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POWERMATE 433D
SERVICE MANUAL
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Nec POWERMATE 433D, POWERMATE 4100M, POWERMATE 466D, POWERMATE 466M SERVICE MANUAL

PROPRIETARY NOTICE AND LIABILITY DISCLAIMER
The information disclosed in this document, including all designs and related materials, is the valuable property of NEC Corporation (NEC) and/or its licensors. NEC and/or its licen­sors, as appropriate, reserve all patent, copyright and other proprietary rights to this docu­ment, including all design, manufacturing, reproduction, use, and sales rights thereto, except to the extent said rights are expressly granted to others.
The NEC product(s) discussed in this document are warranted in accordance with the terms of the Warranty Statement accompanying each product. However, actual performance of each such product is dependent upon factors such as system configuration, customer data, and operator control. Since implementation by customers of each product may vary, the suitability of specific product configurations and applications must be determined by the customer and is not warranted by NEC.
To allow for design and specification improvements, the information in this document is subject to change at any time, without notice. Reproduction of this document or portions thereof without prior written approval of NEC is prohibited.
MultiSync and PowerMate are U.S. registered trademarks of NEC Technologies, Inc. FastFacts, NEC SVGA, PowerMate 433D PowerMate 466D, PowerMate 466M, and
PowerMate 4100M are U.S. trademarks of NEC Technologies, Inc. All other product, brand, or trade names used in this publication are the trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective trademark owners.
First Printing — May 1994
Copyright 1994 Copyright 1994
NEC Technologies, Inc. NEC Corporation
1414 Massachusetts Avenue 7-1 Shiba 5-Chome, Minato-Ku
Boxborough, MA 01719 Tokyo 108-01, Japan
All Rights Reserved All Rights Reserved
Contents
Page
Section 1 Technical Information
System Board.............................................................................................................1-3
Processor................................................................................................................1-5
Secondary Cache ....................................................................................................1-5
Flash ROM .............................................................................................................1-6
Power Management ................................................................................................1-7
I/O Addressing........................................................................................................1-8
System Memory......................................................................................................1-9
Interrupt Controller.................................................................................................1-9
Video Controller...................................................................................................1-10
Video Memory...................................................................................................... 1-12
ISA/VL-Bus Backboard............................................................................................1-14
ISA Bus................................................................................................................1-14
VL-Bus................................................................................................................. 1-14
Parallel Interface.......................................................................................................1-15
Serial Interface .........................................................................................................1-16
Indicator Panel..........................................................................................................1-16
v
Section 2 Setup and Operation
Minitower Setup.........................................................................................................2-5
Setup Utility...............................................................................................................2-8
How to Start Setup.....................................................................................................2-9
How to Use Setup......................................................................................................2-9
Menu Bar..............................................................................................................2-10
Legend Bar........................................................................................................... 2-11
vi Contents
Field Help Window...............................................................................................2-11
General Help Window ........................................................................................... 2-12
Main Menu Options..............................................................................................2-12
IDE Adapters........................................................................................................ 2-13
Memory Shadow...................................................................................................2-14
Boot Sequence...................................................................................................... 2-15
Numlock...............................................................................................................2-15
Advanced Menu........................................................................................................2-16
Integrated Peripherals Menu..................................................................................2-16
Parity....................................................................................................................2-17
Large Disk Access Mode ......................................................................................2-18
Security Menu..........................................................................................................2-18
Power Menu.............................................................................................................2-20
Exit Menu.................................................................................................................2-21
Save Values & Exit...............................................................................................2-21
Discard Values & Exit...........................................................................................2-21
Get Default Values................................................................................................2-21
Load Previous Values ...........................................................................................2-22
Save Current Values ............................................................................................. 2-22
Section 3 Options
Desktop Cover Removal.............................................................................................3-2
Minitower Cover Removal .......................................................................................... 3-3
Expansion Board(s)....................................................................................................3-4
Desktop Expansion Board Installation ..................................................................... 3-5
Minitower Expansion Board Installation..................................................................3-7
Expansion Board Troubleshooting ..........................................................................3-8
System Board Options................................................................................................3-9
OverDrive Processor Installation...........................................................................3-10
OverDrive Processor Troubleshooting...................................................................3-12
SIMM Memory Installation...................................................................................3-13
SIMM Upgrade Path............................................................................................. 3-13
SIMM Installation.................................................................................................3-15
SIMM Upgrade Kit Troubleshooting.....................................................................3-16
Secondary Cache Installation.................................................................................3-17
Secondary Cache Kit Troubleshooting ..................................................................3-18
Video DRAM Module Installation.........................................................................3-19
Video DRAM Module Troubleshooting................................................................3-20
Video Cache RAM Chip Installation .....................................................................3-21
Video Cache RAM Chip Troubleshooting.............................................................3-22
Contents vii
5 1/4-Inch Diskette Drive..........................................................................................3-23
5 1/4-Inch Diskette Drive Settings............................................................................3-23
Hard Disk Drives......................................................................................................3-24
Hard Disk Drive Settings.......................................................................................... 3-24
Desktop 3 1/2-inch Drive Bracket Removal..............................................................3-26
Desktop Blank Panel Removal..................................................................................3-27
Desktop 5 1/4-Inch Device Placement.......................................................................3-28
Desktop 5 1/4-Inch Diskette Drive Cabling...........................................................3-29
Desktop 5 1/4-Inch Hard Disk Drive Cabling........................................................3-30
Finishing Desktop 5 1/4-Inch Device Installation.......................................................3-31
Minitower Blank Panel Removal...............................................................................3-32
Minitower 5 1/4-Inch Device Placement....................................................................3-34
Minitower 5 1/4-Inch Diskette Drive Cabling........................................................3-35
Minitower 5 1/4-Inch Hard Disk Drive Cabling.....................................................3-36
Finishing Minitower 5 1/4-Inch Device Installation....................................................3-37
Hard Disk Drive Troubleshooting.............................................................................3-37
Connecting the Monitor............................................................................................3-40
Front Control Panel..................................................................................................3-42
Rear Control Panel ................................................................................................... 3-43
NEC SVGA Monitor Troubleshooting ...................................................................... 3-44
Section 4 Maintenance and Troubleshooting
System Unit................................................................................................................4-2
Keyboard....................................................................................................................4-3
Mouse........................................................................................................................4-4
Routine Checks ..........................................................................................................4-4
Error Messages...........................................................................................................4-5
Diagnosing and Solving Problems...............................................................................4-6
Diagnostic Output and Beep Codes...........................................................................4-10
Section 5 Desktop Repair
Top Cover Removal ...................................................................................................5-3
Expansion Board Removal .......................................................................................... 5-4
ISA/VL-BUS Backboard Removal .............................................................................5-7
viii Contents
Front Panel Assembly Removal ................................................................................... 5-7
Power Button Cover Removal....................................................................................5-9
Speaker Assembly Removal...................................................................................... 5-10
SIMM Removal........................................................................................................5-11
3 1/2-inch Diskette and Hard Disk Drive Removal....................................................5-12
Optional 5 1/4-Inch Device Removal ........................................................................5-14
5 1/4-Inch Device Cage Removal..............................................................................5-15
Power Supply Removal.............................................................................................5-16
System Board Removal.............................................................................................5-17
Battery Removal.......................................................................................................5-19
Illustrated Parts Breakdown ...................................................................................... 5-20
Section 6 Minetower Repair
Top Cover Removal ...................................................................................................6-3
Expansion Board Removal .......................................................................................... 6-5
ISA/VL-BUS Backboard Removal .............................................................................6-6
Front Panel Assembly Removal ................................................................................... 6-7
Power Button Cover Removal....................................................................................6-8
Speaker Assembly Removal........................................................................................6-9
SIMM Removal........................................................................................................6-10
3 1/2-inch Diskette Drive Removal ........................................................................... 6-11
3 1/2-inch Hard Disk Drive Removal ........................................................................ 6-13
5 1/4-Inch Device Removal....................................................................................... 6-15
5 1/4-Inch Device Cage Removal..............................................................................6-16
Power Supply Removal.............................................................................................6-17
System Board Removal.............................................................................................6-18
Battery Removal.......................................................................................................6-20
Illustrated Parts Breakdown ...................................................................................... 6-21
Appendix A Connector Pin Assignments
Contents ix
Appendix B Specifications
List of Figures
x Contents
Contents xi
List of Tables
xii Contents
Contents xiii

Preface

This service and reference manual contains the technical information necessary to set up, maintain, troubleshoot, and repair the NEC PowerMate 433D, PowerMate 466D, Power­Mate 466M, and PowerMate 4100M computer systems. It also provides hardware and in­terface information for users who need an overview of the computer system design. The manual is written for NEC-trained customer engineers, system analysts, service center per­sonnel, and dealers.
The manual is organized as follows: Section 1, Technical Information, provides an overview of the computer features, hard-
ware design, interface ports and internal devices. Section 2, Setup and Operation, takes the user from unpacking to setup and operation.
Included is a description of the system configuration, system password, and the computer’s jumper settings, including the factory default settings.
xiii
Section 3, Options, provides the user with installation and troubleshooting information for each specific option.
Section 4, Maintenance and Troubleshooting, includes recommended maintenance in­formation and lists possible problem and solutions for computer.
Section 5, Desktop Repair, includes a list of NEC service information and telephone num­bers that provide access to the NEC Bulletin Board System (BBS), FastFacts, and Techni­cal Information Bulletins. Included are desktop disassembly and reassembly procedures along with an illustrated parts breakdown. NEC service and spare parts ordering informa­tion is also provided.
Section 6, Minitower Repair, includes a list of NEC service information and telephone numbers that provide access to the NEC Bulletin Board System (BBS), FastFacts, and Technical Information Bulletins. Included are minitower disassembly and reassembly proce­dures along with an illustrated parts breakdown. NEC service and spare parts ordering in­formation is also provided.
Appendix A, Connector Pin Assignments, provides a list of the system boards' internal connector pin assignments and a list of external pin assignments for the keyboard/mouse, serial port, parallel port, and video port.
Appendix B, Specifications, provides specifications for the system unit, power supply, diskette drives, hard disk drives, and optional NEC SVGA Monitor.

Abbreviations

xv
A ampere AC alternating current AT advanced technology
(IBM PC)
BBS Bulletin Board System BCD binary-coded decimal BCU BIOS Customized Utility BIOS basic input/output system bit binary digit BUU BIOS Upgrade Utility bpi bits per inch bps bits per second C capacitance C centigrade Cache high-speed buffer storage CAM constantly addressable memory CAS column address strobe CD-ROM compact disk-ROM CG character generator CGA Color Graphics Adapter CGB Color Graphics Board CH channel clk clock cm centimeter CMOS complementary metal oxide
semiconductor
COM communication CONT contrast CPGA ceramic pin grid array CPU central processing unit DAC digital-to-analog converter DACK DMA acknowledge DC direct current DIP dual in-line package DLAB Divisor Latch Address bit DMA direct memory access
DMAC DMA controller DOS disk operating system DRAM dynamic RAM DTE data terminal equipment ECC error checking and correction EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter EPROM erasable and programmable
ROM
EVGA Enhanced Video Graphics
Array
F Fahrenheit FCC Federal Communications
Commission
FG frame ground FM frequency modulation FRU field-replaceable unit GB gigabyte GND ground HEX hexadecimal HGA Hercules Graphics Adapter Hz hertz IC integrated circuit ID identification IDE intelligent device electronics IDTR interrupt descriptor table
register
in. inch INTA interrupt acknowledge IPB illustrated parts breakdown IRR Interrupt Request register ISA Industry Standard Architecture ISR In Service register I/O input/output IPC integrated peripheral controller ips inches per second IRQ interrupt request
xvi Abbreviations
K kilo (1024) k kilo (1000) KB kilobyte kg kilogram kHz kilohertz lb pound LED light-emitting diode LSB least-significant bit LSI large-scale integration M mega mA milliamps max maximum MB megabyte MDA Monochrome Display Adapter MFM modified frequency modulation MHz megahertz mm millimeter
QFP quad flat pack RAM random-access memory RAMDAC RAM digital-to-analog RAS row address strobe RGB red green blue RGBI red green blue intensity ROM read-only memory rpm revolutions per minute R read RTC real-time clock R/W read/write S slave SG signal ground SIMM single inline memory module SVGA Super Video Graphics Array SW switch
TAC Technical Assistance Center ms millisecond MSB most-significant bit NASC National Authorized Service
Center
NC not connected NMI Non-maskable Interrupt ns nanosecond NSRC National Service Response
Center
PAL programmable array logic PC personal computer PCB printed circuit board PFP plastic flat package PIO parallel input/output pixel picture element PLCC plastic lead chip carrier PLL phase lock loop p-p peak-to-peak
TSC Technical Support Center
TTL transistor/transistor logic
tpi tracks per inch
V volt
Vdc volts, direct current
VESA video electronics standards
association
VGA Video Graphics Array
VRAM virtual RAM
W watt
W write
PPI programmable peripheral
interface
PROM programmable ROM

Section 1

Technical Information
The PowerMate Series includes the PowerMate 433D, PowerMate 466D, Power­Mate 466M, and PowerMate 4100M. The information in this manual applies to all models except where indicated. Models differ primarily in the chassis, and microprocessor.
This section provides an overview of the PowerMate Series hardware. The basic hardware for the system includes a system unit, keyboard, and mouse. The “D” in the model name refers to a desktop style chassis and the “M” refers to the minitower style chassis.
External interface connectors are located in the rear of the system unit and are identified in Section 2, Setup and Operation. Jumper settings for all of the internal boards are also pro­vided in Section 2. Appendix A provides the system unit connector pin assignments and Appendix B provides specifications.
An overview of each of the two system unit styles are described in the following subsec­tions.
DESKTOP SYSTEM UNIT
The desktop chassis provides an enclosure for the system board, power supply, four storage device slots, and a five-expansion-slot ISA/VESA Local Bus (VL-Bus™) backboard. The storage device slots accommodate a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive, a 3 1/2-inch hard disk (1-inch height), and two 5 1/4-inch storage devices (1.6-inch height). The system ships with a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive and a hard disk drive leaving two 5 1/4-inch storage device slots available for optional devices. All desktop models share the system unit features shown in Figure Section 1-1.
5 1/4-Inch Accessible Slots (available)
Power Button
Power Lamp Hard Disk Drive
Busy Lamp
Reset Button
3 1/2-Inch Accessible Slot (contains 1.44-MB diskette drive)
Figure Section 1-1 PowerMate Desktop System Unit Features
3 1/2-Inch Internal Hard Disk Drive Slot
1-2 Technical Information
MINITOWER SYSTEM UNIT
The minitower chassis provides an enclosure for the system board, power supply, five stor­age device slots, and five-expansion-slot ISA/VL-Bus backboard. The storage device slots accommodate a 3 1/2-inch diskette drive, a 3 1/2-inch hard disk (1-inch height), and three 5 1/4-inch storage devices (1.6-inch height). The system ships with a 3 1/2-inch diskette and a hard disk drive leaving three 5 1/4-inch storage device slots available for optional devices.
All minitower models share the system unit features shown in Figure Section 1-2.
Power Lamp
Hard Disk Drive Busy Lamp
Reset Button
Power Button
3 1/2-Inch Accessible slot (contains 1.44-MB diskette drive)
5 1/4-Inch Accessible slots
3 1/2-Inch Internal Slot (contains hard disk)
Figure Section 1-2 PowerMate Minitower System Unit Features
Technical Information 1-3
System Board
The system boards are similar, differing only in the processor. The system board contains a Flash ROM which is upgradeable through the BIOS Update utility (see Section 2).
Key features of the system board are listed below.
n processor
Intel486SX™-33 – PowerMate 433D™Intel486DX2™-66 – PowerMate 466D™Intel486DX2-66 – PowerMate 466M™Intel486DX4™-100 – PowerMate 4100M™
n support for Intel OverDrive™ processor upgrades n 4 megabytes (MB) of random access memory (RAM) in the SX an DX2 systems
and 8 MB in the DX4 systems accepts 36-bit (32-bit U.S. and Canada), 70-nano second (ns) single-inline
memory modules (SIMMs)
expandable to 128 MB
n 8-kilobyte (KB) primary cache (16 KB in the Intel486DX4) n optional 256-KB secondary cache module n Wingine video graphics array (VGA) controller and 32-bit Local Bus
supports 640 x 480 with 16.8 million colors (24-bit true color), 800 x 600
with 64 K colors 1024 x 768 resolution with 256 colors, and 1280 x 1024 resolution with 16 colors
1-MB (two 256K x 16) video dynamic RAM (DRAM), expandable to 2 MB128-KB (256K x 4) standard video cache, expandable 256-KB
n two intelligent drive electronics (IDE) interface connectors
one fast local bus IDE connector (primary interface) used by the hard disk
drive to transfer data at the hard disk's optimum rate
one standard IDE connector (secondary interface) for additional IDE devices
(not used)
1-4 Technical Information
n energy saving features: system switches to power save mode when idle for an es-
tablished amount of time
n 3 1/2-inch, 1.44-MB diskette drive n ISA/VL-Bus backboard providing four ISA and one ISA/VL-Bus expansion slots n external connectors providing an interface for the following external devices:
VGA-compatible monitorpersonal system/2 (PS/2®)-style mouse  PS/2-style keyboardenhanced capabilities port (ECP) for the parallel printertwo buffered serial ports
Table Section 1-1 lists the major chips on the system board. See Section 2, Setup and Op­eration, for a description of the system board's jumpers. See Appendix A, Connector Pin Assignments, for a list of the system board connectors.
Table Section 1-1 System Board Chips
Chip Description
486SX – PowerMate 433D 486DX2 – PowerMate 466D and
PowerMate 466M
486DX4 – PowerMate 4100M 28F010 128k x 8 Flash ROM VL82C483 System/cache/ISA Controller VL82C003 Interrupt, I/O controller VL82C114A Combination , I/O controller VL82C611 VL-Bus controller
64300 Wingine
33-MHz processor 33/66-MHz processor
33/100-MHz processor
VGA controller
Technical Information 1-5
Processor
The PowerMate systems use the following processors.
n PowerMate 433D – uses the 486SX with a 33 MHz clock speed n PowerMate 466D and 466M – use the 486DX2 with a 66-MHz internal clock
speed and a 33-MHz external clock speed.
n PowerMate 4100M – use the 486DX4 with a 100-MHz internal clock speed and a
33-MHz external clock speed.
The processors are advanced 32-bit processors designed to optimize multitasking operating systems. The 32-bit registers and data paths support 32-bit addresses and data types.
The processor is installed in a 237-pin, zero-insertion-force (ZIF) processor socket. This socket allows the installation of the 486SX, DX2 and DX4 processors and the next genera­tion of Intel OverDrive processors based on the Pentium core (PGA type package). When upgrading processors they must operate with and external clock of 25 or 33 MHz.
The 486DX2 is exactly like previous 486DXs except that it runs twice as fast internally. When the interface bus portion of the DX2 accesses main memory, executes I/O instruc­tions, or accesses one of the other chips on the system board, the DX2 operates at 33 MHz. The DX2 works at 66 MHz when accessing its internal registers, refers to a memory loca­tion alPowerMate mapped into its internal cache, or performs a floating-point operation and CPU operations.
The DX4 runs three times as fast internally. When the interface portion accesses external registers it operates at 33 MHz and works at 100 MHz when accessing its internal registers.
Secondary Cache
The 8-KB primary cache (16-KB of primary cache in the DX4) is integrated into the proc­essor. The system board provides an 80-pin SIMM socket for an optional 256 KB of sec­ondary cache, external to the processor. Cache memory improves read performance by holding copies of code and data that are frequently requested from the system memory by the processor. Cache memory is not considered part of the possible 128 MB of total mem­ory capacity.
The cache is connected directly to the processor address bus and uses physical addresses. A bus feature known as burst enables fast cache fills. Memory areas (pages) can be designated as cacheable or non-cacheable by software. The cache can also be enabled and disabled by software.
The write strategy of the cache (primary and secondary) is write-through. If the write is a cache hit, an external bus cycle is generated and information is written to the cache. Any area of memory can be cached in the system. Non-cacheable portions of memory are de­fined by software. The cache can be cleared by software instructions.
1-6 Technical Information
Flash ROM
Machine language programs are stored in a 28F010 Flash ROM known as the system's ROM BIOS. The system BIOS and video BIOS are contained in the ROM. The Flash ROM is 128 KB, which consists of 64 KB of system BIOS, and 32 KB of video BIOS.
The Flash ROM allows the BIOS to be upgraded with the BIOS Update utility without re­moving the ROM (see Section 2, Setup and Configuration). The BIOS can only be repro­grammed by powering on the system with the BIOS Update utility diskette in Drive A.
The BIOS programs execute the Power-On Self-Test, initialize processor controllers, and interact with the display, diskette drives, hard disks, communication devices, and peripher­als. The system BIOS also contains the Setup program and provides VGA controller sup­port. The hardware setup default copies the ROM BIOS into RAM (shadowing) for maximum performance.
System BIOS is located in the upper portion of the Flash ROM and video BIOS in the lower portion. System BIOS is located between F0000h-FFFFFh and supports shadowing and shadowed memory. System BIOS is write protected and automatically enabled.
Video BIOS is located between C0000h and C7FFFh. If the internal video is disabled, this range is mapped to ISA. The system memory map in shown in Table Section 1-2.
Table Section 1-2 System Memory Map
Memory Space Size Function
000000-07FFFF 512 KB Reserved for system base memory 080000-09FFFF 128 KB Mapped to either system base memory or ISA bus* 0A0000-0BFFFF 128 KB Mapped to either on-board video memory or ISA video memory 0C0000-0C7FFF 32 KB Mapped to either on-board video BIOS or ISA video BIOS 0C8000-0EFFFF 160 KB Mapped to ISA bus 0F0000-0FFFFF 64 KB Reserved for system BIOS 100000-FDFFFF 14.9 MB Reserved for Extended and/or Expanded system memory FE0000-FFFFFF 128 KB Mapped to ISA bus 1000000- On-Board 14.9 MB Reserved for Extended and/or Expanded system memory
*Always non-cachable.
Technical Information 1-7
Flash ROM supports the reprogramming of the system and built-in video BIOS. Software controls this feature via port 94h. Flash ROM programming writes to location 0F0000h­0FFFFFh. This range allows access to 64 KB of the 128 KB ROM. To write to the rest of the ROM, bit 3 of port 94h must be set. Again, writing to 0F0000h-0FFFFFh allows the rest of the ROM to be programmed. (Setting bit 3 on port 94h maps the 0F0000h to 0E0000h range.)
Power Management
Each computer system incorporates power management features that lowers power con­sumption when there is no activity detected from the keyboard, mouse, diskette drive, CD­ROM reader, or hard disk drive after a pre-defined period of time. As soon as activity is detected the system resumes where it left off.
When Power Management is enabled the computer automatically activates power-saving features and enters a sleep mode whenever inactivity is sensed. The computer's power­saving functions are as follows.
n Reduces the CPU clock speed
The CPU clock speed is changed from 33 MHz to 8 MHz (16 MHz in the PowerMate 4100M) to put the computer in sleep mode. The cache and video clocks are changed at the same time.
n Blanks out the monitor
Puts the video controller into sleep mode. The vertical sync clock and blank sig­nals to the monitor are disabled.
n Forces the IDE devices into stand-by mode
A suspend command is sent to the IDE devices which put the devices into a stand-by mode.
1-8 Technical Information
I/O Addressing
The processor communicates with I/O devices by I/O mapping. The hexadecimal (hex) ad­dresses of I/O devices are listed in Table Section 1-3.
Table Section 1-3 I/O Address Map
Address (Hex) I/O Device Name
000-01F DMA controller 1 (channel 0-3) 020-03F Interrupt controller 040-05F Timer 060-063 PPI (Programmable Peripheral Interface) keyboard, equipment switches,
timer 060-06F Keyboard controller 070-07F Real-time clock, CMOS memory, NMI mask
080 Manufacturer's diagnostic checkpoint
081-09F DMA page register 0A0-0AF NMI (non-maskable interrupt) mask 092 PS/2 alternate Fast A20 Gate, Hot Reset 094 Extended system port (NEC-specific hardware setup) 095 Extended system port (NEC-specific hardware setup) 097 Extended system port (NEC-specific hardware setup) 0A0-0BF Interrupt controller 2 0C0-0DF DMA controller 2 (channel 4-7) 0E0-0EF Reserved 170-177 2nd hard disk 1F0-1F7 1st hard disk 1F9-1FF Reserved 200-207 Game I/O adapter (not available) 278-27F 2nd parallel port (3rd with DMA) 2F8-2FF 2nd asynchronous communications port 370-377 Diskette controller 2 378-37F 1st parallel port (2nd with DMA)
3A0-3AF Primary bisynchronous communications port 3B0-3DF Video Graphics Array (VGA) 3B0-3BF Monochrome display adapter/printer 1
3C0-3CF Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA) 1
Technical Information 1-9
Table Section 1-3 I/O Address Map
Address (Hex) I/O Device Name
3D0-3DF Color/Graphics Adapter (CGA and EGA)
3F0-3F7 Diskette Controller 3F8-3FF Asynchronous Adapter Port 1
System Memory
The PowerMate 433D, 466D, and 466M system boards come standard with 4 MB of RAM. The PowerMate 4100M system board comes standard with 8 MB of RAM. The first mega­byte includes the standard 640 KB of base memory. The remaining memory is extended memory. Four SIMM sockets are integrated on the system board. In the 433D, 466D, and 466M, one socket contains a 4-MB SIMM and three sockets are empty for installing up to three additional SIMMs. The 4100M contains two 4-MB SIMMs and two sockets are empty for installing additional SIMMs. The maximum possible memory is 128 MB.
The SIMM memory sockets accept 4-, 8-, 16-, or 32-MB SIMMs. When the standard 4-MB SIMM is removed (8-MB in the 4100M), four 32-MB SIMMs may be installed for a total of 128 MB. High-speed RAM is 32 bits wide (no parity bits). SIMMs are 1 MB x 32 bit (4 MB), 4 MB x 32 bit (16 MB), and 8 MB x 32 bit (32 MB). There are no switches or jumpers to set when SIMMs are added.
CAUTION: SIMMs must match the tin metal plating used on the system board SIMM sockets. When adding SIMMs, use tin-plated SIMMs.
SIMMs install directly on the system board. Different size SIMMs may be intermixed. Each SIMM is inserted into a socket or bank. The standard 4 MB of memory is installed in bank 0 in the PowerMate 433D, 466D, and 466M. The PowerMate 4100M has two 4 MB SIMMs installed in banks 0 and 1. The system board's four SIMM sockets are assigned as banks 0 through 3. See Section 3, Options, for installation instructions and SIMM memory configurations.
Interrupt Controller
The interrupt controller operates as an interrupt manager for the entire AT system environ­ment. The controller accepts requests from peripherals, issues interrupt requests to the processor, resolves interrupt priorities, and provides vectors for the processor to determine which interrupt routine to execute. The interrupt controller has priority assignment modes that can be reconfigured at any time during system operations.
1-10 Technical Information
The interrupt levels are described in Table Section 1-4. Interrupt-level assignments 0 through 15 are in order of decreasing priority. See Section 2, Setup and Configuration, for information on changing the interrupts using Setup and jumpers.
Table Section 1-4 Interrupt Level Assignments
Interrupt Priority Interrupt Device
IRQ00 Counter/Timer IRQ01 Keyboard IRQ02 Cascade (INT output from slave) IRQ03 COM2* IRQ04 COM1* IRQ05 Available IRQ06 Diskette Drive Controller* IRQ07 Parallel Port 1* IRQ08 Real-time clock IRQ09 Available IRQ10 Available IRQ11 Available IRQ12 PS/2 mouse* IRQ13 Coprocessor IRQ14 Primary IDE (fast) IRQ15 Secondary IDE (standard)
*Industry standard locations
Video Controller
The 64300 Wingine DGX video controller with Local Bus video combines powerful ele­ments aimed at addressing the requirements of personal computer designs. State of the art techniques have been added for optimizing performance in computer graphic intensive ap­plications and graphical user interfaces (GUI). A variety of industry standard 32-bit local bus interfaces are integrated on chip, including VESA Local Bus (VL-Bus). The key is that local bus interfaces are 32-bit wide.
Included in the video controller are cost saving features such as an integrated palette DAC and clock synthesizer along with integrated support for multiple bus interfaces and flexible DRAM-based display memory configurations.
Technical Information 1-11
The 64300 video controller supports XRAM Accelerator Cache, power management, flash ROM, and a linearly mapped display.
The XRAM Accelerator Cache is a breakthrough in performance technology. By using one standard 256K x 4 fast page DRAM, a proprietary algorithm implemented in the 64300 sig­nificantly increases graphics system performance. Performance never before achieved in standard dram-based graphics architectures.
When using the 64300 Wingine DGX, a system host CPU’s performance is enhanced and a significant improvement will be observed in the display. Other DRAM-based graphics accel­erators gain some degree of performance which, while measurable, is not as significant nor as noticeable on the display.
The TrueColor RAMDAC provides 24-bit true color. The integrated dual clock synthesizer allows full programmability of MCLK (memory clock) and PCLK (pixel clock). The inte­grated clock synthesizer supports frequencies from 390 kHz to 120 MHz. The 64300 sup­ports up to 2 MB of display memory. The video memory is 256K x 16 Fast Page Mode DRAM. Display memory is linearly mapped up to 2 MB.
The VESA display power management signaling (DPMS) standard is supported, enabling stand-by, suspend, and off power saving modes. This includes the ability to independently stop HSYNC of VSYNC and hold them at a static level. Additionally the RAMDAC may be powered-down and the clock frequencies lowered for further power savings. Color Key and video overlay are supported.
1-12 Technical Information
Video Memory
The 1 MB of on-board video DRAM is expandable to 2 MB and provides graphic resolu­tions of or 640 x 480 with 16.8 million colors, 800 x 600 with 64K colors, 1024 x 768 with 256 colors, or 1280 x 1024 with 16 colors. Table Section 1-5 and Table Section 1-6 pro­vide the different display modes for the video controller.
Table Section 1-5 Text Modes
Mode (Hex)
1
00
2
00
3
00
1
01
2
01
3
01
1
02
2
02
3
02
1
03
2
03
3
03
4
07
3
07
5
60
5
24
Colors
Column/
Rows
Buffer
Resolution
Video Clock (MHz)
Horiz Sync (kHz)
Vert Sync (Hz)
16 (grey) 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16 (grey) 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 350 28.3 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 360 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 350 28.2 31.7 70 16 40 x 25 B8000 360 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 16(grey) 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16(grey) 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 350 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 200 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 350 28.2 31.7 70 16 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 400 28.2 31.7 70 mono 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 350 28.2 31.5 70 mono 80 x 25 B8000 720 x 400 28.2 31.5 70 16 132 x 25 B8000 1056 x 400 40.0 30.5 67.5 16 132 x 30 B8000 1056 x 400 40.0 30.5 67.5
1CGA-style text mode with 8x8 character size and 200 lines vertical resolution.
2
EGA-style text mode with 8x14 and 9x14 character sizes and 350 lines vertical resolution.
3
VGA-compatible text mode with 9x16 character size and 400 lines vertical resolution.
4
MDA- style text mode with 9x14 character sizes and 350 lines vertical resolution.
5
Enhanced VGA mode.
Technical Information 1-13
Table Section 1-6 Graphic Modes
Mode (Hex)
1
04
1
05
1
06
1
0D
1
0E
2
0F
2
10
2
11
2
12
2
13
2
20
2
22
2,3
24
2
30
2
32
2,3
34
2,3
38
2
40
2
41
2,
42
2,
43
2,3
44
2,3
45
2
50
2
6A
2
70
2,3
75
3
76
2
78
2
79
Colors
Column /Rows
Buffer
Resolution
Video Clock (MHz)
Horiz Sync (kHz)
Vert Sync (Hz)
4 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 4 40 x 25 B8000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 2 80 x 25 B8000 640 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 16 40 x 25 A0000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 mono 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 350 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 350 25.2 31.5 70 2 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 25.2 31.5 60 256 40 x 25 A0000 320 x 200 25.2 31.5 70 16 80 x 30 B8000 640 x 480 40.0 30.5 60 16 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 25.2 31.5 60 16 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 32.6 31.5 73 256 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 36.0 35.5 56 256 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 40.0 38.0 60 256 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 50.4 48.4 73 256 80 x 25 A0000 1280 x 1024 25.2 31.5 70 32k 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 25.2 31.5 60 64k 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 32.6 31.5 73 32k 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 25.2 31.5 70 64k 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 36.0 35.5 56 32k 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 40.0 38.0 60 64k 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 50.4 48.4 73 16M 80 x 30 A0000 640 x 480 44.9 35.5 87 16 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 65.0 49.0 61 16 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 72.0 56.6 70 16 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 44.9 35.5 87 16 160 x 64 A0000 1280 x 1024 72.0 56.6 70 256 80 x 25 A0000 640 x 400 72.0 56.6 70 256 80 x 30 A0000 640 x480 44.9 35.5 87
1-14 Technical Information
Table Section 1-6 Graphic Modes
Mode (Hex)
2
7C
2,3
7E
18x8 charactor size
2
8x16 charactor size
3
Interlaced
Colors
256 100 x 37 A0000 800 x 600 72.0 56.6 70 256 128 x 48 A0000 1024 x 768 80.0 48.1 87
Column /Rows
Buffer
Resolution
Video Clock (MHz)
Horiz Sync (kHz)
Vert Sync (Hz)
ISA/VL-Bus Backboard
The ISA/VL-Bus backboard provides four ISA expansion slots and one Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) Local Bus (VL-Bus) slots. The backboard is plugged into two bus connectors on the system board.
ISA Bus
The system board uses the ISA bus for transferring data between the processor and I/O pe­ripherals and expansion boards. The ISA bus supports 8- and 16-bit data transfers and typi­cally operates at 8.33 MHz. A connector is provided on the system board for attaching the ISA/VL-Bus backboard.
VL-Bus
The VL-Bus provides an interface between the system's local bus and a VL-Bus option board (graphics adapters, disk controllers, network cards, and so on). The VL-Bus uses a standard 32-bit VESA connector and conforms with the VESA 1.1 local bus specification, providing a set of standards that ensure compatible VL-Bus option boards. The boards op­erate at the system clock speed (33 MHz) with 0 wait states. The VL-Bus slot can support bus masters simultaneously.
Option boards on the VL-Bus can send and receive data much faster on the local bus than on the ISA bus. The VL-Bus runs at the system's clock speed (33 MHz) instead of the stan­dard ISA bus speed (8 MHz). Also, the Local Bus provides a wider bus width (32 bits) than the standard ISA bus width (16 bits).
The VL-Bus slot is used in conjunction with an ISA bus slot. This feature allows a VL-Bus option board full access to the ISA bus. For example, the VL-Bus option board may utilize the parallel port via the ISA bus, or use the ISA bus REFRESH signal. Use of the ISA bus is optional, as the VL-Bus has all signals needed to fully support a VL-Bus option board.
Technical Information 1-15
Parallel Interface
The system has a 25-pin parallel port on the system board. Specifications for this port con­form to the IBM-PC standards.
The BIOS has automatic ISA printer port sensing. If the BIOS detects an ISA printer port mapped to the same address, the built-in printer port is disabled. The BIOS also sets the first parallel interface port it finds as LPT1 and the second port it finds as LPT2. The inter­rupt is selected to either IRQ5 or IRQ7 via the Setup and jumper settings.
Interrupt levels for the parallel port are given in Table Section 1-7. Software selectable base addresses are 3BCh, 378h, and 278h.
Parallel interface signals are output through the system board's 25-pin, D-subconnector. The connector is located at the rear of the system unit. Pin locations for the parallel interface connector are shown in Appendix A.
NOTE: Any interrupts used for the built-in par- allel port is not available for ISA parallel ports.
Table Section 1-7 Parallel Port Addressing and Interrupts
Starting I/O Address Interrupt Level Port
378 IRQ05 LPT1 278 IRQ05 LPT1 or LPT2 3BC IRQ05 LPT1 or LPT2 378* IRQ07 LPT1 278 IRQ07 LPT1 or LPT2 3BC IRQ07 LPT1 or LPT2
*Default for parallel port
1-16 Technical Information
Serial Interface
The system has two standard serial ports (COM1 and COM2). The serial ports support the standard RS-232C interface (16550 compatible). I/O addresses and interrupt levels for the two channels are given in Table Section 1-8. The interrupt is selectable via Setup to either IRQ3 or IRQ4. Software selectable base addresses are 3F8h, 2F8h, 3E8h, and 2E8h. Serial interface signals are output through the system board's 9-pin, D-subconnector. The con­nectors are located at the rear of the system unit. Pin locations for the serial interface con­nector are shown in Appendix A
NOTE: Any interrupts used for the built-in serial ports are not available for ISA parallel ports.
Table Section 1-8 Serial Port Addressing and Interrupts
Starting I/O Address Interrupt Level Port
3F8 IRQ04 COM1 2F8* IRQ03 COM2 3E8 IRQ04 COM3 2E8 IRQ03 COM4
*Default for serial port
Serial interface specifications include:
n Baud rate up to 19.2 KB per second n Word length - 5, 6, 7, or 8 bits n Stop bit - 1, 1.5, or 2 bits n Start bit - 1 bit n Parity bit - 1 bit (odd parity or even parity).
Indicator Panel
The indicator panel is attached to the front panel and contains the power lamp, hard disk drive busy lamp, and reset button. The indicator panel attaches to the system board using connector P5 (reset connector), P7 (hard disk drive busy lamp connector), and P15 (power lamp connector).
Technical Information 1-17
POWER SUPPLY
The power supply is mounted inside the system unit. It supplies power to the system board, option boards, diskette drives, hard disks, keyboard, and mouse. Two connectors connect the power supply to the system board. A fan inside the power supply provides proper ven­tilation for the system. The power supply in the desktop supplies 145W of power. The minitower power supply provides 200W. Power requirements and specifications for both power supplies are provided in Appendix C.
DISKETTE DRIVE
Up to two diskette drives are supported in the system. The drives are connected by a single ribbon cable with two drive connectors. The system refers to the diskette drives as A and B. Drive A is for the first drive, B is for a second optional diskette drive. The diskette drive cable plugs directly into the system board. Typically both diskette drive are terminated. See Section 3, Options, for installing an optional 5 1/4-inch diskette drive.
Specifications for the diskette drives are provided in Appendix B, Specifications.
HARD DISK DRIVE
The system provides IDE interface connectors on the system board. The system board sup­ports up to two IDE devices on the standard connector and two IDE devices on the fast lo­cal bus IDE connector. The system unit provides one storage slot for a 3 1/2-inch hard disk (1-inch height), and one available storage slots for a optional 5 1/4-inch device (1.6-inch height). See Section 3, Options, for installing an optional hard disk drive.
Specifications for the diskette drives are provided in Appendix B, Specifications.
KEYBOARD
The PS/2-style keyboard is standard equipment for the system. The keyboard provides a numeric keypad, separate cursor control keys, and 12 function keys, capable of up to 48 functions. Status lamps on the keyboard indicate: Num (Numeric) Lock, Caps (Capital) Lock, and Scroll Lock key status. The keyboard's six-pin connector is plugged into the rear of the base unit. The PS/2-style keyboard connector pin assignments are given in Appen­dix A, Connector Pin Assignments.
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