opening the box. The shunt resisto rs allow each bridge to be put into a known imbalance condition for
setting or verifying channel calibrat ion. Shunt calibr ation allows a full-scal e gain to be set without
physically loading the bridge. Hardware Setup, beginning on page 3 of this section, contains detailed
information. Page 11 of this WBK16 section discusses a DB9 Adapter option that provides a means of
easily setting up a b ridge configura tion.

Amplifiers

Each channel has an amplifier consisting of two series-connected stages. The instrumentation amplifier
(PGIA) has programmable gains of x1, x10, x100, and x1000. A programmable gain amplifier (PGA)
follows, with a gain range of 1 to 20 in 28% steps. This results in a combined programmable gain range
of 1 to 20,000 in 28% steps. The optimal gain is automatically determined during the gage calibration
process.

Offset Source

A low-drift, programmable offset voltage source with a range of ±3.0 V is used to balance the bridge during
the gage calibration process. This offset source will correct for mismatched bridge resistors and quiescent
loads of the strain gage and still retain the full dynamic range.

Auto-zero removes the static portion of the strain load and zeros the input to compensate for any input drift.
Because this is done electronically, zeroing is independent of the user. Simply select the channels that are to
be auto-zeroed and the WBK16 will complete the task automatically.

Filters

Two different 4-pole Butterworth low-pass noise rejec tion filters are selectable through software by the
Output Selection MUX. The filters have a nominal cutoff frequency of 10 Hz and 1 kHz. Four SIP resistor
networks allow you to determine two cutoff frequencies. See the Hardware Configuration section for
details. If full bandwidth is required, a filter bypass mode is software selectable.

Output Selection

An AC coupling circuit with a 1-Hz cutoff frequency can be software selected by the MUX. This MUX can
also select an Inverting Amplifier for proper o ut put signal polarity. The Inverter avoids having to rewire the
gage if the polarity is reversed. Note that the Inverter option is not available for AC-coupling modes.

WBK16, pg. 2

06-08-01

WBK16, Strain-Gage Module

Front & Rear Panels

WBK16’s front panel has the following connectors and indicators as shown:

The rear panel has the power switch and the following connectors as shown:

Hardware Setup

Configuration

The figure shows the WBK16 board layout for locating user-accessible components. You may need to refer
to this figure to locate components referenced in the text. The jumper positions are not user functions, and
are only shown for reference in case they are dislodged.

Expansion
Signal Out

•

8 DB-9 connectors for bridge input

•

3 LEDs to indicate system status (Active, Ready, Power)

•

2 5-pin DIN5 connectors for power input and power pass-through

•

1 DB-15M expansion control input connector

•

1 DB-15F expansion control output connector

•

2 BNC connectors for analog expansion in and out

Expansion
Signal In Expansion

Control Out

Expansion
Control In

Power Out

Power In

Power Switch

Fuse

ACTIVE
READY
POWER

Jump er
(De fault)

Lo w- Pa s s F ilter
SIP Resistor Bank
(2 per channel)

Jump er
(De fault)

Include d
CN-115
Header
(1 per channel)

BNC BNC

Filters

A B

CH1

RH

RA

DB9

CH1

DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9

CH2 CH3 CH4

DC/DC CONVERTER

Filters

A B

CH2

RH

RA

DB15

1

Filters

A B

RH

RA

Filters

A B

WB K16 Board Layout

DB15

1

FAN

Reserved for
fu tu re options

Filters

A B

CH5CH3 CH7

RH

RA

CH5

Filters

A B

CH6CH4 CH8

RH

RA

CH6

DC/DC CONVERTER

DC/DC CONVERTER

Filters

A B

RH

RA

CH7

RH

RA

DB9

CH8

Filters

A B

RH

RA

LEDs

- Act ive

- Re a d y

- Po wer

Configuration o ptions on WBK 16 include:

•

Customization of low-pass filter frequencies using resistor networks

•

Bridge completion resistor installation

•

Shunt calibration resistor installati on

WBK16, Strain-Gage Module

06-08-01

WBK16, pg. 3

&$87,21

Be careful to avoid component damage while WBK16 enclosure is open. Always
remove bridge completion headers (CN-115) from the unit before soldering resistors
in the headers.

WBK16 Fan

A fan draws air through e nclosure vents and exhausts it through the bottom of the
WBK16. To maintain sufficient cooling, it is important to keep the fan and vents free
of obstruction.

Note: The partial blocking of vents by splice plates (in stacked assemblies) does not

jeopardize unit cooling.

Bridge Applications

WBK16 can accommodate many different strain-gage configurations. All strain-gage bridge configurations
consist of a 4-element network of resistors. The quarter, half or full designation of a strain gage refe rs to
how many elements in the bridge are strain-variable. A quarter-bridge has 1 strain-variable element; a half­bridge has 2 strain-variable elements; and a full-bridge has 4 strain-variable elements.

Full-bridges generally have the highest output and best performance. Output signal polarity is determined
by whether the strain-variable resistance increases or decreases with load, where it is located in the bridge,
and how the amplifier inputs connect to it. Configuration polarity is not important in WBK16, due to an
internal software-selected inversion stage. This simplifies bridge configuration.

Each WBK1 6 channel has loca t ions for five bri dge-completion r esistors. The s e BCR’s are for use with
quarter and half-bridge strain gages. The resistors make up the fixed values necessary to complete the
4-element bridge design.

A full-bridge gage requires no internal completion resistors, but they may still be installed for other
configurations in use. The additional resistors will be ignored when the software has selected full-bridge
mode. Both quarter- and half-bridge gages require an internal half-bridge consisting of header positions Rg
and Rh. The recommended minimum values are 0.1%, <5 PPM/°C drift, 1 KΩ, and 0.25-watt resistors.
Lower values will dissipate more power and add heat. Values >1KΩ will increase the amount of drift and
noise. The same value half-bridge resistors can be used for any resistance strain gage. This internal half­bridge will be automatically selected by the software when needed.

Internal 1 MΩ shunt resistors are used to avoid open circuits.
These resistors are not suitable for high-accuracy/low-noise applications.

A quarter-bridge gage additionally requires a resistor of equal value
to itself. Up to 3 different values may be installed simultaneously in
header positions Ra, Rc, Re. All of these resistors are connected to
the (-) excitation terminal. An external jumper at the input
connector determines which resistor is utilized. Therefore, 3
different quarter-bridge values can be supported without opening
the enclosure. Each different value bridge would simply have the
jumper in a di fferent locati on; when the gage is plugged in, the
proper resistor is then already selected. Configurations with the
completion resistor on the (+) excitation are redundant, due to the
internal inversion stage, and not used.

The brid ge-configuration figures in the following text show various strain-ga ge configuratio ns divided into
4 groups: Full-bridge, half-bridge, quarter-bridge, and high-gain volt meter. Many of these configurations
can coexist but are shown individually for clarity.

WBK16, pg. 4

06-08-01

WBK16, Strain-Gage Module

Excitation Connection

Remote sense inputs are provided for the excitation regulators. The excitation voltage will be most accurate
at points where remote sense lines are connected—preferably at the bridge (this is often referred to as a
6-wire connection). Long cables will reduce the voltage at the bridge, due to current flow and wire
resistance, if remote sense is not used. If the 6-wire approach is not used, the remote sense inputs must be
jumpered to the excitation outputs at the input connector. Internal 1 MΩ resistors are also connected where
the jumpers would be located to prevent circuit discontinuities. These 1 MΩ resistors are not suitable for
high-accuracy excitation-voltage regulation. 3-wire quarter-bridge configurations do not benefit from
external remote sense connections—the lead resistance is actually a balanced part of the bridge. If the
+ remote sense input is connected to the + input on a quarter-bridge, the voltage is regulated across the
bridge completion resistor. This results in a constant-current linearized quarter-bridge; otherwise,
quarter-bridges are not perfectly linear.

Shunt-Calibration Resistors. WBK16 pro vides three physical locations for internal shunt-calibration
resistors for each channel. Each shunt resistor is switched in from the EXCITATION (-) to the IN (+) of the
Instrumentation Amp by a FET switch to create a repeatable bridge imbalance. Internal resistance of the
circuit is about 1 k

Ω;

the exact amount is automatically accounted for in the software. The software also
allows selection of the three shunt resistors ( B, D, F ). An internal i nversion stage insures correct polarity
during the shunt calibration process; which arm is shunted is therefore irrelevant. Header positions Rb, Rd,
Rf correspond to the software shunt resistor selections of B , D, F.

For any balanced bridge, a resistance value can be placed in parallel with one element to create a
predicta ble imbalance a nd output voltage. This shunt-re s istance value ca n be calculate d by the following
equation, where V

is the differential output voltage of the gage.

out

Example:

R

= R

R

Shunt

Shunt

Bridge Arm

= 350 [ ( 10 / 4(0.020)) - 0.5 ] = 43,575

[ ( V

Excitation

/ 4 (V

)) - 0.5 ]

out

Ω

&$87,21

Be careful to avoid component damage while WBK16 enclosure is open. Always
remove bridge completion headers (adapter plugs) from the unit before soldering
resistors in the headers.

Configuring the Bridge Com pletion Resistor Modules. For each channel, the
board has a 2×8 resistor socket with rows designated A through H. The
removable adapter plugs are included for soldering in the resistors. Additional
adapter plugs are available for convenient changeover of alternate configurations.
Resistor Ra is located nearest the front panel.

•

Half-bridge completion resistors consist of Rg and Rh.

•

Quarter-bridge completion resistors consist of Ra, Rc, and Re.

•

Shunt resistors consist of Rb, Rd, and Rf.

Inserting resistors directly into the socket makes an unreliable connection and is not
recommended. Solder resistors to the adapter plug as shown. Remove the plug
from the main board. To avoid damaging the pin alignment on the plug, solder
with minimal heat. After soldering, the resistor leads should be snipped off close
to the support.

Solder resistor lead
into support fork.

WBK16, Strain-Gage Module

06-08-01

Soldering Resistors to

Adapter Plug

WBK16, pg. 5

Low-Pass Filter Customization

WBK16 has 68 kΩ 4-resistor SIP networks installed from the factory. These networks result in a 10.9 Hz
cutoff for filter A and a 1.09 kHz cutoff for filter B. The 4-resistor SIP networks are socketed and can be
altered to the range of values in the table below. Individual resistors may also be used but should be
matched within 2%. Cutoff frequency accuracy is about ±5%.

If you change the filter nominal values, be sure to update the filter cut off frequencies in
the WaveView software. This is discussed in the section, WaveBook Advanced Features,
on page 23 of this WBK16 section.

Resistor Filter A Resistor Filter B

Ω

330 k

Ω

450 k

Ω

120 k

Ω

100 k

Ω

82 k

Ω

68 k

Ω

47 k

Ω

33 k

Ω

22 k

Ω

15 k

Ω

10 k

Ω

8.2 k

Ω

6.8 k

Ω

4.7 k

Ω

3.3 k

3 to 330 k

2.20 Hz

4.95 Hz

3.37 Hz

7.42 Hz

9.05 Hz

10.9 Hz

15.8 Hz

22.5 Hz

33.7 Hz

49.5 Hz

74.2 Hz

90.5 Hz
109 Hz
158 Hz
225 Hz

Ω

R=742K/f

cut

Ω

330 k

Ω

450 k

Ω

120 k

Ω

100 k

Ω

82 k

Ω

68 k

Ω

47 k

Ω

33 k

Ω

22 k

Ω

15 k

Ω

10 k

Ω

8.2 k

Ω

6.8 k

Ω

4.7 k

Ω

3.3 k

3 to 330 k

Ω

225 Hz
495 Hz
337 Hz
742 Hz
905 Hz

1.09 kHz

1.57 kHz

2.25 kHz

3.37 kHz

4.95 kHz

7.42 kHz

9.05 kHz

10.9 kHz

15.8 kHz

22.5 kHz

R=74.2M/f

cut

Lower frequency filters, such as the 10-Hz filter provided, are generally used to reduce higher frequency
noise. Some common sources of noise are: 50/60 Hz power line pickup on long cables, electromagnetic
interference (EMI) from nearby equipment, unwanted vibrations in the strain gage system itself, or at higher
gains, the intrinsic thermal noise of the amplifiers. All information above the cutoff will also be lost due to
the filter’s function.

The 1-kHz filter provided is typically used as an anti-aliasing filter, or for slight noise reduction while still
maintaining moderate bandwidth.

Reference Notes:

(1) Schematics of various bridge configurations can be found on WBK16 pages 7 t hrough 10.
(2) DB9 connector information, including use of the optional CN-189 adapter, is located on
page 11 of this WBK16 section.

WBK16, pg. 6

06-08-01

WBK16, Strain-Gage Module