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agreements, contracts or licensing, without the express written consent of Lucent Technologies and the business management owner of the
material.
Trademarks
All trademarks and service marks specified herein are owned by their respective companies.
Notice
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this document was complete and accurate at the time of printing. However,
information is subject to change.
Release notification
This document describes AMU release 4.0 and covers previous releases.
Compared to provided descriptions some of the legacy releases may vary due to the feature upgrades.
Declaration of Conformity
The Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for this product can be found in this document at “Conformity statements” (p. 5-5),orat:
http://www.lucent.de/ecl.
WEEE directive
The Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) directive for this product can be found in this document at “Eco-environmental
statements” (p. 5-6).
Ordering information
The order number of this document is 365-312-847R4.0 (Issue 4).
Technical support
For information about Technical Support, please contact your Lucent Local/Regional Technical Support Service Representative or visit
http://www.lucent.com/support.
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To comment on this information product, go to the Online Comment Form (http://www.lucent-info.com/comments/enus/) or email your
comments to the Comments Hotline (comments@lucent.com).
Lucent Technologies - Proprietary
See notice on first page
Contents
About this information product
Purpose
Reason for reissue
Safety information
Intended audience
How to use this information product
Conventions used
Related documentation
Related training
Software Release Description
Intended use
Optical safety
Technical Documentation
How to order
Dual-homed ring application ............................................................................................................................................... 4-84-8
Aboutthis informationproductAbout this information product
Purpose
This Application and Planning Guide (APG) provides the following information about
®
the Metropolis
AMU, Release 1.0 through 4.0:
•System overview
•Product description
•Features
•Planning network applications
•Quality and reliability
•Product support
•Ordering.
Reason for reissue
This is the fourth issue of this guide for Metropolis®AMU Release 1.0 through 4.0.
The following table lists previous release versions and their corresponding features.
4.0August 2006The following features have been
provided in this release:
•Main unit-2xSTM-1/4 and 2 x
STM-4/16 interfaces using SFPs
•STM-16 SFPs
•Performance Monitoring features
The following performance
monitoring features have been
implemented in this release.
–General Purpose Ethernet Monitor
–Ethernet Service Monitor
–Ethernet Congestion Monitor
–Ethernet High Priority Traffic
Monitor
–Ethernet Low Priority Traffic
Monitor
–Ethernet Frame Delay Monitor.
•Advanced TransLAN® features for
the ESW4_E14 option card.
•Supported by the Lucent OMS
Release 5.0 and Wavestar® ITM-CIT
- Release 17.0
Safety information
This information product contains hazard statements for your safety. Hazard statements
are given at points where safety consequences to personnel, equipment, and operation
may exist. Failure to follow these statements may result in serious consequences.
Intended audience
The Metropolis®AMU Applications and Planning Guide is primarily intended for
network planners and engineers. In addition, others who need specific information
about the features, applications, operation, and engineering of Metropolis
find the information in this manual useful.
How to use this information product
Each chapter of this manual treats a specific aspect of the system and can be regarded
as an independent description. This ensures that readers can inform themselves
according to their special needs. This also means that the manual provides more
information than needed by many of the readers. Before you start reading the manual,
it is therefore necessary to assess which aspects or chapters will cover the individual
area of interest.
®
AMU may
The following table briefly describes the information presented in each chapter.
Appendix ASDH OverviewDescribes the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
standards for optical signal rates and formats
GlossaryDefines telecommunication terms and explains abbreviations and acronyms
IndexLists specific subjects and their corresponding page numbers
Conventions used
These conventions are used in this document:
Numbering
The chapters of this document are numbered consecutively. The page numbering
restarts at “1” in each chapter. To facilitate identifying pages in different chapters, the
page numbers are prefixed with the chapter number. For example, page 2-3 is the third
page in chapter 2.
Cross-references
Cross-reference conventions are identical with those used for numbering, i.e. the first
number in a reference to a particular page refers to the corresponding chapter.
Keyword blocks
This document contains so-called keyword blocks to facilitate the location of specific
text passages. The keyword blocks are placed to the left of the main text and indicate
the contents of a paragraph or group of paragraphs.
Typographical conventions
Special typographical conventions apply to elements of the graphical user interface
(GUI), file names and system path information, keyboard entries, alarm messages etc.
•Elements of the graphical user interface (GUI)
These are examples of text that appears on a graphical user interface (GUI), such
as menu options, window titles or push buttons:
Provision{, Delete, Apply, Close, OK (push-button)
–
Provision Timing/Sync (window title)
–
–View Equipment Details{ (menu option)
Administration → Security → User Provisioning{ (path for invoking a
–
window)
•File names and system path information
These are examples of file names and system path information:
–setup.exe
–C:\Program Files\Lucent Technologies
A hyphen between two keys means that both keys have to be pressed
simultaneously. Otherwise, a single key has to be pressed, or several keys have
to be pressed in sequence.
copy abc xyz (command)
–
A complete command has to be entered.
•Alarms and error messages
These are examples of alarms and error messages:
Loss of Signal
–
–Circuit Pack Failure
–HP-UNEQ, MS-AIS, LOS, LOF
–Not enough disk space available
Abbreviations
Abbreviations used in this document can be found in the “Glossary” unless it can be
assumed that the reader is familiar with the abbreviation.
Related documentation
This section briefly describes the documents that are included in the Metropolis®AMU
documentation set.
•Installation Guide
®
The Metropolis
AMU Installation Guide (IG) provides step-by-step instructions
for system installation and setup. It includes information needed for pre-installation
site planning and post-installation acceptance testing.
•Applications and Planning Guide
®
The Metropolis
AMU Applications and Planning Guide (APG) provides
recommendations for network planners, analysts, and managers. It is also used by
the Lucent Account Team. It presents a detailed overview of the system,
recommends applications, provides planning requirements, engineering rules,
ordering information, and technical specifications.
•User Operations Guide
®
The Metropolis
AMU User Operations Guide (UOG) provides step-by-step
instructions to perform routine system operations such as system provisioning,
operations, and administrative tasks using the ITM Craft Interface Terminal
(ITM-CIT).
•Alarm Messages and Trouble Clearing Guide
®
The Metropolis
AMU Alarm Messages and Trouble Clearing Guide (AMTCG)
provides a detailed description of alarm messages. It includes procedures for
routine maintenance, troubleshooting, diagnostics, and component replacement.
These documents can be ordered or downloaded from the Customer Information Center
(CIC) at http://www.cic.lucent.com/documents.html or via your Local Customer
Support.
Related training
For detailed information about the Metropolis®AMU training courses and how to
register, please refer to “Training support” (p. 6-11) in this document.
Software Release Description
The Software Release Description (SRD) provides a description of the Network
Element software upgrades and is also available with the Metropolis
This manual describes Metropolis
reasons, some of the documented features may not be available until later software
versions. For precise information about the availability of features, please consult the
Software Release Description (SRD) that is distributed with the network element
software. This information provides the actual product status at the time of software
delivery.
Intended use
This equipment shall be used only in accordance with intended use, corresponding
installation, and maintenance statements as specified in this documentation. Any other
use or modification is prohibited.
For a detailed description about Optical safety guidelines, refer the Metropolis®AMU
Safety Guide.
IEC Customer Laser Safety Guidelines
Lucent Technologies declares that this product is compliant with all essential safety
requirements as stated in IEC 60825-Part 1 and 2 “Safety of Laser Products” and
“Safety of Optical Fibre Telecommunication Systems”. Futhermore, Lucent
Technologies declares that the warning statements on equipment labels are in
accordance with the specified laser radiation class.
Lucent Technologies declares that this product is compliant with all essential safety
requirements as stated in IEC 60825-Part 1 and 2 “Safety of Laser Products” and
“Safety of Optical Fiber Telecommunication Systems”. Furthermore, Lucent
Technologies declares that the warning statements on equipment labels are in
accordance with the specified laser radiation class.
Optical Fiber Communications
This equipment contains an Optical Fiber Communications semiconductor laser/LED
transmitter. The following Laser Safety Guidelines are provided for this product.
General Laser Information
Optical fiber telecommunication systems, their associated test sets, and similar
operating systems use semiconductor laser transmitters that emit infrared (IR) light at
wavelengths between approximately 800 nanometers (nm) and 1600 nm. The emitted
light is above the red end of the visible spectrum, which is normally not visible to the
human eye. Although the radiant end at near-IR wavelengths is officially designated
invisible, some people can see the shorter wavelength energy even at power levels that
are several orders of magnitude below any levels that have been shown to cause injury
to the eye.
Conventional lasers can produce an intense beam of monochromatic light. The term
“monochromaticity” means a single wavelength output of pure color that may be
visible or invisible to the eye. A conventional laser produces a small-size beam of
light, and because the beam size is small the power density (also called irradiance) is
very high. Consequently, lasers and laser products are subject to federal and applicable
state regulations, as well as international standards, for their safe operation.
A conventional laser beam expands very little over distance, or is said to be very well
collimated. Thus, conventional laser irradiance remains relatively constant over
distance. However, lasers used in lightwave systems have a large beam divergence,
typically 10 to 20 degrees. Here, irradiance obeys the inverse square law (doubling the
distance reduces the irradiance by a factor of 4) and rapidly decreases over distance.
Lasers and Eye Damage
The optical energy emitted by laser and high-radiance LEDs in the 400-1400 nm range
may cause eye damage if absorbed by the retina. When a beam of light enters the eye,
the eye magnifies and focuses the energy on the retina magnifying the irradiance. The
irradiance of the energy that reaches the retina is approximately 105, or 100,000 times
more than at the cornea and, if sufficiently intense, may cause a retinal burn.
The damage mechanism at the wavelengths used in an optical fiber telecommunications
is thermal in origin, i.e., damage caused by heating. Therefore, a specific amount of
energy is required for a definite time to heat an area of retinal tissue. Damage to the
retina occurs only when one looks at the light long enough that the product of the
retinal irradiance and the viewing time exceeds the damage threshold. Optical energies
above 1400 nm cause corneal and skin burns, but do not affect the retina. The
thresholds for injury at wavelengths greater than 1400 nm are significantly higher than
for wavelengths in the retinal hazard region.
Classification of Lasers
Manufacturers of lasers and laser products in the U.S. are regulated by the Food and
Drug Administration’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health (FDA/CDRH) under
21 CFR 1040. These regulations require manufacturers to certify each laser or laser
product as belonging to one of four major Classes: I, II, lla, IlIa, lllb, or IV. The
International Electro-technical Commission is an international standards body that
writes laser safety standards under IEC-60825. Classification schemes are similar with
Classes divided into Classes 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, 3B, and 4. Lasers are classified
according to the accessible emission limits and their potential for causing injury.
Optical fiber telecommunication systems are generally classified as Class I/1 because,
under normal operating conditions, all energized laser transmitting circuit packs are
terminated on optical fibers which enclose the laser energy with the fiber sheath
forming a protective housing. Also, a protective housing/access panel is typically
installed in front of the laser circuit pack shelves The circuit packs themselves,
however, may be FDA/CDRH Class I, IIIb, or IV or IEC Class 1, 1M, 3R, 3B, or 4.
Laser Safety Precautions for Optical Fiber Telecommunication Systems
In its normal operating mode, an optical fiber telecommunication system is totally
enclosed and presents no risk of eye injury. It is a Class I/1 system under the FDA and
IEC classifications.
The fiber optic cables that interconnect various components of an optical fiber
telecommunication system can disconnect or break, and may expose people to laser
emissions. Also, certain measures and maintenance procedures may expose the
technician to emission from the semiconductor laser during installation and servicing.
Unlike more familiar laser devices such as solid-state and gas lasers, the emission
pattern of a semiconductor laser results in a highly divergent beam. In a divergent
beam, the irradiance (power density) decreases rapidly with distance. The greater the
distance, the less energy will enter the eye, and the less potential risk for eye injury.
Inadvertently viewing an un-terminated fiber or damaged fiber with the unaided eye at
distances greater than 5 to 6 inches normally will not cause eye injury, provided the
power in the fiber is less than a few milliwatts at the near IR wavelengths and a few
tens of milliwatts at the far IR wavelengths. However, damage may occur if an optical
instrument such as a microscope, magnifying glass, or eye loupe is used to stare at the
energized fiber end.
Use of controls, adjustments, and procedures other than those specified herein may
result in hazardous laser radiation exposure.
Laser Safety Precautions for Enclosed Systems
Under normal operating conditions, optical fiber telecommunication systems are
completely enclosed; nonetheless, the following precautions shall be observed:
1. Because of the potential for eye damage, technicians should not stare into optical
connectors or broken fibers
2. Under no circumstance shall laser/fiber optic operations be performed by a
technician before satisfactorily completing an approved training course
3. Since viewing laser emissions directly in excess of Class I/1 limits with an optical
instrument such as an eye loupe greatly increases the risk of eye damage,
appropriate labels must appear in plain view, in close proximity to the optical port
on the protective housing/access panel of the terminal equipment.
CAUTION
Laser hazard
Laser Safety Precautions for Unenclosed Systems
During service, maintenance, or restoration, an optical fiber telecommunication system
is considered unenclosed. Under these conditions, follow these practices:
1. Only authorized, trained personnel shall be permitted to do service, maintenance
and restoration. Avoid exposing the eye to emissions from un-terminated, energized
optical connectors at close distances. Laser modules associated with the optical
ports of laser circuit packs are typically recessed, which limits the exposure
distance. Optical port shutters, Automatic Power Reduction (APR), and
Automatic Power Shut Down (APSD) are engineering controls that are also used to
limit emissions. However, technicians removing or replacing laser circuit packs
should not stare or look directly into the optical port with optical instruments or
magnifying lenses. (Normal eye wear or indirect viewing instruments such as
Find-R-Scopes are not considered magnifying lenses or optical instruments.)
2. Only authorized, trained personnel shall use optical test equipment during
installation or servicing since this equipment contains semiconductor lasers (Some
examples of optical test equipment are Optical Time Domain Reflectometers
(OTDR’s), Hand-Held Loss Test Sets.)
3. Under no circumstances shall any personnel scan a fiber with an optical test set
without verifying that all laser sources on the fiber are turned off
4. All unauthorized personnel shall be excluded from the immediate area of the
optical fiber telecommunication systems during installation and service.
Consult ANSI Z136.2, American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers in the U.S.;
or, outside the U.S., IEC-60825, Part 2 for guidance on the safe use of optical fiber
optic communication in the workplace.
The technical documentation as required by the Conformity Assessment procedure is
kept at Lucent Technologies location which is responsible for this product. For more
information, please contact your local Lucent Technologies representative.
How to order
This information product can be ordered with the order number 365-312-847R4.0 at
the Customer Information Center (CIC), see http://www.cic.lucent.com/.
An overview of the ordering process and the latest software & licences information is
provided in Chapter 7, “Ordering” of this manual.
How to comment
To comment on this information product, go to the Online Comment Form
(http://www.lucent-info.com/comments/enus/) or e-mail your comments to the
Comments Hotline (comments@lucent.com).
Hazard statements describe the safety risks relevant while performing tasks on Lucent
Technologies products during deployment and/or use. Failure to avoid the hazards may
have serious consequences.
General structure
Hazard statements include the following structural elements:
ItemStructure elementPurpose
1Personal injury symbolIndicates the potential for personal injury
(optional)
2Hazard type symbolIndicates hazard type (optional)
3Signal wordIndicates the severity of the hazard
4Hazard typeDescribes the source of the risk of damage or
injury
5Damage statementConsequences if protective measures fail
6Avoidance messageProtective measures to take to avoid the hazard
7IdentifierThe reference ID of the hazard statement
The signal words identify the hazard severity levels as follows:
Signal wordMeaning
DANGERIndicates an imminently hazardous situation (high risk) which, if
not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
WARNINGIndicates a potentially hazardous situation (medium risk) which,
if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
CAUTIONWhen used with the personal injury symbol:
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation (low risk) which, if
not avoided, may result in personal injury.
When used without the personal injury symbol:
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation (low risk) which, if
not avoided, may result in property damage, such as service
interruption or damage to equipment or other materials.
The Metropolis®AMU is a high capacity, flexible and cost-effective wideband
multiplexer which can multiplex standard PDH and SDH bit rates as well as Ethernet
signals to line transport rates. In addition to a compact and flexible design, this system
is a useful element in building efficient and flexible networks due to its wide-ranging
capacity.
The 2m/4o version can be equipped with 2 main boards and upgraded with 4 option
cards as described in Chapter 2, “Product description” and thus be adapted to special
network requirements. The 1m/1o version can hold 1 main board and upgraded with
one option board. The 2m/4o version holds two slots for main cards where operation
with either one or two main cards is possible. The second main card can be operated
as an additional tributary card or as main card equipment protection. The system
provides the ability to add one option card.
®
In the access network, the Metropolis
AMU can be installed at the customer premises
for fiber-to-the-business applications enabling a variety of configurations. Other
applications include LAN-to-LAN traffic on campus networks or WANs.
Applications
®
The Metropolis
AMU MI-16/4 is an SDH STM-1/4 and STM-4/16 Terminal or
Add-Drop-Multiplexer optimized to provide various tributary services such as
STM-1/4, 1.5 Mbit/s, 2 Mbit/s, 34 Mbit/s, 45 Mbit/s, STM-1e, STM-4, 1000BASE-T/X
and 10/100BASE-T, to business and residential customers. The MI-14/4 main card is
an SDH STM-1/4 and STM-1 Terminal or Add/Drop Multiplexer and provides various
tributary services such as STM-1, 1.5 Mbit/s, 2 Mbit/s, 34 Mbit/s, 45 Mbit/s, STM-1e,
STM-4, 1000BASE-T/X and 10/100BASE-T.
®
The standard Metropolis
multirate STM-1/4 or STM-4/16 interfaces using SFPs. The Metropolis
AMU MI-16/4 main card can be equipped with two
®
AMU MI-14/4
main card can be equipped with two multirate STM-1/STM-4 and two STM-1
interfaces. When required, the main card can be equipped with SFPs for STM-1 or
STM-4 single fiber working and STM-1e. The equipment is capable of 1+1 MSP
protection and SNC/N protection.
®
The space-efficient design of Metropolis
more information, please refer to the Metropolis
AMU allows for wall or rack mounting. For
®
AMU Installation Guide.
The network applications can be found in Chapter 4, “Planning Network Applications”.
Management
The Metropolis®AMU is managed by network management systems from Lucent
Technologies. This includes the local craft terminal ITM-CIT which is available for
on-site tasks, remote operations, and maintenance activities. Lucent’s Network
Management Systems or the Lucent NMS enable integrated management of an entire
transport network.
The Metropolis®AMU is a part of the Metropolis®AMU suite, which is a
multi-service platform for next generation transmission products and have the prefix
“Metropolis” in their names. The system can be deployed together with other products,
®
for example Metropolis
AM / Metropolis®AMS. This makes Metropolis®AMU one
of the main building blocks for today’s and future networks.
Please check with Lucent Technologies for a complete list of products that are able to
The Metropolis®AMU is a high capacity, flexible and cost-effective wideband
multiplexer which can multiplex standard PDH and SDH bit rates as well as Ethernet
®
signals to line transport rates. The Metropolis
enabling cost-effective STM-1, STM-4, and STM-16 Add/Drop Multiplexer solutions.
Several mechanical variants are defined to target specific applications. One set of
boards is used across the various mechanical configurations of the Metropolis
Its space-efficient design allows for vertical (2m/4o and 1m/1o version) or horizontal
(1m/1o version) installation within controlled environment locations (interior ETSI and
19” racks). Note that the 2m/4o and 1m/1o versions and all the option cards used in
these versions support hot pluggable card insertion. The 2m/4o configuration allows the
placement of two systems side-by-side in a 19-inch or ETSI rack. The 1m/1o
configuration allows the placement of up to 5 systems side-by-side. Please refer to the
®
Metropolis
AMU Installation Guide for details.
AMU is a compact SDH Multiplexer,
®
AMU.
2m/4o version
The Metropolis®AMU 2m/4o version has 6 slots (2x main and 4x tributary) and is
optimized for high capacity and protected Central Office applications. The first and
second main units can be plugged into the two main slots that are provided with a
2m/4o configuration. Note that when a single main unit is used, it must be plugged
®
into the Main-1 slot. In the Metropolis
AMU 2m/4o configuration, a second main
card can be fitted for high-availability configurations or to increase the capacity for
®
STM line interfaces. Most of the existing Metropolis
AMU option boards can be
fitted via an adapter card, which occupies two tributary slots.
TRIB-2
TRIB-3
MAIN-1
TRIB-1
MAIN-2
TRIB-4
Start-up configuration - 1m/1o version
The Metropolis®AMU 1m/1o version has 2 slots (1x main and 1x tributary) and is
targeted for CPE and unprotected applications. The main unit can be plugged into the
main slot of a 1m/1o configuration.