NETGEAR WG602 User guide

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User's Guide

54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

WG602

Installation Guide

Follow these quick steps to install your WG602.

You can also consult the Reference Manual on the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Resource CD.

Set Up the WG602 Access Point

Tip: Before mounting the WG602 in a high location, first set up and test the WG602 to verify wireless network connectivity.

a. Prepare a PC with an Ethernet adapter. If this PC is already part

of your network, record its TCP/IP configuration settings.

b. Configure the PC with a static IP address of 192.168.0.210 and

255.255.255.0 for the Subnet Mask.

c. Connect an Ethernet cable from the WG602 to the PC (A).

d. Turn on your computer, connect the power adapter to the

WG602 and verify the following:

The power power light goes on.

The LAN light of the wireless access point is lit when connected to a powered on PC.

Configure LAN and Wireless Access

a. Configure the WG602 Ethernet port for LAN access.

• Connect to the WG602 by opening your browser and entering http://192.168.0.227 in the address field.

• When prompted, enter admin for the user name and

password for the password, both in lower case letters.

• Click the IP Settings link and configure the IP Settings according to your network setup.

b. Configure the wireless interface for wireless access. See the online

help or the Understanding Basic Wireless Settings topic of the

Reference Manual on the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Resource CD for full instructions.

Note: You must set the Regulatory Domain. It may not be legal to operate the wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field.

Now that you have finished the setup steps, you are ready to deploy the WG602 in your network. If needed, you can now reconfigure the PC you used in step 1 back to its original TCP/IP settings.

Deploy the WG602 Access Point

a. Disconnect the WG602 and position it where you will deploy it.

The best location is elevated at the center of your wireless coverage area.

b. Lift the antenna so that it is vertical.

c. Connect an Ethernet cable from your WG602 Access Point to a

LAN port on your router, switch, or hub.

Note: By default, the WG602 is a DHCP client. If there is no DHCP server in the network, the WG602 uses 192.168.0.227 as its IP address. If your network used different addressing, you will need to configure the WG602 accordingly.

d. Connect the power adapter to the wireless access point and plug

the power adapter in to a power outlet. The power, LAN, and wireless lights should light up.

Verify Wireless Connectivity

Using a computer with an 802.11b or 802.11g wireless adapter with the correct wireless settings needed to connect to the WG602 (SSID, MAC ACL, WEP, WPA, etc.), verify connectivity by using a browser such as Netscape®or Internet Explorer to browse the Internet, or check for file and printer access on your network.

Note: If you cannot connect, see the Troubleshooting Tips on the next page or the Reference Manual on the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

Resource CD.

54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2

12 VDC 1.2A

WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

Attention: When you configure the wireless settings of this device please make sure to select

the correct country settings. Due to EU-law the country settings must be identical to the country, where the device is operating (important due to non-harmonized frequencies in the EU).

*M-10181-02*

M-10181-02

October 2003

Technical Support

PLEASE REFER TO THE SUPPORT INFORMATION CARD THAT SHIPPED WITH YOUR PRODUCT.

By registering your product at www.NETGEAR.com/register, we can provide you with faster expert technical support and timely notices of product and software upgrades.

NETGEAR, INC.

Support Information

Phone: 1-888-NETGEAR (For US & Canada only) - 24 x 7 phone support

See Support information card for other countries.

E-mail: support@NETGEAR.com (24 x 7 online support)

www.NETGEAR.com

©2003 NETGEAR, Inc. NETGEAR, the Netgear logo, The Gear Guy and Everybody's Connecting are trademarks or registered trademarks of Netgear, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Information is subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.

T roub leshooting Tips

If you have trouble setting up your WG602, check the tips below.

No lights are lit on the access point.

The access point has no power.

• Make sure the power cord is connected to the access point and plugged in to a working power outlet or power strip.

• Make sure you are using the correct NETGEAR power adapter supplied with your access point.

The Ethernet LAN light is not lit.

There is a hardware connection problem.

• Make sure the cable connectors are securely plugged in at the access point and the network device (hub, switch, or router).

• Make sure the connected device is turned on.

• Be sure the correct cable is used. Use a standard Category 5 Ethernet

patch cable. If the network device has Auto Uplink™ (MDI/MDIX) ports, you may use a cross-over cable. See the Reference Manual on the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Resource CD for a full explanation of cable types.

The Wireless LAN activity light is not lit.

The access point’s antennas are not working.

• If the Wireless LAN activity light stays off, disconnect the adapter

from its power source and then plug it in again.

• Make sure the antenna is tightly connected to the WG602.

• Contact NETGEAR if the Wireless LAN light remains off.

0984

I cannot configure the wireless access point from a browser.

There is a configuration problem. Check these items:

• The WG602 is properly installed, LAN connections are OK, and it is powered on. Check that the LAN port LED is green to verify that the Ethernet connection is OK.

• If you are using the NetBIOS name of the WG602 to connect, ensure that your PC and the WG602 are on the same network segment or that there is a WINS server on your network.

• If your PC uses a Fixed (Static) IP address, ensure that it is using an IP Address in the range of the WG602. The WG602 default IP Address is 192.168.0.227 and the default Subnet Mask is

255.255.255.0. See the

Reference Manual on the 54 Mbps Wireless

Access Point Resource CD for more details.

I cannot access the Internet or the LAN with a wireless capable computer.

There is a configuration problem. Check these items:

• You may not have restarted the computer with the wireless adapter to have TCP/IP changes take effect. Restart the computer.

• The computer with the wireless adapter may not have the correct TCP/IP settings to communicate with the network. Restart the computer and check that TCP/IP is set up properly for that network. The usual setting for the Windows Network Properties is to be set to

“Obtain an IP address automatically.”

• The access point’s default values may not work with your network.

Check the access point default configuration against the configuration of other devices in your network.

• For full instructions on changing the access point’s default values, see the Reference Manual on the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Resource CD.

You can refer to the Support information card for the telephone number of customer support in your area. You should keep the Support information card, along with the original packing materials, and use the packing materials to repack the WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point if you need to return it for repair.

To qualify for product updates and product warranty registrations, we encourage you to register on the NETGEAR’s web page at:

http://www.NETGEAR.com.

System Requirements

Before installing the WG602, your system should meet the following requirements:

• A Cable/DSL Router with multiple 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Ports or a 10/100 Mbps Local Area Network device such as a hub or switch.

Note: The WG602 will need to be connected to a router, switch, or hub as shown in the picture below.

• A Category 5 UTP straight-through Ethernet cable with the RJ-45 connector (included in this package or one similar to it).

• An A/C power outlet (100-240 V, 50-60 HZ).

• A Web browser for configuration, such as Microsoft®Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or

Netscape Navigator®4.78 or a later version.

• One computer with TCP/IP protocol installed.

• Other 802.11b or 802.11g-compliant devices, such as the NETGEAR WAB501 Dual

Band Wireless PC Card or WG511 54 Mbps Wireless PC Card.

32-bit CardBus WG511

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the NETGEAR WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point. The NETGEAR WG602 Wireless Access Point connects to all existing 802.11b wireless networks and supports new clients based on the forthcoming ultra-fast 802.11g standard at 54 Mbps all in the same 2.4 GHz radio frequency range.

Package Contents

This package should contain:

• WG602 Wireless Access Point

• Power adapter and cord (12VDC, 1.2A)

• NETGEAR’s WG602 Resource CD

• WG602 User's Guide

• Straight-through Category 5 Ethernet cable—5 feet (1.52 m)

• Support information card

• Warranty card

Model WG602 Resource CD, User's guide, Support information card, Warranty card

WG602 54 Mbps Wireless

Stand

Access Point

Power adapter

Category 5 100 Mbps Ethernet cable

12 VDC 1.2A

WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

3 2

ire

b i t C

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a r d

s P

B u s

r d

Cable/DSL Router

WG511 54 Mbps Wireless PC Card in a Notebook computer

Cable or DSL modem

Power Socket

This socket connects to the WG602 power adapter. Warning: Use only the power adapter that came with the WG602.

Reset and Restore to Factory Settings Button

The Reset and Restore to Factory Settings button located between the Ethernet RJ-45 connector and the Power socket reboots the WG602 or restores the WG602 to the factory default settings. Press and hold the Restore to Factory Default button for 5 seconds to clear any user-defined settings.

RJ-45 Ethernet Port

Use the WG602 Ethernet RJ-45 port to connect to an Ethernet LAN through a device such as a hub, switch, or router.

Placement and Range Guidelines

Indoors, computers can connect over 802.11 wireless networks at a maximum range of 500 feet (152.4 m) for 802.11b devices. However, the operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly, based on the physical placement of the wireless access point.

For best results, identify a location for your wireless access point according to these guidelines:

• Away from potential sources of interference, such as PCs, large metal surfaces, microwaves, and 2.4 GHz cordless phones.

• In an elevated location such as a high shelf that is near the center of the wireless coverage area for all mobile devices.

Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the wireless access point.

Default Factory Settings

When you first receive your WG602, the default factory settings will automatically be set, as shown in the chart on the next page.

You can restore these defaults with the Factory Default Settings button on the rear panel; see WG602 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel on page 3.

WG602 Wireless Access Point Front Panel

The WG602 Wireless Access Point provides these status lights: Power, Ethernet, and Wireless.

This chart demonstrates the variety of LED indicator settings:

WG602 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel

Light Status Description

Power

Off No Powe r On Power On

Ethernet (Link/Activity)

Off Indicates no Ethernet link detected

Green On 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet link

Green Blink Data traffic on the 100 Mbps LAN

Amber On 10 Mbps Ethernet link

Amber Blink Data traffic on the 10 Mbps LAN

Wireless (Link/Activity)

Off No wireless link

Green Blink Wireless Data traffic

Power

Ethernet Wireless

Power Socket

Reset & Restore Button

RJ-45 Ethernet Port

Install the WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

Please follow these steps to successfully install the WG602 Wireless Access Point. Note: We suggest you first install the WG602 with the default settings. Optionally, you can

then customize your settings and enable encryption if it is required.

1. Position the WG602 Wireless Access Point. Adjust your access point antenna to provide maximum signal strength for your wireless devices.

Note: If you are planning to mount your WG602 on a wall or in a remote location, we suggest you configure and verify your WG602’s operations first.

2. Connect the Ethernet cable. Use the category 5 Ethernet cable included in this package to connect the Ethernet port on

the rear panel of the WG602 Wireless Access Point to a LAN port on your cable/DSL router or an Ethernet hub or switch.

Note on cabling requirements: The WG602 Wireless Access Point should connect to your LAN via a twisted-pair Category 5 Ethernet cable with RJ-45 connectors.

3. Connect the power cable. Connect the power cord of the WG602 power adapter to the 12V DC power socket on

the rear panel of the access point. Then, plug the power adapter into an A/C power outlet.

4. Configure the wireless adapter settings. To access settings page of the WG602, you need to configure one of your 802.11b or

802.11g compliant wireless adapters to use the WG602 factory default settings as follows:

Wireless Network Name (SSID): NETGEAR Network Mode: Infrastructure WEP: Disabled or Off

5. Verify the installation was successful. The Power light should be lit and the Ethernet Link light should be on. If the connection is

a 100 Mbps connection, the light is green. If it is a 10 Mbps connection, the light is amber. The Ethernet connection light also flashes to indicate data is moving over the Ethernet connection to the switch, router, or hub.

The Wireless Link light should be on and blinking. A fast blink indicates that the access point is receiving or transmitting wireless data.

After you install the WG602 Access Point, you may customize any of the settings to better meet your networking needs. Turn to Configuring your WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point on page 7 for more information.

Note: The characters are case sensitive. An access point always functions in infrastructure mode. The SSID for any wireless device communicating with the access point must match the SSID configured in the access point.

Installing the WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

These are the basic instructions to successfully setup and configure your WG602 Wireless Access Point. Estimated setup time is 10 to 15 minutes.

•

Install the WG602 Wireless Access Point.

• Configure the Access Point. Refer to Configuring your WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point on page 7.

Feature Default Factory Setttings

User Name admin Password password

Access Point Name

netgearxxxxxx where xxxxxx are the last six digits of the

AP's MAC address AP IP Address 192.168.0.227 of DHCP is disabled AP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Wireless Network Name (SSID) NETGEAR 11 g/b RF Channel 11 WEP Disabled Authentication Type Open System

Note: There is no space required between “netgear” and the 6 digits of the access point name.

Once you have entered your access point name, your web browser should automatically find the WG602 Access Point and display the WG602 home page, as shown above.

You may access the WG602 information page by specifying either the IP address or the WG602 Access Point name.

For advanced users: To access the WG602 Web Server home page on the WG602 Access Point, we suggest that you have a DHCP server on the Ethernet Network. If there is no accessible DHCP server, the WG602 Access Point will default to the IP address of

192.168.0.227 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. You will need to configure the IP address of the computer to be within the same subnet for the initial configuration.

Please refer to Troubleshooting on page 22 if you cannot connect to the WG602 Web Server.

4. Click Setup options to configure the WG602 Access Point and proceed to the next section, Login to the Access Point Setup.

6. Verify wireless connectivity to your network. Using a computer with an 802.11b or 802.11g compliant wireless adapter, browse internet

or check file access on your network. If everything is functioning properly, then you have successfully installed the WG602 Wireless Access Point.

Having problems? If you experience any difficulties while trying to install the WG602 Wireless Access Point, please refer to Troubleshooting on page 22 for more information.

Note about increasing security: Refer to Protecting Your Wireless Network on page 18 for more information.

Want to customize configuration settings? For information on WG602 settings, see Configuring your WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point below.

Configuring Your WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

The WG602 Wireless Access Point can be configured remotely from Microsoft Internet Explorer browser version 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator web browser version 4.78 or above on your computer.

1. Determine the name of your access point. To find the name of your access point, refer to the labels on the bottom of the access

point. The access point name should be similar to this, netgear10d4b5.

2. Open your web browser. (For example, this may be Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator.)

3. At the top of the window, in the Address or Location box, type the name of your access point and press enter. (You do not need to type the prefix “www” or “http://.”)

Setup Options

IP Settings

To setup your access point, complete the following login steps:

1. Click the Setup options on the WG602 Information page.

2. The Enter Network Password window will be displayed, as shown above. Enter the default user name “admin” with the default password password.

Note: Both the user name and password are case sensitive. You may change the password at any time after this point by choosing the Change

Password option from the Management menu.

3. Click OK. The WG602 Setup window will be displayed.

Configure Basic Setup Parameters

To setup your access point, complete the following:

1. From the Access Point Setup menu, choose these options: IP Settings, Wireless Settings, Security Settings, and Access Control.

2. Specify your configuration settings. When you are done, click the

Apply button for the

changes to take effect.

Note: Be sure to configure the wireless adapters in your network with the same wireless settings you configure on the WG602.

For more information, please refer to the tables on the following pages for descriptions of these items.

Configuration Description

Access Point Name

The unique name represents the access point. The default Access Point Name is located on the bottom label of WG602. You may modify the default name with a unique name up to 15 characters long.

Default: netgearxxxxxx, where xxxxxxx represents the last 6 digits of the WG602 MAC address.

IP Address

Specifies the IP address of the access point.

Default: 192.168.0.227

Subnet mask

Specifies the subnet mask of the access point.

Default: 255.255.255.0

Default gateway

Specifies the default gateway IP address.

Default: 0.0.0.0

DHCP Client

The access point will get the IP address, subnet mask and the default gateway automatically from the DHCP server if the DHCP is enabled.

Default: Enable

Security Settings

Note: If the WG602 cannot locate a DHCP server upon powering up, it will default to the IP address of 192.168.0.227. If you are not sure of the IP address of the WG602, restore the default IP address by pressing the Restore to Factory Settings button located on the WG602 back panel for at least five seconds. The WG602 will pass the IP address from the DHCP server to the associated station if the DHCP client is enabled.

Wireless Settings

Configuration Description

Authentication Type

Specifies the Authentication type used: Open System or Shared Key. If “Shared Key” is selected, you need to enable the WEP and enter at least one shared key.

Default: Open

WEP

Enable or Disable the Wired Equivalent Privacy.

Default: Disable

WEP Encryption

Specifies the WEP Encryption Key size: 64 bits (Minimum) or 128 bits (Stronger).

Passphrase

Instead of manually entering WEP keys in hex, you can type in text to generate the four WEP keys automatically.

Default: N/A

If you choose to use passphrase to generate your WEP keys, you need to click this button to generate the four WEP Keys in Hex format.

Generate

Specifies the key value in hexadecimal format based on the WEP Encryption option selected: 64 bits, or128 bits.

Default Key: 1

Key (1-4)

Configuration Description

Wireless Network Name (SSID)

Enter a 32-character (maximum) service set ID in this field; the characters are case sensitive. When in infrastructure mode, this field defines the service set ID (SSID). The SSID assigned to the wireless node is required to match the access point SSID in order for the wireless node to communicate with the access point.

Default: NETGEAR

Channel/Frequency

Shows the current channel and frequency in use. The wireless channel in use will be between 1 to 11 for US and Canada, 1 to 13 for Europe and Australia.

Default: 11

Data Rate

Shows the available transmit data rate of the wireless network. The possible data rates supported are: 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 11, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 54 Mbps.

Default: Best

Management Options

Change Password

1. To change the current password, choose the Password option from the AP Setup menu in the WG602 Web Server home page. The default password is "password."

2. Change your password. Click Apply for the new password to take effect.

Important Note: Be sure to write down your new password, otherwise you will not be able to access the Access Point setup. You can restore the default password "password" by clicking on Yes radio button and then clicking on the Apply button to restore to the default password.

Access Control List

The optional Access Control window lets you block or allow the network access privilege of the specified stations through the WG602 Wireless Access Point. This provides an additional layer of security. Follow these steps:

1. Choose the Access Control option from the AP Setup menu in the WG602 Web Server home page. Click Allow or Block to enable MAC address filtering. Click Disable to disable Access Control feature.

2. Enter the MAC address for each station to be managed, in the MAC Address field and click Add.

3. When you are done, click the Apply button for the changes to take effect.

You may Add, Edit, or Delete the Access Control List entries.

Configuration Description

Current Password Specifies the current password in use. New Password Specifies the new password to be used. Repeat New Password Retype the intended new password.

Restore Default Password

Two radio buttons options: Yes or No

Default: No

Configuration Description

Access Control

Specifies the options of the MAC Access Control List: Disable, Allow, or Block.

Default: Disable

MAC Address

Specifies the MAC address for the station to be included in the Access Control List.

Device Name Specify the name to identify the device.

Access Control List

Displays the current MAC Address Control List entries. The maximum number of MAC Address entries is 100.

Restore Factory Default Settings

You may click on the Restore Factory Default Settingsbutton to revert to default factory settings.

Station List

The Station List window displays the assigned ID, MAC address, device name, and the current state of the clients that are currently connected to the access point.

Reset Access Point

You can reset the Access Point by selecting this management option.

Advanced Options

Wireless Settings

To setup your advanced wireless LAN settings, complete the following:

1. Choose the Wireless Settings option from the Access Point Advances menu on the WG602 Web Server home page.

2. Specify your wireless configuration settings. When you are done, click Apply for the changes to take effect.

Note: Be sure to make the same configuration changes on the other wireless adapters in your network.

Upgrade Firmware

The Firmware Upgrade menu options will display the Firmware Upgrade window so that you may upgrade your latest WG602 firmware.

Before upgrading the WG602 firmware, make sure you have downloaded the latest firmware from the NETGEAR support web site: http://www.netgear.com/support.

1. Enter the location of the WG602 firmware file name or click the Browse button to locate the file on your local disk.

2. When you are done, click the Upgrade button and then the Reboot button for the changes to take effect.

You may click the Upgrade button to perform the upgrade operation.

Configuration Description

File Name Specifies the WG602 firmware image file.

Browse

You may click on the Browse button to locate and select the firmware image file residing on the system that's used for configuring the access point.

3. Choose your authentication method. To set authentication for WG602 Wireless Access Point, select the

Open System or

Shared Key Authentication Type by selecting the radio button. All other devices using

this band must share this setting. Shared Key operation offers an increase in security over an Open System operation.

4. Setup 802.11b/g WEP encryption security as needed. For 802.11b/g, all four keys must have the same encryption level — 64-bit or 128-bit. All devices in the network must have the same key values in for the selected encryption

key. The encryption key selected as the default determines the encryption level at which the access point is transmitting.

For 64-bits encryption:

Hexadecimal: 10 hexadecimal digits in the range of "A-F", "a-f " and "0-9" (e.g. 11AA22BB33).

For 128-bits encryption:

Hexadecimal: 26 hexadecimal digits in the range of "A-F", "a-f " and "0-9" (e.g. 00112233445566778899AABBCC).

Passphrase:

You can enter a Passphrase to avoid manually entering WEP keys. It is case-sensitive.

5. When you are done, click the Apply button and then the Reboot button for the changes to take effect.

Protecting Your Wireless Network

The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes wireless links vulnerable to information theft. This chapter describes how to use the basic security features of the WG602 Wireless Access Point to protect your network.

Although your network traffic may already be encrypted, the security steps described here are easy to perform.

Enabling Basic Wireless Access Security Features

There are several steps you can take to secure your wireless network:

• Change the factory default administrator password of the WG602.

• Place the WG602 in a location where it cannot be physically tampered with.

Security Configuration

To prevent unauthorized wireless stations from accessing data transmitted over the network, the Security Settings screen of the Access Point Setup offers use of an authentication protocol as well as data encryption, known as WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy).

For a step-by-step treatment of security setup, see Enabling Basic Wireless Access Security Features on page 18.

1. Use a browser to connect to the WG602.

2. Click Security Settings on the Access Point Setup menu and log in.

Configuration Description

RTS Thr eshold

Request to Send Threshold. The packet size that is used to determine if it should use the CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) mechanism or the CSMA/CA mechanism for packet transmission. With the CSMA/CD transmission mechanism, the transmitting station sends out the actual packet as soon as it has waited for the silence period. With the CSMA/CA transmission mechanism, the transmitting station sends out an RTS packet to the receiving station, and waits for the receiving station to send back a CTS (Clear to Send) packet before sending the actual packet data.

Default: 2346

Fragmentation Length

This is the maximum packet size used for fragmentation. Packets larger than the size programmed in this field will be fragmented. The Fragment Threshold value must be larger than the RTS Threshold value.

Default: 2346

Preamble Type

A long transmit preamble may provide a more reliable connection or slightly longer range. A short transmit preamble gives better performance.

Default: Long

DTIM

The Delivery Traffic Indication Message specifies the data beacon rate between 1 and 16384.

Default: 1

• Authentication: The authentication setting, Open System or Shared Key is

unrelated to encryption of transmissions. Choose Shared Key for more security. Authentication Type (circle one): Open System or Shared Key

Note: If you select Shared Key, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to Shared Key as well.

•

Passphrase: By entering the text-based passphrase, it will automatically generate four WEP keys in Hex.

Passphrase: _______________________________

•

WEP Encryption: See Security Configuration on page X for a description of these differences.

WEP Encryption Keys:

Choose the WEP Encryption Key Size: 64 bits or 128 bits. Circle one: 64 or 128 bits Key 1: ___________________________________ Key 2: ___________________________________ Key 3: ___________________________________ Key 4: ___________________________________

2. Use the procedures described in the following sections to configure the WG602.

3. Store this information in a safe place.

Change the Wireless Network Name (SSID)

To change the wireless network name (SSID) settings, follow these steps:

1. From the Windows desktop, follow the instructions provided in Configuring your WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point on page 7 to go to the Setup window.

2. To change the SSID, enter a new SSID. Note: The characters are case sensitive. An access point always functions in infrastructure

mode. The SSID for any wireless device communicating with the access point must match the SSID configured in the access point.

3. Click Apply or OK for the changes to take effect.

• Change the factory default Wireless Network Name (SSID) setting of the WG602.

• Enable Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption of the wireless data communications.

• Restrict wireless access based on the MAC address to specific wireless adapters of known users.

Note: In addition to the WG602 wireless security features, you should also configure appropriate LAN network security features, such as requiring a user name and password to access the shared resources in your network.

Change the Default Password

Before you change the default password, be sure to record your new password. For detailed information on how to change your password, refer to page 14. You may want to use the space below to write down your new password.

Password: ______________________________ If necessary, you can re-set the WG602 access point to the factory default setting by pressing

the switch button on the rear panel (see Power on page 3).

Secure the Access Point

In order to increase the security of the access point, we recommend that you change the WG602 default wireless network name (SSID) settings and enable the WEP settings.

Before you change the wireless network name (SSID) and WEP settings, please perform the following steps:

1. For a new wireless network, use the provided form on the next page to fill in your configuration parameters. For an existing wireless network, print or copy this form and fill in the configuration parameters. The person who set up or is responsible for the network will be able to provide this information.

• Wireless Network Name (SSID): The Service Set Identification (SSID) identifies the

wireless local area network. NETGEAR is the default WG602 SSID. However, you may customize it by using up to 32 alphanumeric characters. NETGEAR recommends that you write your customized SSID on the line below.

Note: The SSID in the wireless access point is the SSID you configure in the wireless adapter card. For the access point and wireless nodes to communicate with each other, all must be configured with the same SSID. Note that the SSID is case sensitive.

SSID: ______________________________

Troubleshooting

Configure WEP Encryption

Follow these steps to configure WEP encryption.

1. From the Windows desktop, follow the instructions provided in Configuring your WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point on page 7 to go to the Security window.

2. Authentication type may be set as Open System or Shared Key without affecting encryption. Use Shared Key for added security.

3. Set the keys as you choose after reading Security Configuration on page 17. Other wireless devices in your network must have compatible encryption configurations.

4. Click Apply for these changes to take effect.

Restrict Wireless Activity by MAC Address

Each device on ethernet and wireless LAN networks has a media access control (MAC) address, which is a unique 48-bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer.

A highly secure way of protecting unauthorized access to your wireless network is to restrict access to only those devices whose MAC addresses you specify. To do so, you must configure your wireless access point to recognize and accept communications from the MAC address of only authorized wireless devices.

To check the MAC addresses of devices currently on your wireless network, go to the Access Point information screen on page 8.

Follow these steps to restrict access to your WG602:

1. From the Windows desktop, follow the instructions given in Configuring your WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point on page 7 to go to the Access Control screen.

2. Set the MAC addresses of the devices you wish to block or allow, then click Add.

Problem Cause Solution

I cannot configure the WG602 using the Web Browser.

There is a possible system problem or you did not specify the right IP address or access point name.

• Remove and then reconnect the power to the WG602 Wireless Access Point.

• Make sure your computer and the WG602 Access Point are in the same subnet if you don’t know the IP address of the WG602.

• Make sure you have cleared the Web Browser’s cache and enter the correct IP address or access point name.

• Push the Restore to Default button on the back of the WG602 to restore default settings.

I cannot configure the WG602 using the Web Browser.

A DHCP server is not accessible by the access point.

• The WG602 defaults to the IP address of

192.168.0.227 with a subnet mask of

255.255.255.0. Configure the IP address of your PC to be within the same IP subnet (for example:

192.168.0.x).

No lights are lit on the access point.

The access point has no power.

• It takes a few seconds for the power light to be lit. Wait a minute and check the power light status on the access point.

• Make sure the power cord is properly connected to the access point.

• Make sure the power adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet. If in a power strip, make sure it is powered on.

• Use the NETGEAR power adapter that was supplied with your access point.

CE Declaration of Conformity

For the following equipment:

54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

(Product Name)

WG602

(Model Designation) is herewith confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the Council Directive on the

Approximation of the Laws of the Member States related to Electromagnetic Compatibility (89/336/EEC), Low-voltage Directive (73/23/EEC) and the Amendment Directive (93/68/EEC). For the evaluation regarding the Directives, the following standards were applied:

ETS 300 328:1996-11+A1:1997-07 ETX 300 826: 1997-11 EN60950:1992+A1:1993+A3:1995+A4:1996+A11:1997

Déclaration de conformité CE

Il est certifié que l’équipement suivant :

54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

(nom du produit)

WG602

(deésignation du modele) est conforme aux exigences définies par la Directive du Approximation of the Laws of the

Member States related to Electromagnetic Compatibility (89/336/EEC), Low-voltage Directive (73/23/EEC) and the Amendment Directive (93/68/EEC). For the evaluation regarding the Directives, the following standards were applied:

ETS 300 328:1996-11+A1:1997-07 ETX 300 826: 1997-11 EN60950:1992+A1:1993+A3:1995+A4:1996+A11:1997

0768

Problem Cause Solution

The Ethernet light doesn ’t light up.

The power light is lit, the Ethernet network cable is attached to the Ethernet port, but the Ethernet light isn ’t lit. There is a possible hardware connection problem.

• The other side of the Ethernet cable is not connected to a hub or switch, or the hub or switch is not powered on. Make sure the cables are inserted all the way – you should hear a click.

• The Ethernet cable is bad. Replace it with the one that came with the access point.

• You have the wrong cable between the router and the modem. Use the standard straight through or the cable that came with the access point.

I cannot get onto the Ethernet network from the wireless network.

You may not have configured the wireless parameters of the computers with wireless adapters to be the same as the access point.

• Check the wireless configuration of the wireless adapters and access point through its Web-based interface from a computer connected to the Ethernet network. The Wireless Network Name (SSID), WEP and other settings need to be exactly the same for all computers and devices on the wireless network.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice. NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer

It is hereby certified that the Model WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT- AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.

Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.

VCCI Statement

This equipment is in the Class B category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas. When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference. Read instructions for correct handling.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice:Radio Frequency Notice

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1. This device may not cause harmful interference.

2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that

may cause undesired operation. Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to

part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.|

Modifications made to the product, unless expressly approved by NETGEAR, Inc., could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Radiation Exposure Statement

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. In order to avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human proximity to the antenna shall not be less than 20 cm (8 inches) during normal operation.

Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations

This digital apparatus (Model MA401 Wireless PC Card) does not exceed the Class B limits for radio-noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

FCE-Konformitätserklärung

Für folgendes Gerät:

54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

(Produktname)

WG602

(Modellbezeichnung) wird hiermit bestätigt, dass das Gerät den Anforderungen der Richtlinie zur Angleichung der

Rechtsvorschriften der Mitgliedstaaten in Bezug auf Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (89/336/EEC), Niederspannung (73/23/EEC) und der abgeänderten Verordnung (93/68/EEC) entspricht. Für die Bewertung der Richtlinien wurden folgende Standards angewandt:

ETS 300 328:1996-11+A1:1997-07 ETS 300 826:1997-11 EN 60950:1992+A1:1003+A3:1995+A4:1996+A11:1997

0768

Technical Support

PLEASE REFER TO THE SUPPORT INFORMATION CARD THAT SHIPPED WITH YOUR PRODUCT.

By registering your product at www.NETGEAR.com/register, we can provide you with faster expert technical support and timely notices of product and software upgrades.

NETGEAR, INC.

Support Information

Phone: 1-888-NETGEAR (For US & Canada only) See Support information card for other countries. E-mail: support@NETGEAR.com www.NETGEAR.com

February 2003

*U-10016-01*

U-10016-01

Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

NETGEAR, Inc.

4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone 1-888-NETGEAR

M-10181-03 March 2004

M-10181-03

NETGEAR, INC.

Technical Support

Please register to obtain technical support. Please retain your proof of purchase and warranty

information. To register your product, get product support or obtain product information and product

documentation, go to www.netgear.com. If you do not have access to the World W ide Web, you can register your product by filling out the registration card and mailing it to NETGEAR customer service.

You will find technical support information at:

www.netgear.com/support/main.asp through the customer service area. If you want to contact

technical support by telephone, see the support information card for the correct telephone number for your country.

Trademarks

NETGEAR is a registered trademark of NETGEAR, INC. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Information is subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.

Statement of Conditions

M-10181-03

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice

NETGEAR 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2

Tested to Comply with FCC Standards

FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1. This device may not cause harmful interference.

2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,

pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are desig ned to provi de reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Warning! T o comply with the FCC’s

exposure requirements you must maintain a distance of at least 1 cm from the antenna of this device while it is in use. This device should not be co-located with other transmitters.

RF Exposure Requirements

WARNING! To ensure compliance with FCC RF exposure requirements, the antenna used for this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm (8 in) from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or radio transmitter. Installers and end-users must follow the installation instructions provided in this user guide.

M-10181-03

Radio Frequency Interference Requirements

This device is restricted to indoor use due to its operation in the 2.4 GHz frequency range. FCC requires this product to be used indoors in 2.4 GHz the frequency range to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co-channel Mobile Satellite systems.

Regulatory Compliance Information

This device is restricted to indoor use due to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co-channel Mobile Satellite and Radar Systems.

Canadian Department of Communications Compliance Statement

This Class B Digital apparatus (54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2) meets all the requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations.

Cet appareil numerique del la classe B respect les exigences du Regalement sur le material broilleur du Canada.

This device comples with Class B limits of Industry of Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1. This device may not cause harmful interference.

2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

The device is certified to the requirements of RSS-139-1 and RSS-210 for 2.4 GHz spread spectrum devices. The use of this device in a system operating either partially or completely outdoors may require the user to obtain a license for the system according to the Canadian regulations. For further information, contact your local Industry Canada office.

M-10181-03

CE Declaration of Conformity

For the following equipment: 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2

0984 !

is herewith confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the Council Directive on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility (89/336/EEC ), Low-voltage Directive (73/23/EEC) and the Amendment Directive (93/68/EEC), the procedures given in European Council Directive 99/5/EC and 89/3360EEC. The equipment was passed. The test was performed according to the following European standards:

• EN 301489-1 V1.2.1 (2000-08)

• EN 301 489-17 V1.1.1 (2000-09)

• EN60950 / EN300328

M-10181-03

Contents

Chapter 1 About This Manual

Audience, Scope, Conventions ......................................................................................1-1

How to Use this Manual ..................................................................................................1-2

How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3

Chapter 2 Introduction

About the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 ...................................................2-1

Support for Standards ..............................................................................................2-1

Key Features ............................................................................................................2-2

802.11g Standards-based Wireless Networking ......................................................2-2

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink ...............................................2-3

Compatible and Related NETGEAR Products .........................................................2-3

System Requirements ....................................................................................................2-3

What’s In the Box? .........................................................................................................2-4

Hardware Description .....................................................................................................2-5

WG602 v2 Wireless Access Point Front Panel ...................... .................................. 2-5

WG602 v2 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel .........................................................2-6

Power Socket ....................................................................................................2-6

Reset and Restore to Factory Defaults Button ..................................................2-6

RJ-45 Ethernet Port ...........................................................................................2-6

Detachable Antenna ..........................................................................................2-6

Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configuration

Observing Placement and Range Guidelines ..................... ................ ................ ............3-1

Default Factory Settings .................................................................................................3-2

Understanding WG602 v2 Wireless Security Options ....................................................3-3

Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 .. ... .........................................3-4

Two Ways to Log In to the WG602 v2 ............................................................................3-6

How to Log in Using the Default IP Address of the WG602 v2 .............................. ..3-7

How to Log In to the WG602 v2 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name ..........................3-8

Contents iii

M-10181-03

Using the Basic IP Settings Options .............................................................................3-10

Understanding the Basic Wireless Settings ..................................................................3-11

Understanding Wireless Security Options ....................................................................3-13

Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings ...........................3-14

How to Configure WEP Wireless Security ....................................................................3-15

How to Configure WPA-PSK Wireless Security ............................................................3-16

How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address ...... ................................................ 3-17

Chapter 4 Management

Viewing General Information ..........................................................................................4-1

Viewing a List of Attached Devices .................................................................................4-3

Upgrading the Wireless Access Point Software .............................................................4-3

Rebooting and Resetting Factory Default Options .........................................................4-5

Restoring the WG602 v2 to the Factory Default Settings ........................................4-5

Using the Reset Button to Reboot or Restore Factory Defaults ............................. ..4-5

Changing the Administrator Password ...........................................................................4-6

Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration

Configuring Wireless Bridge or Repeater Links ..............................................................5-1

How to Select the Wireless Bridging Access Point Mode ........................................5-2

How to Configure a WG602 v2 as a Point-to-Point Bridge ......................................5-3

How to Configure Wireless Multi-Point Bridging ......................................................5-4

How to Configure a WG602 v2 as a Repeater .........................................................5-6

Understanding Advanced Wireless Settings ..................................................................5-7

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting ............................................... ............................................................... 6-1

No lights are lit on the access point. ........................................................................6-1

The Ethernet LAN light is not lit. ..............................................................................6-1

The Wireless LAN activity light is not lit. .................................................................6-2

I cannot configure the wireless access point from a browser. ......... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..6-2

I cannot access the Internet or the LAN with a wireless capable computer. ...........6-2

When I enter a URL or IP address I get a timeout error. .............. .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..6-3

Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings . .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..6-3

iv Contents

M-10181-03

Appendix A Specifications

Specifications for the WG602 v2 ................................................................................... A-1

Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics

Wireless Networking Overview ........................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ................. B-1

Infrastructure Mode ................................................................................................. B-1

Ad Hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup) ............................................ ... ... ... .... ... ... . B-2

Network Name: Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID) ................................ B-2

Wireless Channels ....................................................... ... .... ... ................................. B -2

WEP Wireless Security .................... ... ... ... .................................................... ... ... .... ... ... . B-4

WEP Authentication .................................................. .............................................. B-4

WEP Open System Authentication ......................................................................... B-5

WEP Shared Key Authentication ............................................................................ B-6

Key Size and Configuration .............................................................................. B-7

How to Use WEP Parameters ................................................................................. B-8

WPA Wireless Security .................................................................................................. B-8

How Does WPA Compare to WEP? ........................................................................ B-9

How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802.11i? ........................................................ B-10

What are the Key Features of WPA Security? ...................................................... B-10

WPA Authentication: Enterprise-level User

Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS .................................................. B-12

WPA Data Encryption Key Management ........................................................ B-14

Is WPA Perfect? ........................................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ............... B-16

Product Support for WPA ...................................................................................... B-16

Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients ............................... B-16

Changes to Wireless Access Points ............................................................... B-16

Changes to Wireless Network Adapters ......................................................... B-17

Changes to Wireless Client Programs .......................... ......................... ......... B-18

Appendix C Network, Routing, Firewall, and Cabling Basics

Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1

What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-1

IP Addresses and the Internet ............... ... .... ................................................................. B-2

Netmask .................................... ................................................................ ..............B-4

Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-4

Contents v

M-10181-03

Private IP Addresses ................................. ... ... ... .................................................... . B-7

Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................. B-7

IP Configuration by DHCP ..................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ........................................ B-8

Domain Name Server .............................................................................................. B-9

Routing Protocols .................................................................................................... B-9

RIP ............................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ....... B-9

MAC Addresses and ARP .............................................................................. B-10

Internet Security and Firewalls .................................................................................... B-10

What is a Firewall? .................................................................................................B-11

Stateful Packet Inspection ............................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ................................B-11

Denial of Service Attack .........................................................................................B-11

Ethernet Cabling ........................................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .............................B-11

Category 5 Cable Quality ...................................................................................... B-12

Inside Twisted Pair Cables ....................................................................................B-13

Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching ............................ B-14

Appendix D Preparing Your PCs for Network Access

Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ...................... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... . C-1

Configuring Windows 98 and Me for TCP/IP Networking ................... ...........................C-2

Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components ... ...... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... .... C-2

Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings ........................................C-3

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 98 and Me ..........................................C-4

Selecting the Windows Internet Access Method .......................... ........................... C-5

Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows 98 or Me ................................................C-5

Configuring Windows 2000 or XP for TCP/IP Networking .............................................C-6

Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components ... ...... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... .... C-6

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP ......................................................C-7

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 2000 ..................................................C-9

Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP or 2000 ........................................... C-11

Glossary

Numeric .........................................................................................................................D-1

A .................................................................................................................................... D-2

B .................................................................................................................................... D-2

C ..................................... ........................................................................... ....................D-3

D ..................................... ........................................................................... ....................D-3

vi Contents

M-10181-03

E .................................................................................................................................... D-4

G ..................................... .............................................. ................................................. D-4

I .................................... ............. .......... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............ ........... D-4

L ...................................... ................. ............. ................ ................ ................ ................. D-6

M ..................................... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ................. D-6

N ..................................... ........................................................................... ....................D-7

P .................................................................................................................................... D-8

Q ..................................... .............................................. ................................................. D-9

R ..................................... ........................................................................... ....................D-9

S .................................................................................................................................... D-9

T ..................................................................................................................................D-10

U ..................................... ........................................................................... ..................D-10

W ................................................................................................................................. D-10

Index

Contents vii

M-10181-03

viii Contents

M-10181-03

Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

Chapter 1

About This Manual

This chapter introduces the conventions and features of this document.

Audience, Scope, Conventions

This manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, tutorial information is provided in the Appendices, on the Resource CD for the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 (SW-10033-03), and on the NETGEAR Web site.

This manual uses the following typographical conventions:

Table 1. Typographical conventions

italics Emphasis.

bold times roman User input. [Enter] Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets.

SMALL CAPS

DOS file and directory names.

This manual uses the following formats to highlight special messages:

Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.

This manual is written according to these specifications:

Table 1-1. Manual Specifications

Firmware Version v3.2 Manual Part Number M-10181-03 Manual Publication Date March 2004

Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. Web site at

http://kbserver.netgear.com/main.asp.

About This Manual 1-1

M-10181-03

Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

How to Use this Manual

The HTML version of this manual includes these features.

2 3

Figure 1-1: HTML version of this manual

1. Left pane. Use the left pane to view the Contents, Index, Search, and Favorites tabs.

To view the HTML version of the manual, you must have a version 4 or later browser with JavaScript enabled.

2. Toolbar buttons. Use the toolbar buttons across the top to navigate, print pages, and more.

The Show in Contents button locates the current topic in the Contents tab.

The Previous/Next buttons display the previous or next topic.

The PDF button links to a PDF version of the full manual.

The Print button prints the current topic. Using this button when a step-by-step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer--you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages.

3. Right pane. Use the right pane to view the contents of the manual. Also, each page of the

manual includes a link at the top right which links to a PDF file containing just the currently selected chapter of the manual.

1-2 About This Manual

M-10181-03

Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

How to Print this Manual

To print this manual you man choose one of the following several options, according to your needs.

• Printing a “How To” Sequence of Steps in the HTML View. Use the Print button on the

upper right of the toolbar to print the currently displayed topic. Using this button when a step-by-step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer--you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages.

• Printing a Chapter. Use the link at the top right of any page.

– Click “PDF of This Chapter” link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to

print. A new browser window opens showing the PDF version of the chapter you were viewing.

– Click the print icon in the upper left of the window. – Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save

paper an printer ink by selecting this feature.

• Printing the Full Manual. Use the PDF button in the toolbar at the top right of the browser

window. – Click PDF button. A new browser window opens showing the PDF v ersion o f the chapter

you were viewing.

– Click the print icon in the upper left of the window. – Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save

paper an printer ink by selecting this feature.

About This Manual 1-3

M-10181-03

Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

1-4 About This Manual

M-10181-03

Chapter 2

Introduction

This chapter introduces the NETGEAR 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2. Minimal prerequisites for installation are presented in “System Requirements” on page 2-3.

About the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2

The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 is the basic building block of a wireless LAN infrastructure. It provides connectivity between wired Ethernet networks and radio-equipped wireless notebook systems, desktop systems, print servers, and other devices.

The WG602 v2 provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage, interacting with a wireless network interface card (NIC) via an antenna. Typically, an in-doors access point provides a maximum connectivity area with about a 300 foot radius. The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 can support a small group of users in a range of several hundred feet. Most access points are rated for up to 32 users simultaneously.

The auto-sensing capability of the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 allows packet transmission at up to 54 Mbps, or at reduced speeds to compensate for distance or electromagnetic noise interference.

Support for Standards

The following standards and conventions are supported:

• Standards Compliant. The WG602 v2 Access Point complies with the IEEE 802.11g

(DSSS).

• WEP support. Support for WEP is included. Both 64-bit and 128-bit keys are supported.

• WPA-PSK support. Support for Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) data encryption which

provides strong data encryption and authentication based on a pre-shared key.

• Dynamic WEP key Support. Fixed or Dynamic WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) keys can

be used.

• DHCP Client Support. DHCP provides a dynamic IP address to PCs and other devices upon

request. The WG602 v2 can act as a client and obtain information from your DHCP server.

Introduction 2-1

M-10181-03

Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

• NetBIOS & WINS Support. Support for both NetBIOS broadcast and WINS (Windows

Internet Naming Service) allows the WG602 v2 to easily fit into your existing Windows network.

Key Features

The WG602 v2 provides solid functionality, including these features:

• Wireless Access Point. Operates as a standard 802.11g access point.

• Wireless Bridging. Operates as a point-to-point or multi-point wireless bridge.

• Upgradeable Firmware. Firmware is stored in a flash memory and can be upgraded easily,

using only your Web browser, and can be upgraded remotely.

• Access Control. The Access Control MAC Address filtering feature can ensure that only

trusted wireless stations can use the WG602 v2 to gain access to your LAN.

• Simple Configuration. If the default settings are unsuitable, they are easy to change.

• Hidden Mode. The SSID is not broadcast, assuring only clients configured with the correct

SSID can connect.

• Autosensing Ethernet Connection with

IEEE 802.3 Ethernet networks.

• LED Indicators. Power and wireless activity are easily identified.

Auto Uplink Interface. Connects to 10/100 Mbps

802.11g Standards-based Wireless Networking

The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 provides a bridge between Ethernet wired LANs and 802.11g compatible wireless LAN networks. It provides connectivity between Ethernet wired networks and radio-equipped wireless notebook systems, desktop systems, print servers, and other devices. Additionally, the WG602 v2 supports the following wireless features:

• Distributed coordinated function (CSMA/CA, Back off procedure, ACK procedure, retransmission of unacknowledged frames)

• RTS/CTS handshake

• Beacon generation

• Packet fragmentation and reassembly

• Authentication Algorithms (Open System, Shared Key, WPA-PSK)

• Short or long preamble

• Roaming among access points on the same subnet

2-2 Introduction

M-10181-03

Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink

The WG602 v2 can connect to a standard Ethernet network. The LAN interface is autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation. The wireless access point incorporates Auto Uplink plugged into the port should have a ‘normal’ connection such as to a PC or an ‘uplink’ connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates any concerns about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

technology. The Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable

Compatible and Related NETGEAR Products

For a list of compatible products from other manufacturers, see the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance Web site (WECA, see http://www.wi-fi.net).

The following NETGEAR products work with the WG602 v2 Access Point:

• POE101 Power Over Ethernet Adapter

• WAB501 a/b Dual Band Wireless PC Card Adapter

• MA401 802.11b Wireless PC Card

• WG511 802.11g Wireless CardBus Adapter

• MA111 802.11b Wireless USB Adapter

• MA311 802.11b Wireless PCI Adapter

• MA701 802.11b Wireless Compact Flash Card

• WAG511 802.11a/g Wireless CardBus Adapter

• MA701 802.11b Compact Flash Wireless Adapter

• WGE101 802.11g Wireless Bridge

• WG311 802.11g Wireless PCI Adapter

• WAG311 802.11a/g Wireless PCI Adapter

System Requirements

Before installing the WG602 v2, make sure your network meets these requirements:

• A hub, switch, or Cable/DSL router with an available 10/100 Mbps Ethernet port

• A Category 5 UTP straight through Ethernet cable with RJ-45 connector included in the package, or one like it

• A 100-240 V, 50-60 HZ AC power source

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• A Web browser for configuration such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.78 or above

• At least one Pentium class computer (or equivalent) with the TCP/IP protocol installed

• Other 802.11b or 802.11g-compliant devices

What’s In the Box?

The product package should contain the following items:

• 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2

• Power adapter and cord (12Vdc, 1.2A)

• Straight through Category 5 Ethernet cable—10 feet (3.04 m)

• Printed 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 Quick Installation Guide

• Resource CD for the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 (SW-10033-03) – Reference Manual for the WG602 v2 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point (M-10181-03)—this

manual – Windows TCP/IP and Networking Tutorials – Animated Install Assistant – Soft copy of the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 Quick Installation Guide

• Support Information card

• Warranty and Registration card

Contact your reseller or customer support in your area if there are any wrong, missing, or damaged parts. You can refer to the Support Information Card for the telephone number of customer support in your area. You should keep the Support Information card, along with the original packing materials, and use the packing materials to repack the WG602 v2 if you need to return it for repair . T o qualify for product updates and product warranty registrations, we encourage you to register on the NETGEAR Web site at: http://www.netgear.com.

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Hardware Description

The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 front and rear hardware functions are described below.

WG602 v2 Wireless Access Point Front Panel

The WG602 v2 Access Point provides three status LEDs.

Power

Ethernet Wireless

Figure 2-1: WG602 v2 front panel

The following table explains the LED indicators:

LED DESCRIPTION Power

Ethernet Ethernet LAN Link Activity Indicator

Green On

Green Blink Indicates data traffic on the 100Mbps Ethernet LAN.

Amber 0n 10 Mbps Ethernet link detected, no activity.

Amber Blink Indicates data traffic on the 10Mbps Ethernet LAN.

Wireless Wireless LAN Link Activity Indicator

Green On

Green Blink Wireless link activity.

Power Indicator No power. If this LED does not come on with the power adapter and cord correctly

Off

installed, see Chapter 6, “Troubleshooting.” Power is on.

Off

Indicates no Ethernet link detected. 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet link detected, no activity.

Off

Indicates no wireless link detected. Wireless link enabled, no activity.

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WG602 v2 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel

Power Socket

Figure 2-2: WG602 v2 rear panel

Reset & Restore Button

RJ-45 Ethernet Port

Detachable Antenna

Power Socket

This socket connects to the WG602 v2 power adapter.

Reset and Restore to Factory Defaults Button

The reset and restore to defaults button located between the Ethernet RJ-45 connector and the power socket resets the WG602 v2 when pushed once or restores to the factory default settings when pushed and held for 10 seconds.

RJ-45 Ethernet Port

Use the WG602 v2 Ethernet RJ-45 port to connect to an Ethernet LAN through a device such as a hub, switch, or router.

Detachable Antenna

The WG602 v2 provides a detachable antenna. Be sure the antenna is securely fastened.

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Chapter 3

Basic Installation and Configuration

This chapter describes how to set up your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 for wireless connectivity to your LAN. This basic configuration will enable computers with 802.11b or

802.11g wireless adapters to do such things as connect to the Internet, or access printers and files on your LAN.

You need to prepare these three things before you can establish a connection through your wireless access point:

• A location for the WG602 v2 that conforms to the guidelines below.

• A device such as a hub, switch, router, or Cable/DSL gateway.

• One or more computers with properly configured 802.11b or 802.11g wireless adapters.

Observing Placement and Range Guidelines

Note: Indoors, computers can connect over wireless networks at ranges of several

hundred feet or more. This distance can allow for others outside your area to access your network. It is important to take appropriate steps to secure your network from unauthorized access. The WG602 v2 Access Point provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter. Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs.

The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly bas ed on the physical placement of the wireless access point. The latency, data throughput performance, and notebook power consumption of wireless adapters also vary depending on your configuration choices.

Note: Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance

degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the WG602 v2.

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For best results, place your wireless access point:

• Near the center of the area in which your PCs will operate.

• In an elevated location such as a high shelf where the wirelessly connected PCs have line-of-sight access (even if through walls).

• Away from sources of interference, such as PCs, microwaves, and 2.4 GHz cordless phones.

• Away from large metal surfaces.

• If using multiple access points, it is better if adjacent access points use different

radio frequency

Channels to reduce interference. The recommended Channel spacing between adjacent access points is 5 Channels (for example, use Channels 1 and 6, or 6 and 11).

The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings and placement.

Default Factory Settings

When you first receive your WG602 v2, the default factory settings will be set as shown below. To restore these defaults, see “WG602 v2 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel” on page 2-6.

FEATURE FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS

User Name (case sensitive) admin

Password (case sensitive) password

Access Point Name NETGEARxxxxxx where xxxxxx are the last six digits of

the wireless access point's MAC address

DHCP DHCP client

IP Configuration

if DHCP server is unavailable

Wireless Mode (Access Point or Bridge) Access Point

Wireless Network Name (SSID) NETGEAR

Broadcast Network Name Enabled

802.11g/b

Radio Frequency Channel

WEP/WPA Disabled

Authentication Type Auto

Basic Installation and Configuration 3-2

IP Address: 192.168.0.227 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Gateway: 0.0.0.0

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Understanding WG602 v2 Wireless Security Options

Unlike wired network data, your wireless data transmissions can be received well beyond your walls by anyone with a compatible adapter. For this reason, use the security features of your wireless equipment. The WG602 v2 Access Point provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter. Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs.

Wireless Data

Security Options

Range: Up to 300 Foot Radius

WG602 v2

2) MAC Access List: No data security

3) WEP: Secure but some vulnerabilities

4) WPA: Very strong security

Figure 3-1: WG602 v2 wireless data security options

There are several ways you can enhance the security of your wireless network:

• Restrict Access Based on MAC Address. You can restrict access to only trusted PCs so that unknown PCs cannot wirelessly connect to the WG602 v2. MAC address filtering adds an obstacle against unwanted access to your network, but the data broadcast over the wireless link is fully exposed.

• Turn Off the Broadcast of the Wireless Network Name (SSID). If you disable broadcast of the SSID, only devices that have the correct SSID can connect. This nullifies the wireless network ‘discovery’ feature of some products such as Windows XP, but the data is still fully exposed to a determined snoop using specialized test equipment like wireless sniffers.

• Use WEP. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption provides data security. WEP Shared Key authentication and WEP data encryption will block an eavesdropper but because the keys are static, a determined snoop can learn the keys in less than a day of eavesdropping.

• Use WP A-PSK. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) data encryption provides data security. WPA-PSK will block eavesdropping. Because this is a new standard, wireless device driver and software availability may be limited. However, WPA is not available in bridge mode.

1) Open System: Easy but no security

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Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2

Follow the instructions below to set up and test basic wireless connectivity. Once you have established basic wireless connectivity, you can enable security settings and configure the advanced wireless functions.

Before installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2, you should make sure that your Ethernet network is up and working. You will be connecting the access point to the Ethernet network so that computers with 802.11b or 802.11g wireless adapters will be able to communicate with computers on the Ethernet network. In order for this to work correctly, verify that you have met all of the system requirements, shown on page 2-3.

1SET UP THE WG602 V2 ACCESS POINT

Tip: Before mounting the WG602 v2 in a high location, first set up and test the WG602 v2 to verify wireless network connectivity.

a. Prepare a PC with an Ethernet adapter. If this PC is already part of your network, record its

TCP/IP configuration settings.

b. Configure the PC with a static IP address of 192.168.0.210 and 255.255.255.0 for the

Subnet Mask.

c. Connect an Ethernet cable from the WG602 v2 to the PC (A).

ETHERNET

WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point

Figure 3-2: Set up the WG602 v2

Turn on your computer, connect the power adapter to the WG602 v2 and verify the

following:

The power light goes on.

The LAN light of the wireless access point is lit when connected to a powered on PC.

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2CONFIGURE LAN AND WIRELESS ACCESS

The WG602 Wireless Access Point can be configured remotely from Microsoft Internet Explorer browser version 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator web browser version 4.78 or above on your computer.

1. The WG602 v2 is set by default to be a DHCP client. So, if the WG602 v2 has not yet been

installed, and there is no DHCP server on the network, you can log in to the WG602 v2 using its default IP address. 192.168.0.227 is the default IP address of your access point.

Note: This procedure which uses a static IP configuration. If WG602 v2 has already been installed or it is connected to a network where there as a DHCP server as commonly found in home routers, you can the NetBIOS login described in “How to Log In to the WG602 v2

Using Its Default NetBIOS Name” on page 3-8.

2. Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator.

3. Connect to the WG602 v2 by entering its default address of http://192.168.0.227 into your

browser.

e. A login window like the one shown below opens:

Figure 3-3: Login window

– When prompted, enter admin for the user name and password for the password, both

in lower case letters.

– Click IP Settings and configure the IP Settings according to your network setup.

f. Configure the wireless interface for wireless access. See the online help or the

“Understanding the Basic Wireless Settings” on page 3-11 for full instructions.

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Note: You must set the Regulatory Domain. It may not be legal to operate the wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field.

Now that you have finished the setup steps, you are ready to deploy the WG602 v2 in your network. If needed, you can now reconfigure the PC you used in step 1 back to its original TCP/IP settings.

3DEPLOY THE WG602 V2 ACCESS POINT

a. Disconnect the WG602 v2 and position it where you will deploy it. The best location is

elevated at the center of your wireless coverage area.

b. Lift the antenna side so that it is vertical. c. Connect an Ethernet cable from your WG602 v2 Access Point to a LAN port on your

router, switch, or hub. Note: By default, WG602 v2 is set to be a DHCP client. If your network uses static IP

addresses, you will need to change this setting.

d. Connect the power adapter to the wireless access point and plug the power adapter in to a

power outlet. The power, LAN, and wireless lights and should light up.

4VERIFY WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY

Using a computer with an 802.11b or 802.11g wireless adapter with the correct wireless settings needed to connect to the WG602 v2 (SSID, MAC ACL, WEP, WPA, etc.), verify connectivity by using a browser such as Netscape or Internet Explorer to browse the Internet, or check for file and printer access on your network. If you cannot connect, see

“Troubleshooting” on page 6-1.

Two Ways to Log In to the WG602 v2

• Using the Default IP Address of the WG602 v2 is the most reliable.

• Using the NetBIOS name of the WG602 v2 is not as reliable as using the IP Address.

The procedures for these two ways of logging in to the WG602 v2 are presented here.

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How to Log in Using the Default IP Address of the WG602 v2

1. 192.168.0.227 is the default IP address of your access point. However, the WG602 v2 is also

set, by default, to be a DHCP client. So, if the WG602 v2 has not yet been installed, and there is no DHCP server on the network, you can log in to the WG602 v2 using its default IP address. Otherwise, you should use either the NetBIOS login described in “How to Log In to

the WG602 v2 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name” on page 3-8 or the procedure described in “Set up the WG602 v2 Access Point” on page 3-4” which uses a static IP configuration.

Note: The computer you are using to connect to the WG602 v2 should be configured with an IP address that starts with 192.168.0.x and a Subnet Mask of 255.255.255.0.

2. Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator.

3. Connect to the WG602 v2 by entering its default address of http://192.168.0.227 into your

browser.

4. A login window like the one shown below opens:

Figure 3-4: Login window

Log in use the default user name of admin and default password of password. Once you have entered your access point name, your Web browser should automatically find

the WG602 v2 Access Point and display the home page, as shown in “Login result: WG602 v2

home page” on page 3-8.

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Figure 3-5: Login result: WG602 v2 home pag e

The browser will then display the WG602 v2 settings home page.

How to Log In to the WG602 v2 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name

The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 can be configured remotely from Microsoft Internet Explorer browser version 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator Web browser version 4.78 or above. You can connect to the WG602 v2 by using its default NetBIOS name or its default IP address. The instructions for connecting using the default NetBIOS name are below. The instructions for connecting using the default IP address follow this section.

1. Determine the NetBIOS name of your access point.

To find the NetBIOS name, refer to the labels on the bottom of your access point. The access point NetBIOS name is formed from the word “NETGEAR” and last 6 digits of the access point’s MAC address on the label on the bottom of the unit. It is formatted like “NETGEAR123456” with no spaces or delimiters.

Note: If the computer you are using to connect to the WG602 v2 is on a different subnet, you will not be able to connect via its NetBIOS name unless there is a WINS server on your LAN. If the NetBIOS name login fails, use the procedure for “How to Log in Using the Default IP

Address of the WG602 v2” on page 3-7.

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Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator.

3. Log in to the WG602 v2 using the NetBIOS name you found on the bottom of the unit.

In this example, you see NETGEAR123456 in the browser address or location box. There is no space between “NETGEAR” and the 6 digits of the access point name.You do not need to include “www” or “http://.”

Figure 3-6: Example WG602 v2 NetBIOS name in browser address bar

A login window like the one shown below opens:

Figure 3-7: Login window

Enter the default user name of admin and the default password of password.

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Using the Basic IP Settings Options

The IP Settings page is under the Setup heading of the main menu. Use this page to configure DHCP, static IP, and the access point NetBIOS name.

Figure 3-8: Basic IP Settings page

• Access Point Name (NetBIOS)

You can change the access point name after the initial configuration. Enter a new name for the wireless access point and click Apply to save your changes.

• The IP Address Source

The wireless access point is shipped preconfigured to use a private IP address on the LAN side, and to act as a DHCP client. If the wireless access point does not find a DHCP server on the Ethernet LAN, it defaults to this IP configuration:

– DHCP Client - Enable – IP Address — 192.168.0.227 – IP Subnet Mask — 255.255.255.0 – Gateway — 0.0.0.0

If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme, you can make those changes in this page.

Remember to click Apply to save your changes.

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Understanding the Basic Wireless Settings

To configure the wireless settings of your wireless access point, click the Wireless Settings link in the Setup section of the main menu of the browser interface. The Wireless Settings page appears, as shown below.

Figure 3-9: Basic Wireless Settings page

The Basic Wireless Settings options are discussed below:

• Wireless Network Name (SSID). The SSID is also known as the wireless network name. Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters; the characters are case sensitive. In a setting where there is more than one wireless network, different wireless network names provide a means for separating the traffic. Any device you want to participate in a particular wireless network needs to use the SSID. The WG602 v2 default SSID is: NETGEAR.

Note: Different access points within an area can use different channels. T o reduce interference, adjacent access points should use different channels.

• SSID Broadcast. The default is Enable. If SSID Broadcast is disabled, only devices that have the correct SSID can connect.

• Country/Region. This field identifies the region where the WG602 v2 can be used. It may not be legal to operate the wireless features of the wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field. There is no default country region, and the channel is set to 11. Unless a region is selected, the channel cannot be changed.

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• Channel/Frequency. This field identifies which operating frequency will be used. It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems or setting up the WG602 v2 near another access point. See “Wireless Channels” on page B-2 for more information on wireless channels.

– Access points use a fixed channel. You can select the channel used. This allows you to

choose a channel which provides the least interference and best performance. In the USA and Canada, 11 channels are available.

– If using multiple access points, it is better if adjacent access points use different channels

to reduce interference. The recommended channel spacing between adjacent access points is 5 channels (for example, use channels 1 and 6, or 6 and 11).

– In “Infrastructure” mode, wireless stations normally scan all channels, looking for an

access point. If more than one access point can be used, the one with the strongest signal is used. This can only happen when the various access points are using the same SSID.

• Mode. The default is g and b. You can change the mode to g or b only.

•Data Rate. Shows the available transmit data rate of the wireless network. The possible data rates supported are: 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 6 Mbps, 9 Mbps, 11 Mbps, 12 Mbps, 24 Mbps, 36 Mbps, 48 Mbps, 54 Mbps, and Best.The default is Best.

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Understanding Wireless Security Options

The table below identifies the various basic wireless security options. A full explanation of these standards is available in Appendix B, “Wireless Networking Basics”.

Table 3-1. Basic Wireless Security Options

Field Description Off

WEP WEP offers the following options:

WPA-PSK WPA-Pre-shared Key does perform authentication, uses 128-bit data encryption

No wireless security.

• Open System With Open Network Authentication and 64- or 128-bit WEP Data Encryption, the WG602 v2 does perform 64- or 128-bit data encryption but does not perform any authentication.

• Shared Key Shared Key authentication encrypts the SSID and data. Choose the Encryption Strength (64- or 128-bit data encryption). Manually enter the key values or enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box. Manually entered keys are case sensitive but passphrase characters are not case sensitive. Note: Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support passphrase key generation.

•Auto

and dynamically changes the encryption keys making it nearly impossible to circumvent. Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Password Phrase box. These characters are case sensitive. Note: Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support WPA. Furthermore, client software is required on the client. Windows XP and Windows 2000 with Service Pack 3 do include the client software that supports WPA. Nevertheless, the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA.

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Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings

Before customizing your wireless settings, print this form and record the following information. If you are working with an existing wireless network, the person who set up or is responsible for the network will be able to provide this information. Otherwise, you will choose the settings for your wireless network. Either way, record the settings for your wireless network in the spaces below.

• Wireless Network Name (SSID): ______________________________

The SSID, identifies the wireless network. You can use up to 32 alphanumeric characters. The SSID is case sensitive. The SSID in the wireless adapter card must match the SSID of the wireless access point. In some configuration utilities (such as in Windows XP), the term “wireless network name” is used instead of SSID.

• If WEP Authentication is Used. Circle one: Open System, Shared Key, or Auto. Note: If you select Shared Key, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they

are set to Shared Key as well and are configured with the correct key. – WEP Encryption key size. Choose one: 64-bit or 128-bit. Again, the encryption key size

must be the same for the wireless adapters and the wireless access point.

– Data Encryption (WEP) Keys. There are two methods for creating WEP data encryption

keys. Whichever method you use, record the key values in the spaces below.

• Passphrase method. ___________________________ ___

These characters are case sensitive. Enter a word or group of printable characters and click the Generate Keys button. Not all wireless devices support the passphrase method.

• Manual method. These values are not case sensitive. For 64-bit WEP, enter 10 hex

digits (any combination of 0-9 or a-f). For 128-bit WEP, enter 26 hex digits.

Key 1: ___________________________________ Key 2: ___________________________________ Key 3: ___________________________________ Key 4: ___________________________________

• If WPA-PSK Authentication is Used. – Passphrase: ______________________________

These characters are case sensitive. Enter a word or group of printable characters. When you use WPA-PSK, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to WP A-PSK as well and are configured with the correct Passphrase.

Use the procedures described in the following sections to configure the WG602 v2. Store this information in a safe place.

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How to Configure WEP Wireless Security

Note: If you use a wireless PC to configure WEP settings, you will be disconnected

when you click Apply. Reconfigure your wireless adapter to match the new settings or access the wireless access point from a wired PC to make any further changes.

To configure WEP data encryption, follow these steps:

1. Click the Security Settings link in the Setup section of the main menu and select WEP for the

Security Type.

Figure 3-10: WEP Settings page

The Authentication Type is set to Any by default. Change the Authentication Type to Shared Key to use WEP data encryption.

3. For the Encryption Strength, select 64- or 128-bit encryption.

4. You can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys. These values must

be identical on all PCs and access points in your network.

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• Automatic — enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button. The four key boxes will be automatically populated with key values.

• Manual — enter ten hexadecimal digits (any combination of 0-9, a-f, or A-F) Select which of the four keys will be active.

See “WEP Wireless Security” on page B-4 for a full explanation of each of these options, as defined by the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication standard.

5. Click Apply to save your settings.

How to Configure WPA-PSK Wireless Security

Note: Not all wireless adapters support WPA. Furthermore, client software is also required. Windows XP and Windows 2000 with service pack 3 do include WPA support. Nevertheless, the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA. For instructions on configuring wireless PCs or PDAs for WPA-PSK security, consult the documentation for the product you are using.

To configure WPA-PSK, follow these steps:

1. Click the Security Settings link in the Setup section of the main menu and select WP A-PSK for

the Security Type.

Figure 3-11 : WPA Settings menu

Enter a word or group of 8-63 printable characters in the Password Phrase box.

3. Click Apply to save your settings.

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Note: If you use a wireless PC to configure WPA settings, you will be disconnected

when you click Apply. Reconfigure your wireless adapter to match the new settings or access the wireless access point from a wired PC to make any further changes.

How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address

The Access Control page lets you block or allow the network access privilege of the specified stations through the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2. This provides an additional layer of security.

Note: When configuring the WG602 v2 from a wireless PC whose MAC address is not

in the access control list, if you select Turn Access Control On, you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply. You must then access the wireless access point from a wired PC or from a wireless PC which is on the access control list to make any further changes.

Figure 3-12: Access Control options

To restrict access based on MAC Addresses, follow these steps:

1. From the Setup section of the main menu, click Access Control to display the Wireless Access

page shown below.

2. Select the type of Access Control:

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• Disable

• Allow

•Block

3. Then, enter the MAC address for a device you plan to use. You can usually find the MAC

address printed on the wireless adapter. You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the WG602 v2’s Station List page into the

MAC Address box. To do this, configure each wireless PC to obtain a wireless link to the WG602 v2. The PC should then appear in the Station List page.

4. Click Add to add the wireless device to the access list. Repeat these steps for each additional

device you want to add to the list.

5. Be sure to click Apply to save your wireless access control list settings.

Now , only devices on this list will be allowed to wirelessly connect to the WG602 v2. For blocking access from specific devices, follow the procedure above, except select the Block radio button.

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Chapter 4

Management

This chapter describes how to use the management features of your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2. These features can be found under the Management heading in the main menu of the browser interface.

Viewing General Information

The Information summarizes of the current WG602 v2 configuration settings. From the main menu of the browser interface, click Information to view the system status screen, shown below.

Figure 4-1: Wireless Access Point Status screen

This screen shows the following parameters:

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Table 4-1. General Information Fields

Field Description Access Point Information

Access Point Name The default name can be changed if desired. MAC Address Displays the Media Access Control address (MAC Addresses) of the

wireless access point’s Ethernet port.

Region

Firmware Version The version of the firmware currently installed.

Current IP Settings

IP Address The IP address of the wireless access point. Subnet Mask

Displays the country or region for which the wireless access point is licensed for use. It may not be legal to operate this wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field.

These parameters apply to the Local WG602 v2 wireless access point.

The subnet mask for the wireless access point.

Default Gateway DHCP Client Enabled by default. Enabled (DHCP client) indicates that the current IP

Wireless Settings

Wireless Network Name (SSID)

Channel Identifies the channel the wireless port is using. 11 is the default channel

Encryption Type Access Control

The default gateway for the wireless access point.

address was obtained from a DHCP server on your network. These parameters apply to the target remote WG602 v2, VPN gateway, or

VPN client. Displays the wireless network name (SSID) being used by the wireless port

of the wireless access point. The default is NETGEAR.

setting. See “Wireless Channels” on page B-2 for the frequencies used on each channel.

The current encryption setting. Disabled by default.

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Viewing a List of Attached Devices

The Station List page contains a table of all IP devices associated with the wireless access point in the wireless network defined by the Wireless Network Name (SSID). From the main menu of the browser interface, under the Management heading, click the Station List link to view the list, shown below.

Figure 4-2: Information Station List of associated devices

For each device, the table shows the MAC address and whether the device is allowed to communicate with the wireless access point or not. Note that if the wireless access point is rebooted, the table data is lost until the wireless access point rediscovers the devices. To force the wireless access point to look for associated devices, click the Refresh button.

Note: A wireless network can include multiple wireless access points, all using the same network name (SSID). This enables extending the reach of the wireless network and allows users to roam from one access point to another, providing seamless network connectivity. Under these circumstances, be aware that only the stations associated with this access point will be presented in the Station List.

Upgrading the Wireless Access Point Software

Note: When uploading software to the WG602 v2 Access Point, it is important not to interrupt the W eb browser by closing the wind ow , clicking a link, or loading a new page. If the browser is interrupted, the upload may fail, corrupt the software, and render the WG602 v2 completely inoperable.

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You cannot perform the firmware upgrade from a workstation connected to the WG602 v2 via a wireless link. The firmware upgrade must be performed via a workstation connected to the WG602 v2 via the Ethernet LAN interface.

The software of the WG602 v2 Access Point is stored in FLASH memory, and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR. Upgrade files can be downloaded from the NETGEAR Web site. If the upgrade file is compressed (.ZIP file), you must first extract the image (.IMG) file before sending it to the wireless access point. The upgrade file can be sent using your browser.

Note: The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the WG602 v2 must support HTTP uploads, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.78 or above.

1. Download the new software file from NETGEAR, save it to your hard disk, and unzip it.

Figure 4-3: WG602 v2 Upgrade Firmware page

From the main menu Management section, click the Upgrade Firmware link to display the screen above.

3. Click Browse and locate the image (.IMG) upgrade file.

4. Click Upgrade.

When the upload completes, your wireless access point will automatically restart. The upgrade process typically takes about one minute.

In some cases, you may need to reconfigure the wireless access point after upgrading. You can click the Information link to check the Firmware Version and verify that your access point now has the new software installed.

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Rebooting and Resetting Factory Default Options

The Reboot option restarts the access point. From the Management section of the main menu, select Reboot AP. Select Yes, then click Apply to reboot the access point.

Restoring the WG602 v2 to the Factory Default Settings

It is sometimes desirable to restore the wireless access point to the factory default settings. This can be done by using the Restore Factory Default function, which restores all factory settings.

After a restore, the password will be password, the DHCP client is enabled, the WG602 v2 defaults to the LAN IP address of 192.168.0.227 when there is no DHCP server, and the NetBIOS name is reset to NETGEAR plus the last 6 digits of the MAC address printed on the label on the bottom of the unit, for example NETGEAR123456.

On the Restore Factory Default Settings screen, select Yes, then click Apply to restore the factory default settings.

Using the Reset Button to Reboot or Restore Factory Defaults

To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or IP address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the wireless access point (see

“WG602 v2 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel” on page 2-6). The reset button has two functions:

• Reboot. When pressed and released quickly, the wireless access point will reboot (restart).

• Reset to Factory Defaults. This button can also be used to clear all data and restore all

settings to the factory default values, when held down longer.

To clear all data and restore the factory default values:

1. Use something with a small point, such as a pen, to press the Reset button in for at least 10

seconds.

2. Release the Reset button.

The factory default configuration has now been restored, and the WG602 v2 is ready for use.

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Changing the Administrator Password

The default password is password. Change this password to a more secure password. You cannot change the administrator login name.

From the main menu of the browser interface, under the Management heading, click Change Password to bring up the page shown below.

Figure 4-4: Set Password page

T o change the password, first enter the old password, and then enter the new password twice. Click Apply to save your change.

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Chapter 5

Advanced Configuration

This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your WG602 v2. These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the main menu.

Note: The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 bridging and repeater modes are only compatible with the NETGEAR WG602v2 and the NETGEAR WG302 Wireless Access Points.

Configuring Wireless Bridge or Repeater Links

The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 lets you build large wireless networks.

Figure 5-1: Wireless Bridging Mode page

The wireless access point mode options enable these configurations:

• Repeater mode.

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• Point-to-point bridging.

• Multi-point bridging. These features are discussed below.

How to Select the Wireless Bridging Access Point Mode

To configure wireless access point mode, follow these steps:

1. Click Wireless Bridging in the Advanced section of the main menu.

Figure 5-2: Wireless Bridging page

Select the radio button for the wireless access point mode you want to configure.

3. Fill in the configuration parameters according to the guidelines in the following section.

4. Click Apply to save your settings.

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How to Configure a WG602 v2 as a Point-to-Point Bridge

AP1

Wireless PC Card in a Notebook Computer

Router

192.168.0.1

ETHERNET

Point-to-Point Mode

Hub or Switch

AP2

Wireless PC Card in a Notebook Computer

LAN Segment 1

LAN Segment 2

Figure 5-3: Wireless Point-to-Point Bridging

Note: The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 bridging and repeater modes are only compatible with the NETGEAR WG602v2 and the NETGEAR WG302 Wireless Access Points.

Verify the following parameters for all access points:

• Verify that the LAN network configuration of the WG602 v2 Access Points are configured to operate in the same LAN network address range as the LAN devices

• If using DHCP, all WG602 v2 Access Points should be set to “Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP Client)” in the IP Address Source portion of the Basic IP Settings menu.

• If MAC access control list security is enabled on the APs, verify that the MAC access control lists on each AP are complete for the entire network and accurate.

• All WG602 v2 Access Points use the same SSID, Channel, WEP authentication mode, if any, and encryption in use (WPA is not available in bridge modes).

• All Point-to-Point APs must have AP2’s MAC address in its Remote AP MAC address table. You can locate the MAC address in the Information page of each WG602 v2.

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Configure AP1 in Point-to-Point mode with the MAC address of AP2 and deploy it on LAN

Segment 1. If you check the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox, wireless clients will also be able to use AP1. If the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox is not selected, only computers on Ethernet LAN segment 1 will use AP1 to communicate with AP2.

3. Configure AP2 in Point-to-Point mode with the MAC address of AP1 and deploy it on LAN

Segment 2. Use the same security and channel settings as AP1. If you check the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox, wireless clients will also be able to use AP2. If the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox is not selected, only computers on Ethernet LAN segment 2 will use AP2 to communicate with AP1.

4. Verify connectivity across the network.

If you enabled wireless client association on both APs, a computer on either AP should be able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers of any other PCs or servers connected to the network.

How to Configure Wireless Multi-Point Bridging

Wireless PC Card in a Notebook Computer

192.168.0.1

LAN Segment 1

Router

AP2

ETHERNET

Point-to-Point Mode

AP1

Point-to-Multipoint Mode

Hub or Switch

ETHERNET

AP3

Point-to-Point Mode

Hub or Switch

LAN Segment 3

ETHERNET ETHERNET ETHERNET

LAN Segment 2

Figure 5-4: Wireless Bridging

Note: The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 bridging and repeater modes are only compatible with the NETGEAR WG602v2 and the NETGEAR WG302 Wireless Access Points.

Verify the following parameters for all access points:

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• Only one AP is configured in Wireless Multi-Point Bridging mode, and all the others are in Point-to-Point Bridge mode.

• All Point-to-Point APs must have AP2’s MAC address in its Remote AP MAC address table. You can locate the MAC address in the Information page of each WG602 v2.

• Verify that the LAN network configuration of the WG602 v2 Access Points are configured to operate in the same LAN network address range as the LAN devices

• If using DHCP, all WG602 v2 Access Points should be set to “Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP Client)” in the IP Address Source portion of the Basic IP Settings menu.

• If MAC access control list security is enabled on the APs, verify that the MAC access control lists on each AP are complete for the entire network and accurate.

• All WG602 v2 Access Points use the same SSID, Channel, WEP authentication mode, if any, and encryption in use. WPA is not available in bridge modes.

2. Configure the Operating Mode of the WG602 v2 Access Points.

– AP1 on LAN Segment 1 in Point-to-Point Bridge mode with the Remote MAC Address of

AP2.

– Because it is in the central location, configure AP2 on LAN Segment 2 in Wireless

Multi-Point Bridging mode. Add the MAC addresses of the adjacent Point-to-Point APs which are configured to communicating with it.

– Configure the AP3 on LAN 3 in Point-to-Point Bridge mode with the Remote MAC

Address of AP2.

3. Verify connectivity across the LANs.

• If you check the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox, wireless clients will also be able to use the AP.

• A computer on any LAN segment should be able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers with any other PCs or servers connected to any of the three LAN segments.

• If Access Control Lists are enabled on the APs, only computers in the access control list will be able to use the AP.

Note: You can extend this multi-point bridging by adding additional WG602 v2s configured in Point-to-Point mode for additional wireless LAN segments.

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How to Configure a WG602 v2 as a Repeater

Note: Because Repeater mode communications are half duplex, the throughput decreases with

each subsequent Repeater mode node in a sequence of up to 4 maximum nodes.

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Note: The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 bridging and repeater modes are only compatible with the NETGEAR WG602v2 and the NETGEAR WG302 Wireless Access Points.

Verify the following parameters for all access points:

Note: WPA is not available in Repeater mode.

• Verify that the LAN network configuration of the WG602 v2 Access Points are configured to operate in the same LAN network address range as the LAN devices

• If using DHCP, all WG602 v2 Access Points should be set to “Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP Client)” in the IP Address Source portion of the Basic IP Settings menu.

• If MAC access control list security is enabled on the APs, verify that the MAC access control lists on each AP are complete for the entire network and accurate.

2. Configure AP1 in Repeater mode.

3. Enter the MAC address of AP2 in the Remote MAC Address boxes of AP1. Y ou can locate the

MAC address in the Information page of the WG602 v2.

4. Deploy AP1 on LAN Segment 1.

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Configure AP2 in Repeater mode.

6. Enter the MAC address of AP1 in the Remote MAC Address boxes of AP2.

7. Configure the AP2 with the following settings:

• The same security settings as AP1.

• On a channel 5 positions offset from AP1. For example., set AP1 to channel 6 and AP2 to channel 11.

8. Deploy AP2 without an Ethernet LAN connection.

9. Verify connectivity across the network.

A computer on either AP should be able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers of any other computers or servers connected to the network.

Understanding Advanced Wireless Settings

The default advanced wireless settings usually work well. These settings should not be changed unless you are sure it is necessary.

Table 5-1. Advanced Wireless Settings Fields

Field Description Request to Send

(RTS) Threshold

Fragmentation Length

Beacon Interval Specifies the data beacon rate between 20 and 3000.

The packet size that is used to determine whether to use the CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) mechanism or the CSMA/CA mechanism for packet transmission. With the CSMA/CD transmission mechanism, the transmitting station sends out the actual packet as soon as it has waited for the silence period. With the CSMA/CA transmission mechanism, the transmitting station sends out an RTS packet to the receiving station, and waits for the receiving station to send back a CTS (Clear to Send) packet before sending the actual packet data.

Default: 2346

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Table 5-1. Advanced Wireless Settings Fields

Field Description DTIM Interval Specifies the Delivery Traffic Indication Message data beacon rate between 1 and 255.

Default: 1

Preamble Type A long transmit preamble may provide a more reliable connection or slightly longer

range. A short transmit preamble gives better performance. Default: Mix

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Chapter 6

Troubleshooting

This chapter provides information about troubleshooting your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2. After each problem description, instructions are given to help you diagnose an d solv e the problem. For the common problems listed, go to the section indicated.

• Is the WG602 v2 on?

• Have I connected the wireless access point correctly? Go to “Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2” on page 3-4.

• I cannot remember the wireless access point’s configuration password. Go to “Changing the Administrator Password” on page 4-6.

Note: For up-to-date WG602 v2 installation details and troubleshooting guidance visit

www.netgear.com/support/main.asp.

Troubleshooting

If you have trouble setting up your WG602 v2, check the tips below.

No lights are lit on the access point.

The access point has no power.

• Make sure the power cord is connected to the access point and plugged in to a working power

outlet or power strip.

• Make sure you are using the correct NETGEAR power adapter supplied with your access

point.

The Ethernet LAN light is not lit.

There is a hardware connection problem.

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• Make sure the cable connectors are securely plugged in at the access point and the network

device (hub, switch, or router).

• Make sure the connected device is turned on.

• Be sure the correct cable is used. Use a standard Category 5 Ethernet patch cable. If the

network device has Auto Uplink™ (MDI/MDIX) ports, you may use a cross-over cable. See the Reference Manual for a full explanation of cable types.

The Wireless LAN activity light is not lit.

The access point’s antenna is not working.

• If the Wireless LAN activity light stays off, disconnect the adapter from its power source and

then plug it in again.

• Make sure the antenna is tightly connected to the WG602 v2.

• Contact NETGEAR if the Wireless LAN light remains off.

I cannot configure the wireless access point from a browser.

Check these items:

• The WG602 v2 is properly installed, LAN connections are OK, and it is powered on. Check

that the LAN port LED is amber or green to verify that the Ethernet connection is OK.

• If you are using the NetBIOS name of the WG602 v2 to connect, ensure that your PC and the

WG602 v2 are on the same network segment or that there is a WINS server on your network.

• If your PC uses a Fixed (Static) IP address, ensure that it is using an IP Address in the range of

the WG602 v2. The WG602 v2 default IP Address is 192.168.0.227 and the default Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0. If you are not sure about these settings, follow the instructions for

“Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2” on page 3-4.

I cannot access the Internet or the LAN with a wireless capable computer.

There is a configuration problem. Check these items:

• You may not have restarted the computer with the wireless adapter to have TCP/IP changes

take effect. Restart the computer.

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• The computer with the wireless adapter may not have the correct TCP/IP settings to

communicate with the network. Restart the computer and check that TCP/IP is set up properly for that network. The usual setting for Windows Network Properties is “Obtain an IP address automatically.”

• The access point’s default values may not work with your network. Check the access point

default configuration against the configuration of other devices in your network.

• For full instructions on changing the access point’s default values, see the Reference Manual

on the Resource CD for the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 (SW-10033-03).

When I enter a URL or IP address I get a timeout error.

A number of things could be causing this. Try the following troubleshooting steps:

• Check whether other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your PCs TCP/IP settings are correct. If

using a Fixed (Static) IP Address, check the Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, DNS, and IP Addresses.

• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, ensure that the WG602 v2 is

connected and turned on. Connect to it and check its settings. If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.

• If the WG602 v2 is configured correctly, check your Internet connection (DSL/Cable modem

etc.) to make sure that it is working correctly.

Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings

The Reset button (see “WG602 v2 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel” on page 2-6) has two functions:

• Reboot. When pressed and released quickly, the WG602 v2 will reboot (restart).

• Reset to Factory Defaults. This button can also be used to clear ALL data and restore ALL

settings to the factory default values.

To clear all data and restore the factory default values:

1. Use something with a small point, such as a pen, to press the Reset button in for at least 10

seconds.

2. Release the Reset button.

The factory default configuration has now been restored, and the WG602 v2 is ready for use.

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Appendix A

Specifications

This appendix provides the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 technical specifications.

Specifications for the WG602 v2

Parameter 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2

Radio Data Rates 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54 Mbps Auto Rate Sensing Frequency 2.4-2.5Ghz Data Encoding:

Wireless Security: WEP and WPA-PSK Maximum Computers Per

Wireless Network: Network Management Web-based configuration and status monitoring Status LEDs Power/Ethernet LAN/Wireless LAN

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) for 802.11b and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) for 802.11g

Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated by each node. Typically 32 nodes.

Dimensions: 28 x 175 x 118 mm (1.1 x 6.89 x 4.65 in.)

Power Adapter 12Vdc, 1.2A Weight 845 g (29.7 oz) Electromagnetic

Compliance Environmental

Specifications

Specifications A-1

FCC Part 15 Class B and Class E, CE, C-tic AS/NZS 3548, Telec STD-T66, VCCI

Operating temperature: 0 to 50° C Operating humidity: 5-95%, non-condensing

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Appendix B

Wireless Networking Basics

This chapter provides an overview of wireless networking and security.

Wireless Networking Overview

The WG602 v2 Access Point conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11g standard for wireless LANs (WLANs). On an 802.11 wireless link, data is encoded using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz. The maximum data rate for the 802.11g wireless link is 54 Mbps, but it will automatically back down from 54 Mbps when the radio signal is weak or when interference is detected.

The 802.11 standard is also called Wireless Ethernet or Wi-Fi by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA, see http://www.wi-fi.net), an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802.11 devices. The 802.11 standard offers two methods for configuring a wireless network - ad hoc and infrastructure.

Infrastructure Mode

With a wireless access point, you can operate the wireless LAN in the infrastructure mode. This mode provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage, interacting with wireless nodes via an antenna.

In the infrastructure mode, the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data, acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients. Connecting multiple access points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage. As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point, it moves into the range of another. As a result, wireless clients can freely roam from one access point domain to another and still maintain seamless network connection.

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Ad Hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup)

In an ad hoc network, computers are brought together as needed; thus, there is no structure or fixed points to the network - each node can generally communicate with any other node. There is no access point involved in this configuration. This mode enables you to quickly set up a small wireless workgroup and allows workgroup members to exchange data or share printers as supported by Microsoft networking in the various W indows operating systems. Some vendors also refer to ad hoc networking as peer-to-peer group networking.

In this configuration, network packets are directly sent and received by the intended transmitting and receiving stations. As long as the stations are within range of one another, this is the easiest and least expensive way to set up a wireless network.

Network Name: Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID)

The Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID) is one of two types of Service Set Identification (SSID). In an ad hoc wireless network with no access points, the Basic Service Set Identification (BSSID) is used. In an infrastructure wireless network that includes an access point, the ESSID is used, but may still be referred to as SSID.

An SSID is a thirty-two character (maximum) alphanumeric key identifying the name of the wireless local area network. Some vendors refer to the SSID as network name. For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other, all devices must be configured with the same SSID.

Wireless Channels

IEEE 802.11g/b wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band between 2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz. Neighboring channels are 5 MHz apart. However, due to spread spectrum effect of the signals, a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum 12.5 MHz above and below the center channel frequency. As a result, two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels (for example, channel 1 and channel 2) in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other. Applying two channels that allow the maximum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross-talk, and provide a noticeable performance increase over networks with minimal channel separation.

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The radio frequency channels used are listed in Table B-1:

Table B-1. 802.11b Radio Fre quency Channels

Channel Center Frequency Frequency Spread

1 2412 MHz 2399.5 MHz - 2424.5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404.5 MHz - 2429.5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 2409.5 MHz - 2434.5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414.5 MHz - 2439.5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419.5 MHz - 2444.5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424.5 MHz - 2449.5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429.5 MHz - 2454.5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434.5 MHz - 2459.5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439.5 MHz - 2464.5 MHz 10 2457 MHz 2444.5 MHz - 2469.5 MHz 11 2462 MHz 2449.5 MHz - 2474.5 MHz 12 2467 MHz 2454.5 MHz - 2479.5 MHz 13 2472 MHz 2459.5 MHz - 2484.5 MHz

Note: The available channels s upporte d by the wireless products in various countries are dif ferent.

The preferred channel separation between the channels in neighboring wireless networks is 25 MHz (5 channels). This means that you can apply up to three different channels within your wireless network. There are only 11 usable wireless channels in the United States. It is recommended that you start using channel 1 and grow to use channel 6, and 11 when necessary, as these three channels do not overlap.

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WEP Wireless Security

The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft. To provide a certain level of security, the IEEE 802.11 standard has defined two types of authentication methods, Open System and Shared Key. With Open System authentication, a wireless PC can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted. With Shared Key authentication, only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network. By default, IEEE 802.11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network. Recently, Wi-Fi, the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (http://www.wi-fi.net) developed the Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), a new strongly enhanced Wi-Fi security. WPA will soon be incorporated into the IEEE 802.1 1 standard. WEP and WPA are discussed below.

WEP Authentication

The 802.11 standard defines several services that govern how two 802.11 devices communicate. The following events must occur before an 802.11 Station can communicate with an Ethernet network through an access point such as the one built in to the WG602 v2:

1. Turn on the wireless station.

2. The station listens for messages from any access points that are in range.

3. The station finds a message from an access point that has a matching SSID.

4. The station sends an authentication request to the access point.

5. The access point authenticates the station.

6. The station sends an association request to the access point.

7. The access point associates with the station.

8. The station can now communicate with the Ethernet network through the access point.

An access point must authenticate a station before the station can associate with the access point or communicate with the network. The IEEE 802.11 standard defines two types of WEP authentication: Open System and Shared Key.

• Open System Authentication allows any device to join the network, assuming that the device

SSID matches the access point SSID. Alternatively, the device can use the “ANY” SSID option to associate with any available access point within range, regardless of its SSID.

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• Shared Key Authentication requires that the station and the access point have the same WEP

Key to authenticate. These two authentication procedures are described below.

WEP Open System Authentication

This process is illustrated in below.

802.11 Authentication Open System Steps

1) Authentication request sent to AP

2) AP authenticates

Client

3) Client connects to network

attempting to connect

Figure B-1: 802.11 open system authentication

The following steps occur when two devices use Open System Authentication:

Router with Integrated Access Point

INTERNET LOCAL

WLAN

ProSafeWirelessVPNSecurityFirewall

Cable/DSL

LNK

PWR TEST

ACT

Enable

12345678

100

LNK/ACT

MODEL

FVM318

Cable or

DLS modem

1. The station sends an authentication request to the access point.

2. The access point authenticates the station.

3. The station associates with the access point and joins the network.

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WEP Shared Key Authentication

This process is illustrated in below.

802.11 Authentication Shared Key Steps

1) Authentication request sent to AP

2) AP sends challenge text

Client attempting to connect

3) Client encrypts challenge text and

sends it back to AP

4) AP decrypts, and if correct, authenticates client

5) Client connects to network

Figure B-2: 802.11 shared key authentication

Router with Integrated Access Point

INTERNET LOCAL

WLAN

ProSafeWirelessVPNSecurityFirewall

Cable/DSL

LNK

PWR TEST

ACT

Enable

12345678

MODEL

FVM318

100

LNK/ACT

Cable or

DLS modem

The following steps occur when two devices use Shared Key Authentication:

1. The station sends an authentication request to the access point.

2. The access point sends challenge text to the station.

3. The station uses its configured 64-bit or 128-bit default key to encrypt the challenge text, and

sends the encrypted text to the access point.

4. The access point decrypts the encrypted text using its configured WEP Key that corresponds

to the station’s default key. The access point compares the decrypted text with the original challenge text. If the decrypted text matches the original challenge text, then the access point and the station share the same WEP Key and the access point authenticates the station.

5. The station connects to the network.

If the decrypted text does not match the original challenge text (i.e., the access point and station do not share the same WEP Key), then the access point will refuse to authenticate the station and the station will be unable to communicate with either the 802.11 network or Ethernet network.

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Key Size and Configuration

The IEEE 802.11 standard supports two types of WEP encryption: 40-bit and 128-bit. The 64-bit WEP data encryption method, allows for a five-character (40-bit) input. Additionally,

24 factory-set bits are added to the forty-bit input to generate a 64-bit encryption key. (The 24 factory-set bits are not user-configurable). This encryption key will be used to encrypt/decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface. Some vendors refer to the 64-bit WEP data encryption as 40-bit WEP data encryption since the user-configurable portion of the encryption key is 40 bits wide.

The 128-bit WEP data encryption method consists of 104 user-configurable bits. Similar to the forty-bit WEP data encryption method, the remaining 24 bits are factory set and not user configurable. Some vendors allow passphrases to be entered instead of the cryptic hexadecimal characters to ease encryption key entry.

128-bit encryption is stronger than 40-bit encryption, but 128-bit encryption may not be available outside of the United States due to U.S. export regulations.

When configured for 40-bit encryption, 802.11 products typically support up to four WEP Keys. Each 40-bit WEP Key is expressed as 5 sets of two hexadecimal digits (0-9 and A-F). For example, “12 34 56 78 90” is a 40-bit WEP Key.

When configured for 128-bit encryption, 802.11b products typically support four WEP Keys but some manufacturers support only one 128-bit key . The 128-bit WEP Key is expressed as 13 sets of two hexadecimal digits (0-9 and A-F). For example, “12 34 56 78 90 AB CD EF 12 34 56 78 90” is a 128-bit WEP Key.

Typically, 802.11 access points can store up to four 128-bit WEP Keys but some 802.11 client adapters can only store one. Therefore, make sure that your 802.11 access and client adapters configurations match.

Whatever keys you enter for an A P, you must also enter the same keys for the client adapter in the same order. In other words, WEP key 1 on the AP must match WEP key 1 on the client adapter, WEP key 2 on the AP must match WEP key 2 on the client adapter, etc.

Note: The AP and the client adapters can have different default WEP Keys as long as the keys are in the same order. In other words, the AP can use WEP key 2 as its default key to transmit while a client adapter can use WEP key 3 as its default key to transmit. The two devices will communicate as long as the AP’s WEP key 2 is the same as the client’s WEP key 2 and the AP’s WEP key 3 is the same as the client’s WEP key 3.

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How to Use WEP Parameters

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode. There are two shared key methods implemented in most commercially available products, 64-bit and 128-bit WEP data encryption.

Before enabling WEP on an 802.11 network, you must first consider what type of encryption you require and the key size you want to use. Typically, there are three WEP Encryption options available for 802.11 products:

1. Do Not Use WEP: The 802.11 network does not encrypt data. For authentication purposes, the network uses Open System Authentication.

2. Use WEP for Encryption: A transmitting 802.11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key. The receiving 802.1 1b device decry pts the data using the same WEP Key. For authentication purposes, the 802.11b network uses Open System Authentication.

3. Use WEP for Authentication and Encryption: A transmitting 802.11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key. The receiving 802.11 device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key. For authentication purposes, the 802.11 network uses Shared Key Authentication.

Note: Some 802.11 access points also support Use WEP for Authentication Only (Shared Key Authentication without data encryption). However, the WG602 v2 does not offer this option.

WPA Wireless Security

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a specification of standards-based, interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems.

The IEEE introduced the WEP as an optional security measure to secure 802.11b (W i-Fi) WLANs, but inherent weaknesses in the standard soon became obvious. In response to this situation, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced a new security architecture in October 2002 that remedies the short comings of WEP. This standard, formerly known as Safe Secure Network (SSN), is designed to work with existing 802.11 products and offers forward compatibility with 802.11i, the new wireless security architecture being defined in the IEEE.

WPA offers the following benefits:

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• Enhanced data privacy

• Robust key management

• Data origin authentication

• Data integrity protection The Wi-Fi Alliance is now performing interoperability certification testing on Wi-Fi Protected

Access products. Starting August of 2003, all new Wi-Fi certified products will have to support WPA. NETGEAR will implement WPA on client and access point products and make this available in the second half of 2003. Existing Wi-Fi certified products will have one year to add WPA support or they will loose their Wi-Fi certification.

The 802.11i standard is currently in draft form, with ratification due at the end of 2003. While the new IEEE 802.11i standard is being ratified, wireless vendors have agreed on WPA as an interoperable interim standard.

How Does WPA Compare to WEP?

WEP is a data encryption method and is not intended as a user authentication mechanism. WPA user authentication is implemented using 802.1x and the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). Support for 802.1x authentication is required in WPA. In the 802.11 standard, 802.1x authentication was optional. For details on EAP specifically, refer to IETF's RFC 2284.

With 802.1 1 WEP, all access points and client wireless adapters on a particular wireless LAN must use the same encryption key. A major problem with the 802.11 standard is that the keys are cumbersome to change. If you don't update the WEP keys often, an unauthorized person with a sniffing tool can monitor your network for less than a day and decode the encrypted messages. Products based on the 802.11 standard alone offer system administrators no effective method to update the keys.

For 802.11, WEP encryption is optional. For WPA, encryption using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) is required. TKIP replaces WEP with a new encryption algorithm that is stronger than the WEP algorithm, but that uses the calculation facilities present on existing wireless devices to perform encryption operations. TKIP provides important data encryption enhancements including a per-packet key mixing function, a message integrity check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism. Through these enhancements, TKIP addresses all of known WEP vulnerabilities.

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How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802.11i?

WPA will be forward compatible with the IEEE 802.11i security specification currently under development. WPA is a subset of the current 802.11i draft and uses certain pieces of the 802.11i draft that are ready to bring to market today, such as 802.1x and TKIP. The main pieces of the

802.11i draft that are not included in WPA are secure IBSS (Ad-Hoc mode), secure fast handoff (for specialized 802.11 VoIP phones), as well as enhanced encryption protocols such as AES-CCMP. These features are either not yet ready for market or will require hardware upgrades to implement.

What are the Key Features of WPA Security?

The following security features are included in the WPA standard:

• WPA Authentication

• WPA Encryption Key Management – Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) –Michael – AES Support

• Support for a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients

These features are discussed below. WPA addresses most of the known WEP vulnerabilities and is primarily intended for wireless

infrastructure networks as found in the enterprise. This infrastructure includes stations, access points, and authentication servers (typically RADIUS servers). The RADIUS server holds (or has access to) user credentials (e.g., user names and passwords) and authenticates wireless users before they gain access to the network.

The strength WPA comes from an integrated sequence of operations that encompass 802.1X/EAP authentication and sophisticated key management and encryption techniques. Its major operations include:

• Network security capability determination. This occurs at the 802.11 level and is communicated through WPA information elements in Beacon, Probe Response, and (Re) Association Requests. Information in these elements includes the authentication method (802.1X or Pre-shared key) and the preferred cipher suite (WEP, TKIP, or AES).

message integrity code (MIC)

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The primary information conveyed in the Beacon frames is the authentication method and the cipher suite. Possible authentication methods include 802.1X and Pre-shared key. Pre-shared key is an authentication method that uses a statically configured pass phrase on both the stations and the access point. This obviates the need for an authentication server, which in many home and small office environments will not be available nor desirable. Possible cipher suites include: WEP, TKIP, and AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). We’ll talk more TKIP and AES when addressing data privacy below.

• Authentication. EAP over 802.1X is used for authentication. Mutual authentication is gained by choosing an EAP type supporting this feature and is required by WPA. 802.1X port access control prevents full access to the network until authentication completes. 802.1X EAPOL-Key packets are used by WPA to distribute per-session keys to those stations successfully authenticated.

The supplicant in the station uses the authentication and cipher suite information contained in the information elements to decide which authentication method and cipher suite to use. For example, if the access point is using the Pre-shared key method then the supplicant need not authenticate using full-blown 802.1X. Rather, the supplicant must simply prove to the access point that it is in possession of the pre-shared key. If the supplicant detects that the service set does not contain a WPA information element then it knows it must use pre-WPA 802.1X authentication and key management in order to access the network.

• Key management. WPA features a robust key generation/management system that integrates the authentication and data privacy functions. Keys are generated after successful authentication and through a subsequent 4-way handshake between the station and Access Point (AP).

• Data Privacy (Encryption). T e mporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) is used to wrap WEP in sophisticated cryptographic and security techniques to overcome most of its weaknesses.

• Data integrity. TKIP includes a message integrity code (MIC) at the end of each plaintext message to ensure messages are not being spoofed.

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WPA Authentication: Enterprise-level User Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS

Wired Network with Optional

Wireless LAN

802.1x Port Based Network Access Control

WPA

enabled

wireless

client with

“supplicant”

Figure B-3: WPA Overview

WPA enabled

Access Point

pre-shared key

using

802.1x

TCP/IP

Ports Closed

Until

TCP/IP

Ports Opened

After

Authenticated

RADIUS Server

Authentication

Optional

Certificate

Authority

(eg Win

Server,

VeriSign,

etc)

IEEE 802.1x offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network, as well as providing a vehicle for dynamically varying data encry ption keys via EAP from a RADIUS server, for example. This framework enables using a central authentication server, which employs mutual authentication so that a rogue wireless user does not join the network.

It's important to note that 802.1x doesn't provide the actual authentication mechanisms. When using 802.1x, the EAP type, such as Transport Layer Security (EAP-TLS) or EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security (EAP-TTLS) defines how the authentication takes place.

Note: For environments with a Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) infrastructure, WPA supports Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). For environments without a RADIUS infrastructure, WPA supports the use of a preshared key.

Together, these technologies provide a framework for strong user authentication. Windows XP implements 802.1x natively, and several Netgear switch and wireless access point

products support 802.1x.

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Client with a WPA- enabled wireless adapter and supplicant (Win XP, Funk, Meetinghouse, etc.)

For example, a WPA-enabled AP

For example, a RADIUS server

Figure B-4: 802.1x Authentication Sequence

The AP sends Beacon Frames with WPA information element to the stations in the service set. Information elements include the required authentication method (802.1x or Pre-shared key) and the preferred cipher suite (WEP, TKIP, or AES). Probe Responses (AP to station) and Association Requests (station to AP) also contain WPA information elements.

1. Initial 802.1x communications begin with an unauthenticated supplicant (i.e., client device)

attempting to connect with an authenticator (i.e., 802.11 access point). The client sends an EAP-start message. This begins a series of message exchanges to authenticate the client.

2. The access point replies with an EAP-request identity message.

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The client sends an EAP-response packet containing the identity to the authentication server.

The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point. The access point blocks all other traffic, such as HTTP, DHCP, and POP3 packets, until the access point can verify the client's identity using an authentication server (e.g., RADIUS).

4. The authentication server uses a specific authentication algorithm to verify the client's identity .

This could be through the use of digital certificates or some other EAP authentication type.

5. The authentication server will either send an accept or reject message to the access point.

6. The access point sends an EAP-success packet (or reject packet) to the client.

7. If the authentication server accepts the client, then the access point will transition the client's

port to an authorized state and forward additional traffic.

The important part to know at this point is that the software supporting the specific EAP type resides on the authentication server and within the operating system or application “supplicant” software on the client devices. The access point acts as a “pass through” for 802.1x messages, which means that you can specify any EAP type without needing to upgrade an 802.1x-compliant access point. As a result, you can update the EAP authentication type to such devices as token cards (Smart Cards), Kerberos, one-time passwords, certificates, and public key authentication or as newer types become available and your requirements for security change.

WPA Data Encryption Key Management

With 802.1x, the rekeying of unicast encryption keys is optional. Additionally, 802.11 and 802.1x provide no mechanism to change the global encryption key used for multicast and broadcast traffic. With WPA, rekeying of both unicast and global encryption keys is required.

For the unicast encryption key, the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) changes the key for every frame, and the change is synchronized between the wireless client and the wireless access point (AP). For the global encryption key, WPA includes a facility (the Information Element) for the wireless AP to advertise the changed key to the connected wireless clients.

If configured to implement dynamic key exchange, the 802.1x authentication server can return session keys to the access point along with the accept message. The access point uses the session keys to build, sign and encrypt an EAP key message that is sent to the client immediately after sending the success message. The client can then use contents of the key message to define applicable encryption keys. In typical 802.1x implementations, the client can automatically change encryption keys as often as necessary to minimize the possibility of eavesdroppers having enough time to crack the key in current use.

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Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)

WPA uses TKIP to provide important data encryption enhancements including a per-packet key mixing function, a message integrity check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism. TKIP also provides for the following:

• The verification of the security configuration after the encryption keys are determined.

• The synchronized changing of the unicast encryption key for each frame.

• The determination of a unique starting unicast encryption key for each preshared key authentication.

Michael

With 802.11 and WEP, data integrity is provided by a 32-bit integrity check value (ICV) that is appended to the 802.11 payload and encrypted with WEP. Although the ICV is encrypted, you can use cryptanalysis to change bits in the encrypted payload and update the encrypted ICV without being detected by the receiver.

With WPA, a method known as Michael specifies a new algorithm that calculates an 8-byte message integrity code (MIC) using the calculation facilities available on existing wireless devices. The MIC is placed between the data portion of the IEEE 802.1 1 frame and the 4-byte ICV. The MIC field is encrypted together with the frame data and the ICV.

Michael also provides replay protection. A new frame counter in the IEEE 802.11 frame is used to prevent replay attacks.

AES Support

One of the encryption methods supported by WPA beside TKIP is the advanced encryption standard (AES), although AES support will not be required initially for W i-Fi certification. This is viewed as the optimal choice for security conscience organizations, but the problem with AES is that it requires a fundamental redesign of the NIC’s hardware in both the station and the access point. TKIP was a pragmatic compromise that allows organizations to deploy better security while AES capable equipment is being designed, manufactured, and incrementally deployed.

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Is WPA Perfect?

WPA is not without its vulnerabilities. Specifically, it is susceptible to denial of service (DoS) attacks. If the access point receives two data packets that fail the Message Integrity Code (MIC) check within 60 seconds of each other then the network is under an active attack, and as a result, the access point employs counter measures, which includes disassociating each station using the access point. This prevents an attacker from gleaning information about the encryption key and alerts administrators, but it also causes users to lose network connectivity for 60 seconds. More than anything else, this may just prove that no single security tactic is completely invulnerable. WPA is a definite step forward in WLAN security over WEP and has to be thought of as a single part of an end-to-end network security strategy.

Product Support for WPA

Starting in August, 2003, NETGEAR, Inc. wireless W i-Fi certified products will support the WPA standard. NETGEAR, Inc. wireless products that had their Wi-Fi certification approved before August, 2003 will have one year to add WPA so as to maintain their Wi-Fi certification.

WPA requires software changes to the following:

• Wireless access points

• Wireless network adapters

• Wireless client programs

Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients

To support the gradual transition of WEP-based wireless networks to WPA, a wireless AP can support both WEP and WPA clients at the same time. During the association, the wireless AP determines which clients use WEP and which clients use WPA. The disadvantage to supporting a mixture of WEP and WPA clients is that the global encryption key is not dynamic. This is because WEP-based clients cannot support it. All other benefits to the WPA clients, such as integrity, are maintained.

However, a mixed mode supporting WPA and non-WPA clients would offer network security that is no better than that obtained with a non-WPA network, and thus this mode of operation is discouraged.

Changes to Wireless Access Points

Wireless access points must have their firmware updated to support the following:

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• The new WPA information element To advertise their support of WPA, wireless APs send the beacon frame with a new 802.11 WPA information element that contains the wireless AP's security configuration (encryption algorithms and wireless security configuration information).

• The WPA two-phase authentication Open system, then 802.1x (EAP with RADIUS or preshared key).

• TKIP

• Michael

• AES (optional)

T o upgrade your wireless access points to support WPA, obtain a WPA firmware update from your wireless AP vendor and upload it to your wireless AP.

Changes to Wireless Network Adapters

Wireless network adapters must have their firmware updated to support the following:

• The new WPA information element Wireless clients must be able to process the WPA information element and respond with a specific security configuration.

• The WPA two-phase authentication Open system, then 802.1x (EAP or preshared key).

• TKIP

• Michael

• AES (optional)

To upgrade your wireless network adapters to support WPA, obtain a WPA update from your wireless network adapter vendor and update the wireless network adapter driver.

For Windows wireless clients, you must obtain an updated network adapter driver that supports WP A. For wireless network adapter drivers that are compatible with W indows XP (Service Pack 1) and Windows Server 2003, the updated network adapter driver must be able to pass the adapter's WPA capabilities and security configuration to the Wireless Zero Configuration service.

Microsoft has worked with many wireless vendors to embed the WPA firmware update in the wireless adapter driver. So, to update you W indows wireless client, all you have to do is obtain the new WPA-compatible driver and install the driver. The firmware is automatically updated when the wireless network adapter driver is loaded in Windows.

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Changes to Wireless Client Programs

Wireless client programs must be updated to permit the configuration of WPA authentication (and preshared key) and the new WPA encryption algorithms (TKIP and the optional AES component).

To obtain the Microsoft WPA client program, visit the following Microsoft Web site.

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Appendix C

Network, Routing, Firewall, and Cabling Basics

This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and wireless networking. As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further

information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering T ask Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet. The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet. The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www.ietf.org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide.

Basic Router Concepts

Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network (LAN). However, providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive. Because of this expense, Internet access is usually provided by a slower-speed wide-area network (WAN) link such as a cable or DSL modem. In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link, a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traf fic meant for the Internet. The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router.

What is a Router?

A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. In these routing tables, a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic.

Routers vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of physical WAN connection they support. The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single-user broadband connection.

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IP Addresses and the Internet

Because TCP/IP networks are interconnected across the world, every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination. Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the IANA or from an Internet service provider (ISP). You can contact IANA at www.iana.org.

The Internet Protocol (IP) uses a 32-bit address structure. The address is usually written in dot notation (also called dotted-decimal notation), in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form, separated by decimal points.

For example, the following binary address: 11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111 is normally written as: 195.34.12.7 The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer. In addition, the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts. The first part of the address

identifies the network, and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network. The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application.

There are five standard classes of IP addresses. These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address, allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network. Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern, which is used by the TCP/IP software to identify the address class. After the address class has been determined, the software can correctly identify the host section of the address. The follow figure shows the three main address classes, including network and host sections of the address for each address type.

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lass A

etwork Node

lass B

Network Node

lass C

Network Node

Figure C-1: Three Main Address Classes

The five address classes are:

• Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range:

1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x.

• Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network. A Class B address uses a 16-bit network number and a 16-bit node number. Class B addresses are in this range:

128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x.

• Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network. Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node. They are in this range:

192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x.

• Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messages sent to many hosts). Class D addresses are in this range:

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

• Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use.

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Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual