Nikon Manual Viewer 2
Use the Nikon Manual Viewer 2 app to view
manuals anytime, anywhere on your smartphone or
tablet.
En
Product Documentation
The documentation for this product consists of a User’s Manual (this booklet) and a
Reference Manual (pdf).
instructions thoroughly and keep them where they will be read by all who use the
product.
To get the most from your camera, please be sure to read all
For information on basic
camera operations, see the
User’s Manual (this
booklet).
For complete product
information, see the
Reference Manual
(available on the
supplied reference CD).
The Reference Manual can be viewed using Adobe Reader or Adobe Acrobat Reader
5.0 or later, available for free download from the Adobe website.
1 Start the computer and insert the reference CD.
2 Double-click the CD (Nikon D5200) icon in Computer or My Computer (Windows)
or on the desktop (Macintosh).
3 Double-click the INDEX.pdf icon to display a language selection screen and click a
language to display the Reference Manual.
Camera Settings
The explanations in this manual assume that default settings are used.
Digitutor
“Digitutor”, a series of “watch and learn” manuals in movie form, is available from the following
website: http://www.nikondigitutor.com/index_eng.html
Nikon Manual Viewer 2
Install the Nikon Manual Viewer 2 app on your smartphone or tablet to view Nikon
digital camera manuals, anytime, anywhere. Nikon Manual Viewer 2 can be
downloaded free of charge from the App Store and Google Play. Download of the app
and any product manuals requires an Internet connection, for which fees may be
levied by your phone or Internet service provider.
A For Your Safety
Before using the camera for the first time, read the safety instructions in “For Your Safety”
(0 iv–viii).
Package Contents
Confirm that the package contains the following items:
UC-E17 USB cableEG-CP16 audio/video cableDK-5 eyepiece cap (0 29)
ViewNX 2 CD-ROM
User’s Manual (this booklet)
Purchasers of the lens kit option should confirm that the package also includes a lens.
Memory cards are sold separately (0 77). Cameras purchased in Japan display menus
and messages in English and Japanese only; other languages are not supported.
apologize for any inconvenience this may cause.
Symbols and Conventions
To make it easier to find the information you need, the following symbols and conventions are
used:
This icon marks cautions; information that should be read before use to
D
prevent damage to the camera.
This icon marks notes; information that should be read before using the
A
camera.
MH-24 battery charger (plug
adapter supplied in countries or
regions where required; shape
depends on country of sale)
Reference CD (contains the Reference Manual)
AN-DC3 strap
We
This icon marks references to other pages in this manual.
0
Menu items, options, and messages displayed in the camera monitor are shown in bold.
For Your Safety...................................................................................................................................iv
Notices ................................................................................................................................................... v
Introduction1
Getting to Know the Camera .........................................................................................................1
The Camera Body ......................................................................................................................1
The Mode Dial.............................................................................................................................3
The Viewfinder............................................................................................................................4
The Monitor .................................................................................................................................5
The Information Display..........................................................................................................6
First Steps..............................................................................................................................................7
Basic Photography14
Battery Level and Card Capacity................................................................................................ 14
“Point-and-Shoot” Photography (i and j Modes)........................................................... 15
Warranty Terms - Nikon Europe Service Warranty...............................................................92
iii
For Your Safety
To prevent damage to your Nikon product or injury to yourself or to others, read the following safety precautions in their
entirety before using this equipment.
The consequences that could result from failure to observe the precautions listed in this section are indicated by the
following symbol:
This icon marks warnings. To prevent possible injury, read all warnings before using this Nikon product.
A
❚❚ WARNINGS
AKeep the sun out of the frame
Keep the sun well out of the frame when shooting
backlit subjects.
when the sun is in or close to the frame could cause a
fire.
Sunlight focused into the camera
ADo not look at the sun through the viewfinder
Viewing the sun or other strong light source through
the viewfinder could cause permanent visual
impairment.
AUsing the viewfind er diopter adjustment control
When operating the viewfinder diopter adjustment
control with your eye to the viewfinder, care should be
taken not to put your finger in your eye accidentally.
ATurn off immediately in the event of malfunction
Should you notice smoke or an unusual smell coming
from the equipment or AC adapter (available
separately), unplug the AC adapter and remove the
battery immediately, taking care to avoid burns.
Continued operation could result in injury. After
removing the battery, take the equipment to a Nikonauthorized service center for inspection.
ADo not use in the presence of flammable gas
Do not use electronic equipment in the presence of
flammable gas, as this could result in explosion or fire.
AKeep out of reach of children
Failure to observe this precaution could result in injury.
In addition, note that small parts constitute a choking
Should a child swallow any part of this
hazard.
equipment, consult a physician immediately.
ADo not disassemble
Touching the product’s internal parts could result in
In the event of malfunction, the prod uct should
injury.
be repaired only by a qualified technician.
product break open as the result of a fall or other
accident, remove the battery and/or AC adapter and
then take the product to a Nikon-authorized service
center for inspection.
ADo not place the strap around the neck of an infant or child
Placing the camera strap around the neck of an infant
or child could result in strangulation.
ADo not remain in contact with the camera, battery, or charger for
extended periods while the devices are on or in use
Parts of the device become hot.
direct contact with the skin for extended periods may
result in low-temperature burns.
ADo not aim a flash at the operator of a motor vehicle
Failure to observe this precaution could result in
accidents.
Keep these safety instructions where all those who use the product will read them.
AObserve caution when using the flash
• Using the camera with the flash in close contact with
the skin or other objects could cause burns.
• Using the flash close to the subject’s eyes could
cause temporary visual impairment.
should be observed when photographing infants,
when the flash should be no less than one meter
(39 in.) from the subject.
Particula r care
AAvoid contact with liquid crystal
Should the monitor break, care should be taken to
avoid injury due to broken glass and to prevent the
liquid crystal from the monitor touching the skin or
entering the eyes or mouth.
AObserve proper precautions when handling batteries
Batteries may leak or explode if improperly handled.
Observe the following precautions when handling
Should the
Leaving the device in
batteries for use in this product:
• Use only batteries approved for use in this
equipment.
• Do not short or disassemble the battery.
• Be sure the product is off before replacing the
If you are using an AC adapter, be sure it is
battery.
unplugged.
• Do not attempt to insert the battery upside down or
backwards.
• Do not expose the battery to flame or to excessive
heat.
• Do not immerse in or expose to water.
• Replace the terminal cover when transporting the
Do not transport or store the battery with
battery.
metal objects such as necklaces or hairpins.
• Batteries are prone to leakage when fully discharged.
To avoid damage to the product, be sure to remove
the battery when no charge remains.
• When the battery is not in use, attach the terminal
cover and store in a cool, dry place.
• The battery may be hot immediately after use or
when the product has been used on battery power
for an extended period.
turn the camera off and allow the battery to cool.
• Discontinue use immediately should you notice any
changes in the battery, such as discoloration or
deformation.
Before removing the battery
iv
AObserve proper precautions when handling the charger
• Keep dry.
• Do not short the charger terminals.
• Dust on or near the metal parts of the plug should be
• Do not go near the charger during thunderstorms.
• Do not handle the plug or charger with wet hands.
Failure to observe this precaution could
result in fire or electric shock.
observe this precaution could result in overheating
and damage to the charger.
removed with a dry cloth.
result in fire.
Failure to observe this precaution could result in
electric shock.
Failure to observe this precaution could result in
electric shock.
Fail ure to
Continued use could
Notices
• Do not use with travel converters or adapters
designed to convert from one voltage to another or
with DC-to-AC inverters.
precaution could damage the product or cause
overheating or fire.
AUse appropriate cables
When connecting cables to the input an d output jacks,
use only the cables provided or sold by Nikon for the
purpose to maintain compliance with product
regulat ions.
ACD-ROMs
CD-ROMs containing software or manuals should not
be played back on audio CD equipment.
ROMs on an audio CD player could cause hearing loss
or damage the equipment.
Failure to observe this
Playing CD-
• No part of the manuals included with this product may
be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, or translated into any language in any
form, by any means, without Nikon’s prior written
permission.
• Nikon reserves the right to change the specifications of
the hardware and software described in these manuals
at any time and without prior notice.
Notice for Customers in Canada
CAN ICES-3 B / NMB-3 B
Notices for Customers in Europe
CAUTION
RISK OF EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN INCORRECT TYPE.
THE INSTRUCTIONS.
This symbol indicates that electrical and
electronic equipment is to be collected
separately.
The following apply only to users in European
countries:
• This product is designated for separate
collection at an appropriate collection point.
dispose of as household waste.
• Separate collection and recycling helps conserve natural
resources and prevent negative consequences for
human health and the environment that might result
from incorrect disposal.
• For more information, contact the retailer or the local
authorities in charge of waste management.
Do not
• Nikon will not be held liable for any damages resulting
from the use of this product.
• While every effort has been made to ensure that the
information in these manuals is accurate and complete,
we would appreciate it were you to bring any errors or
omissions to the attention of the Nikon representati ve in
your area (address provided separately).
This symbol on the battery indicates that the
battery is to be collected separately.
The following apply only to users in European
countries:
• All batteries, whether marked with this
symbol or not, are designated for separate collection at
an appropriate collection point. Do not dispose of as
household waste.
• For more information, contact the retailer or the local
authorities in charge of waste management.
DISPOSE OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO
v
Notices for Customers in the U.S.A.
The Battery Charger
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS—SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
DANGER—TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, CAREFULLY
FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS
For connection to a supply not in the U.S.A., use an attachment plug adapter of the proper configuration for the power
outlet if needed.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Radio Frequency
Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply
with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part
15 of the FCC rules.
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation.
and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not
occur in a particular installation.
cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and
receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit
different from that to which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television
technician for help.
This power unit is intended to be correctly oriented in a vertical or floor mount position.
D5200
These limits are designed to provide
This equipment generates, uses,
If this equipment does
CAUTIONS
Modifications
The FCC requires the user be notified that any changes or
modifications made to this device that are not expressly
approved by Nikon Corporation may void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
Interface Cables
Use the interface cables sold or provided by Nikon for your
equipment.
limits of Class B Part 15 of the FCC rules.
Notice for Customers in the State of California
WARNING : Handling the cord on this product may expose
you to lead, a chemical known to the State of California to
cause birth defects or other reproductive harm.
hands after handling.
Nikon Inc., 1300 Walt Whitman Road, Melville, New York
11747-3064, U.S.A.
Tel.: 631-547-4200
Using other interface cables may exceed the
Wash
vi
Notice Concerning Prohibition of Copying or Reproduction
Note that simply being in possession of material that has been digitally copied or reproduced by means of a scanner,
digital camera, or other device may be punishable by law.
• Items prohibited by law from being copied or reproduced
Do not copy or reproduce paper money, coins,
securities, government bonds, or local government
bonds, even if such copies or reproductions are
stamped “Sample.”
The copying or reproduction of paper money, coins, or
securities which are circulated in a foreign country is
prohibited.
Unless the prior permission of the government has been
obtained, the copying or reproduction of unused
postage stamps or post cards issued by the government
is prohibited.
The copying or reproduction of stamps issued by the
government and of certified documents stipulated by
law is prohibited.
• Cautions on certain copies and reproductions
The government has issued cautions on copies or
reproductions of securities issued by private companies
(shares, bills, checks, gift certificates, etc.), commuter
passes, or coupon tickets, except when a minimum of
necessary copies are to be provided for business use by
a company.
Also, do not copy or reproduce passports
issued by the government, licenses issued by public
agencies and private groups, ID cards, and tickets, such
as passes and meal coupons.
• Comply with copyright notices
The copying or reproduction of copyrighted creative
works such as books, music, paintings, woodcuts, prints,
maps, drawings, movies, and photographs is governed
by national and international copyri ght laws.
Do not use
this product for the purpose of making illegal copies or
to infringe copyright laws.
Disposing of Data Storage Devices
Pl ease not e th at de let ing imag es o r fo rmat tin g me mor y ca rds o r ot her data sto rage dev ice s doe s no t co mpl etel y er ase t he
original image data.
available software, potentially resulting in the malicious use of personal image data.
Deleted files can sometimes be recovered from discarded storage devices using commercially
Ensuring the privacy of such data is
the user’s responsibility.
Before discarding a data storage device or transferring ownership to another person, erase all data using commercial
deletion software, or format the device and then completely refill it with images containing no private information (for
example, pictures of empty sky).
Be sure to also replace any pictures selected for preset manual. Care should be taken to
avoid injury when physically destroying data storage devices.
Nikon cameras are designed to the highest standards and include complex electronic circuitry.
electronic accessories (including chargers, batteries, AC adapters, and flash accessories) certified by Nikon specifically for
use with this Nikon digital camera are engineered and proven to operate within the operational and safety requirements
of this electronic circuitry.
The use of non-Nikon electronic accessories could damage the camera and may void your Nikon
warranty.
The use of third-party rechargeable Li-ion batteries not bearing the Nikon holographic seal
shown at right could interfere with normal operation of the camera or result in the batteries overheating,
igniting, rupturing, or leaking.
For more information about Nikon brand accessories, contact a local authorized Nikon dealer.
Only Nikon brand
D Use Only Nikon Brand Accessories
Only Nikon brand accessories certified by Nikon specifically for use with your Nikon digital
camera are engineered and proven to operate within its operational and safety
requirements. THEUSEOFNON-NIKONACCESSORIESCOULDDAMAGEYOURCAMERAANDMAYVOIDYOUR
NIKONWARRANTY.
D Servicing the Camera and Accessories
The camera is a precision device and requires regular servicing. Nikon recommends that the
camera be inspected by the original retailer or a Nikon-authorized service representative
once every one to two years, and that it be serviced once every three to five years (note that
fees apply to these services). Frequent inspection and servicing are particularly
recommended if the camera is used professionally. Any accessories regularly used with the
camera, such as lenses or optional flash units, should be included when the camera is
inspected or serviced.
A Before Taking Important Pictures
Before taking pictures on important occasions (such as at weddings or before taking the
camera on a trip), take a test shot to ensure that the camera is functioning normally. Nikon
will not be held liable for damages or lost profits that may result from product malfunction.
A Life-Long Learning
As part of Nikon’s “Life-Long Learning” commitment to ongoing product support and
education, continually-updated information is available on-line at the following sites:
• For users in the U.S.A.: http://www.nikonusa.com/
• For users in Europe and Africa: http://www.europe-nikon.com/support/
• For users in Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East: http://www.nikon-asia.com/
Visit these sites to keep up-to-date with the latest product information, tips, answers to
frequently-asked questions (FAQs), and general advice on digital imaging and photography.
Additional information may be available from the Nikon representative in your area. See the
following URL for contact information: http://imaging.nikon.com/
viii
X
Introduction
Getting to Know the Camera
Take a few moments to familiarize yourself with camera controls and displays. You
may find it helpful to bookmark this section and refer to it as you read through the
rest of the manual.
Do not place the microphone or speaker in close proximity to magnetic devices. Failure to
observe this precaution could affect the data recorded on the magnetic devices.
A The Power Switch
Rotate the power switch as shown to turn
the camera on.
2
Rotate the power switch as shown to turn
the camera off.
The Mode Dial
The camera offers a choice of the following shooting modes:
P, S, A, and M Modes
Select these modes for full control over
camera settings.
• P— Programmed auto (0 42, 43)
• S —Shutter-priority auto (0 42, 43)
• A—Aperture-priority auto (0 42, 43)
• M—Manual (0 42, 43)
Auto Modes
Select these modes for simple, point-andshoot photography.
• i Auto (0 15)
• j Auto (flash off ) (0 15)
Scene Modes
The camera automatically optimizes settings to suit the scene selected with the mode dial.
Match your selection to the scene being photographed.
• k Portrait (0 19)
• l Landscape (0 19)
• p Child (0 20)
Special Effects Modes
Use special effects during shooting.
• % Night vision (0 59)
• g Color sketch (0 59, 61)
• ( Miniature effect (0 59, 62)
• 3 Selective color (0 60, 63)
• 1 Silhouette (0 60)
• 2 High key (0 60)
• 3 Low key (0 60)
• m Sports (0 20)
• n Close up (0 20)
• h Other scenes (0 21)
X
A Scene Auto Selector (Live View)
Selecting live view in i or j mode enables automatic scene selection (“scene auto
selector”; 0 50) when autofocus is used.
3
The Viewfinder
X
12
3
4
5
6
1 Framing grid (displayed when
On is selected for Custom
Setting d2)
2 Focus points........................... 33
3 AF area brackets..............10, 15
4 Low battery warning............ 14
5 Monochrome indicator
(displayed when the
Monochrome Picture
Control or a Picture Control
based on Monochrome is
selected)
6 “No memory card”
indicator..................................8
7 Focus indicator ...................... 16
8 Autoexposure (AE) lock
indicator
9 Shutter speed ..................42, 43
7
8
10 Aperture (f-number).......42, 43
11 Low battery warning............ 14
12 Bracketing indicator
13 Number of exposures
remaining ...........................14
Number of shots remaining
before memory buffer
fills .........................................27
White balance recording
indicator
Exposure compensation
value......................................44
Flash compensation value
ISO sensitivity......................... 39
14 “K” (appears when memory
remains for over 1000
exposures) ........................... 14
15 Flash-ready indicator............18
Note: Display shown with all indicators lit for illustrative purposes.
11 1214917101513
1816
19
16 Flexible program indicator
17 Exposure indicator ................43
Exposure compensation
display...................................44
Electronic rangefinder
18 Flash compensation
indicator ...............................44
19 Exposure compensation
indicator ...............................44
20 Auto ISO sensitivity indicator
21 Warning indicator
2120
D The Viewfinder
The response time and brightness of the viewfinder display may vary with temperature.
4
The Monitor
The monitor can be angled and rotated as shown below.
X
180°
Normal use
Fold the monitor against the camera face out.
This position is recommended for normal
photography.
Low-angle shots
Frame live view shots with the camera close to
the ground.
High-angle shots
Frame live view shots while holding the camera
over your head.
Self-portraits
Use for self-portraits in live view.
shows a mirror image of what will appear in the
final picture.
The monitor
90°
180°
D Using the Monitor
Rotate the monitor gently within the limits shown. Do not use force. Failure to observe these
precautions could damage the connection between the monitor and the camera body. To
protect the monitor when the camera is not in use, fold i t bac k face dow n agai nst t he ca mera
body.
A See Also
See “Framing Photographs in the Monitor” for information on framing photographs in the
monitor (0 45).
5
The Information Display
Camera settings can be viewed and adjusted in the information
display.
make changes to settings.
selector and press J to view options for the highlighted item.
X
1
2
3
Press the P button once to view settings, and again to
9 Multiple exposure indicator
10 Print date indicator
11 Flash control indicator
Flash compensation indicator
for optional flash units
19
12 Release mode......................... 26
13 “Beep” indicator
14 Battery indicator.................... 14
15 ISO sensitivity......................... 39
16 ADL bracketing amount
17 Number of exposures
18 “K” (appears when memory
19 Exposure indicator................ 43
20 Help icon
21 Image quality .........................34
22 Image size ...............................35
16
17
18
34223323322431253026292728
ISO sensitivity display .......... 39
Auto ISO sensitivity indicator
remaining ............................14
White balance recording
indicator
remains for over 1000
exposures) ........................... 14
Exposure compensation
indicator...............................44
Bracketing progress
indicator...............................44
23 Bracketing increment
24 HDR (High Dynamic Range)
25 Active D-Lighting
26 White balance
27 ISO sensitivity .........................39
28 Exposure compensation......44
29 Flash compensation
30 Flash mode..............................37
31 Metering
32 AF-area mode.................. 32, 47
33 Focus mode......................30, 46
34 Picture Control
Note: Display shown with all indicators lit for illustrative purposes.
6
First Steps
Always turn the camera off before inserting or removing batteries or memory cards.
1 Attach the strap.
Attach the strap securely to the two eyelets on the camera body as shown below.
2 Charge the battery.
If a plug adapter is supplied, raise the wall plug and connect the plug adapter
as shown below at left, making sure the plug is fully inserted.
and plug the charger in.
and 30 minutes.
An exhausted battery will fully charge in about 1 hour
Insert the battery
Battery charging
Charging complete
X
3 Insert the battery.
Insert the battery in the orientation shown, using the battery to keep the
orange battery latch pressed to one side.
when the battery is fully inserted.
The latch locks the battery in place
Battery latch
7
4 Insert a memory card (available separately).
Check to be sure the card is in the correct orientation and then slide the card
until it clicks into place.
X
5 Attach a lens.
Be careful to prevent dust from entering the camera when the lens or body cap
is removed.
GB
8
Mounting mark (lens;
indicated by white dot)
Mounting mark
(camera)
Mounting mark (lens)
Autofocus is available with AF-S lenses.
autofocus with a lens equipped with an A-M mode switch,
slide the switch to A (if the lens has an M/A-M switch, select
M/A for autofocus with manual override).
on other lenses that can be used with the D5200, see page 74.
If the lens has a vibration reduction (VR) switch, select ON
to reduce the effects of vibration.
Keeping marks (white dots) aligned, position lens on camera,
then rotate until lens clicks into place.
When using
For information
8
6 Open the monitor.
Open the monitor as shown. Do not use force.
7 Turn the camera on.
A language-selection dialog will be displayed.
X
A Lenses with Retractable Lens Barrel Buttons
Before using the camera, unlock and extend the
zoom ring. Keeping the retractable lens barrel
button pressed (q), rotate the zoom ring as
shown (w).
Retractable lens barrel
Pictures can not be taken when the lens is
retracted; if an error message is displayed as a
result of the camera having been turned on
with the lens retracted, rotate the zoom ring
until the message is no longer displayed.
button
9
8 Choose a language and set the camera
clock.
Use the multi selector and J button to
select a language and set the camera clock.
X
qwe
Select languageSelect time zoneSelect date format
rt Note: The language and
Select daylight saving
time option
9 Focus the viewfinder.
After removing the lens cap, rotate the diopter
adjustment control until the AF area brackets are
in sharp focus.
your eye to the viewfinder, be careful not to put
your fingers or fingernails in your eye.
When operating the control with
Move cursor up
Move cursor down
Set time and date
(note that the camera
uses a 24-hour clock)
J button: select
highlighted item
Select highlighted
item or display
sub-menu
date/time can be changed
at any time using the
Language and Tim e
zone and date options in
the setup menu (0 66).
AF area brackets
A Adjusting Viewfinder Focus
If you are unable to focus the viewfinder as described above, select single-servo autofocus
(AF-S; 0 30), single-point AF (c; 0 32), and the center focus point, and then frame a highcontrast subject in the center focus point and press the shutter-release button halfway to
focus the camera. With the camera in focus, use the diopter adjustment control to bring the
subject into clear focus in the viewfinder. If necessary, viewfinder focus can be further
adjusted using optional corrective lenses.
10
D During Charging
Do not move the charger or touch the battery during charging. Failure to observe this
precaution could in very rare instances result in the charger showing that charging is
complete when the battery is only partially charged. Remove and reinsert the battery to
begin charging again.
D Charging the Battery
Read and follow the warnings and cautions on pages iv–v and 79–81 of this manual. Charge the
battery indoors at ambient temperatures of 5 °C–35 °C (41°F–95 °F). Do not use the battery
at ambient temperatures below 0 °C/32 °F or above 40 °C/104 °F; failure to observe this
precaution could damage the battery or impair its performance. Capacity may be reduced
and charging times may increase at battery temperatures from 0 °C/32 °F to 15 °C/59 °F and
from 45 °C/113 °F to 60 °C/140 °F. The battery will not charge if its temperature is below 0 °C
(32 °F) or above 60 °C (140 °F). If the CHARGE lamp flashes quickly (about eight times a second)
during charging, confirm that the temperature is in the correct range and then unplug the
charger and remove and reinsert the battery. If the problem persists, cease use immediately
and take battery and charger to your retailer or a Nikon-authorized service representative.
Do not attempt to charge a fully-charged battery. Failure to observe this precaution will
result in reduced battery performance.
Use the charger with compatible batteries only. Unplug when not in use.
A Removing the Battery
To remove the battery, turn the camera off and open the
battery-chamber cover. Press the battery latch in the
direction shown by the arrow to release the battery and then
remove the battery by hand.
X
A Formatting Memory Cards
If this is the first time the memory card will be used in the
camera or if the card has been formatted in another device,
select Format memory card in the setup menu and follow
the on-screen instructions to format the card (0 66). Note
that this permanently deletes any data the card may contain.
Be sure to copy any photographs and other data you wish to
keep to a computer before proceeding.
11
D Memory Cards
8
GB
• Memory cards may be hot after use. Observe due caution when removing memory cards
from the camera.
• Turn the power off before inserting or removing memory cards. Do not remove memory
cards from the camera, turn the camera off, or remove or disconnect the power source
X
during formatting or while data are being recorded, deleted, or copied to a computer.
Failure to observe these precautions could result in loss of data or in damage to the
camera or card.
• Do not touch the card terminals with your fingers or metal objects.
• Do not bend, drop, or subject to strong physical shocks.
• Do not apply force to the card casing. Failure to observe this precaution could damage
the card.
• Do not expose to water, heat, high levels of humidity, or direct sunlight.
• Do not format memory cards in a computer.
A Removing Memory Cards
After confirming that the memory card access lamp is off,
turn the camera off, open the memory card slot cover, and
press the card in to eject it (q). The card can then be
removed by hand (w).
A The Write Protect Switch
SD memory cards are equipped with a write protect switch to
prevent accidental loss of data. When this switch is in the
“lock” position, the memory card can not be formatted and
photos can not be deleted or recorded (a beep will sound if
you attempt to release the shutter). To unlock the memory
card, slide the switch to the “write” position.
GB
8
Write-protect switch
12
D CPU Lenses with Aperture Rings
In the case of CPU lenses equipped with an aperture ring (0 75), lock aperture at the
minimum setting (highest f-number).
A Detaching the Lens
Be sure the camera is off when removing or exchanging
lenses. To remove the lens, press and hold the lens release
button (q) while turning the lens clockwise (w). After
removing the lens, replace the lens caps and camera body
cap.
A Retracting Lenses with Retractable Lens Barrel Buttons
To retract the lens when the camera is not in use, hold the
retractable lens barrel button (q) and rotate the zoom ring
to the “L” (lock) position as shown (w). Retract the lens before
removing it from the camera, and be careful not to press the
retractable lens barrel button when attaching or removing
the lens.
A The Camera Clock
The camera clock is less accurate than most watches and household clocks. Check the clock
regularly against more accurate time pieces and reset as necessary.
A The Clock Battery
The camera clock is powered by an independent, rechargeable power source, which is
charged as necessary when the main battery is installed or the camera is powered by an
optional EP-5A power connector and EH-5b AC adapter (0 76). Three days of charging will
power the clock for about a month. If a message warning that the clock is not set is displayed
when the camera is turned on, the clock battery is exhausted and the clock has been reset.
Set the clock to the correct time and date.
X
13
s
Basic Photography
Battery Level and Card Capacity
Before shooting, check the battery level and number of exposures remaining.
s
1 Turn the camera on.
2 Check the battery level.
Check the battery level in the information
display (if the battery is low, a warning will also
be displayed in the viewfinder).
off, press the P button to view the information
display; if the monitor does not turn on, the
battery is exhausted and must be recharged.
The information display and viewfinder show the
number of photographs that can be taken at
current settings (values over 1000 are rounded
down to the nearest hundred; e.g., values
between 1200 and 1299 are shown as 1.2 K).
warning is displayed stating that there is not
enough memory for additional photographs,
insert another memory card (0 8) or delete
some photos (0 25).
14
If a
“Point-and-Shoot” Photography
(i and j Modes)
This section describes how to take photographs in i and j modes,
automatic “point-and-shoot” modes in which the majority of settings
are controlled by the camera in response to shooting conditions.
1 Turn the camera on.
Remove the lens cap and turn the camera on. The information display will
appear in the monitor.
s
2 Select i or j mode.
To shoot where use of a flash is prohibited,
photograph infants, or capture natural lighting
under low light, select auto (flash off ) mode by
rotating the mode dial to j.
the dial to i (auto).
Otherwise, rotate
3 Ready the camera.
When framing photographs in the
viewfinder, hold the handgrip in your
right hand and cradle the camera
body or lens with your left.
elbows propped lightly against your
torso for support and place one foot
half a pace ahead of the other to keep your upper body
stable.
When framing photographs in portrait (tall)
orientation, hold the camera as shown at right.
In j mode, shutter speeds slow when lighting is poor; use
of a tripod is recommended.
Keep your
4 Frame the photograph.
Frame a photograph in the viewfinder with the
main subject in the AF area brackets.
Mode dial
AF area brackets
15
5 Press the shutter-release button halfway.
F
Press the shutter-release button halfway to
focus.
The active focus point will be displayed. If
the subject is poorly lit, the flash may pop up and
the AF-assist illuminator may light.
6 Check the indicators in the viewfinder.
s
When the focus operation is complete, a beep
will sound (a beep may not sound if the subject is
moving) and the in-focus indicator (I) will
appear in the viewfinder.
In-focus indicatorDescription
ISubject in focus.
I (flashes)
While the shutter-release button is pressed
halfway, the number of exposures that can be
stored in the memory buffer (“t”; 0 27) will be
displayed in the viewfinder.
Camera unable to focus using
autofocus. See page 31.
A Using a Zoom Lens
Use the zoom ring to zoom in on the subject so that it fills a
larger area of the frame, or zoom out to increase the area
visible in the final photograph (select longer focal lengths on
the lens focal length scale to zoom in, shorter focal lengths to
zoom out).
In-focus
indicator
Zoom in
ocus point
Buffer
capacit y
Zoom ring
If the lens is equipped with a retractable lens barrel button
(0 9), press and hold the button while rotating the zoom
ring until the lens is released and the message shown at right
is no longer displayed, and then adjust zoom using the zoom
ring.
16
Zoom out
7 Shoot.
Smoothly press the shutter-release button the
rest of the way down to release the shutter and
record the photograph.
lamp will light and the photograph will be
displayed in the monitor for a few seconds (the
photo will automatically clear from the display
when the shutter-release button is pressed
halfway).
or disconnect the power source until the lamp has
gone out and recording is complete.
Do not eject the memory card or remove
The memory card access
Memory card access
lamp
s
A Image Sensor Cleaning
The camera vibrates the low-pass filter covering the image sensor to remove dust when the
camera is turned on or off.
17
A The Shutter-Release Button
The camera has a two-stage shutter-release button.
release button is pressed halfway. To take the photograph, press the shutter-release button
the rest of the way down.
The camera focuses when the shutter-
s
Focus: press halfwayShoot: press all the way down
A The Standby Timer
The viewfinder and information display will turn off if no operations are performed for about
eight seconds, reducing the drain on the battery. Press the shutter-release button halfway to
reactivate the display. The length of time before the standby timer expires automatically can
be selected using Custom Setting c2 (Auto off timers; 0 66).
Exposure meters onExposure meters offExposure meters on
A The Built-in Flash
If additional lighting is required for correct exposure in i mode, the
built-in flash will pop up automatically when the shutter-release
button is pressed halfway (0 36). If the flash is raised, photographs
can only be taken when the flash-ready indicator (M) is displayed. If
the flash-ready indicator is not displayed, the flash is charging;
remove your finger briefly from the shutter-release button and try
again.
To save battery power when the flash is not in use, return it to its
closed position by pressing it gently downward till the latch clicks
into place.
18
Creative Photography (Scene Modes)
The camera offers a choice of “scene” modes. Choosing a scene mode
automatically optimizes settings to suit the selected scene, making
creative photography as simple as selecting a mode, framing a picture,
and shooting as described on pages 15–16.
The Mode Dial
The following scenes can be selected with the mode
dial:
kPortra it
Use for portraits with soft, natural-looking
skin tones.
background or a telephoto lens is used,
background details will be softened to
lend the composition a sense of depth.
Mode dial
If the subject is far from the
s
lLandscape
Use for vivid landscape shots in daylight.
The built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator
turn off; use of a tripod is recommended to
prevent blur when lighting is poor.
19
s
pChild
mSpor ts
nClose up
Use for snapshots of children. Clothing
and background details are vividly
rendered, while skin tones remain soft and
natural.
Fast shutter speeds freeze motion for
dynamic sports shots in which the main
subject stands out clearly.
flash and AF-assist illuminator turn off.
Use for close-up shots of flowers, insects,
and other small objects (a macro lens can
be used to focus at very close ranges).
of a tripod is recommended to prevent
blur.
The built-in
Use
20
Other Scenes
The following scenes can be selected by rotating the mode dial to h and rotating
the command dial until the desired scene appears in the monitor.
oNight Portrait
rNight Landscape
sParty/Indoor
Mode dialCommand dialMonitor
Use for a natural balance between the
main subject and the background in
portraits taken under low light.
tripod is recommended to prevent blur.
Reduce noise and unnatural colors when
photographing night landscapes,
including street lighting and neon signs.
The built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator
turn off; use of a tripod is recommended
to prevent blur.
Capture the effects of indoor background
lighting.
scenes.
Use for parties and other indoor
Use of a
s
21
tBeach/Snow
s
uSunset
vDusk/Dawn
Capture the brightness of sunlit expanses
of water, snow, or sand.
and AF-assist illuminator turn off.
Preserves the deep hues seen in sunsets
and sunrises.
assist illuminator turn off; use of a tripod is
recommended to prevent blur when
lighting is poor.
Preserves the colors seen in the weak
natural light before dawn or after sunset.
The built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator
turn off; use of a tripod is recommended
to prevent blur when lighting is poor.
The built-in flash and AF-
The built-in flash
wPe t Portra it
22
Use for portraits of active pets. The AFassist illuminator turns off.
xCandlelight
yBlossom
zAutumn Colors
For photographs taken by candlelight.
The built-in flash turns off; use of a tripod
is recommended to prevent blur when
lighting is poor.
Use for fields of flowers, orchards in
bloom, and other landscapes featuring
expanses of blossoms.
turns off; use of a tripod is recommended
to prevent blur when lighting is poor.
Captures the brilliant reds and yellows in
autumn leaves.
use of a tripod is recommended to prevent
blur when lighting is poor.
The built-in flash
The built-in flash turns off;
s
0Fo od
Use for vivid photographs of food. Use of
a tripod is recommended to prevent blur;
the built-in flash can also be used (0 36).
23
I
Playback and Deletion
Photographs are automatically displayed for a few seconds after shooting. If no
photograph is displayed in the monitor, the most recent picture can be viewed by
pressing the K button.
Viewing Photographs
I
1 Press the K button.
A photograph will be displayed in the
monitor.
K button
2 View additional pictures.
Additional pictures can be displayed by
pressing 4 or 2 or rotating the command
dial.
Display pictures
To display images in “contact sheets” of four, nine, or 72 images (thumbnail playback),
press the W (Q) button.
playback), press the W (Q) button when 72 images are displayed.
To view images taken on a selected date (calendar
24
Full -fram e
playback
W (Q)
X
W (Q)
X
Thumbnail playbackCalendar
playback
❚❚ Thumbnail Playback
t
Use the multi selector or command dial to
highlight images and press J to display the
highlighted image full frame.
the number of images displayed.
Press X to reduce
❚❚ Calendar Playback
Press the W (Q) button to toggle between the
date list and the list of thumbnails for the selected
date.
Use the multi selector to highlight dates in
the date list or to highlight pictures in the
thumbnail list.
date list to return to 72-frame playback.
Press X when the cursor is in the
Deleting Pictures
1 Display a picture and press the O
button.
Display the picture you wish to delete and
press the O button.
will be displayed; to exit without deleting
the picture, press K.
A confirmation dialog
W (Q) button
Thumbnail lis
I
Date list
O button
2 Press the O button again.
Press the O button again to delete the
picture.
25
z
More on Photography (All Modes)
Single-Frame, Continuous, Self-timer,
Remote, and Quiet Release Modes
Choose from the following release modes:
ModeDescription
Single frame: Camera takes one photograph each time shutter-release button is pressed.
8
Continuous L (continuous low speed): The camera takes photographs at about 3 frames per
!
z
second (fps) while the shutter-release button is pressed.
Continuous H (continuous high speed): The camera takes photographs at about 5 fps while
9
the shutter-release button is pressed.
Self-timer: Use self-timer for self-portraits or to reduce blurring caused by camera shake
E
(0 28).
Delayed remote (ML-L3): Shutter is released 2 s after shutter-release button on optional
"
ML-L3 (0 77) remote control is pressed (0 28).Quick-response re mote (ML-L3): Shutter is released when shutter-release button on optional
#
ML-L3 (0 77) remote control is pressed (0 28).Quiet shutter release: As for single frame, except that mirror does not click back into place
while shutter-release button is fully pressed, allowing user to control timing of click
J
made by mirror, which is also quieter than in single frame mode. Also, beep does not
sound when camera focuses, keeping noise to a minimum in quiet surroundings.
1 Press I (E/#).
A list of release mode options will be
displayed.
2 Choose a release mode.
Highlight a release mode and press J to return
to the information display.
taken immediately.
26
Photographs can be
I (E/#) button
A The Memory Buffer
The camera is equipped with a memory buffer for temporary storage, allowing shooting to
continue while photographs are being saved to the memory card. Up to 100 photographs
can be taken in succession; note, however, that frame rate will drop when the buffer is full.
While photographs are being recorded to the memory card, the memory card access lamp
will light (0 17). Depending on the battery level and the number of the images in the
buffer, recording may take from a few seconds to a few minutes. Do not remove the memory
card or remove or disconnect the power source until the access lamp has gone out. If the camera
is switched off while data remain in the buffer, the power will not turn off until all images in
the buffer have been recorded. If the battery is exhausted while images remain in the buffer,
the shutter release will be disabled and the images transferred to the memory card.
A Continuous Release Modes
Continuous release modes can not be used with the built-in flash; rotate the mode dial to j
(0 15) or turn the flash off (0 36–38).
A Buffer Size
The approximate number of images that can be stored in the
memory buffer at current settings is shown in the viewfinder
exposure-count display while the shutter-release button is pressed. The illustration shows
the display when space remains in the buffer for about 17 pictures.
z
27
Self-Timer and Remote Control Modes
The self-timer and optional ML-L3 remote control (0 77) allow the photographer to
be at a distance from the camera when a photo is taken.
1 Mount the camera on a tripod.
Mount the camera on a tripod or place the camera on a stable, level surface.
2 Select a release mode.
Select E (Self-timer), " (Delayed remote
(ML-L3)), or # (Quick-response remote
(ML-L3)) mode (0 26; note that if no
operations are performed for about a
z
minute after a remote control mode is
selected, the camera will automatically
return to single frame, continuous, or quiet shutter-release mode).
3 Frame the photograph.
Remote control mode: Check focus by pressing the shutter-release button halfway.
No photograph will be taken even if the button is pressed all the way down.
4 Take the photograph.
Self-timer mode: Press the shutter-release button
halfway to focus, and then press the button the
rest of the way down.
start to flash and a beep will begin to sound.
seconds before the photo is taken, the lamp will
stop flashing and the beeping will become more rapid.
released ten seconds after the timer starts.
The self-timer lamp will
I (E/#) button
Two
The shutter will be
Remote control mode: From a distance of 5 m (16 ft) or less,
aim the transmitter on the ML-L3 at either of the infrared
receivers on the camera (0 1, 2) and press the ML-L3
shutter-release button.
timer lamp will light for about two seconds before the
shutter is released.
timer lamp will flash after the shutter has been released.
Note that the timer may not start or a photograph may not be taken if the camera is
unable to focus or in other situations in which the shutter can not be released.
Turning the camera off cancels self-timer and remote control release modes and
restores single frame, continuous, or quiet shutter-release mode.
In delayed remote mode, the self-
In quick-response remote mode, the self-
28
❚❚ Using Optional WR-R10 and WR-T10 Wireless Remote Controllers (077)
When a WR-T10 is used in combination with
a WR-R10, the shutter-release button on the
WR-T10 performs the same functions as the
camera shutter-release button, allowing
wireless remote control continuous and
self-timer photography.
information, see the manual provided with
For more
WR-R10WR-T10
the WR-R10/WR-T10.
D Before Using the ML-L3 Remote Control
Before using the ML-L3 for the first time, remove the clear plastic battery-insulator sheet.
D Remote Control Photography
In quick-response (ML-L3) or delayed remote (ML-L3) release mode, the camera responds
only to the shutter-release button on the ML-L3 remote control. Choose a different release
mode when using WR-R10/WR-T10 wireless remote controllers.
A Cover the Viewfinder
When taking photos without your eye to the
viewfinder, remove the DK-20 rubber eyecup
(q) and insert the supplied DK-5 eyepiece cap
as shown (w). This prevents light entering via
the viewfinder interfering with exposure. Hold
the camera firmly when removing the rubber
eyecup.
DK-20 rubber eyecupDK-5 eyepiece cap
qw
z
D Using the Built-in Flash
Before taking a photograph with the flash in P, S, A, M, or 0 mode, press the M (Y) button to
raise the flash and wait for the M indicator to be displayed in the viewfinder (0 18). Shooting
will be interrupted if the flash is raised while a remote control mode is in effect or after the
self-timer has started. If the flash is required, the camera will only respond to the ML-L3
shutter-release button once the flash has charged. In auto, scene, and special effects modes
in which the flash pops up automatically, the flash will begin charging when a remote
control mode is selected; once the flash is charged, i t wi ll a uto mat icall y po p up and fire w hen
required.
In flash modes that support red-eye reduction, the red-eye reduction lamp will light for
about one second before the shutter is released in quick-response remote mode. In delayed
remote mode, the self-timer lamp will light for two seconds, followed by the red-eye
reduction lamp which lights for one second before the shutter is released.
A See Also
For information on choosing the duration of the self-timer and the number of shots taken,
see Custom Setting c3 (Self-timer; 0 66). For information on choosing how long the
camera will wait for a signal from the remote, see Custom Setting c4 (Remote on duration (ML-L3); 0 66). For information on controlling the beeps that sound when the self-timer
and remote control are used, see Custom Setting d1 (Beep; 0 66).
29
Focus
This section describes the focus options available when photographs are framed in
the viewfinder.
below), and the focus point for automatic or manual focus can be selected using the
multi selector.
Focus Mode
Choose from the following focus modes. Note that AF-S and AF-C are available only in
modes P, S, A, and M.
OptionDescription
Auto-servo
AF-A
AF
z
Single-servo AFFor stationary subjects. Focus locks when shutter-release button is
AF-S
Continuous-
AF-C
servo AF
MF Manual focus Focus using the lens focus ring.
1 Place the cursor in the information display.
If shooting information is not displayed in
the monitor, press the P button.
P button again to place the cursor in the
information display.
Focus can be adjusted automatically or manually (see “Focus Mode,”
Camera automatically selects single-servo autofocus if subject is
stationary, continuous-servo autofocus if subject is moving. Shutter can
only be released if camera is able to focus.
pressed halfway. Shutter can only be released if camera is able to focus.
For moving subjects. Camera focuses continuously while shutterrelease button is pressed halfway. If subject moves, camera will engage
predictive focus tracking to predict final distance to subject and adjust
focus as necessary (0 31). At default settings, shutter can only be
released if camera is able to focus.
Press the
2 Display focus-mode options.
Highlight the current focus mode in the
information display and press J.
3 Choose a focus mode.
Highlight a focus mode and press J. To re turn to
shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway.
30
P buttonInformation display
A Predictive Focus Tracking
In AF-C mode or when continuous-servo autofocus is selected in AF-A mode, the camera will
initiate predictive focus tracking if the subject moves toward the camera while the shutterrelease button is pressed halfway. This allows the camera to track focus while attempting to
predict where the subject will be when the shutter is released.
D Continuous-servo Autofocus
When Focus is selected for Custom Setting a1 (AF-C priority selection; 0 66) and the
camera is in AF-C mode or continuous-servo autofocus is selected in AF-A mode, the camera
gives higher priority to focus response (has a wider focus range) than in AF-S mode, and the
shutter may be released before the in-focus indicator is displayed.
A Getting Good Results with Autofocus
Autofocus does not perform well under the conditions listed below. The shutter release may
be disabled if the camera is unable to focus under these conditions, or the in-focus indicator
(I) may be displayed and the camera may sound a beep, allowing the shutter to be released
even when the subject is not in focus. In these cases, focus manually or use focus lock to
focus on another subject at the same distance and then recompose the photograph.
There is little or no contrast
between the subject and the
background.
Example: Subject is the same
color as the background.
The focus point contains
objects at different distances
from the camera.
Example: Subject is inside a
cage.
The subject is dominated by
regular geometric patterns.
Example: Blinds or a row of
windows in a skyscraper.
The focus point contains
areas of sharply contrasting
brightness.
Example: Subject is half in
the shade.
Background objects appear
larger than the subject.
Example: A building is in the
frame behind the subject.
The subject contains many
fine details.
Example: A field of flowers or
other subjects that are
small or lack variation in
brightness.
z
A See Also
For information on the focus modes available in live view, see page 46. For information on
using release priority in continuous-servo AF, see Custom Setting a1 (AF-C priority selection, 0 66). Custom Setting d1 (Beep; 0 66) can be used to turn the beep speaker on
or off.
31
AF-Area Mode
Choose how the focus point for autofocus is selected. Note that d (dynamic-area)
and f (3D-tracking) AF-area modes are not available when AF-S is selected for focus
mode.
OptionDescription
User selects focus point using multi selector (0 33); camera focuses
c Single-point AF
Dynamic-area AF
J
(9 points)
Dynamic-area AF
K
z
(21 points)
Dynamic-area AF
L
(39 points)
f 3D-tracking
e Auto-area AFCamera automatically detects subject and selects focus point.
on subject in selected focus point only. Use with stationary
subjects.
In AF-A and AF-C focus modes, user selects focus point using multi
selector (0 33), but camera will focus based on information from
surrounding focus points if subject briefly leaves selected point.
The number of focus points varies with the mode selected:
• 9-point dynamic-area AF: Choose when there is time to compose the
photograph or when photographing subjects that are moving
predictably (e.g., runners or race cars on a track).
• 21-point dynamic-area AF: Choose when photographing subjects that
are moving unpredictably (e.g., players at a football game).
• 39-point dynamic-area AF: Choose when photographing subjects that
are moving quickly and can not be easily framed in the viewfinder
(e.g., birds).
In AF-A and AF-C focus modes, user selects focus point using multi
selector (0 33). If subject moves after camera has focused, camera
uses 3D-tracking to select new focus point and keep focus locked on
original subject while shutter-release button is pressed halfway. Use
to quickly compose pictures with subjects that are moving
erratically from side to side (e.g., tennis players). If subject leaves
viewfinder, remove your finger from shutter-release button and
recompose photograph with subject in selected focus point.
1 Place the cursor in the information display.
If shooting information is not displayed in
the monitor, press the P button.
Press the
P button again to place the cursor in the
information display.
2 Display AF-area mode options.
Highlight the current AF-area mode in the
information display and press J.
32
P buttonInformation display
3 Choose an AF-area mode.
Highlight an option and press J. To re t u r n to
shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway.
Focus Point Selection
In manual focus mode or when autofocus is combined with AF-area modes other
than e (Auto-area AF), you can choose from 39 focus points, making it possible to
compose photographs with the main subject almost anywhere in the frame.
1 Choose an AF-area mode other than e
(Auto-area AF;
0 32).
2 Select the focus point.
Use the multi selector to select the focus point in
the viewfinder or information display while the
exposure meters are on.
center focus point.
Press J to select the
Focus point
z
A See Also
For information on the AF-area modes available in live view, see page 47. For information on
using the Fn button and the command dial to select an AF-area mode, see Custom Setting f1
(Assign Fn button, 0 66).
33
Image Quality and Size
Together, image quality and size determine how much space each photograph
occupies on the memory card.
sizes but also require more memory, meaning that fewer such images can be stored
on the memory card.
Image Quality
Choose a file format and compression ratio (image quality).
OptionFile typeDescription
NEF (RAW) +
JPEG fine
NEF (RAW) +
JPEG normal
NEF (RAW) +
z
JPEG basic
NEF (RAW)NEF
JPEG fine
JPEG normalRecord JPEG images at a compression ratio of roughly 1 : 8 (normal quality).
JPEG basicRecord JPEG images at a compression ratio of roughly 1 : 16 (basic quality).
Two images are recorded: one NEF (RAW) image and one fine-quality JPEG
image.
NEF/
Two images are recorded: one NEF (RAW) image and one normal-quality
JPEG
JPEG image.
Two images are recorded: one NEF (RAW) image and one basic-quality
JPEG image.
Raw 14-bit data from the image sensor are saved directly to the memory
card. Settings such as white balance and contrast can be adjusted after
shooting.
Record JPEG images at a compression ratio of roughly 1 : 4 (fine quality).
JPEG
1 Place the cursor in the information display.
If shooting information is not displayed in
the monitor, press the P button.
P button again to place the cursor in the
information display.
Larger, higher quality images can be printed at larger
Press the
2 Display image quality options.
Highlight the current image quality in the
information display and press J.
3 Choose a file type.
Highlight an option and press J. To re t urn to
shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway.
34
P buttonInformation display
Image Size
Choose a size for JPEG images (this option is not available for RAW-quality images;
0 34).
* Approximate size when printed at 300 dpi. Print size in inches equals image size in pixels
divided by printer resolution in dots per inch (dpi; 1 inch =approximately 2.54 cm).
*
1 Place the cursor in the information display.
If shooting information is not displayed in
the monitor, press the P button.
P button again to place the cursor in the
information display.
Press the
P buttonInformation display
2 Display image size options.
Highlight the current image size in the
information display and press J.
z
3 Choose an image size.
Highlight an option and press J. To re t u r n to
shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway.
A File Names
Photographs are stored as image files with names of the form “DSC_nnnn.xxx,” where nnnn
is a four-digit number between 0001 and 9999 assigned automatically in ascending order by
the camera, and xxx is one of the following three-letter extensions: “NEF” for NEF images,
“JPG” for JPEG images, or “MOV” for movies. The NEF and JPEG files recorded at a setting of
NEF (RAW)+JPEG have the same file names but different extensions.
A The Fn Button
Image quality and size can also be adjusted by rotating the command dial while keeping the
Fn button pressed. See Custom Setting f1 (Assign Fn button, 0 66).
35
Using the Built-in Flash
The camera supports a variety of flash modes for photographing poorly lit or backlit
subjects.
❚❚ Using the Built-in Flash: i, k, p, n, o, s, w, and g Modes
1 Choose a flash mode (0 37).
2 Take pictures.
The flash will pop up as required when the
shutter-release button is pressed halfway, and
fire when a photograph is taken.
z
not pop up automatically,
by hand.
damage the flash.
Failure to observe this precaution could
DONOT attempt to raise it
❚❚ Using the Built-in Flash: P, S, A, M, and 0 Modes
1 Raise the flash.
Press the M (Y) button to raise the flash.
2 Choose a flash mode (P, S, A, and M modes
only; 0 37).
If the flash does
3 Take pictures.
The flash will fire whenever a picture is taken.
A Lowering the Built-in Flash
To save power when the flash is not in use, press it gently downward
until the latch clicks into place.
36
M (Y) button
Flash Mode
The flash modes available vary with shooting mode:
If shooting information is not displayed in
the monitor, press the P button.
P button again to place the cursor in the
information display.
Press the
P buttonInformation display
z
2 Display flash mode options.
Highlight the current flash mode in the
information display and press J.
3 Choose a flash mode.
Highlight a mode and press J. To re t u r n to
shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway.
37
A Flash Modes
The flash modes listed on the previous page may combine one or more of the following
settings, as shown by the flash mode icon:
• AUTO (auto flash): When lighting is poor or subject is backlit, flash pops up automatically
when shutter-release button is pressed halfway and fires as required.
• j (red-eye reduction): Use for portraits.
reducing “red-eye.”
• j (off): Flash does not fire even when lighting is poor or subject is backlit.
• SLOW (slow sync): Shutter speed slows automatically to capture background lighting at night
or under low light. Use to include background lighting in portraits.
• REAR (rear-curtain sy nc): Flash fires just before shutter closes, creating a stream of light behind
moving light sources (below at right). If this icon is not displayed, flash will fire as the
shutter opens (front-curtain sync; the effect this produces with moving light sources is
shown below at left).
Red-eye reduction lamp lights before flash fires,
z
Front-curtain syncRear-curtain sync
A Choosing a Flash Mode
The flash mode can also be
selected by rotating the
command dial while keeping the
M (Y) button pressed (in P, S, A, M,
and 0 modes, raise the flash
before using the M (Y) button to
choose the flash mode).
M (Y) buttonCommand dialInformation display
A The Built-in Flash
For information on the lenses that can be used with the built-in flash, see the Reference
Manual. Remove lens hoods to prevent shadows. The flash has a minimum range of 0.6 m
(2 ft) and can not be used in the macro range of zoom lenses with a macro function.
The shutter release may be briefly disabled to protect the flash after it has been used for
several consecutive shots. The flash can be used again after a short pause.
+
A Shutter Speeds Available with the Built-in Flash
Shutter speed is restricted to the following ranges when the built-in flash is used:
ModeShutter speedModeShutter speed
i, k, p, s, w, g, P, A
n, 0
o
Shutter speeds as slow as 30 s are available in slow sync, rear curtain + slow sync, and slow
sync + red-eye reduction modes.
38
1
/200–1/60 sS
1
/200–1/125 sM
1
/200–1 s
1
/200–30 s
1
/200–30 s, Bulb
ISO Sensitivity
“ISO sensitivity” is the digital equivalent of film speed. The higher the ISO sensitivity,
the less light needed to make an exposure, allowing higher shutter speeds or smaller
apertures, but the more likely the image is to be affected by noise (randomly-spaced
bright pixels, fog, or lines; noise is particularly likely at settings between Hi 0.3
(equivalent to ISO 8000) and Hi 2 (equivalent to ISO 25600)).
the camera to set ISO sensitivity automatically in response to lighting conditions.
ModeISO sensitivity
i, j, %Auto
P, S, A, M100–6400 in steps of 1/3 EV; Hi 0.3, Hi 0.7, Hi 1, Hi 2
Other shooting modesAuto; 100–6400 in steps of 1/3 EV; Hi 0.3, Hi 0.7, Hi 1, Hi 2
Choosing Auto allows
1 Place the cursor in the information display.
If shooting information is not displayed in
the monitor, press the P button.
P button again to place the cursor in the
information display.
Press the
P buttonInformation display
2 Display ISO sensitivity options.
Highlight the current ISO sensitivity in the
information display and press J.
3 Choose an ISO sensitivity.
Highlight an option and press J. To re t u r n to
shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway.
z
A See Also
Auto ISO sensitivity control can be enabled in modes P, S, A, and M using the Auto ISO
sensitivity control option in the ISO sensitivity settings menu (0 66). For information on
using the High ISO NR option in the shooting menu to reduce noise at high ISO sensitivities,
see page 66. For information on using the Fn button and the command dial to select ISO
sensitivity, see Custom Setting f1 (Assign Fn button, 0 66).
39
Interval Timer Photography
The camera is equipped to take photographs automatically at preset intervals.
D Before Shooting
Before beginning interval timer photography, take a test shot at current settings and view
the results in the monitor. To ensure that shooting starts at the desired time, select Time zone and date in the setup menu and check that the camera clock is set correctly (0 66).
Use of a tripod is recommended. Mount the camera on a tripod before shooting begins. To
ensure that shooting is not interrupted, be sure the battery is fully charged or use an
optional EH-5b AC adapter and EP-5A power connector.
1 Select Interval timer shooting.
Press the G button to display the menus.
z
Highlight Interval timer shooting in the
shooting menu and press 2.
2 Choose a starting time.
Choose from the following starting triggers.
• To start shooting immediately, highlight Now
and press 2.
seconds after settings are completed;
proceed to Step 3.
• To choose a starting time, highlight Start time
and press 2 to display the start time
options shown at right.
highlight hours or minutes and press 1 or
3 to change.
Shooting begins about three
Press 4 or 2 to
Press 2 to continue.
G button
3 Choose the interval.
Press 4 or 2 to highlight hours, minutes, or
seconds and press 1 or 3 to choose an
interval longer than the slowest anticipated
shutter speed.
40
Press 2 to continue.
4 Choose the number of intervals.
Press 4 or 2 to highlight number of
intervals (i.e., the number of times the
camera shoots); press 1 or 3 to change.
Press 2 to continue.
5 Start shooting.
Highlight On and press J (to return to the
shooting menu without starting the interval
timer, highlight Off and press J).
series of shots will be taken at the specified
starting time, or after about 3 s if Now was
selected for Choose start time in Step 2.
interval until all shots have been taken.
the time needed to record the image to the memory card may vary from shot to
shot, intervals may be skipped if the camera is still in the process of recording
the previous interval.
example, if a shutter speed of “Bulb” is currently selected in shooting mode M or
the start time is in less than a minute), a warning will be displayed in the
monitor.
If shooting can not proceed at current settings (for
The first
Shooting will continue at the selected
Note that because shutter speed and
z
A Cover the Viewfinder
To prevent light entering via the viewfinder interfering with exposure, remove the rubber
eyecup and cover the viewfinder with the supplied DK-5 eyepiece cap (0 29).
A Other Settings
Settings can not be adjusted during interval timer photography. Regardless of the release
mode selected, the camera takes one photograph at each interval; in mode J, camera noise
will be reduced. Bracketing, multiple exposure, and high dynamic range (HDR) can not be
used.
A Interrupting Interval Timer Photography
To interrupt interval timer shooting, turn the camera off or rotate the mode dial to a new
setting. Returning the monitor to the storage position does not interrupt interval timer
shooting.
41
t
P, S, A, and M Modes
P, S, A, and M modes offer different degrees of control over shutter
speed and aperture:
ModeDescription
Camera sets shutter speed and aperture for optimal exposure.
Recommended for snapshots and in other situations in which
there is little time to adjust camera settings.
User chooses shutter speed; camera selects aperture for best
results. Use to freeze or blur motion.
User chooses aperture; camera selects shutter speed for best
results. Use to blur background or bring both foreground and
background into focus.
User controls both shutter speed and aperture. Shutter speeds of
“Bulb” and “Time” are available for long time-exposures of
fireworks or the night sky.
t
Programmed auto
P
(0 43)
Shutter-priority auto
S
(0 43)
Aperture-prior ity auto
A
(0 43)
Manual (0 43)
M
A Shutter Speed and Aperture
The same exposure can be achieved with different combinations of shutter speed and
aperture. Fast shutter speeds and large apertures freeze moving objects and soften
background details, while slow shutter speeds and small apertures blur moving objects and
bring out background details.
Shutter speedAperture
42
Fast shutter speed
1
(
/1600 s)
Slow shutter speed
(1 s)
Large aperture (f/5.6)Small aperture (f/22)
(Remember, the higher the f-number, the
smaller the aperture.)
Mode P (Programmed Auto)
In this mode, the camera automatically adjusts shutter speed and
aperture for optimal exposure in most situations.
User can rotate command dial to choose from different combinations
of shutter speed and aperture that will produce optimal exposure.
Mode S (Shutter-Priority Auto)
In shutter-priority auto, you choose the shutter
speed while the camera automatically selects the
aperture that will produce the optimal exposure.
To choose a shutter speed, rotate the command
dial.
Command dial
Mode A (Aperture-Priority Auto)
In aperture-priority auto, you choose the aperture
while the camera automatically selects the shutter
speed that will produce the optimal exposure.
To choose an aperture, rotate the command dial
(the maximum and minimum values for aperture
vary with the lens used).
Command dial
Command dial
t
Mode M (Manual)
In manual mode, you control both shutter speed
and aperture.
Shutter speed is set by rotating the command dial,
aperture by rotating the command dial while
keeping the E (N) button pressed (the maximum
and minimum values for aperture vary with the
lens used).
indicator.
A The Exposure Indicator
Check exposure using the exposure
Optimal exposureUnderexposed by 1/3 EVOverexposed by over 2 EV
E (N) button
Command dial
43
Exposure Compensation (Mode P, S, A, and %
Only)
Exposure compensation is used to alter exposure from the value suggested by the
camera, making pictures brighter or darker.
(underexposure) and +5 EV (overexposure) in increments of
positive values make the subject brighter while negative values make it darker.
Choose from values between –5 EV
1
/3 EV. In general,
1 Place the cursor in the information display.
If shooting information is not displayed in
the monitor, press the P button.
P button again to place the cursor in the
information display.
t
2 Display exposure compensation options.
Highlight exposure compensation in the
information display and press J.
Press the
P buttonInformation display
3 Choose a value.
Highlight a value and press J. To return to
shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway.
No rma l expo sure ca n be re store d by setting exposure compensation to ±0.
compensation is not reset when the camera is turned off, but is reset if you select
another mode after choosing %.
A The E (N) Button
Exposure compensation can also be
set by rotating the command dial
while keeping the E (N) button
pressed.
E (N) button Command dial
44
Exposure
x
Live View
Framing Photographs in the Monitor
Follow the steps below to take photographs in live view.
1 Rotate the live view switch.
The mirror will be raised and the view through
the lens will be displayed in the camera monitor.
The subject will no longer be visible in the
viewfinder.
2 Position the focus point.
Position the focus point over your subject as
described on page 48.
3 Focus.
Press the shutter-release button halfway. The
focus point will flash green while the camera
focuses.
point will be displayed in green; if the camera is unable to focus, the focus point
will flash red (note that pictures can be taken even when the focus point flashes
red; check focus in the monitor before shooting).
exposure can be locked by pressing the A (L) button.
If the camera is able to focus, the focus
Live view switch
Focus point
Except in i and j modes,
x
4 Take th e picture.
Press the shutter-release button the rest of the
way down.
memory card access lamp lights during
recording.
card or unplug the optional AC adapter until
recording is complete.
complete, the photograph will be displayed in the monitor for a few seconds or
until the shutter-release button is pressed halfway.
to live view mode.
The monitor turns off and the
Do not remove the battery or memory
When shooting is
To exit, rotate the live view switch.
Memory card access lamp
The camera will then return
45
Focusing in Live View
Follow the steps below to choose focus and AF-area modes and position the focus
point.
❚❚ Choosing a Focus Mode
The following focus modes are available in live view (note that full-time–servo AF is
not available in g and ( modes):
OptionDescription
AF-S Single-servo AF
AF-F Full-time-servo AF
MF Manual focusFocus using the lens focus ring.
For stati onary sub jects. Focus locks when shutter-release button is
pressed halfway.
For moving subjects. Camera focuses continuously until shutterrelease button is pressed. Focus locks when shutter-release
button is pressed halfway.
1 Place the cursor in the information
display.
Press the P button to place the cursor in the
information display.
x
P button
2 Display focus options.
Highlight the current focus mode in the
information display and press J.
3 Choose a focus option.
Highlight an option and press J. To re tu rn to liv e
view, press P.
46
❚❚ Choosing an AF-Area Mode
In modes other than i, j, and (, the following AF-area modes can be selected in
live view (note that subject-tracking AF is not available in %, g, and 3 modes):
OptionDescription
Face -priority AF
6
Wide-area AF
7
Normal-area AF
8
Subject-tracking AF Track a selected subject as it moves through the frame.
9
The camera automatically detects and focuses on portrait
subjects. Use for portraits.
Use for hand-held shots of landscapes and other non-portrait
subjects. Use the multi selector to select the focus point.
Use for pin-point focus on a selected spot in the frame. A tripod is
recommended.
1 Place the cursor in the information
display.
Press the P button to place the cursor in the
information display.
P button
2 Display AF-area modes.
Highlight the current AF-area mode in the
information display and press J.
3 Choose an AF-area mode.
Highlight an option and press J. To re turn to li ve
view, press P.
x
47
❚❚ Choosing the Focus Point
t
The method for selecting the focus point for autofocus
varies with the option selected for AF-area mode
(0 47).
6 (face-priority AF): A double yellow border will be
displayed when the camera detects a portrait subject
(if multiple faces, up to a maximum of 35, are detected,
the camera will focus on the closest subject; to choose
a different subject, use the multi selector).
camera can no longer detect the subject (because, for
example, the subject has turned to face away from the
camera), the border will no longer be displayed.
7/8 (wide- and normal-area AF): Use the multi selector to
move the focus point anywhere in the frame, or press
J to position the focus point in the center of the
frame.
If the
x
9 (subject-tracking AF): Position the focus point over
your subject and press J.
the selected subject as it moves through the frame.
end focus tracking, press J a second time.
The focus point will track
Focus poin
Focus point
To
Focus point
D Subject Tracking
The camera may be unable to track subjects if they move quickly, leave the frame or are
obscured by other objects, change visibly in size, color, or brightness, or are too small, too
large, too bright, too dark, or similar in color or brightness to the background.
48
The Live View Display
y
q
w
e
r
u
i
o
!0
t
:
ItemDescription0
Shooting modeThe mode currently selected with the mode dial.
q
“No movie” icon Indicates that movies can not be recorded.—
w
Time remaining
e
Microphone
r
sensitivity
Sound level
t
Focu s modeThe current focus mode.46
y
AF-area modeThe current AF-area mode.47
u
Time remaining
i
(movie mode)
Movie frame
o
size
Manual movie
settings
!0
indicator
Focu s point
!1
Exposure
!2
indicator
The amount of time remaining before live view ends
automatically. Displayed if shooting will end in 30 s or less.
Microphone sensitivity for movie recording.55
Sound level for audio recording. Displayed in red if level is too
high; adjust microphone sensitivity accordingly.
The recording time remaining in movie mode.53
The frame size of movies recorded in movie mode.55
Displayed when On is selected for Manual movie settings in
mode M.
The current focus point.
selected for AF-area mode (0 47).
Indicates whether the photograph would be under- or overexposed at current settings (mode M only).
The display varies with the option
!1
!2
15, 19,
42, 58
51, 56
x
55
56
48
43
Note: Display shown with all indicators lit for illustrative purposes.
49
A Live View/Movie Recording Display Options
Press the R button to cycle through display options as shown below.
Circled areas indicate edges of movie frame crop
Show photo
indicators
* A crop showing the area recorded is displayed during movie recording when frame sizes
other than 640 × 424 are selected for Movie settings > Frame size/frame rate in the
shooting menu (0 55; the area outside the movie frame crop is grayed out when movie
indicators are displayed).
Show movie
indicators (0 53)
Hide indicators
*
*
Framing grid
A Automatic Scene Selection (Scene Auto Selector)
If live view is selected in i or j mode, the camera will automatically analyze the subject and
select the appropriate shooting mode when autofocus is enabled. The selected mode is
shown in the monitor (0 49).
x
Port raitHuman portrait subjects
c
LandscapeLandscapes and cityscapes
d
Close upSubjects close to the camera
e
Night portrait Portrait subjects framed against a dark background
f
Auto
Z
Auto (flash off)
b
Subjects suited to i or j mode or that do not fall into the categories
listed above
A Exposure
Depending on the scene, exposure may differ from that which would be obtained when live
view is not used. Metering in live view is adjusted to suit the live view display, producing
photographs with exposure close to what is seen in the monitor. In P, S, A, and % modes,
exposure can be adjusted by ±5 EV in increments of 1/3 EV by rotating the command dial
while keeping the E (N) button pressed. Note that the effects of values over +3 EV or under
–3 EV can not be previewed in the monitor.
*
50
D Shooting in Live View Mode
To prevent light entering via the viewfinder from interfering with exposure, remove the
rubber eyecup and cover the viewfinder with the supplied DK-5 eyepiece cap before
shooting (0 29).
Although they will not appear in the final picture, distortion may be visible in the monitor if
the camera is panned horizontally or an object moves at high speed through frame.
light sources may leave after-images in the monitor when the camera is panned. Bright
spots may also appear. Flicker and banding visible in the monitor under fluorescent,
mercury vapor, or sodium lamps can be reduced using Flicker reduction (0 66), although
they may still be visible in the final photograph at some shutter speeds. When shooting in
live view mode, avoid pointing the camera at the sun or other strong light sources. Failu re to
observe this precaution could result in damage to the camera’s internal circuitry.
Live view ends automatically if the lens is removed or when the monitor is closed (closing
the monitor does not end live view on televisions or other external displays).
Live view may end automatically to prevent damage to the camera’s internal circuits; exit live
view when the camera is not in use.
circuits may rise and noise (bright spots, randomly-spaced bright pixels, or fog) may be
displayed in the following instances (the camera may also become noticeably warm, but this
does not indicate a malfunction):
• The ambient temperature is high
• The camera has been used for extended periods in live view or to record movies
• The camera has been used in continuous release mode for extended periods
If live view does not start when you attempt to start live view, wait for the internal circuits to
cool and then try again.
Note that the temperature of the camera’s internal
Bright
D The Count Down Display
A count down will be displayed 30 s before live view ends automatically (049
red 5 s before the auto off timer expires or if live view is about to end to protect the internal
circuits).
view is selected. Note that although the count down does not appear in the information
display or during playback, live view will still end automatically when the timer expires.
Depending on shooting conditions, the timer may appear immediately when live
; the timer turns
x
51
D Using Autofocus in Live View
Autofocus is slower in live view and the monitor may brighten or darken while the camera
focuses. The camera may be unable to focus in the following situations:
• The subject contains lines parallel to the long edge of the frame
• The subject lacks contrast
• The subject in the focus point contains areas of sharply contrasting brightness, or the
subject is lit by spot lighting or by a neon sign or other light source that changes in
brightness
• Flicker or banding appears under fluorescent, mercury-vapor, sodium-vapor, or similar
lighting
• A cross (star) filter or other special filter is used
• The subject appears smaller than the focus point
• The subject is dominated by regular geometric patterns (e.g., blinds or a row of windows
in a skyscraper)
• The subject is moving
Note that the focus point may sometimes be displayed in green when the camera is unable
to focus.
x
52
y
Recording and Viewing Movies
Recording Movies
Movies can be recorded in live view mode.
1 Rotate the live view switch.
The mirror is raised and the view through the lens is
displayed in the monitor instead of the viewfinder.
D The 0 Icon
A 0 icon (0 49) indicates that movies can not be recorded.
A Before Recording
Set aperture before recording in mode A or M.
2 Focus.
Frame the opening shot and focus as described in Steps 2
and 3 of “Framing Photographs in the Monitor” (0 45; see
also “Focusing in Live View” on pages 0 46–48).
the number of subjects that can be detected in facepriority AF drops during movie recording.
3 Start recording.
Press the movie-record button to start recording. A
recording indicator and the time available are displayed in
the monitor.
locked by pressing the A (L) button or (in modes P, S, A,
and %) altered by up to ±3 EV in steps of
the E (N) button and rotating the command dial (note
that depending on the brightness of the subject, changes
to exposure may have no visible effect).
Except in i and j modes, exposure can be
1
Note that
/3 EV by pressing
Live view switch
y
Movie-record button
Recording indicator
Time remaining
53
4 End recording.
Press the movie-record button again to end recording. Recording will end
automatically when the maximum length is reached, the memory card is full,
another mode is selected, the lens is removed, or the monitor is closed (closing
the monitor does not end recording on televisions or other external displays).
A Taking Photographs During Movie Recording
To end movie recording, take a photograph, and exit to live view, press the shutter-release
button all the way down and hold it in this position until the shutter is released.
A Maximum Length
The maximum length for individual movie files is 4 GB (for maximum recording times, see
page 55); note that depending on memory card write speed, shooting may end before this
length is reached (0 77).
D Recording Movies
Flicker, banding, or distortion may be visible in the monitor and in the final movie under
fluorescent, mercury vapor, or sodium lamps or if the camera is panned horizontally or an
object moves at high speed through frame (flicker and banding can be reduced using
Flicker reduction; 0 66). Bright light sources may leave after-images when the camera is
panned. Jagged edges, color fringing, moiré, and bright spots may also appear. Bright
bands may appear in some areas of the frame if the subject is briefly illuminated by a flash or
other bright, momentary light source. When recording movies, avoid pointing the camera at
y
the sun or other strong light sources. Failure to observe this precaution could result in
damage to the camera’s internal circuitry.
The camera can record both video and sound; do not cover the microphone during
recording. Note that the built-in microphone may record lens noise during autofocus and
vibration reduction.
Flash lighting can not be used during movie recording.
Live view may end automatically to prevent damage to the camera’s internal circuits; exit live
view when the camera is not in use. Note that the temperature of the camera’s internal
circuits may rise and noise (bright spots, randomly-spaced bright pixels, or fog) may be
displayed in the following instances (the camera may also become noticeably warm, but this
does not indicate a malfunction):
• The ambient temperature is high
• The camera has been used for extended periods in live view or to record movies
• The camera has been used in continuous release mode for extended periods
If live view does not start when you attempt to start live view or movie recording, wait for the
internal circuits to cool and then try again.
Matrix metering is used regardless of the metering method selected. Shutter speed and ISO
sensitivity are adjusted automatically unless On is selected for Manual movie settings
(0 56) and the camera is in mode M.
54
Movie Settings
Use the Movie settings option in the shooting menu to adjust the following settings.
• Frame size/frame rate, Movie quality: Choose from the following options.
frame rate depends on the option currently selected for Video mode in the setup
menu (0 66):
Frame size/frame rateMovie quality
Maximum bit rate (Mbps)
60i
1
(★ high quality/Normal)
2
3
2
3
24/1220 min./29 min. 59 s
Frame size (pixels)Frame rate
L/t
M/u50i
N/r30p
1920 × 1080
O/s25p
P/k24p
Q/l
R/o50p
S/n
T/p25p
1Listed value. Actual frame rates for 60p, 50p, 30p, 25p, and 24p are 59.94, 50, 29.97, 25, and
23.976 fps respectively.
2Available when NTSC is selected for Video mode.
3Available when PA L is selected for Video mode.
4 Movies recorded in miniature effect mode are up to three minutes long when played back.
1280 × 720
640 × 424
60p
30p
2
3
2
3
8/5
Maximum length
(★ high quality/Normal)
29 min. 59 s/
29 min. 59 s
• Microphone: Turn the built-in or optional ME-1 stereo microphones (0 56, 77) on
or off or adjust microphone sensitivity.
Choose Auto sensitivity to adjust
sensitivity automatically, Microphone off to turn sound recording off; to select
microphone sensitivity manually, select Manual sensitivity and choose a
sensitivity.
The
4
y
A The Movie Crop
The movie crop can be viewed during live view by pressing the R button to select the “show
movie indicators”, “hide indicators”, or “framing grid” display (0 50). A smaller crop (shown
by the illustration below at left) is used for movies with a Frame size/frame rate of 1920 ×
1080 60i or 50i; during shooting, this crop is enlarged to fill the monitor as shown below at
right.
1920 × 1080 60i/50i cropRecording in progress
55
• Manual movie settings: Choose On to allow manual
adjustments to shutter speed and ISO sensitivity when the
camera is in mode M.
1
fast as
frame rate:
50i or 50p, and
to values between ISO 100 and Hi 2 (0 39).
not in these ranges when live view starts, they will automatically be set to
supported values, and remain at these values when live view ends.
sensitivity is fixed at the value selected; the camera does not adjust ISO sensitivity
automatically when On is selected for ISO sensitivity settings > Auto ISO sensitivity control in the shooting menu (0 66).
/4000 s; the slowest speed available varies with the
1
/30 s for frame rates of 24p, 25p, and 30p, 1/50 s for
Shutter speed can be set to values as
1
/60 s for 60i or 60p. ISO sensitivity can be set
1 Select Movie settings.
Press the G button to display the menus.
Highlight Movie settings in the shooting
menu and press 2.
2 Choose movie options.
Highlight the desired item and press 2, then
y
highlight an option and press J.
If shutter speed and ISO sensitivity are
Note that ISO
G button
A Using an External Microphone
The optional ME-1 stereo microphone can be used to reduce noise caused by lens vibration
being recorded during autofocus.
D The Count-Down Display
A count down will be displayed 30 s before live view ends automatically (0 49). Depending
on shooting conditions, the timer may appear immediately when movie recording begins.
Note that regardless of the amount of recording time available, live view will still end
automatically when the timer expires. Wait for the internal circuits to cool before resuming
movie recording.
A See Also
For information on the indicators displayed in live view, see page 49. For information on
choosing focus and AF-area modes, see page 46. See page 52 for information on focusing in
live view.
56
Viewing Movies
Movies are indicated by a 1 icon in full-frame playback (0 24). Press J to start
playback.
1 iconLengthCurrent position/total length
Volum e
Movie progress barGuide
The following operations can be performed:
ToUseDescription
PausePause playback.
Play
Advance/
rewind
Skip 10 sRotate the command dial to skip ahead or back 10 s.
Adjust volume
Edit movie
Return to full-
frame playback
Exit to shooting
mode
X/W (Q)
A (L)
Resume playback when movie is paused or during rewind/
advance.
Speed increases with each press, from 2× to 4× to 8× to 16×;
keep pressed to skip to beginning or end of movie (first frame is
indicated by h in top right corner of monitor, last frame by i).
If playback is paused, movie rewinds or advances one frame at
a time; hold for continuous rewind or advance.
Press X to increase volume, W (Q) to decrease.
To edit movie, press A (L) while movie is paused.
/K Press 1 or K to exit to full-frame playback.
Press shutter-release button halfway.
photographs can be taken immediately.
Monitor will turn off;
A The 2 Icon
2 is displayed in full-frame and movie playback if the movie was
recorded without sound.
y
57
%
Special Effects
Special effects can be used when recording images.
Shooting with Special Effects
The following effects can be selected by rotating the mode dial to q and rotating
the command dial until the desired option appears in the monitor.
Mode dialCommand dialMonitor
%
A NEF (RAW)
If NEF (RAW)+JPEG is selected for image quality in %, g, (, or 3 mode, only the JPEG images
will be recorded (0 34). If NEF (RAW) is selected, fine-quality JPEG photographs will be
recorded instead of NEF (RAW) images.
A Continuous Release Modes
When g or ( is selected, the frame rate for continuous release will drop. If the memory
buffer fills, the camera will display a message indicating that recording is in progress and
shooting will be suspended until the message clears from the display.
A The Retouch Menu
The Color s ketch (0 67), Miniature effect (0 67), and Selective color (0 67) options in the
retouch menu can be used to apply these effects to existing pictures.
58
%Night Vision
g Color Sketch
(Miniature Effect
Use under conditions of darkness to
record monochrome images at high ISO
sensitivities (with some noise in the form
of randomly-spaced bright pixels, fog, or
lines).
Autofocus is available in live view
only; manual focus can be used if the
camera is unable to focus.
flash and AF-assist illuminator turn off; use
of a tripod is recommended to reduce blur.
The camera detects and colors outlines for
a color sketch effect.
mode play back like a slide show made up
of a series of stills.
chosen during live view (0 61); note that
the display refresh rate drops when live
view is in effect and that the frame rate
drops in continuous release modes.
Autofocus is not available during movie
recording.
Distant subjects appear as miniatures.
Miniature effect movies play back at high
speed, compressing 30 to 45 minutes of
footage shot at 1920 × 1080/30p into a
movie that plays back in about three
minutes.
live view (0 62); note that the display
refresh rate drops when live view is in
effect and that the frame rate drops in
continuous release modes.
recorded with movies; autofocus is not
available during movie recording.
built-in flash and AF-assist illuminator turn
off; use of a tripod is recommended when
lighting is poor.
The effect can be chosen during
The built-in
Movies shot in this
The effect can be
Sound is not
The
%
59
3 Selective Color
1Silhouette
2High Key
All colors other than the selected colors
are recorded in black and white.
can be chosen during live view (0 63).
The built-in flash turns off; use of a tripod
is recommended when lighting is poor.
Silhouette subjects against bright
backgrounds.
use of a tripod is recommended when
lighting is poor.
Use with bright scenes to create bright
images that seem filled with light.
built-in flash turns off.
The built-in flash turns off;
The effect
The
%
60
3Low Key
Use with dark scenes to create dark,
somber images with prominent
highlights.
of a tripod is recommended when lighting
is poor.
The built-in flash turns off; use
Options Available in Live View
❚❚ g Color Sketch
1 Select live view.
Rotate the live view switch to raise the mirror and display
the view through the lens in the monitor.
Live view switch
2 Adjust options.
Press J to display the options shown at right
(note that the options temporarily clear from the
display during autofocus).
highlight Vividness or Outlines and press 4 or
2 to change.
colors more saturated, or decreased for a washed-out, monochromatic effect,
while outlines can be made thicker or thinner.
lines also makes colors more saturated.
complete.
will continue in effect and will apply to photographs taken using the
viewfinder.
Vividness can be increased to make
To exit live view, rotate the live view switch. The selected settings
Press 1 or 3 to
Increasing the thickness of the
Press J to exit when settings are
%
61
❚❚ ( Miniature Effect
1 Select live view.
Rotate the live view switch to raise the mirror and display
the view through the lens in the monitor.
Live view switch
2 Position the focus point.
Use the multi selector to position the focus point
in the area that will be in focus and then press the
shutter-release button halfway to focus (note
that the options temporarily clear from the
display during autofocus).
miniature effect options from the display and enlarge the view in the monitor
for precise focus, press X.
To temporarily clear
Press W to restore the miniature effect display.
3 Display options.
Press J to display miniature effect options.
4 Adjust options.
%
Press 4 or 2 to choose the orientation of the area
that will be in focus and press 1 or 3 to adjust its
width.
5 Return to the live view display.
Press J to return to live view. To exit live view, rotate the live view switch. The
selected settings will continue in effect and will apply to photographs taken
using the viewfinder.
62
❚❚ 3 Selective Color
1 Select live view.
Rotate the live view switch to raise the mirror and display
the view through the lens in the monitor.
2 Display options.
Press J to display selective color options.
Live view switch
3 Select a color.
Frame an object in the white square in the center
of the display and press 1 to choose the color of
the object as one that will remain in the final
image (the camera may have difficulty detecting
unsaturated colors; choose a saturated color).
zoom in on the center of the display for more
precise color selection, press X.
Press W to zoom out.
4 Choose the color range.
Press 1 or 3 to increase or decrease the range of
similar hues that will be included in the final
image.
Choose from values between 1 and 7;
note that higher values may include hues from
other colors.
5 Select additional colors.
To select additional colors, rotate the command
dial to highlight another of the three color boxes
at the top of the display and repeat Steps 3 and 4
to select another color.
desired.
O (To remove all colors, press and hold O.
displayed; select Ye s ).
To deselect the highlighted color, press
Repeat for a third color if
Selected color
To
Color range
A confirmation dialog will be
%
63
6 Return to the live view display.
Press J to return to live view. During shooting, only objects of the selected
hues will be recorded in color; all others will be recorded in black-and-white.
exit live view, rotate the live view switch.
effect and will apply to photographs taken using the viewfinder.
The selected settings will continue in
To
%
64
U
Camera Menus
Most shooting, playback, and setup options can
be accessed from the camera menus.
menus, press the G button.
Ta bs
Choose from the following menus:
D: Playback• N: Retouch
•
C: Shooting• m/O: Recent settings or My Menu (defaults
•
A: Custom Settings
•
B: Setup
•
To view the
G button
to Recent settings)
Slider shows position in current menu.
Current settings are shown by icons.
Menu options
Options in current menu.
d
If a d icon appears at the bottom left corner of the
monitor, a description of the currently selected option or
menu can be displayed by pressing the W (Q) button.
Press 1 or 3 to scroll through the display. Press W (Q)
again to return to the menus.
U
W (Q) button
65
Menu Options
❚❚ D Playback Menu: Managing Images
Delete
Playback folder
Playback display options
❚❚ C Shooting Menu: Shooting Options
Reset shooting menu
Storage folder
Image quality
Image size
White balance
Set Picture Control
❚❚ A Custom Settings: Fine-Tuning Camera Settings
Reset custom settings
a Autofocus
a1 AF-C priority selection
a2 Number of focus points
a3 Built-in AF-assist illuminator
a4 Rangefinder
b Exposure
b1 EV steps for exposure cntrl
c Timers/AE lock
c1 Shutter-release button AE-L
Image review
Rotate tall
Slide show
Manage Picture Control
Auto distortion control
Color space
Active D-Ligh ting
HDR (high dynamic range)
Long exposure NR
c2 Auto off timers
c3 Self-timer
c4 Remote on duration(ML-L3)
d Shooting/display
d1 Beep
d2 Viewfinder grid display
d3 ISO display
d4 File number sequence
d5 Exposure delay mode
d6 Print date
DPOF print order
High ISO NR
ISO sensitivity settings
Release mode
Multiple exposure
Interval timer shooting
Movie settings
e Bracketing/flash
e1 Flash cntrl for built-in flash
e2 Auto bracketing set
Format memor y card
Monitor brightness
Info display format
Auto info display
Clean image sensor
Lock mirror up for cleaning
Image Dust Off ref photo
* Only available when compatible Eye-Fi memory card is inserted.
Video mode
HDMI
Flicker reduction
Time zone and date
Language
Image comment
Auto image rotation
66
Accessory terminal
Eye-Fi upload
Wireless mobile adapter
Firmware version
*
❚❚ N Retouch Menu: Creating Retouched Copies
D-Lighting
Red-eye correction
Trim
Monochrome
Filter effects
Color balance
Image overlay
NEF (RAW) processing
Resize
Quick retouch
Straighten
Distortion control
Fisheye
Color outline
Color sketch
Perspective control
Miniature effect
Selective color
Edit movie
❚❚ m Recent Settings/O My Menu (Defaults to m Recent Settings)
The recent settings menu lists the twenty most recently used settings.
A For More Information
Information on individual menu options is available using the camera’s on-board help
(0 65).
U
67
Using Camera Menus
The multi selector and J button are used to navigate the camera menus.
Move cursor up
J button: select highlighted item
Cancel and return to
previous menu
Move cursor down
Follow the steps below to navigate the menus.
Select highlighted item or
display sub-menu
1 Display the menus.
Press the G button to display the menus.
G button
2 Highlight the icon for the current menu.
Press 4 to highlight the icon for the current
menu.
3 Select a menu.
U
68
Press 1 or 3 to select the desired menu.
4 Position the cursor in the selected menu.
Press 2 to position the cursor in the selected
menu.
5 Highlight a menu item.
Press 1 or 3 to highlight a menu item.
6 Display options.
Press 2 to display options for the selected menu
item.
7 Highlight an option.
Press 1 or 3 to highlight an option.
8 Select the highlighted item.
Press J to select the highlighted item. To exit
without making a selection, press the G
button.
Note the following:
• Menu items that are displayed in gray are not currently available.
• While pressing 2 generally has the same effect as pressing J, there are some
cases in which selection can only be made by pressing J.
• To exit the menus and return to shooting mode, press the shutter-release button
halfway (0 18).
U
69
Q
q
ViewNX 2
Installing ViewNX 2
Install the supplied software to display and edit
photographs and movies that have been copied
to your computer.
confirm that your computer meets the system
requirements on page 71.
ViewNX 2 is available for download from the
websites listed on page viii.
Before installing ViewNX 2,
The latest version of
1 Start the computer and insert the installer CD.
2 Select a language.
If the desired language is not available,
click Region Selection to choose a
different region and then choose the
Q
desired language (region selection is
not available in the European release).
ViewNX 2
Your Imaging Toolbox
WindowsMac OS
Double-click
icon on desktop
Double-click
Wel come icon
Select region (if required)
w Select
e Click
TM
language
Next
3 Start the installer.
Click Install and follow the on-screen instructions.
A Installation Guide
For help installing ViewNX 2, click Installation Guide
in Step 3.
Click Install
70
4 Exit the installer.
WindowsMac OS
Click Ye sClick OK
The following software is installed:
• ViewNX 2• Apple QuickTime (Windows only)
5 Remove the installer CD from the CD-ROM drive.
A System Requirements
WindowsMac OS
• Photos/JPEG movies: Intel Celeron, Pentium 4, or
Core series, 1.6 GHz or better
• H.264 movies (playback): 3.0 GHz or better
Pentium D; Intel Core i5 or better
CPU
RAM
Hard-disk
space
Monitor
See the websites listed on page viii for the latest information on supported operating systems.
recommended when viewing movies with a
frame size of 1280 ×720 or more at a frame rate
of 30 fps or above or movies with a frame size
of 1920×1080 or more
• H.264 movies (editing): 2.6 GHz or better
Core 2 Duo
Pre-installed versions of Windows 7 Home Basic/
Home Premium/Professional/Enterprise/
Ultimate (64- and 32-bit editions; Service Pack 1),
OS
Windows Vista Home Basic/Home Premium/
Business/Enterprise/Ultimate (64- and 32-bit editions; Service Pack 2), or Windows XP Home Edition/
Professional (32-bit editions only; Service Pack 3).
• Windows 7/Windows Vista: 1 GB or more (2GB or more
recommended)
• Windows XP: 512 MB or more (2GB or more
recommended)
A minimum of 500 MB available on the startup disk (1 GB or more reco mmended)
Resolution: 1024×768 pixels (XGA) or more
(1280×1024 pixels (SXGA) or more recommended)
Color: 24-bit color (Tr ue C olo r) or more
• Photos/JPEG movies: Intel Core or Xeon
series
• H.264 movies (playback): Core Duo 2 GHz or
better; Intel Core i5 or better
recommended when viewing movies
with a frame size of 1280× 720 or more at
a frame rate of 30 fps or above or movies
with a frame size of 1920×1080 or more
• H.264 movies (editing): 2.6 GHz or better
Core 2 Duo
Mac OS X version 10.6.8, 10.7.5, or 10.8.2
512 MB or more (2 GB or more recommen ded)
Resolution: 1024×768 pixels (XGA) or more
(1280×1024 pixels (SXGA) or more recommended)
Color: 24-bit color (millions of colors) or more
Q
71
Using ViewNX 2
Copy Pictures to the Computer
1 Choose how pictures will be copied to the computer.
Choose one of the following methods:
• Direct USB connection: Turn the camera off and ensure that the memory card is
inserted in the camera.
supplied UC-E17 USB cable and then turn the camera on.
• SD card slot: If your computer is equipped with an SD card slot, the card can be
inserted directly in the slot.
• SD card reader: Connect a card reader (available separately from third-party
suppliers) to the computer and insert the memory card.
2 Start Nikon Transfer 2 component of ViewNX 2.
If a message is displayed prompting you to choose a program, select
Nikon Transfer 2.
Connect the camera to the computer using the
A Windows 7
If the following dialog is displayed, select Nikon Transfer 2 as described below.
1 Under Import pictures and videos, click
Change program. A program selection dialog
will be displayed; select Import File using
Q
Nikon Transfer 2 and click OK.
2 Double-click Import File.
3 Click Start Transfer.
At default settings, all the pictures on the
memory card will be copied to the computer.
72
Start Transfer
4 Terminate the connection.
If the camera is connected to the computer, turn the camera off and disconnect
the USB cable.
appropriate option in the computer operating system to eject the removable
disk corresponding to the memory card and then remove the card from the
card reader or card slot.
View Pictures
Pictures are displayed in ViewNX 2 when transfer is
complete.
A Starting ViewNX 2 Manually
• Windows: Double-click the ViewNX 2 shortcut on
the desktop.
• Mac OS: Click the ViewNX 2 icon in the Dock.
❚❚ Retouching Photographs
To crop pictures and perform such tasks as adjusting sharpness
and tone levels, click the Edit button in the ViewNX 2 toolbar.
❚❚ Editing Movies
To perform such tasks as trimming unwanted footage from
movies shot with the camera, click the Movie Editor button in
the ViewNX 2 toolbar.
If you are using a card reader or card slot, choose the
❚❚ Printing Pictures
Click the Print button in the ViewNX 2 toolbar. A dialog will be
displayed, allowing you to print pictures on a printer connected
to the computer.
A For More Information
Consult online help for more information on using
ViewNX 2.
Q
73
n
Technical Notes
Read this chapter for information on compatible accessories, cleaning and storing
the camera, and what to do if an error message is displayed or you encounter
problems using the camera.
Compatible Lenses
Compatible CPU Lenses
This ca mera sup ports autofocus wi th AF-S and AF-I C PU lenses only. AF-S lenses have
names beginning with AF-S, AF-I lenses names beginning with AF-I.
supported with other autofocus (AF) lenses.
The following table lists the features
available with compatible lenses in viewfinder photography:
Camera settingFo cusModeMetering
MF (with electronic
Lens/accessoryAF
AF-S, AF-I NIKKOR
Other type G or D AF NIKKOR
PC-E NIKKOR series—z
PC Micro 85mm f/2.8D
AF-S/AF-I teleconverter
Other AF NIKKOR (except lenses for F3AF)—z
AI-P NIKKOR—z
1 Use AF-S or AF-I lenses to get the most from your camera. Vibration Reduction (VR) supported with VR
lenses.
2 Spot metering meters selected focus point.
3 Can not be used with shifting or tilting.
4 The camera’s exposure metering and flash control systems may not function as expected when the
lens is shifted and/or tilted or an aperture other than the maximum aperture is used.
5AF-S or AF-I lens required.
6 With maximum effective aperture of f/5.6 or faster.
7 When AF 80–200mm f/2.8, AF 35–70mm f/2.8, AF 28–85mm f/3.5–4.5 (New), or AF 28–85mm f/3.5–4.5
n
lenses are zoomed all the way in at the minimum focus distance, the in-focus indicator may be
displayed when the image on the matte screen in the viewfinder is not in focus.
image in viewfinder is in focus.
8 With maximum aperture of f/5.6 or faster.
1
1
4
5
rangefinder)
z z zzzz— z
—z zzzz— z
—z
6
z
z
MF M Other modes
3
zz3z
3
zz—z— z
6
zzzz— z
7
zzz— ✔z
8
zzz— ✔z
Autofocus is not
3D Color
3
z3— z
Focus manually until
L
M
N
2
2
2, 3
2, 3
2
2
2
D IX NIKKOR Lenses
IX NIKKOR lenses can not be used.
A Lens f-number
The f-number given in lens names is the maximum aperture of the lens.
74
A Identifying CPU and Type G and D Lenses
CPU lenses can be identified by the presence of CPU contacts, type G and D lenses by a letter
on the lens barrel. Type G lenses are not equipped with a lens aperture ring.
CPU contactsAperture ring
CPU lensType G lensType D lens
n
75
Other Accessories
At the time of writing, the following accessories were available for the D5200.
• Power Connector EP-5A, AC Adapter EH-5b: These accessories can be used to power
the camera for extended periods (EH-5a and EH-5 AC adapters can also be
used). A power connector EP-5A is required to connect the camera to the
EH-5b, EH-5a, or EH-5.
• Filters intended for special-effects photography may interfere with autofocus
or the electronic rangefinder.
• The D5200 can not be used with linear polarizing filters. Use C-PL or C-PL II
circular polarizing filters instead.
• NC filters are recommended for protecting the lens.
• To prevent ghosting, use of a filter is not recommended when the subject is
framed against a bright light, or when a bright light source is in the frame.
• Center-weighted metering is recommended with filters with exposure factors
(filter factors) over 1 × (Y44, Y48, Y52, O56, R60, X0, X1, C-PL, ND2S, ND4, ND4S,
ND8, ND8S, ND400, A2, A12, B2, B8, B12). See the filter manual for details.
• DK-20C Eyepiece Correction Lenses: Lenses are available with diopters of –5, –4, –3,
–2, 0, +0.5, +1, +2, and +3 m
in the neutral position (–1 m–1). Use eyepiece correction lenses only if the
desired focus can not be achieved with the built in diopter adjustment control
(–1.7 to +0.7 m–1). Test eyepiece correction lenses before purchase to ensure
that the desired focus can be achieved.
with eyepiece correction lenses.
• Magnifier DG-2: The DG-2 magnifies the scene displayed in the center of the
viewfinder for greater precision during focusing. Eyepiece adapter required
(available separately).
• Eyepiece Adapter DK-22: The DK-22 is used when attaching the DG-2 magnifier.
• Right-Angle Viewing Attachment DR-6: The DR-6 attaches at a right angle to the
viewfinder eyepiece, allowing the image in the viewfinder to be viewed at
right angles to the lens (for example, from directly above when the camera is
horizontal).
• Capture NX 2: A complete photo editing package offering such features as white
balance adjustment and color control points.
• Camera Control Pro 2: Control the camera remotely from a computer to record
movies and photographs and save photographs directly to the computer hard
disk.
Note: Use the latest versions of Nikon software. Most Nikon software offers an
auto update feature when the computer is connected to the Internet. See the
websites listed on page viii for the latest information on supported operating
systems.
Body Cap BF-1B/Body Cap BF-1A: The body cap keeps the mirror, viewfinder screen,
and low-pass filter free of dust when a lens is not in place.
–1
when the camera diopter adjustment control is
The rubber eyecup can not be used
76
• Wireless Remote Control ML-L3 (0 28): The ML-L3 uses a 3 V CR2025 battery.
Remote
controls/
wireless
remote
controllers
Microphones Stereo Microphone ME-1 (0 56)
Accessory
terminal
accessories
USB and A/V
connector
accessories
* The WR-R10 wireless remote controller can not be attached at the same time as a WU-1a
wireless mobile adapter or ME-1 stereo microphone. Attempting to forcibly attach
accessories can damage the camera or accessory.
Pressing the battery-chamber latch to the right (q), insert a fingernail into the
gap and open the battery chamber (w). Ensure that the battery is inserted in
the correct orientation (r).
• Wireless Remote Controller WR-R10 */WR-T10: When a WR-R10 wireless remote
controller is attached, the camera can be controlled wirelessly using a WR-T10
wireless remote controller (0 29).
*
The D5200 is equipped with an accessory terminal for
WR-R10 wireless remote controllers, MC-DC2 remote cords and
GP-1 GPS units, which connect with the 4 mark on the
connector aligned with the 2 next to the accessory
terminal (close the connector cover when the terminal
is not in use).
• UC-E17 and UC-E6 USB cables (0 72)
• Wireless Mobile Adapter WU-1a *: Supports two-way communication between the
camera and smart devices running the Wireless Mobile Adapter Utility.
Approved Memory Cards
The following SD memory cards have been tested and approved for use in the D5200.
Cards with class 6 or faster write speeds are recommended for movie recording.
Recording may end unexpectedly when cards with slower write speeds are used.
1 Check that any card readers or other devices with which the card will be used support 2 GB cards.
2 Check that any card readers or other devices with which the card will b e used are SDHC-co mpliant.
camera supports UHS-1.
3 Check that any card readers o r other devices with which the card wi ll be used are
SDXC-compliant.
1
2GB
The camera supports UHS-1.
Other cards have not been tested.
4 GB, 8 GB, 16 GB, 32 GB64 GB
4 GB, 8 GB, 16 GB, 32 GB
For more details on the above cards, please
2
SDXC memory cards
contact the manufacturer.
—
The
3
n
77
Caring for the Camera
Storage
When the camera will not be used for an extended period, remove the battery and
store it in a cool, dry area with the terminal cover in place.
mildew, store the camera in a dry, well-ventilated area.
with naphtha or camphor moth balls or in locations that:
• are poorly ventilated or subject to humidities of over 60%
• are next to equipment that produces strong electromagnetic fields, such as
televisions or radios
• are exposed to temperatures above 50 °C (122 °F) or below –10 °C (14 °F)
Cleaning
Use a blower to remove dust and lint, then wipe gently with a soft, dry cloth. After
Camera
body
Lens,
mirror, and
viewfinder
Monitor
using the camera at the beach or seaside, wipe off sand or salt with a cloth lightly
dampened in distilled water and dry thoroughly. Important: Dust or other foreign matter inside the camera may cause damage not covered under warranty.
These glass elements are easily damaged. Remove dust and lint with a blower. If
using an aerosol blower, keep the can vertical to prevent the discharge of liquid. To
remove fingerprints and other stains, apply a small amount of lens cleaner to a soft
cloth and clean with care.
Remove dust and lint with a blower. When removing fingerprints and other stains,
wipe the surface lightly with a soft cloth or chamois leather. Do not apply pressure,
as this could result in damage or malfunction.
To prevent mold or
Do not store your camera
Do not use alcohol, thinner, or other volatile chemicals.
n
D Servicing the Camera and Accessories
The camera is a precision device and requires regular servicing. Nikon recommends that the
camera be inspected by the original retailer or Nikon-authorized service representative once
every one to two years, and that it be serviced once every three to five years (note that fees
apply to these services). Frequent inspection and servicing are particularly recommended if
the camera is used professionally. Any accessories regularly used with the camera, such as
lenses or optional flash units, should be included when the camera is inspected or serviced.
78
Caring for the Camera and Battery:
Cautions
Caring for the Camera
Do not drop: The product may malfunction if subjected to strong shocks or vibration.
Keep dry: This product is not waterproof, and may malfunction if immersed in water or exposed
to high levels of humidity. Rusting of the internal mechanism can cause irreparable damage.
Avoid sudden changes in temperature: Sudden changes in temperature, such as those that occur
when entering or leaving a heated building on a cold day, can cause condensation inside the
device. To prevent condensation, place the device in a carrying case or plastic bag before
exposing it to sudden changes in temperature.
Keep away from strong magnetic fields: Do not use or store this device in the vicinity of equipment
that generates strong electromagnetic radiation or magnetic fields. Strong static charges or
the magnetic fields produced by equipment such as radio transmitters could interfere with the
monitor, damage data stored on the memory card, or affect the product’s internal circuitry.
Do not leave the lens pointed at the sun: Do not leave the lens pointed at the sun or other strong light
source for an extended period. Intense light may cause the image sensor to deteriorate or
produce a white blur effect in photographs.
Turn the product off before removing or disconnecting the power source: Do not unplug the product or
remove the battery while the product is on or while images are being recorded or deleted.
Forcibly cutting power in these circumstances could result in loss of data or in damage to
product memory or internal circuitry. To prevent an accidental interruption of power, avoid
carrying the product from one location to another while the AC adapter is connected.
Cleaning: When cleaning the camera body, use a blower to gently remove dust and lint, then
wipe gently with a soft, dry cloth. After using the camera at the beach or seaside, wipe off any
sand or salt using a cloth lightly dampened in pure water and then dry the camera thoroughly.
The lens and mirror are easily damaged. Dust and lint should be gently removed with a blower.
When using an aerosol blower, keep the can vertical to prevent discharge of liquid. To re move
fingerprints and other stains from the lens, apply a small amount of lens cleaner to a soft cloth
and wipe the lens carefully.
See the Reference Manual for information on cleaning the low-pass filter.
Do not touch the shutter curtain: The shutter curtain is extremely thin and easily damaged. Under
no circumstances should you exert pressure on the curtain, poke it with cleaning tools, or
subject it to powerful air currents from a blower. These actions could scratch, deform, or tear
the curtain.
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79
Storage: To prevent mold or mildew, store the camera in a dry, well-ventilated area. If you are
using an AC adapter, unplug the adapter to prevent fire. If the product will not be used for an
extended period, remove the battery to prevent leakage and store the camera in a plastic bag
containing a desiccant. Do not, however, store the camera case in a plastic bag, as this may
cause the material to deteriorate.
moisture and should be replaced at regular intervals.
To prevent mold or mildew, take the camera out of storage at least once a month.
camera on and release the shutter a few times before putting it away.
Store the battery in a cool, dry place. Replace the terminal cover before putting the battery
away.
Notes on the monitor: The monitor is constructed with extremely high precision; at least 99.99% of
pixels are effective, with no more than 0.01% being missing or defective. Hence while these
displays may contain pixels that are always lit (white, red, blue, or green) or always off (black),
this is not a malfunction and has no effect on images recorded with the device.
Images in the monitor may be difficult to see in a bright light.
Do not apply pressure to the monitor, as this could cause damage or malfunction. Dust or lint
on the monitor can be removed with a blower. Stains can be removed by wiping lightly with a
soft cloth or chamois leather. Should the monitor break, care should be taken to avoid injury
from broken glass and to prevent liquid crystal from the monitor touching the skin or entering
the eyes and mouth.
Moiré: Moiré is an interference pattern created by the interaction of an image containing a
regular, repeating grid, such as the pattern of weave in cloth or windows in a building, with the
camera image sensor grid. If you notice moiré in your photographs, try changing the distance
to the subject, zooming in and out, or changing the angle between the subject and the
camera.
Note that desiccant gradually loses its capacity to absorb
Turn the
Caring for the Battery
Batteries may leak or explode if improperly handled. Observe the following precautions when
handling batteries:
• Use only batteries approved for use in this equipment.
• Do not expose the battery to flame or excessive heat.
• Keep the battery terminals clean.
• Turn the product off before replacing the battery.
• Remove the battery from the camera or charger when not in use and replace the terminal
n
cover. These devices draw minute amounts of charge even when off and could draw the
battery down to the point that it will no longer function. If the battery will not be used for
some time, insert it in the camera and run it flat before removing it and storing it in a location
with an ambient temperature of 15 °C to 25 °C (59 °F to 77 °F; avoid hot or extremely cold
locations). Repeat this process at least once every six months.
• Turning the camera on and off repeatedly when the battery is fully discharged will shorten
battery life. Batteries that have been fully discharged must be charged before use.
80
• The internal temperature of the battery may rise while the battery is in use. Attempting to
charge the battery while the internal temperature is elevated will impair battery
performance, and the battery may not charge or charge only partially. Wait for the battery
to cool before charging.
• Continuing to charge the battery after it is fully charged can impair battery performance.
• A marked drop in the time a fully charged battery retains its charge when used at room
temperature indicates that it requires replacement. Purchase a new EN-EL14 battery.
• Charge the battery before use. When taking photographs on important occasions, ready a
spare EN-EL14 battery and keep it fully charged. Depending on your location, it may be
difficult to purchase replacement batteries on short notice. Note that on cold days, the
capacity of batteries tends to decrease. Be sure the battery is fully charged before taking
photographs outside in cold weather. Keep a spare battery in a warm place and exchange
the two as necessary. Once warmed, a cold battery may recover some of its charge.
• Used batteries are a valuable resource; recycle in accord with local regulations.
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Error Messages
This section lists the indicators and error messages that appear in the viewfinder and
monitor.
A Warning Icons
A flashing d in the monitor or s in the viewfinder indicates that a warning or error message
can be displayed in the monitor by pressing the W (Q) button.
Indicator
SolutionMonitorViewfinder
Lock lens aperture ring
at minimum aperture
(largest f/-number).
Lens not attached
Before taking photos, rotate
the zoom ring to extend the
lens.
Shutter release disabled.
Recharge battery.
This battery cannot be used.
Choose battery designated
for use in this camera.
Initialization error. Turn
camera off and then on
again.
Battery level is low.
Complete operation and turn
camera off immediately.
Clock not set—Set camera clock.
No SD card inserted
Memory card is locked.
Slide lock to “write” position.( (flashes)
n
This memory card cannot be
used. Card may be damaged.
Insert another card.
This card is not formatted.
Format the card.
Card is full
B
(flashes)
F/s
(flashes)
F
(flashes)
d/s
(flashes)
d
(flashes)
d/k
(flashes)
—
S/s
(flashes)
(/k
(flashes)
T
(flashes)
j/A/s
(flashes)
Set lens aperture ring to minimum aperture (highest
f-number).
• Attach non-IX NIKKOR lens.
• If non-CPU lens is attached, select mode M.
A lens with a retractable lens barrel button is attached
with the lens barrel retracted. Press the retractable lens
barrel button and rotate the zoom ring to extend the lens.
Turn camera off and recharge or replace battery.
Use Nikon-approved battery.
Turn camera off, remove and replace battery, and then
turn camera on again.
End cleaning and turn camera off and recharge or
replace battery.
Turn camera off and confirm that card is correctly
inserted.
Memory card is locked (write protected). Slide card
write-protect switch to “write” position.
• Use approved card.
• Format card. If problem persists, card may be
damaged. Contact Nikon-authorized service
representative.
• Error creating new folder. Delete files or insert new
memory card.
• Insert new memory card.
Format card or turn camera off and insert new memory
card.
• Reduce quality or size.
• Delete photographs.
• Insert new memory card.
82
Indicator
SolutionMonitorViewfinder
●
—
Subject is too bright
Subject is too dark
No Bulb in S mode
Interval timer shooting—
—
—
Error. Press shutter release
button again.
Start-up error. Contact a
Nikon-authorized service
representative.
Metering error
Unable to start live view.
Please wait for camera to
cool.
Folder contains no images.—
Cannot display this file.—File can not be played back on camera.
Cannot select this file.—Images created with other devices can not be retouched.
(flashes)
(flashes)
A
(flashes)
(flashes)
(flashes)
O
(flashes)
Camera can not focus using autofocus.
composition or focus manually.
• Use a lower ISO sensitivity.
• Use commercial ND filter.
• In mode:
S Increase shutter speed
s
N
N/s
—
A Choose a smaller aperture (higher f-number)
% Choose another shooting mode
• Use a higher ISO sensitivity.
• Use flash.
• In mode:
S Lower shutter speed
A Choose a larger aperture (lower f-number)
Change shutter speed or select mode M.
Menus and playback are not available while interval
timer photography is in progress.
Flash has fired at full power. Check photo in monitor; if
underexposed, adjust settings and try again.
• Use the flash.
• Change distance to subject, aperture, flash range, or
ISO sensitivity.
• Lens focal length is less than 18 mm: use a longer focal
length.
• Optional SB-400 flash unit attached: flash is in bounce
position or focus distance is very short. Continue
shooting; if necessary, increase focus distance to
prevent shadows from appearing in photograph.
Release shutter. If error persists or appears frequently,
consult Nikon-authorized service representative.
Consult Nikon-authorized service representative.
Wait for the internal circuits to cool before resuming live
view or movie recording.
Folder selected for playback contains no images. Insert
another memory card or select a different folder.
Change
Turn camera off.
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83
Specifications
❚❚ Nikon D5200 Digital Camera
Type
TypeSingle-lens reflex digital camera
Lens mountNikon F mount (with AF contacts)
Effective angle of view
Effective pixels
Effective pixels24.1 million
Image sensor
Image sensor23.5 × 15.6 mm CMOS sensor
Tot al pixe ls24.71 million
Dust-reduction System Image sensor cleaning, Image Dust Off reference data (optional
Picture Control System Standard, Neutral, Vivid, Monochrome, Portrait, Landscape; selected
MediaSD (Secure Digital) and UHS-I compliant SDHC and SDXC memory cards
File systemDCF (Design Rule for Camera File System) 2.0, DPOF (Digital Print Order
Viewfinder
Viewfinde rEye-level pentamirror single-lens reflex viewfinder
Frame coverageApprox. 95% horizontal and 95% vertical
MagnificationApprox. 0.78 × (50 mm f/1.4 lens at infinity, –1.0 m–1)
Eyepoin t17.9 mm (–1.0 m–1; from center surface of viewfinder eyepiece lens)
Diopter adjustment–1.7– +0.7 m
Focusing screenType B BriteView Clear Matte Mark VII screen
Reflex mirrorQuick return
Nikon DX format; focal length equivalent to approx. 1.5× that of lenses
with FX format angle of view
Capture NX 2 software required)
• 2992 × 2000 (Small)
• JPEG: JPEG-Baseline compliant with fine (approx. 1 : 4), normal (approx.
1 : 8), or basic (approx. 1 : 16) compression
• NEF (RAW)+JPEG: Single photograph recorded in both NEF (RAW) and
JPEG formats
Picture Control can be modified; storage for custom Picture Controls
Format), Exif (Exchangeable Image File Format for Digital Still Cameras)
2.3, PictBridge
–1
84
Lens
Compatible lensesAutofocus is available with AF-S and AF-I lenses. Autofocus is not
available with other type G and D lenses, AF lenses (IX NIKKOR and lenses
for the F3AF are not supported), and AI-P lenses.
used in mode M, but the camera exposure meter will not function.
The electronic rangefinder can be used with lenses that have a
maximum aperture of f/5.6 or faster.
Frame advance rateUp to 3 fps (!) or 5 fps (9) (continuous-servo AF with Release
Self-timer2 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s; 1–9 exposures
Exposure
Metering modeTTL exposure metering using 2016-pixel RGB sensor
Metering method• Matrix metering: 3D color matrix metering II (type G and D lenses); color
Range (ISO 100, f/1.4
lens, 20 °C/68 °F)
Exposure meter
coupling
ModeAuto modes (i auto; j auto, flash off ); programmed auto with flexible
Exposure compensation
Bracketing
Exposure lockLuminosity locked at detected value with A (L) button
1
/4000 – 30 s in steps of 1/3 or 1/2 EV; Bulb; Time (requires optional ML-L3
selected for Custom Settings a1 [AF-C priority selection], manual or
shutter-priority auto exposure, a shutter speed of 1/250 s or faster, and
the remaining settings at default value)
matrix metering II (other CPU lenses)
• Center-weighted metering: Weight of 75% given to 8-mm circle in center
of frame
• Spot metering: Meters 3.5-mm circle (about 2.5% of frame) centered on
selected focus point
• Matrix or center-weighted metering: 0–20 EV
• Spot metering: 2 –20 EV
CPU
program (P); shutter-priority auto (S); aperture-priority auto (A); manual
(M); scene modes (k por trait; llandscape; p child; m sports; n close up; o night
portrait; r night landscape; sparty/indoor; t beach/snow; u sunset; v dusk/dawn; w pet
portrait; x candlelight; y blossom; z autumn colors; 0 food); special effects modes
(% night vision; g color sketch; ( miniature effect; 3 selective color; 1 silhouette; 2 high
key; 3 low key)
Can be adjusted by –5 – +5 EV in increments of 1/3 or 1/2 EV in P, S, A, and
M modes
• Exposure bracketing: 3 shots in steps of 1/3 or 1/2 EV
• White balance bracketing: 3 shots in steps of 1
• Active D-Lighting bracketing: 2 shots
Non-CPU lenses can be
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85
Exposure
ISO sensitivity
(Recommended
Exposure Index)
Active D-LightingAuto, extra high, high, normal, low, off
Focu s
AutofocusNikon Multi-CAM 4800DX autofocus sensor module with TTL phase
Detection range–1 – +19 EV (ISO 100, 20 °C/68 °F)
Lens servo• Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); continuous-servo AF (AF-C); auto
Focus pointCan be selected from 39 or 11 focus points
AF-area modeSingle-point AF, 9-, 21-, or 39- point dynamic-area AF, 3D-tracking, auto-
Focus loc kFocus can be locked by pressing shutter-release button halfway (single-
Flash
Built-in flashi, k, p, n, o, s, w, g: Auto flash with auto pop-up
Guide NumberApprox. 12/39, 13/43 with manual flash (m/ft, ISO 100, 20 °C/68 °F)
Flash controlTTL: i-TTL flash control using 2016-pixel RGB sensor is available with
Flash modeAuto, auto with red-eye reduction, auto slow sync, auto slow sync with
Flash compensation–3 – +1 EV in increments of 1/3 or 1/2 EV
Flash-ready indicatorLights when built-in flash or optional flash unit is fully charged; flashes
Accessory shoeISO 518 hot-shoe with sync and data contacts and safety lock
Nikon Creative Lighting
System (CLS)
White balanceAuto, incandescent, fluorescent (7 types), direct sunlight, flash, cloudy,
ISO 100 – 6400 in steps of 1/3 EV. Can also be set to approx. 0.3, 0.7, 1, or
2 EV (ISO 25600 equivalent) above ISO 6400; auto ISO sensitivity control
available
detection, 39 focus points (including 9 cross-type sensor), and AF-assist
illuminator (range approx. 0.5– 3 m/1 ft 8 in. –9 ft 10 in.)
AF-S/AF-C selection (AF-A); predictive focus tracking activated
automatically according to subject status
• Manual focus (MF): Electronic rangefinder can be used
area AF
servo AF) or by pressing A (L) button
P, S, A, M, 0: Manual pop-up with button release
built-in flash and SB-910, SB-900, SB-800, SB-700, SB-600, or SB-400; i-TTL
balanced fill-flash for digital SLR is used with matrix and center-weighted
metering, standard i-TTL flash for digital SLR with spot metering
red-eye reduction, fill-flash, red-eye reduction, slow sync, slow sync with
red-eye reduction, rear-curtain with slow sync, rear-curtain sync, off
after flash is fired at full output
Advanced Wireless Lighting supported with SB-910, SB-900, SB-800, or
SB-700 as a master flash or SU-800 as commander; Flash Color
Information Communication supported with all CLS-compatible flash
units
shade, preset manual, all except preset manual with fine-tuning.
86
Live view
Lens servo• Autofocus (AF): Single-servo AF (AF-S); full-time-servo AF (AF-F)
• Manual focus (MF)
AF-area modeFace-priority AF, wide-area AF, normal-area AF, subject-tracking AF
AutofocusContrast-detect AF anywhere in frame (camera selects focus point
automatically when face-priority AF or subject-tracking AF is selected)
Automatic scene
selection
Movie
MeteringTTL exposure metering using main image sensor
Metering methodMatrix
Frame size (pixels) and
frame rate
File formatMOV
Video compressionH.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding
Audio recording format Linear PCM
Audio recording device Built-in or external stereo microphone; sensitivity adjustable
ISO sensitivityISO 100–6400; can also be set to approx. 0.3, 0.7, 1, or 2 EV (ISO 25600
PlaybackFull-frame and thumbnail (4, 9, or 72 images or calendar) playback with
Interface
USBHi-Speed USB
Video outputNTSC, PAL
HDMI outputType C mini-pin HDMI connector
Accessory terminalWireless remote controller: WR-R10 wireless remote controller (available
• 1920 × 1080, 30 p (progressive)/25p/24p, ★ high/normal
• 1280 × 720, 60p/50p, ★ high/normal
• 640 × 424, 30p/25p, ★ high/normal
Frame rates of 30p (actual frame rate 29.97 fps), 60i, and 60p (actual
frame rate 59.94 fps) are available when NTSC is selected for video
mode. 25p, 50i, and 50p are available when PAL is selected for video
mode. Actual frame rate when 24p is selected is 23.976 fps.
equivalent) above ISO 6400
viewing angle, approx. 100% frame coverage, and brightness
adjustment
playback zoom, movie playback, photo and/or movie slide shows,
histogram display, highlights, auto image rotation, and image comment
(up to 36 characters)
Weig htApprox. 555 g (1 lb 3.6 oz) with battery and memory card but without
body cap; approx. 505 g/1 lb 1.8 oz (camera body only)
Operating environment
Temperature0 °C–40 °C (+32 °F–104 °F)
Humidity85% or less (no condensation)
• Unless otherwise stated, all figures are for a camera with a fully-charged battery operating at the
temperature specified by the Camera and Imaging Products Association (CIPA): 23 ±3 °C (73.4 ±5.4 °F).
• Nikon reserves the right to change the specifications of the hardware and software described in this
manual at any time and without prior notice.
from any mistakes that this manual may contain.
Nikon will not be held liable for damages that may result
n
88
❚❚ MH-24 battery charger
Rated inputAC 100–240 V, 50/60 Hz, 0.2 A maximum
Rated outputDC 8.4 V/0.9 A
Supported batteriesNikon Rechargeable Li-ion Battery EN-EL14
Charging timeApprox. 1 hour and 30 minutes at an ambient temperature of 25 °C/77 °F
when no charge remains
Operating temperature 0 °C–40 °C (+32 °F–104 °F)
Dimensions (W × H × D)
Weigh tApprox. 89 g (3.1 oz), excluding plug adapter
TypeRechargeable lithium-ion battery
Rated capacity7.4 V/1030 mAh
Operating temperature 0 °C–40 °C (+32 °F–104 °F)
Dimensions (W × H × D)
Weigh tApprox. 48 g (1.7 oz), excluding terminal cover
Approx. 38 × 53 × 14 mm (1.5 × 2.1 × 0.6 in.)
❚❚ AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR II lens
TypeType G AF-S DX lens with built-in CPU and F mount
Focal length18–55 mm
Maximum aperturef/3.5–5.6
Lens construction11 elements in 8 groups (including 1 aspherical lens element)
Angle of view76 ° – 28 ° 50 ´
Focal length scaleGraduated in millimeters (18, 24, 35, 45, 55)
Distance informationOutput to camera
ZoomManual zoom using independent zoom ring
Focus ingAutofocus controlled by Silent Wave Motor and separate focus ring for
manual focus
Vibration reductionLens shift using voice coil motors (VCMs)
Minimum focus distance • AF: 0.28 m (0.92 ft) from focal plane at all zoom positions
• MF: 0.25 m (0.82 ft) from focal plane at all zoom positions
Diaphragm blades7 (rounded diaphragm opening)
DiaphragmFully automatic
Aperture range• 18 mm focal length: f/3.5–22
• 55 mm focal length: f/5.6–36
The minimum aperture displayed may vary depending on the size of the
exposure increment selected with the camera.
MeteringFull aperture
Filter-attachment size 52 mm (P=0.75 mm)
DimensionsApprox. 66 mm diameter × 59.5 mm (distance from camera lens-mount flange when
lens is retracted)
Weigh tApprox. 195 g (6.9 oz)
Nikon reserves the right to change the specifications of the hardware and software described in this
manual at any time and without prior notice.
from any mistakes that this manual may contain.
Nikon will not be held liable for damages that may result
n
89
A The AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR II
The lens generally used in this manual for illustrative purposes is an AF-S DX NIKKOR
18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR II.
Focal length mark
Focal length scale
Retractable lens barrel button (0 9)
Lens cap
Focus ring
Zoom ring (0 16)
The AF-S DX NIKKOR 18–55mm f/3.5–5.6G VR II features a retractable lens barrel.
Vibration reduction ON/OFF switch
Mounting mark (0 8)
CPU contacts
A-M mode switch
Rear lens cap
(0 75)
A Trademark Information
IOS is a trademark or registered trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc., in the United States and/or
other countries and is used under license. Macintosh, Mac OS, and QuickTime are registered
trademarks of Apple Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft, Windows,
and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks, or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation
in the United States and/or other countries. PictBridge logo is a trademark. The SD, SDHC,
and SDXC logos are trademarks of the SD-3C, LLC. HDMI, the HDMI logo and High-Definition
Multimedia Interface are trademarks or registered trademarks of HDMI Licensing LLC.
All other trade names mentioned in this manual or the other documentation provided with
your Nikon product are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.