WESTLAKE COMMUNICATIONS
3G Terminology
Your Guide to 3G
CONTENTS
Making Mobile Multimedia a reality 4
3G Terminals 5
3G Networks 8
1G,2G,3G 12
3G Harmonisation, 3G.IP, 3GPP 13
3GPP 2, 3GPP Release 99, MC, AMPS 14
AMR, ANSI, ARIB 15
ATM, Bearer, Bluetooth, BTS 16
CDMA, cdmaOne/lS-95, CIF, Circuit switched service .17
CODEC, EDGE, EPOC 18
ETSI, FDD, GGSN, GIF 19
GPRS, GPS, GSM 1800, GSM 1900, GSM9OO 20
H.323, H.324M, HIPERLAN 21
HIPERLAN/2, HLR, HSCSD 22
IMAP4, i-mode, IMT-2000 23
IP, IPv6, IrDA 24
IrMC, IrTranP, ISDN, ITU 25
Iu, lub, lur, IWF, Java 26
JPEG, MC-CDMA, MMM 27
MMS, MPEG4, MSC, NMT 28
Packet switching service, PCN, PCS 29
PDC, PHS 30
PSTN, QCIF, QoS 31
RNC, Roaming, RRM, SGSN, SMS 32
SOHO, Streaming 33
Symbian, TACS, UC 34
TD/CDMA, TDD, TDMA 35
UMTS, URL, USIM, US-TDMA/lS-136, UTRA 36
UTRAN, VoIP, W3C 37
WAP, WCDMA-DS 38
WLAN,WML 39
XML, Digital Signature 40
Digital cash, Protocol, VHF 41
MAKING MOBILE MULTIMEDIA A REALITY
With mobile communications and the Internet coming ever closer together,
the world is quickly evolving towards the Mobile Information Society. In the
very near future, most personal communications - phone calls, images and
multimedia messaging - will be mobile.
Did you know that estimates suggest that the milestone of one billion people
in the world using a mobile phone will be reached by the end of year 2002? It
is expected that 2000 10-15% of all mobile phones sold will be Internet
capable, exceeding the sales volume of portable computers. In 2003, the
number of mobile devices capable of Internet access will exceed the number
of PCs connected to the Internet. This will have an effect on your daily life and
business, and maybe even sooner than you think.
Third Generation (3G) mobile networks will be taken into use in the beginning
of year 2002 in Europe and even earlier in Japan. From the beginning of
1990’s we witnessed how 2G phones we becoming indispensable throughout
the world. Now we predict that in the first years of the next millennium, we
will see the same happening with 3G terminals. Do you know what you need
to know in order to make the best out of 3G?
Keeping up with the latest 3G technology and service development can be
really frustrating sometimes. One of the main reasons is that no one seems to
use real words anymore. It’s like the whole world can be explained with
acronyms and nothing but acronyms. Westlake Offer this booklet in order
to provide you with a guide to 3G terminology. We hope that it helps you to
identify what is relevant in 3G and what you need to know when living and
managing your 3G life and business. Remember that 3G is the Internet in
everyone’s pocket, and much more...
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MOBILE INTERNET
3G migration to high-speed, packet-based data creates the conditions for the
mobile and Internet worlds to converge, providing mobile users with new
opportunities to access Internet-based services and applications. This in turn
will stimulate demand for high data rate connectivity as well as helping reduce
subscriber management costs.
Making Internet accessible through mobile devices opens a huge new business
opportunity. But because much of this information is freely available, the value
provided by the operator is based on pinpointing what is relevant. For
example, frequently used applications can be made easily accessible through
personalised portal services, where the operator can advertise new services
and attract users to test them. Location-specific data will prove to be even
more useful in offering here-and-now relevance.Another key business area for
operators will be providing secure access for employees to their own business
Intranet. Operators providing services in this segment need high-capacity
solutions with guaranteed service quality and security.
MOBILE MULTIMEDIA MESSAGING
The development of imaging and video technologies, together with the
evolution of multimedia standards, creates the environment for new
messaging services. Our multimedia messaging concept will provide users
with new ways of communicating while operators gain additional service
revenue opportunities. Soon images will enrich both voice calls and text
messaging, allowing the user not only to “listen to what I say” but also to
“see what I mean”. Messaging is similarly enhanced through images, music or
video clips.
OPEN STANDARDS AND OPERATING SYSTEMS
The development of new content and application will be an important driver
in 3G. That’s why we have strongly encouraged the establishment of open
standards and operating systems for mobile terminals, as well as the
foundation of third-party developer forums. Crucially we support three key
technology platform building blocks that provide the foundations to translate
the Mobile Information Society vision into commercial reality: WAP to provide
access to Internet content and, ultimately, the development of Multimedia
Messaging Services; Bluetooth to enable seamless interconnection with other
electronic devices; and FPOC to create an open mobile operating system that
stimulates the creation of third-party mass market applications.
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3G NETWORKS
Be the first with the first
The Nokia 3G system is a world-class combination of network technologies,
products, operational support systems, and competent local people. Nokia
can provide operators with complete end-to-end solutions, from phones to
servers, such as roll-out and customer care services, systems integration and
end-user applications. Nokia provides 3G systems for both WCDMA and EDGE
technologies. These systems include Base Station Subsystems, Circuit and
Packet Switching Systems, Service and Network Management Systems
including Service Provisioning and Billing, and 3G Terminals.
Our position as a major supplier of infra-structure and terminals means that
we can bring in-depth experience to help those GSM and cellular network
operators that require a smooth evolution, thus protecting network
investments. The Nokia 3G system fully conforms to global standards and
consequently can minimise time to market.
As the networks evolve, it is vital that the supporting systems can be fully
trusted. It must be possible to operate any given system by using the same
processes and tools, whatever technology or end user services are deployed.
Also, it is equally vital that users experience the same or better levels of quality
when new services are introduced in the networks. With Nokia, continuity in
the management of systems and services is fully assured.
Nokia can help you plan, deploy, manage and enhance your 30 system with a
full house of service solutions. And we can offer all this with Roll-out and
Nokia Care Packages, allowing you to mix and match service options to meet
your exact needs-providing you with differentiation in the marketplace.
Nokia assures full continuity in the management of systems and services,
ensuring investment protection today and tomorrow. Our full service offering
ranges from developing end-to-end applications, to running and managing
the underlying network, to sophisticated customer care, service provision and
billing. Local service support is complemented by Nokia Online Services, a
global web-based eBusiness concept.
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1-3
1G
1st Generation Mobile Telecommunications. First generation systems are
analog and were designed for voice transfer. AMPS, NMT, TACS, etc are
included among first generation systems. With the recent proliferation of
PDC/PHS in Japan, post-analog technology has advanced rapidly and
consequently only a very few analog systems remain in existence.
2G
2nd Generation Mobile Telecommunications. Second generation systems are
digital and are capable of providing voice/data/fax transfer as well as a range
of other value-added services. At present, second generation systems are still
evolving with ever-increasing data rates via new technologies such as HSCSD
(High Speed Circuit Switched Data) and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service).
Second generation systems include GSM, US-TDMA (lS136), cdmaOne lS-95)
and PDC. US-TDMA/PDC have been structured atop existing first generation
analog technology and are premised on compatibility and parallel operation
with analog networks. GSM/IS-95, on the other hand, are based on an entirely
new concept, and have been subject to increasing adoption worldwide.
3G
3rd Generation Mobile Telecommunications. Third generation mobile
communication systems are scheduled for operational startup in Japan and
Europe in 2001-2002. Applying high-speed data transfer and state-of-the-art
radio terminal technology, third generations systems enable multimedia and
are currently in the process of being standardised under 3GPP. Among the
three types of system to be standardised (i.e. WCDMA-DS, MC-CDMA, UTRA
TDD), Japan and Europe will adopt WCDMA-DS in a strategy to take the lead
through superior service.
3G HARMONISATION
Harmonising of UTRA and cdma2OOO (third generation system in the US). At
present, there are three coinciding technologies under third generation
systems: DS-CDMA (UTRA FDD), MC-CDMA and UTRA TDD. Current chip rate
for both UTRA FDD and TDD is 3.s8Mchips. MC-CDMA adopts the previous
3.8sMchips as is. As a result, transition from the existing 2G to 3G will be
facilitated on a worldwide level. Despite the fact that it will not comprise one
uniform system, convergence of 3G into three systems with maximum
compatibility will still enable achieving the primary 3G goal of service to users
over a seamless worldwide network.
3G.IP
Third generation internet project which will become a part of 3GPP with
release 2000.
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3-A
3GPP
3rd Generation Partnership Project. 3GPP’s organisational partners have
agreed to cooperate in the formulation of technical specifications for a third
generation mobile system based on further evolved GSM core networks and
radio access technologies.
3GPP2
3rd Generation Partnership Project 2. 3GPP 2 is an effort spearheaded by the
International Committee of the American National Standards Institute’s (ANSI)
board of directors to establish a 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) for evolved
ANSI/JIA/EIA-41 “Cellular Radio Communication Intersystem Operations” network
and related RTT.
3GPP RELEASE 99
3rd Generation Partnership Project specification scheduled for release at the end
of 1999. The first commercial UMTS systems will essentially be implemented
according to this specification.
AAC
The MPEG-2 AAC (Adaptive Audio Coding) is a new audio coding standard used
in digital television systems. According to listening tests, AAC provides the same
sound quality as MP3 (MPEG1 Layer 3) with only 70% of the MP3 bit rate.
AMPS
Advanced Mobile Phone Service. Analogue cellular communications system
developed and used in the US, and which operates in the 8OOMz band. AMPS
covers the entire country, and is utilised by 80% of US mobile phone subscribers.
It has been introduced into the UK and Japan in slightly modified form as the
TACS system.
AMR
Advanced Multi Rate codec. During 1999, ETSI standardised this new speech
codec for GSM. The codec adapts its bit-rate allocation between speech and
channel coding, thereby optimising speech quality in various radio channel
conditions. For this reason, 3GPP (under which the next stage GSM speech
quality will be realised) has selected the AMR codec as an essential speech codec
for the next generation system. AMR was jointly developed by Nokia, Ericsson
and Siemens.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute. ANSI is a nonprofit organisation in the US
which pursues standardisation within the industrial sector. It is also a member of
ISO (International Standard Organisation). ANSI itself, however, does not
establish standards. Instead, it assists in reviewing proposals put forth by various
standardising bodies in the US and accordingly assigns a category code and
number after approval.
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A-C
ARIB
Association of Radio Industries and Businesses. An incorporated body designated
by the Ministry of Posts and Communication of the Japanese government to
pursue effective radio utilisation in the radio communication and broadcast
sector. With regard to standardisation, ARIB is currently primarily engaged in
standardising procedures for IMT-2000 (next generation mobile communication
system) and digital TV broadcasting.
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Technology for high-speed transport (up to 6.22
megabytes per second) and switching of various types of data, voice and
signals. In contrast to Synchronous Transfer Mode (STM) which always
transfers a frame whether or not data for transmission is present, ATM
transfers a cell to the network only when data to be transmitted actually
exists. Hence the dubbing “asynchronous”.
BEARER
The name of the ‘virtual bit pipe’ carrying a particular end user service
BLUETOOTH
Short range radio technology expanding wireless connectivity to personal and
business mobile devices enabling users to connect their mobile phones,
computers, printers, digital cameras and other electronic devices to one
another without cables. Bluetooth has begun to experience rapid proliferation,
and is fast becoming a defacto world-wide standard. Nokia participates as a
founding member in the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG). Current
membership inSlG comprises over 1300 firms from all over the world.
BTS
Base Transceiver Station. Although specifications differ for each system, the
BTS effects radio communication with mobile stations (MS) via its respective
radio access system and transmits/receives signals to/from connected radio
network controllers (RNC) located along transmission routes.
CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access is one type of multiple access system used in
radio communication. Other multiple access methods include TDMA, FDMA,
etc.
CDMAONE/IS-95
Interim Standard-95 is one type of digital mobile phone system which applies
CDMA to realise large volume traffic and enable numerous users to access a
limited bandwidth. Also known as cdmaOne, this system is used in Hong
Kong, North and South America, Korea and Japan.
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