Lowrance electronic X-20 User Manual

X-20

INSTALLATION

AND OPERATION

INSTRUCTIONS

INC.

74128

LITHO IN U.S.A.

988-0105-17

•LOWRANCE

12000

E. SKELLY

ELECTRONICS,

DR.,

TULSA,

OK

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TABLE OF

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
INSTALLATION

POWER
NOISE
TRANSDUCER

KEYBOARD BASICS

OPERATION
SENSITIVITY

CHART SPEED

RANGE
ZOOM

DIG ITAL
FISH I.D.

AUTO

ALARMS

CHART ALARM

FISH ALARM

SPEAKER

LIGHT
MODE

TRANSDUCERS AND CONE

SIGNAL

FISH ARCHES

WATER

SURVEYING A LAKE

BAIT FISH
HOW TO OBTAIN

SPECIFICATIONS
GLOSSARY

CONNECTIONS

FEATURE

INTERPRETATION

TEMPERATURE AND TI-IERMOCLINES

SERVICE

ANGLES

1
1
1

3
3
4
7
7
9

10

10

11

12

13
13

14

15
15

15

16
18

19
20

23
23

24
24
24
25

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Copyright

All features

©

and

specifications subject

1989,

All

rights

Lowrance

reserved.

Electronics,

to

change

Inc.

without notice.

29

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-

SENSITIVITY
Increasing

called

"gain".

SCROLL

SHOOT-THROUGH-HULL

sonar

signals

The

the

sensitivity

SPEED

to

ability

-

See CHART SPEED.

pass through

the hull.

SUPPRESSION
interference or noise.

-

A method

of a sonar unit's

allows weaker

-

A transducer installation

a

fiberglass

used in some sonar units to

receiver to

targets

to be

hull without

display targets.

displayed.

Also

which allows the

help

a hole in

eliminate

cutting

C

INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the

high quality
These units have

bottom
20, you

depth,

can "fine tune"

most from
You can

program

pended object

world of

sonar

designed

an automatic feature that

and structure. As

fish,

sonar.

your

the

enters an alarm

sportfishing

the unit to the

X-20 to sound an alarm when

fish from structure and other

sonar, Your Lowrance

for both

professional

you

surrounding

zone. You can

targets.

X-20 is a

and novice

finds and

displays

become familiar with

conditions to

a fish or other sus-

zoom in and

users.

the

X-

your

the

get

separate

your

you get

This is

down
X-20,

SURFACE CLARITY CONTROL

signals displayed

THERMOCLINE
cool

layers

fish

prefer.

TRANSDUCER

electrical

energy

When a return echo strikes

into electrical

near the water's surface. Also called

-

A

of water.

-

The

of water caused

layer

The thermocline

element of a sonar

from the transmitter

the

transducer,

energy

which is received

-

Reduces or eliminates

the

meeting

by

the

provides

system

temperature

that

into ultrasonic sound

it converts the

and

displayed by

undesirable

"SCC".

of warm and

converts the

waves.

sound waves

the sonar

most

unit.

To

where it all

the road.

started with

get

begins,

After

your

and

you've

X-20,

improper

read these

read the rest of this manual

the

to

for reference

water,

the more

when

you

your

head

INSTALLATION

first read the installation section.

installation can cause

instructions and installed

in detail. The more

unit will do for

sonar

you

you.

problems

know

Take this manual

for the water.

when

Mounting

-

paper.

A method of

boat.

The

upper

mounting

are the

range

limit is shown

lower limit is at the bottom. For

feet as the

-

A sonar unit that uses a CAT

segment

limit and 30 feet

upper

of the

depth range.

of 50 feet creates a 30

enlarges

targets

28

TRANSOM MOUNT

sensors on the transom of the
UPPER/LOWER LIMIT - These

sonar screen or

while

display,

foot

range

the

has 20

VIDEO GRAPH

display.

WINDOW
upper

window.

ZOOM
greater

-

A vertical

limit of 20 feet and a lower limit

-

A feature that

detail.

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

transducers

limits

on the

displayed

at the

example,

as the lower limit.

or television

For

display

or other

on the

of the

top

a 20 to 30

example,

shows

and

type

an

foot

Install the X-20 in

any

when tilted for the best
wood screw or

back of thin

there is

through

panels

enough

to secure

room behind

transducer cables.

You can route the

power

hole in the base of the

in the

mounting

up through

wire down

the hole

cover the

surface. First

the hole and

through

the bracket and dash.

with silicone rubber adhesive

majority

of the

Power Connections
The X-20

operates

cable to an

from a 12 volt

accessory

convenient

viewing

bolt

angle.

mounting.

the

the unit to attach the

and transducer

gimbal

hole.

or

power

bracket.

pass

bracket.

gimbal

location,

provided

Holes in the bracket

Place a

mounting

hardware.

there is clearance

of

piece

plywood

Make certain

base allow

power

cables

Then

through

pass

them

the

through

the transducer connector and

Then

After

(RTV).

battery system.

buss. If

1

you

the

push

routing

power

the

cables,

Offset the bracket to

Attach the

have

problems

on the

and

one inch

a hole

cable
cable

fill

power

with

electrical
Electrical interference

the

The

negative

power

attaches to the
enough, splice ordinary

interference,

boat's

engine

power

cable has two

or

ground.

cable with the

shows as random dots on the

or an

Attach

crimp

battery

#18

holder is as close to the

possible.
short. Use a

The X-20 has reverse
power

wires are attached

This

protects

3-amp

fuse.

polarity protection.

wires are reversed.

correctly.)

then

attach the cable

accessory

wires,

is on.

red is the

directly

positive

to the

display

battery.

whenever

lead and black is

the in-line fuse holder to the red wire on the

connector. The other end of the fuse holder

or

accessory

gauge

power

the

power

(However,

buss. If the cable is not

wire onto it. Be certain that the fuse

source

cable and

(battery

your

No

damage

or

accessory

buss)

X-20 in the event of a

will occur if the

the unit will not work until the

long

as

OPERATING FREQUENCY

and receiver.

(See kHz.)

OUTPUT POWER - The

-

Frequency

amplitude

of a sonar unit's transmitter

of electrical

energy

the sonar unit to the transducer. Measured in
output power,

displayed.

the

deeper

PIXEL - The small dots or
PIXEL DENSITY - The number of

crystal display. Typically,

better the
PULSE LENGTH

measured in

resolution.

-

micro-seconds. The shorter the

the resolution. For

a one

inch resolution.

a sonar unit can

squares

read,

on a

liquid crystal display

pixels per square

the

greater

number of vertical

The amount of time that the sonar transmits.

pulse length,

30 micro-second

example,

a

transmitted from

the

wafts,

and more detail can be

higher

the

or CRT.

inch on a

pixels,

liquid

the

This is

the better

pulse length

is

equal

to

12 VOLT

BATFERY

FUSE

RANGE - The section of water shown on the sonar

example,

a 60 foot

has zero for the

range

upper

limit and 60 for the

display.

For

lower limit.

REMOTE

-

An

intelligent "repeater"

unit that receives

depth

information

from another sonar unit. A remote doesn't have a transmitter or re-

ceiver.
operate separately

RESOLUTION

However,

it does have it's own features that are

from the master.

-

The

ability

of a sonar unit to

separate targets

adiustable

and

from

each other or from the bottom.
SCALE - The

of a

depth

markings

target, simply compare

the scale markers on the

SECOND ECHO

of a

depth

the

bottom,

and

again,
SECOND

primary keys

echo. This is

target

striking

returning

FUNCTION

to other functions.

on a sonar units

the

display.

-

Another echo that

caused

the surface of the

to the surface.

-

KEY

A

button that converts the functions

display.

target's

registers

the

by

water,

To determine the

location to the location of

at

roughly

sound waves

travelling

twice the

reflecting

to the bottom

of the

off

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2 27

Discrimination feature on Lowrance sonar units removes

The
false

more.

signals

from other

sonars,

FISH ALARM - An alarm that activates

acoustic and electrical

when a fish or

suspended object

is detected.

FISH ARCH
suspended targets

are

typically

information.

FLUSH MOUNT
transducer

GIMBAL BRACKET

nently.

angle.

GRAYLINE Thi feature shows the

played

displayed
composftion

-

A sonar with

as

upside

hence the name "Fish Arch". See

fish,

-

A transducer that is installed with the bottom of the

flush with the bottom of the hull.

-

A bracket

The sonar unit can

on the screen.

in

black,

Signals

stronger targets

of the bottom.

soft or hard. A hard bottom returns

A

line.
emphasized

soft,

muddy

with a narrow

or

weedy

gray

resolution and definition can

good

down "Vees" or arches. These

page

used to install a sonar unit

rotate in the bracket for the best

relative

weaker than

are

gray.

In other

words,

a

strong signal causing

bottom returns a weaker

line.

strength

the GRAYLINE

It also

gives

can tell if the bottom is

you

sources,

for more

20

viewing

of

signals

setting

clues to the

wide

a

which is

signal

many

and

display
signals

perma-

dis-

are

gray

NOISE
Minimize electrical noise

possible
generators

the instrument

tachometer which radiates RF
results, keep

wiring.

keep
VHF radio

levels than the

20's

radio cables.

If interference

increases,

noise is not

transducer.

Rpm.
Usually,

acoustic noise. The faster a boat travels,

and

transducer

sources of electrical interference.

is the

engine's

panel.

the

power

Also, bilge pump wiring

the X-20's

cables

antenna cables

engine's wiring

power

and transducer cables as far

begins

then a

electrical,

Stop

at slow boat

probable

the

boat,

If the noise does not

air bubbles

generate

installation section

noise on the

passing

routing

by

wiring

This harness

and transducer

from those wires.

away

typically

cause is acoustic

rather

but

put

increase on the

display.

the

harness that runs from the

usually

frequency) energy.

(radio
can sometimes

radiate

harness. It is

speeds,

mechanically

the

engine

over the face of the transducer

To eliminate this

for

proper mounting techniques.

power

One of the

cable

away

largest

from

engine

other

noise

contains a wire for the

For best

cables

RF

energy

important

away

worsening

noise,

in

neutral,

display,

from the

away

radiate noise so

at

higher power

to

keep

as

possible

from VHF

as the boat

or cavitation.

induced

noise from the

and increase

then it is cavitation.

engine

try

the X-

speed

This

the

create

the more air bubbles increase

problem,

read the

to

to

IN-DASH
Usually,

kHz

operates

LCD

Graph

LCG
NOISE

ignitions systems, radios,

of the

display

-

A sonar unit

the face of the sonar is flush

-

Kilohertz. A measurement of

at 192 Kilohertz.

-

Liquid crystal display.

instrument.

sonar

-

Liquid Crystal Graph.

-

undesired

Any

engine

or other mechanical

as random

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

installed

(192,000 cycles per

through

or

nearly

frequency.

The screen or

signal.

Electrical noise is caused

etc. Acoustic noise is caused

sources. Noise

dots or lines.

26

a hole in the boat's dash.

so with the dash.

Your Lowrance sonar

second).

of a

display

Liquid Crystal

engine

by

vibration

the

by

appears

on the

TRANSDUCER

Transducer installation

transducer. Please read the
transducer.

to

prevent

wash the transducer's

may

or

may

organisms

growth

a metal based anti-foulant

sensitivity.

for transducers.

Periodically

oil film that

any

sensitivity

Paint transducers

paint
other marine

Do not use

ity.

transducer's

cally designed

dealers

instructions are

collect. Oil and

even

prevent operation.

on salt water boats with a thin

from

will cause a decrease

There are

packaged separately

instructions

face with

dirt on the face will reduce the

growing.

special

They're readily

3

carefully

If
paint

before

and water to remove

soap

unchecked,

in

the transducer's

as it

anti-foulant

available

with the

install the

you

coat of anti-foulant

barnacles and

sensitiv-

will decrease the

paints specifi-

at most marine

Operating

Current 200 ma

500 ma

(lights off)

(lights on)

KEYBOARD

This section
Operation

L J

BASICS

a brief

gives

section for a detailed

ON OFF

These

simply press

turn the unit's

keys

the ON

Pressing any key generates

[J

________ that the unit has

explanation

description

key.

accepted

of the

keyboard.

of each

power

on and off. To turn it

To turn it

off,

a tone or

a command.

Read the

key's operation.

the OFF

press

"beep."

This tells

on,

key.

you

Operating Voltage

Number of

Display
Maximum Chart

Maximum

GLOSSARY

ANCHOR WATCH

activates when the boat drifts into shallower or

alarm set

BACK-LIGHTED

light. Back-lighted displays

ing.

CAVITATION
boat or transducer

CHART SPEED

recorder.

crystal graph. (Also

CONE ANGLE

has transducers available with cone

the

varying

CRT

pixels

Scroll

Speed

Range

Digital flange

-

A

selling

points.

-

A

display

-

Air

bubbles created

through

-

(1)

The

(2)

needs of fishermen.

-

Abbreviation for Cathode

speed

-

Angle

water.

The

speed

of an

called "scroll

of the transducer's cone of sound. Lowrance

of the sonar unit's alarm. The alarm

or

keyboard

are essential when

flay

9-15 vdc
50 x 27

(vertical x horizontal)

1350 Total
.5"

per

32"

per

180 feet

400 feet

illuminated from behind

the

by

of the chart

image

speed").

angles

high speed

paper

across the screen

from 8 to 45

Tube. See Video

minute

deeper

night fishing

minute

(minimum)

(maximum)

water than the

movement of a

on a

degrees

Graph.

a

by

or

navigat-

paper graph

of a

liquid

to suit

and

UP
These

_________ function on

chart

DOWN ARROWS

keys

speed, range,

are used to

the unit. Use

zoom and chart alarm.

4 25

adjust virtually every

these

keys

to

adjust

feature and

the

sensitivity,

with

-

The

high

that

DEFINITION

display

definition.

DISCRIMINATION

paper graphs

of a sonar unit's

ability

definition can show more detail than one with low

-

A feature available on Lowrance L.C.G.'s and

separates

false echoes from true

display

to show detail.

information.

target

A

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BAIT
The

importance

sized.

FISH

They

of bait fish to successful

are the

principal

food of all

fishing

game

can't be

fish in most

over-empha-

waters.

and bass.

fishing

are the

plankton

also be the

the

growth

of

is to use the unit

feeding

within five feet of the

the

plankton

to find the bait fish first.

Bait fish

shad. Bait fish can
bluegill,

Most bait fish concentrate

promotes

of

will look like a cloud" on the

nearby,

often

directly

beneath the school of bait fish.

HOW TO OBTAIN SERVICE

If

have a

you

before

help

Service

homa residents call

Please
ment

may

If the unit

problem

sending

Department

detail the

be able to save

must be

with

your

it in for

at

918-437-6881,

problem you

repair.

1-800-331-3889,

you

returned,

pack

is advisable to insure the unit

forage fish,

young

of

on which

units

display. Usually,

sonar

unit, please give

Call or write the

extension

extension

are

experiencing.

inconvenience of

the

it

carefully

in

case

it's lost or

such as minnows and

such as

fish,

game

surface where

feed. One method

they

A

school

game

us

Factory

toIl free. Okla-

401,

collect.

401,

The service

returning your

so it won't be

damaged

crappies,

sunlight

of bait fish

fish will be

a chance to

Customer

depart-

unit.

damaged.

transit.

during

r 1

It

_______

SENS.

This

(The

cally.)

and the arrow

key

digital's sensitivity

The receiver has 32

keys adjust

is

adjusted by

of

steps

the

graph's sensitivity.

the unit automati-

adjustment.

Mail To: Lowrance Customer

12000 E.

Tulsa,

OK 74128

Skelly

Drive

Service

r
t

-

_____

SPECIFICATIONS

to

peak

stabilized

7/16"D

24

5718"Hx7314"Wx3

1 3/4

pounds

192 kHz
275 watts

34.4 watts

82 db

peak

RMS

temperature

Dimensions

Weight

Transmitter

Output

Receiver

frequency

Power

Sensitivity

(typical)

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_______

CHART SPEED

the

There

depth

The

speed

are 5

range
ranges vary

Vary
keys.

RANGE

The

keys.

CHART ALARM

this

Using

the left side

justed. Any

and bottom

top

activates the chart alarm.

key

of the

target

of the chart with this

of chart

steps

is

changed

speed

with this

from 0-5 feet to

display

that

when the chart alarm is ad-

appears

on the

of the chart alarm bar

5

and the arrow

key

adjustment.

the arrow

and

key

0-180 feet.

A bar

appears

screen between the
triggers

the alarm.

on

stay. Schooling

provides

here.

this

temperature.

fish

suspended

over

deep

We assume

water lie at the level that

are the most comfortable

they

MODE

1

The

_______

fl 1

•

j

X-20 has five different screens" or modes of

tion. Use this

FISH I.D.
This

key

r 1

I

•

L. IL.

1101

AUTO

Turning

to the manual
the unit to automatic at

again.

to switch

key

turns the Fish l.D. feature off and on.

FISHALARM
Press both the Fish ID. and the AUTO

between modes.

opera-

at

key

the same time to activate the Fish Alarm. This is

an audible fish alarm.

the unit on enables the automatic mode. To switch

mode,

press

any

the AUTO

time

by pressing

You can return

key.

the AUTO

key

The

temperature

bottom.

warm and cool

thickness of the thermocline can

deep
are

active.

game
The X-20 can detect this invisible

will

SURVEYING

The most successful
day

that

where,

any

throughout

other factors.
With the

areas where fish are

Layers

lakes there

important

Many

fish will

probably

after

day

produce

and at what

season. And

X-20,

The most efficient

survey
indicate the

As

bottom. It

Keep

it with

you go

about

will

a few marker

the unit indicates a school of

thus

marked,

the

right spot.

lake. Unless
not be able to find it

of water in the lake is seldom constant from

of different

of water is called a thermocline. The

layer

may

temperatures

be two or more at different

to fishermen because

times bait fish will be above the thermocline while

suspend

have to be turned

in or

just

up

A LAKE

anglers

and

year

fish

consistently. They

depth, they

they

the

year depending

anyone

likely

way

unit. Start with a

your

promising spots

your survey, your

also reveal

buoys

can make

you

This is essential when

mark the school of fish when

you

again.

on

any body

after

year. Eventually, they

can

realize that these

on water

can eliminate

to be. Even if it's the first time on the lake!

to become

in relation to landmarks on shore.

suspended

in

the

fish,

your

and the

form,

with the season or time of

vary

depths.

are areas where fish are

they

below it.

in the

layer

water,

junction

Thermoclines

but the

to see it.

of water are those who fish it

learn the hot

discover

expect

guesswork

acquainted

unit

boat, ready

throw the

turn and come back to fish in

to find the fish

level,

of the

map

will tell

fish.

you're

through experience

they

productive

temperature,

and concentrate on the

with a

lake,

the

you

areas

of water is to

body

if

possible,

depth

and

to toss overboard. When

out. With the school

buoy

far from shore on a

over

you're

it,

top

of a

and

depth

day.

larger

sensitivity

spots

want at

change

and

food,

and

type

exactly

big

you may

to

In

of

6

23

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has an

of the

AND THERMOCLINES

important-if

WATER TEMPERATURE
Water

the activities

always

temperature

of all fish. Fish are cold

the

temperature

colder water slows down their

a fourth as much food as

about

fish don't

Most

narrow limits.

3000

helps identify

for various

Bass and other fish

too cold

during

tolerance than

spawn

A surface

species.

the summer.

others,

unless the

temperature

the desired surface water

Trout can't survive in streams

eventually

each has a certain

die out when stocked

While some fish have

not

controlling-influence

blooded and their bodies

surrounding

metabolism. At this

consume in the summer.

they

water

water.

temperature

meter such

spawning

within

range

as Lowrance's

During

the

time, they

is within

temperatures

that

in

a wider

get

that remain

takes

temperature

too warm.

which it tries to

upon

are

winter,

need

rather

LDT-

OPERATION

SENSITIVITY

When first turned

micro-computer

lock onto the bottom. The

and
locks onto

mode or

You

the bottom. You

manually adjust

need to increase

may

unit is in automatic.

"SENS" will flash on the

the left side of the screen.

on

level.

tivity

the

until
creases
moves
increased.
finished

ity

bar

sensitivity

sensitivity

as

you

setting

will

disappear

on,

automatically adjusts

To do

To increase the

is at the desired

in the same manner.

change settings.

You'll also see the

the

sensitivity

after

the X-20 is in the AUTO

the

sensitivity

digital depth

can leave the

suit conditions.

it to

the

sensitivity

first

this,

side of the

right

See

(

sensitivity, press

It will move

change

the letters 'SENS" and

level,

seconds.

eight

flashes

sensitivity

to show fish

SENS.

the

press

display.

below.)

level. The down

This indicates the sensi-

and

Notice how

up

on the

SEARCH mode.

and

range

to find

"0" until it finds and

in the automatic

symbols

key.

A vertical bar

hold the

the

when the

display.

when

The letters

appears

arrow

up

arrow

key

sensitivity

sensitivity

After

you've

the sensitiv-

The

the

key

de-
bar

is

When the Fish

if the unit's automatic feature

even
other small
be increased to

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

22

l.D. feature is

detail. When automatic

maximum

its

the

off,

sensitivity

is on. This will

is turned

level.

7

can be

off,

increased

help display

the

sensitivity

more,

fish and

level can

With

high sensitivity settings,

appear.

the surface of the water. Then it makes a second
back

This is normal. It's caused

again.

a second bottom echo

the

by

returning signal reflecting

(second echo) may

to the bottom and

trip

off

<—

.

A

BOAT'S DIRECTION OF

•

.•

.U•

U

B C

TRAVEL

:z

U •

U U

Remember,

sitivity automatically adjusts
computer places

the bottom

up
level while the unit is in

level

ity

will increase

level

you

To

adjust

SENS.

down arrow

sensitivity
chosen.

You can

manual

when the unit's automatic feature is

to the

it at a level

signal. However,

is not

high

the

sensitivity

programmed.

the

sensitivity

Then

key.

key

bar moves

the

adjust

mode.

slightly

automatic. This

enough

to show fish or other small detail. The unit

to

while the unit is in

either the

press

to decrease it. As

or

up

sensitivity

surrounding

above the minimum

it's

possible

pick up

up

down,

in

according

the same manner when the unit is in the

8

be desirable if the sensitiv-

may

the bottom

automatic,

arrow

you press

PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor

the receiver's sen-

on,

conditions. The micro-

to

sensitivity

or the

it,

key,

to

change

signal,

to increase

key

the arrow

to the

required

the

then add in the

simply press

sensitivity

pick

the
the

level

small fish

Very

a

partial

fish will

Large

arch. Because of water
thermoclines, etc.,

enough
One of the best

segment
segment,

turn the
on the screen. In medium

display

to

sensitivity up

fish

probably

or a

arch,

arch,

fish

get

of the water. For

the

better the screen resolution will be. For the best

arches.

will not arch at all. Medium sized fish will show

shape

but turn the

the

sensitivity

arches.

to

ways

as

high

similar to an arch if

sensitivity up

conditions,

fish arches

get

example,

as

possible

to

deep

such as

sometimes

is to

from 45 to 60 feet. The smaller the

without

this method should work to

water,

21

they're

in

deeper

heavy

cannot

expand

getting

in

water to see the

surface

be increased

too much noise

water

deep

clutter,

or "zoom" a

results,

r

ci

3.;

ZOOM

11

flSH

D

i

CHART SPEED

At

power

speed, press

the

right

side of the screen.

the

up

down arrow

speed,

chart

speed

atone.

the chart

on,

the CHART SPEED

side of the

arrow

key

key

release the

reaches its

at a

scrolls

speed

key.

display.

This indicates the current chart

if

you

to decrease

key.

A vertical bar will also

wish to increase the chart

it. When the chart reaches the

There are five

maximum or minimum

preset speed.

The word "CHART"

of chart

steps

level,

To

appear

speed.

speed.

speed.

the unit

change

will flash on

on

Next,

the

the left

press

Press the

desired

When the

will sound

57L_J

rocks or

Big
bottom level

height.

line

extending

A

steep slope

returned from a
Brush

the bottom
their

signal

FISH ARCHES

Fish arches are created when the cone of sound

The distance to a fish when the cone first strikes it is shown as

the next

distance is
distance

When the Fish l.D. feature is

size and
example,

displayed
diameter and the resolution limitations of the

stumps

As

you pass

usually

signal.

is not as

page.

shorter,

increases

shape

if the cone

on

signal.

the unit

on a smooth bottom send

The

over a

above

the bottom

returns a wide

underwater cliff are

high

lies on the bottom and shows

Brush

strong

When the center of the cone strikes

as shown in "B". As the cone leaves the

as shown in "C".

again

height

post,

signal,

signals

as rock.

off,

of the

it should be

signal.

the

look similar to

the

depth

of the fish arch due to the cone

passes

may

over a fish in shallow

not arch at all. This is due to the narrow cone

El

back

signals

signal depends

clearly

steeper

usually

the widest of all.

as

up

of the water will affect

display.

on

visible as

the wider.

clumps

large rocks;

passes

diameter.

angle

water,

above the

the

rising

however

over

the

fish,

fish,

the

target's

a short

Signals

above

a fish.

"A" on

the
the

the

For

signal

To view
key.

the chart

The chart

speed

At times it is desirable

echo before it scrolls off the

SPEED

and CHART SPEED

chart

speed setting.

be

displayed.

mode.

at the same

keys

The

speed

bar will

keys

If the

digital

without

to

stop

time will freeze the

does

changing it, press

appear

screen.

again

digital

for

or "freeze" the

Pressing

to start the

sonar

not

stop

the CHART SPEED

seconds.

eight

display

SENS. and CHART

the

display.
display

is

the bottom

on,

when the chart is

Press

moving

to examine an

the SENS.

last

at the

will still

depth

in

"freeze"

the

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20

9

RANGE

The

range automatically changes
display
changed
changed

60, 120,

AUTO is off. Then

on the

a shallower

range

pressed.

when the unit is in automatic. The

when the unit is in the automatic mode. The

in manual mode. There are six

and 180 feet. To

press

side of the screen.

right

or

range

annunciator will

press

to

keep

change

the RANGE

the

Next,

range,

key.

press

the down arrow

stop flashing eight

the bottom

cannot be

range

range

ranges

seconds after the last

available:

first make certain the word

The word RANGE will flash

the

arrow

key

up

for a

key

deeper

on the

signal

manually

can be

0-5, 15, 30,

to switch to

range.

key

The

was

Both 8
ings,

model. This is because

ber,

of the

degree

even

the shallow

signal

and 20

though

edge

tells

you

the bottom

of the

whether

degree

you

signal

transducers

is much wider on the 20

signal

are

seeing

shows

are over

you

accurate bottom read-

give

degree

more of the bottom. Remem-

the true

you

rocks, mud,

depth.

The rest

etc.

50'

100'

150'

200'

8°at 3db

boat is

your

returns a wide

clay

Turn

signal

up

pass-

nar-

the

ZOOM
Press the ZOOM

works

if the

will be 30 - 60 feet. If the unit is in

-

Automatic

by enlarging

range

is 0

-

operation

to double the size of the

key

the bottom half

of

60 feet and the zoom

automatic,

in this 30 foot window. There are two

on the 0-15'

15'.

There is no zoom on the

2)

range

and

press

the zoom

0-5'

10 19

targets

the selected

is

key

pressed,

the bottom will be tracked

exceptions

the new

key,

range.

on the

range.

For

the new

to this rule:

range

range

If

you're

It

display.

example,

1)

will be 10-

20° at

SIGNAL INTERPRETATION
Your unit

A

ing.

bottom

rows

absorbs the sound wave and returns a weak
sensitivity

bottom of

signal.

then it means that

,

an accurate

gives

firm

If the automatic feature is off and the bottom

picture

sand,

you

to see a better bottom

of the bottom that

gravel,

shell,

moved over a mud bottom. Mud

have

signal.

or hard

signal.

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MODE 5-All
Scroll. In this mode the chart
scrolls at

can be

speed
CHART SPEED

Chart

a)

No

b)

No FASTFRAK.

c)

No automatic

d)

lowed.

chart,

high speed.

adjusted

key

uses full screen.

digital depth

operation

High Speed

The chart

with the

if desired.

indicator.

al-

_ta

sa

iii

•a

•

a

Cu

h-in

-IL,

-

ZOOM
Zoom

range
the down arrow

up
the unit is on the 0-60 toot

the zoom

to 1 '-61'. The best

smaller one,

displayed
feet,

the
down arrow

zoom window around the bottom

Manual Mode

operates
doesn't

arrow

key

key,

that

and

you

range

differently

change

to shift the

key

shifts the

then the

way

then

press

want zoomed.

you

wish to

when the unit is in the

when the zoom

range up

range,

down arrow

to use

zoom

the

enlarge

to 0-15 feet. Now

until the bottom

key

range

this feature is to

the area

press

manual mode. The

is

key

pressed.

down in one

in one foot increments.

and the manual

once will move

key

shift the

key,

For

example,

immediately

the zoom

appears.

signal.

footincrements. The

mode is

change

range

if the bottom

above

key. Finally, press

Now

have a fifteen

you

Instead, press

For

example,

on, pressing

the 0-60'

the

until the

it,

range

depth

first

change

range

to a

area is

is 50

if

the

toot

Fish l.D. feature or Fish

No

e)

Alarm

Chart alarm is

f)

allowed.

-.

in

iLl

AUTO

F1 D

En

TRANSDUCERS AND CONE

The sound waves from the transducer

cone

shaped

The

angle

Lowrance offers a choice of transducers
cone

angle. Typically,

ideal for

cone

angle

of water the 20

8

degree

The 20

the 8

water,

feet - fresh

(300
more desirable. Since the sound

ft can

area,

beam. This looks much

between the outside

operating

allows

transducer covers

degree

penetrate

in shallow

to see

you

degree

transducer is almost

degree mostly

cone covers an area

water,

to much

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ANGLES

spread

like the beam from a

of the cone is the cone

edges

wide cone

only

in

100 feet

angle

to medium water

more of the underwater world. In 15

about a two foot circle.

always

water. In a

salt

-

salt

water)

energy

deeper

depths.

18

out into the

with either an 8 or 20

transducers

about six feet across. The

(20 degrees)

depths.

the best to use

water environment,

deep

the narrow cone

is concentrated

water in a

20

The

in

flashlight.

angle.

degree

are

degree

feet

in fresh

is

angle

smaller

a

DIGITAL

Built inside the X-20

is a

complete

to discriminate between the valid

thermoclines,

fish,

the bottom

At

power on,

bottom

depth.

signal.

the lower left side of the

or other

the

digital

Once it has

signals.

will

flash

acquired

display.

bottom echoes and false echoes

I

rn

DLI

sonar. It

digital

The

digital display

"0" until it has "locked on" to

the bottom

11

works

depth,

automatically

will

show

it will

display

from

only

the

in

ft

FISH I.D.

The Fish 1.0. feature is
The

computer

signals.

desirable
Targets

medium,
shown

Fish l.D. feature can

according

or back on

when the unit is in

l.D. feature.

To show fish
There should be some movement of the boat for the Fish l.D. feature to
work

properly.

If

have

you

NOTE: The Fish l.D. fea-

ture cannot
between fish and other

suspended objects
as

turtles,

trotlines,

or other inanimate

floats,
objects.

in this unit is so-

puter

phisticated,
fooled. The

challenge

tree branches
out from

branches. These can be
mis-identified as fish
the Fish 1.0. feature.

Also,

large

noise can fool the Fish
l.D. feature. This is usu-

caused

ally

transducer installation.
Although

feature isn't

can be

a valuable aid to

inside the

It

helps

signals.

that are identified

or

large

again, press

symbols,

difficulty showing

distinguish

tree

branches,

submerged

The micro-com-

but it can be

most difficult

is individual

extending

groups

amounts of

by

the Fish l.D.

perfect,

automatically

unit

analyzes

eliminate surface

The

remaining suspended targets

by

fish

symbols

to the relative size of the fish as seen

be used in automatic. If

only

the FISH l.D.

you

it will

must be

fish

manual,

such

of

by

a

poor

it

on when the unit is first turned on.

all

echoes,

clutter, thermoclines,

filtering

the unit as fish are

on the

put

symbols, try increasing

display.

you

If

key.

you press

it in automatic and enable the Fish

traveling

at a slow

out unwanted

and other un-

are

displayed

These

the unit. The

by

wish to turn it

the FISH

trolling speed.

the

••aNanu__a..n.

C

•C.

• ZOOM

iii

gui

usually

as

small,

symbols

l.D.

sensitivity.

I

I

AUTO

15

FISH

ID

C I

26

fish.

are

off,

key

the fisherman.

MODE 3

a)

the lower

The

-

The

digital depth

depth

Big digital.

quarter

is

a foot to 99.9

in

played
b)

MODE 4-
large digits.

whole numbers.

No FASTRAK

-

Depth only displayed

No chart is

numbers use

of the

displayed

then it is dis-

feet,

display.

in tenths of

in

displayed.

•

-

— urn

—

C fl a.

U

-

AUTO1

•

RANGE

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12 17

MODE

The X-20 has five different screen

MODE
appears. A summary

MODE

It has the

a)

play
does not show tenths of a

foot. Normal chart

b)

key. Keep pressing

of the

-

1

This is the default

features:

Small

following

digital depth

in lower left corner. It

display.

No FASTRAK.

the MODE

different screen modes follows.

mode used

dis-

modes. To

change

until the

key

when the unit is first turned on.

modes, press

desired screen

the

•13

I

AUTO

RANc

213

AUTO
When the unit is first turned
works

automatically

and

ity
at all times.

key
the automatic

turns the Fish
To
This

or other detail. This will not

to

range

To turn the automatic

once. The word "AUTO"

return the unit to the automatic mode,

will reset the

the Fish l.D.

press

to find

are also

sensitivity

l.D. feature off at

adjusted

and chart

sensitivity,

to turn

key

the automatic

on,

and

display

to

will

disappear

the same time. The

so

you may

turn the Fish l.D. feature

it on.

the bottom

the bottom

keep

feature

range

feature is enabled. It

depth.

signal

off,

simply press

from the

features are off.
press

wish to

display, signifying

digital

the AUTO

increase it to see fish

on. You will have

The sensitiv-

on the screen

the AUTO

This also

remains on.

key again.

4.

R1D

tin

I I

t V

AUTO

-'U

IL!

ZOOM

I

FisI-l to

2:

alarm and Fish Alarm.

on the left side of the

detects an echo inside

when fish or other

with the Fish

sounds different than

same time.

suspended

ID. feature.

The

screen.

the

the

MODE 2
same as mode 1

it has

displays

of the

verts all

zontal

first

screen.

rapid update

tions

boat. Echoes are
scrolled

the
l.D. feature is not avail-
able with this mode.

-

This is the

except

FASTRAK. This

on the

screen. It con-

bars when

appear

right

echoes to hori-

on the

This

gives

of

directly

display.

under the

normally

The Fish

across

side

they

a

condi-

also

___.—

.rjr

r]

J

"p

—

AUTO

RA?4&E

Cu

p

'in

—H-I

ALARMS

The unit

chart alarm consists

The

boundaries

Fish Alarm

objects
To

chart alarm.

has two different

alarm

"chirps"

of the bar.

sounds an audible alarm

are detected.

separate

the

Both alarms

alarms,

—---i

alarms,

of a bar that

whenever the unit

It works in

the fish alarm's tone

may

a chart

displays

conjunction

be used at the

6"

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16

13

CHART ALARM
To set the

The words

A

vertical bar also

the screen for

adjusting
between

deep

shallow end is

surface clutter or other false

by

move

shallower.
will

disappear.

Chart

Alarm,

press

"Chart Alarm" flashes in the lower

displays

seconds or for

eight

it. This is the Chart Alarm's "window"

the

end of this bar to make a smaller or

and bottom of this bar will sound the alarm.

top

automatically adjusted by

the bottom of the bar

seconds after the last button is

Eight

on the left side of the screen. It will

deeper,

g

1

the CHART ALARM

right

seconds after

eight

larger

the unit so it won't be

or

Next,

press

press

the

pressed,

RANGE

signals.

20

on the

key

corner of the screen.

you

echo that

Any

alarm "window." The

keyboard.

on

stay

have finished

appears

Adjust

triggered

the down arrow to

arrow to move it

up

the alarm bar

n

Li

/

To turn the Chart Alarm

the bottom of the

arrow

key.

FISH ALARM
Use the

susupended objects
FISH l.D. and the AUTO

ALARM"

alarm sounds each time
suspended object.

To turn the Fish Alarm

same time.

SPEAKER

The

speaker

arrow

keys

symbol
appears

when the unit is turned on. NOTE: This
unit will still sound a tone when a

turned

off.

ALARM

FISH

displays

can be turned on and off

at the same time. The

above the arrow

on the

right

off,

bar all the

for a distinctive audible alarm when fish or other

are detected

keys

at the bottom

the Fish

There is a different tone for each fish

off, press

keys.

center side of

the CHART ALARM

press

to its shallowest

way

the FISH 1.0. feature. Press the

by

at the

side of the screen. The audible

right

1.0.

the FISH 1.0. and AUTO

speaker

Whenever it is

the

key

then move

key,

symbol

keys

and down

symbol

is enabled

only.

speaker

the

size.

at the

a note

The

position using

same time. The words "FISH

feature detects a fish or other

by pressing

is

display.

applies

is

pressed

the

up

represented by

enabled,

The

a note

speaker

to the alarms

and the

up

is

LIGHT

When the "Chart Alarm"

view the Chart Alarm

bar will be

left side of the screen in the

trigger

If the

since it does not track

displayed

the alarm.

is

range

changed,

signal

bar,

simply press

for

eight

the Chart Alarm

range settings.

is

the alarm is active. If

on,

the CHART

seconds.

area covered

Any target

may

14

you

ALARM

that

the chart alarm bar will

by

need to be

key.

appears

changed

A

the

at the same time and the

the RANGE and ZOOM

unit is turned off.

wish to

The

on the

also

light

lights

allows

operation

of the unit at

night. Turning

the unit on causes

to flash for six seconds. Press the RANGE and ZOOM

will

lights

keys again.

Jr

on. To turn the

stay

The

lights

.---

will also

lights off, press

out when the

go

a

15

keys

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