Motorola T2290, T2297 Service Manual

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Service Manual

DIGITAL WIRELESS TELEPHONE

Level 3

Release 1

™

TDMA T2290/T2297

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COMPUTER SOFTWARE COPYRIGHTS

The Motorola products described in this instruction manual may include copy-righted Motorola computer programs stored in semi-conductor memories or othermedia. Laws in the United States and other countries preserve for Motorola certain exclusive rights for copyrighted computer programs, including the exclusive right to copy or reproduce in any form the copyrighted computer program. Accordingly, any copyrighted Motorola computer programs contained in the Motorola products described in this instruction manual may not be copied or reproduced in any mannerwithout the express written permission of Motorola. Furthermore, the purchase of Motorola products shall not be deemed to grant either directly or by implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any license under the copyrights, patents or patent applica-tions of Motorola, except for the normal non-exclusive, royalty free license to use that arises by operation of law in the sale of a product.

This manual is the property of Motorola. No part of this manual may be duplicated in any form without the express written permission of Motorola. This manual must be returned upon Motorola request

The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. No guarantee is made for accuracy or thoroughness. This manual is intended as a training aid in conjuction with formal classes provided by Motorola. Motorola takes no responsibility for the use of this manual beyond its intended scope.

Motorola, the Motorola Logo and all other trademarks identified as such herein are trademarks of Motorola, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.

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Scope of Manual

This manual is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with similar types of equipment. It is intended primarily to support basic servicing, which consists primarily of mechanical repairs and circuit board replacement. Authorized distributors may opt to receive additional training to become authorized to perform limited component repairs. Contact your regional Customer Support Manager for details.

Model and Kit Identification

Motorola products are specifically identified by an overall model number on the FCC label. In most cases, assemblies and kits which make up the equipment also have kit model numbers stamped on them.

Service

Motorola regional Cellular Subscriber Support Centers offer some of the Þnest repair capabilities available to Motorola Subscriber equipment users. The Cellular Subscriber Support Centers are able to perform computerized adjustments and repair most defective transceivers and boards. Contact your regional Customer Support Manager for more information about MotorolaÕs repair capabilities and policy for in-warranty and outof-warranty repairs in your region.

About This Manual

General Safety Information

Portable Operation

DO NOT hold the radio so that the antenna is very close to, or touching, exposed parts of the body, especially the face or eyes, while transmitting. The radio will perform best if it is held in the same manner as you would hold a telephone handset, with the antenna angled up and over your shoulder. Speak directly into the mouthpiece. DO NOT operate the telephone in an airplane. DO NOT allow children to play with any radio equipment containing a transmitter.

Mobile Operation (Vehicle Adaptor)

As with other mobile radio transmitting equipment, users are advised that for satisfactory operation of the equipment and for the safety of personnel, it is recommended that no part of the human body shall be allowed to come within 20 centimeters of the antenna during operation of the equipment. DO NOT operate this equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere. Mobile telephones are under certain conditions capable of interfering with blasting operations. When in the vicinity of construction work, look for and observe signs cautioning against mobile radio transmission. If transmission is prohibited, the cellu-

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lar telephone must be turned off to prevent any transmission. In standby mode, the mobile telephone will automatically transmit to acknowledge a call if it is not turned off. All equipment must be properly grounded according to installation instructions for safe operation.

Portable/Mobile Telephone Use and Driving

Safety is every driver’s business. The portable telephone should only be used in situations in which the driver considers it safe to do so. Use of a cellular portable while driving may be illegal in some areas. Refer to the appropriate section of the product service manual for additional pertinent safety information.

TDMA T2290/T2297About This Manual

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Specifications

Table 1.Overall System

Function Specification

Frequency Range

TX (800MHz)

RX(800 MHz): 869.04 – 893.97 MHz

TX (1.9 GHz) : 1850.01 – 1909.95 MHz

: 824.04 - 848.97 MHz

Channels 1 to 799, fTX = 0.03 * N+ 825MHz Channels 990 to 1023, fTX = 0.03(N-1023)+ 825MHz

Channels 1 to 799, fRX = 0.03 * N+ 870MHz Channels 990 to 1023, fRX = 0.03(N-1023)+ 870MHz

Channels 1 to 1999 fTX = 0.03 * N+ 1849.98MHz

About This ManualService Manual

RX (1.9 GHz)

Channel Spacing 30 kHz Channels 832 (800MHz), 1999 (1.9 GHz) Duplex Spacing 45 MHz (800MHz), 80.04 MHz (1.9GHz) Input/Output Impedance 50 ohms (nominal) Operating Voltage +3.6 to +4.1Vdc Dimensions 120cc (Volume) Weight 140 g Display 96 X 32 Graphic Matrix Analog RF Power Output 0.316 Watts (25 dBm) Digital RF Power Output 0.562 Watts (27.5 dBm) Automatic Power Control 9, 4 dBm steps

: 1930.05 – 1989.99 MHz

Channels 1 to 1999 fRX = TX + 80.04MHz

Table 2. EAMPS System

Function Specification

Modulation Type FM Frequency Stability + 2.5ppm Duty Cycle Continuous Audio Distortion (transmit and receive) FM Hum and Noise (C-MSG weighted) Voice Modulation Maximum + 12 kHz deviation Transmit Audio Sensitivity 9 kHz deviation (nom.) @ 97 dB SPL input @ 1 kHz Receive Sensitivity -116 dBm for 12 dB SINAD (C-MSG weighted) Adjacent and Alternate Channel Desensitization IM Greater than 65 dB

Less than 5% at 1 kHz; + 8 kHz deviation

32 dB below + 8 kHz deviation @ 1 kHz

-16 dB @ +30 kHz, -60 dB @ + 60 kHz

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Table 3. DAMPS System

Function Specification

Modulation Type Frequency Stability + 200 Hz Duty Cycle 32.3% Error Vector Magnitude (π/4DQPSK mode) Transmit Audio Sensitivity TOLR of –46 dB nominal Receive Sensitivity -116 dBm for 3% static BER Adjacent and Alternate

Channel Desensitization IM Less than or equal to 3% static BER

π/4DQPSK

Error Vector Magnitude [Digital] 12.5%

-116 dBm for 3% static BER

Table 4. Environment

TDMA T2290/T2297About This Manual

Function Specification

Temperature -30ºC to +60ºC Humidity 80% RH at 50ºC Vibration EIA PN1376 Shock EIA PN1376

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Table of Contents

About This Manual ....................................................................................................................... iii

Scope of Manual ....................................................................................................................... iii

Model and Kit Identification....................................................................................................... iii

Service...................................................................................................................................... iii

General Safety Information ....................................................................................................... iii

Portable Operation........................................................................................................................................ iii

Mobile Operation (Vehicle Adaptor) ............................................................................................................... iii

Portable/Mobile Telephone Use and Driving...................................................................................................iv

Specifications.............................................................................................................................v

Cellular Overview .......................................................................................................................... 1

Introduction ................................................................................................................................1

Control (Data) Channels ................................................................................................................................2

Voice Channels.............................................................................................................................................. 3

Signaling Protocol ..........................................................................................................................................3

Analog Cellular...........................................................................................................................5

Signaling Tone (ST) and Digital ST (DST).......................................................................................................5

SAT (Supervisory Audio Tone) and DSAT (Digital SAT) ...................................................................................6

DTMF (Dual Tone Multi-Frequency)................................................................................................................ 6

Analog Cellular Signal Summary (AMPS and NAMPS) ...................................................................................7

Going into Service .........................................................................................................................................8

Placing a Call (Mobile to Land or Mobile to Mobile) .......................................................................................10

Receiving a Call (Land to Mobile) .................................................................................................................11

Power Steps ................................................................................................................................................13

Hand-offs.....................................................................................................................................................13

Call Termination ...........................................................................................................................................15

Digital Cellular..........................................................................................................................17

Multiplexing .................................................................................................................................................17

FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access).................................................................................................17

Digitizing Voice ............................................................................................................................................17

TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) .........................................................................................................18

Digitization and TDMA .................................................................................................................................18

Digitization of Voltage...................................................................................................................................19

Conventional Radio......................................................................................................................................19

TDMA Radio ................................................................................................................................................20

Accessories ................................................................................................................................. 21

TDMA EASY NAM Programming................................................................................................ 23

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................23

User Mode Programming.........................................................................................................23

Programming Sequence ..........................................................................................................24

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TDMA T2290/T2297Table of Contents

Enter Programming Mode ............................................................................................................................24

Enter Security Code.....................................................................................................................................24

Enter Phone Number ...................................................................................................................................24

Programming a second No...........................................................................................................................24

If you make a mistake ..................................................................................................................................24

TDMA Test Mode NAM Programming ........................................................................................ 25

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................25

Entering Test Mode NAM Programming...................................................................................25

NAM Programming Steps ........................................................................................................25

NAM Data ................................................................................................................................26

User Mode Programming.........................................................................................................26

Test Mode NAM Programming Sequence................................................................................27

Manual Test Mode........................................................................................................................ 31

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................31

Entering Manual Test Mode .....................................................................................................31

Status Display Level ................................................................................................................31

Servicing Level.........................................................................................................................32

Test Procedures .......................................................................................................................... 35

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................35

Automatic Call-Processing Tests..............................................................................................35

Analog Test Measurements ..........................................................................................................................35

Digital Test Measurements ...........................................................................................................................35

Test Connections .....................................................................................................................36

RF Cable Test ..........................................................................................................................37

To test the RF cable for proper loss: .............................................................................................................37

Set up for Analog call ...............................................................................................................38

Registration .................................................................................................................................................38

Page............................................................................................................................................................38

Select CALL CNTL from the To Screen.........................................................................................................38

Origination ...................................................................................................................................................38

RX Sensitivity Test (SINAD) .....................................................................................................39

Test Mode Commands: ................................................................................................................................39

Communications Analyzer Setup:.................................................................................................................39

TX Power Out Test...................................................................................................................40

Test Mode Commands: ................................................................................................................................40

Communications Analyzer Setup:.................................................................................................................40

Test Mode Commands: ................................................................................................................................41

Communications Analyzer Setup:.................................................................................................................41

TX Maximum Deviation Test ....................................................................................................42

Test Mode Commands: ................................................................................................................................42

Communications Analyzer Setup:.................................................................................................................42

TX SAT Deviation Test .............................................................................................................43

Procedure....................................................................................................................................................43

Select CALL CNTL from the To Screen.........................................................................................................43

TX ST Deviation Test ...............................................................................................................44

Test Mode Commands: ................................................................................................................................44

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Table of ContentsService Manual

Communications Analyzer Setup:.................................................................................................................44

Setting up for PCS TDMA Measurements................................................................................45

Power up the PCS Adapter, after two beeps are heard power up the 8920B.................................................45

Setting up for PCS TDMA Measurements................................................................................46

Set up for TDMA call ................................................................................................................47

Call Process ................................................................................................................................................47

Registration .................................................................................................................................................47

Select CALL CNTL from the To Screen.........................................................................................................47

Page............................................................................................................................................................47

Origination ...................................................................................................................................................47

MAHO Measurements .............................................................................................................48

Setting up the MAHO measurement .............................................................................................................48

Measuring MAHO ........................................................................................................................................48

BER Measurements.................................................................................................................49

PCS Mode Handset Commands:..................................................................................................................49

BER Measurement Procedure......................................................................................................................49

TX Power Measurements ........................................................................................................50

PCS Mode Handset Commands:..................................................................................................................50

Digital TX Power Out Test Procedure ...........................................................................................................50

TX Frequency Error Measurements.........................................................................................51

PCS Mode Handset Commands:..................................................................................................................51

TX Frequency Error Measurement Test ........................................................................................................51

EVM Measurements ...............................................................................................................52

PCS Mode Handset Commands:..................................................................................................................52

TX Frequency Error Measurement Test ........................................................................................................52

Disassembly ................................................................................................................................ 53

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................53

Recommended Tools ...............................................................................................................53

Battery Removal ......................................................................................................................54

Antenna Removal ....................................................................................................................55

Back Housing Removal............................................................................................................55

Transceiver Board Removal.....................................................................................................56

Display Removal ......................................................................................................................56

Keypad Removal......................................................................................................................57

Speaker Removal ....................................................................................................................57

Parts List ...................................................................................................................................... 59

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................59

Mechanical Explosion ..............................................................................................................59

General Description .................................................................................................................... 61

Antenna Circuit ........................................................................................................................61

RX Front End ...........................................................................................................................61

NADC IC ..................................................................................................................................61

TX Operational Description.....................................................................................................62

Power Amp Integrated 800 MHz or 1900 MHz IC ....................................................................62

Analog TX Audio Processing ...................................................................................................63

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TDMA T2290/T2297Table of Contents

Digital TX Audio Processing.....................................................................................................63

DSP Lucent 1629.....................................................................................................................63

Stuart IC...................................................................................................................................64

GCAP II....................................................................................................................................64

Section B

Service Diagrams ....................................................................................................................... B1

Antenna Circuit ....................................................................................................................... B3

Front End IC(U10)................................................................................................................... B5

ZIFSYNTH(U110).................................................................................................................... B7

VCO ........................................................................................................................................ B9

TX Offset Oscillator............................................................................................................... B11

Merlyn(U301) ........................................................................................................................ B13

Exciter................................................................................................................................... B15

PA Circuit .............................................................................................................................. B17

RF Detect.............................................................................................................................. B19

Reference Oscillator ............................................................................................................. B21

DCI(U1800)........................................................................................................................... B23

GCAP2(U1500)..................................................................................................................... B25

Voltage Regulators................................................................................................................ B27

Charger................................................................................................................................. B29

Audio Circuit.......................................................................................................................... B31

DSP(U1900).......................................................................................................................... B33

STUART(U1907)................................................................................................................... B35

Call Processor(U1000).......................................................................................................... B37

Memory ................................................................................................................................. B39

B+ Disconnect/Backlight Driver............................................................................................. B41

Keypad.................................................................................................................................. B43

Connectors............................................................................................................................ B44

Layout Side 1........................................................................................................................ B45

Layout Side 2........................................................................................................................ B46

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Cellular Overview

Introduction

A cellular mobile telephone system divides the service area into small, low power radio frequency coverage areas called cells. A cellular system consists of a more or less continuous pattern of these cells, each having a 1 to 40 mile radius (typically 5 - 10 miles). Within each cell is a centralized cell site with an elevated antenna and a building. The building houses a base station with transceivers and related control equipment for the

Figure 1. Channel Assignments

A BAND CHANNELS

Primary Control Channels (21): 313 - 333

Secondary Control Channels (21): 688 - 708

Voice Channels... 001 - 312,

(395 AMPS / 1185 NAMPS): 667 - 716, and

channels assigned to that cell. All the cell sites within a system are then connected either by dedicated land lines, microwave links, or a combination of both to a central control site called the central controller or switch .

The switch controls the entire cellular system and serves as the interface between the cellular telephone user and the landline network. Each cell site operates on an assigned access channel, and may have any number of paging and voice channels assigned to it.

991 - 1023

B BAND CHANNELS

Primary Control Channels (21): 334 - 354

Secondary Control Channels (21): 737 - 757

Voice Channels... 355 - 666 and

(395 AMPS / 1185 NAMPS): 717 - 799

NOTE:

In NAMPS applications, each AMPS voice channel

provides space for three NAMPS voice channels.

Digital cellular multiplexes voice channels to allow for the

possibility of several additional conversations on a single channel.

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US Cellular Frequency Band

Introduction

The cellular radio frequency spectrum has been divided by the FCC into two equal segments or bands to allow two independent cellular carriers to coexist and compete in the same geographic coverage area. Each band occupies one half of the available channels in the cellular spectrum. Initially there were 666 channels available across the entire cellular spectrum, but that number was expanded to 832 channels in 1987, and with NAMPS to 2,412 channels in 1991. Digital cellular promises to make a further expansion. To guarantee nationwide compatibility, the signaling channel frequencies have been pre-assigned to each segment (band). The two bands and their assigned channels

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

are defined in Figure 1. Originally the B Band was assigned to the

telephone company (referred to by a euphemism, the Wireline carrier). The A Band, by default, was referred to as the Non-Wireline carrier, guaranteed competition to the telephone company. Today the terms Wireline and Non-Wireline have little meaning since telephone company carriers now operate A Band systems, and vice-versa.

Control (Data) Channels

A cellular telephone in the cellular system is under the indirect control of the switch, or central controller. The central controller uses dedicated control channels to provide the sig-

Figure 2. US Cellular Frequency Band

832 channels

333

334

1023

991 666

001

A' A' B'

A A

Band A Band B

Voice

Channels

313

312

Channels

Control

354

355

Voice

Channels

666

667

716

667

717

716

717

799

TDMA Secondary Control Channels

737 - 757688 - 708

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Cellular OverviewService Manual

Introduction

naling required to establish a telephone call. Control channels are used to send and receive only digital data between the base station and the cellular telephone. Voice channels are used for both audio and signaling once a call is established. The 21 control channels in each band may be dedicated according to two different applications: access and paging channels.

The data on the forward control channel generally provides some basic information about the particular cellular system, such as the system ID and the range of channels to scan to find the access and paging channels. Access channels are used to respond to a page or originate a call. The system and the cellular telephone will use access channels where two-way data transfer occurs to determine the initial voice channel. Paging channels, if used, are the normal holding place for the idle cellular telephone. When a call is received at the central controller for a cellular telephone, the paging signaling will occur on a paging channel. In many systems both control channel functions will be served by the same control (access) channel for a particular cell. Only in very high density areas will multiple control (paging) channels be required.

Primary control channels are used by all types of telephones. Secondary control channels are only used by TDMA telephones, providing them with an improved probability of locking onto a TDMA control channel.

Voice Channels

Voice channels are primarily used for conversation, with signaling being employed as necessary to handle cell-to-cell hand-offs,

output power control of the cellular radiotelephone, and special local control features. Data from the cell site (known as FORWARD DATA) and data from the mobile or portable (known as REVERSE DATA) is sent using frequency shift keying. In AMPS signaling, various control and response tones are used for a variety of applications to be described later. However, in NAMPS signaling, the signaling data and tones have been replaced by sub-audible digital equivalents that constantly ride underneath the audio. And, of course, in digital cellular, all signaling is digital.

Signaling Protocol

In 1983, when the Federal Communications Commission (the FCC) licensed cellular telephony, the signaling protocol used was AMPS. AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service) was the invention of Bell Labs, the signaling protocol that was ultimately adopted by all the governments of the entire Western Hemisphere and, eventually, several other governments throughout the world.

Today, with the implementation of Narrow AMPS and TDMA, and the imminence of CDMA, it may seem that AMPS is out of date. The truth is that AMPS is very much alive, at the very core of all these traffic expanding alternatives to the original signaling protocol developed for conventional cellular telephony.

Under the original AMPS protocol there were 21 control channels assigned to each of two possible carriers in any metropolitan area, with a total of 333 channels assigned to each carrier. Prior to 1987 the FCC had allocated 312 channels to voice (voice, DTMF, or data)

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Introduction

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

applications for each carrier. In 1987 the FCC expanded the cellular spectrum (Expanded Spectrum) from a total of 666 channels to 832 channels, allowing for an increase of 83 voice channels for each carrier. But the number of control channels remained constant, 21 control channels for each carrier.

In 1991, responding to the demand for even more voice channels, Motorola introduced NAMPS (Narrow AMPS), expanding the voice channels by a factor of 3, assuming all subscribers are using NAMPS telephones. But one thing remained constant, there were 21 control channels for each carrier.

In 1992, when Motorola tested its TDMA digital product, digitizing three communication links on each of 395 voice channels, one thing remained constant: there were still 21 con- trol channels for each carrier.

between digital cellular and AMPS is that all signals are digitized, including voice.

At a basic level, cellular telephony has two divisions: analog cellular and digital cellular. In the following section, analog cellular (AMPS and NAMPS) will be discussed. In the succeeding section, digital cellular will be treated.

Leaving the control channels more or less untouched is the key to allowing telephones that are not capable of NAMPS or digital operation to have access to the system using the conventional AMPS scheme. In virtually every scheme (AMPS, NAMPS, or digital), each control channel has a bandwidth of 30 kHz and uses the signaling protocol, with minor variations for NAMPS and digital, developed for conventional AMPS

The primary difference between NAMPS and AMPS is that a NAMPS voice channel has a bandwidth of only 10 kHz, whereas an AMPS voice channel has a bandwidth of 30 kHz. In addition, NAMPS does not make use of certain control and response tones on voice channels as does AMPS, but uses digital equivalents instead. As the name implies, the primary difference

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Cellular OverviewService Manual

Analog Cellular

The simplified block diagram on page 1 - 7 illustrates an imaginary layout of one side (Band A, or Band B) of a hypothetical service area. The hexagons represent cells, and some of the cell sites shown here also illustrate the fact that an antenna tower and set of base stations are associated with each site. In a real world environment individual cells do not have the hexagonal shape but may take any form as dictated by the environment.

The cell sites are in communication with individual portable and mobile cellular telephones. These portables and mobiles may move from cell to cell, and as they do they are “handed off” under the supervision of the

Figure 3. Channel Assignments

central controller (switch). As illustrated(figure 3.) by the antenna tower

on the upper left, cell sites transmit overhead messages more or less continuously even if there are no mobiles or portables active within that cell.

The switch (center left) is in control of the system and interfaces with the central office of the telephone company. As illustrated by the deskset telephones, the telephone company interfaces with the entire landline network.

The cell sites and the mobiles and portables communicate through the use of data or, in the case of AMPS, through the use of data and tones. A complete analysis of data signaling is beyond the scope of this manual. Refer to the Electronic Industries Association standard EIA-553 for a thorough discussion of AMPS signaling protocol, or to Motorola’s NAMPS Air Interface Specification for NAMPS.

Cellular

Switch

Telephone

Company

Central Office

The tones used in AMPS signaling are Signaling Tones and Supervisory Audio Tones. NAMPS uses sub-audible digital equivalents.

Signaling Tone (ST) and Digital ST (DST)

In AMPS, signaling tone is a 10 kHz signal used by the mobile or portable on the reverse voice channel (REVC) to signal certain activities or acknowledge various commands from the cell site, including hand-offs, alert orders, and call terminations, and to indicate switch-hook operation. Various burst lengths are used for different ST activities. On NAMPS channels ST is replaced by a digital equivalent called Digital ST (DST) which is

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Analog Cellular

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

the complement of the assigned DSAT.

SAT (Supervisory Audio Tone) and DSAT (Digital SAT)

The Supervisory Audio Tone (SAT) is one of three frequencies around 6 kHz used in AMPS signaling. On NAMPS channels SAT is replaced by one of seven sub-audible digital equivalents or vectors called DSAT. SAT (or DSAT) is generated by the cell site, checked for frequency or accuracy by the cellular telephone, then transponded (that is, not merely reflected but generated and returned) to the cell site on the reverse voice channel (REVC). The cellular telephone uses (D)SAT to verify that it is tuned to the correct channel after a new voice channel assignment. When the central controller (switch) signals the mobile regarding the new

Figure 4. Channel Assignments

voice channel, it also informs the mobile of the SAT frequency or DSAT vector to expect on the new channel. The returned (D)SAT is used at the cell site to verify the presence of the telephone’s signal on the designated channel.

In general there are three uses of (D)SAT: (a) it provides a form of squelch; (b) it provides for call continuation (but if equipped for it, the switch will allow for VOX on all models); and (c) (D)SAT is used to prevent co-channel interference.

DTMF (Dual Tone Multi-Frequency)

DTMF (Dual Tone Multi-Frequency) touchcode dialing may also occur on voice channels. DTMF selects two tones from a total of nine (cellular only uses seven of these tones / four low and three high tones) to uniquely represent individual keys.

SAT 0 (5970 Hz)

SAT 1 (6000 Hz)

SAT 2 (6030 Hz)

Re-use

Cellular System

327

329

333

324

332

328

326

330

140 119

98 77 56

326

313

198 177 156 135 114

331

318

324

143 122 101

320

322

326

319

330

140 119

98 77 56

Table 5. DTMF Values

Key Low Tone High Tone

1 697 1209 2 697 1336 3 697 1477 4 770 1209 5 770 1336 6 770 1477 7 852 1209 8 852 1336 9 852 1477

* 941 1209 0 941 1336 # 941 1477

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Cellular OverviewService Manual

AMPS Deviation in kHz

Analog Cellular

Analog Cellular Signal Summary (AMPS and NAMPS)

The diagrams on the following pages outline the various uses of the signals employed in cellular systems. These signals include: SAT (Supervisory Audio Tone) 5970 Hz, 6000 Hz, or 6030 Hz. Used in AMPS for channel reuse, muting audio (squelch), and call continuation [typically ± 2 kHz deviation]. Digital SAT (DSAT) - One of seven codes or vectors used in NAMPS for the same purpose as SAT [± 700 Hz sub-audible NRZ data].

Data - Transmitted at 10 kilobits/second in AMPS and 200 bits/second in NAMPS. Data is used for sending System Orders and Mobile Identification. Do not confuse data with the 10 kHz signaling tone. In AMPS, data is transmitted as Manchester-encoded Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), where the carrier is shifted high or low 8 kHz, and the trailing edge transition is used to represent the

logic. In NAMPS, data is transmitted as NRZ (Non-Return to Zero) FSK, where the carrier is shifted high or low 700 Hz, and the frequency shift itself is used to represent the logic.

Signaling Tone (ST) - A 10 kHz tone used in AMPS for mobile ringing, call terminations, hand-offs, and switch-hook operation [typically ± 8 kHz deviation]. ST is always accompanied by SAT.

Digital ST (DST) - One of seven digital equivalents of ST used on NAMPS channels. The transmitted DST is always the complement of the assigned DSAT [± 700 Hz subaudible NRZ data].

Audio - Includes microphone audio and DTMF [maximum ± 12 kHz deviation AMPS, ± 5 kHz deviation NAMPS]. DTMF deviation should be measured on the radians scale; use key five looking for 9 radians. Audio is accompanied by SAT in AMPS signaling.

Figure 5. AMPS Deviation in kHz

AMPS Voice Channels

±14 ±12

±10

± 8 ± 6 ± 4 ± 2

Data

SAT

Signal

Audio

Tone

Control

Channels

DataDataAudio

Page 18

Analog Cellular

Total deviation of two or more signals is cumulative.

Going into Service

When first turned on, the cellular telephone will scan through the nationwide set of forward control channels (FOCC’s) and measure the signal strength on each one. It will then tune to the strongest one and attempt to decode the overhead control message. From the overhead message, the telephone will be able to determine whether or not it is in its home system, and the range of channels to scan for paging and access. Telephones not in their home system will be able to use other cellular telephone systems depending on the level of service requested by the user. If paging channels are used, the telephone next scans each paging channel in the specified range and tunes to the strongest one. On that channel the telephone continuously receives the overhead message information plus paging messages. At this point the telephone idles, continuously updating the overhead message information in its memory and monitoring the paging messages for its telephone number.

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

Step 5. Decision point. Can the overhead

message from the strongest control channel be decoded? If not, go to step 6. If it can be decoded go to step 8.*

Step 6. The telephone tunes to the second

strongest channel.

Step 7. Decision point. Can the overhead

message stream be decoded? If not, go to step 12. If it can be decoded, go to step 8.*

Step 8. Decision point. Does the decoded

System ID match the Home System ID programmed in the telephone? If not, go to step 9. If it does match, go to step 10.

Step 9. The telephone turns on the ROAM

indicator.

Step 10. The telephone turns off the NoSvc

indicator.

Step 11. The telephone idles. Typically a re-

scan occurs after 5 minutes.

Step 1. The telephone powers up and runs

a self-test. The NoSvc indicator is illuminated.

Step 2. The telephone scans its preferred

system (A or B) as selected in programming.

Step 3. The telephone scans all twenty-one

control channels.

Step 4. The telephone tunes to the stron-

gest control channel.

Step 12. The telephone turns on (or leaves

on) its NoSvc indicator.

Step 13. The telephone switches to the non-

preferred system as recorded in programming, and goes back to step 3. The ability to return to step 3 can be disabled by some settings of System Registration.

*The area between Decision point 5 and Decision point 8 can be quite active. In a few larger systems, following the suc-

Page 19

Cellular OverviewService Manual

Going Into Service

Analog Cellular

cessful completion of either steps 5 or 7, the telephone scans a set of paging channels, tunes to the strongest, and attempts to decode the overhead message train. The procedure is exactly equivalent to that followed for the access (control) channel. Also at this point, in a few larger systems, the telephone is commanded to identity itself (transmit) and thereby indicate its location in the system. This is called Autonomous System Registration and, like paging channels, is used to improve paging efficiency.

Figure 6. Going into Serivce

1. Power Up / Self Test

Turn on No Svc Indicator

If the system employs Narrow AMPS, part of the overhead message stream is used to ask the for activity on one of the secondary or “digital” control channels, whereas a CDMA telephone will look for pilot signals. If digital signaling is not present, and if the telephone is capable of dual mode operation, it will default to AMPS mode.

With a Cellular Telephone

2. Scan Preferred System (A or B)

3. Scan all 21

Control Channels

4. Tune to Strongest Control Channel

Receive

Overhead

Info

Yes

SID matches

Home SID

Note: In order to turn off

the NoSvc light, the

overhead message stream

must have been decoded.

* In those telephones with Motorola Enhanced Scan, more than two control channels are sampled

before proceeding to step 12.

Yes

6. Tune to 2nd

Strongest Channel

Note: In order to turn on the

Roam light, the SID in the

overhead message stream must

NOT match the SID

programmed into the telephone.

9. Turn on

Roam Indicator

10. Turn Off

NoSvc Indicator

11. Idle [Rescan after 5 minutes.]

Receive

Overhead

Info

Yes

No*

12. Turn On

NoSvc Indicator

13. Switch to

Non-Preferred System

Page 20

Analog Cellular

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

Placing a Call (Mobile to Land or Mobile to Mobile)

When the cellular telephone user originates the call, the cellular telephone re-scans the access channels to assure that it is still tuned to the strongest one. The cellular tele-

Figure 7. Cellular Telephone to Land Call Processing

Cellular Telephone Landline NetworkSwitch / Cell Site

The cellular telephone is

tuned to the access / paging

channel, and responds to

requests for data.

The cellular telephone user

dials a telephone number

and presses SND. The tele-

phone rescans the access

channels for the strongest

signal. The telephone

sends out data, including

the dialed digits, MIN, ESN,

and NAMPS or digital

capability to the cell site.

The cellular telephone

receives the voice channel

assignment, drops the

access channel, tunes to the

voice channel, and

transponds the assigned

SAT or DSAT.

DATA

FOCC

RECC

DATA

RECC

DATA

FOCC

(D)SAT

FOVC

(D)SAT

REVC

Overhead data is sent out

on the control channels.

The cell site receives the

mobile-to-land call request.

The cell site sends the data to

the switch. The switch

verifies the MIN & ESN and

then sends out the call to the

landline network.

The switch assigns a voice

channel and SAT or DSAT.

The voice channel assignment is sent to the cellular

telephone on the access

channel. The cell site sends

SAT or DSAT to the cellular

telephone on the assigned

voice channel.

The cell site receives the

correct SAT or DSAT, then

unmutes the voice path.

phone then transmits data at the rate of 10 kilobits per second on the control channel to notify the switch of its mobile identification number (MIN) and the number it wants to reach. The switch verifies the incoming data and assigns a voice channel and a SAT (or DSAT for NAMPS channels) to the telephone.

The local telephone

company processes the

telephone call.

The cellular telephone user

hears the landline ringing.

Conversation in progress

VOICE + (D)SAT

FOVC & REVC

The landline person being

called answers.

Conversation in progress

Page 21

Cellular OverviewService Manual

Analog Cellular

The cellular telephone tunes to the assigned voice channel and verifies the presence of the proper forward SAT frequency (or DSAT message). If SAT (DSAT) is correct the telephone transponds SAT (DSAT) back to the cell site and unmutes the forward audio. The cell site detects reverse SAT (DSAT) from the cellular telephone and unmutes reverse audio. At this point both forward and reverse audio paths are unmuted and the cellular telephone user can hear the other end ring, after which conversation can take place. SAT (DSAT) is sent and received more or less continuously by both the base station and the cellular telephone. However, SAT (DSAT) is not sent during data transmissions, and the cellular telephone does not transpond SAT continuously during VOX operation. Also, DSAT is suspended during the transmission of DST. Notice that SAT and Signaling Tones are only used on AMPS voice channels, and that the Signaling Tone is only transmitted by the cellular telephone.

site, the reception of SAT (DSAT) signals the central controller that the cellular telephone is ready for the call. An alert order is then sent to the cellular telephone which responds with a 10 KHz signaling tone (DST message). The subscriber unit rings for 65 seconds or until the user answers. Then the 10 KHz signaling tone (DST message) is terminated to alert the central controller that the user has answered. The switch then connects the incoming call to the appropriate circuit leading to the cell in contact with the cellular telephone. At this point both forward and reverse audio paths are unmuted and the conversation can take place. SAT (DSAT) is sent more or less continuously by the base station and transponded by the cellular telephone, except during data transmission. DSAT is suspended during DST transmission, and during VOX operation SAT (DSAT) is not transponded continuously by the cellular telephone.

Receiving a Call (Land to Mobile)

Once a cellular telephone has gone into service, it periodically scans the overhead message information in its memory and monitors the paging messages for its telephone number. When a page match occurs the cellular telephone scans each of the access channels and tunes to the strongest one. The cellular telephone then acknowledges the page on that access channel and thus notifies the central controller of its cell location. The switch then assigns a voice channel and a SAT (DSAT) to the cellular telephone. The cellular telephone tunes to the voice channel, verifies the presence of the proper SAT frequency (DSAT message) and transponds the signal back to the cell site. At the cell

Page 22

Figure 8. Land to Cellular Telephone Call Processing

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

Landline Network

The landline caller dials the

cellular telephone number.

The Public Service Telephone

Network (central office)

forwards the call to the central

controller (switch).

The landline caller hears

ringing, busy, etc.

Switch / Cell Site

Overhead data is sent out

on the control channels.

The switch receives a call from

land. The switch pages the

cellular telephone. The page is

sent as data on the forward

control channel.

The cell site receives the

acknowledgement and sends it

to the switch. The switch

verifies the ESN & MIN and

assigns a voice channel.

The cell site informs the

cellular telephone of the voice

channel and SAT (DSAT).

The cell site sends the SAT

(DSAT) on the voice channel.

The cell site receives the correct

SAT (DSAT) and alerts the

cellular telephone to ring.

The cell site receives signaling

tone (DST message) from the

cellular telephone.

DATA

FOCC

RECC

DATA

FOCC

DATA

RECC

DATA

FOCC

(D)SAT

FOVC

(D)SAT

REVC

DATA

FOVC

(D)ST + (D)SAT

REVC

Cellular Telephone

The cellular telephone is

tuned to the

access / paging

channel, and responds

to requests for data.

The cellular Telephone

decodes the data and

successfully reads its MIN.

The telephone scans the

control channels for the strongest, then acknow-

ledges the page by sending

it’s ESN, MIN, and NAMPS

or digital capability as data

on the control channel.

The telephone receives

the data and tunes to the

assigned voice channel,

then transponds the SAT (DSAT).

The cellular telephone

rings. While ringing, the

subscriber unit sends a 10

kHz signaling tone (DST

message) to the cell site.

Conversation in progress

The cell site unmutes the

voice path.

VOICE + (D)SAT

FOVC & REVC

(D)SAT

REVC

The cellular telephone user

answers by pressing SND

The signaling tone stops.

Conversation in progress

Voice path unmuted

Page 23

Cellular OverviewService Manual

Analog Cellular

Power Steps

As a call progresses, the cell site continuously monitors the reverse channel for signal strength.

Every cellular telephone has a number of power steps ranging from full power (3 watts in a mobile and .6 watts in a portable) down to as low as about half a milliwatt. In reality all cellular telephones have eight power steps, but portable models are prevented from using the two highest power steps by the cell site. Transmit power level commands are sent to the cellular telephone as required to maintain the received signal strength within prescribed limits.

This is done to minimize interference possibilities within the frequency re-use scheme. If the signal received from the cellular telephone is higher than the prescribed limit (such as when the unit is very near the cell site), the subscriber unit will be instructed to step down to a lower level.

Hand-offs

If the cellular telephone is at its maximum allowed power for the cell site it is using and the received signal at the cell site is approaching the minimum allowable (typically -100 dBm), the cell site will signal the switch to consider the subscriber unit for a hand-off. The central controller (switch) will in turn have a scanning receiver at each of the surrounding cell sites measure the cellular telephone’s signal strength. The site with the strongest signal will be the site to which the call will be handed to if there are available voice channels.

On an AMPS channel the hand-off is executed by interrupting the conversation with a burst of data (called blank and burst) containing the new voice channel assignment. The telephone acknowledges the order by a 50 millisecond burst of 10 kHz signaling tone on the originally assigned voice channel. The mobile telephone then drops the original voice channel and tunes to the newly assigned voice channel, keying up on that channel and transponding the assigned SAT. But on a NAMPS channel the hand-off is executed with a low speed data transmission that does not interrupt the voice. The telephone acknowledges the order in this case by a DST message. In either case, once the hand-off has been accomplished, the newly assigned cell site then alerts the switch that the handoff has been completed, and the old voice channel is dropped.

It should be noted that this data exchange happens very quickly, lasting only as long as 260 milliseconds. However, when data or signaling tones are transmitted, audio is muted for the duration of that transmission and a syllable or two may be dropped from conversation. This is normally not a problem, but during data signaling, such as that employed for telefacsimile, answering machine, and computer communications, significant amounts of information may be lost. For this reason it is recommended that when THE Cellular Connection™ equipment is used the vehicle should be stationary to avoid data loss during hand-offs and other data transmissions. Otherwise the equipment should employ an error correction protocol.

Page 24

Figure 9. Cell Site Handoffs

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

Cellular Telephone Landline Network

Conversation in progress.

The voice path is unmuted.

The cellular telephone

acknowledges the handoff

request by sending a10 kHz

signaling tone for 50 msec or

a DST message. The voice path is muted while sending

ST.

The telephone drops the

voice channel and keys up

on the new voice channel

frequency. The telephone

sends the newly assigned

SAT (DSAT).

DATA

FOVC

(D)ST +

SAT

REVC

(D)SAT

REVC

Switch / Cell Site

VOICE + (D)SAT

FOVC & REVC

The cell site monitors the cellular

telephone's signal strength. When

the signal strength falls below the

allowed minimum (typically

-100 dBm at the highest power step), the cell site informs the

switch of the need for a handoff.

The switch orders surrounding cell

sites to measure the cellular

telephone's signal strength. The

switch assigns a new cell site,

voice channel, and SAT (DSAT)

based on the highest signal

strength, and informs both cell

sites. The old cell site mutes the

voice path and sends a data burst

with handoff information to the

cellular telephone

The originally assigned cell site

receives the signaling tone

(DST) and informs the switch to

continue with the handoff.

The switch moves the landline to the

voice channel at the new cell site.

The new cell site receives the

correct SAT (DSAT) and unmutes

the voice path.

Conversation in progress.

The voice path is unmuted.

Conversation in progress.

The voice path is unmuted.

VOICE + (D)SAT

FOVC & REVC

Conversation in progress.

The voice path is unmuted.

Page 25

Cellular OverviewService Manual

Analog Cellular

Call Termination

signalling tone burst for 1.8 seconds, indicat-

ing a call termination request to the switch. When the call is terminated by the landline caller (not the cellular telephone user), the central controller (switch) issues a release order to the subscriber unit. The cellular telephone acknowledges with a 10kHz signalling tone burst for 1.8 seconds and the

In either case after call termination, the cel-

lular telephone goes back to rescan the na-

tionwide set of forward controlchannels and

repeats the Going into Service process it per-

formed at first turn-on to re-establish itself

on a paging channel. cellular telephone ceases transmission.

If the call was terminated by the cellular telephone user, the telephone generates a 10kHz

Figure 10. Cellular Telephone Call Processing Termination

Cellular Telephone

Switch / Cell Site

Landline Network

Conversation in progress.

Voice path is unmuted.

The cellular telephone user

hangs up or hits the END key to

terminate the call.

The cellular telephone sends a

1.8 second burst of 10 kHz

signaling tone or a DST vector

to the cell site, then stops

sending SAT (DST).

The cellular telephone rescans

the access / paging channels

for the strongest signal and decodes data. The cellular

telephone responds to

requests for data.

(D)ST + (D)SAT

REVC

DATA

FOCC

RECC

VOICE + (D)SAT

FOVC & REVC

The cell site receives the

signaling tone (DST) and

notifies the switch of the disconnect. The cell site

mutes the audio path on the

voice channel.

The switch informs the TelCo

of the disconnect and the

Overhead data sent out on

landline is released.

the control channel.

Conversation in progress.

The landline is released.

Page 26

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

Page 27

Cellular OverviewService Manual

Digital Cellular

Multiplexing

Using a single frequency to carry two or more communication links (e.g., conversations) is called multiplexing. There are two types of multiplexing that are feasible for cellular: code division multiplexing and time division multiplexing. Both code division multiplexing and time division multiplexing digitize voice before transmitting the signal. Another type of multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, was briefly considered, then abandoned. We will deal with each type of multiplexing separately.

FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)

Frequency Division Multiple Access

(FDMA) uses two or more modulated sub-

carriers to modu-

late a third true carrier simultaneously.

While as many as six communication links

can be accommodated on a single frequency

with FDMA, the bandwidth requirements are

enormous. Given the relatively small 30 kHz

bandwidth of cellular, FDMA was never a

contender for improving the load carrying

capacity of cellular systems. Also, it should

be pointed out that FDMA is not necessarily

digital.

Digitizing Voice

If a person speaks into a microphone, a trans-

ducer in the microphone converts the me-

chanical air movements produced by the

person’s vocal cords into varying voltages. If

an oscilloscope probe is connected to the out-

put from a microphone, a varying voltage

Figure 11. Digitizing Voice

Amplitude (voltage)

Time

Page 28

Digital Cellular

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

line, such as that shown in the accompanying illustration, will be produced.

If the varying voltages are sampled at some rate, the instantaneous voltages can be quantified. Let’s say we want to quantify measurements from values of zero to 255 (the maximum value a binary byte can hold). The value of 255 would represent the highest possible voltage we could expect from voice, and zero would represent silence. Each discrete integer between zero and 255 would represent a particular voltage, typically presented in binary form.Because of the redundancies of speech and the inability of the human ear to detect more than a fraction of the intelligence in speech, it is possible to sample a small portion of the sound produced by a person speaking, reproduce that sound at either a later time or another place, then filter the resulting reproduction to produce a “sound” that is indistinguishable from the original source.

audio.

TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)

Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) today provides a times-3 increase in the number of communication links a channel can carry (just like NAMPS). Eventually TDMA is expected to take full advantage of all six time slots, allowing for six communications links in the bandwidth of a conventional AMPS channel.

TDMA, like CDMA, employs a form of phase shift keying to represent symbols. However, TDMA also compresses the digitized signal, making use of predictive algorithms to reduce the number of symbols actually transmitted.

Digitization and TDMA

Here three conversations, represented by

In the illustration on page 1 - 19 we saw how speech could be sampled at some rate. Suppose we take only one of every three samples. If our sampling rate is fast enough, and if we can compress the samples, it turns out that we can interleave several different conversations (communication links) on a single frequency. However, we also have to provide some mechanism for ensuring that the transmitter and receiver are in synchronization, and we have to provide for some alternative to the control and response tones used in conventional AMPS. All of these non-voice signals are digital and take time from the assigned time slot, leaving only a relatively small amount of time to represent voice. For this reason the digital receiver has to filter the audio to closely approximate the original

Figure 12. Digitization and TDMA

tude

Ampli

Time

Page 29

Cellular OverviewService Manual

ABCAB

Slot1Slot2Slot3Slot4Slot5Slot

Digital Cellular

voice samples as viewed on oscilloscopes, are clearly shown to be nothing more than varying voltages produced by microphones. Instantaneous samples are discrete voltages. It has been shown that if the sampling rate is fast enough, it is possible to make a faithful representation of each conversation.

If these samples are then compressed, it is possible for more than a single conversation to occur on a single medium (such as a radio frequency) by sharing time slots. Here we see three conversations being shared on six time slots. The conversations shown are compressed sampled analog audio, not yet digitized.

Figure 13. Slot Assignments

Slot1Slot2Slot3Slot4Slot5Slot

Figure 14. Digitization of Voltage

2 volts

1.75 volts

1.5 volts

1.25 volts 1 volt

.75 volt

.5 volt

.25 volt

0 volt

A B C AA B C

The very first instantaneous sample has an amplitude of .625 volts represented by 01001111 (79 decimal).

This instantaneous sample has an amplitude of 1.125 volts represented by 10001111 (143 decimal).

Conventional Radio

Radio uses transmitters to convert speech to radio energy and receivers to convert radio energy back to speech. In conventional analog radio, speech is converted into varying voltages called audio by a microphone. The

Digitization of Voltage

A byte, consisting of 8 bits, holds 256 possible numbers (0 through 255). If the maximum voltage we might expect from our voice samples is 2 volts, we can arbitrarily match those voltages proportionally to our byte. The result is a binary string representing voltages. We now have digital voice.

Figure 15. Convetional Radio

Microphone Speaker

audio is mixed with a carrier frequency, amplified, and propagated through space as radio energy by an antenna. At the remote receiver an antenna converts the received radio energy to varying voltages at radio frequencies. The RF energy is beat against the output from a local oscillator to produce a difference frequency called the intermediate

Page 30

Digital Cellular

frequency. The IF is processed in the IF strip, which provides filtering and amplification. A discriminator retrieves audio from the IF and the varying voltages of the audio are used to drive a speaker

TDMA Radio

TDMA radios use the same circuitry as analog radios, for the most part, but also have additional circuitry to convert analog audio to digitized form and vice versa, and to select the appropriate time slot.

Figure 16. TDMA Radio

1010101010101 01010 101

Processing

Network

101 0101010101010 10101 010

010 1010101010101 01010 101

101 0101010101010 10101 010

010 101

Processing

Network

TDMA T2290/T2297Cellular Overview

A/D

Slot selector

ZIF

D/A

Page 31

Accessories

STANDARD TRAVEL CHARGER

350 mAh Economy Travel Charger (Fixed Plug)

o Argentina...................................................................................................................SPN4678A

o Australia....................................................................................................................SPN4683A

o Brazil 220 ..................................................................................................................SPN4679A

o Brazil 110 ..................................................................................................................SPN4707A

o China .........................................................................................................................SPN4677A

o Euro 220 ....................................................................................................................SPN4682A

o India (Small 5 Amp)..................................................................................................SPN4684A

o U.K.............................................................................................................................SPN4680A

o U.S. ............................................................................................................................SPN4681A

VEHICLE POWER ADAPTER ...................................................................................... SYN8087A

o Provides virtually unlimited in-vehicle use. o Conserves phone’s battery power while simultaneously providing a rapid battery charge.

EASY INSTALL HANDS-FREE KIT.............................................................................. SYN8088A

o Easy -Install Hands Free Car Kit (Analog Audio) o Includes Car Clip 2000 and Alligator Clip 2000

HEADSET

o Headset (Mono) .........................................................................................................SYN6962A

o Retractable Headset (Mono) .....................................................................................SYN8284A

o Headset with Boom Microphone (Mono) ..................................................................SYN8146A

BELT CLIP

o Universal Belt Clip (spinning)..................................................................................SYN7158A

o Universal Belt Clip (locking) ....................................................................................SYN8092A

PHONE CLIPS

o Shark “Z Look” Phone Clip .......................................................................................SYN8523A

o Shark “R Look” Phone Clip..................................................................................... SYN85234A

Page 32

TDMA T2290/T2297Accessories

BATTERY DOORS

o Battery Door - Z Look (Black)...................................................................................SHN7282A

o Battery Door - R Look (PUTTY GRAY)....................................................................SHN7476A

o Battery Door - R Look (GUNMTL BLACK) .............................................................SHN7477A

o Battery Door - R Look (METALLIC ORANGE).......................................................SHN7478A

BATTERIES

o AAA Long Battery 700 mAh NiMH (Q/A: 3) - English............................................SNN5518A

o AAA Long Battery 700 mAh NiMH (Q/A: 3) - China...............................................SNN5541A

o AAA Long Battery 700 mAh NiMH (Q/A: 3) - Enlish/Port./Span. ..........................SNN5542A

Note: Q/A = Quantity per Assembly

IN-VEHICLE CLIPS

o Car Clip compatible w/Belt Clip-On System ...........................................................SYN8184A

o Alligator Clip compatible w/Belt Clip-On System...................................................SYN8185A

o Car Clip 2000 (compatible with Shark Belt Clip-On System) ................................SYN8525A

o Alligator Clip 2000 (compatible with Shark Belt Clip-On System)........................SYN8526A

* The use of wireless devices and their accessories (“devices”) may be prohibited or restricted in certain areas.

Always obey the laws and regulations on the use of these devices.

** All talk and standby times are approximate and depend on network configuration, signal strength and features selected.

Talk times and standby times are lower when in analog mode.

Page 33

TDMA Easy NAM

Programming

Introduction

The Number Assignment Module (NAM) is a section of memory that retains information about the phone’s characteristics, such as the assigned telephone number, system identification number, and options information.

Two methods are available to program the NAM using the keypad: Test Mode and User Mode.

Regardless of the method used, the NAM must be programmed before the phone can be placed into service. This chapter covers the NAM Programming steps for Easy NAM Programming which is the preferred programming method

User Mode Programming

programming steps for User Mode NAM programming.

User Mode NAM programming steps are different from Test Mode NAM programming steps, and do not include all of the option bits available in Test Mode NAM programming.

Access to User Mode NAM programming can be disabled by Test Mode NAM programming step 11, bit C7. Detailed description on Test Mode NAM Programming can be found in the TDMA Test Mode Nam Programming section of this manual.

The following page describes the step by step procedure for Easy NAM Programming, which is the preferred programming method.

User Mode NAM programming requires a special key sequence to enter, but can be accomplished through the telephone keypad without the use of any specialized hardware.

The telephone number can be changed up to fifteen times, after which the phone must be reset in Manual Test Mode using the 32# command (erasing all repertory memory and initializing counters).

Some models may be available with a “User Mode NAM Programming Manual” which describes the entry key sequences and the

Page 34

Programming Sequence

TDMA T2290/T2297TDMA Easy NAM Programming

Enter Programming Mode Ê

Enter Security Code Ì

Enter Phone Number Î

Programming a second No.

Press , carrier system ID (from your Cellular Service Provider), , , . Phone displays " NAM 1

snd

Prog * = Yes # = No". Press . Display prompts for Security Code "_ _ _ _ _ _". Press , , , , , (factory set).

0+ 0+

0+ 0+ 0+

Phone displays ESN (Electronic Security Number). Press . Phone prompts for Phone Number " Phon # _

snd

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _". Enter the entire Phone Number "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _". Press

SEND

Phone displays " NAM Program Begins ". The phone will turn off. When you turn the phone back on, the phone number will be programmed.

Press , carrier system ID , , , , , .

SEND

ABC

Continue with steps Ë - Î . Be sure to check with the carrier of the second telephone number for the system ID.

If you make a mistake

Try again will appear and you can re-enter the number. Press to erase a single digit or press and hold to erase the entire entry. Press when you are

CLR

snd

finished.

CLR

Page 35

TDMA Test Mode

NAM Programming

Introduction

Regardless of the method used, the NAM must be programmed before the phone can be placed into service. This chapter covers the NAM Programming steps for Test Mode NAM Programming.

Entering Test Mode NAM Programming

The recommended Manual Test Mode setup for NAM programming phones are described in “Entering Manual Test Mode” on page 33. Refer to “Test Connections” on page 38to see the recommended test setup for performing Servicing Level manual tests.

NAM Programming Steps

There are 19 steps in the NAM. For each step, the display shows factory default NAM data. When new data is entered via the keypad the display scrolls from left to right.

Use the * key to sequentially step through the NAM data fields, entering new data as required, or skipping past factory default values for parameters that do not need to be changed.

Table 6, “Minimum Required Test Mode NAM Programming Steps”, shows the minimum required Test Mode NAM programming steps. The programming steps not listed in this table can be “stepped through”, retaining the factory default values for those steps.

Table 7, “Test Mode NAM Programming Sequence,” on page 3 lists all NAM programming steps, complete with parameters and definitions.

Table 6. Minimum Required

Programming Steps

The phone is in Status Display mode after powering up in Manual Test mode. To enter NAM Programming mode, first press the # key for at least two seconds to suspend the Status Display. Then enter 5 5 #. The phone will now be in Step 1 of the NAM.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Service Type

Single NAM Dual NAM Enable Dual NAM

Minimum Required

Programming

1, 3, 4, 6, 9 11 1, 3, 4, 6

Page 36

NAM Data

TDMA T2290/T2297TDMA Test Mode NAM Programming

NAM Data

NAM Data is specified by the system operator. For most NAM steps, the information specified by the system operator is the same as the factory default data.

The factory default System ID (step 01) and User Telephone Number (step 03) must always be changed.

Other portions of the factory default NAM data must sometimes be modified to conform to special system requirements, or to enable/ disable certain features.

If a second phone number is to be programmed, step 11 C Option Byte, bit 6 must be set to 1. This bit enables dual-NAM operation and will cause NAM program-ming steps 1-6, 12, and 16 to be repeated for the second phone number.

User Mode Programming

User Mode NAM programming requires a special key sequence to enter, but can be accomplished through the telephone keypad without the use of any specialized hard-ware. The telephone number can be changed up to fifteen times, after which the phone must be reset in Manual Test Mode using the 32# command (erasing all repertory memory and initializing counters).

ferent from Test Mode NAM programming steps, and do not include all of the option bits available in Test Mode NAM programming. Access to User Mode NAM programming can be disabled by Test Mode NAM programming step 11, bit C7.

NOTE

Changed NAM values are not stored until pressing * after Step 19 (Step 16 if a second phone number was entered.)

IMPORTANT

Consult with the System Operator regarding NAM information. Incorrect NAM entries can cause the phone to

Some models may be available with a “User Mode NAM Programming Manual” which describes the entry key sequences and the programming steps for User Mode NAM programming.

User Mode NAM programming steps are dif-

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 37

Test Mode NAM Programming Sequence

10110101

Authentication Enable (Bit A4).

Bit not used (Bit A3).

Enter 0.

Bit not used (Bit A1).

Enter 0.

Advances to the next programming step; also programs the NAM after the last

programming step is entered.

TDMA Test Mode NAM ProgrammingService Manual

CLR

Clears the entered information and displays previously entered data for the current programming step.

Exits the programming mode without programming the NAM.

Table 7. Test Mode NAM Programming Sequence

Step

01 00000

Factory

Default

(A7-A0)

System ID Number

identification.

A OPTION BYTE.

options, A7 through A0. Bit A7 (msb) is programmed first, followed by A6A0. Bits enter display on the right and scroll left.

Local Use (Bit A7).

the home area or when the group ID is matched. Assigned by system operator.

Preferred System (Bit A6).

service systems (A or B). 0 = system B; 1 = system A.

End-to-End Signaling (Bit A5).

DTMF signaling during a call. 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled.

. Number assigned by system operator for system

The display for step 02 represents the status of eight

If set to 1 phone will respond to local control orders in

Description

Applies to units capable of operating on two

When enabled, the phone is equipped for

Enter 1.

03 0000000000

04 00

05 00

06 00

Auxiliary Alert (Bit A2).

System in auxiliary alert mode and be notified of incoming calls via headlights, horn etc. 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled.

MIN MARK (Bit A0).

user’s area code will be sent with each call initiated or answered. 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled.

User 10 digit radiotelephone phone number.

system operator.

Station class mark.

Indicates maximum power step, VOX capability, and number of channels used.

Access overload class.

when accessing the system. Assigned by system operator.

Systems group ID mark.

compared during call processing. Assigned by system operator.

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When enabled, the user can place an Extended

Supplied by system operator. When enabled the

Number is assigned by

A 2 digit number assigned by the system operator.

Specifies the level of priority assigned to the phone

Specifies how many bits of the system ID are

Page 38

Table 7: Test Mode NAM Programming Sequence (con’t)

00000100

Bit not used (Bit B7).

Enter 0.

Bit not used (Bit B6).

Bit not used (Bit B5).

Enter 0.

Bit not used (Bit B4).

00001000

Bit not used (Bit C5).

Enter 0.

Bit not used (Bit C2).

Enter 0.

TDMA T2290/T2297TDMA Test Mode NAM Programming

07 000000

08 123

09 4

(B7-B0)

0 0

(C7-C0)

Security code.

by the user to access or change “security” features such as the 3-digit unlock code or the service level.

Unlock code.

enabled by the user, the phone can be operated only by individuals who know the unlock code.

Service level.

placement restrictions if desired. 004 = no restrictions.

B OPTION BYTE

options, B7 through B0. B7 (msb) is programmed first followed by B6-B0. Bits enter display on the right and scroll left.

Single System Scan (Bit B3).

based on the setting of the preferred system bit (option bit A6). 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled.

Auto Recall (Bit B2).

one or two digit send sequence (speed dialing).

Disable Service Levels (Bit B1).

restrictions) cannot be changed by the user.

Lock Disable (Bit B0).

phone unit via the 3 digit lock code.

C OPTION BYTE

options, C7 through C0. C7 (msb) is programmed first followed by C6-C0. Bits enter display on the right and scroll left.

User Mode NAM Programming Disable (Bit C7).

Mode NAM programming cannot be accessed.

Second Number Registration (Bit C6).

the second phone number.

A 6 digit number supplied by the user. This number is used

A 3 digit number supplied by the user. If the lock feature is

This 3 digit number supplied by the user allows various call

The display for step 10 represents the status of eight

Enter 0.

If set to 1, phone will scan only one system

When set to one, the user may access repertory by a

If set to 1, the service level (call

When set to 1, the user cannot lock and unlock the

The display for step 11 represents the status of eight

When set to 1, User

When set to 1, allows access to

12 0334

Auto Redial Disable (Bit C4).

minute auto redial feature.

Speaker Disable (Bit C3).

speaker when adding V.S.P. option. 1 = handset speaker disabled, 0 = handset speaker enabled.

Selectable System Scan Disable (Bit C1).

select the primary system.

Diversity Antenna Enable (Bit C0).

diversity, 1 = Diversity.

Initial Paging System.

channel. For system A enter 0333 and system B enter 0334.

There are 4 significant bits for the initial paging

When set to 1, the user cannot access the 6-

This bit is used to disable internal handset

When set to 1, the user cannot

(Extended systems only) 0 = Non-

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Page 39

TDMA Test Mode NAM ProgrammingService Manual

Initial A system channel.

0334

Initial B system channel.

To initialize system B enter 0334.

secondary initial paging channel. For system A enter 708 and system B enter

737.

secondary scan for a digital channel.

Secondary Initial A system channel.

0737

Secondary Initial B system channel.

To initialize system B enter 737.

Enhanced Scan Enable (Bit D7).

Enter 1.

Cellular Connection Enable (Bit D6).

Long Tone DTMF Enable (Bit D5).

Normally set to 1.

Eight Hour Time-out Disable (Bit D3).

Normally set to 0.

Handset Test Mode Disable (Bit D2).

Word Sync Scan Disable (Bit D0).

Enter 1.

Table 7: Test Mode NAM Programming Sequence (con’t)

13 0333

15 021

16 0737

17 0708

19 10111011

0 1

To initialize system A enter 0333.

Dedicated Paging Channels.

Enter 021.

Secondary Initial Paging System.

Secondary initial paging channels are for digital applications, providing a

D Option Byte.

options, D7 through D0. D7 (msb) is programmed first, followed by D6-D0. Bits enter display on the right and scroll to left.

Transportable Internal Ringer/Speaker Disable (Bit D4).

0, audio is routed to the accessory speaker of the transportable. When set to 1, audio is routed to the handset speaker. Normally set to 1.

Failed Page Indicator Disable (Bit D1).

tone alert feature is disabled.

The display for step 16 represents the status of eight

Number of dedicated paging channels is 21.

There are 3 significant bits for the

To initialize system A enter 708.

Normally set to 0.

When set to

Enter 0.

When set to 1, the failed-call

NOTE

If the second phone number bit is enabled, (step 11 C Option Byte bit 6), then steps 1- 6, 12, and 16 are repeated. To store NAM data press the * key until the ’ is displayed after step 19

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Page 40

TDMA T2290/T2297TDMA Test Mode NAM Programming

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Page 41

Manual Test Mode

Introduction

Manual Test Mode software allows service personnel to monitor the telephone status on the display, and manually control tele-phone functions via the keypad.

Manual Test Mode operates at two levels: 1) Status Display level, which allows the phone to operate normally while providing status indications in the display; and 2) Servicing Level, which disables normal call-processing and allows commands to be entered through the keypad to manually control operation of the phone.

Entering Manual Test Mode

Manual Test Mode is entered by entering the following keypad sequence:

FCN 0 0 * * T E S T M O D E STO

Once this key sequence is completed the Status Display screen appears. Press and hold the # key for 2 seconds to enter in manual test mode.

Figure 19: “Connections for PCS Testing” on page 38 shows the recommended test setup.

Status Display Level

Status Display level is the power-up state in manual test mode. In this level of manual test mode the phone will place and receive calls as normal, but the display shows two lines of status information.

The display alternates between the channel number, RSSI status information, and primary status information:

• SAT frequency

• Carrier state

• Signaling tone state

• Power level

• Voice/data channel mode

• Audio states

• DVCC and BER measurements The format of this status information is

shown in Figure 17: “Test Mode Status Display (Analog Mode)” on page 35 and Figure 18: “Test Mode Status Display (Digital Mode)” on page 36.

When dialing a phone number, the status display ceases when the first digit of the phone number is entered. The telephone number is then displayed as it is entered. When the Snd, End, or Clr button is pressed, the status information display resumes. The phone remains in Status Display Mode if the # key is pressed momentarily.

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Page 42

Servicing Level

The Servicing Level of Manual Test Mode allows service personnel to manually control operation of a phone by entering commands through the telephone keypad. Parameters such as operating channel, output power level, muting, and data trans-mission can all be selected by entering the corresponding commands.

To enter the Servicing Level, press and hold the # button for at least 2 seconds while in Status Display level (power-up state of manual test mode.)

In the Servicing Level, automatic call processing functions are disabled, and the phone is instead controlled manually by keypad commands.

TDMA T2290/T2297Manual Test Mode

Table 3, “Test Commands For Manual Test Mode,” on page 23 lists the commonly used manual test commands and the resulting display and telephone function for each command.

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Page 43

Figure 17. Test Mode Status Display (Analog Mode)

Status Display Line 1

Manual Test ModeService Manual

}

Blank in Analog Mode

Channel Number

SAT Frequency (voice channel) 0=5970 Hz, 1=6000 Hz, 2=6030 Hz 3= no SAT lock

Blank in Analog Mode

Status Display Line 2

}

RSSI Reading

Transmit Audio Path

(Voice Channel)

Busy/Idle

(data channel) 0 = enabled/busy 1 = muted/idle

TX Carrier State

0 = carrier off 1 = carrier on

Signaling Tone (voice channel) Word Sync Status (data channel)

0 = off, 1 = on/sync acquired

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RF Power Level

Steps 0-7

}

Blank

Receive Audio Path

0 = enabled 1 = muted

Channel Type

0 = voice channel 1 = data channel

Page 44

Figure 18. Test Mode Status Display (Digital

Status Display Line 1

TDMA T2290/T2297Manual Test Mode

1900 Channel

Assignment

800 Channel

Assignment

}

Blank

Call Processing Mode

1 = DAMPS half rate, slot 1 2 = DAMPS half rate, slot 2 3 = DAMPS half rate, slot 3 4 = DAMPS half rate, slot 4 5 = DAMPS half rate, slot 5 6 = DAMPS half rate, slot 6 7 = DAMPS full rate, slot 1 8 = DAMPS full rate, slot 2 9 = DAMPS full rate, slot 3

Status Display Line 2

}

RSSI Reading

Blank

}

Digital Verification

Color Code (1 - 255)

RF Power Level

Steps 0-7

NOTE:

800MHz channels are displayed as three digits. Channel Numbers 1000-1023 are represented on the display as A00-A23. 1900MHz channels are displayed as four digits (0002 to 1998).

TX Carrier State

0 = carrier off 1 = carrier on

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}

Blank

Audio Paths

0 = enabled 1 = muted

Bit Error Rate

0-7

Page 45

Test Procedures

Introduction

The phone allows keypad controlled testing of various analog and digital operating parameters.

This chapter includes the keypad button functions and recommended equipment setup to use when testing a phone.

Automatic Call-Processing Tests

Most communications analyzers can simulate a cell site in order to perform automatic call-processing tests. Automatic call processing tests can be performed while the phone is in its power-up state. However, it is useful to do the tests with the phone in Test Mode Status Display.

Refer to the communications analyzer’s manual for details about performing call-processing tests. The following call-processing test sequence is recommended:

1. Inbound call, analog mode

2. Outbound call, analog mode

3. Analog-to-Analog channel handoff

4. Analog-to-Digital channel handoff

5. Inbound call, digital mode

6. Outbound call, digital mode

7. Digital-to-Digital channel handoff

8. Digital-to-Analog channel handoff

Handoffs should be performed between low, middle, and high frequency channels, such as, 991 (lowest frequency), 333 (middle frequency), and 799 (highest frequency). In digital mode slots 1 & 4, 2 & 5, and 3 & 6 should be verified.

Analog Test Measurements

• RX Sensitivity (SINAD)

• RX Audio Distortion

• TX Power Out

• TX Frequency Error

• TX Audio Distortion

• TX Maximum Deviation

• TX SAT Deviation

• TX ST Deviation

Digital Test Measurements

• Digital RX Sensitivity (BER)

• Digital Power Out

• TX Frequency Error

• Digital Modulation Stability (EVM)

The analog and digital parameters are stored in EPROM on the Transceiver Board. Each transceiver is shipped from the factory with these parameters already calibrated. However, if a board is repaired, these parameters should be measured and, if necessary, adjusted. Checking and adjusting calibration parameters is also useful as a troubleshooting/diagnostic tool to isolate defective assemblies.

Page 46

Test Connections

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

Test Connections

The diagram below shows the recommended connections for PCS testing when using the HP83236B PCS Interface with the HP8920B via Serial Port. Make sure to set the HP-IB/ Ser switch of the HP-IB Address Selector on the rear panel of the PCS Interface to Ser.

Figure 22. Connections for PCS Testing

83206A

HP83206A

HP8920B

TDMA CELLULAR ADAPTER

SINAD

8240.00

AFgen1 Freq

RF Gen Freq

MH z

KHz

AFGen1 To

Amplitud e

dBm

KHz

Atten Hold

Output Port

RX TEST

AFgen2 Freq

AFGen2 To

Filter 1

Filter 2

Ext Load R

0.00011

Level

To Screen

The Zero Board test interface and an RF adapter with a low loss RF cable is used to interface with the communications analyzer.

A variety of communications analyzers may be used. Refer to the analyzer manufacturers user manual for proper setup before starting tests.

Back View

HP83236B

POWER

OFF ON

83236B PCS INTERFACEPOWER

TEST SET

FROM DUPLEX OUT TO ANT IN

MCEL2000 sierra

RF Connector 2887920K01

1.7 - 2.0 GHZ UUT

RF IN / OUT

RF OUT Only

Test Cable 3080384L40

REFINREF

OUT

CVC Power Cable SKN4834A

MICRO T.A.C.

MOBILE

Zero Bd pwr supply

SPN4029A

YEL

-S

TO POWER SUPPLY

BLK

-V

4.5 VDC

RED

GRN

HP-IB SERIAL PORT

TEST

TEST MODE

Zero Bd-P3

SYN0223A

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Page 47

RF Cable Test

Figure 23. Duplex Test Screen

Test ProceduresService Manual

RF Cable Test

DUPLEX TEST

Tx Frequency

Tx Power

Tune Mode

Auto / Manual

Tune Freq

834.990000

Input Port

RF In / Ant

IF Filter

15 KHz

Ext TX key

On / Off

MHz

-0.62

Rf Gen Freq

Amplitude

Atten Hold

Output Port

RF Out /

834.990000

0.0

On / Off

Dupl

MHz

dBm

Off

dBm

AF Gen1 Freq

1.0000

AFGen1 To

FM Coupling

AC / DC

Audio Out

AC / DC

AC Level

AF Anl In

Audio In

Filter 1

Off

KHz

50 Hz HPF

Filter 2

15kHz LPF

DE Emphasis

750 us / Off

Detector

RMS

In order to properly measure and adjust the parameters of a telephone, it is important that you use RF cabling that has minimal loss. Therefore, it is important that you test the RF cable for proper loss. This can easily be done by using the DUPLEX TEST screen of your HP8920. To test the cable, set up the DUPLEX screen as shown above.

Action:

Take the cable under test and connect it from the RF in/out port to the Duplex Out port. At this point you will be getting some type of power reading for cable loss.

Off

OffSINAD

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT

To test the RF cable for proper loss:

• Tune Freq should be set to TX frequency: 834.990000 MHz.

• RF Gen Freq should be set to same frequency (834.990000 MHz).

• Tx Power should be set to read in dBm, not Watts.

If the reading you are getting shows gain (positive number,) you may need to zero the power meter. This may happen on an HP8920 whose memory has just been cleared.

To zero the meter, press the TX button on the 8920 panel. Bring the cursor down to the field under TX Pwr Zero where it reads Zero. Tap the cursor on the Zero field and it will highlight for a moment as it zeroes the meter. Set up the screen as shown above, and test your cable.

Good range: -.2 dBm through -.8 dBm Bad cable: More than -.8 dBm

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Page 48

Set up for Analog call

Figure 24. Call Control Screen

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

Display

Data / Meas

Active Register Page Access Connect

Active Register Page Handoff Release

Order

Chng PL 0

MS Id

Phone Num 1111111111

System Type

DCCH

Cntrl Chan

Amplitude

SID

CALL CONTROL

Phone : 111-111-1111 ESN (dec) : 156-4460397 ESN (hex) : 9C440F6D SCM : Class IV, Continuous, 25 MHz

Traffic Chan Assisgnment

334

-50.0

dBm

231

Chan : -

Pwr Lvl : -

SAT :

212

5970Hz

Registration

1. Put the Test Set in Active state by selecting Active from the list on the left side of the screen.

2. Select Data from the Data/Meas field. This is the default mode.

3. Select Register from the list to register phone.

4. If the registration message has been received, the Test Set will display registration data in the upper half of the screen as shown in the sample screen above.

Page

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNF G ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

Select CALL CNTL from the To Screen

• Select System type: AMPS

• Zero the RF Power meter in the:

Call Config Screen

• Set Amplitude to: -50 dBm

• Set SID: Your phone’s System

• Select: Active

• Voice Channel Assignment Type:

• Chan: 212

• Pwr Lvl: 4

• SAT: 5970Hz

or press SEND on the mobile to start the conversation. 4 The Connect annunciator lights. This is the Connect state.

Origination

1 Dial the desired phone number on the mobile station and press SEND. 2 The Access annunciator will light while the Test Set signals the mobile on the assigned voice channel. 3 The connect annunciator will light if the mobile properly signals the Test Set.

1 Select page from the list on the left side of the screen. 2 If the mobile responds, you will see the Access annunciator light briefly. 3 Answer the call by raising the flip

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Page 49

RX Sensitivity Test (SINAD)

Figure 25. RX Test Screen

RX TEST

Test ProceduresService Manual

RX Sensitivity Test (SINAD)

Communications Analyzer Setup:

SINAD

8 22.25 24

AF Gen1

RF Gen Freq

879.990000

Amplitude

-116.0

dBm

Atten Hold

On / Off

Output Port

RF Out / Dupl

MHz

1 . 0000

AF Gen1 To

8.00

Freq

kHz

-116.0

AF Gen2 Freq

1 . 0000

RF Out

AF Gen2 To

OFF

kHz

AC Level

C message

Ext

0.6336

Filter 1

Filter 2

kHz LPF

Load R

8 . 00

Test Mode Commands:

11333# Loads synthesizer to chan

nel 333 08# Unmute receive audio path 58# Turn on compandor 474# Set volume control to level 4 356# Set RX audio path to Ext. Au

dio Path

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT

• Select RX button from the Screen Con trol panel

• Set RX frequency to 879.990 MHz

• Set Amplitude to -116 dBm

• Set AF gen1 to 1 kHz frequency at

8 kHz deviation, using FM modula tion (PLEASE NOTE: this is for AMPS

only; NAMPS uses much lower devia tion)

• Set AF Filter 1 set to C message fil

tering

• Set AF Filter 2 to 15 kHz

Sinad measured on the communications analyzer must be more than

12dB.

Duplex SINAD can be measured with the same setup by entering 122# and the 05# test command, which turns on the transmitter at power step 2. Narrow band SINAD can be measured by entering 571# and setting the FM Deviation to 3kHz. Refer to the RX troubleshooting section for radios not within the pass specifications.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 50

TX Power Out Test

Figure 26. TX Test Screen

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

TX TEST

TX Frequency

834.9900

Tx Power

Tune Mode

Auto / Manual

Tune Freq

834.990000

MHz

Tx Pwr Zero

Zero

27.49

MHZ

dBm

Input Port

RF In / Ant

If Filter

230 KHz

Ext TX Key

On / Off

AF Anl In

FM Demod

Filter 1

50 Hz HPF

Filter 2

15 KHz LPF

De-Emphasis

750 us / Off

Detector

Pk +- Max

FM Deviation

11.58

AF Freq

AF Gen 1 Freq

1.0000

AF Gen 1 Lvl

1.00000

KHz

6.00

Test Mode Commands:

11333# Loads synthesizer to chan

nel 333

12X# Set power level to step X,

where X is a power level from 1 to 7.

05# Turns on transmit carrier

KHz

• Select TX button from the Screen

Communications Analyzer Setup:

KHz

Control panel

• PWR is measured in dBm

• Set Frequency Measurement to auto

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER

DECODER

RADIO INT

or manual (display will show TX Freq. Error)

• Set TX frequency to 834.990 MHz

• Set IF filter to 230 kHz

• Set AF Filter 1 to 50 Hz

• Set AF Filter 2 to 15 kHz

• Set AF gen1 for 1 kHz frequency at 6V level (output will go to the audio port)

The TX Power Out specification for each portable power level is as follows:

Power Step 2 25dBm - 29dBm Power Step 3 21.5dBm - 25.5dBm Power Step 4 17.5dBm - 21.5dBm Power Step 5 13.5dBm - 17.5dBm Power Step 6 9.5dBm - 13.5dBm Power Step 7 5.3dBm - 9.5dBm

Refer to the TX troubleshooting section for radios not within the pass specifications. Note: When taking measurements, remember to compensate for cable loss.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 51

TX Frequency Error Test

Figure 27. TX Test Screen

Test ProceduresService Manual

TX Frequency Error Test

TX TEST

TX Frequency

834.9900

Tx Power

Tune Mode

Auto / Manual

Tune Freq

834.990000

MHz

Tx Pwr Zero

Zero

27.49

MHZ

dBm

Input Port

RF In / Ant

If Filter

230 KHz

Ext TX Key

On / Off

AF Anl In

FM Demod

Filter 1

50 Hz HPF

Filter 2

15 KHz LPF

De-Emphasis

750 us / Off

Detector

Pk +- Max

FM Deviation

AF Freq

AF Gen 1 Freq

AF Gen 1 Lvl

11.58

1.00000

1.0000

KHz

6.00

Test Mode Commands:

11333# Loads synthesizer to channel

333 122# Set power level to step 2 05# Turn on transmit carrier

KHz

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER

RADIO INT

Communications Analyzer Setup:

• Select TX button from the Screen

Control panel

• PWR is measured in dBm

• Set Frequency Measurement to auto or manual (display will show TX Freq.

Error)

• Set TX frequency to 834.990 MHz

• Set IF filter to 230 kHz

• Set AF Filter 1 to 50 Hz

• Set AF Filter 2 to 15 kHz

• Set AF gen1 for 1 kHz frequency at 6V level (output will go to the audio port)

The frequency error measured on the communications analyzer must be less than ±1 kHz.

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Page 52

TX Maximum Deviation Test

Figure 28. TX Test Screen

TX TEST

TX Frequency

834.9900

Tx Power

Tune Mode

Auto / Manual

Tune Freq

834.990000

MHz

Tx Pwr Zero

Zero

27.49

MHZ

dBm

Input Port

RF In / Ant

If Filter

230 KHz

Ext TX Key

On / Off

AF Anl In

FM Demod

Filter 1

50 Hz HPF

Filter 2

15 KHz LPF

De-Emphasis

750 us / Off

Detector

Pk +- Max

FM Deviation

AF Freq

AF Gen 1 Freq

AF Gen 1 Lvl

11.58

1.00000

1.0000

KHz

6.00

KHz

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER

RADIO INT

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

Communications Analyzer Setup:

• Select TX button from the Screen

Control panel

• PWR is measured in dBm

• Set Frequency Measurement to auto or manual (display will show TX Freq.

Error)

• Set TX frequency to 834.990 MHz

• Set IF filter to 230 kHz

• Set AF Filter 1 to 50 Hz

• Set AF Filter 2 to 15 kHz

• Set AF gen1 for 1 kHz frequency at 6V level (output will go to the audio port)

Test Mode Commands:

11333# Load synthesizer to channel

333

122# Set power level to power step

2 05# Turn on transmit carrier 356# Select External TX Audio path 10# Unmute TX Audio path 58# Turn on compandor

View FM Deviation for reading.

TX Maximum Deviation Pass Specifications: 9.8 kHz - 12 kHz.

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Page 53

TX SAT Deviation Test

Figure 29. Call Control Screen

Test ProceduresService Manual

TX SAT Deviation Test

834.9900

27.49

333

-50.0

dBm

231

CALL CONTROL

MHz

FM Deviation

dBm

AF Freq

Voice Channel Assisgnment

Chan : -

Pwr Lvl : -

SAT :

KHz

1.890

KHz

6.00000

212

5970Hz

Display

Data / Meas

Active Register Page Access Connect

Active Register Page Handoff Release

Order

Chng PL 0

MS Id

Phone Num 1111111111

TX Frequency

TX Power

System Type

AMPS

Cntrl Chan

Amplitude

SID

Procedure

1 Dial the desired phone number on

the mobile station and press SEND.

2 The Access annunciator will light

while the Test Set signals the mobile on the assigned voice chan nel.

3 The connect annunciator will light

if the mobile properly signals the Test Set.

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNF G ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

Select CALL CNTL from the To Screen

• Select System type: AMPS

• Zero the RF Power meter in the:

Call Config Screen

• Set Amplitude to: -50 dBm

• Set SID: Your phone’s System ID

• Select: Active

• Voice Channel Assignment Type:

• Chan: 212

• Pwr Lvl: 4

• SAT: 5970Hz

View FM Deviation for the reading.

The transponded peak SAT FM deviation should be 2 kHz ±200 Hz.

The demodulated signal on the communications analyzer should have an audio frequency of 6000 Hz.

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Page 54

TX ST Deviation Test

Figure 30. TX Test Screen

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

TX TEST

TX Frequency

834.9900

Tx Power

Tune Mode

Auto / Manual

Tune Freq

834.990000

MHz

Tx Pwr Zero

Zero

27.49

MHZ

dBm

Input Port

RF In / Ant

If Filter

230 KHz

Ext TX Key

On / Off

AF Anl In

FM Demod

Filter 1

50 Hz HPF

Filter 2

15 KHz LPF

De-Emphasis

750 us / Off

Detector

Pk +- Max

FM Deviation

AF Freq

AF Gen 1 Freq

AF Gen 1 Lvl

7.890

10.0000

1.0000

KHz

6.00

Test Mode Commands:

11333# Load synthesizer to channel

333

122# Set power level to power step

2 05# Turn on transmit carrier 14# Enable signaling tone

KHz

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER

RADIO INT

Communications Analyzer Setup:

• Select TX button from the Screen Con trol panel

• PWR is measured in dBm

• Set Frequency Measurement to auto or manual (display will show TX Freq. Error)

• Set TX frequency to 834.990 MHz

• Set IF filter to 230 kHz

• Set AF Filter 1 to 50 Hz

• Set AF Filter 2 to 15 kHz

• Set AF gen1 for 1 kHz frequency at 6V level (output will go to the audio port)

View FM Deviation for reading. The peak ST deviation measured on

the communications analyzer should be 8 kHz ±800 Hz deviation.

The demodulated signal on the communications analyzer should have an audio frequency of 10 kHz.

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Page 55

Setting up for PCS TDMA Measurements

Figure 31. Configure Screen

RX/TX Cntl

Auto / Manual Carrier / PTT

RF Offset

ON / Off

(Gen) - (Anl)

0.000000

MHz

RF Gen Volts

50 ohm / emf

Range Hold

Auto All Hold All

State : Auto

Notch Coupl

RF Gen1 None

Intensity

Beeper

Quiet

Low Battery

10 min

Date

0 7 2 0 9 9

MMDDYY

Time

1 0 . 3 8

HH.MM

PCS Mode

Off / On

CONFIGURE

RF Display

Freq / Chan

RF Chan Std

MS AMPS

User Def Base Freq.

800.000000

MHz

Chan Space

30.0000

KHz

(Gen) - (Anl)

45.000000

MHz

RF Level Offset

On / Off

PCS RF I/O

0.0

Firmware B.05.04

Total RAM 928kB

Serial No. US35360396

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT SERVICE

Test ProceduresService Manual

Setting up for PCS TDMA Measurements

Power up the PCS Adapter, after two beeps are heard power up the 8920B

1 Go to the Configure screen on the

8920B (press blue shift key and then

the Config/Duplex key).

2 Turn PCS mode to On. 3 Go to the Call Cntrl Screen by select

ing More and then Call Cntrl from list.

Set PC Mode to “On”

Figure 32. Call Control Screen

Display

Data / Meas

Activ e Register Page Access Connect

Active Register Page Handoff Release

Cntrl Order

Send SMS

MS Id

Phone Num 1111111111

System Type

DCCH

Cntrl Chan

Dig / Analog US PCS

Ampli tude

SID

CALL CONTROL

Phone : 111-111-1111 ESN (dec) : 156-4460397 ESN (hex) : 9C440F6D SCM : Class IV, Continuous, 25 MHz Protocol Version : IS - 136 Model (hex) : 4 SW (hex) : 1 FW (hex) : 4

Traffi c Chan Assisgnment

-50.0

dBm

231

Type : Band : Chan : Slot : Pwr Lvl : DVCC : -

Voc : -

DTC US PCS

ACELP

1 4 1

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG CALL CNFG 2 ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL AUTHEN DIG MEAS

4 Select Call Config 2 Screen. 5 In the MS Capab field select select US

PCS

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 56

Setting up for PCS TDMA Measurements

Figure 33. DCCH Call Configure II Screen

Num Voice

Num SMS

Num Fax

Calling Num

Calling Name

Name Size

Pres Type

Pres OK

Screen Ind

Not Scrn

DCCH CALL CONFIGURE II

Temperature

Compensate

MS Capab

US PCS

To Screen

RF GEN RF ANL AF ANL SCOPE SPEC ANL ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT SERVICE

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

5 In the MS Capab field select select US

PCS

Figure 34. Call Control Screen

Display

Data / Meas

Activ e Register Page Access Connect

Active Register Page Handoff Release

Cntrl Order

Send SMS

MS Id

Phone Num 1111111111

System Type

DCCH

Cntrl Chan

Dig / Analog US PCS

Ampli tude

SID

CALL CONTROL

Phone : 111-111-1111 ESN (dec) : 156-4460397 ESN (hex) : 9C440F6D SCM : Class IV, Continuous, 25 MHz Protocol Version : IS - 136 Model (hex) : 4 SW (hex) : 1 FW (hex) : 4

Traffi c Chan Assisgnment

-50.0

dBm

231

Type : Band : Chan : Slot : Pwr Lvl : DVCC : -

Voc : -

DTC US PCS

ACELP

1 4 1

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG CALL CNFG 2 ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL AUTHEN DIG MEAS

6 On the Call Cntrl Screen under the

Cntrl Chan section select a digital control

channel and select US PCS in the Cellular

/ PCS field.

7 On the Call Cntrl Screen under the

Traffic Channel Assignment section in

the Band field select US PCS.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 57

Set up for TDMA call

Test ProceduresService Manual

Set up for TDMA call

Figure 35. Call Control Screen

Display

Data / Meas

Active Register Page Access Connect

Active Register Page Handoff Release

Cntrl Order

Send SMS

MS Id

Phone Num 1111111111

System Type

DCCH

Cntrl Chan

Dig / Analog US PCS

Amplitude

SID

CALL CONTROL

Phone : 111-111-1111 ESN (dec) : 156-4460397 ESN (hex) : 9C440F6D SCM : Class IV, Continuous, 25 MHz Protocol Version : IS - 136 Model (hex) : 4 SW (hex) : 1 FW (hex) : 4

Traffic Chan Assisgnment

-50.0

231

dBm

Type : Band : Chan : Slot : Pwr Lvl : DVCC : -

Voc : -

DTC US PCS

ACELP

1 4 1

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG CALL CNFG 2 ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL AUTHEN DIG MEAS

Call Process

The following 4 steps need to be performed prior to beginning registration test:

1. Enter Test Mode using FNC 0, 0, *, *,

T, E, S, T, M, O, D, E, STO.

2. Perform a 51# command in Test Mode to clear the Historic List. Turn off the telephone.

3. Connect the RF connector to the radio and power on.

Registration

1. Put the Test Set in Active state by selecting Active from the list on the left side of the screen.

2. Select Data from the Data/Meas field. This is the default mode.

3. Select Register from the list to register phone.

4. If the registration message has been received, the Test Set will display registration data in the upper half of the screen as

Select CALL CNTL from the To Screen

• Select System type: DCCH

• Zero the RF Power meter in the: Call

Config Screen

• Set Amplitude to: -50 dBm

• Set SID: Your phone’s System ID

• Select: Active

• Traffic Channel Assignment Type:

• Choose DTC to set up a Digital Traf fic channel

• Type: DTC

• Chan: 1

• Slot: 1

• Pwr Lvl: 4

• DVCC: 1

shown in the sample screen above.

Page

1 Select page from the list on the left side of the screen. 2 If the mobile responds, you will see the Access annunciator light briefly. 3 Answer the call by raising the flip or press SEND on the mobile to start the conversation. 4 The Connect annunciator lights. This is the Connect state. Data to be displayed is shown above.

Origination

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 58

MAHO Measurements

Figure 36. DCCH Call Configure Screen

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

DCCH CALL CONFIGURE

DCCH DVCC

128

Power Meter

Zero

Downband

Off / O n

Access Burst

Norm / Abbrev

RF Path

Bypass / IQ

DTC Burst

Norm / Shorten

Country Code

310

Callin g Num

Dig Signal

Std / NonStd

# Neighbors

Neighbor List

Channel

10 135 36 459 70

Figure 37. Call Control Screen

Display

Data / Meas MAHO

RSSI - Curr Chan dB

CALL CONTROL

>= -51

Active Register Page Access Connect

Active Register Page Handoff Release

Order

Chng PL 4

MS Id

Phone Num 1111111111

BER %

< 0.01

System Type

DCCH

Cntrl Chan

42 Dig/Analog

Ampli tude

-50.0

dBm

SID

231

Traffic Chan Assisgnment

Type : Chan : Slot : Pwr Lvl : DVCC : -

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG ANLG ME AS SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

Neighbor List Channel RSSI 10 <= -113 dBm 135 <= -113 dBm 36 -89 dBm 459 <= -113 dBm 70 <= -113 dBm

DTC

1 4 1

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

Setting up the MAHO measurement

1 Select CALL CNFG from the CALL

CONTROL’s To Screen.

2 Set the number of neighbors (up to 6)

with the field # Neighbors.

3 Neighbor List Channel fields ap

pear below the # Neighbors field.

4 Set the channel number of each neigh

bor channel.

Measuring MAHO

1 From CALL CONTROL screen, set

up a call (Test Set must be in Connect mode).

2 Select Meas from the Data / Meas

field.

3 Select the field that has appeared be

low Data / Meas. 4 Select MAHO from the list of choices. 5 The RSSI and BER of the current

channel are reported, as well as the

RSSI of the designated neighbor chan

nels.

MAHO (Mobile Assisted HandOff) is actually a measurement, not a handoff. The reported results are used by a base station to select the channel for the handoff.

The mobile performs the measurements, and

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

them reports the results back to the base station. The mobile measures the RSSI of neighboring channels, as instructed by the base station. It also measures and reports the RSSI and BER of the current channel.

Page 59

BER Measurements

Figure 37. Digital Measurements Screen

Test ProceduresService Manual

BER Measurements

DIGITAL MEASUREMENTS

DTC Meas

BER Arm Disarm

Amplitude

-110.0

dBm

BER Bits

10000

Trig Type

2x Frame 128

Traffi c Chan

333

Slot

DVCC

Cntrl Chan

DCCH DVCC

Loopback BER

2.8995

Bits Read: 10140

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

PCS Mode Handset Commands:

1 Enter 576# (Loopback mode) 2 11333# (Loads Synthesizer Channel) 3 Display prompt “Y” (enter desired

time slot, for this test enter 1)

4 Display prompt “Y” (enter band, 0 =

800, 1 = 1900) 5 Set power level to step 2 (122#) 6 Turn on transmitt carrier (05#)

BER Measurement Procedure

1 Make sure the Test Set is in Active

mode.

2 Select DIG MEAS from the To

Screen menu.

3 Select the DTC Meas field to display

a list of available tests. 4 Select BER from the list. 5 Enter the number of bits to be mea

sured in the BER Bits field. (Note: the

number of bits actually read will be

calculated in whole frames.) 6 Amplitude should be set to -110 dBm. 7 Traffic Chan to 333. 8 Slot to 1. 9 DVCC to 1. 10 Cntrl Chan to 42. 11 DCCH DVCC to 128. 12 Put the mobile into test mode and en

ter the proper test commands for BER

reading. 13 Select ARM. 14 After the actual number of bits has

been transmitted and received, the

BER should be displayed.

The BER measured on the communications analyzer must be less than or equal to 3%.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 60

TX Power Measurements

Figure 38. Digital Measurements Screen

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

DTC Meas

Avg Power

DIGITAL MEASUREMENTS

Average Power dBm

24.1898

Ampli tude

-50.0

TX Pwr Det

CW Mode

Trig Type

2X Frame

dBm

Traffi c Chan

333

Slot

DVCC

PCS Mode Handset Commands:

1 Enter 575# (Digital signaling mode) 2 11333# (Loads synthesizer Channel) 3 Display prompt “Y” (enter time slot) 4 Display prompt “Y” (enter band, 0 =

800, 1 = 1900) 5 Set power level to step 2 (122#) 6 Turn on transmitt carrier (05#)

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

Digital TX Power Out Test Procedure

1 Make sure the Test Set is in Active

mode.

2 Select DIG MEAS from the To

Screen.

3 Select the DTC Meas field. This

shows the To Screen with a list of

available tests. 4 Select AVG Power. 5 Traffic Chan should be set to 333. 6 Put the mobile into test mode. 7 Make Digital TX Power Out measure

ments.

Max Digital TX power out should be around

26 dB minus cable loss.

You can also use Digital Call processing to make these measurements.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 61

TX Frequency Error Measurements

Figure 39. Digital Measurements Screen

Test ProceduresService Manual

TX Frequency Error Measurements

DTC Meas

EVM 1

Ampli tude

-50.0

Pwr Gain

Auto / Hold

20 dB

Trig Type

2X Frame

dBm

DIGITAL MEASUREMENTS

Frequency Error

0.0081

TX Power

-2.35879

Traffi c Chan

333

Slot

DVCC

kHz

dB Peak EVM

EVM

3.9683

11.6270

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG ANLG MEA S SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

PCS Mode Handset Commands:

1 Enter 575# (Digital signaling mode) 2 11333# (Loads synthesizer Channel) 3 Display prompt “Y” (enter time slot) 4 Display prompt “Y” (enter band, 0 =

800, 1 = 1900) 5 Set power level to step 2 (122#) 6 Turn on transmitt carrier (05#)

TX Frequency Error Measurement Test

1 Make sure the Test Set is in Active

mode.

2 Select DIG MEAS from the To

Screen.

3 Select the DTC Meas field. This

shows the To Screen with a list of

available tests. 4 Select EVM 1. 5 Traffic Chan should be set to 333. 6 Put the mobile into test mode. 7 Frequency error is displayed.

The frequency error measured on the communications analyzer must be <200Hz.

You can also use Digital Call processing to make these measurements.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 62

EVM Measurements

Figure 40. Digital Measurements Screen

TDMA T2290/T2297Test Procedures

DTC Meas

EVM 1

Ampli tude

-50.0

Pwr Gain

Auto / Hold

20 dB

Trig Type

2X Frame

dBm

DIGITAL MEASUREMENTS

Frequency Error

0.0081

TX Power

-2.35879

Traffi c Chan

333

Slot

DVCC

EVM

kHz

dB Peak EVM

3.9683

11.6270

To Screen

CALL CNTL

CALL CNFG ANLG MEAS SPEC ANL DIG MEAS

PCS Mode Handset Commands:

1 Enter 575# (Digital signaling mode) 2 11333# (Loads synthesizer Channel) 3 Display prompt “Y” (enter time slot) 4 Display prompt “Y” (enter band, 0 =

800, 1 = 1900) 5 Set power level to step 2 (122#) 6 Turn on transmitt carrier (05#)

TX Frequency Error Measurement Test

1 Make sure the Test Set is in Active

mode.

2 Select DIG MEAS from the To

Screen.

3 Select the DTC Meas field. This

shows the To Screen with a list of available tests.

4 Select EVM 1. EVM 10 can also be

selected, it measures a 10 burst aver

age. 5 Traffic Chan should be set to 333. 6 Put the mobile into test mode. 7 EVM is displayed.

The 10 burst average EVM measured should be less than or equal to 12.5%.

You can also use Digital Call processing to make these measurements.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 63

Disassembly

CAUTION

wrist band, connected to an anti-

Introduction

Some troubleshooting and maintenance procedures for cellular phones require disassembly of the phone to gain access to internal components. Reasonable care should be taken to avoid damaging or stressing the housing and internal components during disassembly and reassembly.

Many of the integrated circuit devices used in this equipment are vulnerable to damage from static charges. An anti-static

Recommended Tools

The following tools are recommended for use during the disassembly and reassembly of the TDMA Modulus 3.

• Anti-Static Mat Kit (RPX-4307A); includes:

q Anti-Static Mat q Ground Cord q Wrist Band

• T6 Torx driver

static (conductive) work surface, must be worn during all phases of disassembly, repair, and reassembly.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 64

Disassembly TDMA T2290/T2297

Antenna Removal

Telephone Disassembly

Antenna Removal

Use the thumb and index finger to remove the antenna using a counterclockwise twisting motion.

Battery Removal

1. Turn off the telephone.

2. While holding the phone firmly with one hand, use the index finger on the other hand to press the latch on the battery cover.

3. Slide the cover back to release it from the phone.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 65

Disassembly TDMA T2290/T2297

Speaker Removal

4.Use the thumb and index finger to grab the batteries and pull them out of the telephone housing.

Back Housing Removal

1.Using a T6 Torx driver, unscrew the five torx screws that attach the back housing to the main body of the phone.

2.Carefully lift the back housing and pull it off the main assembly.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 66

Disassembly TDMA T2290/T2297

Keypad Removal

Transceiver Board Removal

While holding the phone firmly with one hand, use the thumb, middle and index fingers of the other hand to carefully separate the transceiver phone from the main assembly.

Display Removal

1. Lift the latches that hold the display in

place to separate the display from the main board.

2.Carefully separate the display from the

main board, taking special care not to damage the flex assembly.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 67

Disassembly TDMA T2290/T2297

Speaker Removal

3.Using tweezers, lift the flex connector to release the flex assembly from the main board. Carefully lift the display from the main board.

Keypad Removal

Lift the keypad from the front housing using the thumb and index fingers.

Speaker Removal

Carefully pry off the speaker from the front housing using tweezers.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 68

Disassembly TDMA T2290/T2297

Keypad Removal

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 69

Parts List

Introduction

Motorola maintains a parts office staffed to process parts orders, identify part numbers, and otherwise assist in the maintenance and repair of Motorola Cellular products. Orders for all parts listed in this document should be directed to the following Motorola International Logistics Department:

Accessories and Aftermarket (AAD) Schaumburg, IL, USA

Domestic Customer Service: 1-800-422-4210 Hours: 7am - 7pm US Central Time

International Customer Service: 1-847-538-8023 Hours: 8am - 6:30pm US Central Time

When ordering replacement parts or equipment information, the complete identification number should be included. This applies to all components, kits, and chassis. If the component part number is not known, the order should include the number of the chassis or kit of which it is a part, and sufficient description of the desired component to identify it.

Mechanical Explosion

The Mechanical explosion contains a table of mechanical part numbers that may change after publication of this manual. For an updated list of part numbers contact an AAD representative at the numbers listed above.

Electrical Parts

The eletrical parts list provided in this manual contains Motorola part numbers to all the electrical components that exist in the phone. The list is arranged in alphabetical order by reference designator.

AAD will have available the most common electrical components in their warehouse. Electrical components like resistors and capacitors are not normally available in AAD’s warehouse. If service centers require the purchase of components that are not available AAD’s warehouse, call the AAD customer service line and place a request to have the component available. If there is a high demand for a particular component, AAD will make the components available for purchase.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 70

TDMA T2290/T2297Parts List

7 0 L 5 3 1 9

0 50

ING

OUS

. H

MIC.KE

111213

FRT

. SY AS

GHT

S N

GRIP

SPR

TE AN

0 K 7 3 8 5 8

FT LE

P GRI

A 82

2 7 N

RY TTE

BA R

DOO

W E R

7 0 B 5 1 3 9 0

678

A 42

5 5 N

RY TE

BAT

R A L

1 0 K 1 4 9 5 8

1 0 K 8 3 0 9 0

CVR W/

FT SHA

HT RIG

H IS

D R

KE EA SP

1 0 Z 9 7 7 4 0

Figure 39. Mechanical Explosion

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

A NN TE AN

Y LA SP

R KE

A E

G IN

US HO

R REA

IN US HO

RT E

REA

567

M OM

R G

T ER

Page 71

Parts ListService Manual

Reference Designator

A100 C1 C10 C100 C1000 C1001 C1002 C1003 C1004 C1005 C1006 C1012 C1021 C1022 C1023 C108 C109 C1093 C11 C111 C112 C113 C12 C1200 C121 C122 C124 C125 C126 C127 C128 C129 C13 C131 C132 C133 C134 C135 C14 C15 C150 C1501 C1502 C1503 C1505 C1506

Part Number

39-89033K01 21-13743N26 21-13743N69 21-13743N22 21-13743M24 21-13741F49 21-13743E20 21-13743E20 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743E20 21-13928P04 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743L17 21-13743A23 21-13743M24 21-13743N19 21-13743L17 21-13743N40 21-13743L05 21-13743N14 21-13928P04 21-13743N30 21-13743N30 21-13743E07 21-13743L01 21-13743L05 21-13743L11 21-13743L17 21-13741A59 21-13743N40 21-13741F39 21-13743E20 21-13743N50 21-13743L41 21-13743N26 21-13743L17 21-13743N34 21-13743L41 21-13928G01 21-13743N24 21-13743N24 21-13928K09 21-13928K09

Reference Designator

C1507 C1508 C1509 C151 C1510 C1511 C1512 C1513 C1514 C1515 C1516 C1518 C1519 C152 C1520 C1521 C1522 C1523 C153 C1530 C1531 C1535 C1536 C1537 C1538 C1539 C1540 C1541 C1542 C1544 C1545 C1546 C155 C1550 C1551 C1552 C1553 C1562 C1563 C1564 C1570 C1571 C1572 C1573 C1574 C1575

Part Number

21-13743E20 21-13928K09 23-11049A62 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743L17 21-13743L05 21-13743N50 21-13743E20 21-13928N01 23-11049A89 21-13743L01 21-13743N35 21-13743L01 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N37 21-13928K09 21-13928K09 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13928N01 21-13743L11 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13928N01 21-13743E20 21-13743N40 21-13928N01 21-13743N26 21-13743N50 21-13743E20 21-13743E20 23-11049A62 23-11049A62 21-13928L05 23-11049A65 21-13743L41 21-13928N01 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40

Reference Designator

C1576 C1577 C1578 C1579 C1580 C1581 C1582 C1583 C1584 C1585 C1587 C1588 C1589 C1590 C1591 C1592 C1593 C1594 C1595 C1596 C1597 C1598 C16 C1700 C1701 C1702 C1800 C1801 C1802 C1803 C1804 C1805 C1806 C1807 C1808 C1809 C1810 C1811 C1812 C1813 C1814 C1815 C1816 C1817 C18853 C18860

Part Number

21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743E20 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N26 21-13743N26 21-13743G26 21-13743F18 21-13743N24 21-13743E20 21-13743N24 21-13743N24 21-13743N24 21-13743N24 21-13743N24 21-13743N28 21-13743N40 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743L41 21-13743E07 21-13743L25 21-13743N50 21-13743L41 21-13743L41 21-13743N16 21-13743E20 21-13743E20 21-13743E20 21-13743E20 21-13743A23 21-13743L41 21-13743E20 21-13743L41 21-13743L17 21-13743L41 21-13743L01 21-13743N50 21-13743N40

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 72

TDMA T2290/T2297Parts List

Reference Designator

C18862 C18871 C18873 C18881 C18885 C18886 C18887 C18889 C18900 C18901 C18902 C18903 C18908 C18910 C18911 C18912 C18913 C18914 C18915 C1900 C1902 C1903 C1904 C1905 C1906 C1910 C1911 C2 C20 C202 C203 C204 C205 C21 C23 C24 C25 C251 C252 C253 C26 C261 C262 C263 C272 C273

Part Number

23-11049A62 21-13743L41 21-13743N30 21-13743L17 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13740F27 21-13740F27 23-11049A86 21-13928L05 21-13928N01 21-13743N26 21-13743N26 21-13743B29 21-13743N40 23-11049A86 23-11049A86 21-13743G26 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743M24 21-13743G26 21-13743N50 21-13743L17 21-13743N20 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743L41 21-13743N40 21-04801Z18 21-04801Z12 21-13743N40 21-13743L17 21-13928C03 21-13743F16 21-13743L41 21-13743L17 21-13743L41 21-13743F16 21-13743L41 21-13743L27 21-13743L41

Reference Designator

C274 C3 C30 C300 C302 C303 C304 C305 C306 C307 C308 C309 C310 C311 C312 C313 C315 C316 C317 C32 C33 C333 C334 C335 C339 C34 C342 C343 C35 C350 C351 C36 C37 C38 C389 C395 C399 C4 C400 C401 C402 C404 C405 C406 C407 C410

Part Number

21-13743L41 21-13743N40 21-13743N03 21-13743N40 21-13743L17 23-11049A40 21-13743N50 21-13743L17 21-13743E20 21-13743N09 21-13743L17 21-13743L01 21-13743L01 21-13743N33 21-13743N33 21-13743L27 21-13741A61 21-13743N50 21-13743L27 21-13743N69 21-13743N18 21-13743N67 21-13743L41 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743L25 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N30 21-13743N40 21-13743N03 21-13743N22 21-13743N40 21-13743N05 21-13743N30 21-13743L17 21-13743L17 21-13743L17 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743L41 21-13743N40 21-13743N24 21-13743N40 21-13743N28 21-13743N05

Reference Designator

C411 C412 C413 C414 C425 C426 C427 C447 C452 C454 C455 C487 C499 C5 C501 C502 C503 C504 C505 C506 C508 C509 C51 C510 C511 C512 C513 C515 C516 C517 C52 C53 C54 C550 C552 C628 C711 C772 C800 C801 C802 C803 C804 C805 C806 C807

Part Number

21-13743N26 21-13743N26 21-13743N28 21-13743N05 21-13743N40 21-13743L41 21-13743L17 21-13743N26 21-13743N20 21-13743L17 21-13928N01 21-13743N40 21-13743N67 21-13743N02 21-13743N28 21-13743L41 21-13743N28 21-13743L41 21-13743L41 21-13743N28 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N09 21-04801Z14 21-13743N28 21-13743N28 21-13743N05 21-13743N16 21-13743N09 21-13743N40 21-13743N18 21-13743N16 21-13743N12 21-13743N02 21-13743N23 21-13743N22 21-13743N30 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743N27 21-13743N17 21-13743N40 21-13743N24 21-13743N23 21-13743N16

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 73

Parts ListService Manual

Reference Designator

C808 C811 C814 C815 C820 C821 C822 C823 C824 C825 C826 C827 C828 C829 C830 C831 C882 C883 C884 C885 C886 C887 C888 C898 C899 C902 C903 C904 C905 C906 C907 C911 C912 C913 C914 C962 C963 C9910 C998 CR100 CR1001 CR1540 CR1562 CR1563 CR1590 CR1597

Part Number

21-13743N40 21-13743N11 21-13743N69 21-13743N15 21-13743N40 21-13743M24 21-13743N40 21-13743N15 21-13743N69 21-13743N40 21-13743N40 21-13743L17 21-13743N40 23-03770S08 21-13743N26 21-13743N40 21-13741F41 21-13741F25 21-13741A45 21-13740F67 21-13741A61 21-13741F25 21-13743N40 21-13743L41 21-13743N40 21-04801Z16 21-04801Z20 21-13743N24 21-13743M24 21-13743N24 21-13743N24 21-04801Z13 21-04801Z11 21-13743N12 21-04801Z12 23-11049A86 23-11049A86 21-13743N40 21-13928N01 48-09877C08 48-09606E07 48-09924D09 48-09653F07 48-09606E02 48-09924D09 48-09948D33

Reference Designator

CR1598 CR1599 CR300 CR301 CR302 CR501 CR502 CR503 CR504 CR730 CR810 CR822 CR823 CR910 DS901 DS902 DS903 DS904 DS905 DS906 DS907 DS908 DS909 DS910 DS911 DS912 DS913 F500 FL10 FL100 FL20 FL30 FL350 FL413 FL452 FL453 FL454 J1 J100 J900 J902 J940 J941 J942 L101 L11

Part Number

48-09948D33 48-09948D33 48-09877C08 48-09877C08 48-09948D13 48-09948D33 48-09948D33 48-09948D12 48-09948D33 48-09606E02 48-09606E02 48-09948D12 48-09948D12 48-09606E02 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 48-09496B11 91-09381T01 91-03913K04 91-62928D01 91-03917K04 91-85861J02 91-03913K06 91-85623G02 91-03913K03 91-85911J05 91-03913K03 09-85882K01 09-87378K01 09-09195E01 09-09059E01 09-85839G03 39-09301S02 39-09301S02 24-04574Z11 24-09154M62

Reference Designator

L12 L150 L1550 L1593 L1594 L1599 L20 L21 L23 L30 L302 L303 L31 L351 L361 L378 L40 L400 L401 L403 L404 L405 L406 L407 L451 L452 L502 L503 L504 L505 L550 L552 L553 L555 L800 L802 L803 L804 L820 L821 L907 L962 L967 L968 L969 Q1099

Part Number

24-09154M61 24-62587Q53 24-09154M68 24-09154M71 24-09154M71 24-09154M71 24-13926K25 24-13926K23 24-13926K27 24-09154M56 24-09414M17 24-09414M12 24-09154M56 24-62587V33 24-09154M65 24-09154M65 24-09154M54 24-09154M57 24-09154M63 24-09154M51 24-09646M22 24-09646M98 24-09154M60 24-09154M58 24-09154M68 24-09154M68 24-09154M55 24-09154M60 24-09154M62 24-09154M63 24-09154M57 24-09154M55 24-09154M51 24-13926M14 24-09348J08 24-09154M62 24-09154M63 24-09154M63 24-09646M22 24-09646M22 24-09154M71 24-09414M09 24-09154M71 24-09154M61 24-09646M05 48-82033T02

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 74

TDMA T2290/T2297Parts List

Reference Designator

Q1501 Q151 Q152 Q1551 Q1574 Q1597 Q1598 Q1802 Q1803 Q1804 Q1805 Q1806 Q1807 Q1809 Q1810 Q1811 Q1812 Q301 Q351 Q391 Q401 Q411 Q475 Q501 Q502 Q503 Q505 Q810 Q811 Q820 Q821 Q880 Q901 Q910 Q962 R1000 R10013 R10014 R10016 R10017 R10018 R10021 R10023 R10024 R1005 R1009

Part Number

48-09579E42 48-09579E24 48-09605E02 48-09607E05 48-09579E40 48-09939C06 48-09607E02 48-09579E02 48-09579E02 48-09579E02 48-09579E02 48-09579E24 48-09807C32 48-09605E02 48-09605E05 48-09605E02 48-09807C37 48-09579E02 48-09579E43 48-09527E24 48-09527E22 48-87716K01 48-09579E42 48-09607E05 48-09527E18 48-09579E30 48-09579E02 48-09579E24 48-09579E24 48-09607E05 48-09607E05 48-09579E30 48-09807C32 48-09579E24 48-13824B11 06-62057N03 06-62057N06 06-62057M98 06-62057M98 06-62057M98 06-62057M38 06-62057M98 06-60076N36 06-62057M73 06-62057M98 06-62057M26

Reference Designator

R10095 R10096 R1010 R10100 R10101 R10102 R10103 R10104 R10105 R10106 R10107 R10108 R10109 R1011 R10110 R10115 R10117 R1012 R10120 R10124 R10127 R10129 R1013 R10130 R10131 R10132 R10133 R10134 R10136 R1014 R1030 R1031 R1032 R1036 R1050 R1088 R1089 R1090 R1092 R1097 R1098 R1099 R1100 R1101 R1102 R1103

Part Number

06-62057M36 06-62057M36 06-62057N01 06-62057M90 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057N03 06-62057M74 06-62057M98 06-62057M01 06-62057M74 06-62057M01 06-62057N23 06-62057N09 06-62057M67 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057N17 06-62057M66 06-62057M58 06-11079A20 06-62057N23 06-62057N23 06-62057N09 06-62057N15 06-62057N15 06-62057M84 06-62057N15 06-62057M74 06-62057N23 06-62057M01 06-62057N15 06-62057N15 06-62057N03 06-62057N01 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38

Reference Designator

R1104 R1105 R1106 R1107 R1108 R1109 R1110 R1111 R1112 R1200 R1201 R1203 R1204 R1205 R121 R122 R131 R151 R1512 R1513 R1514 R1515 R1516 R152 R1521 R1522 R1523 R1524 R153 R1532 R1533 R1534 R1536 R1537 R154 R1540 R1553 R1554 R1555 R1561 R1573 R1574 R1575 R1580 R1581 R1592

Part Number

06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M38 06-62057M90 06-62057M98 06-62057M98 06-62057N23 06-62057M74 06-62057M98 06-62057M90 06-62057M74 06-62057N03 06-62057M01 06-62057M01 06-62057M01 06-62057M98 06-62057N15 06-62057N15 06-62057N31 06-62057N25 06-62057M82 06-62057M98 06-62057N09 06-62057N25 06-62057N31 06-62057M90 06-62057M54 06-62057M98 06-62057M67 06-62057N15 06-62057M98 06-62057N13 06-62057M01 06-62057M92 06-60076N49 06-62057N23 06-62057N47 06-62057M98 06-62057M82 06-62057M98

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 75

Parts ListService Manual

Reference Designator

R1593 R1594 R1596 R1597 R1598 R1700 R1800 R1801 R1804 R1806 R1810 R1811 R1820 R1830 R1900 R1901 R1910 R1911 R1912 R1913 R201 R3 R30 R301 R302 R303 R304 R305 R306 R308 R311 R341 R342 R350 R391 R392 R393 R402 R403 R405 R406 R407 R408 R409 R425 R450

Part Number

06-09591M45 06-62057N39 06-62057N39 06-62057M98 06-62057M98 06-62057N33 06-62057N11 06-62057M01 06-62057M82 06-62057N16 06-62057N17 06-62057N17 06-62057N23 06-62057N15 06-62057M26 06-62057M01 06-62057M90 06-62057N11 06-62057N11 06-62057N15 06-62057M43 06-62057M37 06-62057M65 06-62057M72 06-62057N17 06-62057N01 06-62057N13 06-62057M81 06-62057N06 06-62057M54 06-62057M43 06-62057N13 06-62057N07 06-62057M68 06-62057M96 06-62057N03 06-62057M64 06-62057M98 06-62057N13 06-62057M34 06-62057M85 06-62057M52 06-62057M40 06-62057M85 06-62057N13 06-62057M50

Reference Designator

R451 R452 R498 R499 R501 R502 R503 R504 R505 R506 R507 R508 R509 R510 R511 R515 R52 R53 R551 R552 R554 R562 R60 R712 R721 R722 R723 R724 R725 R726 R727 R728 R729 R730 R734 R735 R800 R801 R802 R804 R806 R807 R808 R809 R811 R825

Part Number

06-62057M43 06-62057M74 06-62057M98 06-62057M98 06-62057M38 06-62057M98 06-62057M90 06-62057M90 06-62057N11 06-62057M76 06-62057M62 06-62057M38 06-62057M62 06-62057M50 06-62057M56 06-62057M46 06-62057M43 06-62057M43 06-62057A40 06-62057A40 06-62057A05 06-60076S01 06-62057N09 06-62057M01 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M90 06-62057M74 06-62057M74 06-62057M36 06-62057M26 06-62057M95 06-62057M61 06-62057M78 06-62057M43 06-62057M26 06-62057M26 06-62057M76 06-62057M36

Reference Designator

R881 R882 R883 R884 R893 R906 R907 R908 R911 R964 R999 RT1 S508 S512 S525 SH1 SH10 SH11 SH2 SH3 SH4 SH5 SH6 SH7 SH8 SH9 U10 U1000 U110 U1200 U1300 U150 U1500 U1501 U1800 U1900 U1907 U1908 U301 U306 U801 U901 U903 U960 VR1500 VR1551

Part Number

06-62057M92 06-62057N03 06-62057M92 06-62057M85 06-62057M94 06-62057M80 06-62057M80 06-62057M73 06-62057M66 06-80195M64 06-62057M20 06-87802K01 40-09368L01 40-09368L01 40-09368L01 26-87601K01 26-87610K01 26-87963K01 26-87602K01 26-87603K01 26-87604K01 26-87605K01 26-87606K01 26-87607K01 26-87608K01 26-87609K01 51-09944C39 51-09841C57 51-09879E24 51-99404C01 51-09509A16 48-09443R06 51-09879E42 51-09817F27 51-09817F34 51-99400C03 51-09962C16 51-99434A01 51-09879E25 48-09283D38 51-09730C16 51-09730C15 51-09920D22 51-09923D46 48-09788E06 48-09788E06

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 76

TDMA T2290/T2297Parts List

Reference Designator

VR501 VR502 VR960 XFMR37 Y1500

Part Number

48-09788E06 48-09788E06 48-09788E06 58-85758J03 48-09995L08

Reference Designator

Part Number

Reference Designator

Part Number

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 77

Antenna Circuit

Two RF ports are designed in this transceiver; internal antenna and external antenna. An RF switch controls which antenna path is going to be used during operation. Since this transceiver operates in two frequency bands(800MHz and 1900MHz), the switch also controls the RF frequency paths. Only one RF port and frequency band is used at a time, therefore, only one RF switch configuration is used while the other is irrevelent.

General Description

cellular band and 192.36 MHz in the PCS band. The RX loop operates from 981-1006 MHz in the cellular band and from 1021-1051 MHz in the PSC band. The IC also provides regulator and superfilter functions for its synthesizer and the external VCOs. The IF portion of the IC operates with an input frequency of 112.32 MHz. The IC is linear up to the I and Q outputs of the baseband filters, can operate with internal or external AGC, and has a minimum dynamic range of

-96.5 to -5.5 dBm. Both ZIF and SYN sections of the IC contain battery saving circuitry controlled by the SPI, and activated by an external pin.

RX Front End

In 800MHz mode, the receive signal is mixed with the VCO and the result is the IF signal which is filtered prior to entering the ZIF/ SYN IC.

In 1900MHz mode, the VCO signal goes through a frequency doubler before getting mixed with the 1900MHz receive signal. This process allows the 1900MHz carrier frequency to be removed without the need of a second VCO.

NADC/PDC ZIF/SYN IC

The NADC/PDC ZIF/SYN is a 2.75 volt 81 pin BGA. It provides two fractional N phase locked loops for use with external VCOs. The transmit loop operates at 157.32 MHz in the

TX Operational Description

For the 800 Mhz band, the TX carrier frequency is generated by mixing the main VCO signal with the offset VCO.In analog mode, the Offset VCO is modulated to provide FM.

In digital mode, the mixer output feeds an IQ modulator which is bypassed in analog mode.The signal passes through attenuators before being fed to the driver amplifier with bandpass filters and then it is sent to the 2 stage power amplifier. The Offset VCO, TX mixer, IQ modulator and amplifiers are contained within a custom integrated circuit.

The MerlinTX is a custom IC intended to provide IQ modulator, power control, and exciter functions for IS-136 TDMA portable cellular

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 78

Analog TX Audio Processing

TDMA T2290/T2297General Description

phones. Both cellular and PCS bands are supported. The following functional blocks are contained in the IC:

• Feedback amplifier for offset synthesis

• Offset mixer for transmit generation

• Quadrature Modulator

• VCA for transmit power control

• Cellular PA and PCS PA

• Upconverter for PCS operation

For the 1900 Mhz band, the signal from the Offset VCO mixes with the main VCO to provide the TX IF.The signal,after passing through a series of attenuators, is filtered and mixed with the Main VCO signal to generate the 1900 TX carrier frequency.This signal goes throught the amplifying stages.The synthesizer consists of a ZIF/SYN IC that contains a reference divider, phase detector circuitry,prescaler,regulators and a charge pump as well as some circuitry for the Offset VCO.

The reference frequency source for the Main VCO is provided by a temperature controlled crystal oscillator.

In analog mode, DTMF, ST and SAT (among other things) are used to modulate the Offset VCO.In both 800 MHz and 1900 MHz digital modes, audio coming in from the microphone is filtered, digitized and structured into a TDMA time slot. A directional coupler and detector circuit at the output of the power amplifier provides a carrier power indicator to the logic unit, which then uses this value as feedback to set the voltageto the voltage controlled attenuator in an automatic power control loop.Power output is continually monitored.

The transmitter and receiver are duplexed with bandpass filters to a switch that feeds the signal to either the antenna connector or the external antenna jack.

Analog TX Audio Processing

The analog voice signal coming in through the microphone is taken by the CODEC and digitized.The samples produced by this step are then sent to the DSP.The following steps are realized with software implementation:

• Nominal TX Mic. Audio adjust amplifier

• Compressor -using a variable gain ampli-

fier that controls the stage’s gain by detecting the power at its output and applying the result to control the gain

• Deviation Limiter – using an amplifier in

conjunction with a 7th order odd polynomial with two output comparators. The polynomial reduces the amount of spectral splatter while the comparators switch as the signal reaches a high or low threshold.

• Audio mute

• Summing of all analog transmit modula-

tion signals (Mic. Audio, Data/ST, DTMF and SAT)

A post-limiter splatter filter works with an up-shelf and a down-shelf filter to limit the maximum deviation of the transmitter.Data/ Signaling Tone is generated as a sinusoidal signal using a look-up table, which eases the filtering requirements for this signal because of the reduced harmonic energy it entails. DTMF is generated using look-up tables and SAT processing is also performed in the Transmit Audio Circuitry.

The D/A converts audio samples to an analog signal. This signal is then filtered and

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 79

General DescriptionService Manual

GCAP II

applied to the Analog Mod. Input of the synthesizer circuit

Digital TX Audio Processing

The analog voice signal coming in through the microphone is taken by the CODEC and digitized. The samples are transmitted to the DSP where microphone compensation and echo cancellation processes take place. The DSP uses ACELP to compress the samples into data bits.These bits are interleaved with speech data from adjacent speech frames for error protection. System messages are then combined with the data bits and sent to the data converter for modulation. The data converter modulates the data using differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK). The bit streams generated from this step are converted to analog signals which are filtered before being transmitted.

DSP Lucent 1629

Digital Signal Processor, 80 MIPS, 3 volt operation. It has a DPS1600 core with 16k words of internal dual-port RAM and 48k words of ROM. It is contained in a 169 ball µBGA package with the balls on a 13 x 13mm grid on 0.8mm centers.

function controlled from DSP.

• The IO, test, 19.44MHz clock control, SPI,

and CS switch module provides a 4-bits general-purpose I/O port, with programmable data direction, chip testing output pins muxed with IO pins, 19.44MHz clock control, SPI bus enable control, and special RAM chip select switch function. It also is used to generate a PWM output (PWM_OSC pin).

• The GP timer module is a general purpose

timer. It is synchronous, 16 bits, count-down, preloadable, readable, and reloading on terminal count. It’s input clock is 32.768KHz, which can be disabled, divided-by-2, or divided-by-4.

• The FIFO SOI Interface provides a 96 bit

and a 16 bit buffer register accessible by either the DSP or HC12. The DSP controls who has write access to the data buffer and the SPI control register. Data is written in using 8 bit words and sent via the RF SPI as either a 96 bit or 16 bit write. The SPI clock speed is selectable as either 4.86MHz or 1.215MHz. The external SPI clock automatically stops after each write. The internal SPI clock can be disabled to save current. A maskable interrupts are available at the end of each SPI write.

GCAP II

Stuart IC

The STUART chip is a device intended for the following five functions.

• The HPI module provides a bus intercon-

nection function, the host port, for the call processor (HC12) to talk to the DSP section via the call processor’s parallel bus, interconnected to the DSP’s parallel memory bus.

• The DSP Timer module provides a timer

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

GCAP II is intended to provide audio and power management functions for Motorola cellular telephone applications. GCAP II is composed of two die. The GCAP II contains the following functions:

• 2.775V linear regulator (V1)

• 5V linear regulator (VSIM)

• 2.775V linear regulator (V2)

• 2.775V linear regulator (V3)

Page 80

GCAP II

• 2.775V low current reference (REF)

• Two BUCK/BOOST switching regulators

Switcher # 1 not used Switcher # 2 BUCK mode 3.3V

• Charge Pump Output

• High End PA Regulator

• Differential Speaker (earpiece) amplifier

• Single ended Alert amplifier

• Single ended Auxiliary amplifier

• Turn on control signals to activate the

radio

• Turn off control signals to turn off the

radio if an error is detected

• Battery Charger

• SPI interface

• 10 channel 8 bit A/D

• 8 bit D/A

• Microphone amplifiers

• DSC bus buffers

• Audio CODEC with serial interface

• SPI interface

TDMA T2290/T2297General Description

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 81

General DescriptionService Manual

To GCAPII

RX_2.75V

VCC

RF_DATA

DATA

HV_SPLY

RF_CLK

ZIFSYN_EN

CEX

CLK

To DCI

RX_ I

AGC_STEP

I_OUT

ATTN_CNTL

ZIF IC

RX_Q

AGC

Q_OUT

AGC_RSSI

CLKIN

VAGIN

19.44Mhz

ZIFSYN_VREF

LVPADC

Ref. OSC.

SYNTHESIZER

FRACTIONAL-N

ZIF

TX_SF

FMOUT

OVCO_C

FM Mod.

Offset

VCO

TXPRE_IN

To DCI

A_D

TX_STEP

QMOD_KEY

MODE_A_D

OUT_BIAS

MOD_EN

800*_1900

BAND_SEL

MERLIN_TX

To DCI

TX_Q

TX_QX

TX_I

TX_IX

RF_DET

AOC_CNT

VCA_CNTL

RXPRE_IN

2nd VCO

BPF: 869 - 894Mhz

Retractable Antenna

Diplexer

112.32Mhz

Crystal Filter

1st Mixer

MC13747

LNA

Figure 40. RF Block Diagram

switch

1st Mixer

LNA

Cell_Duplexer

Internal Buffers

RXPRE_IN

Main VCO

PCS_Duplexer

BPF: 1930 - 1990Mhz

Discrete

PCS_TX: 1850 - 1910Mhz

PCS_PA

CELL_TX: 824 - 849Mhz

Detector

CELL_PA

Switch

Position

Antenna connector/

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Page 82

General Description

TDMA T2290/T2297

FREQ_ERROR

PAD1

OSC_DIS

PH7

DISP_CS

PF3

KEYPAD

BACKLIGHT

AND

DISPLAY

SED1567

PJ7

PF1

BOOM_MIC_DTCT

uBGA

8 MEG

FLASH

COG

96x32

FLASH_WP

PJ6

68HC12

144 BALL BGA

Thunder Lite

PT3

PT5

PT1

PT2

LED

ALERT

SILENT

AUX_BAT_SER_DAT

MAIN_BAT_SER_DAT

FLASH_EN

PF5

SIZE8_PE3

64Kx16

SRAM

uBGA

RW_PE2

PT0

FLIP SWITCH

RAM_CS

PF6

E_PE4

IRQ_PE1

3WB

SCI/DATA BUS

VIBRATOR

RF SPI

BATT_FDBK_EN

CHRG_AUX_BATT

CHRG_MAIN_BATT

RDB

IO2

IO1

IO0

IO3

EXTAL

HREQB

ECLK

CP DATA

PF0

DATA

SPI BUS

XTAL

PF2

EE HOLD

RF_SPI

UP_CSB

ASIC

Stuart

CP ADDR

R_WB

RESET

IO_DSP

ADDR

PF4SRIN

PJ0WDI

VSTDBY_PAD7SR_VCCOUT

RESET ARSIE

PS7

EE_EN

128K

EEPROM

32KHz

TX_CNTL

TXENBLB

GP_INT

D_RWB

DSP_TRAP

WATCHDOG

SRAM VCC

LINES

CONTROL

RF SECTION

19.44 MHZ

RX_I

DEMOD

AGC_STEP

DISC

C19_44MHZ

TXENABLE

AGC_STEP

CLKIN

OSC_OUT

DCI_FS

DSP DATA

DSP ADDR

DATA

ADDR

INT0

RWN

SROUT

TRAP PT6

INT1

RESETB

TRST

SPI BUS

RESET

XTAL2

XTAL1 32KHZ

RESET

SSI BUS

IRQ

CKI

CKO

CKI2

SSI BUS

B+

VSIM

VOLTAGE

DOUBLER

SUPPLY

VSIN

VSIM

TX_I

TX_Q

TX_IX

TX_QX

TX_Q

TX_QX

TX_STEP

BAT_SAV

QMOD_KEY

TX_I

TX_IX

RX_EN

DCI

SPI BUS

IOBIT3_PB7

1629

144 BALL FSBGA

169

LUCENT DSP

2.75V TX_2.75V

RX_2.75V

2.75V

2.75V SUPPLY

SUPPLY

B+

VIN1

VIN2

VIN3

BGA

GCAP 2

RX_I

AGC_RSSI

V_DISP

RX_Q

AFC

PWM_EN

AFC

PWM_EN

-5V REG

AOC_CNTL

AOC

AOC_CNTL

ACP_CNTL

IOBIT0_PB4

IOBIT2_PB6

CODEC BUS

RF_DETECT

CIRCUIT

CONTROL

AOCM

RF_DETECT

TYPHOON

AUDIO/LOGIC

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 41. AL Block Diagram

AUDIO OUT

AUDIO IN

MAN_TEST

SW_EXT_B+

BATT FDBK

MANTEST

ACCESSORY CONNECTOR

CMP

EXT_B+

DISCONNECT

CIRCUIT

RJB 2/99

MOTOROLA

CONFIDENTIAL PROPRIETARY

EXTB+

External Interface

(six test points)

GND

SCI TX/RX

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

CHRG_AUX_BATT

CHRG_MAIN_BATT

AD1

AD0

3WB_RTN

AGC_RSSI

AD2

CMP_LVL

CHARGE

CONTROL

AUX BATT

BAT_FDBK_COM

AD3

AD4

MAN_LVL

AUX_BAT_THERM

COVIC

EXTB+

MAIN BATT

MOBPORTB

AD5

AUX_BATT+

MAIN_BAT_THERM

AUX_FET

PWRON

AUX

AUX_BAT

Charger

FR_EN

TR_SET

AUX_FET

SWITCH

SENSE

MAIN_FET

B+

MAIN_FET

B+

MAIN_BATT+

MAIN

SWITCH

ALRTOUT

MAIN_BAT

EXTOUT

BOOM OUT

AUDIO OUT

SPKRIN

SPKR+

HEADSET

HSET_DTCT

SPKROUT

SPKR-

DETECT

CIRCUIT

MB_CAP

MIC_BIAS

AUX_MIC-

AUX_OUT

BOOM MIC

EXT_MIC

MICIN+

MICIN-

MICOUT

DISCRETE AUDIO COMPONENTS

AUDIO IN

Page 83

Service Diagrams

Introduction

The service diagrams were carefully prepared to allow a Motorola certified technician to easily troubleshoot cellular phone failures. Our professional staff provided directional labels, color coded traces, measurement values and other guidelines to help a technician troubleshoot a cellular phone with speed and accuracy.

We worked hard in trying to provide the best service diagrams, therefore, to avoid cluttered diagrams, we excluded some components from the service diagrams. Our professional staff carefully selected to excluded components that are unlikely to fail.

Test Point Measurements

nections. Because of the sensitivity of RF, measured

readings will be greatly affected if they’re taken in certain locations. To get the most accurate readings, take measurements nearest to the labeled measurement on the service diagram.

The measurements labeled on the service diagrams are approximate values and may vary slightly. These measurements are dependent on the accuracy of the test equipment.

It is strongly recommended that the test equipment calibration schedule be followed as stated by the manufacturer. RF probes should be calibrated for each frequency in which tests are going to be performed.

The types of probes used will also affect measurement values. Test probes and cables should be tested for RF losses and loose con-

B-1

Page 84

TDMA T2290/T2297: Antenna Circuit

F500

A100

J100

FL100

RF_800

FL453

RX_800

TX_800

RF_1900

RX_1900

TX_1900

Description

A100 is the internal antenna port for dual band operation(800 &1900MHz). An antenna tap(J100) is used to allow a RF connection to test equipment for proper diagnostic testing. When nothing is inserted in J100, the switch is closed, allowing the internal antenna path to be used. If a connection is inserted in J100, the switch will open, not allowing the internal antenna path to be used. During this state the external RF path will be used.

Diplexer FL100 is used to isolate the two operating frequency bands. The cellular(800MHz) frequencies will be routed to duplexer F500. The PCS(1900MHz) frequencies will be routed to duplexer FL453.

F500 is a 800MHz duplexer used to isolate the cellul ar(800MHz) transmit and receive frequencies. FL453 is a 1900MHz duplexer used to isolate the PCS(1900MHz) transmit and receive frequencies.

Page 85

TDMA T2290/T2297: Antenna Circuit

C24

page B5

RX_800

C550

L550

C552

L552

FL100

L553

J100

C554

A100

L562

FL453

Channel: 333 Cellular TX Freq: 834.99MHz

F500

PCS TX Freq: 1859.97MHz Cellular RX Input Freq: 879.99MHz PCS RX Input Freq: 1940.01MHz RX Input: -20dBm TX Power Level 2

TX SIGNAL

RX SIGNAL

Colored boxes represent the area in which the components are placed.

This manual is Motorola property. Copying or distribution strictly prohibited without prior written consent from Motorola and must be returned upon Motorola's request.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

C815

page B19

TL541

TX_800

800 Mhz

RX TX RX TX

21.41dbm-39.64dbm -47.7dbm 7.43dbm

1.9Ghz

1.9GHz

RX TX800MHz

-32.97dbm 15.12dbm

-38.55dbm 5.60dbm

RX_1900

TX_1900

C36

page B5

C772

page B19

Page 86

TDMA T2290/T2297: Front End IC(U10)

FL10

RX_800

800*_1900

RX_1900

RX_2.75

BAND_ SW

VCC

U10

BUFF_VCO

VCO

FL20

RX_IF

DBLR_IN

FE_EN

LO_CTL

SW_QMOD_KEY

FL30

Descriptio n

The RX front end IC(U10) is used as a first amplifier an d downconverter for dual-band RF applications. It removes the RX carrier frequency to produce the RX IF signal. U10 also has some internal LNAs for the receive signals and buffers for the VCO signals.

U10 has two RF input ports. One is used for the 800MHz receive signal and the other is used for the 1900MHz receive signal. Both signals are amplified within U10 and then routed to an external filter(FL10, FL30). The signal is then inje cted into the Down Converter of U10.

In 800MHz mode, the receive signal is mi xed with the VCO and the result is the receive intermediate frquency(IF) signal which is filt ered by FL20 prior to entering the ZIF/ZYN IC(U110).

In 1900MHz mode, the VCO output (DBLR_IN) goes through a frequency doubler internal to U10 before getting mixed with the 1900MHz receive signal. This process allows the 1900MHz carrier frequency to be removed without the need of a second VCO.

Line 800*_1900 is used to select which frequency path will be enabled for U10. Line 800*_1900 is high in 800MHz mode and low in 190 0MHz mode.

Line FE_EN enables or disables normal operation of U10. A low state at FE_EN will disable U10. This line is use d to disable U10 when the transceiver is in it's idle or transmit slot state. It is also used during sleep mode conditions.

Page 87

TDMA T2290/T2297: Front End IC

Channel: 333 Cellular RX Input Freq: 879.99MHz PCS RX Input Freq: 1940.01MHz RX Input: -20dBm

VCO SIGNAL

RX SIGNAL

VOLTAGE SUPPLIES

Colored boxes represent the area in which the components are placed.

RX_2.75V

page B25

R53

page B13

RX_2.75V

page B25

R808

page B9

R808

page B9

-8.12dBm

112.32Mhz

RX_2.75V

page B25

-34.79dBm

1006.2Mhz

BUFF_VCO

DBLR_IN

VCO

-16.13dBm

1006.252Mhz

C20

L20

FL30

FL20

C21

L21

L23

-18.3dbm

1940.01 Mhz

C51

-14.7dBm

893.97Mhz

-20.1dbm

1940.01 Mhz

C38

C32

R30

1 2

IF-

3 4

IF+

U10

5 6

8 9 10 11 12

C13

FL10

893.97Mhz

TX On Off

2.87V 0V

L31

222324

-14.9dBm

1920

Band

L30

18 17

16 15 14 13

C12

C35

C34

C14

800 1900

2.81V0V

C30

-35.18dbm

1940.01 Mhz

RX_1900

SW_QMOD_KEY

800*_1900

FE_EN

L11

-30.16dBm

893.97Mhz

RX On Off

This manual is Motorola property. Copying or distribution strictly prohibited without prior written consent from Motorola and must be returned upon Motorola's request.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

RX_800

RX_IF

RX_2.75V

page B25

FL453

page B3

Q1501

page B25

U1907-64

page B35

U1800-18

page B23

F500

page B3

RX_2.75V

page B25

C1806

page B7

Page 88

TDMA T2290/T2297: ZIF_SYNTH (U110)

C109

AGC_RSSI

DEMOD

RX_I RX_Q

U1000

SPI BUS

Ref Osc

Description

DATA CLK CEX

2nd LO

Step

Atten.

Shifter

SPI BUS 8/16/96 BIT MODES

19.44MHz

U110

Converter

Cap

Filters

RSSI

MAIN LOOP

Offset LOOP

Demod

LP_SWITCH

VCO

Offset VCO

U110(ZIF_SYNTH) can be divided into two functional subsystems: The ZIF (Zero-Intermediate-Frequency) which provides all of the functions of the back-end of a receiver, and the SYN (SYNthesizer) which contains phase-locked loops and modulators to produce the Local Oscillator (LO) and modulated transmit carrier.

The ZIF implements the back end of the receiver. The incoming signal is attenuated, amplified and mixed down to an extremely low frequency(Baseband)-not quite DC. The first amplifier and an Automatic Gain Control(AGC) circuit adjusts the amplifier gain to maintain a constant level in the baseband filter. C109 is used to add stability to the AGC circuit.

The first mixing that occurs in th e ZIF requires a 2nd Local Oscillator that is running at 221.184MHz. The 2nd LO is divided down the n phased shifted before being mixed with the IF signal., producing the baseband signal

The baseband signal is low-pass filtered using a programmable low-pass filter. In TDMA mode, the baseband sign al is routed to U1800(DCI) via the RX_I and RX_Q lines. In analog mode, the baseband signal is up-converted and then FM-demodulated, producing the DEMOD signal which is rou ted to U1800(DCI) for filtering and deemphasis.

The RSSI(Receive Signal Strength Indicator) is a voltage that increases with respect to the received signal strength.

The SPI Bus is a serial interface used to program the internal filters and frequency dividers for U110, allowing selectivity of cellular channels.

RF 19.44Mhz input is used to provide a frequency reference for U110.

Page 89

TDMA T2290/T2297: ZIF_SYNTH (U110)

RX_2.75V

C302,C888

page B11

U1800-25

U1800-24 U1800-22

RX Input

TX_SF

page B25

HVCC

L351

page B13

R308

page B11

C303

page B11

page B25

U150

page B21

C884

page B9

R893

page B9

U1907

page B35

U1907

page B35

U1907

page B35

U1000

page B37

U1800

page B23

page B9

U1500

page B25

page B23

<-52dBm >-52dBm

1.81V 2.83V

2.6v

2.75v

4.8v

-15.99dbm@157.32Mhz

-18.82dbm@192.4Mhz

OVCO_FDBK TXCP_ADA TXCP_OUT

2.75v

650mvp-p

RF_19.44MHZ RXCP_OUT

RXCP_ADA ZIF_SYN_EN

RF_CLOCK RF_DATA

FREQ_ERROR

DEMOD

LP_SWITCH

AGC_RSSI

RX_Q

450mvp-p

RX_I ZIFSYN_VREF

C272

C133

R131

C135

C131

C1505

C204

C134

DEMOD

CRAMP

1.4v

2.48v

C252

HV_BYP

TXPRE_VR

C262

4.7v

SF_BYP

U110

VAG_REF

VREF

VI_BYP

RXPRE_VR

COLL

BASE

EMIT

AGC_BYP

C251

L101

4.8v

C203

-16.3dbm@992.31Mhz

RXPRE_IN

2.52v

1.61v

4.8v

CR100

L962

-47.5dbm

221.184Mhz

2.75v

Channel: 333 Cellular RX Input Freq: 879.99MHz PCS RX Input Freq: 1940.01MHz RX Input: -20dBm

VCO SIGNAL TX SIGNAL

RX SIGNAL

VOLTAGE SUPPLIES

Colored boxes represent the area in which the components are placed.

2.75v

This manual is Motorola property. Copying or distribution strictly prohibited without prior written consent from Motorola and must be returned upon Motorola's request.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

-24.68dbm@112.32Mhz

RX_IF

AGC_STEP BATT_SAV

page B25

HVCC

R807

page B9

RX_SF

HVCC

RX_2.75V

page B25

RX_2.75V

page B25

FL20

page B25

U1800-45

page B23

U1800-16

page B23

Page 90

TDMA T2290/T2297: VCO

VCO_FDBK

RX_SF

VCO_STEER

RXCP_ADA

Filter

Q880

Filter Ckt.

U306

Q880

VCO_OUT

LP_SW

Description

U306 is the local oscillator module used to add frequency selectivity to the transceiver. The frequency of oscillation is dependent on the channel and frequency band that the transceiver will be operating in. The frequency is controlled by U110. U110 will receive channel information via the SPI bus and adjust the frequency of U306 by adjusting the voltage level to the input (VCO_STEER) of U306.

The output of U306 is split into two paths. One path (VCO_FDBK) is used to feed back the generated signal to U110. The signal is prescaled and sent through a phase detector for proper frequency locking. The second path (VCO_OUT) is sent to the front end IC(U10). This signal is used for proper downconversion of the receive signal.

When the transceiver is operating in the 800MHz band, U306 will oscillate at a frequency of 112.32+RX frequency. In the 1900MHz band, U306 will oscillate at a frequency of (112.32+RX)/2.

RX_SF (Super Filter) comes from U110 and provides a clean supply voltage to the VCO module.

LP_SWITCH control comes from U110. In Analog mode, the input to Q880 becomes high causing it to switch on. This condition will complete the filter circuit path

to ground, thus allowing the filter ciruitry to become active on the VCO_STEER line. This filter circuit is used to improve phase noise due to stringent adjacent channels in Analog mode.

The RXCP_AD A is a loop filter adapt output. During a high current state R893 will be grounded. This will increase the loop filter bandwidth by decreasing the amount of resistance at the discharge path of C884. During low curent conditions R893 will not be grounded. This will decrease the loop filter bandwidth by increasing the amount of resistance at the discharge path of C884.

Page 91

TDMA T2290/T2297: VCO (U306)

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Motorola Confidential Proprietary

C883

Q880

C888

C885

U110

page B7

Channel: 333 Cellular VCO Freq: 992.31MHz PCS VCO Freq: 1026.165MHz

VCO Signal VOLTAGE SUPPLIES Colored boxes represent the area in

which the components are placed.

LP_SW

R893

R884

R883

R882

R881

C886

C884

C882

C887

Channel

991 333

RXCP_OUT

799

1.25V 1.69V 2.04V

RX_CP_ADA

U110

page B7

U110

page B7

RX_SF

page B7

C202

page B7

-14.88 dBm@1900MHHz

1026.165MHz

-16.3 dBm@800MHz

992.31MHz

VCO_FDBK

C899

C898

U306

R807

R808

C628

Analog Digital

1.69V 2.59V

-8.31 dBm@1900MHHz

1026.165MHz

-12.61 dBm@800MHz

992.31MHz

VCO_OUT

C16

page B5

Page 92

TDMA T2290/T2297: TX Offset Oscillator

U1800

DCI

U110

ZIF-SYN

CR301

TXCP_OUT TXCP_ADA

LP_SWITCH

Loop Filter

Q301

CR300

Q391

Tank

Ckt

U301

MERLIN TX

B10

U1907

800*_1900

C316

Q351

VCO_FDBK

Description

The offset oscillator frequency is controlled by U110(Z IF/SYN) via TXCP_OUT. The operating frequency will depend on the dc biasing of CR300. The offset oscillator frequency is 157.32MHz in 800MHz mode, an d 192.36MHz in 1900MHz mode.

The two operating frequencies are controlled by the 800*_1900 line. A high state at 800*_1900 will switch Q351 on. This condition will bypass path to ground for C316, thus C316 is not be active with the tank circuit. During this state, the TX offset oscillator will operate at 192.36MHz. A low state at 800*_1900 will switch Q351 off. This condition will allow C316 to remain active with the tank circuit. During this state the TX offset oscillator will operate at 157.32MHz.

The TXCP_ADA is a loop filter adapt output. During a high current state R308 will be grounded. This will increase the loop filter bandwidth by decreasing the amount of resistance at the discharge path of C303. During low curent conditions R308 will not be grounded. This will decrease the loop filter bandwidth by increasing the amount of resistance at the discharge path of C303.

LP_SWITCH control comes from U110. In Analog mode, the input to Q301 becomes high causing it to switch on. This condition will complete the filter circuit path to ground, thus allowing the filter ciruitry to become active on the VCO_STEER line. This filter circuit is used to improve phase noise due to stringent adjacent channels in Analog mode.

In analog mode the FM signal comes from U1800(DCI) pin 39 and is modulated directly in the offset oscillator. The offset oscillator with the FM then enters U301 (QMOD). The Quadmod (U301) will fe ed back the offset frequency to U1 10 for proper PLL(Phase Locked Loop) operation.

Page 93

TDMA T2290/T2297: TX Offset Oscillator

B11

TX_SF

page B7

-11.39dBm@1900MHz

192.36MHz

-11.29 dBm@800MHz

157.32MHz

C350

page B13

This manual is Motorola property. Copying or distribution strictly prohibited without prior written consent from Motorola and must be returned upon Motorola's request.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

TX_SF

page B7

OVCO

R393

C312

R350

C311

Q391

C313

R391

R305

L303

C317

C310

C316

C309

L302

R304

C307

C399

Q351

R306

C308

CR301

Channel: 333 Cellular TX Offset Freq: 157.32MHz PCS TX Offset Freq: 192.36MHz

TX SIGNAL

VOLTAGE SUPPLIES

Colored boxes represent the area in which the components are placed.

800*_1900

U1907-64

page B35

U1800-39

page B23

TX_SF

page B7

U110

page B7

U110

page B7

TXCP_ADA

Mode

Analog Digital

2.72V 0V

LP_SW

R392

R308

R301

Q301

C315

R303

C304

C305

R302

Band 800 1900

2.9V .05V

B C

2.97V

1.4V 1.85V

TXCP_OUT

.08V

U110

page B7

C302

Page 94

TDMA T2290/T2297: MERLI N (U301)

U301

Merlin

U110

ZIFSYN

Main VCO

FM A_D

U10

Offset Oscillator

1900_OUT

FL413

XFMR377

U1800

DCI

B12

TX_I TX_Q TX_STEP

AOC_CNTL

Mod

FL350

800_OUT

800*_1900

U1700

Description

U301 is a TX modulator. It takes the TX information and modulates it on a carrier for RF transmission.

In analog mode the offset oscillator with the FM enters U301 and gets mixed with the main VCO. The resulting signal i s a differential carrier with the modulated information. The carrier is then passed through an IQ modulator. The A_D line controls the state of the IQ modulator. In analog mode, the IQ modulator simply feeds the carrier though to a voltage controlled amplifier(VCA). The gain of the VCA is controlled via the AOC_CNTL line, therefore, controlling the TX power steps of the transceiver. Once the carrier passes through the VCA, it passes through the cellular final p ower amplifier which is still intern al to U301.

In digital mode the offset oscillator doesn't contain the modulated information from the FM line. The offset oscillator is mixed with the main VCO and a differential output signal is sent through the IQ modulator. In digital mode, the A_D line configures the IQ modulator to allow IQ modulation to the carrier. The result carrier signal is then passed through the Voltage Controlled Amplifier(VCA). The gain of the VCA is adjusted by the AOC_CNTL line, thus controlling the TX digital power steps of the transceiver.

When operating in the 800MHz band the carrier is routed through the cellular fi nal power amplifier and out to the 800MHz transmit circuit. In 1900MHz mode the cellular final power amplifier is disabled via the 800*_1900 line and t he VCA output is routed to filter FL350 for noise and spurious performance improvement. The differential output is then routed into a PCS upconverter where the signal is upconvertered to a PCS frequency by mixing the carrier signal wi th the main VCO. The output of the PCS upconverter is then routed to a Balun(XFMR377) for single ended signal conversion. The newly created single ended TX carrier signal is then filtered by FL413 and routed through the PCS power amplifier internal to U301 before entering the 1900 TX exciter circuit.

The TX_STEP line is used to control the biasing to the cellular final a mplifier, PCS final amplifier, and the PCS upconverter. This line is us ed as a course gain control for the final amplifiers and PCS upconverter.

Page 95

TDMA T2290/T2297: Merlin TX(U301)

B13

TX_2.75

U1800-20

U1800-14

U1800-30

R350

page B11

TX_SF

page B7

OVCO

-18.82 dBm@1900MHz

192.36 MHz

-15.99 dBm@800MHz

157.32 MHz

C272

page B7

C52

page B5

OVCO_FDBK

VCO_BUFF

-9.11 dBm@1900MHz

1026.165 MHz

-23.85 dBm@800MHz

992.31 MHz

page B25

QMOD_KEY

page B23

A_D

page B23

AOC_CNTL

page B23

-15.95 dBm@1900MHz

192.36 MHz

C425

L451

R425

-20.39 dBm@800MHz

157.32 MHz

L351

C351

R311

C334

C339

C454

C300

L452

R403

OnTX

.09V

R53

C205

C487

Off

2.83V

This manual is Motorola property. Copying or distribution strictly prohibited without prior written consent from Motorola and must be returned upon Motorola's request.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

C350

R452

FL413

C413

C402

XFMR377

C447

L378

VCC_OFFSET OVCO_E

UPCON_OUT

U301

VCO_OUT

MERLIN

VCC_OFFSET2

C335

C427

C343

Band

R341

R342

800 1900

.05V

UPCON_OUTX

UPCON_IN

UPCON_INX

VCA_OUT

C18873

1900_IN

C412

C395

L381

L401

FL350

C18871

Analog

C342

C428

Digital

.06V2.98V

C1508

C401

C333

C389

C499

Power Step

Channel: 333 Cellular TX Freq: 834.99MHz PCS TX Freq: 1859.97MHz

VCO SIGNAL TX SIGNAL VOLTAGE SUPPLIES

Colored boxes represent the area in which the components are placed.

-29.31 dBm

1859.97MHz

-27.57 dBm

1859.97MHz

-5.65 dBm

834.99MHz

1900_OUT

800*_1900

800_OUT

TX_STEP

TX_QX

TX_IX

234

TX_Q

TX_I

TX_2.75

page B25

R408

page B15

FL452

page B15

U1907-64

page B35

U1800-17

page B23

U1800-41

page B23

U1800-42

page B23

U1800-37

page B23

U1800-38

page B23

TX_2.75

page B25

2.11v 1.81v 1.81v 1.38v 1.66v 1.52v

Page 96

TDMA T2290/T2297: Exciter

DRIV ER_B+

800_OUT

1900KEY

DRIVER_B+

B14

1900_OUT

800KEY

Description

CR810-A CR810-B

FL452

CR910-A CR910-B

Q475-A

Q475-B

Q401

Q411

TX_2.75

FL454

TX_2.75

Q810

Q910

A_D

800BIAS

Q811 R811

800_PA_IN

1900BIAS

1900_PA_IN

After the desired transmit information is modulated with a TX carrier frequency, enough signal power needs to be provided for RF transmission through the antenna. The exciter stage is used to relieve amplification of the final stage PA. This reduces excess heat dissipati on and overloading of the final stage PA.

In 800MHz mode, the TX signal passses through FL452 and then is a mplified by Q401. Q401 is driven on by suppling DRIVER_B+ through Q475-A. Q475-A can be switched on or off via the 800KEY line. In 800MHz TX mode, 800KEY is low. This state brings the gate of Q475-A to a low level, causing Q475-A to switch on.

There are two operating modes in the 800MHz band, analog and digital. In 800MHz mode Q810 is switched on with a low level of the gate. The output of Q810 will then be used to provide the biasing voltage for the final stage PA(U801).

The 800BIAS voltage level determ ines the operating condition of the final stage PA. A lower voltage level at 800BIAS denotes digital mode and a higher voltage level denotes analog mode. In analog mode, A_D is pulled high causing Q811 to be switched off. This state causes a voltage drop across R811, thus, having a lower voltage level at 800BIAS. In digital mode A_D is pulled low causing Q811 to be switched on. During this state R811 is bypassed and 800BIAS will have a higher voltage level.

In 1900MHz mode, the TX signal is ampli fied by Q411. Q411 is driven on by suppling DRIVER_B+ through Q475-B. Q475-B can be switched on or off via the 1900KEY line. In 1900MHz mode, 1900KEY is low. This state brings the gate of Q475-B to a low level, causing Q475-B to switch on.

1900BIAS provides the proper biasing voltage for the final stage PA(U901). 1900BIAS is supplied from TX_2.75. In 1900MHz mode, having 1900KEY low will switch Q910 on.

Page 97

TDMA T2290/T2297: Exciter

U1800-14

page B23

R802

page B17

DRIVER_B+

B15

page B25

R801

page B17

C333

page B13

-20.18 dBm

1859.97MHz

R999

page B17

C499

page B13

A_D

800BIAS

800_PA_IN

-25.96 dBm

1859.97MHz

1900_OUT

C407

1900_PA_IN

800_OUT

C411

L403

L407

C414

R407

R408

Q411

This manual is Motorola property. Copying or distribution strictly prohibited without prior written consent from Motorola and must be returned upon Motorola's request.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

-7.69 dBm

834.99MHz

FL454

R409

C410

C405

L405

FL452

-11.31dbm

843.99Mhz

Q475

C406

R405

Q401

L400

R450

L406

L404

C452

R451

R10017

R10016

R10018

C404

C455

R406

C400

-12.16 dBm

834.99MHz

Q811

-1.21 dBm

834.99MHz

-15.1dbm

834.99Mhz

800TX On Off

R811

Analog Digital

2.95V .11V

1.67V

4.47V .04V .27V .04V

1900KEY*

1900KEY

800KEY*

800KEY

Q810

R499

Q910

R498

1900BIAS

1900KEY

800KEY

Channel: 333 Cellular TX Freq: 834.99MHz PCS TX Freq: 1859.97MHz

1900TX On Off

TX SIGNAL VOLTAGE SUPPLIES

Colored boxes represent the area in which the components are placed.

.05V

4.46V .05V .05V .04V

U1907-61

page B35

Q901-4

page B17

U1907-62

page B35

Q1807-4

page B17

TX_2.75

page B25

R906

page B17

Q1805 Q1805

Page 98

TDMA T2290/T2297: PA Circuit

800KEY Q1807

B+

800BI AS

800_PA_IN TX_800

U801

1900KEY

B+

1900BIAS

B16

1900_PA_IN

Description

Q901

TX_800

U901

The final stage PA circuit provides the necessary amount of power for RF trasmission through an antenna. U801 is a PA module that is capable of operating in the 800MHz band under anal og or digital mode.

In analog mode linearity of the PA is not as critical as when operating in digital mode. For this reason, effeiciency is a more important factor than linearity when operating in analog mode. In digital mode, because of its IQ modulation scheme, PA linearity is a more important factor than efficiency.

Efficiency and lineari ty is controlled by varying the biasing of the PA(U801). In 1900MHz mode only one biasing method is needed since 1900M Hz mode only operates in digital mode.

Q1807 controls the supply voltage to U801. The PA supply is sourced from the B+ line. In 800MHz mode, 800KEY is held low ca using Q1807 to switch on. When 800KEY is pulled high, Q1807 is turned off and the supply to U801 is cut off.

Q901 controls the supply voltage to U901. The PA supply is sourced from the B+ line. In 800MHz mode, 1900KEY is held low causing Q901 to switch on. When 1900KEY is pulled high, Q901 is turned off and the supply to U901 is cut off.

After the TX carrier is amplified it's sent to the duplex filter for final transmission through the antenna.

Page 99

TDMA T2290/T2297: PA Circuit

This manual is Motorola property. Copying or distribution strictly prohibited without prior written consent from Motorola and must be returned upon Motorola's request.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

Q910

page B15

C407

page B15

1900BIAS 1900_PA_IN

C907

C904

C905

R999

R908

R911

L969

R10024

R907

C914

R906

C911

C912

C906

-38.36 dBm

B17

Q1804

1859.97MHz

page B15

1900KEY

C800

C801

Q901

B+

page B29

FL454

page B15

Q811

page B15

800_PA_IN

-19.4 dBm

834.99MHz

800BIAS

R10021

R804

R802

R801

R806

C807

C830

C808

C802

L802

R800

C803

L804

Q1807

R10115

U901

U801

R809

C903

C821

L800

C820

C814

800TX

C902

1900_TX

Channel: 333 Cellular TX Freq: 834.99MHz PCS TX Freq: 1859.97MHz

TX SIGNAL VOLTAGE SUPPLIES

Colored boxes represent the area in which the components are placed.

800KEY

1900TX

C806

C805

On Off

4.47V .04V

10.28 dBm

1859.97MHz

16.07 dBm

834.99MHz

800_TX

C772

page B19

Q1805

page B15

On Off

4.46V .04V .05V

C804

page B19

Digital

Analog

1.62v

Page 100

TDMA T2290/T2297: RF Detect/A_D Switch

TX_800

TX_1900

TL800 TL801

SW_QMOD_KEY

A_D

TL901 TL900

TX_1900

Q821

Q505

Load

CR822

TX_2.75

Load

SW_QMOD_KEY

TX_STEP

Q503-A

CR504

SW_QMOD_KEY

TX_800

RF_DET

TX_STEP

B18

Q501

Q503-B

Description

The RF detect circuit is used to detect the RF amplitude level of the TX signal. RF detect reports back to U1800(DCI) pin 31, using a dc level, for amplitude stabilization. The RF detect circuit is RF coupled with the TX sign al from either band, 800MHz or 1900MHz. The RF input is then converted into a dc level and sent to the RF_DETECT line. There are two stages in the RF detect circuit which are used to increase the dynamic range of the RF detect output. The two stages are controlled by the TX_STEP line input. TX_STEP is high when power steps 0 through 5 are used . TX_STEP is low when power steps 6 through 10 are used .

CR503

Q502

CR502

When TX_STEP is low Q503-A is switched on and Q503-B is switched off. Q501 inverts the state of Q503-B. This operation forward biases diode CR504. At the same time it cuts off the supply to diode CR502, thus not forward biasing CR502. Whe n TX_STEP is high Q503-A is switc hed off and Q503-B is switched on. This operation cuts off the supply to diode CR504. At the same time current is supplied to amplifier Q502 and CR502. During low power steps the signal is sent directly to the RF _DET output through CR504. During high power steps the signal passes through amplifier Q502 and then sent to the RF _DET output through CR502.

Proper PA loads need to be defined when operating in 800MHz analog and 800MHz digital mode. This is done by making Load B active or inactive on the PA output path. When transmitting in 800MHz analog mode, LOAD A is used and LOAD B is bypassed. LOAD B is bypassed by allowing CR8 22 to be forward biased. Forward biasing CR822 will provide a ground state at the anode side, thus allowing only LOAD A(C823) to be present.

CR822 is forward biased by having a supply voltage present at the AD_SW line. When the A_D line is pulled d own, Q505 is switched on, forcing the base of Q821 low. PNP transistor Q821 will then b e switched on, allowin g the output(AD_SW) to be pulled high from SW_QMOD_KEY.

In 800MHz digital mode, CR821 is not forward biased, thus having CR821 in an open state. During this state LOAD A and LOAD B are used for the PA load. To have CR822 in an open state, AD_SW is not pulled high by SW_QMOD_KEY. The AD_SW state is determined by the A_D line . Having a high state at A_D would switch Q505 off, thus not switching Q821 oon.

Motorola T2290, T2297 Service Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual