N-Tron NT24k User Manual
NT24k
Managed Industrial
Ethernet Switch
User Manual &
Installation
Guide
(Revised 8-5-2013)
NT24k Industrial Ethernet Switch Installation Guide ...................................................................................... 4
NT24k Series Common Features ...................................................................................................................... 5
NT24k Rack Mount ................................................................................................................................................................... 8
NT24k-DR24........................................................................................................................................................................... 10
NT24k-DR16........................................................................................................................................................................... 12
NT24k Industrial Ethernet Switch Accessories .............................................................................................. 14
SAFETY WARNINGS .............................................................................................................................................. 16
Installation .................................................................................................................................................................. 18
Connecting the Unit ................................................................................................................................................... 22
Overview of Advanced Features ................................................................................................................................ 26
Mode of Operation .................................................................................................................................................................. 26
Port Mirroring ......................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Port Trunking .......................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Quality of Service (QoS) ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Virtual LAN ............................................................................................................................................................................ 27
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ................................................................................................................................................ 28
SNMP Traps ............................................................................................................................................................................ 28
IGMP Snooping ...................................................................................................................................................................... 28
N-Ring ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
N-Link ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
CIP .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
PPP .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Telnet ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
DHCP Client ........................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Web Software Configuration ..................................................................................................................................... 32
Web Management ................................................................................................................................................................... 32
Web Management – Product Information Page ...................................................................................................................... 33
Web Management – Menu Structure ....................................................................................................................................... 35
Configuration Page .................................................................................................................................................................. 36
Fault Page ................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................ 37
File Transfer Page ................................................................................................................................................................... 39
System Page ............................................................................................................................................................................ 42
User Management ................................................................................................................................................................... 44
Adding Users ...................................................................................................................................................................... 44
Bridging – Aging Time ........................................................................................................................................................... 46
Bridging – Multicast Addresses .............................................................................................................................................. 47
Bridging – Unicast Addresses ................................................................................................................................................. 49
CIP – Configuration ................................................................................................................................................................ 51
CIP – Status ............................................................................................................................................................................. 52
CIP – EIP Indicators ................................................................................................................................ ................................ 53
IGMP – Configuration ............................................................................................................................................................ 54
IGMP – Groups ....................................................................................................................................................................... 58
IGMP – RFilter Ports .............................................................................................................................................................. 59
IGMP – Routers ...................................................................................................................................................................... 61
N-Ring – Configuration – Basic .............................................................................................................................................. 62
N-Ring – Configuration – Port Sets ........................................................................................................................................ 64
N-Ring – Configuration – Advanced ...................................................................................................................................... 66
N-Ring – Status ....................................................................................................................................................................... 68
N-Link – Configuration – Basic .............................................................................................................................................. 71
N-Link – Configuration – Advanced ....................................................................................................................................... 75
N-Link – Status ....................................................................................................................................................................... 76
N-View – Configuration .......................................................................................................................................................... 81
N-View – Ports ................................................................................................ ................................ ........................................ 82
Ports – Configuration .............................................................................................................................................................. 84
Ports – Mirroring ..................................................................................................................................................................... 86
Ports – QOS............................................................................................................................................................................. 87
Ports – Rate Limiting .............................................................................................................................................................. 89
Ports – Status – Statistics ........................................................................................................................................................ 91
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Ports – Status – Utilization ...................................................................................................................................................... 92
Ports – Trunking ...................................................................................................................................................................... 93
Ports – PPP .............................................................................................................................................................................. 96
RSTP – Bridge ........................................................................................................................................................................ 97
RSTP – Ports ......................................................................................................................................................................... 101
SNMP – Configuration.......................................................................................................................................................... 103
SNMP – Trap Stations........................................................................................................................................................... 104
VLAN .................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
Help – Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 111
Help – Other .......................................................................................................................................................................... 113
Appendix A – XML Configuration File – Factory Defaults......................................................................... 117
N-TRON Limited Warranty .......................................................................................................................... 140
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NT24k Industrial Ethernet Switch Installation Guide
The NT24k is available in three configurations and this document addresses all three:
NT24k Rack Mount:
NT24k-DR24:
NT24k-DR16:
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NT24k Series Common Features
The NT24k are modular managed switches designed for factory automation, utilities, security surveillance,
SCADA and other industrial applications.
The versatile N-Tron® NT24k Managed Industrial Ethernet Switches feature connectivity for up to 24
Gigabit (16 for the NT24k-DR16) ports and offer a wide range of connectivity options—including 100Base,
Gigabit, fiber optic and copper options—in rugged Rack Mount or DIN-rail enclosures. Designed to handle
the most demanding environments, the NT24k Switches deliver wire-speed throughput and include
expanded shock and vibration tolerances, extreme operating temperature range and two or three slots to
accommodate mix-and-match port modules. N-Ring™ technology restores network communication within
~30ms of fault detection. Robust remote monitoring capabilities make management easy.
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NT24k Series Common Features, Continued …
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NT24k Series Common Features, Continued …
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NT24k Rack Mount
The N-Tron® NT24k Rack Mounted Managed Industrial Ethernet Switch features connectivity for up to 24
Gigabit ports in a rugged 1U 19” rackmount enclosure. Designed to handle the most demanding
environments, the NT24k includes dual power inputs, extreme operating temperature range and three slots
to accommodate mix-and-match port modules.
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NT24k Rack Mount, Continued …
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NT24k-DR24
The NT24k-DR24 Managed Industrial Ethernet Switch features connectivity for up to 24 Gigabit ports in a
rugged DIN-rail enclosure.
\
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NT24k-DR24,Continued…
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NT24k-DR16
The N-Tron® NT24k-DR16 Managed Industrial Ethernet Switch features connectivity for up to 16 Gigabit
ports in a rugged DIN rail enclosure.
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NT24k-DR16, Continued …
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NTCD-CFG
Configuration Device
Ideal for saving, or restoring switch
configuration parameters quickly without
the need for a computer or software. One
configuration device per switch is
recommended.
NT24k Industrial Ethernet Switch Accessories
The SD and USB connectors are for temporary connection only. Do not use, connect, or disconnect unless
the area is known to be non-hazardous. Connection or disconnection in an explosive atmosphere could result
in an explosion.
The configuration device is inserted in the back of the NT24k:
The unit could be configured with multiple power supply configuration.
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Copyright, © N-Tron Corporation, 2010-2013
3101 International Dr. Bldg. 6
Mobile, AL 36606-3010
All rights reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission from N-Tron
Corporation is prohibited, except as allowed under copyright laws.
Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation. All other product names, company names, logos
or other designations mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective owners.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. N-Tron Corporation makes
no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall N-Tron Corporation be liable for any
incidental, special, indirect or consequential damages whatsoever included but not limited to lost profits
arising out of errors or omissions in this manual or the information contained herein.
Warning
Do not perform any services on the unit unless qualified to do so. Do not substitute unauthorized parts or
make unauthorized modifications to the unit.
Do not operate the unit with the top cover removed, as this could create a shock or fire hazard.
Do not block the air vents on the sides or the top of the unit.
Do not operate the equipment in the presence of flammable gasses or fumes. Operating electrical equipment
in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard.
Do not operate the equipment in a manner not specified by this manual.
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SAFETY WARNINGS
GENERAL SAFETY WARNINGS
WARNING: If the equipment is used in the manner not specified by N-Tron Corp., the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired.
LASER SAFETY (Options - NTSFP-FX, NTSFP-FXE, NTSFP-SX, NTSFP-LX)
CAUTION: CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT. Do not stare into the laser!
Contact Information
N-Tron Corporation
3101 International Dr. Bldg. 6
Mobile, AL 36606-3010
TEL: (251) 342-2164
FAX: (251) 342-6353
WEBSITE: www.n-tron.com
E-MAIL: N-TRON_Support@n-tron.com
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
WARNING: The unit may become very hot to the touch in high temperature environments, so extreme
caution should be exercised in handling when energized. The unit should be disconnected from power and
allowed to cool for approximately 5 minutes before touching in high temperature applications.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
WARNING: Do not remove the top cover.
WARNING: Do not operate the unit with the any cover removed.
WARNING: Properly ground the unit before connecting anything else to the unit. Units not properly
grounded may result in a safety risk and could be hazardous and may void the warranty. See the grounding
technique section of this user manual for proper ways to ground the unit.
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WARNING: Do not work on equipment or cables during periods of lightning activity.
WARNING: Do not perform any services on the unit unless qualified to do so.
WARNING: Do not block the air vents.
WARNING: Observe proper DC Voltage polarity when installing power input cables. Reversing voltage
polarity can cause permanent damage to the unit and void the warranty.
Hazardous Location Installation Requirements
1. This equipment is suitable for use in Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C, and D or non-hazardous
locations only.
2. WARNING: Explosion Hazard – Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class I,
Div. 2.
3. WARNING: Explosion Hazard - do not disconnect while circuit is live, unless area is known to be
non-hazardous.
4. WARNING: Explosion Hazard – do not replace the device unless power has been switched off or
the area is known to be non-hazardous.
5. Surrounding Air Temperature: Rack Mount: -40˚C - 85˚C
Surrounding Air Temperature: DIN Rail 24 and 16: -40˚C - 75˚C
6. NT24k must be powered by a Class 2 source evaluated to UL1310 only.
7. Use 105°C or higher rated Copper wire, (0.22Nm) 2lb/in Tightening torque for field installed
conductors.
8. WARNING: Exposure to some chemicals may degrade the sealing properties of materials used in
the following devices and should be periodically inspected for any degradation and replaced as
necessary; Relay by Panasonic, Part No. TX2SS-3V, or Omron, part G6S2FDC3.
(Revised 8-5-2013) NT24k Managed Industrial Ethernet Switch User Manual & Installation Guide Page 17 of 140
Please make sure the NT24k Ethernet Switch package contains the following items:
1. NT24k Switch
2. Product CD
Contact your carrier if any items are damaged.
Installation
Read the following warning before beginning the installation:
WARNING
Never install or work on electrical equipment or cabling during periods of lightning activity. Never connect
or disconnect power when hazardous gasses are present.
Disconnect the power cable before removing any enclosure panel.
UNPACKING
Remove all the equipment from the packaging, and store the packaging in a safe place. File any damage
claims with the carrier.
CLEANING
Clean only with a damp cloth.
RACK AND PANEL MOUNTING
The NT24k comes configured with standard rack mount brackets which may be used to mount our
products to standard 19" racks. As an alternative we offer our NT24k Panel Mount Assembly (P/N:
NT24k-PM) which may be used to securely mount the NT24k products to a panel or other flat surface.
A clearance of 1 inch should be observed on the sides, back, top and bottom to allow proper ventilation.
Also a cable bend radius of 4 inches should be observed for the front and back side of the unit.
(Revised 8-5-2013) NT24k Managed Industrial Ethernet Switch User Manual & Installation Guide Page 18 of 140
SFP
Transceiver
Maximum
Capacity per
switch
Module Required
NTSFP-TX
Up to 16
NT24k-SFP8 or NT24k-DM8
NTSFP-FX
Up to 24
NT24k-DM8
NTSFP-SX
Up to 24
NT24k-SFP8 or NT24k-DM8
NTSFP-LX
Up to 24
NT24k-SFP8 or NT24k-DM8
LED
Color
Description
GREEN
Power is ON
RED
Power is ON and a fault condition exists
OFF
Power is OFF
LNK
GREEN
10/100/1000Mb Link between ports
OFF
No Link between ports
ACT
GREEN
Data is active between ports. Activity light blink rate indicates activity, not
necessarily the volume of activity.
OFF
Data is inactive between ports
The front of an NT24k with the module slots identified:
The front of an NT24k populated with modules:
From Left to Right:
RJ45 Ports TX8 Module in slot A: Auto Sensing 10/100/1000 Base-TX Connections
Fiber Ports FX8 ST Module in Slot B: Eight of 100 based fiber ports
SFP8 Eight of SFP ports
Lower Left LED lights when Power is supplied to unit.
NOTE: The RJ45 data ports have two LEDs located on each connector. The left LED indicates LINK
status, and the right LED indicates ACTIVITY.
LEDs: The table below describes the operating modes:
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Input AC 115/230V
Output DC 24-28V
Output Current 1.5A @ 24V
1.0A @ 28V
Power 36W
35 mm DIN-Rail Mountable
Dimensions: 45X75X91 mm
APPLYING POWER AND FAULT CONNECTIONS (Back View)
All NT24k can operate with one power supply, either AC or DC. The Rack Mount NT24k can accept up to
two power supply units. Each power supply can be AC or DC. Each low voltage DC Power supply includes
redundancy (two DC supplies).
The example below is shown from the back and includes a AC Power supply on the left and a DC
power supply on the right, looking from the back:
NT24k with DC Power Supply Installed:
Unscrew & Remove the DC Voltage Input
Plug from the Power Input Header
Install the DC Power Cables into the Plug
(observing polarity).
Plug the Voltage Input Plug back into the
Power Input Header.
Tightening torque for the terminal block
power plug is 0.5 Nm/0.368 Pound Foot.
Verify the Power LED stays ON.
Notes:
When a DC Power supply is installed, only one power supply must be connected to power for
minimal operation. For redundant power operation, V1 and V2 inputs must be connected to separate
DC Voltage sources. This device will draw current from both sources simultaneously. Use 16-28
gauge wire when connecting to the power supply.
Recommended 24V DC Power Supplies, similar to: N-Tron’s P/N NTPS-24-1.5
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NT24k with AC Power Supply Installed:
Unscrew & Remove the AC Voltage Input
Plug from the Power Input Header
Install the AC Power Cables into the Plug
(observing polarity).
Plug the Voltage Input Plug back into the
Power Input Header.
Tightening torque for the terminal block
power plug is 0.5 Nm/0.368 Pound Foot.
Verify the Power LED stays ON.
When an AC Power supply is installed (i.e., the –AC option), Use 12-24 gauge wire when
connecting to the power supply.
NT24k Fault Pins
The Fault pins on the back of the NT24k can be used for an alarm contact. The current carrying capacity is
1A at 24VDC. It is normally open and the relay closes when a fault condition occurs, though this can be
reversed via configuration. These pins can be used to connect an external warning device such as a light in
order to provide an external alarm. The conditions for generating a fault condition (closing the relay) can be
configured through software.
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Connecting the Unit
For FX/FXE units, remove the dust cap from the fiber optic connectors and connect the fiber optic cables.
The TX port on the FX/FXE models should be connected to the RX port of the far end station. The RX port
on the FX/FXE versions should be connected to the TX port of the far end station.
For 10/100/1000/T(x) ports, plug a Category 5E twisted pair cable into the RJ45 connector. Connect the
other end to the far end station. Verify that the LNK LEDs are ON once the connection has been completed.
To connect any port to another device (end node, Switch or Repeater), use a standard Category 5E straight
through or crossover cable with a
minimum length of one meter and a
maximum length of 100 meters.
N-Tron recommends the use of premanufactured Cat5E cables to ensure the
best performance. If this is not an option
and users must terminate their own ends
on the Cat5E cables; one of the two color
coded standards shown to the right should
be utilized. If a user does not follow one
of these two color code standards then the
performance and maximum cable distance
will be reduced significantly, and may
prevent the switch from establishing a
link.
Warning: Creating a port to port connection on the same switch (i.e. loop) is an illegal operation and
will create a broadcast storm which will crash the network!
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N-TRON SWITCH GROUNDING TECHNIQUES
The grounding philosophy of any control system is an integral part of the design. N-Tron switches are
designed to be grounded, but the user has been given the flexibility to float the switch when required. The
best noise immunity and emissions (i.e. CE) are obtained when the N-Tron switch chassis is connected to
earth ground via a drain wire. In the case of both the DC and AC Power supply options for the
NT24k/NT24k-AC the power supply is isolated from chassis ground. Therefore the user must not attempt
to ground the switch to earth ground via the power supply. In other N-Tron switches it is common to use
the V- for the purpose of grounding. This must NOT be attempted in the NT24k or NT24k-AC.
In the case of the AC power supply option (i.e., NT24k-AC) the
chassis may be connected to earth ground using the safety input of
the input power plug labeled “GND” (refer to the drawing above
which shows the pin out of the AC power plug) or using the
ground lug located at the rear of the chassis (see adjacent
illustration).
In the case of the NT24k, the only viable safety ground option is
using the ground lug at the rear of the chassis (see adjacent
illustration).
For the Din-Rail models see the illustration below for grounding:
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If the use of shielded cables is required, it is generally recommended to only connect the shield at one end to
prevent ground loops and interference with low level signals (i.e. thermocouples, RTD, etc.). Cat5e cables
manufactured to EIA-568A or 568B specifications are required for use with N-Tron Switches.
In the event all Cat5e patch cable distances are small (i.e. All Ethernet devices are located in the same local
cabinet and/or referenced to the same earth ground), it is permissible to use fully shielded cables terminated
to chassis ground at both ends in systems void of low level analog signals.
RJ45 CONNECTOR CRIMP SPECIFICATIONS
Please reference the illustration below for your Cat5 cable specifications:
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USB INTERFACE
The NT24k switches provide a USB interface accessed via the USB connector labeled as “USB” on the
back of the unit near the center. This is used to access the Command Line Interpreter (CLI) or PPP (Point-
to-Point Protocol). PPP allows any configuration and status that the browser does.
USB Cable
Connect the USB port of your PC and the Switch using a standard USB cable. You will require a cable with
a Type A connector for the PC end, and a Type B connector for the Switch end.
Standard USB cables are readily available from a variety of computer stores.
HyperTerminal
The following configuration should be used in HyperTerminal:
Port Settings: 115200
Data Bits: 8
Parity: NONE
Stop bits: 1
Flow Control: NONE
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Overview of Advanced Features
Mode of Operation
Each port on the switch can be configured into different modes of operation as shown below:
Copper Ports: 1000Base Copper or any Fiber Ports:
- Half Duplex - Full Duplex
- Full Duplex
- Auto Negotiation
Half Duplex
In half duplex mode, the CSMA/CD media access method is the means by which two or more stations share
a common transmission medium. To transmit, a station waits (defers) for a quiet period on the medium (that
is, no other station is transmitting) and then sends the intended message in bit-serial form. If, after initiating
a transmission, the message collides with that of another station, then each transmitting station intentionally
transmits for an additional predefined period to ensure propagation of the collision throughout the system.
The station remains silent for a random amount of time (back-off) before attempting to transmit again.
Full Duplex
Full duplex operation allows simultaneous communication between a pair of stations using point-to-point
media (dedicated channel). Full duplex operation does not require that transmitters defer, nor do they
monitor or react to receive activity, as there is no contention for a shared medium in this mode.
Auto Negotiation
In Auto Negotiation mode, the port / hardware detects the mode of operation of the station that is connected
to this port and sets its mode to match the mode of the station.
Port Mirroring
A Mirroring Port is a dedicated port that is configured to receive the copies of Ethernet frames that are being
transmitted out and also being received in from any other port that is being monitored.
Port Trunking
Port Trunking is the ability to group network ports to increase the bandwidth between two machines (switch
or any work station). This feature allows grouping of high-speed connectivity and provides redundant
connection between switches, so that a trunk can act as a single link between the switches.
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Quality of Service (QoS)
Quality of service (QoS) refers to resource reservation control mechanisms. Quality of service is the ability
to provide different priority to different applications, users, or data flows. Quality of service guarantees are
important if the network capacity is insufficient, especially for real-time streaming multimedia applications
such as voice over IP, online games and IP-TV, since these often require fixed bit rate and are delay
sensitive, and in networks where the capacity is a limited resource, for example in cellular data
communication. In the absence of network congestion, QoS mechanisms are not required.
Each of the three QOS methods below may be included based on the settings on the relevant browser page:
1) IEEE802.1p (Tagged QOS), or
2) DSCP (differentiated services code points) (RFC 2474).
3) Port (‘Default Priority’) (if not one or4 both of the two above)
Virtual LAN
The switch provides support for setting up tagged Virtual LANs (Local Area Networks). A port may belong
to any number of Virtual LANs. The VLAN membership of a device is determined by the VLAN(s) that
have been defined for the port to which the device is connected. If a device should move from one port to
another, it loses its current VLAN membership and inherits that of the new port it is connected to.
VLANs facilitate easy administration of logical groups of devices that can communicate as if they
were on the same LAN. Traffic between VLANs is restricted, unless the ports are explicitly configured
as overlapping VLANs. Switches forward unicast, multicast, and broadcast traffic only on LAN segments
that serve the VLAN to which the traffic belongs.
A Default Virtual LAN (VID=1) exists to which a port, which is not a member of any other Virtual LAN,
will belong. This allows the switch to operate as a ‘normal’ switch when it is used in a network. A port may
be automatically removed (or not) from the Default VLAN when it is reconfigured to belong to another
Virtual LAN, because that is the most common operation.
If switch ports are configured to transmit and receive untagged frames, end devices are able to communicate
throughout the LAN. Using Tagged VLANs, the switch has the ability to take non-tagged packets in some
ports, add a VLAN tag to the packet and send it out tagged ports on the switch. The VLANs can also be
configured to accept tagged packets in tagged ports, strip the tags off the packets, and send the packets back
out other untagged ports. This allows a network administrator to set up the switch to support devices on the
network that do not support VLAN Tagged packets. The administrator can also set up the ports to discard
any packets that are tagged or to discard any packets that are untagged based on a hybrid VLAN of both
tagged and untagged ports, and using the VLAN Ingress Filter on the switch.
For each switch port there is one and only one PVID (port VLAN ID) setting. If an incoming frame is
untagged and untagged frames are being accepted, then that frame will inherit the tag of the PVID value for
that port. Subsequent switch routing and treatment will be in accordance with that VLAN switch map. By
configuring PVIDs properly and configuring for all frames to exit untagged, the switch can achieve a ‘port
VLAN’ configuration in which all frames in and out can be untagged, thus not requiring external devices to
be VLAN cognizant.
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To understand how a VLAN configuration will perform, first look at the port on which the frame enters the
switch, then the VLAN ID (if the frame is tagged) or the PVID (if the frame is untagged). The VLAN
defined by the VID or PVID defines a VLAN group with a membership of ports. This membership
determines whether a port is included or excluded as to frame egress from the switch.
The NT24k switch also has the ability to allow overlapping VLANs. Overlapping VLANs give the user the
ability to have one or more ports share two or more VLAN groups. For more information and examples on
how this could be implemented, please see the ‘VLAN Configuration Examples’ in this document, and/or
our website’s technical documents. Note that RSTP is supported on a single VLAN.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol as specified in IEEE 802.1D-2004 is supported. One Spanning Tree on
one VLAN is supported. The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) supersedes the Spanning Tree Protocol
(STP) which was described in IEEE 802.1D-1998. The RSTP establishes a simply connected active
network topology from the arbitrarily connected bridges of a bridged network. Bridges effectively connect
just the LANs to which their forwarding ports are attached. Ports that are in a blocking state do not forward
frames. The bridges in the network exchange sufficient information to automatically derive a spanning tree.
RSTP allows for much quicker learning of network topology changes than the older STP. RSTP supports
new and improved features such as rapid transition to forwarding state. Rather than forwarding them from
the root bridge, RSTP also sends out new BPDUs every hello time. RSTP interoperates with older STP
switches by falling back to STP when the older BPDUs are detected on bridge ports. The user can also
manually configure bridge ports to use STP when desired.
SNMP Traps
The NT24k switch supports SNMP Trap Stations to which SNMP Traps will be sent. The switch supports
four standard traps; Link Status (Link Up / Link Down), Cold Start, Warm Start, and Authentication Errors.
SNMP Traps will be sent to all the trap stations configured on the switch when the corresponding trap is
enabled.
IGMP Snooping
IGMP Snooping is enabled by default, and the switch is Plug and Play for IGMP. IGMP snooping provides
intelligent network support for multicast applications. In particular, unneeded traffic is reduced. IGMP
Snooping is configured via the web console and if enabled, operates dynamically upon each power up.
Also, there can be manual only or manual and dynamic operation. Note that “static multicast group
address” can be used whether IGMP Snooping is enabled or not.
IGMP Snooping will function dynamically without user intervention. If some of the devices in the LAN do
not understand IGMP, then manual settings are provided to accommodate them. The Internet Group
Management Protocol (IGMP) is a protocol that provides a way for a computer to report its multicast group
membership to adjacent ‘routers’. In this case N-Tron NT24k switches provide router-like functionality.
Multicasting allows one computer to send content to multiple other computers that have identified
themselves as interested in receiving the originating computer's content. Multicasting can be used to
transmit only to an audience that has joined (and not left) a multicast group membership. IGMP version 2 is
formally described in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Request for Comments (RFC) 2236.
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IGMP version 1 is formally described in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Request for Comments
(RFC) 1112. The NT24k supports v1 and v2.
N-Ring
N-Ring is enabled by default, and the switch is Plug and Play for N-Ring except that initially one must
enable an N-Ring enabled device to be the N-Ring Manager for a given N-Ring. Subsequently, N-Ring
operates dynamically upon each power up. Using N-Tron's proprietary N-Ring technology offers expanded
ring size capacity, detailed fault diagnostics, and a standard healing time of 30ms. The N-Ring Manager
periodically checks the health of the N-Ring via health check packets. If the N-Ring Manager stops
receiving the health check packets, it times out and converts the N-Ring to a backbone within 30ms. When
using all N-Ring enabled switches in the ring, a detailed ring map and fault location chart is also provided
on the N-Ring Manager’s web browser. N-Ring status is also sent from the N-Ring Manager to the N-View
OPC Server to identify the health status of the ring. Up to 250 N-Ring enabled switches can participate in
one N-Ring topology. Switches that do not have N-Ring capability may be used in an N-Ring, however the
ring map and fault location chart cannot be as detailed at these locations.
N-Link
The purpose of N-Link is to provide a way to redundantly couple an N-Ring topology to one or more other
topologies, usually other N-Ring topologies. Each N-Link configuration requires 4 switches: N-Link
Master, N-Link Slave, N-Link Primary Coupler, and N-Link Standby Coupler. N-Link will monitor the link
status of the Primary and Standby Coupler links. While the Primary Coupler link is healthy, it will forward
network traffic and the Standby Coupler link will block network traffic. When a problem is detected on the
Primary Coupler link, the Primary Coupler link will block network traffic and the Standby Coupler link will
forward network traffic. While the N-Link Master and Slave are in communication via the Control link,
only one Coupler link (Primary or Standby) will forward network traffic while the other Coupler link will
block network traffic.
CIP
The CIP (Common Industrial Protocol) feature allows N-Tron switches to directly provide switch
information and configuration access to Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Human Machine
Interface (HMI) applications via a standardized communication protocol. For example, a PLC may be
programmed to monitor port links or N-Ring status and cause a status indicator to turn red on an HMI if a
port goes link down or if N-Ring has a fault. CIP is formally described in ODVA Publication Number
PUB00001 (Volume 1: Common Industrial Protocol (CIP™)), and Publication Number: PUB00002
(Volume 2: Ethernet/IP Adaptation of CIP). N-Tron provides EDS and ICO files. N-TRON_CIP_Tags.pdf
is for a particular environment, but reveals the tags available.
Note: Information about using CIP with the NT24k can be found in the CIP User Manual & Installation
Guide and the CIP Installation Kit for the NT24k switch family.
PPP
Point to Point Protocol (PPP) allows a browser like interface over the CLI port.
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Telnet
Telnet allows a CLI like interface over the internet. The NT24k supports up to two concurrent Telnet users.
DHCP Client
The switch will automatically obtain an IP assignment from a DHCP Server, or optionally Fallback to a
configured IP assignment if unable to get an IP assignment from a DHCP server. Communication between
the client and server can optionally go through a DHCP Relay Agent. The DHCP Client is enabled in
factory defaults, with 192.168.1.210 as the faillback address.
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