Document No. U17715EJ2V0UD00 (2nd edition)
Date Published January 2007 N CP(K)
Printed in Japan
2005
[MEMO]
2
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
NOTES FOR CMOS DEVICES
1
VOLTAGE APPLICATION WAVEFORM AT INPUT PIN
Waveform distortion due to input noise or a reflected wave may cause malfunction. If the input of the
IL
CMOS device stays in the area between V
malfunction. Take care to prevent chattering noise from entering the device when the input level is fixed,
and also in the transition period when the input level passes through the area between V
V
IH
(MIN).
HANDLING OF UNUSED INPUT PINS
2
Unconnected CMOS device inputs can be cause of malfunction. If an input pin is unconnected, it is
possible that an internal input level may be generated due to noise, etc., causing malfunction. CMOS
devices behave differently than Bipolar or NMOS devices. Input levels of CMOS devices must be fixed
high or low by using pull-up or pull-down circuitry. Each unused pin should be connected to V
via a resistor if there is a possibility that it will be an output pin. All handling related to unused pins must
be judged separately for each device and according to related specifications governing the device.
3
PRECAUTION AGAINST ESD
A strong electric field, when exposed to a MOS device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and
ultimately degrade the device operation. Steps must be taken to stop generation of static electricity as
much as possible, and quickly dissipate it when it has occurred. Environmental control must be
adequate. When it is dry, a humidifier should be used. It is recommended to avoid using insulators that
easily build up static electricity. Semiconductor devices must be stored and transported in an anti-static
container, static shielding bag or conductive material. All test and measurement tools including work
benches and floors should be grounded. The operator should be grounded using a wrist strap.
Semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. Similar precautions need to be taken for
PW boards with mounted semiconductor devices.
(MAX) and VIH (MIN) due to noise, etc., the device may
IL
(MAX) and
DD
or GND
4
STATUS BEFORE INITIALIZATION
Power-on does not necessarily define the initial status of a MOS device. Immediately after the power
source is turned ON, devices with reset functions have not yet been initialized. Hence, power-on does
not guarantee output pin levels, I/O settings or contents of registers. A device is not initialized until the
reset signal is received. A reset operation must be executed immediately after power-on for devices
with reset functions.
5
POWER ON/OFF SEQUENCE
In the case of a device that uses different power supplies for the internal operation and external
interface, as a rule, switch on the external power supply after switching on the internal power supply.
When switching the power supply off, as a rule, switch off the external power supply and then the
internal power supply. Use of the reverse power on/off sequences may result in the application of an
overvoltage to the internal elements of the device, causing malfunction and degradation of internal
elements due to the passage of an abnormal current.
The correct power on/off sequence must be judged separately for each device and according to related
specifications governing the device.
6
INPUT OF SIGNAL DURING POWER OFF STATE
Do not input signals or an I/O pull-up power supply while the device is not powered. The current
injection that results from input of such a signal or I/O pull-up power supply may cause malfunction and
the abnormal current that passes in the device at this time may cause degradation of internal elements.
Input of signals during the power off state must be judged separately for each device and according to
related specifications governing the device.
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
3
IECUBE is a registered trademark of NEC Electronics Corporation in Japan and Germany.
MINICUBE is a registered trademark of NEC Electronics Corporation in Japan and Germany or a trademark in
the United States of America.
EEPROM is a trademark of NEC Electronics Corporation
Applilet is a registered trademark of NEC Electronics in Japan, Germany, Hong Kong, China, the Republic of
Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America.
Windows and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
PC/AT is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.
SPARCstation is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc.
Solaris and SunOS are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
TRON is an abbreviation of The Realtime Operating System Nucleus.
ITRON is an abbreviation of Industrial TRON.
4
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
•
The information in this document is current as of August, 2006. The information is subject to
change without notice. For actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of NEC Electronics data
sheets or data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of NEC Electronics products. Not
all products and/or types are available in every country. Please check with an NEC Electronics sales
representative for availability and additional information.
•
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appear in this document.
•
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or any other liability arising from the use of such products. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is
granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC Electronics or others.
Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative
•
purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. The incorporation of these
circuits, software and information in the design of a customer's equipment shall be done under the full
responsibility of the customer. NEC Electronics assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by
customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information.
•
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customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. To
minimize risks of damage to property or injury (including death) to persons arising from defects in NEC
Electronics products, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as
redundancy, fire-containment and anti-failure features.
•
NEC Electronics products are classified into the following three quality grades: "Standard", "Special" and
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The "Specific" quality grade applies only to NEC Electronics products developed based on a customerdesignated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. The recommended applications of an NEC
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"Standard":
"Special":
"Specific":
Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio
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Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster
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Aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life
support systems and medical equipment for life support, etc.
The quality grade of NEC Electronics products is "Standard" unless otherwise expressly specified in NEC
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(Note)
(1)
"NEC Electronics" as used in this statement means NEC Electronics Corporation and also includes its
majority-owned subsidiaries.
(2)
"NEC Electronics products" means any product developed or manufactured by or for NEC Electronics (as
defined above).
M8E 02. 11-1
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
5
PREFACE
Readers This manual is intended for users who wish to understand the functions of the
V850ES/JG2 and design application systems using these products.
PurposeThis manual is intended to give users an understanding of the hardware functions of
the V850ES/JG2 shown in the Organization below.
OrganizationThis manual is divided into two parts: Hardware (this manual) and Architecture
(V850ES Architecture User’s Manual).
Hardware Architecture
• Pin functions • Data types
• CPU function • Register set
• On-chip peripheral functions • Instruction format and instruction set
• Flash memory programming • Interrupts and exceptions
• Electrical specifications • Pipeline operation
How to Read This ManualIt is assumed that the readers of this manual have general knowledge in the fields of
electrical engineering, logic circuits, and microcontrollers.
To understand the overall functions of the V850ES/JG2
→ Read this manual according to the CONTENTS.
To find the details of a register where the name is known
→ Use APPENDIX B REGISTER INDEX.
Register format
→ The name of the bit whose number is in angle brackets (<>) in the figure of the
register format of each register is defined as a reserved word in the device file.
To understand the details of an instruction function
→ Refer to the V850ES Architecture User’s Manual available separately.
To know the electrical specifications of the V850ES/JG2
→ See CHAPTER 28 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS.
The “yyy bit of the xxx register” is described as the “xxx.yyy bit” in this manual. Note
with caution that if “xxx.yyy” is described as is in a program, however, the
compiler/assembler cannot recognize it correctly.
The mark <R> shows major revised points. The revised points can be easily searched
by copying an “<R>” in the PDF file and specifying it in the “Find what:” field.
6
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
Conventions Data significance: Higher digits on the left and lower digits on the right
Active low representation: xxx (overscore over pin or signal name)
Memory map address: Higher addresses on the top and lower addresses on
the bottom
Note: Footnote for item marked with Note in the text
Caution: Information requiring particular attention
Remark: Supplementary information
Numeric representation: Binary ... xxxx or xxxxB
Decimal ... xxxx
Hexadecimal ... xxxxH
Prefix indicating power of 2 (address space, memory capacity):
K (kilo): 2
M (mega): 2
G (giga): 2
10
= 1,024
20
= 1,0242
30
= 1,0243
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
7
Related Documents The related documents indicated in this publication may include preliminary versions.
However, preliminary versions are not marked as such.
Documents related to V850ES/JG2
Document Name Document No.
V850ES Architecture User’s Manual U15943E
V850ES/JG2 Hardware User’s Manual This manual
Documents related to development tools
Document Name Document No.
QB-V850ESSX2 In-Circuit Emulator U17091E
QB-V850MINI On-Chip Debug Emulator U17638E
QB-MINI2 On-Chip Debug Emulator with Flash Programming Function To be prepared
3.4.4 Areas .........................................................................................................................................60
3.4.5 Recommended use of address space ....................................................................................... 67
4.2 Basic Port Configuration ........................................................................................................88
4.3 Port Configuration................................................................................................................... 89
4.3.1 Port 0 ......................................................................................................................................... 94
4.3.2 Port 1 ......................................................................................................................................... 97
4.3.3 Port 3 ......................................................................................................................................... 98
4.3.4 Port 4 ....................................................................................................................................... 104
4.3.5 Port 5 ....................................................................................................................................... 106
4.3.6 Port 7 ....................................................................................................................................... 110
4.3.7 Port 9 ....................................................................................................................................... 112
4.3.8 Port CM ................................................................................................................................... 120
4.3.9 Port CT ....................................................................................................................................122
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
9
4.3.10 Port DH....................................................................................................................................124
4.3.11 Port DL ....................................................................................................................................126
19.3.7 ID flag ...................................................................................................................................... 678
19.4.3 EP flag..................................................................................................................................... 681
Notes 1. Connect this pin to VSS in the normal mode.
2. Connect the REGC pin to V
SS via a 4.7
24
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
P39/RXDA2/SCL00
P50/TIQ01/KR0/TOQ01/RTP00
μ
P54/SOB2/KR4/RTP04/DCK
P51/TIQ02/KR1/TOQ02/RTP01
P52/TIQ03/KR2/TOQ03/RTP02/DDI
P53/SIB2/KR3/TIQ00/TOQ00/RTP03/DDO
F capacitor.
P92/A2/TIP41/TOP41
P93/A3/TIP40/TOP40
P90/A0/KR6/TXDA1/SDA02
P91/A1/KR7/RXDA1/SCL02
P55/SCKB2/KR5/RTP05/DMS
P94/A4/TIP31/TOP31
P95/A5/TIP30/TOP30
P96/A6/TIP21/TOP21
P97/A7/SIB1/TIP20/TOP20
Pin names
A0 to A21:
AD0 to AD15:
ADTRG:
ANI0 to ANI11:
ANO0, ANO1:
ASCKA0:
ASTB:
AV
REF0, AVREF1:
AV
SS:
BVDD:
BV
SS:
CLKOUT:
DCK:
DDI:
DDO:
DMS:
DRST:
EV
DD:
EVSS:
FLMD0, FLMD1:
HLDAK:
HLDRQ:
INTP0 to INTP7:
KR0 to KR7:
NMI:
P02 to P06:
P10, P11:
P30 to P39:
P40 to P42:
P50 to P55:
P70 to P711:
P90 to P915:
PCM0 to PCM3:
PCT0, PCT1,
PCT4, PCT6:
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
Address bus
Address/data bus
A/D trigger input
Analog input
Analog output
Asynchronous serial clock
Address strobe
Analog reference voltage
Analog V
SS
Power supply for bus interface
Ground for bus interface
Clock output
Debug clock
Debug data input
Debug data output
Debug mode select
Debug reset
Power supply for port
Ground for port
Flash programming mode
Hold acknowledge
Hold request
External interrupt input
Key return
Non-maskable interrupt request
Port 0
Port 1
Port 3
Port 4
Port 5
Port 7
Port 9
Port CM
Port CT
PDH0 to PDH5:
PDL0 to PDL15:
RD:
REGC:
RESET:
RTP00 to RTP05:
RXDA0 to RXDA2:
SCKB0 to SCKB4:
SCL00 to SCL02:
SDA00 to SDA02:
SIB0 to SIB4:
SOB0 to SOB4:
TIP00, TIP01,
TIP10, TIP11,
TIP20, TIP21,
TIP30, TIP31,
TIP40, TIP41,
TIP50, TIP51,
TIQ00 to TIQ03:
TOP00, TOP01,
TOP10, TOP11,
TOP20, TOP21,
TOP30, TOP31,
TOP40, TOP41,
TOP50, TOP51,
TOQ00 to TOQ03:
TXDA0 to TXDA2:
V
DD:
V
SS:
WAIT:
WR0:
WR1:
X1, X2:
XT1, XT2:
Port DH
Port DL
Read strobe
Regulator control
Reset
Real-time output port
Receive data
Serial clock
Serial clock
Serial data
Serial input
Serial output
Timer input
Timer output
Transmit data
Power supply
Ground
Wait
Lower byte write strobe
Upper byte write strobe
Crystal for main clock
Crystal for subclock
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
25
1.6 Function Block Configuration
1.6.1 Internal block diagram
NMI
INTP0 to INTP7
TIQ00 to TIQ03
TOQ00 to TOQ03
TIP00 to TIP50,
TIP01 to TIP51
TOP00 to TOP50,
TOP01 to TOP51
INTC
16-bit timer/
counter Q:
1 ch
16-bit timer/
counter P:
6 ch
16-bit interval
timer M:
1 ch
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
ROM
Note 1
RAM
Note 2
DMAC
PC
32-bit barrel
shifter
System
registers
General-purpose
registers 32 bits × 32
CPU
Multiplier
16 × 16 → 32
ALU
Instruction
queue
BCU
HLDRQ
HLDAK
ASTB
RD
WAIT
WR0, WR1
A0 to A21
AD0 to AD15
RTP00 to RTP05
RTO
Ports
SOB0/SCL01
SIB0/SDA01
SCKB0
SOB1
SIB1
SCKB1
SOB2
SIB2
SCKB2
SOB3
SIB3
SCKB3
TXDA0/SOB4
RXDA0/SIB4
ASCKA0/SCKB4
TXDA1/SDA02
RXDA1/SCL02
TXDA2/SDA00
RXDA2/SCL00
CSIB0 I2C01
CSIB1
CSIB2
CSIB3
UARTA0
CSIB4
I2C02
UARTA1
I2C00
UARTA2
P50 to P55
P90 to P915
P70 to P711
PDH0 to PDH5
PCM0 to PCM3
PDL0 to PDL15
PCT0, PCT1, PCT4, PCT6
A/D
converter
D/A
converter
Key return
function
Watchdog
timer 2
Watch timer
Notes 1. 128/256/384/512/640 KB (flash memory) (see Table 1-1)
2. 12/24/32/40/48 KB (see Table 1-1)
P10, P11
P40 to P42
P30 to P39
P02 to P06
ANI0 to ANI11
AV
SS
AV
REF0
ADTRG
AV
REF1
ANO0, ANO1
KR0 to KR7
Internal
oscillator
CLM
DCU
CG
PLL
LVI
Regulator
CLKOUT
XT1
XT2
X1
X2
RESET
V
DD
V
SS
REGC
FLMD0
FLMD1
DD
BV
BV
SS
EV
DD
EV
SS
DRST
DMS
DDI
DCK
DDO
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User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.6.2 Internal units
(1) CPU
The CPU uses five-stage pipeline control to enable single-clock execution of address calculations, arithmetic
logic operations, data transfers, and almost all other instruction processing.
Other dedicated on-chip hardware, such as a multiplier (16 bits × 16 bits → 32 bits) and a barrel shifter (32
bits) contribute to faster complex processing.
(2) Bus control unit (BCU)
The BCU starts a required external bus cycle based on the physical address obtained by the CPU. When an
instruction is fetched from external memory space and the CPU does not send a bus cycle start request, the
BCU generates a prefetch address and prefetches the instruction code. The prefetched instruction code is
stored in an instruction queue.
(3) ROM
This is a 640/512/384/256/128 KB flash memory mapped to addresses 0000000H to 009FFFFH/0000000H to
007FFFFH/0000000H to 005FFFFH/0000000H to 003FFFFH/0000000H to 001FFFFH.
It can be accessed from the CPU in one clock during instruction fetch.
(4) RAM
This is a 48/40/32/24/12 KB RAM mapped to addresses 3FF3000H to 3FFEFFFH/3FF5000H to
3FFEFFFH/3FF7000H to 3FFEFFFH/3FF9000H to 3FFEFFFH/3FFC000H to 3FFEFFFH. It can be accessed
from the CPU in one clock during data access.
(5) Interrupt controller (INTC)
This controller handles hardware interrupt requests (NMI, INTP0 to INTP7) from on-chip peripheral hardware
and external hardware. Eight levels of interrupt priorities can be specified for these interrupt requests, and
multiplexed servicing control can be performed.
(6) Clock generator (CG)
A main clock oscillator and subclock oscillator are provided and generate the main clock oscillation frequency
(f
X) and subclock frequency (fXT), respectively. There are two modes: In the clock-through mode, fX is used as
the main clock frequency (fXX) as is. In the PLL mode, fX is used multiplied by 4 or 8.
The CPU clock frequency (f
CPU) can be selected from among fXX, fXX/2, fXX/4, fXX/8, fXX/16, fXX/32, and fXT.
(7) Internal oscillator
An internal oscillator is provided on chip. The oscillation frequency is 200 kHz (TYP). The internal oscillator
supplies the clock for watchdog timer 2 and timer M.
(8) Timer/counter
Six-channel 16-bit timer/event counter P (TMP), one-channel 16-bit timer/event counter Q (TMQ), and one-
channel 16-bit interval timer M (TMM), are provided on chip.
(9) Watch timer
This timer counts the reference time period (0.5 s) for counting the clock (the 32.768 kHz subclock or the
32.768 kHz clock f
BRG from prescaler 3). The watch timer can also be used as an interval timer for the main
clock.
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
27
(10) Watchdog timer 2
A watchdog timer is provided on chip to detect inadvertent program loops, system abnormalities, etc.
The internal oscillation clock, the main clock, or the subclock can be selected as the source clock.
Watchdog timer 2 generates a non-maskable interrupt request signal (INTWDT2) or a system reset signal
(WDT2RES) after an overflow occurs.
(11) Serial interface
The V850ES/JG2 includes three kinds of serial interfaces: asynchronous serial interface A (UARTA), 3-wire
variable-length serial interface B (CSIB), and an I
In the case of UARTA, data is transferred via the TXDA0 to TXDA2 pins and RXDA0 to RXDA2 pins.
In the case of CSIB, data is transferred via the SOB0 to SOB4 pins, SIB0 to SIB4 pins, and SCKB0 to
SCKB4 pins.
In the case of I
2
C, data is transferred via the SDA00 to SDA02 and SCL00 to SCL02 pins.
(12) A/D converter
This 10-bit A/D converter includes 12 analog input pins. Conversion is performed using the successive
approximation method.
(13) D/A converter
A two-channel, 8-bit-resolution D/A converter that uses the R-2R ladder method is provided on chip.
(14) DMA controller
A 4-channel DMA controller is provided on chip. This controller transfers data between the internal RAM and
on-chip peripheral I/O devices in response to interrupt requests sent by on-chip peripheral I/O.
(15) Key interrupt function
A key interrupt request signal (INTKR) can be generated by inputting a falling edge to the key input pins (8
channels).
(16) Real-time output function
The real-time output function transfers preset 6-bit data to output latches upon the occurrence of a timer
compare register match signal.
(17) DCU (debug control unit)
An on-chip debug function that uses the JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) communication specifications is
provided. Switching between the normal port function and on-chip debugging function is done with the
control pin input level and the OCDM register.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
2
C bus interface (I2C).
28
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
(18) Ports
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
The following general-purpose port functions and control pin functions are available.
Memory space Program (physical address) space: 64 MB linear
Data (logical address) space: 4 GB linear
General-purpose registers: 32 bits × 32 registers
Internal 32-bit architecture
5-stage pipeline control
Multiplication/division instruction
Saturation operation instruction
32-bit shift instruction: 1 clock
Load/store instruction with long/short format
Four types of bit manipulation instructions
• SET1
• CLR1
• NOT1
• TST1
μ
s (with subclock (fXT) = 32.768 kHz operation)
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User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.2 CPU Register Set
The registers of the V850ES/JG2 can be classified into two types: general-purpose program registers and
dedicated system registers. All the registers are 32 bits wide.
For details, refer to the V850ES Architecture User’s Manual.
(1) Program register set
(2) System register set
310310
r0
(Zero register)
(Assembler-reserved register)
r1
r2
r3
(Stack pointer (SP))
r4
(Global pointer (GP))
r5
(Text pointer (TP))
r6
r7
r8
r9
r10
r11
r12
r13
r14
r15
r16
r17
r18
r19
r20
r21
r22
r23
r24
r25
r26
r27
r28
r29
r30
(Element pointer (EP))
r31
(Link pointer (LP))
EIPC
EIPSW
FEPC
FEPSW
ECR
PSW
CTPC
CTPSW
DBPC
DBPSW
CTBP
(Interrupt status saving register)
(Interrupt status saving register)
(NMI status saving register)
(NMI status saving register)
(Interrupt source register)
(Program status word)
(CALLT execution status saving register)
(CALLT execution status saving register)
(Exception/debug trap status saving register)
(Exception/debug trap status saving register)
(CALLT base pointer)
310
PC
(Program counter)
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
47
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.2.1 Program register set
The program registers include general-purpose registers and a program counter.
(1) General-purpose registers (r0 to r31)
Thirty-two general-purpose registers, r0 to r31, are available. Any of these registers can be used to store a
data variable or an address variable.
However, r0 and r30 are implicitly used by instructions and care must be exercised when these registers are
used. r0 always holds 0 and is used for an operation that uses 0 or addressing of offset 0. r30 is used by the
SLD and SST instructions as a base pointer when these instructions access the memory. r1, r3 to r5, and r31
are implicitly used by the assembler and C compiler. When using these registers, save their contents for
protection, and then restore the contents after using the registers. r2 is sometimes used by the real-time OS.
If the real-time OS does not use r2, it can be used as a register for variables.
Table 3-1. Program Registers
Name Usage Operation
r0 Zero register Always holds 0.
r1 Assembler-reserved register Used as working register to create 32-bit immediate data
r2 Register for address/data variable (if real-time OS does not use r2)
r3 Stack pointer Used to create a stack frame when a function is called
r4 Global pointer Used to access a global variable in the data area
r5 Text pointer Used as register that indicates the beginning of a text area (area
where program codes are located)
r6 to r29 Register for address/data variable
r30 Element pointer Used as base pointer to access memory
r31 Link pointer Used when the compiler calls a function
PC Program counter Holds the instruction address during program execution
Remark For further details on the r1, r3 to r5, and r31 that are used in the assembler and C compiler, refer to
the CA850 (C Compiler Package) Assembly Language User’s Manual.
(2) Program counter (PC)
The program counter holds the instruction address during program execution. The lower 32 bits of this register
are valid. Bits 31 to 26 are fixed to 0. A carry from bit 25 to 26 is ignored even if it occurs.
Bit 0 is fixed to 0. This means that execution cannot branch to an odd address.
3126 251 0
PC
Fixed to 0Instruction address during program execution
0
Default value
00000000H
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User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.2.2 System register set
The system registers control the status of the CPU and hold interrupt information.
These registers can be read or written by using system register load/store instructions (LDSR and STSR), using
the system register numbers listed below.
Table 3-2. System Register Numbers
System Register Name
Register
Number
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
0 Interrupt status saving register (EIPC)
1 Interrupt status saving register (EIPSW)
2 NMI status saving register (FEPC)
3 NMI status saving register (FEPSW)
4 Interrupt source register (ECR)
5 Program status word (PSW)
6 to 15 Reserved for future function expansion (operation is not guaranteed if these
Operand Specification System
LDSR Instruction STSR Instruction
√ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
× √
√ √
× ×
registers are accessed)
16 CALLT execution status saving register (CTPC)
17 CALLT execution status saving register (CTPSW)
18 Exception/debug trap status saving register (DBPC) √
19 Exception/debug trap status saving register (DBPSW) √
20 CALLT base pointer (CTBP)
21 to 31 Reserved for future function expansion (operation is not guaranteed if these
√ √
√ √
Note 2
√
Note 2
√
√ √
× ×
Note 2
Note 2
registers are accessed)
Notes 1. Because only one set of these registers is available, the contents of these registers must be saved by
program if multiple interrupts are enabled.
2. These registers can be accessed only during the interval between the execution of the DBTRAP
instruction or illegal opcode and DBRET instruction execution.
Caution Even if EIPC or FEPC, or bit 0 of CTPC is set to 1 by the LDSR instruction, bit 0 is ignored when
execution is returned to the main routine by the RETI instruction after interrupt servicing (this is
because bit 0 of the PC is fixed to 0). Set an even value to EIPC, FEPC, and CTPC (bit 0 = 0).
Remark √: Can be accessed
×: Access prohibited
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
(1) Interrupt status saving registers (EIPC and EIPSW)
EIPC and EIPSW are used to save the status when an interrupt occurs.
If a software exception or a maskable interrupt occurs, the contents of the program counter (PC) are saved to
EIPC, and the contents of the program status word (PSW) are saved to EIPSW (these contents are saved to
the NMI status saving registers (FEPC and FEPSW) if a non-maskable interrupt occurs).
The address of the instruction next to the instruction under execution, except some instructions (see 19.8
Periods in Which Interrupts Are Not Acknowledged by CPU), is saved to EIPC when a software exception
or a maskable interrupt occurs.
The current contents of the PSW are saved to EIPSW.
Because only one set of interrupt status saving registers is available, the contents of these registers must be
saved by program when multiple interrupts are enabled.
Bits 31 to 26 of EIPC and bits 31 to 8 of EIPSW are reserved for future function expansion (these bits are
always fixed to 0).
The value of EIPC is restored to the PC and the value of EIPSW to the PSW by the RETI instruction.
EIPC
EIPSW
310
00
310
00
26 25
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0
(Contents of saved PC)
87
(Contents of
saved PSW)
Default value
0xxxxxxxH
(x: Undefined)
Default value
000000xxH
(x: Undefined)
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
(2) NMI status saving registers (FEPC and FEPSW)
FEPC and FEPSW are used to save the status when a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) occurs.
If an NMI occurs, the contents of the program counter (PC) are saved to FEPC, and those of the program
status word (PSW) are saved to FEPSW.
The address of the instruction next to the one of the instruction under execution, except some instructions, is
saved to FEPC when an NMI occurs.
The current contents of the PSW are saved to FEPSW.
Because only one set of NMI status saving registers is available, the contents of these registers must be saved
by program when multiple interrupts are enabled.
Bits 31 to 26 of FEPC and bits 31 to 8 of FEPSW are reserved for future function expansion (these bits are
always fixed to 0).
The value of FEPC is restored to the PC and the value of FEPSW to the PSW by the RETI instruction.
FEPC
FEPSW
310
00
310
00
26 25
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0
(Contents of saved PC)
87
(Contents of
saved PSW)
Default value
0xxxxxxxH
(x: Undefined)
Default value
000000xxH
(x: Undefined)
(3) Interrupt source register (ECR)
The interrupt source register (ECR) holds the source of an exception or interrupt if an exception or interrupt
occurs. This register holds the exception code of each interrupt source. Because this register is a read-only
register, data cannot be written to this register using the LDSR instruction.
ECR
310
FECCEICC
16 15
Default value
00000000H
Bit position Bit name Meaning
31 to 16 FECC Exception code of non-maskable interrupt (NMI)
15 to 0 EICC Exception code of exception or maskable interrupt
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
(4) Program status word (PSW)
The program status word (PSW) is a collection of flags that indicate the status of the program (result of
instruction execution) and the status of the CPU.
If the contents of a bit of this register are changed by using the LDSR instruction, the new contents are
validated immediately after completion of LDSR instruction execution. However if the ID flag is set to 1,
interrupt requests will not be acknowledged while the LDSR instruction is being executed.
Bits 31 to 8 of this register are reserved for future function expansion (these bits are fixed to 0).
PSW
310
RFU
87NP6EP5ID4
SAT3CY2OV
1
SZ
Default value
00000020H
Bit position Flag name Meaning
31 to 8 RFU Reserved field. Fixed to 0.
7 NP Indicates that a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) is being serviced. This bit is set to 1 when an
NMI request is acknowledged, disabling multiple interrupts.
0: NMI is not being serviced.
1: NMI is being serviced.
6 EP Indicates that an exception is being processed. This bit is set to 1 when an exception
occurs. Even if this bit is set, interrupt requests are acknowledged.
0: Exception is not being processed.
1: Exception is being processed.
5 ID Indicates whether a maskable interrupt can be acknowledged.
0: Interrupt enabled
1: Interrupt disabled
4 SAT
3 CY Indicates whether a carry or a borrow occurs as a result of an operation.
2 OV
1 S
0 Z Indicates whether the result of an operation is 0.
Note
Indicates that the result of a saturation operation has overflowed and is saturated. Because
this is a cumulative flag, it is set to 1 when the result of a saturation operation instruction is
saturated, and is not cleared to 0 even if the subsequent operation result is not saturated.
Use the LDSR instruction to clear this bit. This flag is neither set to 1 nor cleared to 0 by
execution of an arithmetic operation instruction.
0: Not saturated
1: Saturated
0: Carry or borrow does not occur.
1: Carry or borrow occurs.
Note
Indicates whether an overflow occurs during operation.
0: Overflow does not occur.
1: Overflow occurs.
Note
Indicates whether the result of an operation is negative.
0: The result is positive or 0.
1: The result is negative.
0: The result is not 0.
1: The result is 0.
(1/2)
Remark Also read Note on the next page.
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Note The result of the operation that has performed saturation processing is determined by the contents of the
OV and S flags. The SAT flag is set to 1 only when the OV flag is set to 1 when a saturation operation is
performed.
SAT OV S
Maximum positive value is exceeded 1 1 0 7FFFFFFFH
Maximum negative value is exceeded 1 1 1 80000000H
Positive (maximum value is not exceeded) 0
Negative (maximum value is not exceeded)
Holds value
before operation
Flag Status Status of Operation Result
0
1
Result of Operation of
Saturation Processing
Operation result itself
(5) CALLT execution status saving registers (CTPC and CTPSW)
CTPC and CTPSW are CALLT execution status saving registers.
When the CALLT instruction is executed, the contents of the program counter (PC) are saved to CTPC, and
those of the program status word (PSW) are saved to CTPSW.
The contents saved to CTPC are the address of the instruction next to CALLT.
The current contents of the PSW are saved to CTPSW.
Bits 31 to 26 of CTPC and bits 31 to 8 of CTPSW are reserved for future function expansion (fixed to 0).
CTPC
CTPSW
310
00
310
00
26 25
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0
(Saved PC contents)
87
(Saved PSW
contents)
Default value
0xxxxxxxH
(x: Undefined)
Default value
000000xxH
(x: Undefined)
(2/2)
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
(6) Exception/debug trap status saving registers (DBPC and DBPSW)
DBPC and DBPSW are exception/debug trap status registers.
If an exception trap or debug trap occurs, the contents of the program counter (PC) are saved to DBPC, and
those of the program status word (PSW) are saved to DBPSW.
The contents to be saved to DBPC are the address of the instruction next to the one that is being executed
when an exception trap or debug trap occurs.
The current contents of the PSW are saved to DBPSW.
This register can be read or written only during the interval between the execution of the DBTRAP instruction
or illegal opcode and the DBRET instruction.
Bits 31 to 26 of DBPC and bits 31 to 8 of DBPSW are reserved for future function expansion (fixed to 0).
The value of DBPC is restored to the PC and the value of DBPSW to the PSW by the DBRET instruction.
DBPC
DBPSW
310
00
310
00
26 25
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0000 0 0 0
(Saved PC contents)
87
(Saved PSW
contents)
Default value
0xxxxxxxH
(x: Undefined)
Default value
000000xxH
(x: Undefined)
(7) CALLT base pointer (CTBP)
The CALLT base pointer (CTBP) is used to specify a table address or generate a target address (bit 0 is fixed
to 0).
Bits 31 to 26 of this register are reserved for future function expansion (fixed to 0).
CTBP
310
00
26 25
0 0 0 00
(Base address)
Default value
0xxxxxxxH
(x: Undefined)
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.3 Operation Modes
The V850ES/JG2 has the following operation modes.
(1) Normal operation mode
In this mode, each pin related to the bus interface is set to the port mode after system reset has been released.
Execution branches to the reset entry address of the internal ROM, and then instruction processing is started.
(2) Flash memory programming mode
In this mode, the internal flash memory can be programmed by using a flash programmer.
(3) On-chip debug mode
The V850ES/JG2 is provided with an on-chip debug function that employs the JTAG (Joint Test Action Group)
communication specifications.
For details, see CHAPTER 27 ON-CHIP DEBUG FUNCTION.
3.3.1 Specifying operation mode
Specify the operation mode by using the FLMD0 and FLMD1 pins.
In the normal mode, make sure that a low level is input to the FLMD0 pin when reset is released.
In the flash memory programming mode, a high level is input to the FLMD0 pin from the flash programmer if a flash
programmer is connected, but it must be input from an external circuit in the self-programming mode.
Operation When Reset Is Released
FLMD0 FLMD1
Operation Mode After Reset
L
H L Flash memory programming mode
H H Setting prohibited
×
Normal operation mode
Remark L: Low-level input
H: High-level input
×: Don’t care
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.4 Address Space
3.4.1 CPU address space
For instruction addressing, up to a combined total of 16 MB of external memory area and internal ROM area, plus
an internal RAM area, are supported in a linear address space (program space) of up to 64 MB. For operand
addressing (data access), up to 4 GB of a linear address space (data space) is supported. The 4 GB address space,
however, is viewed as 64 images of a 64 MB physical address space. This means that the same 64 MB physical
address space is accessed regardless of the value of bits 31 to 26.
Figure 3-1. Image on Address Space
Image 63
16 MB
Program space
Use-prohibited area
Internal RAM area
Use-prohibited area
External memory area
4 GB
64 MB
Image 1
Image 0
Data space
Peripheral I/O area
Internal RAM area
Use-prohibited area
64 MB
External memory area
Internal ROM area
(external memory area)
56
Internal ROM area
(external memory area)
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.4.2 Wraparound of CPU address space
(1) Program space
Of the 32 bits of the PC (program counter), the higher 6 bits are fixed to 0 and only the lower 26 bits are valid.
The higher 6 bits ignore a carry or borrow from bit 25 to 26 during branch address calculation.
Therefore, the highest address of the program space, 03FFFFFFH, and the lowest address, 00000000H, are
contiguous addresses. That the highest address and the lowest address of the program space are contiguous
in this way is called wraparound.
Caution Because the 4 KB area of addresses 03FFF000H to 03FFFFFFH is an on-chip peripheral I/O
area, instructions cannot be fetched from this area. Therefore, do not execute an operation in
which the result of a branch address calculation affects this area.
00000001H
00000000H
03FFFFFFH
03FFFFFEH
Program space
(+) direction(−) direction
Program space
(2) Data space
The result of an operand address calculation operation that exceeds 32 bits is ignored.
Therefore, the highest address of the data space, FFFFFFFFH, and the lowest address, 00000000H, are
contiguous, and wraparound occurs at the boundary of these addresses.
00000001H
00000000H
FFFFFFFFH
Data space
(+) direction(−) direction
FFFFFFFEH
Data space
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.4.3 Memory map
The areas shown below are reserved in the V850ES/JG2.
Figure 3-2. Data Memory Map (Physical Addresses)
03FFFFFFH
(64 KB)
03FF0000H
03FEFFFFH
Use prohibited
01000000H
00FFFFFFH
On-chip peripheral I/O area
(4 KB)
Internal RAM area
(60 KB)
03FFFFFFH
03FFF000H
03FFEFFFH
03FF0000H
External memory area
(14 MB)
00200000H
001FFFFFH
(2 MB)
00000000H
Note 1
External memory area
(1 MB)
Internal ROM area
(1 MB)
Note 1
Note 2
001FFFFFH
00100000H
000FFFFFH
00000000H
Notes 1. The V850ES/JG2 has 22 address pins, so the external memory area appears as a repeated 4 MB
image.
2. Fetch access and read access to addresses 00000000H to 000FFFFFH is made to the internal ROM
area. However, data write access to these addresses is made to the external memory area.
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Figure 3-3. Program Memory Map
03FFFFFFH
03FFF000H
03FFEFFFH
03FF0000H
03FEFFFFH
01000000H
00FFFFFFH
Use prohibited
(program fetch prohibited area)
Internal RAM area (60 KB)
Use prohibited
(program fetch prohibited area)
Note
Note
00200000H
001FFFFFH
00100000H
000FFFFFH
00000000H
External memory area
External memory area
(14 MB)
(1 MB)
Internal ROM area
(1 MB)
Note The V850ES/JG2 has 22 address pins, so the external memory area appears as a repeated 4 MB image.
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59
3.4.4 Areas
(1) Internal ROM area
Up to 1 MB is reserved as an internal ROM area.
(a) Internal ROM (128 KB)
128 KB are allocated to addresses 00000000H to 0001FFFFH in the
Accessing addresses 00020000H to 000FFFFFH is prohibited.
Figure 3-4. Internal ROM Area (128 KB)
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
000FFFFFH
Access-prohibited
area
μ
PD70F3715.
(b) Internal ROM (256 KB)
256 KB are allocated to addresses 00000000H to 0003FFFFH in the
Accessing addresses 00040000H to 000FFFFFH is prohibited.
00020000H
0001FFFFH
00000000H
Internal ROM
(128 KB)
Figure 3-5. Internal ROM Area (256 KB)
000FFFFFH
Access-prohibited
area
00040000H
0003FFFFH
Internal ROM
(256 KB)
μ
PD70F3716.
60
00000000H
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(c) Internal ROM (384 KB)
384 KB are allocated to addresses 00000000H to 0005FFFFH in the
Accessing addresses 00060000H to 000FFFFFH is prohibited.
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Figure 3-6. Internal ROM Area (384 KB)
000FFFFFH
Access-prohibited
area
00060000H
0005FFFFH
Internal ROM
(384 KB)
μ
PD70F3717.
(d) Internal ROM (512 KB)
512 KB are allocated to addresses 00000000H to 0007FFFFH in the
Accessing addresses 00080000H to 000FFFFFH is prohibited.
00000000H
Figure 3-7. Internal ROM Area (512 KB)
000FFFFFH
Access-prohibited
area
00080000H
0007FFFFH
Internal ROM
(512 KB)
00000000H
μ
PD70F3718.
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61
(e) Internal ROM (640 KB)
640 KB are allocated to addresses 00000000H to 0009FFFFH in the
Accessing addresses 000A0000H to 000FFFFFH is prohibited.
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Figure 3-8. Internal ROM Area (640 KB)
μ
PD70F3719.
000FFFFFH
000A0000H
0009FFFFH
00000000H
Access-prohibited
area
Internal ROM
(640 KB)
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(2) Internal RAM area
Up to 60 KB are reserved as the internal RAM area.
(a) Internal RAM (12 KB)
12 KB are allocated to addresses 03FFC000H to 03FFEFFFH of the
Accessing addresses 03FF0000H to 03FFBFFFH is prohibited.
Figure 3-9. Internal RAM Area (12 KB)
Physical address space
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Logical address space
μ
PD70F3715.
(b) Internal RAM (24 KB)
24 KB are allocated to addresses 03FF9000H to 03FFEFFFH of the
Accessing addresses 03FF0000H to 03FF8FFFH is prohibited.
03FFEFFFH
03FFC000H
03FFBFFFH
03FF0000H
Figure 3-10. Internal RAM Area (24 KB)
Physical address space
Internal RAM
(12 KB)
Access-prohibited
area
FFFFEFFFH
FFFFC000H
FFFFBFFFH
FFFF0000H
μ
PD70F3716.
Logical address space
03FFEFFFH
Internal RAM
(24 KB)
03FF9000H
03FF8FFFH
Access-prohibited
area
03FF0000H
FFFFEFFFH
FFFF9000H
FFFF8FFFH
FFFF0000H
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63
(c) Internal RAM (32 KB)
32 KB are allocated to addresses 03FF7000H to 03FFEFFFH of the
Accessing addresses 03FF0000H to 03FF6FFFH is prohibited.
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Figure 3-11. Internal RAM Area (32 KB)
Physical address space
μ
PD70F3717.
Logical address space
(d) Internal RAM (40 KB)
40 KB are allocated to addresses 03FF5000H to 03FFEFFFH of the
Accessing addresses 03FF0000H to 03FF4FFFH is prohibited.
03FFEFFFH
03FF7000H
03FF6FFFH
03FF0000H
Figure 3-12. Internal RAM Area (40 KB)
Physical address space
Internal RAM
(32 KB)
Access-prohibited
area
FFFFEFFFH
FFFF7000H
FFFF6FFFH
FFFF0000H
μ
PD70F3718.
Logical address space
64
03FFEFFFH
03FF5000H
03FF4FFFH
03FF0000H
User’s Manual U17715EJ2V0UD
Internal RAM
(40 KB)
Access-prohibited
area
FFFFEFFFH
FFFF5000H
FFFF4FFFH
FFFF0000H
(e) Internal RAM area (48 KB)
48 KB are allocated to addresses 03FF3000H to 03FFEFFFH of the
Accessing addresses 03FF0000H to 03FF2FFFH is prohibited.
CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Figure 3-13. Internal RAM Area (48 KB)
Physical address space
μ
PD70F3719.
Logical address space
03FFEFFFH
03FF3000H
03FF2FFFH
03FF0000H
Internal RAM
(48 KB)
Access-prohibited
area
FFFFEFFFH
FFFF3000H
FFFF2FFFH
FFFF0000H
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
(3) On-chip peripheral I/O area
4 KB of addresses 03FFF000H to 03FFFFFFH are reserved as the on-chip peripheral I/O area.
Figure 3-14. On-Chip Peripheral I/O Area
Physical address spaceLogical address space
03FFFFFFH
On-chip peripheral I/O area
(4 KB)
03FFF000H
FFFFFFFFH
FFFFF000H
Peripheral I/O registers that have functions to specify the operation mode for and monitor the status of the on-
chip peripheral I/O are mapped to the on-chip peripheral I/O area. Program cannot be fetched from this area.
Cautions 1. When a register is accessed in word units, a word area is accessed twice in halfword
units in the order of lower area and higher area, with the lower 2 bits of the address
ignored.
2. If a register that can be accessed in byte units is accessed in halfword units, the higher 8
bits are undefined when the register is read, and data is written to the lower 8 bits.
3. Addresses not defined as registers are reserved for future expansion. The operation is
undefined and not guaranteed when these addresses are accessed.
(4) External memory area
15 MB (00100000H to 00FFFFFFH) are allocated as the external memory area. For details, see CHAPTER 5
BUS CONTROL FUNCTION.
Caution The V850ES/JG2 has 22 address pins (A0 to A21), so the external memory area appears as a
repeated 4 MB image. In the separate bus mode or when the A20 and A21 pins are used, it is
necessary that EV
DD = BVDD = VDD.
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.4.5 Recommended use of address space
The architecture of the V850ES/JG2 requires that a register that serves as a pointer be secured for address
generation when operand data in the data space is accessed. The address stored in this pointer ±32 KB can be
directly accessed by an instruction for operand data. Because the number of general-purpose registers that can be
used as a pointer is limited, however, by keeping the performance from dropping during address calculation when a
pointer value is changed, as many general-purpose registers as possible can be secured for variables, and the
program size can be reduced.
(1) Program space
Of the 32 bits of the PC (program counter), the higher 6 bits are fixed to 0, and only the lower 26 bits are valid.
Regarding the program space, therefore, a 64 MB space of contiguous addresses starting from 00000000H
unconditionally corresponds to the memory map.
To use the internal RAM area as the program space, access the following addresses.
Caution If a branch instruction is at the upper limit of the internal RAM area, a prefetch operation
(invalid fetch) straddling the on-chip peripheral I/O area does not occur.
RAM Size Access Address
48 KB 03FF3000H to 03FFEFFFH
40 KB 03FF5000H to 03FFEFFFH
32 KB 03FF7000H to 03FFEFFFH
24 KB 03FF9000H to 03FFEFFFH
12 KB 03FFC000H to 03FFEFFFH
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
(2) Data space
With the V850ES/JG2, it seems that there are sixty-four 64 MB address spaces on the 4 GB CPU address
space. Therefore, the least significant bit (bit 25) of a 26-bit address is sign-extended to 32 bits and allocated
as an address.
(a) Application example of wraparound
If R = r0 (zero register) is specified for the LD/ST disp16 [R] instruction, a range of addresses 00000000H
±32 KB can be addressed by sign-extended disp16. All the resources, including the internal hardware, can
be addressed by one pointer.
The zero register (r0) is a register fixed to 0 by hardware, and practically eliminates the need for registers
dedicated to pointers.
Example:
μ
PD70F3717
0005FFFFH
00007FFFH
(R = )
00000000H
FFFFF000H
FFFFEFFFH
FFFF8000H
Internal ROM area
On-chip peripheral
I/O area
Internal RAM area
32 KB
4 KB
28 KB
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
Figure 3-15. Recommended Memory Map
FFFFFFFFH
FFFFF000H
FFFFEFFFH
FFFF0000H
FFFEFFFFH
04000000H
03FFFFFFH
03FFF000H
03FFEFFFH
03FF7000H
03FF6FFFH
03FF0000H
03FEFFFFH
Use prohibited
Internal RAM
Data spaceProgram space
On-chip
peripheral I/O
Internal RAM
On-chip
peripheral I/O
Internal RAM
Use prohibited
FFFFFFFFH
FFFFF000H
FFFFEFFFH
FFFF7000H
FFFF6FFFH
FFFF0000H
FFFEFFFFH
Program space
64 MB
01000000H
00FFFFFFH
00100000H
000FFFFFH
00060000H
0005FFFFH
00000000H
Use prohibited
External
Note
memory
Internal ROM
Internal ROM
External
Note
memory
Internal ROM
00100000H
000FFFFFH
00000000H
Note The V850ES/JG2 has 22 address pins, so the external memory area appears as a repeated 4 MB image.
Remarks 1.
indicates the recommended area.
2. This figure is the recommended memory map of the μPD70F3717.
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CHAPTER 3 CPU FUNCTION
3.4.6 Peripheral I/O registers
Manipulatable Bits Address Function Register Name Symbol R/W