Lucent Technologies GRF 1600, GRF 400 Getting Started
®
GRF
400/1600 Getting Started
1.4. Update 2
Part Number: 7820-2035-001
For software version 1.4.20 and later
September, 1999
Copyright© 1999 Lucent Technologies. All Rights Reserved.
This material is protected by the copyright laws of the United States and other countries. It may not be reproduced, distributed, or altered in any fashion by an y
entity (either internal or external to Lucent Technologies), except in accordance with applicable agreements, contracts, or licensing, without the express
written consent of Lucent Technologies.
For permission to reproduce or distribute, please contact: Alison Gowan, 1-612-996-6891
Notice
Every effort was made to ensure that the information in this document was complete and accurate at the time of printing. However, information is subject to
change.
Trademarks
GRF is a trademark of Lucent Technologies. Other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this publication belong to their respective owners.
Limited Warranty
Lucent T echnologies pro vides a limited w arranty to this product. See Appendix B, "Limited Warranty," in the GRF 400/1600 Getting Started manual for more
information.
Ordering Information
To order copies of this document, contact your Lucent Technologies representative or reseller.
Support Telephone Numbers
For a menu of support and other services, call (800) 272-3634. Or call (510) 769-6001 for an operator.
Lucent Technologies
Customer Service
Customer Service provides a variety of options for obtaining information about Lucent
products and services, software upgrades, and technical assistance.
Finding information and software on the Internet
Visit the Web site at http://www.ascend.com for technical information, product
information, and descriptions of available services.
Visit the FTP site at ftp.ascend.com for software upgrades, release notes, and addenda to
this manual.
Obtaining technical assistance
You can obtain technical assistance by telephone, email, fax, modem, or regular mail, as well
as over the Internet.
Enabling Lucent to assist you
If you need to contact Lucent for help with a problem, make sure that you have the following
information when you call or that you include it in your correspondence:
• Product name and model.
• Software and hardware options.
• Software version.
• Type of computer you are using.
• Description of the problem.
Calling Lucent from within the United States
In the U.S., you can take advantage of Priority Technical Assistance or an Advantage service
contract, or you can call to request assistance.
Priority T echnical Assistance
If you need to talk to an engineer right away, call (900) 555-2763 to reach the Priority Call
queue. The charge of $2.95 per minute does not begin to accrue until you are connected to an
engineer. Average wait times are less than three minutes.
Other telephone numbers
For a menu of Lucent’s services, call (800) 272-363). Or call (510) 769-6001 for an operator.
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 iii
Calling Lucent from outside the United States
You can contact Lucent by telephone from outside the United States at one of the following
numbers:
Telephone outside the United States (510) 769-8027
Austria/Germany/Switzerland
Benelux
France
Italy
Japan
Middle East/Africa
Scandinavia
Spain/Portugal
UK
For the Asia Pacific Region, you can find additional support resources at
http://apac.ascend.com
(+33) 492 96 5672
(+33) 492 96 5674
(+33) 492 96 5673
(+33) 492 96 5676
(+81) 3 5325 7397
(+33) 492 96 5679
(+33) 492 96 5677
(+33) 492 96 5675
(+33) 492 96 5671
Obtaining assistance through correspondence
Lucent maintains two email addresses for technical support questions. One is for customers in
the United States, and the other is for customers in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. If you
prefer to correspond by fax, BBS, or regular mail, please direct your inquiry to Lucent’s U.S.
offices. Following are the ways in which you can reach Customer Service:
• Email from within the U.S.—support@ascend.com
• Email from Europe, the Middle East, or Asia—EMEAsupport@ascend.com
• Fax—(510) 814-2312
• Customer Support BBS (by modem)—(510) 814-2302
Write to Lucent at the following address:
Attn: Customer Service
Lucent T echnologies Inc.
1701 Harbor Bay Parkway
Alameda, CA 94502-3002
iv GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Important safety instructions
The following safety instructions apply to the GRF router models GRF-4-AC, GRF-4-DC,
GRF-16-AC, and GRF-16-DC except as noted:
Read and follow all warning notices and instructions marked on the product or included in
the manual.
Do not attempt to service this product yourself, as opening or removing covers and/or
components may expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks. Refer all
servicing to qualified service personnel.
The maximum recommended ambient temperature for all GRF router models is 104˚
Fahrenheit (40˚ Celsius). Care should be given to allow sufficient air circulation or space
between units when the GRF chassis is installed in a closed or multi-unit rack assembly
because the operating ambient temperature of the rack environment might be greater than
room ambient.
Slots and openings in the GRF cabinet are provided for ventilation. To ensure reliable
operation of the product and to protect it from overheating, maintain a minimum of 4
inches clearance on the top and sides of the GRF 400 router, and a minimum of 6 inches
on the top and sides of the GRF 1600 router.
Installation of the GRF 400 or 1600 in a rack without sufficient air flow can be unsafe.
If a GRF router is installed in a rack, the rack should safely support the combined weight
of all equipment it supports.
- A fully loaded, redundant-power GRF 400 weighs 38.5 lbs (17.3 kg).
- A fully loaded, single-power GRF 400 weighs 32.5 lbs (14.6 kg).
- A four card, redundant-power GRF 1600 weighs 147 lbs (66.2 kg).
- A four card, single-power GRF 1600 weighs 127 lbs (57.2 kg).
The connections and equipment that supply power to GRF routers should be capable of
operating safely with the maximum power requirements of the particular GRF model. In
the event of a power overload, the supply circuits and supply wiring should not become
hazardous.
Models with AC power inputs are intended to be used with a three-wire grounding type
plug - a plug which has a grounding pin. This is a safety feature. Equipment grounding is
vital to ensure safe operation. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding type plug by
modifying the plug or using an adapter.
Prior to installation, use an outlet tester or a voltmeter to check the AC receptacle for the
presence of earth ground. If the receptacle is not properly grounded, the installation must
not continue until a qualified electrician has corrected the problem. Similarly, in the case
of DC input power, check the DC ground (s).
If a three-wire grounding type power source is not av ailable, consult a qualified electrician
to determine another method of grounding the equipment.
Models with DC power inputs must be connected to an earth ground through the terminal
block Earth/Chassis Ground connectors. This is a safety feature. Equipment grounding is
vital to ensure safe operation.
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 v
12
13
14
15
Install DC-equipped GRF 400 and 1600 routers only in restricted access areas in
accordance with Articles 110-16, 110-17, and 110-18 of the National Electrical Code,
ANSI/NFPA 70.
Do not allow anything to rest on the power cord and do not locate the product where
persons will walk on the power cord.
Industry-standard cables are provided with this product. Special cables that may be
required by the regulatory inspection authority for the installation site are the
responsibility of the customer.
When installed in the final configuration, the product must comply with the applicable
Safety Standards and regulatory requirements of the country in which it is installed. If
necessary, consult with the appropriate regulatory agencies and inspection authorities to
ensure compliance.
vi GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise
Die folgenden Sicherheitshinweise gelten für die GRF-Oberfräsenmodelle GRF-4AC,
GRF-4-DC, GRF-16-AC und GRF-16-DC, außer wenn anderweitig angegeben:
Lesen und befolgen Sie alle am Produkt angebrachten und im Handbuch enthaltenen
Warnhinweise und Anleitungen.
Versuchen Sie nicht, dieses Gerät selbst zu warten bzw. die Abdeckung zu öffnen oder
Bauteile zu entfernen. Hochspannungsgefahr. Die Wartung muß durch qualifiziertes
Fachpersonal ausgeführt werden.
Die empfohlene maximale Umgebungstemperatur für alle GRF-Oberfräsenmodelle liegt
bei 40º C. Sorgen Sie für gute Belüftung bzw. ausreichenden Abstand zwischen einzelnen
Geräten, wenn das GRF-Gehäuse in einem Einzel- oder Mehrfach-Einschubrahmen
installiert werden soll, da die Betriebstemperatur in dem Einschubrahmen evtl. höher als
die Raumtemperatur sein kann.
Schlitze und Öffnungen im GRF-Gehäuse dienen zur Belüftung. Um einen einwandfreien
Betrieb des Produktes zu gewährleisten und um Überhitzung vorzubeugen, jeweils oben
und an den Seiten der GRF-400-Oberfräse mindestens 10,16 cm und an der
GRF-1600-Oberfräse mindesten 15,24 cm Freiraum vorsehen.
10
Bei unzureichender Belüftung ist die Installation eines GRF-400 oder 1600 in einem
Einschubrahmen gefährlich.
Bei Installation einer GRF-Oberfräse in einem Einschubrahmen, muß dieser das
Gesamtgewicht aller darin installierten Geräte sicher tragen können.
– Ein komplett bestückter Redundanzstrom-GRF-400 wiegt 17,3 kg.
– Ein komplett bestückter Einzelstrom-GRF-400 wiegt 14,9 kg.
– Ein mit vier Karten bestückter Redundanzstrom-GRF-1600 wiegt 66,2 kg.
– Ein mit vier Karten bestückter Einzelstrom-GRF-1600 wiegt 57,2 kg.
Die Adapter und Geräte, die die GRF-Oberfräsen mit Strom versorgen, sollten auch bei
maximaler Stromanforderung des einzelnen GRF-Modells noch sicher laufen. Im Fall
einer Stromüberlastung sollten die Versorgungskreise und kabel keine Gefahrenquelle
darstellen.
Alle mit Netzeingängen versehenen Geräte müssen mit einem vorschriftsmäßigen Stecker
bestückt sein. Der Stecker bietet die notwendige Erdung und darf in keiner Weise
modifiziert oder mit einem Adapter verwendet werden.
Überprüfen Sie vor der Installation mit Hilfe eines Steckdosentestgerätes oder eines
Voltmeters die Erdung der Netzsteckdose. Sollte die Steckdose nicht ordnungsgemäß
geerdet sein, darf mit der Installation erst fortgefahren werden, wenn ein qualifizierter
Elektriker dieses Problem behoben hat. Handelt es sich um einen Gleichstromeingang ist
dieser in gleicher Weise auf ordnungsgemäße Erdung zu überprüfen.
Ist keine 3polige geerdete Stromquelle vorhanden, beauftragen Sie einen qualifizierten
Elektriker damit, das Gerät auf andere Weise zu erden.
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 vii
15
11
12
13
14
Bei Modellen mit Gleichstromeingängen muß ein Erdungsdraht entweder an der
Klemmleiste oder an einer Gehäuseschraube angeschlossen werden. Hierbei handelt es
sich um eine Sicherheitseinrichtung. Die Erdung des Gerätes ist eine wichtige
Voraussetzung für den sicheren Betrieb.
Die gleichstromausgerüsteten Oberfräsenmodelle GRF-400- und GRF-1600-Oberfräse
dürfen nur in Bereichen mit beschränktem Zugang, unter Berücksichtigung der
anwendbaren Bestimmungen für Elektroinstallationen sowie der Standards ANSI/NFPA
70 installiert werden.
Keine Gegenstände auf das Netzkabel stellen. Das Kabel so verlegen, daß Personen nicht
versehentlich darauf treten können.
Standardkabel sind im Lieferumfang des Produkts enthalten. Sonderkabel, die evtl. gemäß
den örtlichen Bestimmungen für die Installation erforderlich sind, sind vom Kunden zu
stellen.
Zur Installation in der endgültigen Konfiguration muß das Produkt den am Installationsort
geltenden Sicherheitsstandards und bestimmungen entsprechen. Genauere Informationen
erhalten Sie ggf. bei den zuständigen Behörden.
viii GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Contents
Contents
Customer Service..................................................................................................................... iii
About This Guide ............................................................................ xix
About 1.4 Update 2................................................................................................................ xix
What is in this guide............................................................................................................... xix
What you should know ............................................................................................................ xx
Documentation conventions................................................................................................... xxi
Documentation set................................................................................................................. xxii
Related publications.............................................................................................................. xxii
Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400........................................... 1-1
What is the GRF 400?............................................................................................................ 1-2
Which items are included in your system? ....................................................................... 1-2
AC power cord......................................................................................................... 1-2
Site-supplied components ................................................................................................... 1-3
Components you can add....................................................................................................... 1-3
Upgrading system memory.................................................................................................... 1-4
Overview of the GRF 400 base unit....................................................................................... 1-5
Control board .................................................................................................. 1-6
Switch control................................................................................................................. 1-6
System memory ........................................................................................... 1-7
Fans................................................................................................................................. 1-8
Fan “too slow” message........................................................................................... 1-8
Backplane .................................................................................................................. 1-8
Communications bus ....................................................................................... 1-8
Battery............................................................................................................................. 1-8
Power supplies ........................................................................................................ 1-9
Redundant units....................................................................................................... 1-9
Failure notification ................................................................................................. 1-9
Description of the AC power supply ........................................................................ 1-10
A note about redundant AC supplies ................................................................... 1-10
Incompatibilities between AC power supply models ................................................ 1-10
Description of the 48V DC power supply ................................................................... 1-12
Redundant DC supply safety considerations ....................................................... 1-12
Installation preview .................................................................................................... 1-13
Chapter 2 Getting Acquainted with the GRF 1600......................................... 2-1
What is the GRF 1600? ............................................................................................. 2-2
Which items are included in your system? ........................................................................ 2-3
AC power cord ...................................................................................................... 2-3
Site-supplied components ................................................................................................... 2-3
Components you can add....................................................................................................... 2-3
Upgrading system memory.................................................................................................... 2-5
Overview of the GRF 1600 base unit ................................................................................... 2-6
Media cards..................................................................................................................... 2-8
Chassis fans ....................................................................................................... 2-8
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 ix
Contents
Control board .................................................................................................... 2-9
Switch board ................................................................................................................. 2-10
Switch control........................................................................................................ 2-10
Battery........................................................................................................................... 2-10
Backplane ............................................................................................................... 2-10
Communications bus ............................................................................................. 2-10
System memory ......................................................................................... 2-11
Power supply options ...................................................................................... 2-12
Power supply failure notification .......................................................................... 2-12
Description of the AC power supplies ............................................................... 2-13
AC drawer locking tab.................................................................................................. 2-14
How to obtain a clamp........................................................................................... 2-14
AC power supply safety considerations ................................................................... 2-14
Redundant AC supply safety considerations ....................................................... 2-15
Label requirement.................................................................................................. 2-15
Minimum media card load requirement........................................................................ 2-15
Description of the 48VDC power supplies ........................................................ 2-16
DC drawer locking tab........................................................................................... 2-17
DC power supply safety considerations ................................................................... 2-17
Redundant DC supply safety considerations ....................................................... 2-17
Minimum media card load requirement........................................................................ 2-17
Installation preview .................................................................................................... 2-18
Chapter 3 Rack Mount and Power On Procedures........................................ 3-1
Rack mounting the GRF 400 .............................................................................................. 3-2
Servicing clearances .................................................................................................. 3-2
Power and ground requirements ................................................................................ 3-2
Rack-mounting requirements ................................................................................... 3-3
Ventilation requirements................................................................................................. 3-3
What to do next............................................................................................................... 3-3
Inserting a media card............................................................................................................ 3-4
ESD requirements........................................................................................................... 3-5
Insertion procedure ............................................................................................ 3-5
Attaching a VT-100 terminal ................................................................................... 3-6
VT-100 terminal settings .................................................................................... 3-6
Laptop PC ....................................................................................................................... 3-6
What to do next............................................................................................................... 3-6
Powering on the GRF 400...................................................................................................... 3-7
Redundant power supplies.............................................................................................. 3-7
Power supply failure notification ................................................................................. 3-7
Interpreting GRF 400 control board LEDs ........................................................................ 3-8
Applying AC power to the GRF 400 ................................................................................. 3-9
Plug-in steps.................................................................................................................... 3-9
A note about redundant AC supplies ..................................................................... 3-9
Labeling a redundant AC power supply ....................................................................... 3-10
Replacing a redundant AC power supply ................................................................... 3-10
What to do next............................................................................................................. 3-10
Applying DC power to the GRF 400 ............................................................................... 3-11
Site installation requirements .............................................................................. 3-11
DC terminals ...................................................................................................... 3-12
Site alarm option ................................................................................................... 3-12
Wiring procedure.......................................................................................................... 3-13
x GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Contents
Fuses ............................................................................................................................. 3-13
Redundant DC supply safety considerations ....................................................... 3-14
What to do next............................................................................................................. 3-14
Powering off a GRF 400 .......................................................................................... 3-15
Systems with AC power supplies ................................................................................. 3-15
GRFs with DC power supplies ..................................................................................... 3-15
Rack mounting the GRF 1600 .......................................................................................... 3-16
Servicing clearances ........................................................................................... 3-16
Grounding .............................................................................................................. 3-16
Power requirements ................................................................................................. 3-16
Ventilation requirements............................................................................................... 3-17
Rack depth ................................................................................................ 3-17
Side rails ...................................................................................................... 3-17
Rack-mounting procedure ................................................................................ 3-18
What to do next............................................................................................................. 3-18
Inserting a media card.......................................................................................................... 3-19
ESD requirements......................................................................................................... 3-20
Insertion procedure .......................................................................................... 3-20
Attaching a VT-100 terminal ................................................................................. 3-21
VT-100 terminal settings .................................................................................. 3-21
Laptop PC ..................................................................................................................... 3-21
What to do next............................................................................................................. 3-21
Powering on the GRF 1600 ............................................................... 3-22
Redundant power supplies............................................................................................ 3-22
Power supply failure notification ................................................................................ 3-22
Interpreting GRF 1600 control board LEDs .................................................................... 3-23
Applying AC power to the GRF 1600 .............................................................................. 3-24
Plug-in steps.................................................................................................................. 3-24
Installing a power cord locking clamp ...................................................................... 3-24
Clamp procedure........................................................................................................... 3-25
A note about redundant AC supplies ................................................................... 3-26
Labeling a redundant AC power supply ....................................................................... 3-26
What to do next............................................................................................................. 3-26
Applying DC power to the GRF 1600 ................................................................................. 3-27
Site installation requirements .............................................................................. 3-27
DC terminals................................................................................................................. 3-28
Wiring the DC supply................................................................................................... 3-28
Wire and lug requirements:................................................................................ 3-28
Wiring procedure:............................................................................................... 3-29
Locking tab ................................................................................................................... 3-30
Labeling a redundant DC power supply ....................................................................... 3-31
Powering off a GRF 1600 ........................................................................................ 3-32
Systems with AC power supplies ................................................................................. 3-32
GRFs with DC power supplies ..................................................................................... 3-32
What to do next............................................................................................................. 3-32
Chapter 4 Initial System Set-up....................................................................... 4-1
First communication with the router...................................................................................... 4-2
First-time power on configuration script ................................................. 4-2
Changing the configuration script later ........................................................ 4-3
Logging in as root ........................................................................................................... 4-3
Changing the root password ................................................................................... 4-3
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 xi
Contents
The de0 interface ....................................................................................... 4-4
grifconfig and netstart de0 addresses must match ................................................ 4-4
Attaching the maintenance interface de0............................................................................... 4-5
Ethernet connection to control board ..................................................................... 4-5
Using telnet..................................................................................................................... 4-5
Administrative log on ........................................................................................................... 4-6
CLI and UNIX passwords .............................................................................. 4-6
Overview of GRF user interface components........................................................................ 4-7
Configuration tasks - shell or CLI ? .......................................................................... 4-7
Command Line Interface (CLI)...................................................................................... 4-7
UNIX shell...................................................................................................................... 4-8
maint commands............................................................................................................. 4-8
What to do next........................................................................................................ 4-8
About GRF logs and dumps ................................................................................................ 4-9
Logs ............................................................................................................................... 4-9
Accessing a log file................................................................................................ 4-10
Dumps........................................................................................................................... 4-10
System dump .................................................................................................. 4-10
Media card dumps ................................................................................................. 4-10
Panic dumps sent to external storage .................................................................. 4-10
Option 1: Log and dump to a PCMCIA device .............................................. 4-11
List of devices............................................................................................................... 4-11
PCMCIA slot commands.............................................................................................. 4-11
Installing a PCMCIA device ........................................................................................ 4-12
iflash command - caution ! ........................................................................................... 4-15
Option 2: Set up a syslog server ................................................... 4-16
Option 3: Use an NFS-mounted file system ............................................................ 4-18
Setting up NFS on the GRF.......................................................................................... 4-18
Option: Attaching a modem to the GRF ........................................................... 4-19
Installing a PCMCIA modem ....................................................................................... 4-19
Configuration procedure ............................................................................................ 4-19
Powering off a GRF ................................................................................................. 4-21
Systems with AC power supplies ................................................................................. 4-21
Systems with DC power supplies ................................................................................. 4-21
What to do next.................................................................................................................... 4-22
Chapter 5 Cabling and Verifying Media Cards............................................... 5-1
ESD requirements........................................................................................................... 5-1
Returning a media card to Lucent ....................................................................... 5-2
Get an RMA number....................................................................................................... 5-2
Package your board properly.......................................................................................... 5-2
Ship via FedEx................................................................................................................ 5-3
Inserting a media card into the GRF ................................................................................ 5-4
ESD requirements........................................................................................................... 5-4
Minimum load requirement ............................................................................................ 5-4
On-card connectors......................................................................................................... 5-4
Chassis insertion procedure ............................................................................................ 5-5
Hot swapping media cards ..................................................................................... 5-6
Q cards ...................................................................................................................... 5-6
Burning in media card flash memory ................................................................... 5-6
Cabling the media cards .............................................................................................. 5-7
ESD requirements........................................................................................................... 5-7
xii GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Contents
Blank face plates............................................................................................................. 5-7
Cable specifications........................................................................................................ 5-7
Differences in media card loading .................................................................... 5-8
Reset GRF when all cables are attached ...................................................................... 5-8
ATM OC-3c (ATM/Q) media card ..................................................................................... 5-9
LEDs ..................................................................................................................... 5-9
Laser safety ............................................................................................................. 5-10
ATM OC-12c media card ................................................................................................. 5-11
LEDs ................................................................................................................... 5-11
Laser safety ............................................................................................................. 5-12
Attaching ATM media cables ................................................................................... 5-13
FDDI/Q media cards ......................................................................................................... 5-15
LEDs ................................................................................................................... 5-15
Attaching FDDI/Q media cables ......................................................................... 5-16
FDDI connector keys ......................................................................................... 5-17
Connector key types...................................................................................................... 5-17
FDDI attachment options ................................................................................................. 5-18
Attachment summary.................................................................................................... 5-18
SAS and DAS attachments ........................................................................................... 5-18
Single attach - M and S interfaces ................................................................................ 5-19
Dual attach - A and B interfaces................................................................................... 5-19
Installing a FDDI optical bypass ................................................................................. 5-20
Manual enable/disable ............................................................................................... 5-20
HIPPI media card ............................................................................................................. 5-21
Attaching HIPPI media cables...................................................................................... 5-21
HIPPI card LEDs ................................................................................................... 5-23
HSSI media card ................................................................................................................ 5-24
Attaching HSSI media cables ....................................................................................... 5-24
Problems with bad HSSI cables ................................................................................. 5-25
HSSI card LEDs ...................................................................................................... 5-25
Ethernet media cards .................................................................................................... 5-26
Attaching 10/100Base-T media cables ............................................................ 5-26
Ethernet card LEDs ....................................................................................... 5-27
SONET OC-3c media card ............................................................................................... 5-28
Laser safety ............................................................................................................... 5-28
Attaching SONET media cables ............................................................................... 5-29
SONET card LEDs ............................................................................................. 5-30
Media card reset and checkout ........................................................................................... 5-31
Verify media card operation using ping .................................................... 5-31
Check media card status using grcard ................................................................ 5-32
Media card states ................................................................................................ 5-32
Reset media card using grreset ..................................................................... 5-33
Rebooting the system........................................................................................................... 5-34
Rebooting from the VT 100 terminal - grms ..................................................... 5-34
Rebooting from a remote workstation - shutdown ................................................. 5-34
Running media card hardware diagnostics .......................................................................... 5-35
Special login.................................................................................................................. 5-35
Running grdiag.............................................................................................................. 5-35
Activity during testing .................................................................................................. 5-37
Testing completes ......................................................................................................... 5-37
If a card fails... .............................................................................................................. 5-38
Error reporting .............................................................................................................. 5-39
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 xiii
Contents
Stopping or halting grdiag ............................................................................................ 5-39
What to do next............................................................................................................. 5-40
Appendix A GRF Specifications......................................................................... A-1
General specifications and environmental requirements ............................................. A-1
GRF 400 chassis specifications ............................................................ A-2
GRF 1600 chassis specifications .......................................................... A-3
DC power requirements ............................................................................................... A-4
GRF 400 control board specifications ........................................................................ A-5
GRF 1600 control board specifications ...................................................................... A-5
Cable types ......................................................................................................................... A-6
Media card specifications...................................................................................................... A-7
FDDI specifications ................................................................................................ A-7
ATM OC-3c specifications ......................................................................................... A-8
ATM OC-12c specifications ....................................................................................... A-9
10/100Base-T specifications ..................................................................................... A-10
HSSI specifications ................................................................................................... A-10
HIPPI specifications .................................................................................................. A-11
SONET OC-3c specifications ................................................................................... A-12
Appendix B Warranty .......................................................................................... B-1
Product warranty.................................................................................................................... B-1
Warranty repair............................................................................................................... B-1
Out-of warranty repair .................................................................................................... B-2
FCC Part 15 Notice................................................................................................................ B-2
Appendix C GRF 400 Agency Notices ............................................................... C-1
GRF 400 agency regulatory notices....................................................................................... C-2
Agency status.................................................................................................................. C-2
Canadian notice............................................................................................................... C-2
European Union notice ................................................................................................... C-2
Federal Communications Commission notice................................................................ C-3
VCCI Class 1 notice........................................................................................................ C-3
Non-telecommunication port.......................................................................................... C-4
EC declaration: GRF-4-AC............................................................................................ C-5
EC declaration: GRF-4-DC............................................................................................ C-6
Appendix D GRF 1600 Agency Notices ............................................................. D-1
GRF 1600 agency regulatory notices.................................................................................... D-2
Agency status................................................................................................................. D-2
Canadian notice.............................................................................................................. D-2
European Union notice .................................................................................................. D-2
Federal Communications Commission notice............................................................... D-3
VCCI Class 1 notice....................................................................................................... D-3
Non-telecommunication port......................................................................................... D-4
EC declaration: GRF-16-AC......................................................................................... D-5
EC declaration: GRF-16-DC......................................................................................... D-6
Index.......................................................................................... Index-1
xiv GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Figures
Figure 1-1 Expandable area of system memory............................................................. 1-4
Figure 1-2 GRF 400 base unit and component (front view) ......................................... 1-5
Figure 1-3 Cable panel view of GRF 400 ...................................................................... 1-5
Figure 1-4 Media card and control board stack with slots numbered ............................ 1-5
Figure 1-5 Memory components and options on the control board ............................... 1-7
Figure 1-6 Front of Astec AC power supply drawer.................................................... 1-11
Figure 1-7 Front of Artesyn AC power supply drawer. ............................................... 1-11
Figure 1-8 Front of -48V power supply drawer. .......................................................... 1-12
Figure 2-1 Expandable area of system memory............................................................. 2-5
Figure 2-2 GRF 1600 base unit and component areas (front view) .............................. 2-6
Figure 2-3 Rear panel view of GRF 1600 ................................................................. 2-7
Figure 2-4 Top view of GRF 1600 chassis with slots numbered ................................... 2-8
Figure 2-5 Memory components and options on the control board ............................. 2-11
Figure 2-6 Front of GRF 1600 AC power supply drawer and locking tab................... 2-13
Figure 2-7 Warning label required for redundant supplies .......................................... 2-15
Figure 2-8 Front panel of GRF 1600 DC power supply............................................... 2-16
Figure 3-1 Air intake and exhaust areas of the GRF 400............................................... 3-3
Figure 3-2 Media card components................................................................................ 3-4
Figure 3-3 Connectors on a control board...................................................................... 3-6
Figure 3-4 GRF 400 control board faceplate and LEDs................................................. 3-8
Figure 3-5 Warning label required for redundant AC supplies.................................... 3-10
Figure 3-6 Front of -48V power supply drawer. .......................................................... 3-12
Figure 3-7 Air intake and exhaust areas of the GRF 1600........................................... 3-17
Figure 3-8 Diagram of proper way to move GRF 1600 into rack................................ 3-18
Figure 3-9 Media card components.............................................................................. 3-19
Figure 3-10 Connectors on a control board.................................................................... 3-21
Figure 3-11 GRF 1600 control board faceplate and LEDs............................................. 3-23
Figure 3-12 AC power supply with a power cord locking clamp installed.................... 3-25
Figure 3-13 Warning label required for redundant supplies .......................................... 3-26
Figure 3-14 Terminal pairs on GRF 1600 DC power supply......................................... 3-29
Figure 3-15 DC supply wires attached to GRF 1600 DC terminal pairs........................ 3-30
Figure 3-16 Warning label required for redundant DC power supply cover ................. 3-31
Figure 4-1 Point-to-point Ethernet connector on the control board ............................... 4-5
Figure 5-1 Media card components................................................................................ 5-4
Figure 5-2 ATM OC-3c single mode media card faceplate ........................................... 5-9
Figure 5-3 Faceplate of an ATM OC-12c (version 1) single mode media card........... 5-11
Figure 5-4 Faceplate of an ATM OC-12c (version 2) single mode media card........... 5-11
Figure 5-5 Single and multi-mode ATM cable ends.................................................... 5-13
Figure 5-6 FDDI/Q media card faceplate..................................................................... 5-15
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
October, 1998 xv
Figures
Figure 5-7 FDDI/Q media card faceplate and LEDs.................................................... 5-15
Figure 5-8 FDDI optic cable connector and keys......................................................... 5-17
Figure 5-9 Types of FDDI connector keys................................................................... 5-17
Figure 5-10 DAS and SAS connection options.............................................................. 5-18
Figure 5-11 FDDI media cards used as single and dual attachment nodes.................... 5-18
Figure 5-12 Single attach FDDI interface using master / slave keys ............................. 5-19
Figure 5-13 Dual attach FDDI interface using A / B keys............................................. 5-19
Figure 5-14 Optical bypass switch attachments............................................................. 5-20
Figure 5-15 HIPPI media card faceplate ........................................................................ 5-21
Figure 5-16 Cabling a HIPPI media card ....................................................................... 5-21
Figure 5-17 HIPPI 100-pin connector............................................................................ 5-22
Figure 5-18 HIPPI media card faceplate and LEDs....................................................... 5-23
Figure 5-19 HSSI media card faceplate.......................................................................... 5-24
Figure 5-20 HSSI 50-pin connector end......................................................................... 5-24
Figure 5-21 HSSI media card faceplate and LEDs ........................................................ 5-25
Figure 5-22 Ethernet 8-port media card faceplate.......................................................... 5-26
Figure 5-23 Ethernet 4-port media card faceplate.......................................................... 5-26
Figure 5-24 Cable connector for a 10/100Base-T interface........................................... 5-26
Figure 5-25 Ethernet media card faceplate and LEDs.................................................... 5-27
Figure 5-26 SONET OC-3c single mode media card faceplate ..................................... 5-28
Figure 5-27 Single and multi-mode SONET cable ends................................................ 5-29
Figure 5-28 SONET OC-3c single mode media card faceplate and LEDs.................... 5-30
xvi October, 1998
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Tables
Table 3-1 Descriptions of GRF 400 control board LEDs ............................................. 3-8
Table 3-2 Descriptions of GRF 1600 control board LEDs ......................................... 3-23
Table 5-1 Media card cable specifications.................................................................... 5-7
Table 5-2 ATM OC-3c LEDs........................................................................................ 5-9
Table 5-3 ATM OC-3c single mode laser information............................................... 5-10
Table 5-4 ATM OC-12c LEDs.................................................................................... 5-11
Table 5-5 ATM OC-12c csingle mode laser information ........................................... 5-13
Table 5-6 FDDI/Q media card LEDs.......................................................................... 5-15
Table 5-7 HIPPI media card LEDs.............................................................................. 5-23
Table 5-8 HSSI media card LEDs............................................................................... 5-25
Table 5-9 Ethernet media card LEDs.......................................................................... 5-27
Table 5-10 SONET OC-3c single mode laser information........................................... 5-29
Table 5-11 SONET OC-3c LEDs.................................................................................. 5-30
Table A-1 GRF 400 chassis characteristics................................................................... A-2
Table A-2 GRF 1600 chassis characteristics................................................................. A-3
Table A-3 DC power requirement per individual components..................................... A-4
Table A-4 Characteristics of the GRF 400 control board ............................................. A-5
Table A-5 Characteristics of the GRF 1600 control board ........................................... A-5
Table A-6 Media card cable specifications................................................................... A-6
Table A-7 FDDI media card specifications................................................................... A-7
Table A-8 ATM OC-3c media card specifications ....................................................... A-8
Table A-9 ATM OC-12c media card specifications ..................................................... A-9
Table A-10 10/100Base-T media card specifications................................................... A-10
Table A-11 HSSI media card specifications................................................................. A-10
Table A-12 HIPPI media card specifications................................................................ A-11
Table A-13 SONET OC-3c media card specifications ................................................. A-12
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
October, 1998 xvii
Tables
xviii October, 1998
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
About This Guide
About 1.4 Update 2
The 1.4 GRF manual set is updated to include new features added since software release
1.4.12. This manual describes the full set of features for GRF units running software version
1.4.20 and later. Some features might not be available with earlier versions of the software.
What is in this guide
The GRF 400/1600 Getting Started guide contains these chapters:
• Chapter 1, “Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400,” describes the GRF 400 system
components and operating environment.
• Chapter 2, “Getting Acquainted with the GRF 1600,” describes the GRF 1600 system
components and operating environment.
• Chapter 3, “Rack Mount and Power On Procedures,” describes the rack mounting
procedure for each GRF model, and provides power on procedures for AC and DC power
supplies.
• Chapter 4, “Initial System Set-up,” explains the first-time configuration script, the
Command-line Interface (CLI), and system set up for logging, PCMCIA devices, and
other system tasks that bring the GRF to an operational state, ready for media card cabling
and verification.
• Chapter 5, “Cabling and Verifying Media Cards,” describes the set of available IP media
cards, their LED activity, and provides the cable requirements for each card.
• Appendix A, “GRF Specifications,” lists technical specifications for the GRF routers and
the IP media cards.
• Appendix B, “Warranty,” contains the product warranty information.
• Appendix C, “GRF 400 Agency Notices,” contains the GRF 400 agency information.
• Appendix D, “GRF 1600 Agency Notices,” contains the GRF 1600 agency information.
The guide also includes an index.
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 October, 1998 xix
About This Guide
What you should know
What you should know
Configuring and monitoring the GRF requires that a Network Administrator have experience
with and an understanding of UNIX systems, and the ability to navigate in a UNIX
environment. Knowledge of UNIX, its tools, utilities, and editors is useful, as is experience
with administering and maintaining a UNIX system.
Configuring the GRF requires network experience and familiarity with:
– UNIX systems and commands
– IP protocol and routing operations
– IP internetworking
The Network Administrator must understand how TCP/IP internetworks are assembled; what
interconnections represent legal topologies; how networks, hosts, and routers are assigned IP
addresses and configured into operation; and how to determine and specify route table
(routing) information about the constructed internetwork(s). Although not required, a
high-level understanding of SNMP is useful.
xx October, 1998
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Documentation conventions
Ascend uses standard documentation conventions, which are as follows:
Convention Meaning
Monospace text Represents text that appears on your computer’s screen, or
that could appear on your computer’s screen.
Boldface t Represents characters that you enter exactly as shown (unless
the characters are also in italics—see Italics, below). If you
could enter the characters but are not specifically instructed
to, they do not appear in boldface.
Italics Represent variable information. Do not enter the words
themselves in the command. Enter the information they
represent. In ordinary text, italics are used for titles of
publications, for some terms that would otherwise be in
quotation marks, and to show emphasis.
[ ] Square brackets indicate an optional argument you might add
to a command. To include such an argument, type only the
information inside the brackets. Do not type the brackets
unless they appear in bold type.
| Separates command choices that are mutually exclusive.
Key1-Key2 Represents a combination keystroke. To enter a combination
keystroke, press the first key and hold it down while you
press one or more other keys. Release all the keys at the same
time. (For example, Ctrl-H means hold down the Control ke y
and press the H key.)
Note:
Introduces important additional information.
About This Guide
Documentation conventions
!
Caution:
Warning:
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 October, 1998 xxi
Warns that a failure to follow the recommended procedure
could result in loss of data or damage to equipment.
Warns that a failure to take appropriate safety precautions
could result in physical injury.
About This Guide
Documentation set
Documentation set
The GRF 1.4 Update 2 documentation set consists of the following manuals:
• GRF 400/1600 Getting Started 1.4 Update 2 (this manual)
• GRF Configuration and Management - 1.4 Update 2
• GRF Reference Guide - 1.4 Update 2
• GRF GateD - 1.4 Update 2
Related publications
Here are some related publications that you may find useful:
• Internetworking with TCP/IP, Volume 1 and 2, by Douglas E. Comer, and David L.
Stevens. Prentice-Hall,
• TCP/IP Illustrated, Volumes 1 and 2, by W. Richard Stevens. Addison-Wesley, 1994.
• Interconnections, Radia Perlman. Addison-Wesley, 1992. Recommended for information
about routers and bridging.
• Routing in the Internet, by Christian Huitema. Prentice Hall PTR, 1995. Recommended
for information about IP, OSPF, CIDR, IP multicast, and mobile IP.
• TCP/IP Network Administration, by Craig Hunt. O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. 1994.
Recommended for network management information.
• Essential System Administration, Æleen Frisch. O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. 1991.
Recommended for network management information.
xxii October, 1998 GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
This chapter describes the components in a GRF 400 router that you need to be familiar with as
you set up and install the equipment.
At the end of this chapter is a one-page preview of the tasks to set up and install the GRF.
Please read through the list, the tasks are described in subsequent chapters.
After you have completed this introduction to the GRF 400, go to chapter 3. It contains
information for rack-mounting the GRF 400 and procedures you use to power on AC and DC
systems.
Chapter 1 covers these topics:
What is the GRF 400? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Which items are included in your system? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Site-supplied components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Components you can add. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Upgrading system memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Overview of the GRF 400 base unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
1
Description of the AC power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Description of the 48V DC power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Installation preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
Note: The GRF 400 has hardware that integrates the router management hardware pre viously
contained in the RMS node with components on the GRF 400 control board. A GRF 400
system currently using an RMS node can be upgraded by replacing its control board (optional)
and installing 1.4 software.
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 October, 1998 1-1
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
What is the GRF 400?
What is the GRF 400?
The GRF 400 is a high-performance IP switch designed for high-volume, large-scale public
and private backbone applications. It has these main features:
• Performs Layer-3 switching across 4 gigabits/second aggregate bandwidth
• Supports large suite of routing protocols
• Accommodates 1–4 media cards, available media are ATM OC-3c, ATM OC-12c,
10/100Base-T Ethernet (4- and 8-port), HSSI, HIPPI, SONET OC-3c, and FDDI
• Provides advanced dynamic routing, basic filtering, OSPF multicast, SNMP v1, IPv4
• Accommodates redundant, hot swappable power supplies
• Supports a 400W AC power supply unit
• Supports a -48VDC power supply (negative 48V)
• Manages 150K-entry route tables, batch updating with 20 routes per second
The GRF 400 chassis can be mounted in a standard 19” rack unit or on a table. The chassis
weighs between 26 and 40 pounds (11.9–18.2 kg), depending upon the number of media cards
and power supplies installed.
Which items are included in your system?
This section helps you confirm the items in your system.
• Each system includes a GRF 400 base unit.
• Base unit components vary depending upon the type/number of media cards and power
supplies ordered.
• Software is pre-installed at the factory.
AC power cord
If you ordered the GRF with one (two) A C power supply , make sure the shipping box contains:
• one (two) AC power cords
If your GRF 400 has a redundant AC power supply, you should have two power cords.
AC power cord requirements
Use only the AC power cord included with your product or an equivalent cord:
• North America: UL listed, CSA certified, type SJT or SVT, 3-conductor,
18AWG minimum
• outside of North America: Agency-approved for the country of use, cord type
H05VVF3G1.0, 3-conductor, 1.0mm2, rated 250V, 10A,
plug type suitable for country of use.
1-2October, 1998 GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Site-supplied components
To boot the GRF 400, you must attach a VT100-compatible terminal directly to the control
board, and you must supply:
• a standard RS-232 null modem cable and the terminal
Optionally, if you later want to directly connect the GRF to a site LAN, you must supply:
• a cross-over 10Base-T Ethernet cable to connect the LAN to a receptacle on the control
board
Components you can add
In addition to media cards, options you can order from Lucent include:
• 400W AC power supplies
• negative 48V DC power supplies
• upgrades to system memory (control board RAM)
The GRF 400 ships with a base of 128MB of RAM. Sites can upgrade to a maximum of
512MB in increments of 128MB, as pairs of 64MB SIMMs.
Memory upgrades may only be obtained from Lucent, do not use other sources.
• ATA disk devices in a PCMCIA slot for system logging and backup
Lucent certifies the following ATA-compliant devices for GRF operation:
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
Site-supplied components
– Kingston Datapak 520MB, P/N CT520RM
– Sandisk 175MB Flash, P/N SDP3B
– Sandisk 85MB Flash, P/N SDP3B-85-101
– Aved 85MB Flash, P/N AVEF385MB25ATA501
Lucent offers only the 85 MB Flash directly (GRF-AC-FLASH). Customers may purchase
the other devices through an external source.
• PCMCIA modems
– US Robotics/MegaHertz 56K PC Card Modem, model xj5560
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 October, 1998 1-3
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
Upgrading system memory
Upgrading system memory
Figure 1-1 shows the area of system memory (control board RAM) that can be expanded to
meet site requirements. Memory upgrades are made in 128MB increments up to 512MB.
expandable to -->
- system software
- config files
- GateD binary
- log files
- route tables
- ATMP tunnels
- kernel runs
- GateD runs
256MB
RAM
212MB
= expandable area of RAM
--> 384MB
RAM
340MB
--> 512MB
RAM
468MB
Memory
size and
organization
128MB RAM
32MB
(fixed size)
84MB
8-12MB
(fixed size)
Figure 1-1. Expandable area of system memory
This chart provides general guidelines for memory required in different routing environments.
Although the figures assume BGP peers with 50K route entries, additional memory may be
required for higher average numbers of routes per BGP peer.
If the GRF is to support dynamic routing or ATMP home agents and mobile nodes, upgrade to
at least 256MB. In environments where large numbers of routes are advertised, upgrade to
512MB.
Customer
profile
Amount of
control
board
memory
needed
Space for
dynamic
routing,
ATMP
tables
Route
entries
on
media
card
Route
entries in
dynamic
routing
database
Typical
numbe
r of
peer
sessions
Static routing:
(in high-performance
environment)
Small POP 256MB 212MB 150K Typical
128MB 84MB 150K Typical
number:
35,800
0
3
number:
199,000
Medium POP /
ISP backbone
384MB 340MB 150K Typical
number:
9
362,000
Large POP /
Exchange point /
Route reflection server
512MB 468MB 150K Typical
number:
521,000
12
1-4October, 1998 GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
Overview of the GRF 400 base unit
Figure 1-2 shows the GRF 400 base unit from the front. The rack-mountable chassis is 5.25”
high and 19” wide. When you install the GRF, you must provide six to ten inches of side
clearance for ambient air intake and heated air exhaust. All ventilation is to the sides.
Overview of the GRF 400 base unit
Intake
Back plane
Media card
and
IP switch control board
stack
Power
supplies
Exhaust
vents
fans
GRF 400
Lucent Technolo gies
(g0002)
Figure 1-2. GRF 400 base unit and component (front view)
Figure 1-3 shows the chassis from the cable panel. Power supplies are on the left. The control
board is on the top of the card stack to the right, the four media cards are in the slots below:
B A
PCMCIA
RESET
POWER
100/10
LINK OK
ACTIVE
RECEIVE
TRANSMIT
FAULT
STATUS
PS2-OK
PS1-OK
100
RS232
COM1
RCV ACT
XMT ACT
SM-4MB
ATM-3-Q
4MB
FDDI-Q
4MB
HSSI
4MB-TX
10/100-Q
PWR
PWR ON
FAULT
STAT 0
0
PWR
TAT
S
PWR ON
FAULT
STAT 0
7
RCV ACT
XMT ACT
LINK OK
STAT1
RCV ACT
XMT ACT
LINK OK
LASER
HSSI
A
TRX
0
B
A
5
4
0
A
ACTIVE
STATUS
6
1
STAT 1
STAT 2
LASER
B
TRX
1
A
STATUS
ACTIVE
3
B
2
1
SM
ATM
OC-3c
1
B
0
Figure 1-3. Cable panel view of GRF 400
The GRF 400 has four media card slots, 0–3. Slots are numbered top to bottom as shown in
Figure 1-4, the control board is always 66:
Backplane
66
3
Control board
2
1
0
Media card slot numbers
(in decimal)
(g0009)
Figure 1-4. Media card and control board stack with slots numbered
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 October, 1998 1-5
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
Overview of the GRF 400 base unit
Control board
GRF 400 control board hardware runs the router management software (RMS). RMS is the
communications and control software for the media cards. Other control board components are
the system RAM, internal flash memory, switch hardware, Ethernet connector, and PCMCIA
device slots. The control board is field-replaceable, but not hot swappable.
PCMCIA
B A
RESET
POWER
FAULT
STATUS
ACTIVE
TRANSMIT
RECEIVE
COM BUS
PS1-OK
PS2-OK
100/10
LINK OK
100
XMT ACT
ETHERNET
RCV ACT
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
RS232
COM1
A hardware reset button, receptacles for Ethernet and RS-232
connections, and power, status and fault LEDs are on the control
board’s faceplate, shown left.
PCMCIA slots can contain an external flash memory device and a
PCMCIA modem attachment.
The system can be reset by depressing the reset button, but a
software command reset is preferable since it saves files and
leaves the system in order.
LEDs provide status for control board and chassis components.
The faceplate speaker functions as a typical PC speaker , it chimes
during system boot, for example. The control board has another
component that sounds an audible alarm when the operating
temperature level is exceeded.
The control board has temperature monitoring (sensor) and
reporting (alarm) capabilities. The router management software
provides a command (temp) to check the current board-surface
operating temperature. If excessive temperature levels are
reached, the router management software triggers the control
board’s audible alarm. If levels are exceeded, the management
software will shut the system down. The management software
also monitors the power supply units, issuing power failure
warnings to the user interface via grconslog if power problems
are detected. The LEDs do not reflect the actual location of power
supplies in the chassis: power supply 2 is on top, power supply 1
is on the bottom.
A 10/100 megabit Ethernet receptacle (autosensing) supports a
connection to the administrative LAN. A set of four LEDs
indicate status (Link OK), activity (XMT ACT, RCV ACT), and
connection rate (if 100 Mbs).
TheVT-100 terminal attaches to the serial port.
Switch control
Each media card is on a switch port. Switch control manages media card requests to connect
through the switch to the switch port occupied by a destination media card. Switch logic
determines if the target port is available and, if it is, enables the connection. A special bus
carries the request and grant traffic for available switch ports.
1-6October, 1998 GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
System memory
Figure 1-5 illustrates the RAM and flash memory components on the GRF control board:
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
Overview of the GRF 400 base unit
System RAM
Permanently
reserved for
file system
Control board
CPU
128MB
96
MB
32
MB
---> 256 MB ---> 384 MB ---> 512 MB
+
64
MB
64
MB
Administrative
LAN (de0)
64
MB
64
MB
++
64
MB
PCMCIA
64
MB
Slot A
Disk
Internal flash
device
85MB
Slot B
modem
device options
(g0001)
Figure 1-5. Memory components and options on the control board
RAM The GRF 400 is equipped with a minimum of 128MB of internal RAM, 32MB of
which are permanently reserved for the file system, including logs and configuration files. The
remaining 96MB are used by the operating system and user applications such as GateD.
System memory can be upgraded in 128MB increments up to a total of 512MB, including the
32MB always reserved for the file system. To permit the software to operate in the allocated
memory, certain portions of standard UNIX, such as man page files, are omitted. Man pages
for GRF commands are maintained.
Because file system space is limited, you should configure logging to be done remotely via
syslog or locally to external flash. Additional system memory supports route tables and other
protocol data, and cannot be used for storing logs.
Internal flash The GRF has an internal 85MB ATA flash device from which the system
boots. This memory is available for storing different versions of operating software and site
configurations.
External flash PCMCIA slots on the control board support various sizes of ATA flash
devices. Although external flash can be used to back up and share router configurations among
multiple GRF systems, a GRF cannot boot from an external flash device. Local logging and
dumping to external flash is also supported. The grwrite command writes files from system
RAM to internal flash, grsnapshot copies files between internal and external flash devices.
Commands for flash device management are discussed in the GRF Configuration and
management manual.
PCMCIA devices PCMCIA slot A is used for a portable external flash device. A PCMCIA
modem device can operate in either slot A or B. Instructions for configuring the modem and a
disk device are in chapter 4.
GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2 October, 1998 1-7
Getting Acquainted with the GRF 400
Overview of the GRF 400 base unit
Fans
Three intake fans push air across the media cards, control board, and power supplies. Warmed
air exhausts out the side vents next to the power supplies. If the unit is installed in a rack, the
sides of the GRF chassis should not be adjacent to a device in the next rack. Be sure that the
intake vents do not draw in air exhausted by another device. Fans are not swappable. They are
part of the GRF 400 chassis and must be replaced by certified personnel.
Fan “too slow” message
You may occasionally see a message in the /messages log file similar to this:
Jul 20 04:00:25 tn-btvt-1-E0-1 kernel: rmb0: RMB Fan 0 is too slow
This message can be generated when the low-priority task of updating the fan rotation count
has been replaced by a higher-priority communication bus activity. Unless you see it repeated
frequently in a five-minute period, you can ignore it. If the message is repeated, use the grrmb
temp command to check the chassis temperature.
Backplane
The GRF 400 backplane spans the width of the chassis and is fixed in place. The backplane is
not a field replaceable unit.
The backplane supplies power to the media cards and control board. The control board and
media cards exchange configuration and status information through the 80 megabit/second
communications bus located on the backplane.
Communications bus
The communications bus (com bus) is a separate data path for configuration, control,
monitoring functions. This bus connects the control board to the media cards independently of
the switch connection to each card, and is not used for routed data between media cards. Route
table update packets received by the media cards are also sent across the com bus to the router
manager software and do not compete with normal IP data traffic.
Battery
The control board has a small 3V lithium battery to store BIOS CMOS configuration and for
powering the real time clock if the GRF is powered off.
!
Caution: Danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the
same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Dispose of used batteries
according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Vorsicht: Explosionsgefahr bei unsachgemäßem Austausch der Batterie. Ersatz nur durch
denselben oder einen vom Hersteller empfohlenen gleichwertigen Typ. Entsorgung
gebrauchter Batterien nach Angaben des Herstellers.
Attention: Il y a danger d’explosion s’il y a remplacement incorrect de la batterie.
Remplacer uniquement avec une batterie du même type ou d’un type équivalent recommandé
1-8October, 1998 GRF 400/1600 Getting Started - 1.4 Update 2
Loading...