MTI WCAP6220CSU Users Manual
NTPM99CA
Nortel Networks
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220
User Guide
Preliminary Release 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
What’s inside?
About this document
Overview
Planning your WLAN network
Installation
Configuration
Administration
Troubleshooting
Appendix
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or
transmitter.
2
Copyright © 2004 Nortel Networks
All rights reserved. July 2004.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, whether electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior writing of the
publisher.
Nortel Networks and the Nortel Networks logo are trademarks of Nortel Networks, Inc.
Multi-Region Product Documentation
This document may describe features that are not available in your region due to local regulations.
Compliances
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15
of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with instructions, may cause harmful and, if not installed and used in accordance with instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that the interference will
not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception,
which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference
by one or more of the following measures:
. • Reorient the receiving antenna
. • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
. • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected
. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help
FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example - use only shielded interface cables when connecting
to computer or peripheral devices). Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1)
This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
When installing the unit, choose a location that provides a minimum separation of 20 cm from all persons during
normal operation.
The transmitted power of the APU and CSU does not exceed 36 dBm.
Publication history
August 2004
Issue 1. Issued for WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 Release 1
November 2004
Issue 2. Issued for WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 Release 1
3
Content s
ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT 5
OVERVIEW 13
I
P
APU (ACCESS POINT UNIT) 17
CSU (CORPORATE SERVICE UNIT) 22
PLANNING YOUR WLAN NETWORK 27
S
WIRELESS NETWORK PLANNING 29
INSTALLATION 31
4
NTRODUCTION 13
RODUCT DESCRIPTION 15
ITE SURVEY & PLANNING 28
APU INSTALLATION & CONFIGURATION 34
P
ROCEDURE 1-1 34
P
ROCEDURE 1-2 35
PROCEDURE 1-3 40
PROCEDURE 1-4 41
P
ROCEDURE 1-5 43
PROCEDURE 1-6 50
ROCEDURE 1-7 51
P
P
ROCEDURE 1-8 53
CSU INSTALLATION & CONFIGURATION 55
P
ROCEDURE 2-1 56
P
ROCEDURE 2-2 58
CONFIGURATION 61
S
OFTWARE INSTALLATION (AP CONFIGURATOR) 62
PROCEDURE 3-1 64
PROCEDURE 3-2 69
P
ROCEDURE 3-3 75
PROCEDURE 3-4 84
PROCEDURE 3-5 88
P
ROCEDURE 3-6 123
ADMINISTRATION 165
AVE CONFIGURATION 166
S
L
OAD NEW CONFIGURATION 167
LOAD NEW LICENSE 168
TROUBLESHOOTING 175
5
APPENDIX A. SPECIFICATION 182
APPENDIX B. DOCSIS SPECIFICATION 187
APPENDIX C. ANTENNA TYPE 189
NTA.2407
NTA.2412 BIDIRECTIONAL ANTENNA 190
NTA.2400
ET-PR12 BUILT-IN PANEL ANTENNA 192
APPENDIX D. ENCLOSURE DIMENSION 193
APPENDIX E. SITE SURVEY 195
APPENDIX F. WIRELESS NETWORK PLANNING 206
PANEL ANTENNA 189
OMNI DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA 191
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
About this document
This document describes the system features used in the WLAN Cable Access
Point 6220 Release 1.0 Product.
Topics covered include the following:
• Overview
Introduction
Product Description
APU (Access Point Unit)
CSU (Corporate Services Unit)
• System Planning
Site Survey & Planning
Wireless Network Designing
• Installation
APU Hardware Installation
CSU Hardware Installation
• Configuration
APU in Hot Spot Mode (802.11b)
APU in Secure Data Mode (P2P, P2M)
CSU in Secure Data Mode (P2P, P2M)
Testing Connection between APU and CSU
• Advanced Configuration
System Administration Tasks
Save configuration
Edit configuration
Load new configuration
Upload new license
• Troubleshooting
6
Audience
The intended audience for this document includes:
• Installers
•
Technicians
•
Nnetwork planners
Network & system engineers
•
• Network administrators
List of Abbreviations
AP Access Point
APU Access Point Unit
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit
BPSK Binary Phase-Shift Keying
CATV Community Antenna Television
CM Cable Modem
CMTS Cable Modem Termination System
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CSU Corporate Service Unit
DBPSK Differential Binary Phase-Shift Keying
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications
DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
DVM Digital Volt Ohm Meter
EAP Extensible Authentic ation Protocol
EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FCS Frame Check Sequence
FTP File Transfer Protocol
HFC Hybrid Fiber Coax
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical equipment
ISP Internet Service Provider
ITU International Telecommunication Union
LOS Line of Sight
MAC Media Access Control
MIB Management Information Base
NAS Network Access Server
NAT Network Address Translation
7
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
8
NLOS Non Line of Sight
NMS Network Management System
NWID Network ID
OLOS Optical Line of Sight
ONU Optical Network Unit
PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PI Power Inserter
POE Power over Ethernet
PSU Power Supply Unit
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Services
RF Radio Frequency
RIP Routing Information Protocol
SEC Super Ethernet Converter
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SNMP Single Network Management Protocol
SNR Signal to Noise Ratio
SSID Service Set Identification
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TLS Transport Layer Security
TTL Time to Live
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UNII Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy
Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Technical Support and Information
If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a
distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support for that
distributor or reseller for assistance.
If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program, contact Nortel Networks
Technical Support as indicated in the following table.
Internet http://www.nortelnetworks.com/cgi-
bin/comments/comments.cgi
Telephone 1-800-4NORTEL (1-800-466-7835)
FCC Conformance
9
• Click on Technical Support
• Select Online Support
• Open a Customer Service Request online
• Call 1-800-4NORTEL
• Find the nearest Technical Solutions Center
• Enter ERC (Express Routing Code) if it is
available
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference.
And (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference
that may cause understand operation.
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Safety guidelines
This chapter contains safety guidelines that you must follow for personal safety
and for the correct handling and operation of equipment.
Warning and safety precautions
To prevent personal injury, equipment damage, or service interruption, follow
all precautionary messages found in WLAN Cable Access Point 6220
documentation and the safety procedures established by your company.
The following precautionary messages appear in WLAN Cable Access Point
6220 documentation:
The graphic symbol of an exclamation point within an equilateral triangle warns
the user of the device that it is necessary to refer to the instruction manual and its
warnings for proper operation of the unit.
10
Summary of Warning and Safety Precautions
MAKE SURE THAT POWER SUPPLIER IN HFC NETWORK IS TURNED OFF
PRIOR TO CONNECTING THE COAXIAL CABLE TO THE CABLE ENTRY
CONNECTOR ON APU ENCLOSURE.
DO NOT FASTEN OR UNFASTEN THE COAXIAL CABLE CONNECTOR ON THE
APU WITH UNDER THE UNIT POWERED.
DO NOT CONNECT OR INJECT ANY AC POWER EXCEPT CATV UPS/POWER
SUPPLY. SUCH A MISTAKE WILL CAUSE APU TO BE SERIOUSLY DAMAGED.
REFER SERVICING TO A QUALIFIED TECHNICIAN TO REDUCE THE RISK OF
ELECTRIC SHOCK WHEN THE UNIT DOES NOT APPEAR TO OPERATE
NORMALLY OR EXHIBITS A MARKED CHANGE IN PERFORMANCE.
WHEN INSTALLING THE UNIT, CHOOSE A LOCATION THAT PROVIDES A
MINIMUM SEPARATION OF 20 cm FROM ALL PERSONS DURING NORMAL
OPERATION.
THE APU AND CSU SHALL BE INSTALLED BY A PROFESSIONAL FIELD
TECHNICIAN
BOTH TYPES OF UNITS SHOULD BE INSTALLED BY A PROFESSIONAL FIELD
TECHNICIAN TO REMOVE THE POSSIBILITY OF INCORRECT INSTALLATION
FOR APU AND CSU.
11
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS UNIT TO RAIN, MOISTURE OR DUST UNCOVERED.
BE SURE NOT TO BE SITUATED NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SOURCES.
MAKE SURE THAT ALL BOLTS ON THE ENCLOSURE ARE TIGHTENED FIRMLY
SO THAT WATER DOES NOT ENTER THE UNIT.
BE SURE THAT ALL CONNECTORS ARE CONNECTED TO THE UNIT AND THE
RF CABLE HAS BEEN PROTECTED BY THE WATER-PROOF CAP.
BE SURE THAT THE POWER SUPPLY UNIT THAT PROVIDES AC POWER TO
THE APU OPERATES WITHIN THE GUIDELINES IN THIS MANUAL.
IF YOU ARE NOT SURE OF THE TY PE OF POWER SUPPLIED TO YOUR UNIT,
CONSULT YOUR LOCAL NORTEL NETWORKS REPRESENTATIVE OR
NETWORK SERVICE COMPANY.
BE SURE THAT THE RADIO ANTENNA IS LOCATED AWAY FROM ALL POWER
FACILITIES SUCH AS CABLE OR POWER SUPPLIERS.
NEVER PUSH OBJECTS OF ANY KIND INTO THE UNIT. IT MAY TOUCH
DANGEROUS VOLTAGE POINTS OR SHORT-OUT PARTS THAT COULD CAUSE
AN ELECTRIC SHOCK.
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO HANDLE THE UNIT YOURSELF. WITHOUT FULL
KNOWLEDGE OF THE OPERATIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE APU
PRODUCT AS OPENING OR REMOVING COVERS MAY EXPOSE YOU TO
DANGEROUS VOLTAGE OR OTHER HAZARDS.
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Overview
Introduction
This document describes the system features used in the WLAN Cable Access
Point 6220 Release 1.0 Product.
The Wireless LAN Cable Access Point 6220 is an outdoor hardened, strandmountable access point solution designed to extend the reach of the cable
operators’ hybrid fiber coax network utilizing wireless technologies from
existing rights of ways. This solution from Nortel Networks provides cable
operators a fast, low-cost alternative for delivering service to new customers by
eliminating the time, permits, and construction costs associated with extending
aerial or buried drops.
The WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 solution provides:
Flexible service platform
The WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 is a flexible service platform giving cable
operators the ability to offer many different wireless services such as Public Hot
Spots and Commercial High Speed Data services.
Standard Compliance and Interoperability
The WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 utilizes standard-compliant DOCSIS
cable modems, thus ensuring interoperability with the existing cable network.
Wireless access is accomplished using industry-standard IEEE 802.11 radios
approved by government regulatory agencies for use in “unlicensed” ISM
frequencies.
TM
13
14
Security
Security is of the highest importance when delivering wireless services. The
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 adheres to industry standards for 802.11
devices and augments those standards with additional security features designed
to provide both the cable operator and the end-user maximum protection.
Performance optimization via multiple antenna options
Nortel Networks provides antenna options specifically engineered to enable the
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 to achieve peak link performance in Line of
Sight (LOS) and Near LOS applications.
Ease of installation
Designed for simple, fast installation by professional technicians, the WLAN
Cable Access Point 6220 is installed in a simple three-step procedure: lock down
strand clamps, connect power via coax drop, and attach and align antenna for
service optimization
Figure 1-1
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 Service Concept Diagram
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Product Description
Table 1-1
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 Products
PEC DESCRIPTION
APU
NTPM99AC APU,2.4G,B RADIO,Cable Modem,NA,6Mhz
NTPM99AE KIT APU,2.4G,FP ANTENNA, 14 dB gain,NA,6Mhz
NTPM99AF KIT APU,2.4G,OMNI ANTENNA, 7dB gain,NA,6Mhz
NTPM99AP KIT APU, 2.4G, 2412N ANTENNA, 9dB peak,NA,6Mhz
NTPM99AR APU,2.4G,B RADIO,Cable Modem,8Mhz
Accessories
NTPM99EA APU Antenna Mounting Kit
NTPM99EB Flat Panel Antenna connection cable SMA(M) to N(M)
NTPM99EC OMNI Antenna connection cable N(M) to N(M)
NTPM99ED Antenna - Flat panel 14 dB gain
NTPM99EE Antenna - Omni directional 7dB gain
NTPM99EF Antenna - 2412 Bi DIrectional
NTPM99EG CSU MOUNT I NG KIT
CSU
NTPM99BC CSU,2.4G,B RADIO,Flat Panel, NA, 6Mhz
NTPM99BJ CSU,POE INJECTOR
NTPM99BK CSU,2.4G,B RADIO, Flat Panel (EU)
Documentation
NTPM99CA R1.0 WLAN6220 CAP DOC,PAPER
NTPM99CB R1.0 WLAN6220 CAP DOC,CD
Software
NTPM99DA R1.0 WLAN6220 CAP SOFTWARE,CD
NTPM99DB CERTIFICAT,WLAN6220,R1.0,1/APU
NTPM99DC CERTIFICAT,WLAN6220,R1.0,1/CSU
APU Software Licenses
NTPM99FA RTU,SDM,WLAN6220,1/APU
NTPM99FB RTU Hotspot, WLAN6220, 1/APU
NTPM99GA SLU,WLAN6220,1/APU
NTPM99GB NSLU,WLAN6220,1/APU
CSU Software Licenses
NTPM99HA RTU,SDM,WLAN6220,1/CSU
NTPM99JA SLU,WLAN6220,1/CSU
NTPM99JB NSLU,WLAN6220,1/CSU
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WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
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Figure 1-2
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 APU Package Components
Figure 1-3
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 CSU Package Components
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
APU (Access Point Unit)
The following is a list of WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 APU features:
• Enclosure has three sorts of connectors which support the connection to
CATV Cable Network, Antenna and Monitoring Equipment.
• Coaxial Port has the standard type of connector that can be efficiently
adapted to every connector regardless of the termination type of coaxial
cable such as “Trunk or Drop Cable”
• Operation Power and Data Traffic are mixed at a signal amplifier as TBA
(Trunk Bridge Amplifier), PI (Power Inserter) and supplied to the coaxial
port on the APU through coaxial cable.
• Monitoring Port can provide the safe testing method for measuring CATV
signal to an installation engineer by attenuating RF power and protect AC
power signal.
• Basically, two kinds of mounting types are available for the APU, such as a
steel wire strand mounting and wall mounting, but in case of wall
mounting, another optional bracket kit will be needed for installation.
• The three available antennas are ‘Directional Type’, ’Bi-directional Type’
and ‘Omni-directional Type’, which can be mounted on the front or rear
cover of the APU with a Universal Bracket.
• Cable Modem Module is compliant to DOCSIS 2.0(Cablelabs) as well as
DOCSIS 1.1 and WLAN AP support the secure mode connection which
means that wireless traffic from APU and CSU is not scanned and detected
by a conventional sniffing program like ‘Netstumbler’.
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WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
18
Figure 1-4
APU (Top head)
Figure 1-5
APU (Bottom)
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Figure 1-6
Inner Panel (APU)
19
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
20
Figure 1-7
APU (Back)
Figure 1-8
APU System Structure and Signal Flow
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
21
Table 1-2. Modules and Connectors (APU)
Item Label Description & Function
1 Clamp Module Provide strand mounting function to APU, Strand Clamp and Mount Bosses
2 Lid Bolt Lid Bolt for closing a case of APU enclosure
3 Antenna Mount Hole Screw Holes for mounting a APU antenna with a universal bracket
4 Reserved Port Reserved Location for a future upgrade and revision
5 Logo Panel Location for Nortel networks Logo
6 Cable Entry Port Port for coaxial cable connection. Trunk and Drop termination types are supported
7 Cable Adaptor Coaxial Adaptor Port to connect F-type Drop cable to APU Cable Entry Port
8 Monitoring Port Port reserved for safe testing of Cable RF signal. The signal on this port is attenuated by 20 dB
9 Antenna Port Port for antenna connection
10 LED Panel Provide the information for system operation status through LED Display
11 LED1(Power) Indicate Power is turned on
ON Indicate a valid cable modem operation
12 LED2(Link #1)
Flash Indicate that cable modem is linked up on the HFC network
ON Indicates a Ethernet link between access point and cable modem
13 LED3(Link #2)
Flash Indicates that the access point is transmitting or receiving data
14 LED4(Radio #1)
15 Reserved Reserved location for a future upgrade
Antenna Mount Hole
16
Grounding Hole
17 Label Location for attaching a product label which include S/N,PEC,MAC address and so on
18 Access Point Mini-PCI type III Radio Card, System Board(Wi-Fi & Secure Data Mode TM)
19 Cable Modem DOCSIS 2.0 compliant cable modem
20 HFC Filter Split a HFC Signal and AC power from the combined signal
21 PSU AC to DC Power converter
22 Case Housing case which can be mounted on strand and antenna mounting bracket
23 Antenna
24 Inner Panel Cover Panel to secure the main system boards(WLAN AP, Cable Modem)
25 USB Port USB type port for testing the Cable Modem Module
26 DC Connector 3-pin connector to supply DC power to system board from Power Converter
27 Ethernet Port Port to connect APU to laptop/PC for testing purpose
28 Reset S/W Switch to reset the system to default settings
29 Cable Modem LED Indicate the full status of Cable Modem
30 Access Point LED Indicate the full status of Access Point
ON Indicates the 802.11b radio is enabled and operating
Flash Indicate that a frame is transmitted or received on the radio port
Screw Holes for mounting a APU antenna with a universal bracket and grounding the APU
enclosure
2.4GHz Radio Frequency Antenna (Flat Panel, Omni-directional and Bi-directional).
APU antenna can be mounted on the front or rear cover of APU with universal bracket.
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
22
CSU (Corporate Service Unit)
The following is a list of WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 CSU features:
• Enclosure has a POE connection interface and a DC Power Adapter Jack at
the bottom of the CSU.
• Operation Power & Data Traffic are mixed at POE Injector and supplied to
the Ethernet Port on the CSU through CAT5 Cable.
• Two types of mounting alternatives are available, pole mount and wall
mount. If wall mount is used a mounting kit will be required.
• The antenna is basically a Flat Panel type which is a built-in CSU body
protected by a plastic material RADOME.
• WLAN AP supports the secure mode connection which means that wireless
traffic from APU and CSU is not scanned and detected by a conventional
sniffing program like ‘Netstumbler’.
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Figure 1-9
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 CSU (Bottom)
23
Figure 1-10
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 CSU (Front)
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
24
Figure 1-11
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 CSU (Back)
Figure 1-12
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 CSU
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Table 1-3. Modules and Connectors (CSU)
Item Label Description & Function
1 Antenna Radome Protective Cover designed to contain a built-in antenna
2 Enclosure(Body) Housing Integrated with an Antenna Case Assembly
3 Logo Panel Location for Nortel networks Logo
4 DC Power Socket Provide DC power(12V) from AC-DC Adaptor to CSU
5 Ethernet Port(POE) Provide data connection between CSU and POE Injector or LAN Switch
6 EMI Cap
7 Ground Point Location for grounding the enclosure to earth for protecting the product from damage
8 Label(Front) Location for attaching a product label which include S/N,PEC,MAC address and so on
9 Label(Back) Location for attaching a product label which include S/N,PEC,MAC address and so on
10 Access Point Mini-PCI type III Radio Card, System Board(Wi-Fi & Secure Mode TM)
11 POE Splitter Power Module to divide Ethernet Signal and DC power combined signal from POE Injector
12 POE Injector Provide 802.3af based signal to CSU through Ethernet Port on CSU
13 Bracket Hole Bolt Hole for assembly of mounting bracket
14 Built-in Antenna 2.4GHz Radio Frequency Antenna (Flat Panel)
EMI Cap designed to prevent CSU from interfering to or from other devices
Additionally, provide water proof feature accompanied by sealing tape
25
THE 12V POWER CONNECTOR IS NOT INTENDED FOR FIELD USE. THIS
SOCKET IS ONLY APPLICABLE FOR A SPECIAL USE AT FACTORY OR
REPAIR FACILITY.
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Planning your WLAN Network
The wireless network is much different than a wired network. The
Installation of a wireless network requires some additional planning.
This planning includes RF Link Engineering like RF Path planning, site
selection, and back-bone network preparation.
The radio links between all end sites are specified as three types of
environmental connection as listed below:
LOS(Line Of Sight)
OLOS(Optical LOS)
NLOS(Non LOS)
Because High Frequency Radio travels in a straight forward line, a clear
LOS(line-of-sight) between antennas is efficient and ideal. Frequently,
locations of the desired links are fixed.
When you cannot achieve a clear line-of-sight, you must plan according
to basic consideration:
The Basic considerations for sites include:
▪ Installation Facility must be constructed (Electric Pole, Tower)
▪ Possibility of future obstructions
- Trees that may obstruct the path
- Buildings between the sites that may obstruct the path
▪ Lightening
▪ Distance between sites and Network Structure
▪ Strong RF interference
27
28
Site Survey & Planning
Definition
A site survey is a task-by-task process by which the surveyor discovers
the RF behavior, coverage, interference, and determines proper hardware
placement in a facility. The site survey’s primary objective is to ensure
that mobile workers and the wireless LAN’s clients experience
continuously strong RF signal as they move around the facility.
Items
• Facilities Analysis
• Existing Networks
• Area Usage & Towers
• Purpose & Business Requirements
• Bandwidth & Roaming Requirements
• Available Resources
• Security Requirements
• Preparation Exercises
• Preparation Checklist
Site Survey Equipment
• Corporate service unit(CSU) with POE Injector
• Laptop and/or PDA
• Wireless PC card with driver & utility software
• Battery pack charger & DC-to AC converter
• Site survey utility software (loaded on laptop or PDA)
• Clipboard, pen, pencils, notebook paper, grid paper, & highlighter
• Blueprints & network diagrams
• Outdoor antennas(Omni-directional, Patch, Bi-directional)
• Cables & connectors
• Specialized software or hardware such as a spectrum analyzer
• Digital camera for taking pictures of particular locations within a
facility
• Variable attenuator
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Wireless Network Planning
Procedure 1 (Location)
1. Select and identify enough location candidates to determine freely as
the install point regardless of some design change to some extent.
2. The most crucial parameter is the range at which APU and CSU or
other Wi-Fi Client is required to operate. The range can be
determined by a conventional formula which consider a various kinds
of environmental and radio equipment.
3. Another consideration in installing APU and CSU is the network
connection like a CATV Coaxial Cable and CAT5 Ethernet Cable.
Even though some locations are the best location in terms of RF
performance, the actual installed location is restricted by limited
cable reach.
29
Procedure 2 (Radio Link Path)
1. Choose the proper antenna type with a site survey result.
2. For best performance, mount the APU and CSU in a location where
there is LOS (Line Of Sight) to each antenna.
3. Perform the field survey to summarize every obstacle like tree and
earth bulge in consideration of OLOS (Optical LOS).
4. With the site survey result, adjust the tilt and angle of antenna so that
there is maximum clearance within the FRESNEL ZONE of the
direct path.
Note: The best means of achieving FRESNEL ZONE clearance is to
raise the height of APU or CSU mounting point as high as possible
5. In order to get the more exact information on RF radio link path,
calculate the Link Budget for Radio Link between APU and CSU
which is referred in the end of this section.
Note: The link budget is a rough calculation of all known elements of the
link to determine whether the signal will have the proper strength to the
other end of the link.
Procedure 3 (RF Channel Selection)
1. Check all range of channels by RF measurement with Frequency
Analyzer in order to see the interference effect with APU and CSU.
Actually, RF interference is likely to arise from any other wireless
system operating within the same frequency band as ISM/UNII Band
Radio Products.
Note: The final selection of operating channel should be done with the
testing results of both APU and CSU.
Procedure 4 (Radio Performance Tuning)
Please refer to the Radio Link Test
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
Installation
General
This section provides a complete set of procedures for the installation of
WLAN 6220 equipment. It includes cable assembling information as
well as required connection information for the WLAN 6220 units,
mounting and powering instructions.
It is intended for use by trained installers familiar with CATV or Cable
Modem and Wireless installations.
For technical assistance, contact your next level of support or Nortel
Networks according to the information available in Technical Support
and Information section.
Installation Procedure Summary
31
APU (Access Point Unit)
32
CSU (Corporate Service Unit)
Required Tools and Materials
Before you install the WLAN Cable Access Point 6220, ensure you have
the following:
APU
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 APU package does not contain an
antenna and universal antenna bracket kit. For list of antennas and
accessories, see the WLAN Cable AP 6220 manual or contact your local
Nortel networks representative.
One or more antenna cables (N-Male to the connector on the
external antenna)
External antennas selected by yourself
Flat blade screwdrivers
Wire cutters
Phillips screwdriver
Torque wrench/driver
Other proper tools for installation
Heat gun with propane/Mapp torch
Trunk & Distribution Cable Connector and Drop Cable F-
connector port
RF cable for connecting between the APU and Testing Unit (if
needed)
Portable CATV Spectrum Analyzer
DVM(Digital Voltammeter)
“Document CD” and “Software CD” that contains the APU
Configurator, online help for the Configurator, and various
documents.
Advanced Tool: RF Testing Unit: CSU, Laptop computer with
radio card
WLAN Cable Access Point 6220 NTPM99CA Rel 1.0 Issue 2 Nov 2004
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