NETGEAR MR814 v3 User Manual

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Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router

NETGEAR, Inc.

4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA

202-10039-01 Version 1.0 June 2004

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Trademarks

NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Wi ndow s NT are registered trademar ks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruct ions, may cause harmf ul interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance

This is to certify that the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).

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Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs

Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.

Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.

Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer

It is hereby certified that the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.

Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.

Voluntary Contr ol Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement

This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.

When used near a radio or TV receiver , it may become the cause of radio interference. Read instructions for correct handling.

Customer Support

Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router.

World Wide Web

NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL) http://www.netgear.com. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required.

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Chapter 1 About This Manual

Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats ................................................................1-1

How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................1-2

How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3

Chapter 2 Introduction

Key Features of the Router ............................................................................................2-1

802.11b Standards-based Wireless Networking ......................................................2-2

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................2-2

Security ....................................................................................................................2-3

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink™ ...........................................2-3

Extensive Protocol Support ......................................................................................2-3

Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................2-4

Maintenance and Support .................. .... ... ... ... .......................................... ... .... ... ... ..2-5

Package Contents ..........................................................................................................2-5

The Router’s Front Panel .........................................................................................2-6

The Router’s Rear Panel .........................................................................................2-7

A Road Map for ‘How to Get There From Here’ ..................................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ..... 2-7

Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet

Prepare to Install Your Router ............................................ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ...............3-1

First, Connect the Router to the Internet ........................................................................3-1

Now, Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity .......................................................3-7

Troubleshooting Tips ......................................................................................................3-8

Overview of How to Access the Router ..........................................................................3-9

How to Log On to the Router After

Configuration Settings Have Been Applied ............................................................3-10

How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant ...........................................................3-12

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How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection ..... .......................................... ... 3-13

Using the Smart Setup Wizard .....................................................................................3-15

NETGEAR product registration, support, and documentation ......................................3-16

Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration

Observe Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines .......................... .................. 4-1

Implement Appropriate Wireless Security ......................................................................4-2

Understanding Wireless Settings ...................................................................................4-3

Default Factory Settings ...........................................................................................4-3

Basic Wireless Settings ............................................................................................4-3

Advanced Wireless Settings ....................................................................................4-6

Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings .............................4-7

How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity ..............................................4-8

How to Configure WEP ..........................................................................................4-10

How to Configure WPA-PSK Wireless Security ............................................................4-11

How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address ...............................................4-12

Chapter 5 Content Filtering

Content Filtering Overview .............................................................................................5-1

Blocking Access to Internet Sites ...................................................................................5-2

Blocking Access to Internet Services .............................................................................5-3

Configuring a User Defined Service ... .... ... ... .......................................... ... ... .... ... ... ..5-4

Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range ..............................................5-5

Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced .................................................................5-5

Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access ...............................................5-6

Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications ..........................................5-7

Chapter 6 Maintenance

Viewing Router Status Information .................................. ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ..6-1

Viewing a List of Attached Devices .................................................................................6-5

Configuration File Management .....................................................................................6-5

Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration ...........................................................6-6

Erasing the Configuration .........................................................................................6-7

Upgrading the Router Software ......................................................................................6-7

Changing the Administrator Password ...........................................................................6-8

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Chapter 7 Advanced Configuration of the Router

Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers ..........................................................7-1

Adding a Custom Service ................................ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ..................................7-2

Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry ........................ ................................... .. 7-3

Local Web and FTP Server Example .......................................................................7-3

Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III Example ..................................7-3

Configuring the WAN Setup Options ..............................................................................7-4

Setting Up a Default DMZ Server .............................. ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ...............7-4

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port ...................................................................7-5

Setting the MTU Size ...................... ... .... ... ... ... ... .......................................... .... ... ... ..7-5

Using the LAN IP Setup Options ....................................................................................7-6

Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters ............................................................7-6

Using the Router as a DHCP server ........................................................................7-8

Using Address Reservation ......................................................................................7-8

Using a Dynamic DNS Service .......................................................................................7-9

Configuring Static Routes .............................................................................................7-10

Enabling Remote Management Access .......................................................................7-12

Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) ........................................................................7-13

Chapter 8 Troubleshooting

Basic Functioning ...........................................................................................................8-1

Power Light Not On ..................................................................................................8-1

Lights Never Turn Off ...............................................................................................8-2

LAN or WAN Port Lights Not On ..............................................................................8-2

Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ..........................................................8-3

Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................8-4

Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility .................................................8-5

Testing the LAN Path to Your Router .......................................................................8-5

Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device .....................................8-6

Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ............... .........................................8-7

Problems with Date and Time .........................................................................................8-8

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Appendix A Technical Specifications

Appendix B Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics

Related Publications ...................................................................................................... B-1

Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1

What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-1

Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... B-2

IP Addresses and the Internet .. ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................................. B-2

Netmask .................................... ................................................................ ..............B-4

Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-4

Private IP Addresses ................................. ... ... ... .......................................... ........... B-7

Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ....................................................................... B-7

MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-8

Related Documents ................................................................................................. B-9

Domain Name Server .............................................................................................. B-9

IP Configuration by DHCP ............................... .......................................... ... ... ... .... ..... B-10

Internet Security and Firewalls .................................................................................... B-10

What is a Firewall? ................................................................................................ B-10

Stateful Packet Inspection ........................... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ......B-11

Denial of Service Attack ..................................................................................B-11

Ethernet Cabling ................................. ... ... .... ... .......................................... ... ... ... .... ... ...B-11

Category 5 Cable Quality ...................................................................................... B-12

Inside Twisted Pair Cables .................................................................................... B-13

Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching ............................ B-14

Appendix C Preparing Your Network

What You Need To Use a Router with a Broadband Modem ......................................... C-1

Cabling and Computer Hardware ............................................................................C-1

Computer Network Configuration Requirements ............................. ... ... ... ... .... ... ... . C-1

Internet Configuration Requirements ...................................................................... C-2

Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? ........................................C-2

Record Your Internet Connection Information ......................................................... C-3

Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ................................................... ... . C-3

Configuring Windows 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking ....................................... C-4

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Install or V erify Windows Networking Components ................................................. C-4

Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings in Windows 95B, 98, and Me

C-6

Selecting Windows’ Internet Access Method .......................................................... C-8

Verifying TCP/IP Properties .................................................................................... C-8

Configuring Windows NT4, 2000 or XP for IP Networking ............................................C-9

Install or V erify Windows Networking Components ................................................. C-9

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4 ............................. C-10

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP ................................................... C-10

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 2000 ................................................ C-12

DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 .................................................. C-15

Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 .............................. C-17

Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ...................................................... C-18

MacOS 8.6 or 9.x .................. .... ... ... ... .......................................... ......................... C-18

MacOS X ...... ... .......................................... .......................................... ..................C-18

Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... .....C-19

Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account ....................................................... C-20

Are Login Protocols Used? ................................................................................... C-20

What Is Your Configuration Information? .............................................................. C-20

Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers .......................C-21

Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers .....................C-22

Restarting the Network ................................................................................................ C-23

Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics

Wireless Networking Overview .............................. ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ....D-1

Infrastructure Mode .................................................................................................D-1

Ad Hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup) ................................................................ D-2

Network Name: Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID) ................................D-2

Wireless Channels ....................... .... ... ... ... ..................................................................... D-2

Authentication and WEP ........................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .............................. D-4

802.11b Authentication ............................................................................................ D-4

Open System Authentication .............................. .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ...........D-5

Shared Key Authentication ......................................................................................D-5

Overview of WEP Parameters ................................................................................ D-6

Key Size .................................................................................................................. D-7

WEP Configuration Options ................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ........................................ D-8

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WPA Wireless Security ..................................................................................................D-8

How Does WPA Compare to WEP? ........................................................................D-9

How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802.11i? ........................................................ D-10

What are the Key Features of WPA Security? ...................................................... D-10

WPA Authentication: Enterprise-level User

Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS ..................................................D-12

WPA Data Encryption Key Management ........................................................D-14

Is WPA Perfect? ........................................... .......................................... ...............D-16

Product Support for WPA ......................................................................................D-16

Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients ............................... D-16

Changes to Wireless Access Points ............................................................... D-16

Changes to Wireless Network Adapters .........................................................D-17

Changes to Wireless Client Programs .......................... ......................... ......... D-18

Glossary Index

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Chapter 1

About This Manual

This chapter describes the intended audience, scope, conventions, and formats of this manual.

Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats

This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website.

This guide uses the following typographical conventions:

Table 1-1. Typographical Conventions

italics Emphasis, books, CDs, URL names

bold User input

SMALL CAPS Screen text, file and server names, extensions, commands, IP addresses

This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:

Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.

This manual is written for the MR814 v3 router according to these specifications.:

Table 1-2. Manual Scope

Product Version MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Manual Publication Date June 2004

Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR Web site at

http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/MR814v3.asp.

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How to Use This Manual

The HTML version of this manual includes a variety of navigation features as well as links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters.

2 3

Figure 1 -1: HTML version of this manual

1. Left pane. Use the left pane to view the Contents, Index, Search, and Favorites tabs.

To view the HTML version of the manual, you must have a version 4 or later browser with JavaScript enabled.

2. Toolbar buttons. Use the toolbar buttons across the top to navigate, print pages, and more.

The Show in Contents button locates the current topic in the Contents tab.

Previous/Next buttons display the previous or next topic.

The PDF button links to a PDF version of the full manual.

The Print button prints the current topic. Click this button when a step-by -step procedure is displayed to send the entire procedure to your printer. You do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages.

3. Right pane. Use the right pane to view the contents of the manual. Also, each page of the

manual includes a link at the top right which links to a PDF file containing just the currently selected chapter of the manual.

2 About This Manual

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How to Print this Manual

To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options, according to your needs.

• Printing a “How To” Sequence of Steps in the HTML View.

Use the Print button on the upper right of the toolbar to print the currently displayed topic. Use this button when a step-by-step procedure is displayed to send the entire procedure to your printer. You do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages.

• Printing a Chapter.

Use the link at the top right of any page. – Click “PDF of This Chapter” link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to

print. The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window. Note: Your computer must have the free Adobe Acrobat reader installed in order to view

and print PDF files. The Acrobat reader is available on the Adobe web site at

http://www.adobe.com.

– Click the print icon in the upper left of the window.

Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save paper and printer ink by selecting this feature.

• Printing the Full Manual.

Use the PDF button in the toolbar at the top right of the browser window. – Click the PDF button on the upper right of the toolbar. The PDF version of the

chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window.

– Click the print icon in the upper left of the window.

Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save paper and printer ink by selecting this feature.

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4 About This Manual

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Chapter 2

Introduction

This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router.

Key Features of the Router

The MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router with 4-port switch connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem.

The MR814 v3 router provides you with multiple Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts -- both via e-mail. Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, Web site addresses and address keywords, and share high-speed cable/DSL Internet access for up to 253 personal computers. In addition to the Network Address Translation (NAT) feature, the built-in firewall protects you from hackers.

With minimum setup, you can install and use the router within minutes. The MR814 v3 router provides the following features:

• 802.11b Standards-based wireless networking

• WPA-PSK wireless security.

• Easy, web-based Smart Wizard configuration assistant

• Content Filtering and Site Blocking Security

• Built in 4-port 10/100 Mbps Switch

• Ethernet connection to a wide area network (WAN) device, such as a cable modem or DSL modem

• Extensive Protocol Support

• Login capability

• Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity

• Flash memory for firmware upgrade

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802.11b Standards-based Wireless Networking

The MR814 v3 router includes an 802.11b-compliant wireless access point, providing continuous, high-speed 11 Mbps access between your wireless and Ethernet devices. The access point provides:

• 802.11b Standards-based wireless networking at up to 11 Mbps

• 64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption security.

• WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase.

• WPA-PSK support. Support for Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) data encryption which provides strong data encryption and authentication based on a pre-shared key.

• Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address.

• Wireless network name broadcast can be turned off so that only devices that have the network name (SSID) can connect.

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering

Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, the MR814 v3 is a true firewall, using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks. Its firewall features include:

• Denial of Service (DoS) protection. Automatically detects and thwarts DoS attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND

Attack, and IP Spoofing.

• Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN.

• Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.

• Logs security incidents. The MR814 v3 will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic, port scans, attacks,

and administrator logins. You can configure the router to E-mail the log to you at specified intervals. You can also configure the router to send immediate alert messages to your E-mail address or E-mail pager whenever a significant event occurs.

• With its content filtering feature, the MR814 v3 prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs. The router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses. You can configure the router to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites.

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Security

The MR814 v3 router is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this section.

• PCs Hidden by NAT NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN.

• Port Forwarding with NAT Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the PCs on the LAN, the router allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific PCs based on the service port number of the incoming request, or to one designated “DMZ” host computer. You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink™

With its internal 8-port 10/100 switch, the MR814 v3 can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. Both the LAN and WAN interfaces are autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation.

The router incorporates Auto Uplink whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a ‘normal’ connection such as to a PC or an ‘uplink’ connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

technology. Each Ethernet port will automatically sense

Extensive Protocol Support

The MR814 v3 router supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Routing Information Protocol (RIP). For further information about TCP/IP, refer to Appendix B,

“Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics.”

• IP Address Sharing by NAT The MR814 v3 router allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider (ISP). This technique, known as NAT, allows the use of an inexpensive single-user ISP account.

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• Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP The MR814 v3 router dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway, and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network.

• DNS Proxy When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the router provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs. The router obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN.

• PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as Entersys or WinPOET on your PC.

Easy Installation and Management

You can install, configure, and operate the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router within minutes after connecting it to the network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks:

• Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant A user-friendly Smart Wizard configuration assistant that automatically connects you to the router, detects the type of Internet connection you have, and guides you through enabling your wireless network.

• Browser-based management Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure your router from almost any type of personal computer, such as Windows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user-friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web Management Interface.

• Smart Wizard The MR814 v3 router automatically senses the type of Internet connection, asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account.

• Visual monitoring The MR814 v3 router’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity.

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Maintenance and Support

NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the MR814 v3 router:

• Flash memory for firmware upgrade

• Free technical support seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day

Package Contents

The product package should contain the following items:

• MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router.

•AC power adapter.

• Category 5 (CAT5) Ethernet cable.

• MR814 v3 Resource CD (2230-10095-01 ), including: — This guide. — Application Notes and other helpful information.

• Registration and Warranty Card.

• Support Information Card.

If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the router for repair.

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The Router’s Front Panel

The front panel of the MR814 v3 router contains the status lights described below.

0OWER

4EST

7IRELESS

)NTERNET0ORT

,!.0ORT

Figure 2-1: MR814 v3 Front Panel

You can use the status lights to verify connections. Viewed from left to right, the table below describes the lights on the front panel of the router.

Table 2-1. Status Light Descriptions

Label Activity Description

Power On Green Solid

Off

Test Blinking

Off

Wireless On

Off

Internet On

Blink

LAN On (Green)

Blink (Green) On (Yellow) Blink (Yellow) Off

Power is supplied to the router. Power is not supplied to the router.

The router is performing its diagnostic test. The router successfully completed its diagnostic test.

The Wireless port is initialized and the wireless feature is enabled. The wireless feature is turned off or there is a problem.

The Internet port has detected a link with an attached device. Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port.

The LAN (local area network) port has detected link with a 100 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 100 Mbps. The Local port has detected link with a 10 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 10 Mbps. No link is detected on this port.

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The Router’s Rear Panel

The rear panel of the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router contains these port connections.

Wireless Antenna

Power

Figure 1-2: MR814 v3 Rear Panel

4 LAN Ports

Reset Button

Internet Port

Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following features:

• AC power adapter outlet for 12 V DC @ 1 A output, 20W maximum

• Four Local (LAN) 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports for connecting the router to the local computers

• Internet (WAN) Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem

• Factory Default Reset push button for Restoring the Default Configuration and Password

• Wireless antenna

A Road Map for ‘How to Get There From Here’

The introduction and adoption of any new technology can be a difficult process. Broadband Internet service is considered so useful that more and more people want to set up networks in their home to share a broadband connection. Wireless technology has removed one of the barriers to networking—running wires. It allows more people to try networking while at the same time exposes them to the inherent complexity of networking. General networking concepts, setup, and maintenance can be difficult to understand. In addition, wireless technology adds issues, such as

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range, interference, signal quality, and security to the picture. To help overcome potential barriers to successfully using home networks, the table below

identifies how to accomplish such things as connecting to a wireless network, assuring appropriate security measures are taken, browsing the Internet through your wireless connection, exchanging files with other computers and using printers in the combined wireless and wired network.

Table 2-1. A Road Map for How to Get There From Here

If I Want To? What Do I Do? What’s Needed? How Do I? Set up a

wireless network

Protect my wireless connection

from snooping, hacking, or information theft.

Note: Secure Internet sites such as banks and online merchants use encryption security built into browsers like Internet Explorer and Netscape. Any wireless networking security features you might impleme n t are in addition to those already in place on secure Internet sites.

1. Choose a wireless network name (SSID) and, decide if you need to use wireless security, and if so, what settings to use.

2. Set up the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router with settings based on step 1.

3. Set up the wireless computers with the settings from step 2.

1. Assure that the wireless network has security features enabled.

2. Configure my MR814 v3 with the security settings of the wireless network.

3. Use Windows security features.

• Wireless network equipment such as the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router.

• A computer within the operating range of the wireless network. For guidelines about the range of wireless networks, see

“Observe Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines”.

• A wireless network WEP security enabled.

• Wireless networking equipment that supports WEP, such as the MR814 v3 and all NETGEAR wireless networking products.

To set up the MR814 v3, see

Chapter 3, “Connecting the Router to the Internet and follow

the instructions provided.

To learn about wireless networking technology, see

Appendix D, “Wireless Networking Basics for a general

introduction.

To learn about wireless networking security, see

“Authentication and WEP“ on page -4.

To use WEP security features, see “Implement Appropriate

Wireless Security” and configure

your MR814 v3 accordingly.

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Table 2-1. A Road Map for How to Get There From Here

If I Want To? What Do I Do? What’s Needed? How Do I? Share

Windows PC files and printers at

home in a combined wireless and wired network.

Note: For sharing files and printers on other types of computers like Macintosh or Linux, refer to the product documentation that came with those computers.

1. Use the Windows Printers and Fax features to locate available printers in the combined wireless and wired network in your home.

2. Use the Windows Add a Printer wizard to add access to a network printer from the notebook PC you are using to wirelessly connect to the network.

3. From the File menu of an application such as Microsoft Word, use the Print Setup feature to direct your print output to the printer in the network.

• Windows computers (wired and wireless) I am using to connect to the network need to be configured with the Windows Client and File and Print Sharing.

• Windows computers (wired and wireless) I am using to connect to the network need to be configured with the same Windows Workgroup or Domain settings as the other Windows computers in the combined wireless and wired network.

• Any Windows networking security access rights such as login user name/ password that have been assigned in the Windows network must be provided when Windows prompts for such information.

• If so-called Windows ‘peer’ networking is being used, the printer needs to be enabled for sharing.

•

Windows Domain settings are usually managed by corporate computer support groups.

Windows Workgroup settings are commonly managed by individuals who want to set up small networks in their homes, or small offices.

For assistance with setting up Windows networking, refer to the PC Networking Tutorial on the

MR814 v3 Resource CD (2230-10095-01 ) and the Help

information provided in the Windows system you are using.

For assistance with setting up printers in Windows, refer to the Help and Support information that comes with the version of the Windows operating systems you are using.

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Chapter 3

Connecting the Router to the Internet

This chapter describes how to set up the router on your local area network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. You will find out how to configure your MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router for Internet access using the Setup Wizard, or how to manually configure your Internet connection.

Follow these instructions to set up your router.

Prepare to Install Your Router

• Observe the wireless placement and range guidelines in the Reference Manual.

• For Cable Modem Service: When you perform the router setup steps be sure to use the computer you first registered with your cable ISP.

• For DSL Service: You may need information such as the DSL login name/e-mail address and password in order to complete the router setup.

Before proceeding with the router installation, familiarize yourself with the contents of the MR814 v3 Resource CD (2230-10095-01 ), especially this manual and the animated tutorials for configuring networking on PCs.

First, Connect the Router to the Internet

1. CONNECT THE ROUTER, THE COMPUTER, AND THE MODEM

a. Turn off your computer.

b. Turn off the cable or DSL broadband modem.

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Locate the Ethernet cable (cable 1 in the diagram) that connects your PC to the modem.

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Figure 3-1: Disconnect the Ethernet cable from the computer

Disconnect the cable at the computer end only, point A in the diagram.

e. Look at the label on the bottom of the router. Locate the Internet port. Securely insert the

Ethernet cable from your modem (cable 1 in the diagram below) into the Internet port of the router as shown in point B of the diagram.

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Figure 3-2: Connect the router to the modem

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Note: Place the MR814 v3 router in a location which conforms to the “Observe

Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines” on page 4-1. The stand provided with the

router provides a convenient, space-saving way of installing the router. Avoid stacking it on other electronic equipment.

f. Securely insert the blue cable that came with your router (cable 2 in the diagram below)

into a LAN port on the router such as LAN port 4 (point C in the diagram), and the other end into the Ethernet port of your computer (point D in the diagram).

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Figure 3-3: Connect the computer to the router

Your network cables are connected and you are ready to restart your network.

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2. RESTART YOUR NETWORK IN THE CORRECT SEQUENCE

Warning: Failure to restart your network in the correct sequence could prevent you from connecting to the Internet.

a. First, turn on the broadband modem and wait 2 minutes. b. Now, plug in the power cord to your router and wait 1 minute. c. Last, turn on your computer.

Note: For DSL customers, if software logs you in to the Internet, do not run that software. Y ou may need to go to the Internet Explorer T ools menu, Internet Options, Connections tab page where you can select “Never dial a connection.”

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0OWER

Figure 3-4: Verify the connections according to the status lights on the router

Check the router status lights to verify the following:

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• Power: The power light should turn solid green. If it does not, see “Troubleshooting

Tips” on page 3-8.

• Test: The test light blinks when the router is first turned on then goes off. If after 2 minutes it is still on, see “Troubleshoo ting Tips” on page 3-8.

• Internet: The Internet port light should be lit. If not, make sure the Ethernet cable is securely attached to the router Internet port and the modem, and the modem is powered on.

• Wireless: The Wireless light should be lit. If the Wireless light is not lit, see

“Troubleshooting Tips” on page 3-8.

• LAN: A LAN light should be lit. Green indicates your computer is communicating at 100 Mbps; yellow indicates 10 Mbps. If LAN light is not lit, check that the Ethernet cable from the computer to the router is securely attached at both ends, and that the computer is turned on.

3. USE THE SMART WIZARD TO CONFIGURE THE ROUTER

a. From the Ethernet connected PC you just set up, open a browser such as Internet Explorer

or Netscape® Navigator.

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In its factory default state, the router will automatically display the NETGEAR Smart Wizard configuration assistant welcome page.

Figure 3-5: NETGEAR Smart Wizard configuration assistant

Note: If you do not see this page, clear the browser cache by going to the Internet Explorer Tools menu, Internet Options, and clicking Delete Files, then selecting the Delete all offline files check box and clicking Ok.

If you still do not connect, type http://www.routerlogin.net in the browser address bar and click Enter. Otherwise, to bypass this screen, see “How to Bypass the Configuration

Assistant” on page 3-12 and the “How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection” on page 3-13 topics in this chapter.

If you cannot connect to the router, verify your computer networking setup. It should be set to obtain both IP and DNS server addresses automatically, which is usually so. For help with this, see Appendix C, “Preparing Your Network” or the animated tutorials on the CD.

b. Click OK. Follow the prompts to proceed with the Smart Wizard configuration assistant to

connect to the Internet.

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Follow the instructions on the screen to enable the wireless feature.

Figure 3-6: Enable the wireless feature

Enable your wireless network, click Next to proceed, then click Done to finish. If you have trouble connecting to the Internet, see “Troubleshooting Tips” on page 3-8 t o co rrect basic problems.

Note: The Smart Wizard configuration assistant only appears when the router is in its factory default state. After you configure the router, it will not appear again. You can always connect to the router to change its settings. To do so, open a browser such as Internet Explorer and go to http://www.routerlogin.net. Then, when prompted, enter admin as the user name and password for the password both in lower case letters.

You are now connected to the Internet and the wireless feature of the router is enabled! Next, configure your wireless computer.

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Now, Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity

You are now connected to the Internet and the wireless feature of the router is enabled! Next, configure your wireless computer.

1. CONFIGURE THE COMPUTER’S WIRELESS ADAPTER SETTINGS

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Figure 3-7: Configure wireless computer

NETGEAR, Inc. wireless adapters display a list of available wireless networks, and, when wireless security is disabled, you simply choose yours from the list and connect.

For a non-NETGEAR wireless adapter, configure it to match your settings exactly. If you changed the default Network Name (SSID), be sure to use the correct Network Name (SSID) you set in the router.

WIRELESS FEATURE DEFAULT SETTING

Network Name (SSID) NETGEAR

WEP Security Disabled

Warning: The Network Name (SSID) is case sensitive. Entering nETgear will not work.

2. VERIFY WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY

Verify wireless connectivity. Connect to the Internet or log in to the router from a computer with a wireless adapter. For wireless connectivity problems, see “Troubleshooting Tips” on

page 3-8.

You are now wirelessly connected to the Internet! Implement wireless security according to the instructions in “Implement Appropriate Wireless Security” on page 4-2.”

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Troubleshooting Tips

Here are some tips for correcting simple problems you may have.

Be sure to restart your network in this sequence:

1) Turn off the modem, router, and computer; 2) Turn on the modem, wait two minutes; 3) Turn on the router and wait 1 minute; 4) Turn on the computer.

Make sure the Ethernet cables are securely plugged in.

• The Internet status light on the router will be lit if the Ethernet cable to the router from the modem is plugged in securely and the modem and router are turned on.

• For each powered on computer connected to the router with a securely plugged in Ethernet cable, the corresponding router LAN port status light will be lit. The label on the bottom of the router identifies the number of each LAN port.

Make sure the wireless settings in the computer and router match exactly.

The Wireless Network Name (SSID) and WEP settings of the router and wireless computer must match exactly.

Make sure the network settings of the computer are correct.

• LAN and wirelessly connected computers must be configured to obtain an IP address automatically via DHCP. Please see Appendix C, “Preparing Your Network” or the animated tutorials on the CD for help with this.

• Some cable modem ISPs require you to use the MAC address of the computer registered on the account. If so, in the Router MAC Address section of the Basic Settings menu, select, “Use this Computer’s MAC Address.” The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using. You must be u sing the computer that is registered with the ISP. Click Apply to save your settings. Restart the network in the correct sequence.

Check the router status lights to verify correct router operation.

• If the Power light does not turn solid green within 2 minutes after turning the router on, reset the router according to the instructions in “Restoring the Default Configuration and Password”

on page 8-7.

• If the Wireless light does not come on, verify that the wireless feature is turned on according to the instructions in “Restoring the Default Configuration and Password” on page 8-7.

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Overview of How to Access the Router

The table below describes how you access the router, depending on the state of the router.

Table 3-1. Ways to access the router

Router State Access Options Description Factory Default

Note: The router is

supplied in the factory default state. Also, t

factory default state is restored when you use the factory reset button. See

“Restoring the Default Configuration and Password” on page 8-7 for more

information on this feature.

Configuration Settings Have Been Applied

Automatic Access via the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant

Manually enter a URL to bypass the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant

Enter the standard URL to access the

router

Any time a browser is opened on any computer connected to

router, the router will automatically connect to that

the

browser and display the Configuration Assistant welcome page.

There is no need to enter the router URL in the browser,

or provide the

You can bypass the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant feature by typing

http://www.routerlogin.net/basicsetting.htm

in the browser address bar and clicking Enter. You will not be prompted for a user name or password.

This will enable you to manually configure the router even when it is in the factory default state. When manually configuring the router, you must complete the configuration by clicking Apply when finished entering your settings. If you do not do so, a browser on any PC connected to the router will automatically display the router's Configuration Assistant Welcome page rather than the browser’s home page.

Connect to the router by typing either of these URLs in the address field of your browser, then click Enter:

http://www.routerlogin.net

•

http://www.routerlogin.com

• The router will prompt you to enter the user name of admin and the password. The default password is password.

Enter the IP address

router to

of the access the

Connect to the router by typing the IP address of the router in the address field of your browser, then click Enter.

192.168.0.1 is the default IP address of the router. The router will prompt you to enter the user name of admin and the password. The default password is password.

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How to Log On to the Router After Configuration Settings Have Been Applied

1. Connect to the router by typing http://www.routerlogin.net in the address field of your

browser, then click Enter.

2. For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case

letters. To change the password, see “Changing the Administrator Password” on page 6-8 Note: The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you

may use to log in to your Internet connection. A login window like the one shown below opens:

Figure 3-8: Login window

Once you have entered your user name and password, your Web browser should find the MR814 v3 router and display the home page as shown in belo w.

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Figure 3-9: Login result: MR814 v3 home page

The browser will then display the MR814 v3 settings home page. When the router is connected to the Internet, click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link

under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the router. If you do not click Logout, the router will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it

automatically logs you out.

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How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant

1. When the router is in the factory default state, type

http://www.routerlogin.net/basicsetting.htm in the address field of your browser, then click Enter.

When the router is in the factory default state, a user name and password are not required.

2. The browser will then display the MR814 v3 settings home page shown in “Login result:

MR814 v3 home page” on page 3-11.

If you do not click Logout, the router will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it automatically logs you out.

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How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection

You can manually configure your router using the menu below, or you can allow the Setup W izard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section.

ISP Does Not Require Login

ISP Does Require Login

Figure 3-10: Browser-based configuration Basic Settings menus

You can manually configure the router using the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 3-10 using these steps:

1. Connect to the router by typing http://www.routerlogin.net in the address field of your

browser, then click Enter.

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For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter

2. admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case

letters.

3. Click Basic Settings on the Setup menu.

4. If your Internet connection does not require a login, click No at the top of the Basic Settings

menu and fill in the settings according to the instructions below. If your Internet connection does require a login, click Yes, and skip to step 3.

a. Enter your Account Name (may also be called Host Name) and Domain Name.

These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s services such as mail or news servers.

b. Internet IP Address:

If your ISP has assigned you a permanent, fixed (static) IP address for your computer, select “Use static IP address”. Enter the IP address that your ISP assigned. Also enter the netmask and the Gateway IP address. The Gateway is the ISP’s router to which your router will connect.

c. Domain Name Server (DNS) Address:

If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the router during login, select “Use these DNS servers” and enter the IP address of your ISP’s Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is available, enter it also.

Note: If you enter an address here, restart the computers on your network so that these settings take effect.

d. Gateway’s MAC Address:

This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the router on the Internet port. Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your computer when your account is first opened. They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that computer. This feature allows your router to masquerade as that computer by “cloning” its MAC address.

To change the MAC address, select “Use this Computer’s MAC address.” The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using. You must be using the one computer that is allowed by the ISP. Or, select “Use this MAC address” and enter it.

e. Click Apply to save your settings.

5. If your Internet connection does require a login, fill in the settings according to the instructions

below . Sel ect Yes if you normally must launch a login program such as Enternet or WinPOET in order to access the Internet.

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Note: After you finish setting up your router, you will no longer need to launch the ISP’s login program on your computer in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in.

a. Select you Internet service provider from the drop-down list.

Figure 3-11: Basic Settings ISP list

Note: Not all ISPs are listed here. The ones on this list have special requirements.

b. The screen will change according to the ISP settings requirements of the ISP you select. c. Fill in the parameters for your Internet service provider. d. Click Apply to save your settings. Click the Test button to verify you have Internet access.

Using the Smart Setup Wizard

You can use the Smart Setup Wizard to assist with manual configuration or to verify the Internet connection. The Smart Setup Wizard is not the same as the Smart Wizard configuration assistant (as illustrated in Figure 3-5) that only appears when the router is in its factory default state. After you configure the router, the Smart Wizard configuration assistant will not appear again.

To use the Smart Setup Wizard to assist with manual configuration or to verify the Internet connection settings, follow this procedure.

1. Connect to the router by typing http://www.routerlogin.net in the address field of your

browser, then click Enter.

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For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter

2. admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case

letters. To change the password, see “Changing the Administrator Password” on page 6-8 Note: The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you

may use to log in to your Internet connection. Once you have entered your user name and password, your Web browser should find the

MR814 v3 router and display the home page as shown in “Login result: MR814 v3 home

page” on page 3-11.

3. Click Setup Wizard on the upper left of the main menu.

4. Click Next to proceed. Input your ISP settings, as needed.

5. At the end of the Setup W izard, click the Test button to verify your Internet connection. If you

have trouble connecting to the Internet, use the Troubleshooting Tips “Troubleshooting Tips”

on page 3-8 to correct basic problems, or refer to Chapter 8, “Troubleshooting.”

The topics below describe each of the various options the Smart Wizard can detect. Use this information to assist you with filling in the menus.

NETGEAR product registration, support, and documentation

Register your product at http://www.NETGEAR.com/register. Registration is required before you can use our telephone support service.

Product updates and web support are always available by going to:

http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/MR814v3.asp.

Documentation is available on the CD and at

http://kbserver.netgear.com/documentation/MR814v3.asp.

When the router is connected to the Internet, click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the router.

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Chapter 4

Wireless Configuration

This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your MR814 v3 router. In planning your wireless network, you should consider the level of security required. You should also select the physical placement of your firewall in order to maximize the network speed. For further information on wireless networking, refer to in Appendix D, “Wireless Networking

Basics.”

Observe Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines

The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly bas ed on the physical placement of the wireless firewall. The latency, data throughput performance, and notebook power consumption also vary depending on your configuration choices.

Note: Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance

degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the router. For complete range/ performance specifications, please see Appendix A, “Technical Specifications.”

For best results, place your firewall:

• Near the center of the area in which your PCs will operate.

• In an elevated location such as a high shelf where the wirelessly connected PCs have line-of-sight access (even if through walls).

• Away from sources of interference, such as PCs, microwaves, and 2.4 GHz cordless phones.

• Away from large metal surfaces.

The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings and placement. WEP connections can take slightly longer to establish. Also, WEP encryption can consume more battery power on a notebook PC.

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Implement Appropriate Wireless Security

Note: Indoors, computers can connect over 802.11 wireless networks at ranges

of up to 300 feet. Such distances can allow for others outside of your immediate area to

access your network.

Unlike wired network data, your wireless data transmissions can be received well beyond your walls by anyone with a compatible adapter. For this reason, use the security features of your wireless equipment. The MR814 v3 router provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter. Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs.

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Figure 4-1: MR814 v3 wireless data security options

There are several ways you can enhance the security of you wireless network.

• Restrict Access Based on MAC Address. Y ou can restrict access to only trusted computers o that unknown computers cannot wirelessly connect to the MR814 v3. MAC address filtering adds an obstacle against unwanted access to your network, but the data broadcast over the wireless link is fully exposed.

• WEP. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption provides data security. WEP Shared Key authentication and WEP data encryption will block all but the most determined eavesdropper.

• WPA-PSK. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) data encryption provides strong data security. WPA-PSK will block eavesdropping. Because this is a new standard, wireless device driver and software availability may be limited.

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• Turn Off the Wireless LAN. If you disable the wireless LAN, wireless devices cannot communicate with the router at all. You might choose to turn off the wireless the LAN when you are away and the others in the household all use wired connections.

• Turn Off the Broadcast of the Wireless Network Name SSID. If you disable broadcast of the SSID, only devices that have the correct SSID can connect. This nullifies the wireless network ‘discovery’ feature of some products such as Windows XP, but the data is still fully exposed to a determined snoop using specialized test equipment like wireless sniffers.

Understanding Wireless Settings

This section identifies the default factory settings and introduces each wireless option.

Default Factory Settings

When you first receive your MR814 v3, the default factory settings are shown below. You can restore these defaults with the Factory Default Restore button on the rear panel. After you install the MR814 v3 router, use the procedures below to customize any of the settings to better meet your networking needs.

FEATURE DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS

Wireless Access Point Enabled

Wireless Access List (MAC Filtering) All wireless stations allowed

SSID broadcast Enabled

SSID NETGEAR

1 1b RF Channel 11

Authentication Type Automatic

Wireless Security Options Disabled

Basic Wireless Settings

To configure the wireless settings of your router, click the Wireless link in the main menu of the browser interface. The Wireless Settings menu will appear, as shown below.

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Figure 4-2: Wireless Settings menu

• Name (SSID). The SSID is also known as the wireless network name. Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters. In a setting where there is more than one wireless network, different wireless network names provide a means for separating the traffic. Any device you want to participate in a particular wireless network will need to use this SSID for that network. The MR814 v3 default SSID is: NETGEAR.

• Region. This field identifies the region where the MR814 v3 can be used. It may not be legal to operate the wireless features of the router in a region other than one of those identified in this field.

• Channel. This field determines which operating frequency will be used. It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby access point. For more information on the wireless channel frequencies please refer to

“Wireless Channels” on page D-2.

• Security Options. These options are the wireless security features you can enable. The table below identifies the various basic wireless security options. A full explanation of these standards is available in Appendix D, “Wireless Networking Basics.

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Table 4-1. Security Options

Field Description

Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router

Disable WEP WEP offers the following options:

WPA-PSK WPA-Pre-shared Key performs authentication, uses 128-bit data encryption, and dynamically

No wireless security.

• Automatic Normally, this can be left to the default setting of automatic. When set to Automatic, the MR814 v3 will make a best effort attempt to use whatever options the wireless station is using. If this fails, you may need to configure this setting so that the MR814 v3 router and wireless stations match.

• Open System With Open Network Authentication and 64- or 128-bit WEP Data Encryption, the MR814 v3 does perform 64- or 128-bit data encryption but does not perform any authentication.

• Shared Key Shared Key authentication encrypts the SSID and data. Choose the Encryption Strength (64- or 128-bit data encryption). Manually enter the key values or enter a word or group of printable ch aracters in the Passphrase box. Manually entered keys are case sensitive but passphrase characters are not case sensitive. Note: Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support WEP passphrase key generation.

changes the encryption keys making it nearly impossible to circumvent.

• Passphrase Enter a word or group of between 8-63 printable characters in the Passphrase box. These characters are case sensitive.

• Key Lifetime This setting determines how often the encryption key is changed. Shorter periods provide greater security, but adversely affect performance. If desired, you can change the default value.

Note: Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support WPA. Furthermore, client software is required on the client. Windows XP and Windows 2000 with Service Pack 3 do include the client software that supports WPA. Nevertheless, the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA.

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Advanced Wireless Settings

To configure the advanced wireless settings of your firewall, click the Wireless Setup link in the Advanced section of the main menu of the browser interface. The Wireless Settings menu will appear, as shown below.

Figure 4-3: Advanced Wireless Settings menu

• Allow Broadcast of Name (SSID). If you disable broadcast of the SSID, only devices that

have the correct SSID can connect. Disabling SSID broadcast nullifies the wireless network ‘discovery’ feature of some products such as Windows XP.

• Enable Wireless Access Point. If you disable the wireless access point, wireless devices

cannot connect to the MR814 v3.

• Wireless Card Access List. When the Trusted PCs Only radio button is selected, the MR814

v3 checks the MAC address of the wireless station and only allows connections to computers identified on the trusted computers list.

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Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings

Before customizing your wireless settings, print this form and record the following information. If you are working with an existing wireless network, the person who set up or is responsible for the network will be able to provide this information. Otherwise, you will choose the settings for your wireless network. Either way, record the settings for your wireless network in the spaces below.

• Wireless Network Name (SSID): ______________________________

The SSID, identifies the wireless network. You can use up to 32 alphanumeric characters. The SSID is case sensitive. The SSID in the wireless adapter card must match the SSID of the router. In some configuration utilities (such as in Windows XP), the term “wireless network name” is used instead of SSID.

• If WEP Authentication is Used. Circle one: Open System, Shared Key, or Auto. Note: If you select Shared Key, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they

are set to Shared Key as well and are configured with the correct key. – WEP Encryption key size. Choose one: 64-bit or 128-bit. Again, the encryption key size

must be the same for the wireless adapters and the router.

– Data Encryption (WEP) Keys. There are two methods for creating WEP data encryption

keys. Whichever method you use, record the key values in the spaces below.

• Passphrase method. ___________________________ ___

These characters are case sensitive. Enter a word or group of printable characters and click the Generate Keys button. Not all wireless devices support the passphrase method.

• Manual method. These values are not case sensitive. For 64-bit WEP, enter 10 hex

digits (any combination of 0-9 or a-f). For 128-bit WEP, enter 26 hex digits.

Key 1: ___________________________________ Key 2: ___________________________________ Key 3: ___________________________________ Key 4: ___________________________________ Note: Key values and key identities (for example Key 1, Key 2, etc.) must match on all

wireless devices. However, not all wireless configuration utilities identify the keys in the same way . For ex ample, Windows XP Key 0 corresponds to Key 1 in most other products.

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• If WPA-PSK Authentication is Used. – Passphrase: ___________________________ ___

These characters are case sensitive. Enter a word or group of printable characters. When you use WPA-PSK, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to WP A-PSK as well and are configured with the correct Passphrase.

Use the procedures described in the following sections to configure the MR814 v3. Store this information in a safe place.

How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity

Note: If you use a wireless computer to configure WPA settings, you will be

disconnected when you click Apply. Reconfigure your wireless adapter to match the new settings or access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes.

Follow the instructions below to set up and test basic wireless connectivity. Once you have established basic wireless connectivity , you can enable security settings appropriate to your needs.

1. Log in to the MR814 v3 firewall at http://www.routerlogin.net with its default user name of

admin and default password of password, or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up.

2. Click Wireless Settings in the main menu of the MR814 v3 firewall.

Figure 4-4: Wireless Settings menu

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Choose a suitable descriptive name for the wireless network name (SSID). In the SSID box,

enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters. The default SSID is NETGEAR. Note: The SSID is case sensitive; NETGEAR is not the same as nETgear. Also, the SSID of

any wireless access adapters must match the SSID you configure in the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. If they do not match, you will not get a wireless connection to the MR814 v3.

4. Set the Region. Select the region in which the wireless interface will operate.

5. Set the Channel. The default channel is 11.

This field determines which operating frequency will be used. It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby wireless router or access point. Select a channel that is not being used by any other wireless networks within several hundred feet of your firewall and at least 5 channel positions from the others in use. For more information on the wireless channel frequencies please refer to

“Wireless Channels” on page D-2.

6. For initial configuration and test, leave the Wireless Card Access List set to “Everyone” and

the Encryption Strength set to “Disabled.”

7. Click Apply to save your changes.

Note: If you are configuring the firewall from a wireless computer and you change the

firewall’s SSID, channel, or security settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply. You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the firewall’s new settings.

8. Configure and test your computers for wireless connectivity.

Program the wireless adapter of your computers to have the same SSID and channel that you configured in the router. Check that they have a wireless link and are able to obtain an IP address by DHCP from the firewall.

Warning: The Network Name (SSID) is case sensitive. If NETGEAR is the Network Name (SSID) in your router, you must enter NETGEAR in your computer's wireless settings. Entering nETgear will not work.

Once your computers have basic wireless connectivity to the firewall, then you can configure the advanced wireless security functions of the firewall.

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How to Configure WEP

To configure WEP data encryption, follow these steps:

Note: If you use a wireless computer configure WEP settings, you will be disconnected

when you click on Apply . You must then either configure y our wireless adapter to match the router WEP settings or access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes.

1. Log in to the MR814 v3 firewall at http://www.routerlogin.net with its default user name of

admin and default password of password, or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up.

2. Click Wireless Settings in the main menu of the MR814 v3 firewall.

3. From the Security Options menu, select WEP. The WEP options display.

Figure 4-5. Wireless Settings encryption menu

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Select the Authentication Type and Encryptions strength from the drop-down lists.

5. You can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys. These values must

be identical on all computers and Access Points in your network.

• Automatic - Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button. The passphrase is case sensitive; NETGEAR is not the same as nETgear. The four key boxes will be automatically populated with key values.

• Manual - Enter ten hexadecimal digits (any combination of 0-9, a-f, or A-F). These entries are not case sensitive; AA is the same as aa. Select which of the four keys will be active.

Please refer to “Overview of WEP Parameters” on page D-6 for a full explanation of each of these options, as defined by the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication standard.

6. Click Apply to save your settings.

How to Configure WPA-PSK Wireless Security

Note: Not all wireless adapters support WPA. Furthermore, client software is also required. Windows XP service pack 1 and Windows 2000 with service pack 3 do include WPA support. Nevertheless, the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA. For instructions on configuring wireless computers or PDAs for WPA-PSK security, consult the documentation for the product you are using.

To configure WPA-PSK, follow these steps:

1. Click Wireless Settings the main menu and select WPA-PSK for the Security Option.

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Figure 4-6: WPA Settings menu

Enter a word or group of 8-63 printable characters in the Password Phrase box.

3. Click Apply to save your settings.

How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address

To restrict access based on MAC Addresses, follow these steps:

1. Log in to the MR814 v3 firewall at http://www.routerlogin.net with its default user name of

admin and default password of password, or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up.

Note: When configuring the firewall from a wireless computer whose MAC address is

not in the Trusted PC list, if you select Turn Access Control On, you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply. You must then access the router from a wired computer or from a wireless computer which is on the access control list to make any further changes.

2. Click Wireless Settings in the Advanced section of the main menu of the MR814 v3.

3. Click Setup Access List to display the Wireless Station Access List menu.

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Figure 4-7: Wireless Card Access List Setup

Click the Turn Access Control On check box.

5. Click Add to add a wireless device to the wireless access control list. The Wireless Card

Access Setup menu displays.

6. Then, either select from the list of available wireless cards the MR814 v3 has found in your

area, or enter the MAC address and device name for a device you plan to use. You can usually find the MAC address printed on the wireless adapter.

Note: You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the firewall’s Attached Devices menu into the MAC Address box of this menu. To do this, configure each wireless computer to obtain a wireless link to the firewall. The computer should then appear in the Attached Devices menu.

7. Click Add to add this wireless device to the Wireless Card Access List. The screen changes

back to the list screen. Repeat these steps for each additional device you wish to add to the list.

8. Be sure to click Apply to save your wireless access control list settings.

Now, only devices on this list will be allowed to wirelessly connect to the MR814 v3.

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Chapter 5

Content Filtering

This chapter describes how to use the content filtering features of the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router to protect your network. These features can be found by clicking on the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.

Content Filtering Overview

The MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router provides you with Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e-mail. Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, web addresses and web address keywords. You can also block Internet access by applications and services, such as chat or games.

To configure these features of your router, click on the subheadings under the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. The subheadings are described below:

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Blocking Access to Internet Sites

The MR814 v3 router allows you to restrict access based on web addresses and web address keywords. Up to 255 entries are supported in the Keyword list. The Block Sites menu is shown in

Figure 5-1 below:

Figure 5-1: Block Sites menu

To enable keyword blocking, select either “Per Schedule” or “Always”, then click Apply. If you want to block by schedule, be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu.

To add a keyword or domain, type it in the Keyword box, click Add Keyword, then click Apply. To delete a keyword or domain, select it from the list, click Delete Keyword, then click Apply. Keyword application examples:

• If the keyword “XXX” is specified, the URL <http://www.badstuff.com/xxx.html> is blocked.

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• If the keyword “.com” is specified, only Web sites with other domain suffixes (such as .edu or .gov) can be viewed.

• If you wish to block all Internet browsing access during a scheduled period , enter the keyword “.” and set the schedule in the Schedule menu.

To spec ify a Trusted User, enter that PC’s IP address in the Trusted User box and click Apply.

You may specify one Trusted User, which is a PC that will be exempt from blocking and logging. Since the Trusted User will be identified by an IP address, you should configure that PC with a fixed IP address.

Blocking Access to Internet Services

The MR814 v3 router allows you to block the use of certain Internet services by PCs on your network. This is called services blocking or port filtering. The Block Services menu is shown below:

Figure 5-2: Block Services menu

Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers. For example, Web servers serve web page s, time servers serve time and date information, and game hosts serve data about other players’ moves. When a computer on your network sends a request for service to a server computer on the Internet, the requested service is identified by a service or port number. This number appears as the destination port number in the transmitted IP packets. For example, a packet that is sent with destination port number 80 is an HTTP (Web server) request.

To enable service blocking, select either Per Schedule or Always, then click Apply. If you want to block by schedule, be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu.

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T o specify a service for blocking, click Add. The Add Services menu will appear, as shown below:

Figure 5-3: Add Services menu

From the Service Type list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays several common services, but you are not limited to these choices. To add any additional services or applications that do not already appear, select User Defined.

Configuring a User Defined Service

To define a service, first you must determine which port number or range of numbers is used by the application. The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and published in RFC1700, “Assigned Numbers.” Service numbers for other applications are typically chosen from the range 1024 to 65535 by the authors of the application. This information can usually be determined by contacting the publisher of the application or from user groups of newsgroups.

Enter the Starting Port and Ending Port numbers. If the applicatio n uses a single port number , enter that number in both boxes.

If you know that the application uses either TCP or UDP , select the appropriate protocol. If you are not sure, select Both.

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Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range

Under “Filter Services For”, you can block the specified service for a single PC, a range of PCs (having consecutive IP addresses), or all PCs on your network.

Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced

The MR814 v3 router allows you to specify when blocking will be enforced. The Schedule menu is shown below:

Figure 5-4: Schedule menu

• Use this schedule for blocking content. Check this box if you wish to enable a schedule for Content Filtering. Click Apply .

• Days to Block. Select days to block by checking the appropriate boxes. Select Everyday to check the boxes for all days. Click Apply.

• Time of Day to Block. Select a start and end time in 23:59 format. Select All day for 24 hour blocking. Click Apply.

Be sure to select your Time Zone in the E-Mail menu.

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Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access

The log is a detailed record of what W eb sites you have accessed or attempted to access. Up to 128 entries are stored in the log. Log entries will only appear when keyword blocking is enabled, an d no log entries will be made for the Trusted User. An example is shown below:

Figure 5-5: Logs menu

Log entries are described in Table 5-1

Table 5-1. Log entry descriptions

Field Description

Number The index number of the content filter log entries. 128 entries

are available numbered from 0 to 127. The log will keep the

record of the latest 128 entries. Date and Time The date and time the log entry was recorded. Source IP The IP address of the initiating device for this log entry. Action This field displays whether the access was blocked or allowed.

The name or IP address of the website or newsgroup visited or

attempted to access.

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Log action buttons are described in Table 5-2

Table 5-2. Log action buttons

Field Description

Refresh Click this button to refresh the log screen. Clear Log Click this button to clear the log entries. Send Log Click this button to email the log immediately.

Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications

In order to receive logs and alerts by E-mail, you must provide your E-mail information in the E-Mail menu, shown below:

Figure 5-6: Email menu

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• Turn e-mail notification on Check this box if you wish to receive e-mail logs and alerts from the router.

• Your outgoing mail server Enter the name of your ISP’s outgoing (SMTP) mail server (such as mail.myISP.com). You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e-mail program. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail.

• Send to this e-mail address Enter the e-mail address to which logs and alerts are sent. This e-mail address will also be used as the From address. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail.

You can specify that logs are automatically sent to the specified e-mail address with these options:

• Send alert immediately Check this box if you would like immediate notification of attempted access to a blocked site.

• Send logs according to this schedule Specifies how often to send the logs: Hourly, Daily, Weekly, or When Full.

– Day for sending log

Specifies which day of the week to send the log. Relevant when the log is sent weekly or daily.

– Time for sending log

Specifies the time of day to send the log. Relevant when the log is sent daily or weekly.

If the Weekly, Daily or Hourly option is selected and the log fills up before the specified period, the log is automatically e-mailed to the specified e-mail address. After the log is sent, the log is cleared from the router’s memory. If the router cannot e-mail the log file, the log buffer may fill up. In this case, the router overwrites the log and discards its contents.

The MR814 v3 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time and date from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet. In order to localize the time for your log entries, you must specify your Time Zone:

•Time Zone Select your local time zone. This setting will be used for the blocking schedule and for time-stamping log entries.

• Daylight Savings Time Check this box if your time zone is currently under daylight savings time.

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Chapter 6

Maintenance

This chapter describes how to use the maintenance features of your MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. These features can be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.

Viewing Router Status Information

The Router Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, click on Maintenance, then select System Status to view the System Status screen, shown below.

Figure 6-1: Router Status screen

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This screen shows the following parameters:

Table 6-1. Router Status Fields

Field Description

Account Name This field displays the Host Name assigned to the router. Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version. Internet Port These parameters apply to the Internet (WAN) port of the router.

MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the

Internet (WAN) port of the router.

IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Internet (WAN) port

of the router. If no address is shown, the router cannot connect to the Internet.

IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Internet (WAN)

port of the router.

DHCP If set to None, the router is configured to use a fixed IP address on the

WAN. If set to Client, the router is configured to obtain an IP address dynamically from the ISP.

LAN Port These parameters apply to the Local (WAN) port of the router.

MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the

LAN port of the router.

IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Local (LAN) port of

the router. The default is 192.168.0.1

IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Local (LAN)

port of the router. The default is 255.255.255.0

DHCP Identifies if the router’s built-in DHCP server is active for the LAN

attached devices.

Wireless Port These parameters apply to the Wireless port of the router.

MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the

Wireless port of the router.

Name (SSID) This field displays the wireless network name (SSID) being used by the

wireless port of the router. The default is Wireless.

Region This field displays the geographic region where the router being used. It

may be illegal to use the wireless features of the router in some parts of the world.

Channel Identifies if the channel the wireless port is using. See “Wireless

Channels” on page D-2 for the frequencies used on each channel.

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Click on the “Show Connection Status” button to display the connection status, as shown below.

Figure 6-2: Connection Status screen

This screen shows the following statistics:.

Table 6-2: Connection Status Items

Item Description

IP Address The WAN (Internet) IP Address assigned to the router. Subnet Mask The WAN (Internet) Subnet Mask assigned to the router. Default Gateway The WAN (Internet) default gateway the router communicates with. DHCP Server The IP address of the DHCP server which provided the IP configuration ad dresses. DNS Server The IP address of the DNS server which provides network name to IP address

translation. Lease Obtained When the DHCP lease was obtained. Lease Expires When the DHCP lease was expires.

Release Click the Release button to release the DHCP lease. Renew Click the Renew button to renew the DHCP lease.

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Click on the “Show Statistics” button to display router usage statistics, as shown below.

Figure 6-3: Router Statistics screen

This screen shows the following statistics:

Table 6-3: Router Statistics Items

Item Description

Port The statistics for the WAN (Internet) and LAN (local) ports. For each port, the screen

displays:

Status The link status of the port. TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear. RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear. Collisions The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear. Tx B/s The current transmission (outbound) bandwidth used on the WAN and LAN ports. Rx B/s The current reception (inbound) bandwidth used on the WAN and LAN ports. Up Time The amount of time since the router was last restarted. Up Time The time elapsed since this port acquired the link.

Poll Interval Specifies the intervals at which the statistics are updated in this window. Click on Stop

to freeze the display.

Set Interval Enter a time and click the button to set the polling frequency.

Stop Click the Stop button to freeze the polling information.

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Viewing a List of Attached Devices

The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the router has discovered on the local network. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Attached Devices to view the table, shown below.

Figure 6-4: Attached Devices menu

For each device, the table shows the IP address, NetBIOS Host Name (if available), and Ethernet MAC address. Note that if the router is rebooted, the table data is lost until the router rediscovers the devices. To force the router to look for attached devices, click the Refresh button.

Configuration File Management

The configuration settings of the MR814 v3 router are stored within the router in a configuration file. This file can be saved (backed up) to a user’s PC, retrieved (restored) from the user’s PC, or cleared to factory default settings.

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From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the Settings Backup heading to bring up the menu shown below.

Figure 6-5: Settings Backup menu

Three options are available, and are described in the following sections.

Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration

The Restore and Backup options in the Settings Backup menu allow you to save and retrieve a file containing your router’s configuration settings.

To save your settings, select the Backup tab. Click the Backup button. Your browser will extract the configuration file from the router and will prompt you for a location on your PC to store the file. You can give the file a meaningful name at this time, such as pacbell.cfg.

T o restore your settings from a saved configuration file, enter the full path to the fil e on your PC or click the Browse button to browse to the file. When you have located it, click the Restore button to send the file to the router. The router will then reboot automatically.

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Erasing the Configuration

It is sometimes desirable to restore the router to a known blank condition. This can be done by using the Erase function, which will restore all factory settings. After an erase, the router's password will be password, the LAN IP address will be 192.168.0.1, and the router's DHCP client will be enabled.

To era se the configuration, click the Erase button. To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or IP

address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router. See “Restoring the

Default Configuration and Password” on page 8-7.

Upgrading the Router Software

Note: Before upgrading the router software, use the router backup utility to save your configuration settings. Any router upgrade will revert the router settings back to the factory defaults. After completing the upgrade, you can restore your settings from the backup.

The routing software of the MR814 v3 router is stored in FLASH memory, and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR. Upgrade files can be downloaded from Netgear's Web site. If the upgrade file is compressed (.ZIP file), you must first extract the binary (.BIN) file before sending it to the router. The upgrade file can be sent to the router using your browser.

Note: The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the MR814 v3 router must support HTTP uploads. NETGEAR recommends using Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator

3.0 or above.

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From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the Router Upgrade heading to display the menu shown below.

Figure 6-6: Router Upgrade menu

To upload new firmware:

1. Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR.

2. In the Router Upgrade menu, click the Browse button and browse to the location of the binary

(.BIN) upgrade file

3. Click Upload.

Note: When uploading software to the MR814 v3 router, it is important not to interrupt the Web browser b y clo sing the window, clicking a link, or loading a new page. If the browser is interrupted, it may corrupt the software. When the upload is complete, your router will automatically restart. The upgrade process will typically take about one minute.

In some cases, you may need to reconfigure the router after upgrading.

Changing the Administrator Password

Note: Before changing the router password, use the router backup utility to save your configuration settings. If after changing the password, you forget the new password you assigned, you will have to reset the router back to the factory defaults to be able to log in using the default password of password. This means you will have to restore all the router configuration settings. If you ever have to reset the router back to the factory defaults, you can restore your settings from the backup.

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The default password for the router’s Web Configuration Manager is password. Netgear recommends that you change this password to a more secure password.

From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Set Password to bring up the menu shown below.

Figure 6-7: Set Password menu

T o change the password, first enter the old password, and then enter the new password twice. Click Apply.

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Chapter 7

Advanced Configuration of the Router

This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface.

Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers

Although the router causes your entire local network to appear as a single machine to the Internet, you can make a local server (for example, a web server or game server) visible and available to the Internet. This is done using the Port Forwarding menu. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on Port Forwarding to view the port forwarding menu, shown below.

Figure 7-1: Port Forwarding Menu

Note: If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing, refer to Appendix B,

“Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics,” to become more familiar with the terms and

procedures used in this manual.

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Use the Port Forwarding menu to configure the router to forward incoming protocols to computers on your local network. In addition to servers for specific applications, you can also specify a Default DMZ Server to which all other incoming protocols are forwarded. The DMZ Server is configured in the Security Menu.

Before starting, you'll need to determine which type of service, application or game you'll provide and the IP address of the computer that will provide each service. Be sure the computer’s IP address never changes. To configure port forwarding to a local server:

Note: To assure that the same computer always has the same IP address, use the reserved IP address feature of your MR814 v3 router. See “Using Address Reservation“ on page

7-8 for instructions on how to use reserved IP addresses.

1. From the Service & Game box, select the service or game that you will host on your network.

If the service does not appear in the list, refer to the following section, “Adding a Custom

Service”.

2. Enter the IP address of the local server in the corresponding Server IP Address box.

3. Click the Add button.

Adding a Custom Service

To define a service, game or application that does not appear in the Services & Games list, you must determine what port numbers are used by the service. For this information, you may need to contact the manufacturer of the program that you wish to use. When you have the port number information, follow these steps:

1. Click the Add Custom Service button.

2. Enter the first port number in an unused Start Port box.

3. To forward only one port, enter it again in the End Port box. To specify a range of ports, enter

the last port to be forwarded in the End Port box.

4. Enter the IP address of the local server in the corresponding Server IP Address box.

5. Type a name for the service.

6. Click Apply at the bottom of the menu.

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Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry

To edit or delete a Port Forw arding entry, follow these steps.

1. In the table, select the button next to the service name.

2. Click Edit or Delete.

Local Web and FTP Server Example

If a local PC with a private IP address of 192.168.0.33 acts as a Web and FTP server, configure the Ports menu to forward HTTP (port 80) and FTP (port 21) to local address 192.168.0.33

In order for a remote user to access this server from the Internet, the remote user must know the IP address that has been assigned by your ISP. If this address is 172.16.1.23, for example, an Internet user can access your Web server by directing the browser to http://172.16.1.23. The assigned IP address can be found in the Maintenance Status Menu, where it is shown as the WAN IP Address.

Some considerations for this application are:

• If your account’s IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP, the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires.

• If the IP address of the local PC is assigned by DHCP, it may change when the PC is rebooted. To avoid this, you can manually configure the PC to use a fixed address.

• Local PCs must access the local server using the PCs’ local LAN address (192.168.0.33 in this example). Attempts by local PCs to access the server using the external IP address (172.16.1.23 in this example) will fail.

Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III Example

To set up an additional computer to play Half Life, KALI or Quake III:

1. Click the button of an unused port in the table.

2. Select the game again from the Services/Games list.

3. Change the beginning port number in the Start Port box.

For these games, use the supplied number in the default listing and add +1 for each additional computer. For example, if you've already configured one computer to play Hexen II (using port 26900), the second computer's port number would be 26901, and the third computer would be 26902.

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Type the same port number in the End Port box that you typed in the Start Port box.

5. Type the IP address of the additional computer in the Server IP Address box.

6. Click Apply.

Some online games and videoconferencing applications are incompatible with NAT. The MR814 v3 router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well. In some cases, one local PC can run the application properly if that PC’s IP address is entered as the default in the PORTS Menu. If one local PC acts as a game or videoconferencing host, enter its IP address as the default.

Configuring the WAN Setup Options

The WAN Setup options let you configure a DMZ server, change the MTU size and enable the router to respond to a Ping on the WAN port. These options are discussed below.

Setting Up a Default DMZ Server

The default DMZ server feature is helpful when using some online games and videoconferencin g applications that are incompatible with NAT. The router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well. In some cases, one local PC can run the application properly if that PC’s IP address is entered as the default DMZ server.

Note: DMZ servers pose a security risk. A computer designated as the default DMZ server loses much of the protection of the firewall, and is exposed to exploits from the Internet. If compromised, the DMZ server can be used to attack your network.

Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the router unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Ports menu. Instead of discarding this traffic, you can have it forwarded to one computer on your network. This computer is called the Default DMZ Server.

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The WAN Setup menu, shown below lets you configure a Default DMZ Server.

Figure 7-2: WAN Setup menu.

To as sign a computer or server to be a Default DMZ server, follow these steps:

1. Click WAN Setup link on the Advanced section of the main menu.

2. Type the IP address for that server. To remove the default DMZ server, replace the IP address

numbers with all zeros.

3. Click Apply.

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port

If you want the router to respond to a 'ping' from the Internet, click the ‘Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port’ check box. This should only be used as a diagnostic tool, since it allows your router to be discovered. Don't check this box unless you have a specific reason to do so.

Setting the MTU Size

The default MTU size is usually fine. The normal MTU (Maximum Transmit Unit) value for most Ethernet networks is 1500 Bytes. For some ISPs, particularly some using PPPoE, you may need to reduce the MTU. This should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary by your ISP.

Any packets sent through the router that are larger than the configured MTU size will be repackaged into smaller packets to meet the MTU requirement. To change the MTU size:

1. Under MTU Size, enter a new size between 64 and 1500.

2. Click Apply to save the new configuration.

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Using the LAN IP Setup Options

The second feature category under the Advanced heading is LAN IP Setup. This menu allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on LAN IP Setup to view the LAN IP Setup menu, shown below.

Figure 7-3: LAN IP Setup Menu

Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters

The router is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side, and to act.as a DHCP server. The router’s default LAN IP configuration is:

• LAN IP addresses—192.168.0.1

• Subnet mask—255.255.255.0

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These addresses are part of the IETF-designated private address range for use in private networks, and should be suitable in most applications. If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme, you can make those changes in this menu.

The LAN IP parameters are:

• IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router.

• IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Subnet Mask of the router. Combined with the IP address, the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it, and which must be reached through a gateway or router.

• RIP Direction RIP (Router Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction selection controls how the router sends and receives RIP packets. Both is the default.

— When set to Both or Out Only, the router will broadcast its routing table periodically. — When set to Both or In Only, it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives. — When set to None, it will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets

received.

• RIP Version This controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the router sends. (It recognizes both formats when receiving.) By default, this is set for RIP-1.

— RIP-1 is universally supported. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you

have an unusual network setup.

— RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting.

Note: If you change the LAN IP address of the router while connected through the browser, you will be disconnected. You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again.

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Using the Router as a DHCP server

By default, the router will function as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server, allowing it to assign IP, DNS server, and default gateway addresses to all computers connected to the router's LAN. The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router. IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses specified in this menu. Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN.

For most applications, the default DHCP and TCP/IP settings of the router are satisfactory. See “IP

Configuration by DHCP” on page B-10 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to

assign IP addresses for your network. If another device on your network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure the

network settings of all of your computers, clear the ‘Use router as DHCP server’ check box. Otherwise, leave it checked.

Specify the pool of IP addresses to be assigned by setting the Starting IP Address and Ending IP Address. These addresses should be part of the same IP address subnet as the router’s LAN IP address. Using the default addressing scheme, you should define a range between 192.168.0.2 and

192.168.0.253, although you may wish to save part of the range for device s with fixed addresses.

The router will deliver the following parameters to any LAN device that requests DHCP:

• An IP Address from the range you have defined

• Subnet Mask

• Gateway IP Address (the router’s LAN IP address)

• Primary DNS Server (if you entered a Primary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu; otherwise, the router’s LAN IP address)

• Secondary DNS Server (if you entered a Secondary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu

Using Address Reservation

When you specify a reserved IP address for a PC on the LAN, that PC will always receive the same IP address each time it access the router’s DHCP server. Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers that require permanent IP settings.

To res erve an IP address:

1. Click the Add button.

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In the IP Address box, type the IP address to assign to the PC or server.

(choose an IP address from the router’s LAN subnet, such as 192.168.0.X)

3. Type the MAC Address of the PC or server.

(Tip: If the PC is already present on your network, you can copy its MAC address from the Attached Devices menu and paste it here.)

4. Click Apply to enter the reserved address into the table.

Note: The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the PC contacts the router's DHCP server. Reboot the PC or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew.

To edit or delete a res erved address entry:

1. Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete.

2. Click Edit or Delete.

Using a Dynamic DNS Service

If your network has a permanently assigned IP address, you can register a domain name and have that name linked with your IP address by public Domain Name Servers (DNS). However, if your Internet account uses a dynamically assigned IP address, you will not know in advance what your IP address will be, and the address can change frequently. In this case, you can use a commercial dynamic DNS service, who will allow you to register your domain to their IP address, and will forward traffic directed at your domain to your frequently-changing IP address.

Note: If your ISP assigns a private WAN IP address (such as 192.168.x.x or 10.x.x.x),

the dynamic DNS service will not work because private addresses will not be routed on the Internet.

The router contains a client that can connect to many popular dynamic DNS services. You can select one of these services and obtain an account with them. Then, whenever your ISP-assigned IP address changes, your router will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider, log in to your account, and register your new IP address.

From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on Dynamic DNS. To configure Dynamic DNS:

1. Register for an account with one of the dynamic DNS service providers whose names appear

in the ‘Select Service Provider’ box. For example, for dyndns.org, go to www.dyndns.org.

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Select the Use a dynamic DNS service check box.

3. Select the name of your dynamic DNS Service Provider.

4. Type the Host Name (or domain name) that your dynamic DNS service pro vid er gave you.

5. Type the User Name for your dynamic DNS account.

6. Type the Password (or key) for your dynamic DNS account.

7. If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL, you may

select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature. For example, the wildcard feature will cause *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org

8. Click Apply to save your configuration.

Configuring Static Routes

Static Routes provide additional routing information to your router. Under normal circumstances, the router has adequate routing information after it has been configured for Internet access, and you do not need to configure additional static routes. You must configure static routes only for unusual cases such as multiple routers or multiple IP subnets located on your network.

From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on Static Routes to view the Static Route menu, shown below.

Figure 7-4. Static Route Summary Table

To add or edit a Static Route:

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Click the Add button to open the Add/Edit Menu, shown below.

Figure 7-5. S tatic Route Entry and Edit Menu

Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table. (This is for identification purpose only.)

3. Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only. The static route will not be reported

in RIP.

4. Select Active to make this route effective.

5. Type the Destination IP Address of the final destination.

6. Type the IP Subnet Mask for this destination.

If the destination is a single host, type 255.255.255.255.

7. Type the Gateway IP Address, which must be a router on the same LAN segment as the router.

8. Type a number between 1 and 15 as the Metric value.

This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination. Usually, a setting of 2 or 3 works, but if this is a direct connection, set it to 1.

9. Click Apply to have the static route entered into the table.

As an example of when a static route is needed, consider the following case:

• Your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP.

• You have an ISDN router on your home network for connecting to the company where

you are employed. This router’s address on your LAN is 192.168.0.100.

• Your company’s network is 134.177.0.0.

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When you first configured your router, two implicit static routes were created. A default route was created with your ISP as the gateway, and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192.168.0.x addresses. With this configuration, if you attempt to access a device on the

134.177.0.0 network, your router will forward your request to the ISP. The ISP forwards your

request to the company where you are employed, and the request will likely be denied by the company’s firewall.

In this case you must define a static route, telling your router that 134.177.0.0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192.168.0.100. The static route would look like Figure 7-5.

In this example:

• The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134.177.x.x addresses.

• The Gateway IP Address fields specifies that all traffic for these addresses should be forwarded to the ISDN router at 192.168.0.100.

• A Metric value of 1 will work since the ISDN router is on the LAN.

• Private is selected only as a precautionary security measure in case RIP is activated.

Enabling Remote Management Access

Using the Remote Management page, you can allow a user or users on the Internet to configure, upgrade and check the status of your MR814 v3 router.

Note: Be sure to change the router's default configuration password to a very secure password. The ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language, and should be a mixture of letters (both upper and lower case), numbers, and symbols. Your password can be up to 30 characters.

To configure your router for Remote Management:

1. Select the Turn Remote Management On check box.

2. Specify what external addresses will be allowed to access the router’s remote management.

Note: For enhanced security, restrict access to as few external IP addresses as practical.

a. To allow access from any IP address on the Internet, select Everyone.

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To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet, select IP address range.

Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range.

c. To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet, select Only this PC.

Enter the IP address that will be allowed access.

3. Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface.

Web browser access norma lly uses the standard HTTP service port 80. For greater security, change the remote management web interface to a custom port by entering that number in the box provided. Choose a number between 1024 and 65535, but do not use the number of any common service port. The default is 8080, which is a common alternate for HTTP.

4. Click Apply to have your changes take effect.

Note: When accessing your router from the Internet, you will type your router's WAN IP address into your browser's Address (in IE) or Location (in Netscape) bo x, follo wed by a colo n (:) an d the custom port number. For example, if your external address is 134.177.0.123 and you use port number 8080, you must enter http://134.177.0.123:8080 in your browser.

Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) helps devices, such as Internet appliances and computers, access the network and connect to other devices as needed. UPnP devices can automatically discover the services from other registered UPnP devices on the network.

Figure 7-6. UPnP Menu

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From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on UPnP. Set up UPnP according to the guidelines below.

Turn UPnP On: UPnP can be enabled or disabled for automatic device configuration. The default setting for UPnP is disabled. If disabled, the router will not allow any device to automatically control the resources, such as port forwarding (mapping), of the router.

Note: If you use applications such as multi-player gaming, peer-to-peer connections, real time communications such as instant messaging, or remote assistance (a feature in Windows XP), you should enable UPnP.

Advertisement Period: The Advertisement Period is how often the router will broadcast its UPnP information. This value can range from 1 to 1440 minutes. The default period is 30 minutes. Shorter durations will ensure that control points have current device status at the expense of additional network traffic. Longer durations may compromise the freshness of the device status but can significantly reduce network traffic.

Advertisement Time To Live: The time to live for the advertisement is measured in hops (steps) for each UPnP packet sent. The time to live hop count is the number of steps a broadcast packet is allowed to propagate for each UPnP advertisement before it disappears. The number of hops can range from 1 to 255. The default value for the advertisement time to live is 4 hops, which should be fine for most home networks. If you notice that some devices are not being updated or reached correctly, then it may be necessary to increase this value a little.

UPnP Portmap T able: The UPnP Portmap Table displays the IP address of each UPnP device that is currently accessing the router and which ports (Internal and External) that device has opened. The UPnP Portmap T able also displays what type of port is opened and if that port is still active for each IP address.

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Chapter 8

Troubleshooting

This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. After each problem description, instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem.

Basic Functioning

After you turn on power to the router, the following sequence of events should occur:

1. When power is first applied, verify that the Power light is on.

2. After approximately 10 seconds, verify that: a. The power light is solid green. b. The LAN port lights are lit for any local ports that are connected. c. The Internet port light is lit.

If a port’s light is lit, a link has been established to the connected device. If a LAN port is connected to a 100 Mbps device, verify that the port’ s light is green. If the port is 10 Mbps, the light will be amber.

If any of these conditions does not occur, refer to the appropriate following section.

Power Light Not On

If the Power and other lights are off when your router is turned on:

• Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your router and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet.

• Check that you are using the 12 V DC 1A power adapter supplied by NETGEAR for this product.

If the error persists, you have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.

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Lights Never Turn Off

When the router is turned on, the lights turns on for about 10 seconds and then turn off. If all the lights stay on, there is a fault within the router.

If all lights are still on one minute after power up:

• Cycle the power to see if the router recovers.

• Clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to

192.168.0.1. This procedure is explained in “Restoring the Default Configuration and

Password” on page 8-7.

If the error persists, you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.

LAN or WAN Port Lights Not On

If either the LAN lights or Internet light do not light when the Ethernet connection is made, check the following:

• Make sure that the Ethernet cable connections are secure at the router and at the hub or workstation.

• Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation.

• Be sure you are using the correct cable: — When connecting the router’s Internet port to a cable or DSL modem, use the cable that

was supplied with the cable or DSL modem. This cable could be a standard straight-through Ethernet cable or an Ethernet crossover cable.

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Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface

If you are unable to access the router’ s web Configuration interface from a computer on your local network, check the following:

• Check the Ethernet connection between the computer and the router as described in the previous section.

• Make sure your computer’s IP address is on the same subnet as the router. If you are using the recommended addressing scheme, your computer’s address should be in the range of

192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254. Refer to “Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page C-8 or

“Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers” on page C-19 to find your

computer’s IP address. Follow the instructions in Appendix C to configure your computer.

Note: If your computer’s IP address is shown as 169.254.x.x: Recent versions of Windows

and MacOS will generate and assign an IP address if the computer cannot reach a DHCP server. These auto-generated addresses are in the range of 169.254.x.x. If your IP address is in this range, check the connection from the computer to the router and reboot your computer.

• If your router’s IP address has been changed and you don’t know the current IP address, clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to

192.168.0.1. This procedure is explained in “Restoring the Default Configuration and

Password” on page 8-7.

• Make sure your browser has Java, JavaScript, or ActiveX enabled. If you are using Internet Explorer, click Refresh to be sure the Java applet is loaded.

• Try quitting the browser and launching it again.

• Make sure you are using the correct login information. The factory default login name is admin and the password is password. Make sure that CAPS LOCK is off when entering this information.

If the router does not save changes you have made in the web Configuration Interface, check the following:

• When entering configuration settings, be sure to click the APPLY button before moving to another menu or tab, or your changes are lost.

• Click the Refresh or Reload button in the web browser. The changes may have occurred, but the web browser may be caching the old configuration.

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Troubleshooting the ISP Connection

If your router is unable to access the Internet, you should first determine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP. Unless you have been assigned a static IP address, your router must request an IP address from the ISP. You can determine whether the request was successful using the web Configuration Manager.

To check the WAN IP address:

1. Launch your browser and select an external site such as www.netgear.com

2. Access the Main Menu of the router’s configuration at http://www.routerlogin.net.

3. Under the Maintenance heading, select Router Status

4. Check that an IP address is shown for the WAN Port

If 0.0.0.0 is shown, your router has not obtained an IP address from your ISP.

If your router is unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP, you may need to force your cable or DSL modem to recognize your new router by performing the following procedure:

1. Turn off power to the cable or DSL modem.

2. Turn off power to your router.

3. Wait five minutes and reapply power to the cable or DSL modem.

4. When the modem’s lights indicate that it has reacquired sync with the ISP, reapply power to

your router.

5. Then restart your computer.

If your router is still unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP, the problem may be one of the following:

• Your ISP may require a login program. Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) or some other type of login.

• If your ISP requires a login, you may have incorrectly set the login name and password.

• Your ISP may check for your computer's host name. Assign the computer Host Name of your ISP account as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu.

• Your ISP only allows one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet, and may check for your computer’s MAC address. In this case:

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Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device, and ask them to use the router’s MAC address.

OR Configure your router to spoof your computer’s MAC address. This can be done in the Basic

Settings menu. Refer to “How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant” on page 3-12.

If your router can obtain an IP address, but your computer is unable to load any web pages from the Internet:

• Your computer may not recognize any DNS server addresses. A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names (such as www addresses)

to numeric IP addresses. Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of one or two DNS servers for your use. If you entered a DNS address during the router’s configuration, reboot your computer and verify the DNS address as described in “Install or Verify Windows

Networking Components” on page C-9. Alternatively, you may configure your computer

manually with DNS addresses, as explained in your operating system documentation.

• Your computer may not have the router configured as its TCP/IP gateway. If your computer obtains its information from the router by DHCP, reboot the computer and

verify the gateway address as described in “Install or Verify Windows Networking

Components” on page C-9.

Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility

Most TCP/IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device. The device then responds with an echo reply. Troubleshooting a TCP/IP network is made very easy by using the ping utility in your computer or workstation.

Testing the LAN Path to Your Router

You can ping the router from your computer to verify that the LAN path to your router is set up correctly.

To ping the router from a PC running Windows 95 or later:

1. From the Windows toolbar, click on the Start button and select Run.

2. In the field provided, type Ping followed by the IP address of the router, as in this example:

ping 192.168.0.1

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Click on OK.

You should see a message like this one:

Pinging <IP address> with 32 bytes of data

If the path is working, you see this message:

Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx

If the path is not working, you see this message:

Request timed out

If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems:

• Wrong physical connections

— Make sure the LAN port LED is on. If the LED is off, follow the instructions in “LAN

or WAN Port Lights Not On” on page 8-2.

— Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and

for the hub ports (if any) that are connected to your workstation and router.

• Wrong network configuration

— Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP/IP software are both installed

and configured on your computer or workstation.

— Verify that the IP address for your router and your workstation are correct and that the

addresses are on the same subnet.

Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device

After verifying that the LAN path works correctly, test the path from your computer to a remote device. From the Windows run menu, type:

PING -n 10 <IP address>

where <IP address> is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP’s DNS server. If the path is functioning correctly, replies as in the previous section are displayed. If you do not

receive replies:

— Check that your computer has the IP address of your router listed as the default gateway. If

the IP configuration of your computer is assigned by DHCP, this information will not be visible in your computer’s Network Control Panel. Verify that the IP address of the router is listed as the default gateway as described in “Install or Verify Windows Networking

Components” on page C-9.

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— Check to see that the network address of your computer (the portion of the IP address

specified by the netmask) is different from the network address of the remote device. — Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning. — If your ISP assigned a host name to your computer, enter that host name as the Account

Name in the Basic Settings menu. — Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your computers.

Many broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of

your broadband modem, but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of

a single computer connected to that modem. If this is the case, you must configure your

router to “clone” or “spoof” the MAC address from the authorized computer. Refer to

“How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant” on page 3-12.

Restoring the Default Configuration and Password

This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings, changing the router’s administration password to password and the IP address to 192.168.0.1. You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways:

• Use the Erase function of the router (see “Erasing the Configuration” on page 6-7).

• Use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router. Use this method for cases when the administration password or IP address is not known.

To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the administration password or IP address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router.

1. Press and hold the Default Reset button until the power light blinks on (about 10 seconds).

2. Release the Default Reset button and wait for the router to reboot.

If the router fails to restart or the power light continues to blink or turns solid amber, the unit may be defective. If the error persists, you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support.

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Problems with Date and Time

The E-Mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day. The MR814 v3 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet. Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and time of day. Problems with the date and time function can include:

• Date shown is January 1, 2000. Cause: The router has not yet successfully reached a Network Time Server. Check that your Internet access settings are configured correctly. If you have just completed configuring the router , wait at least five minutes and check the date and time again.

• Time is off by one hour. Cause: The router does not automatically sense Daylight Savings Time. In the E-Mail menu, check or uncheck the box marked “Adjust for Daylight Savings Time”.

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Appendix A

Technical Specifications

This appendix provides technical specifications for the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router.

Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility

Data and Routing Protocols: TCP/IP, RIP-1, RIP-2, DHCP

PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)

Power Adapter

North America: 120V, 60 Hz, input United Kingdom, Australia: 240V, 50 Hz, input Europe: 230V, 50 Hz, input Japan: 100V, 50/60 Hz, input All regions (output): 12 V DC @ 1 A output, 20W maximum

Physical Specifications

Dimensions: 28 x 175 x 118 mm (1.1 x 6.89 x 4.65 in.) Weight: 0.3 kg (0.66 lb)

Environmental Specifications

Operating temperature: 0° to 40° C (32º to 104º F) Operating humidity: 90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing

Electromagnetic Emissions

Meets requirements of: FCC Part 15 Class B

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VCCI Class B EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class B

Interface Specifications

LAN: 10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45 WAN: 10BASE-T, RJ-45

Wireless

Radio Data Rate 1, 2, 5.5, 11Mbps Auto Rate Sensing Frequency 2.4-2.5Ghz Data Encoding: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

802.11b Operating Range Outdoor environment

Indoor environment @ 11 Mbps 398 ft (120 m) 198 ft (60 m) @ 5.5 Mbps 561 ft (170 m) 264 ft (80 m) @ 2 Mbps 890 ft (270 m) 430 ft (130 m) @ 1 Mbps 1485 ft (450 m) 660 ft (200 m)

Maximum Computers Per Wireless Network:

802.11b Operating Frequency Ranges

Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated by each node. Typically 30-70 nodes.

2.412~2.462 GHz (US) 2.457~2.462 GHz (Spain)

2.412~2.484 GHz (Japan) 2.457~2.472 GHz (France)

2.412~2.472 GHz (Europe ETSI)

802.11b Encryption 40-bits (also called 64-bits), 128-bits WEP data encryption

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Appendix B

Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics

This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and networking.

Related Publications

As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering T ask Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet. The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet. The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www.ietf.org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide.

Basic Router Concepts

Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network (LAN). However, providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive. Because of this expense, Internet access is usually provided by a slower-speed wide-area network (WAN) link such as a cable or DSL modem. In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link, a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet. The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router.

What is a Router?

A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. In these routing tables, a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic.

Routers vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of physical WAN connection they support. The MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single-user broadband connection.

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Routing Information Protocol

One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table.

The MR814 v3 router supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols. RIP is not required for most home applications.

IP Addresses and the Internet

Because TCP/IP networks are interconnected across the world, every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination. Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the IANA or from an Internet service provider (ISP). You can contact IANA at www.iana.org.

The Internet Protocol (IP) uses a 32-bit address structure. The address is usually written in dot notation (also called dotted-decimal notation), in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form, separated by decimal points.

For example, the following binary address:

11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111

is normally written as:

195.34.12.7

The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer. In addition, the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts. The first part of the address

identifies the network, and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network. The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application.

There are five standard classes of IP addresses. These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address, allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network. Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern, which is used by the TCP/IP software to identify the address class. After the address class has been determined, the software can correctly identify the host section of the address. The follow figure shows the three main address classes, including network and host sections of the address for each address type.

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lass A

etwork Node

lass B

Network Node

lass C

Network Node

Figure B-1: Three Main Address Classes

The five address classes are:

• Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range:

1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x.

• Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network. A Class B address uses a 16-bit network number and a 16-bit node number. Class B addresses are in this range:

128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x.

• Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network. Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node. They are in this range:

192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x.

• Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messages sent to many hosts). Class D addresses are in this range:

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

• Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use.

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This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network.

For each unique value of the network portion of the address, the base address of the range (host address of all zeros) is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host. Also, the top address of the range (host address of all ones) is not assigned, but is used as the broadcast address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address.

Netmask

In each of the address classes previously described, the size of the two parts (network address and host address) is implied by the class. This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address. A netmask is a 32-bit quantity that, when logically combined (using an AND operator) with an IP address, yields the network address. For instance, the netmasks for Class A, B, and C addresses are 255.0.0.0, 255.255.0.0, and 255.255.255.0, respectively.

For example, the address 192.168.170.237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits. When combined (using an AND operator) with the Class C netmask, as shown here, only the network portion of the address remains:

11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 (192.168.170.237)

combined with:

11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 (255.255.255.0)

Equals:

11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 (192.168.170.0)

As a shorter alternative to dotted-decimal notation, the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left. This number is appended to the IP address, following a backward slash (/), as “/n.” In the example, the address could be written as 192.168.170.237/24, indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros.

Subnet Addressing

By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number . It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices. You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing.

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NETGEAR MR814 v3 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable/DSL Wireless Router

Contents

Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats

How to Use This Manual

How to Print this Manual

Key Features of the Router

802.11b Standards-based Wireless Networking

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering

Security

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink™

Extensive Protocol Support

Easy Installation and Management

Maintenance and Support

Package Contents

The Router’s Front Panel

The Router’s Rear Panel

A Road Map for ‘How to Get There From Here’

Prepare to Install Your Router

First, Connect the Router to the Internet

Now, Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity

Troubleshooting Tips

Overview of How to Access the Router

How to Log On to the Router After Configuration Settings Have Been Applied

How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant

How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection

Using the Smart Setup Wizard

NETGEAR product registration, support, and documentation

Observe Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines

Implement Appropriate Wireless Security

Understanding Wireless Settings

Default Factory Settings

Basic Wireless Settings

Advanced Wireless Settings

Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings

How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity

How to Configure WEP

How to Configure WPA-PSK Wireless Security

How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address

Content Filtering Overview

Blocking Access to Internet Sites

Blocking Access to Internet Services

Configuring a User Defined Service

Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range

Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced

Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access

Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications

Viewing Router Status Information

Viewing a List of Attached Devices

Configuration File Management

Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration

Erasing the Configuration

Upgrading the Router Software

Changing the Administrator Password

Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers

Adding a Custom Service

Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry

Local Web and FTP Server Example

Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III Example

Configuring the WAN Setup Options

Setting Up a Default DMZ Server

Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port

Setting the MTU Size

Using the LAN IP Setup Options

Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters

Using the Router as a DHCP server

Using Address Reservation

Using a Dynamic DNS Service

Configuring Static Routes

Enabling Remote Management Access

Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

Basic Functioning

Power Light Not On

Lights Never Turn Off

LAN or WAN Port Lights Not On

Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface

Troubleshooting the ISP Connection