Lab.gruppen LM 44 User Manual

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Operation Manual

Lake® LM Series

Digital Audio Processors

Rev 1.2.8

Item: OM-LM

Important Safety Instructions

1. Important Safety Instructions

Before using the device, be sure to carefully read the Safety Instruc tions. Keep this document with the device at all times.

1.1 Important Safety Instructions

1. Read these instructions.

2. Keep these instructions.

3. Heed all warnings.

4. Follow all instructions.

5. Do not use this apparatus near water.

6. Clean only with a dry cloth.

7. Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

8. Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including ampliers) that produce heat.

9. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with one wider than the other. A grounding-type plug has two blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or the third prong is provided for your safety. If the provided plug does not t into your outlet, consult an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet.

10. Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched, particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the apparatus.

11. Only use attachments/accessories specied by the manufacturer.

12. Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table specied by the manufacturer, or sold with the apparatus. When a cart is used, use caution when moving the car t/apparatus combination to avoid injury from tip-over.

13. Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time.

14. Refer all servicing to qualied service personnel. Servicing is required when the apparatus has been damaged in any way, such as power-supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen into the apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate normally, or has been dropped.

15. Use the mains plug to disconnect the apparatus from the mains.

16. WARNING: To reduce the risk of re of electric shock, do not expose this apparatus to rain or moisture.

17. Do not expose this equipment to dripping or splashing and ensure that no objects lled with liquids, such as vases, are placed on the equipment.

18. The mains plug of the power supply cord shall remain readily operable.

19. Do not connect the unit’s output to any other voltage source, such as battery, mains source, or power supply, regardless of whether the unit is turned on or off.

20. Do not remove the top (or bottom) cover. Removal of the cover will expose hazardous voltages. There are no user serviceable par ts inside and removal may void the warranty.

21. An experienced user shall always supervise this professional audio equipment, especially if inexperienced adults or minors are using the equipment.

22. The US National Differences clause 16.3 requires that network cables must be ame rated V W-1.

To prevent electric shock do not remove top or bottom covers. No user serviceable parts inside, refer servicing to qualied service personnel.

À prévenir le choc électrique n’enlevez pas les couvercles. Il n’y a pas des parties serviceable à l’intérieur, tous reparations doit etre faire par personnel qualié seulment.

To completely disconnect this equipment from the AC mains, disconnect the power supply cord plug from the AC receptacle. The mains plug of the power supply cord shall remain readily operable.

Pour démonter complètement l’équipement de l’alimentation générale, démonter le câble d’alimentation de son réceptacle. La prise d’alimentation restera aisément fonctionnelle.

1.2 Standards

This equipment conforms to the requirements of the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.

Standards applied: EMC Emission EN55103 -1, E3 EMC Immunity EN55103-2, E3, with S/N below 1% at normal operation level. Electrical Safety EN60 06 5, Class I

This equipment is tested and listed according to the U.S. safety standard ANSI/ UL 60065 and Canadian safety standard CSA C22.2 NO. 60065. Intertek made the tests and they are a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL).

1.3 Explanation of Graphical Symbols

The lightning bolt triangle is used to alert the user to the presence of un -insulated “dangerous voltages” within the unit’s chassis that may be of sufcient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to humans.

The exclamation point triangle is used to alert the user to presence of important operating and service instructions in the literature accompanying the product.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Important Safety Instructions

1.4 WARNING

To reduce risk of re or electric shock, do not expose this apparatus to rain or moisture.

Pour réduire les risques de blessure ou le choc électrique, n’exposez pas l’appareil à la pluie ou à l’ humidité.

Do not expose this system/apparatus to dripping or splashing and ensure that no objects lled with liquids, such as vases, are placed on the apparatus.

L’appareil ne doit pas être exposé à des egouttements d’eau ou des éclaboussures et de plus qu’aucun objet rempli de liquide tel que des vases ne doit pas être placé sur l’appareil.

This apparatus must be connected to a mains socket outlet with a protective earthing connection.

Cet appareil doi t être raccordé á une prise de courant qui est branchée à la terre.

The mains plug is used as a disconnect device and shall remain readily operable.

Lorsque la prise du réseau d’alimentation est utilisés comme dispositif de déconnexion, ce dispositif doit demeuré aisément accessible.

1.5 CAUTION

To reduce the risk of re or electric shock, do not remove screws. No user-ser viceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualied service personnel.

Pour réduire le risque d’incendie ou de choc électrique, ne pas retirer les vis. Aucune pièce réparable par l’utilisateur. Coner l’entretien àpersonnel qualié.

1.6 FCC Compliance Notice (Radio Interference)

A sample of this product has been tested and complies with the limits for the European Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) directive. This equipment has also been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference from electrical equipment. This product uses radio frequency energy and if not used or installed in accordance with these operating instructions, may cause interference to other equipment, such as radio receivers.

However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

▸ Reorient or relocate the antenna.

▸ Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

▸ Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Important Safety Instructions

▸ Check if the affected unit complies with the EMC limits for immunity, (CE-labeled). If not, address the

problem with the manufacturer or supplier. All electrical products sold in the EC must be approved for immunity against electromagnetic elds, high voltage ashes, and radio interference.

▸ Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/ T V technician for help.

1.7 User Responsibility

1.7.1 Mains Connection Grounding

Your apparatus must be connected to a grounded socket outlet.

1.7.2 Maintenance

For safe and reliable operation, the dust lter on the right-hand side air intake should be removed and cleaned regularly to ensure maximum airow through the device.

If the dust lter is not maintained there will be safety risks; for example, high internal temperatures could ignite the dust and start a re. There is also a risk that the unit will malfunction since it is dependent on constant airow from left to right. If the dust lter is not clean and the unit malfunctions, any resulting problems will not be covered by the warranty.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

iii

Table of Contents

1. Important Safety Instructions ................................................................................................................i

1.1 Important Safety Instructions ............................................................................................................... i

1.2 Standards ..............................................................................................................................................i

1.3 Explanation of Graphical Symbols ......................................................................................................... i

1.4 WARNING ............................................................................................................................................ ii

1.5 CAUTION ............................................................................................................................................. ii

1.6 FCC Compliance Notice (Radio Interference) ....................................................................................... ii

1.7 User Responsibility ..............................................................................................................................iii

2. Welcome ...................................................................................................................................................1

2.1 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................1

2.2 Main Features ......................................................................................................................................1

2.3 Additional Documentation ....................................................................................................................2

3. Installation ................................................................................................................................................ 3

3.1 Unpacking ............................................................................................................................................3

3.2 Mounting ..............................................................................................................................................3

3.3 Cooling .................................................................................................................................................3

3.4 Operating Voltage ................................................................................................................................4

3.5 Grounding ............................................................................................................................................. 4

4. Product Overview .................................................................................................................................... 5

4.1 Front Panel Overview ........................................................................................................................... 5

4.2 Back Panel Overview ........................................................................................................................... 8

5. Signal Flow and Lake Processing ........................................................................................................ 11

5.1 Signal Flow ........................................................................................................................................ 11

5.2 Lake Processing and Control .............................................................................................................. 13

5.3 Modules and Frames ........................................................................................................................ 13

5.4 Loudspeaker Processor (Contour Mode) Overview ...........................................................................14

5.5 System Equalizer (Mesa Mode) Overview ......................................................................................... 14

5.6 Switching between Contour and Mesa Mode ...................................................................................14

5.7 Files and Presets ................................................................................................................................ 15

6. Front Panel Interface ............................................................................................................................. 16

6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 16

6.2 Front Panel Key Lock .......................................................................................................................... 17

6.3 Power Button .................................................................................................................................. 17

6.4 Meter Button ..................................................................................................................................... 18

6.5 Menu Button ...................................................................................................................................... 18

6.6 Exit Button

6.7 Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs ................................................................................................ 18

6.8 Module I/O Mute Buttons and LED Meters ....................................................................................... 21

........................................................................................................................................18

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6.9 Meter Mode ....................................................................................................................................... 23

6.10 Menu Mode .......................................................................................................................................25

7. Back Panel Interface .............................................................................................................................. 42

7.1 Analog Inputs and Outputs ................................................................................................................42

7.2 AES3 Digital I/O ................................................................................................................................44

7.3 RJ45 etherCON Network Connections ..............................................................................................45

7.4 GPIO Connection ...............................................................................................................................47

7.5 Universal Power Supply Connection .................................................................................................48

8. Appendix ................................................................................................................................................. 49

8.1 Faults and Warnings Overview ..........................................................................................................49

8.2 Maintenance ......................................................................................................................................50

8.3 Factory Default Settings.....................................................................................................................50

8.4 Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations ..............................................................................51

9. Application Guide ..................................................................................................................................54

9.1 Gain Structure ....................................................................................................................................54

9.2 Gain / Level Optimization ...................................................................................................................55

9.3 Digital Audio Connections ..................................................................................................................55

9.4 Digital Clock Conguration .................................................................................................................57

10. LM 26 Technical Specications ............................................................................................................61

11. LM 44 Technical Specications ............................................................................................................62

12. Warranty and Support ..........................................................................................................................63

12.1 General ..............................................................................................................................................63

12.2 International Warranties .....................................................................................................................63

12.3 Technical Assistance and Service ......................................................................................................63

12.4 Trademarks .........................................................................................................................................64

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Welcome

2. Welcome

2.1 Introduction

Thank you for choosing the Lake LM Series of Digital Audio Processors. We are condent that you will be pleased with the performance, unique features, conguration exibility, reliability, and long-term durability offered by this product.

For fast installation and use of this product, your welcome package includes a printed copy of the LM Series Quick Start & Field Reference Guide which contains the information required to safely install the product and place it in service. Control and editing features are accessible via the front panel interface or via the included Lake Controller software.

It is recommend that the Quick Start & Field Reference Guide and all product documentation on the included CD-ROM is reviewed to ensure familiarity with the various conguration and control options.

Thank you again for placing your condence in Lake products.

2.2 Main Features

The LM Series incorporates a number of sophisticated technologies to ensure the best possible performance and many years of reliable operation. The following section summarizes the benets of each feature; additional information is available in the reference manuals.

2.2.1 Lake Processing and Controller

LM Series devices integrate seamlessly into the Lake Processing environment and are accessible via the Lake Controller software. Processing modules offer precise settings for gain, delay, crossover settings, equalization and limiting. Lake processing features incorporated in each module include Raised Cosine Equalization™, linear phase crossovers, and LimiterMax™ loudspeaker protection. The Super Module feature allows hardware processing modules in two or more separate devices to function as a single module in the Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

2.2.2 Lake Analyzer Bridge

Lake Controller software provides integration with third-party real-time analyzers, providing simultaneous measurement display and EQ adjustment via the Lake Controller.

The third-party measurement tools that can be integrated via the Analyzer Bridge include:

▸ Smaart Live Version 5.4

▸ Live-Capture Light / Live-Capture Pro

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Welcome

Smaart, distributed and supported by Rational Acoustics, provides real-time sound system measurement, optimization and control. Smaart combines several powerful audio frequency measurement and analysis tools.

Live-Capture, created by WaveCapture, offers easy-to-use software and measurement tools for sound engineers, installers, consultants and designers. The Lake Analyzer Bridge in conjunction with Live-Capture Light provides a completely free spectrum analyzer via your Lake Controller software interface.

2.2.3 Dante™ Audio Network

LM Series devices include Dante digital audio networking as standard. Utilizing the latest advances in Ethernet technology, Dante offers simplied system conguration and extremely low latency while delivering very high quality uncompressed digital audio across the Lake network. The Zen™ automatic conguration feature enables plug-and-play setup without third-party DHCP or DNS servers. Dante is compatible with high-bandwidth networks, allowing large numbers of audio channels to be distributed alongside control and analyzer data.

2.3 Additional Documentation

This document, the Lake LM Series Operation Manual, serves as the primary reference source for detailed information on the installation and operation of LM Series devices. It also provides detailed information on set-up and conguration using the front-panel interface.

If you intend to use the device as part of a networked system, or access features via the Lake Controller, please refer to the various supporting documents which can be located via these methods:

▸ Start > Programs > Lake Controller > Documentation (after installing Lake Controller software)

▸ On the Installer CD-ROM or the downloaded software installer

▸ Online at: http://labgruppen.com/index.php/products/documentation/

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Installation

3. Installation

3.1 Unpacking

Carefully open the shipping carton and check for any damage to the device or the supplied accessories. Every Lake product is tested and inspected before leaving the factory and should arrive in perfect condition. If any damage is discovered, please notify the shipping company immediately. Only the consignee may initiate a claim with the carrier or their insurers for damage incurred during shipping. Save the carton and packing materials for the carrier’s inspection.

In addition to the Lake LM Series device, the shipping carton include the following items:

▸ Lake LM Series Quick Start & Field Reference Guide

▸ AC mains lead (IEC power cable) with locking connector

▸ AES break-out cable (8-in, 8-out)

▸ Ethernet Cable

▸ Software Installer and Documentation CD-ROM

Please keep the original carton and associated packaging to facilitate shipping of the device should the need arise.

3.2 Mounting

Airow for cooling the device is from side to side (right-side intake to left-side fan). Please ensure there is sufcient space each side of the unit to allow airow; the space provided by standard rack-rails should be sufcient. This device has no top or bottom vents and therefore may be stacked directly on top of each other.

Sufcient space should be available at the front of the rack to accommodate the handles, and at the rear to accommodate connectors and cables; allowance must be made for cable or loom bends within a rack.

3.3 Cooling

The Lake LM Series devices use a forced-air cooling system, with airow from right to left. The dust lter on the air intake (right-side) should be regularly cleaned, especially after exposure to dusty environments, to ensure the maximum possible airow through the unit.

This device is designed to operate in situations where the ambient temperature is below 55 Automatic actions and warnings occur at following temperature thresholds:

▸ At 40oC (104oF) or less, the fan is OFF

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

C (131oF).

Installation

▸ At more than 40oC (104oF) the fan is ON

▸ At 55oC (131oF) a temperature warning is indicated on the front panel as ‘TEMP WARNING’ and in the

Controller Event Log as ‘Temp warning: DSP area’.

▸ At 70oC (158oF) the device has exceeded the maximum normal operating temperature. This fault is

indicated on the front panel as ‘OVERTEMP’ and in the Controller Event Log as ‘Temp fault: DSP area’.

The Processor will NOT mute or shut down when the temperature reaches or exceeds 70 sustained performance at this temperature cannot be guaranteed.

C (158 oF), however,

3.4 Operating Voltage

The label above the IEC connector indicates the AC mains voltage range for which the device is approved.

LM Series devices utilize a universal power supply, and will operate within the range 70-265V~50-60Hz : 25W. If the plug on the IEC cable provided is not appropriate for your country, a locally-sourced IEC cable with the appropriate molded plug should be used. A locking IEC cable is not necessary in order to power the device, although is essential if locking functionality it required.

Once a suitable AC power supply is connected, the device can be turned on using the front panel power button. When the device is turned on, the power button LED changes from red (Standby) to green (Active).

3.5 Grounding

Analog inputs and outputs feature Iso-Float™ ground isolation, a technology which combines the benets of transformer-coupled isolation with the advantages of clean, direct-coupled inputs and outputs.

The audio converters are galvanically isolated, and not connected to the main ground. High-speed transformers and opto-isolators create a barrier between the device and the outside electrical environment.

The Iso-Float feature is activated by default, but may be disabled via the Lake Controller software, or via the front panel menu.

Use correctly-shielded balanced audio input connections to minimise hum and interference. Please refer to section 7.1.5 for further information.

NEVER disconnect the earth (ground) pin on the mains cable (AC power cord).

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Product Overview

4. Product Overview

This chapter provides an overview of key features and functionality. For further information please see chapters 5 to 9 of this Operation Manual.

4.1 Front Panel Overview

Figure 4-1: LM Series Front Panel Overview

The front panel controls are clustered around a daylight readable LCD , allowing adjustment and monitoring of the majority parameters and meters. The two clusters of controls on either side of the LCD include three dedicated function buttons , six dynamic function buttons with embedded LEDs and a rotary data encoder . To the right of these controls is a dynamic illuminated I/O divider along with input and output mute buttons and level meters.

Handles

Two sturdy cast aluminium handles are integrated into the front panel. The handles should be used when carrying the device, and when tting into or removing from a rack. Ensure that any door or removable rack front cover has sufcient depth to clear the handles.

Standby

LM Series devices are powered on and placed into standby mode using the left-most button, or via the Lake Controller. Standby mode is not equivalent to turning the device off at the mains power.

All audio in and out of the processor is muted when in Standby mode. Network communication remains active to allow the device to be turned on via the Lake Controller.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Product Overview

Display

The display illuminates when the device is on. The LCD, function buttons, and the rotary encoder provide real-time control and monitoring of most parameters. The LEDs embedded in the function buttons indicate available menu options, provide conrmation of Controller communication, and indicate various faults and warnings.

The brightness and contrast of the display and front panel LEDs can be adjusted via the front panel menu.

Please refer to chapter 6 for further details.

Meter

The METER button scrolls through various meter views including the default Home View, Input Meters View (Mesa Mode only) and I/O Status View. Pressing METER from Menu Mode returns the screen to Meter Mode with the Home View displayed. Please refer to section 6.4 for further details.

After pressing the MENU button, the LCD will display the top level menu. In Menu Mode the dynamic function buttons enable access to various information and functionality. Please refer to section 6.5 for further details.

Exit

The EXIT button is used primarily while navigating the menu system in Menu Mode; pressing EXIT will return the menu up one level. In Meter Mode, pressing EXIT returns the metering display to the default Home View.

Dynamic Function Buttons with LEDs (Left of LCD)

The function of these buttons change according to the currently selected view or menu.

The left LED in the top button illuminates white to indicate the Frame is selected in the Lake Controller, or ashes white to indicate communication from the Lake Controller. If this button is pressed while in Home View, and with the Lake Controller on the Home page or the Modules Menu, the associated Module/s of the selected frame will be highlighted in the Controller (Module A in Contour Mode, or Modules A&B in Mesa Mode).

The three LEDs on the right side of each button illuminate white when an associated option is available on the LCD screen.

Please refer to chapter 6 for further details.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Product Overview

Dynamic Function Buttons with LEDs (Right of LCD)

The function of these buttons change according to the currently selected view or menu.

The right bi-color LED in the top button illuminates red or yellow to indicate faults or warnings. If this button is pressed while in Home View, and with the Lake Controller on the Home page or the Modules Menu, the associated Module/s of the selected frame will be highlighted in the Controller (Module B in Contour Mode, or Modules C&D in Mesa Mode).

The three LEDs on the left side of each button illuminate white when an associated option is available on the LCD screen.

Please refer to chapter 6 for further details.

Rotary Encoder

The rotary encoder is used to modify various parameters (e.g. input level) via the menu. When a menu item is selected that permits adjustment of parameter values, the ring around the rotary encoder illuminates. In Home View the encoder can be used to scroll through the Meter Views.

Dynamic Illuminated I/O Divider

The dynamic illuminated divider moves position to indicate the split between inputs and outputs for metering and mute purposes in the two different modes of conguration. Contour Mode provides two Module inputs, and six Module outputs; Mesa Mode provides four Module inputs and four Module outputs. The LED meters and mute buttons to the left of the illuminated divider relate to the Module inputs; the LED meters and mute buttons to the right of the divider relate to the Module outputs.

The I/O divider is not illuminated in I/O Status View as all eight LED meters and associated mute buttons are used for Input Router signal and mute functionality.

Module Input / Output Mute Buttons and LED Meters

Independent mute buttons and LED meters are provided for the Module inputs and outputs. The number of inputs and outputs varies depedning on processor and module conguration. Refer to the description above regarding the Dynamic Illuminated I/O Divider.

The LED meters for each channel are split into ve segments: The bottom three segments (green) indicate signal; the 4th segment (yellow) indicates signal 2 dB below clipping; and the 5th segment (red) indicates signal clipping.

The embedded LED in each mute button conrms whether the associated Module input/s or output/s are muted (red), unmuted (white), associated input router is muted (pink), or unused (not illuminated).

Please refer to section 6.8 for further information.

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Product Overview

4.2 Back Panel Overview

Figure 4-2: LM 26 Back Panel Layout

Figure 4-3: LM 44 Back Panel Layout

Analog Outputs

Analog outputs are provided via standard XLR3M connections. The outputs are electronically balanced and feature Lake Iso-Float circuitry; it is not recommended to use unbalanced connections. The output impedance is 50 ohms, providing a maximum output level of +21 dBu. Please refer to section 7.1 for further information.

Analog Inputs

Analog inputs are provided via standard XLR3F latching connectors. The inputs are electronically balanced and feature Lake Iso-Float circuitry; it is not recommended to use unbalanced connections. The impedance is 20 kohms (balanced), and the inputs can accept a maximum input level of +26 dBu. Please refer to section

7.1 for further information.

AES3 I/O

AES inputs and outputs are provided via a 25-pin DB25 connector. Inputs can be received on AES1 (Ch.1,2) and AES2 (Ch.3,4) for all LM Series devices; the LM 44 also allows input from AES3 (Ch.5,6) and AES4 (Ch.7,8).

Outputs are via AES1 (Ch.1,2), AES2 (Ch.3,4), AES3 (Ch.5,6) and AES4 (Ch.7,8). Please refer to section 7.2 for further information.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Product Overview

The sample rates available for AES3 inputs and outputs are 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, 192 kHz; input and output sample rates can be congured to lock to different sample rates.

Primary Network Connector

The primary Neutrik RJ45 etherCON

connection provides integration into an Ethernet control network which may include other Lake Processors and the Lake Controller software. Network connection permits full control of all functions along with real-time metering from a remote position. This device supports the Dante audio networking protocol, which allows transmission of multichannel, high-denition digital audio over the same Ethernet connection.

Use the primary connector when using a star network topology, consisting of individual Cat-5e connections between the devices and an Ethernet switch. Alternatively this connection can be used to daisy chain directly to another Lake Processor. The daisy chain topology should not be used with Dante.

For a technical reference of the Ethernet Port, please refer to section 7.3. Additional information is available in the Lake Network Conguration Guide.

The Ethernet ports automatically switch to operate at Ethernet data rates of 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps, and allow straight or crossed network cables. Two LEDs above each port indicate valid network connection (LINK) and network activity (ACT).

Secondary Connector

The secondary network connector can be used to daisy-chain multiple LM & PLM Series and legacy Dolby and Lake devices. Alternatively, a Dante dual-network topology can be created by connecting all secondary network connectors to a separate Ethernet switch, ensuring full redundancy in the event of a network component failure.

Additional processor conguration is required for a dual redundant network setup. See the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

For a technical reference of the Ethernet Port, please refer to section 7.3. Additional information is available in the Lake Network Conguration Guide.

When connecting multiple devices to an Ethernet network, care must be taken NOT to create a closed loop which causes network malfunction.

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Product Overview

GPIO Connector

A 9-pin GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) connection is provided to enable integration with external systems such as alarm/re systems, providing basic control of power state, mute along with fault notication to an external monitoring system. Please refer to sections 6.10.4.4 and 7.4 for further details.

Mains Power Connector

A universal power supply capable of accepting 70-265 V ~ 50-60 Hz : 25 W is built into LM Series devices. The IEC power cable provided includes a locking feature via a pin on the bottom of the connector; the connector can accept standard or locking IEC power cables.

The power supply must be connected to AC mains using a power cable with a correctly wired plug for the country of operation.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Signal Flow and Lake Processing

5. Signal Flow and Lake Processing

5.1 Signal Flow

The gures below depict the audio signal ow for LM Series devices congured in both Contour and Mesa modes. It is worth noting that this sophisticated device provides up to ve points in the signal chain where the signal level can be adjusted, muted or disconnected (depending on whether congured in Contour or Mesa Mode as described below). The blue sections represent Frame data, and the red sections represent Module data - please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

Important information regarding correct setting of the gain structure can be found in section 9.1.

Figure 5-1: LM Series Signal Flow (Contour Mode)

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Signal Flow and Lake Processing

Figure 5-2: LM Series Signal Flow (Mesa Mode)

Please refer to section 6.10.4.2 for information on changing the Frame conguration between Contour and Mesa Modes.

5.1.1 Level Adjustments & Mute Points

The numbers below correspond the points identied in Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2.

Input Router Stage - Input selection and MUTE

Input Mixer Stage - Router ON/OFF connection to mixer and gain settings

Module Input Stage - Mute (N/A for LM Series Mesa Mode) and gain settings

Module Output Stage - Mute and gain settings

Output Router Stage - Output ON/OFF routing connections

In Contour Mode, a Module can be connected to Input Routers 1-4 providing all ve stages of mute/connectivity functionality via the front panel interface or the Lake Controller; Input Routers 5-8 allow stage 1 input selection only (MUTE unavailable), along with stage 5 output ON/OFF routing connections (i.e. pass-thru).

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Signal Flow and Lake Processing

In Mesa Mode, a Module can be connected to any of the eight input routers, providing four stages of mute/ connectivity (stage 1,2,4 & 5).

If the required audio signal is not passing correctly, verify the connection, mute and gain settings at all ve stages.

5.2 Lake Processing and Control

As outlined in section 2.2.1, this device integrates seamlessly into the Lake Processing environment, providing all features, functionality and connectivity associated with all Lake Processors. The internal Lake Processing includes programmable crossovers, EQ, dynamics and other functions, and can be fully controlled via the supplied Lake Controller software. Additionally, many functions can be controlled or accessed directly via the front panel.

The Lake Controller Operation Manual and Lake Network Conguration Guide are supplied on the accompanying CD-ROM and additional documentation is available from the Start Menu after software installation.

Visit http://lakeprocessing.com to download the latest software, rmware and documentation for your devices.

5.3 Modules and Frames

5.3.1 Overview

A Frame represents one physical Lake Processor (e.g. LM 26 or LM 44). In Contour Mode, a maximum of two Modules are contained within each Frame; these are referred to as Module A and Module B. The number of Modules shown in a given Frame is also dependent upon the signal processing conguration of that Frame. In Mesa Mode each Frame contains four Modules labelled A, B, C & D.

In Contour Mode, each Module can be congured as a Classic Crossover (Bessel, Butterworth, LinkwitzRiley), as a Linear Phase Crossover, or as multiple full bandwidth Auxiliary Outputs. The default conguration for the LM 26 is 2 x Classic 3-Way Modules, providing a total of six Module outputs. The default conguration for an LM 44 is four Mesa EQ Modules, providing a total of four Module outputs.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

5.3.2 Super Modules

Super Modules allow control of multiple Modules of the same type, distributed across multiple Frames, as a single entity within the Lake Controller software. A change made in the Super Module is replicated across all assigned Modules, resulting in improved efciency in system conguration and a reduction of on-screen icons within the Lake Controller software.

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The key benet of this feature is the ability to connect and control crossovers, levels and EQ across multiple hardware devices simultaneously from the Lake Controller. For example, one device may be driving sub and low-frequency speakers, while another device controls mid-range and hi-frequency drivers. Using a single adjustment the crossover points between the two devices can be changed simultaneously.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information regarding Super Modules.

5.4 Loudspeaker Processor (Contour Mode) Overview

In Contour Mode, LM Series devices may be congured with up to two processing Modules containing a total of up to six processing Module outputs as shown in Figure 5-1 on page 11. Each set of processing elements is referred to as a Module and can be congured as crossovers, full-bandwidth auxiliary outputs, or a combination of the two. The relationship between inputs and outputs is dened via the Lake Controller or via the front panel I/O CONFIG Menu.

The Lake Processing system provides two distinct categories of crossovers:

▸ Innite Impulse Response lters (IIR) such as the classic Bessel, Butterworth or Linkwitz-Riley types;

these are available with slopes ranging from 6 dB/octave to 48 dB/octave.

▸ Finite Impulse Response lters (FIR) providing zero phase shift with steep transition slopes at the

crossover frequencies. These are also referred to as Linear Phase Crossovers.

Further details on these types of crossovers and information on conguring various module types can be found in the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

5.5 System Equalizer (Mesa Mode) Overview

In Mesa Mode, an LM Series device provides four processing Modules with independant EQ, HPF/LPF, Gain, Polarity, Delay and Limiters as shown in Figure 5-2 on page 12. The relationship between inputs and outputs is dened via the Lake Controller or via the front panel I/O Input Cong Menu.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for addiitonal information on Mesa Mode and associated I/O routing.

5.6 Switching between Contour and Mesa Mode

When switching between Contour and Mesa Modes, all current Frame conguration data is lost (Presets are retained) and the device is completely recongured into the selected Mode. Ensure you have stored any existing frame conguration data before conguring into a different mode.

The device conguration may be changed either via the Front Panel MENU > FRAME > FRAME RST (refer to section 6.10.4.2) or via the Lake Controller MODULES > I/O CONFIG > FRAME CONFIG menu (refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual).

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5.7 Files and Presets

The Lake system provides various methods for storing and recalling Module, Frame, or system-wide data. An overview is provided below; for further information please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

5.7.1 Module, System and Sub-System Conguration Files

Module, System and Sub-System Conguration les are stored on the Lake Controller PC, and data is passed across the network when recalling or storing these type of les.

▸ A Module le is the smallest set of data that can be stored and recalled; it contains crossover, gain,

delay, and limiter information for an individual loudspeaker (i.e. the data shown in red in the signal ow diagrams in section 5.1). A Module le may be recalled into other Lake devices. It is not possible to store a Module File directly on the hardware device.

▸ A System or Sub-System Conguration File contains a set of Module le information in addition to

Frame related information such Group data and I/O conguration (i.e. the data shown in blue in the signal ow diagrams in section 5.1).

5.7.2 Frame and System Presets

This device allows the complete processor conguration to be stored as a Frame Preset on the hardware unit itself. Presets can be recalled via the front panel (please refer to section 6.10.6) or via the Lake Controller software (please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual). Presets can be stored into the device using the Lake Controller or the LM Series Preset Manager utility.

A maximum of 100 Frame Presets can be stored on this device. The data within a Frame Preset includes the congurations of both Modules in the Frame, including all levels, crossover, EQ, input mixer, output routing, and all other Module, Frame and Group parameters. As Frame Presets are stored in the device, complete processor congurations may be recalled without the need to connect the device to a PC.

Using the System Presets function in the Lake Controller, entire system congurations can be stored and recalled across a network of LM & PLM Series devices, Dolby Lake Processors, Mesa Quad EQ and the Contour Pro 26. This enables fast retrieval and switching of entire system congurations as minimal data is being sent between the Controller and Processors.

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6. Front Panel Interface

An overview of the front panel interface is provided in section 4.1. This chapter describes each cluster of controls as shown in Figure 6-1.

Figure 6-1: Front Panel Interface

6.1 Overview

The front panel interface is framed by two sturdy cast aluminium handles . The majority of functions on LM Series devices can be operated and monitored via the following controls and display features: On/ standby button , front-panel LCD display screen , function buttons , rotary encoder , a dynamic illuminated I/O divider and the dedicated Module input output mute buttons and LED meters .

The front panel has two basic modes: Meter Mode and Menu Mode.

▸ Meter Mode provides the following views: Home View (default), Input Meters View (Mesa Mode only)

and I/O Status View. To navigate through these views, press the METER button. Please refer to section

6.9 for further information on Meter Mode.

▸ Menu Mode provides various menus for viewing and editing parameters and is selected by pressing the

MENU button. Select the required submenu by pressing the associated button. Please refer to section

6.10 for further information on Menu Mode.

6.1.1 Warning, Fault and Mute Indications

Fault or warning conditions are indicated via the LEDs embedded in the dynamic function buttons; a simultaneous description is shown adjacent to the button, on the LCD.

Further information on faults and warnings is provided in section 6.7.2 and section 8.1.

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6.1.2 Selecting a Module in the Lake Controller software via the device

It is sometimes useful to identify which Module icon/s in the Lake Controller software are associated with a particular hardware Frame. To highlight the module in the Lake Controller software:

1. Ensure Meter Mode is selected

2. Press the button adjacent to the Module description on the LCD

If the Frame is online, but the Module is not in the work area, the selected Module will be centred on the Module scroll bar (assuming the Modules Menu is selected in the Lake Controller).

6.2 Front Panel Key Lock

It is possible to lock the front panel buttons for security purposes. When this function is active, all front panel controls are disabled and all adjustment must be made via the network. To lock controls, press and hold button then simultaneously press button as shown in Figure 6-2; repeat this process to unlock.

Figure 6-2: Locking / Unlocking Front Panel Controls

A key icon will appear at the top of the display when the Front Panel is locked.

6.3 Power Button

The unit is powered on by pressing the left-most button on the front panel, labelled in Figure 6-1. It has a bi-color power symbol which illuminates red when connected to the AC mains and the unit is in standby mode. It turns green when the button is pressed to turn the processor on. A subsequent press of this button returns the unit to standby mode.

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6.4 Meter Button

The front panel display has two main operating modes, Meter Mode (default) and Menu Mode. In normal operation, the display will be in Meter Mode.

The following views are available in Meter Mode: Home View (default), Input View (Mesa Mode only) and I/O Status View. Pressing the METER button when in Menu Mode will return the system to Meter Mode, with the Home View displayed. Please refer to section 6.9 for further information.

6.5 Menu Button

Menu Mode is selected by pressing the MENU button . The screen displays the top level menu with various submenu options. Press the button adjacent to the required submenu to select it.

Pressing the MENU button while in Menu Mode will display the previous menu level.

scrolls through these views. Pressing the METER button

Menu Mode is used for processor conguration, or for editing a parameter. Please refer to section 6.10 for further details.

6.6 Exit Button

In Menu Mode, pressing the EXIT button returns back one menu level. In Meter Mode, pressing EXIT returns the display to the Home View.

6.7 Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs

Figure 6-3: LCD with Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs

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6.7.1 Communication LED

This bright white LED signies selection in the Lake Controller, or Controller communication providing visual conrmation of:

1. Network communication between the Lake Controller and the Lake Processor (Flashing LED).

2. Selection of the Lake Processor in the Lake Controller software (Steady LED).

The Communication LED can be dimmed via the front panel by selecting Frame menu, and then Front - Dimming.

6.7.2 Faults and Warnings LED

This LED turns red to indicate a fault or mute state and turns yellow to indicate a warning. Additional clarication of the fault or warning is displayed in the LCD. All mute, fault and warning states displayed on the front panel are summarized in section 8.1.

Additional faults and warnings are reported in the Event Log of the Lake Controller only. All faults and warnings recorded in the Event Log are listed in section 8.1 along with scenarios that may have arisen to cause them.

Device Fault / Mute Description LCD Warning Text Event Log Warning Text

LM 44 Only A/D PSU Fault PSU FAULT Frame Fault: PSU

All LM Series Protective Mute State PROTECTIVE MUTE Protective mute via GPIO

All LM Series Overtemperature OVERTEMP Temp Fault: DSP area

All LM Series No Input Source Available NO INPUT No Input Source

All LM Series Analog Input Fault ANALOG IN FAULT Frame Fault: Analog input

All LM Series Fan Alarm FAN FAULT Frame Fault: Fan error

All LM Series Input Router Mute INPUT RTR MUTE Input Router x mute

Table 6-1: Faults (RED FAULT / WARNING LED)

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Warning Description LCD Warning Text Event Log Warning Text

Digital Clock Slipping CLOCK SLIPPING AES/Dante input clock slipping

Temperature Warning TEMP WARNING Temp Warning: DSP area

Controller Ofine CTRL OFFLINE n/a

Module Input/Output mute status is indicated by the dedicated mute button LEDs. Clipping is indicated by the associated red meter segment. Please refer to section 6.8 for further details.

6.7.3 Rotary Encoder

The rotary encoder is used to adjust parameters in conjunction with the selection made via the dynamic function buttons and LCD menus. The ring around the rotary encoder illuminates when a selected parameter is available for adjustment.

Table 6-2: Warnings (YELLOW FAULT / WARNING LED)

Turn the encoder clockwise to increase the selected parameter, or counter-clockwise to decrease the value. Parameters with only two states (e.g. ON, OFF) are toggled by turning clockwise or counter-clockwise. Some parameters enable simultaneous adjustment of a combination of input and output channels.

To select which channels are adjusted:

1. Press the associated soft button/s to select the parameter/s for editing. A selected parameter is indicated by inverse text and background color.

2. Use the rotary encoder to change the value.

It is possible to select multiple parameters for simultaneous editing even if the values are different on each channel. Turning the rotary encoder will adjust each parameter by the same increment. When in Meter Mode, the rotary encoder allows the user to change between the available meter views.

Some menus permit parameters to be adjusted across multiple channels simultaneously by default.

6.7.4 Dynamic Function Buttons

The buttons surrounding the display are unlabeled because their functions change according to the currently selected menu or display.

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In Menu Mode these buttons are used to navigate the menu structure. A white LED illuminates on each button when a valid menu option is available.

6.8 Module I/O Mute Buttons and LED Meters

LM Series devices provide mute functions at several points in the audio signal path. Please refer to section

5.1 for mute locations and descriptions.

Three types of mute are available from the front panel:

1. Input Router Mutes

2. Module Input Mutes

3. Module Output Mutes

In Home View (default), Module Input and Output Mutes are controlled via the dedicated mute buttons underneath each channel’s ve-segment LED meter as shown in Figure 6- 4.

Figure 6-4: Dedicated Module Input and Output Mutes - Home View

In Figure 6-4, the buttons labelled A & B provide Module input muting; the buttons labelled 1-6 provide Module output muting.

A pink LED indicates a partial mute caused by a mute on an Input Router used by the associated Input Mixer. If all Input Routers used by an Input Mixer are muted the LED turns red to indicate a full mute; this type of mute cannot be unmuted from Home View. Input router mutes are accessed via the I/O Status View as described below, or via the Lake Controller Levels screen as described in the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

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In I/O Status View (accessed via the METER button as described in section 6.9.4) the front panel mute buttons and meters change to show Input Router mutes and Input Router metering; the dynamic I/O divider line is not present and the buttons and meters change to represent the input router mute status and associated metering.

The number of Input Routers varies depending on the whether the frame is congured as Contour or Mesa as shown in Figure 6-6; the number and location of the Input Router channels is identied by the labels R1-R8.

Figure 6-5: Mute Button LED Colours and States

Figure 6-6: I/O Status View - Input Router Mutes and Meters

The Input Router Mutes can also be viewed and changed via buttons adjacent to each label the front panel I/O Status view.

6.8.1 Module Input and Output Mutes

In Home View, dedicated mute buttons are provided for the Module inputs and Module outputs. To mute or unmute a module input or output, tap the corresponding button. The button illuminates as described in section 6.8 and shown in Figure 6-5.

Module input mutes are only available in Contour Mode; Module input mutes are not applicable in Mesa Mode. The quantity and position of the output mute buttons changes as shown in Figure 6-4 depending on whether the device is congured in Contour Mode (six outputs) or Mesa Mode (four outputs).

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for details of Module mute controls via the software.

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6.8.2 Clip Indication

The dedicated 5-segment metering LEDs (Figure 6-4 ) display Module input and output clip or pre-clip conditions. Additionally, the faults and warnings LED described in section 6.7.2 provides clip warnings for input mutes, or GPIO protective mutes, along with conrmation text on the LCD screen.

Clipping is monitored at the following positions in the signal chain:

▸ Analog Inputs: If the input signal exceeds either +12 dBu or +26 dBu (according to analog sensitivity

setting), a clip indication will be given. This does not apply if digital inputs are selected.

▸ Module Inputs: If the signal level at this point exceeds +25 dBu, a clip indication will be given.

▸ Module Outputs: If the signal level at this point exceeds +21 dBu, a clip indication will be given.

6.9 Meter Mode

6.9.1 Home View (Contour Mode)

The default view when powering on an LM Series device device congured in Contour Mode is the Meter Mode > Home View as shown in Figure 6-7.

Figure 6-7: Meter Mode > Home View

Home View (Contour Mode) provides a summary of Module I/O gain level and limiter gain reduction, along with frame, module and channel labeling information.

6.9.2 Home View (Mesa Mode)

The default view when powering on an LM Series device congured in Mesa Mode is Meter Mode > Home View as shown in Figure 6-8.

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Home View (Mesa Mode) provides a summary of Module output gain level and limiter gain reduction, along with frame, module and channel labeling information.

6.9.3 Input Meters (Mesa Mode)

Pressing the METER button from Home View in Mesa Mode will display the Input Meters View similar to that shown in Figure 6-9. This view is not available in Contour Mode as Contour Mode Home View includes both input and output metering information.

Figure 6-8: Meter Mode > Home View (Mesa - Module Outputs)

Figure 6-9: Meter Mode > Input Meters (Mesa Only)

6.9.4 I/O Status View

Pressing the METER button from Home View (once in Contour Mode, twice in Mesa Mode) results in the I/O Status View being displayed, similar to that shown in Figure 6-10. There are two pages to this screen; press the meter button again to display page two. Page one displays the selected input status and metering information for input routers 1-4, page two displays input routers 5-8.

In I/O Status View, the front panel mute button and metering LED’s change to represent the Input Router mute status an metering levels as described in 6.8.

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Figure 6-10: Meter Mode > I/O Status View

This section displays the screen title (left) and frame fault or warning description (right)

This section displays conrmation of the following settings:

Dante Clock Master (no icon = Dante Slave or Dante Disabled) AES3 Input Terminated (no icon = Unterminated) Analog Inputs Iso-Float Grounded (no icon = Floating) Analog Outputs Iso-Float Grounded (no icon = Floating)

Front Panel Interface

The main section of the I/O Status View displays status and metering information for four of the eight input routers. The information displayed for each input includes the currently selected input source type, input router gain level meter (displayed as a horizontal bar and numeric dB, and also shown on the main front panel LED meters), input mute status, analog headroom, digital sample rate, digital clock selection and digital clock locking status.

If an Input Router is muted, the top-right LED is illuminated red as shown in Figure 6-10, and the frame fault text in section A of the screen will display INPUT MUTE. The fault and warning LED illuminates red or yellow in all Meter and Menu Views as described in section 6.7.2 and section 8.1.

These buttons allow muting/unmuting of the associated device input router. Conrmation of each input router’s mute status is displayed on the LCD next to the associated button as shown for input 2 in Figure 6-10. To view inputs 5- 8 (I/O Status 2) press the METER button, or turn the rotary encoder clockwise.

The faults and warnings LED is accompanied by text on the top-right side of the LCD. The LED illuminates red if any input is muted, or if another fault condition occurs; it illuminates yellow if a warning condition arises. Please refer to section 6.7.2 for further details.

6.10 Menu Mode

6.10.1 Overview

The majority of functions can be accessed via Menu Mode on the front panel. These functions include the adjustment of gain, delay, limiters, input and output routing, and the ability to recall Frame Presets. Menu Mode can be accessed at any time by pressing the MENU button.

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After pressing the MENU button, various submenu options are displayed as shown in Figure 6-11

Figure 6-11: Menu Mode > Main Menu

Press the illuminated button adjacent to the required option to display an associated submenu. When parameter level is reached, individual parameters may be selected for adjustment by pressing the adjacent button. The selected parameter value/s are highlighted, and are adjustable using the rotary encoder.

A parameter may be adjusted simultaneously across multiple channels by selecting all values to be adjusted; any current value offsets are retained. Some parameters default to multiple selection, with all inputs or outputs adjusted simultaneously. Changes are effected in real-time and a stored without further conrmation. Pressing EXIT returns to the previous menu level, automatically retaining any parameter changes.

All parameters are also editable via the Lake Controller unless specied otherwise.

6.10.1.1 Parameters with Individual Values and Group Totals

The following parameters display two values:

▸ MODULE > GAIN

▸ MODULE > DELAY

▸ MODULE > LIMITERS > MA XRMS LEVEL

▸ MODULE > LIMITERS > MA XPEAK LEVEL

The Module parameter can be adjusted using the rotary encoder. The Group total (shown in brackets) is only adjustable using the Groups function in the Lake Controller.

The Group total is the sum of the individual Module value plus any values for this parameter on all Groups to which the Module is assigned. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information on Groups.

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6.10.1.2 Menu Structure Overview

From the Main Menu, the following submenus are available, as shown in Figure 6-11 and described in the following sections.

▸ MODULE (See section 6.10.2)

▸ Mixer Gain ▸ Gain ▸ Delay ▸ Polarity ▸ Limiters

▸ INPUT CONFIGURATION (See section 6.10.3)

▸ Input Router ▸ AES Termination ▸ Iso-Float ▸ Output Router

▸ FRAME (See section 6.10.4)

▸ Frame Information ▸ Frame Reset ▸ Latency Match ▸ GPIO Conguration ▸ Front Panel

▸ FRAME PRESETS (See section 6.10.6)

▸ Preset Recall

For simplicity, the following sections refer to the buttons by their associated name on the LCD screen. E.g. ‘Press GAIN’ equates to ‘Press the button adjacent to the Gain label on the LCD’.

6.10.2 Module Submenu

MENU > MODULE

After selecting the Module Menu, the screen shown in Figure 6-12 is displayed. Press the illuminated button adjacent to the required option to view or edit the associated parameters.

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6.10.2.1 Mixer Gain

MENU > MODULE > MIXER GAIN

Figure 6-12: Module Submenu

Figure 6-13: Module Input Mixer Gain Edit Screen

The top left button labeled PAGE toggles between the input mixer gain settings for each Module in the Frame. Press any other illuminated button to select a parameter for editing then use the rotary encoder to make adjustments. Multiple parameters may be selected and adjusted together.

6.10.2.2 Gain

MENU > MODULE > GAIN

For frames where both Modules have four output channels or less, a detailed parameter screen as shown in Figure 6-14 is displayed. Where Module A has ve output channels or more, the combined summary edit screen shown in Figure 6-15 is the only screen available.

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Figure 6-14: Single Module Gain Edit Screen

Pressing the top left PAGE button scrolls between the following three views for modules with four output channels or less:

1. Module A Input and Output Gain Settings (with Group totals)

2. Module B Input and Output Gain Settings (with Group totals)

3. Module A & B Combined Summary (without Group totals)

Pressing any other illuminated button on any of these three screens allows direct editing of the Module parameter using the rotary encoder.

Figure 6-15: Module A+B Combined Gain Summary Edit Screen

On the combined module summary screen, use the NAV button to navigate through the channels, and the SEL button to select a parameter for editing. Selected parameters are highlighted using inverse video on the value. The navigation cursor is identied by a bounding box around the abbreviated channel label. Multiple gain values may be adjusted in 0.1 dB increments subject to dened level limits.

6.10.2.3 Delay

MENU > MODULE > DELAY

Module Delay adjustment follows the same logic as Module Gain. Please refer to section 6.10.2.2 for further information. Multiple delay values may be adjusted simultaneously in 0.1 ms increments, subject to dened level limits.

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The audio signal may be delayed (typically for reasons of driver or delay subsystem alignment) at either the Module inputs or on individual outputs. Delay added at the inputs affects all outputs equally, and will be generally be introduced to time-align arrays of loudspeakers at different locations. Delaying individual outputs may be desirable to time-align drivers in the same cabinet or array.

6.10.2.4 Phase (Polarity)

MENU > MODULE > PHASE

Module Phase adjustment follows the same logic as Module Gain. Please refer to the section 6.10.2.2 for further information. Phase may be changed on one input or output at a time.

Audio phase reversal is available at the inputs to Module A and Module B, and also individually on the six output channels. The LCD displays ‘Positive’ for normal operation, and ‘Negative’ when the phase is inverted.

6.10.2.5 Limiters

MENU > MODULE > LIMITERS

LimiterMax parameters can be adjusted via this submenu. By default, simultaneous adjustment of most limiter parameters across all output channels is selected, although channels may be adjusted individually if required. Attack and Release times must be adjusted individually per channel.

MaxPeak Level (MaxPeakLvl)

This sets the maximum peak signal level at the Module outputs. It is adjustable from -30 dBu to +30 dBu in 0.1 dB increments, subject to user-dened level limits. The Group total is displayed (in brackets) for each channel.

MaxRMS Level (MaxRMSLvl)

This sets the maximum RMS signal level at the Module outputs. It is adjustable from -30 dBu to +30 dBu in 0.1 dB increments, subject to user-dened level limits. The Group total is displayed (in brackets) for each channel.

MaxRMS Corner (MaxRMSCor)

A soft-knee or hard-knee corner may be applied to the RMS Limiter. A soft-knee corner gently increases limiting as the signal approaches the threshold; a hard-knee corner applies full limiting to any signal exceeding the threshold by any amount, but none to signals below the threshold.

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The Corner parameter is adjustable in 0.1 dB increments, subject to dened level limits. This gure represents the level below the limiter threshold at which compression commences; the larger this negative value, the softer the knee. A setting of 0 dB implies a hard-knee characteristic.

LimiterMax provides peak and RMS limiting features, referred to as MaxPeak and MaxRMS respectively. Full details regarding LimiterMax can be found in the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

6.10.3 I/O Cong Submenu

MENU > I/O CONFIG

Figure 6-16: I/O Cong Submenu

This menu provides conguration options for input and output routing, along with settings for AES Termination and Iso-Float as described in the following sections.

6.10.3.1 Input Router

MENU > I/O CONFIG > INPUT RTR

Figure 6-17: Input Router 1

The signal ow diagrams in chapter 5 highlight that there are eight Input Routers available on LM Series devices.

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In Contour Mode, the signal from the rst four Input Routers can be routed to the Module Input Mixers; in Mesa Mode, the signal from all eight Input Routers can be routed to the Module Input Mixers. In both conguration modes, the signal from all eight Input Routers can be passed directly to any output.

Each router has four priority levels allowing any input to be placed in a sequence providing automatic input signal fail over. AES3 and Dante inputs have priority over analog inputs.

Only one analog input is allowed in each router, and the analog input must be at the lowest priority level in relation to any other inputs.

Two modes of input selection are available, Auto Select and Forced Selection. The selected setting is also visible from the I/O STATUS screen on the front panel, and via the Lake Controller.

In Auto Select mode, Priority 1 is checked for a valid input signal; if no signal is found, Priority 2 is checked, and so on until a valid signal is located; this process occurs if the currently selected input fails. In Forced Selection mode, one of the four priorities is xed regardless of whether a valid signal is present.

With a router selected on the front panel, press the middle button on the left of the LCD to activate this parameter for editing; the text will be highlighted as shown in Figure 6-17. Use the illuminated rotary encoder to scroll through the following options:

▸ Auto Select (default) ▸ Force Priority 1 ▸ Force Priority 2 ▸ Force Priority 3 ▸ Force Priority 4

Assignment of Input Priority

Factory default settings assign AES3 to Priority 1 and Analog to Priority 4, with Priority 2 and 3 empty.

To change these settings via the front panel, select Priority slot number to be changed and use the rotary encoder to scroll through the available options. Due to the signal hierarchy it is not possible to assign an analog source to a higher priority than a digital source. Dante inputs are not selectable from the front panel; their assignment must be made via the Lake Controller software.

Analog Input Sensitivity and Digital Gain Offset

While viewing the Input Router screen as shown in Figure 6-17, press PAGE to reveal existing input sensitivity for analog inputs, or digital gain offset for digital inputs. This is equivalent to the DISPLAY DETAILS option in the Lake Controller. Adjust a parameter by pressing the associated button, and then use the rotary encoder to change the value.

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The maximum input level accepted by the analog input pre-ampliers without clipping may be set to 12 dBu or 26 dBu. Digital gain offset may be applied to AES3 digital input signals in 0.1 dB increments from -100 dB to +15 dB.

6.10.3.2 AES3 Input Termination

MENU > I/O CONFIG > AES TERM

Figure 6-18: AES Termination Edit Screen

To adjust the AES3 Input Termination, select AES TERM from the I/O CONFIG menu then use the rotary encoder to toggle the value. A setting of ‘Terminated’ is also displayed on the I/O STATUS screen.

For fault-free operation when using AES3 digital audio as an input source, inputs must be correctly terminated with the characteristic impedance of 110 ohm. The Input Termination setting is determined by the method used to distribute the AES3 signals.

The processor at the end of a distribution line should be set to TERMINATED; all other processors should be set to UNTERMINATED. If an AES3 distribution amplier (DA) is being used to distribute the digital audio signals, with one DA output per processor, then all terminations should be on. However, if the AES3 is daisy-chained, only terminate the last processor in the chain.

6.10.3.3 Iso-Float

MENU > I/O CONFIG > ISO-FLOAT

Figure 6-19: Iso-Float Menu

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Front Panel Interface

To change the Iso-Float setting, press the Inputs or Outputs button, then adjust the value using the rotary encoder. The current settings are also displayed on the front panel I/O STATUS screen.

The analog inputs utilize Iso-Float transformerless electronic balancing circuitry. This provides electrical isolation from an analog source comparable to that achieved with transformer-based designs. However, pin 1 of the XLR input connector may be connected to ground within the device if desired. This option is selected by using the rotary encoder to toggle between FLOATING and GROUNDED.

It may be necessary to change this setting to resolve ground loop problems when using analog inputs.

6.10.3.4 Output Router

MENU > I/O CONFIG > OUTPUT RTR

Figure 6-20: Output Router Conguration Screen

The LM Series device provides comprehensive output routing via the front panel interface. The number of channels available for the audio source and destination varies depending on whether the device has been congured in Contour or Mesa mode.

Figure 6-20 shows the functions available along with numbers to identify the various features described below.

Press this button to toggle through the available audio sources

Press this button to move the cursor upwards

Press this button to move the cursor downwards

This section of the screen displays the selected audio source

This section of the screen displays the selected output destination type

This section of the screen displays the channels for the selected audio source

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Front Panel Interface

This section of the screen displays the output routing conguration

Press this button to scroll through the available output destination types

Press this button to move the cursor to the left

Press this button to move the cursor to the right

Use the rotary encoder to toggle the selected routing point ON or OFF

Use the above function keys to navigate to the required audio source and output destination, then move the cursor to a routing point and adjust using the rotary encoder.

▸ ‘X’ identies a connected routing point

▸ ‘O’ identies a currently unused and available routing point

▸ ‘-’ identies that routing is unavailable for this routing point, normally because another audio channel is

already routed to the output.

All three states are shown in inverse video when they are selected by the cursor.

6.10.4 Frame Submenu

MENU > FRAME

Figure 6-21: Frame Menu

The Frame Menu provides information and options relating to the device as a physical unit. It is referred to as a Frame for consistency with Lake Controller terminology.

6.10.4.1 Frame Info

MENU > FRAME > FRAME INFO

Frame Info provides information about the device settings and conguration. All data in this front panel menu is read-only; some parameters are xed, some can be changed only via the Lake Controller software.

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Front Panel Interface

Frame Label

The Frame Label as dened in the Lake Controller is displayed in this menu. It is also displayed at the top-left of the screen in Meter Mode, Home View.

Serial Number (Serial No.)

The printed serial number on the back panel of the device is also electronically embedded in the hardware, and therefore cannot be removed or altered if stolen.

Network

Pressing the NETWORK button displays a further screen containing network conguration information. All parameters are view-only on the front panel and are either not editable, or can only be adjusted via the Lake Controller.

A summary at the top right of the screen conrms whether a valid connection is present for both Ethernet ports, and whether the Lake Controller is online.

▸ IP Addr: Displays the Internet Protocol address for the selected unit and can only be changed via the

Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

▸ IP Mask: Displays the IP address subnet mask for the selected unit and can only be changed via the

Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

▸ MAC: Displays the unique Media Access Control Ethernet address for the processor. This value cannot

be changed.

▸ F.ID: Displays the Frame ID, a unique Lake product identier that cannot be changed.

6.10.4.2 Frame Reset and Conguration

MENU > FRAME > FRAME RST

Use this option to display a further menu with options to reset all parameters back to their original factory default values, or to recongure the Frame in a different mode (i.e. Contour or Mesa). See section 8.3 for a full list of the default factory reset parameter values.

Three types of reset are provided: Factory Reset, Contour Reset and Mesa Reset.

Factory Reset

A Factory Reset will reset all settings and parameters to the original factory-dened default values. This includes the deletion of any Frame Presets stored within the device, and the relevant Frame conguration for the device (LM 26 = Contour; LM 44 = Mesa). It also resets the IP Address and all network related settings; a hard power cycle is required to complete this reset.

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Front Panel Interface

Contour Reset

A Contour Reset will congure the Frame in Contour Loudspeaker Processor Mode (2-in, 6-out) and will reset all settings and parameters to the original factory-dened default values for that conguration. Frame Preset information and IP / Network conguration will be unaffected. A power cycle is not required to complete this type of reset.

Mesa Reset

A Mesa Reset will congure the Frame in Mesa System Processor Mode (4-in, 4-out) and will reset all settings and parameters to the original factory-dened default values for that conguration. Frame Preset information and IP / Network conguration will be unaffected. A power cycle is not required to complete this type of reset.

6.10.4.3 Latency Match

To turn Latency Match on or off, select the parameter using the adjacent button then change the status using the rotary encoder.

When Latency Match is ON the LM Series device adds delay to match the overall processing delay of legacy Lake Contour Pro 26 and Mesa Quad EQ products. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

6.10.4.4 GPIO

MENU > FRAME > GPIO

Figure 6-22: GPIO Menu

Four general purpose input/output conguration settings are available; two conguration options for inputs, and two for outputs.

GPI Conguration

To adjust GPI 1 or GPI 2, press the associated button to display a screen similar to that shown in Figure 6-23.

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Front Panel Interface

Table 6-3 lists the options available for General Purpose Input (GPI). These options can be set independently for a transition from closed > open and from open > closed.

Figure 6-23: GPI Conguration

Acting on Transition Option

1. No Action

Protective Mute State

Standby State

Preset Recall

2. Toggle State

3. Mute

4. Unmute

1. No Action

2. Toggle State

3. Standby

4. Turn On

1. No Action

2. Recall #99

3. Recall #100

No Action -

Table 6-3: GPI Options

A change to the ‘Acting on’ setting takes effect the next time the transition occurs. For example, changing a GPI closed to open transition when the selected GPI is currently open is not executed until the next transition to open.

A change in GPI open/closed state occurring when the device is disconnected from power will be acknowledged and executed when power is reconnected.

GPO Conguration

To adjust GPO 1 or GPO 2, press the associated button to display a screen similar to that shown in Figure 6-24

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Figure 6-24: GPO Conguration

Table 6-4 lists the options available for General Purpose Output (GPO).

Acting on State when Closed

Protective Mute State

Standby State

Fault

Ready

1. Muted

2. Unmuted

1. Standby

2. On

1. No Fault

2. Any Fault

1. Ready

2. Not Ready

Front Panel Interface

No Indication -

Table 6-4: GPO Options

Factory Reset and Soft Reset clear the protective mute state.

Two input options (GPI) and two output options (GPO) may be set at any one time. The default GPIO conguration is shown in Table 6-5. The current state (open/closed) is reported for all GPIO settings on the front panel and in the Lake Controller software.

GPIO # Default Option

GPI 1 No Action

GPI 2 No Action

GPO 1 Standby State

GPO 2 Fault

Table 6-5: Default GPIO Conguration

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Front Panel Interface

6.10.5 Front Panel Display Controls

MENU > FRAME > FRONT

Contrast

To adjust the front panel LCD contrast, select this option then use the rotary encoder to change the value.

Figure 6-25: Front Panel Display Controls Menu

Dimming

To adjust the front panel LCD & LED brightness, select this option then use the rotary encoder to change the value.

6.10.6 Frame Preset Menu

MENU > FRAME PRST

Figure 6-26: Frame Preset Menu

To recall an existing Frame Preset, use the rotary encoder to select the required Preset then press the RECALL button to overwrite the current conguration.

Frame Presets must initially be created in the Lake Controller, and stored as a Preset using the Lake Controller or the LM Series Preset Manager.

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Front Panel Interface

Up to 100 Frame Presets can be stored in the device. The data within a Frame Preset includes the conguration of all Modules in the Frame including levels, crossovers, EQ, input mixer, and output routing.

As Frame Presets are stored within the device, complete processor congurations can be recalled without connecting the device to a PC.

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Back Panel Interface

7. Back Panel Interface

An overview of the back panel interface is provided in section 4.2. This chapter describes each cluster of connections as shown in Figure 7-1.

Figure 7-1: Back Panel Interface (LM 26)

Figure 7-2: Back Panel Interface (LM 44)

7.1 Analog Inputs and Outputs

7.1.1 Analog Output XLR Connections

Six (LM 26) or four (LM 44) electronically-balanced analog outputs are provided via standard XLR3M connections.

OUTPUT 1 OUTPUT 2 OUTPUT 3 OUTPUT 4 OUTPUT 5 OUTPUT 6

Figure 7-3: Analog Output XLR Connections (LM 26)

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Back Panel Interface

7.1.2 Analog Input XLR Connections

Two (LM 26) or four (LM 44) electronically-balanced analog inputs are provided via latching XLR3F connections.

INPUT 1

INPUT 2

Figure 7-4: Analog Input XLR Connections (LM 26)

7.1.3 Analog XLR Wiring and Pin Out

All XLR connections are wired to IEC268 as shown in Figure 7-5.

Figure 7-5: IEC268 XLR Wiring and Pin Out

Pin 1: Ground / Shield Pin 2: Hot (+) Pin 3: Cold (-)

7.1.4 Unbalanced Operation

Balanced connections are recommended where possible. However, if it is necessary to drive the device from equipment with an unbalanced output, wire the inputs as shown in Figure 7-6.

HOT

COLD

SCRN

Unbalanced Output (Typically phono)

Figure 7-6: Balanced to Unbalanced Analog Wiring and Pin Out

HOT

COLD

SCRN

Balanced Input (XLR)

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Back Panel Interface

The method shown in Figure 7-6 uses twin-and-screen (balanced) cable and standard XLR pin connections at the LM Series device end, with the cold wire and the cable screen connected to the signal ground of the equipment at the source end.

This usually provides better noise and hum rejection than the more common method of joining pins 1 and 3 together in the XLR. However, if only a single-core (unbalanced) cable is available, the method shown in Figure 7-7 may be used.

Unbalanced Output (Typically phono)

HOT

SCRN

Balanced Input (XLR)

Figure 7-7: Unbalanced Analog Wiring and Pin Out

HOT

SCRN

7.1.5 Iso-Float Electronic Balancing

The analog input and output electronic balancing circuits use the Lake Iso-Float system.

The Iso-Float technology combines the benets of transformer-coupled isolation with the advantages of clean, direct-coupled inputs and outputs. The audio converters are galvanically isolated, and not connected to the main ground. High-quality transformers and opto-isolators create a barrier between the device and possible grounding aberrations from the outside electrical environment.

Iso-Float settings are adjustable via the front panel menu or the Lake Controller software.

7.2 AES3 Digital I/O

7.2.1 AES3 DB25 Connector

A DB25 connector following the Yamaha pin-out standard is provided for AES3 connectivity on the LM Series device.

Figure 7-8: AES3 DB25 Connector and Pinout Reference

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Back Panel Interface

This single DB25 connection provides four channels of AES3 input and eight channels of AES3 output as shown in Figure 7-5 on page 43 below. A detailed wiring reference is provided in Figure 7-9.

AES3 Inputs AES3 Outputs

AES1: Ch. 1 & 2 AES1: Ch. 1 & 2

AES2: Ch. 3 & 4 AES2: Ch. 3 & 4

AES3: Ch. 5 & 6* AES3: Ch. 5 & 6

AES4: Ch. 7 & 8* AES4: Ch. 7 & 8

*LM 44 Only

Table 7-1: DB25 Input and Outputs

Figure 7-9 below provides a wiring reference for the DB25 connector.

Ch. Ground Hot Cold

1/2 IN 10 1 14

3/4 IN 10 2 15

5/6 IN 12 3 16

7/8 IN 13 4 17

1/2 OUT 22 5 18

3/4 OUT 23 6 19

5/6 OUT 24 7 20

7/8 OUT 25 8 21

Figure 7-9: DB25 Wiring Reference

Figure 7-5 on page 43 shows the only possible method of wiring; there is no equivalent of an unbalanced connection in the digital domain.

7.3 RJ45 etherCON Network Connections

Two RJ45 etherCON style network connections are provided as shown in Figure 7-10.

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Back Panel Interface

The switched 100/100 Base-T network connections auto-sense whether standard or crossover Cat-5e cables are in use. The green ACT LED illuminates (ashes) to show network activity, and when a 100 Mbps connection is present; the orange LED illuminates (static) to indicate a 1000 Mbps connection.

Pre-made cables with moulded RJ45 plugs are recommended. If it is necessary to make up custom Cat-5e network cables, use pinout described in Table 7-2.

Figure 7-10: etherCON Network Connectors

Pin No. Color

1 Brown

2 Brown + White

3 Green

4 Blue + White

5 Blue

6 Green + White

7 Orange

8 Orange + White

Table 7-2: RJ45 Wiring & Pin Out Description

Figure 7-11: RJ45 Wiring and Pin Out Diagram

When the device is connected to an active network, the yellow LINK LED illuminates above the connector in use. Data activity on the network is indicated by illumination of the green ACT LED. It is normal for the ACT LED to icker either sporadically or continuously.

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Back Panel Interface

7.3.1 Primary Network Connection

The Primary Network connection is used for Lake Controller connectivity and Dante digital audio. Please refer to section 4.2 for additional information.

7.3.2 Secondary Network Connection

The Secondary Network connection may be used for a redundant Dante digital audio network. Please refer to section 4.2 for additional information.

7.4 GPIO Connection

7.4.1 9-Pin GPIO Connector

A General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) connection is provided, allowing interface to external devices such as re alarm systems for emergency muting, processor power control, or preset recall. The GPO function allows fault and state monitoring via external systems. Figure 7-12 in conjunction with Table 7-3 describes the pinout conguration for the GPIO connector.

Figure 7-12: 9-Pin GPIO Connector and Pinout Reference

Pin No. Description

1 GPI 1a

2 GPI 1b

3 GPI 2a

4 GPI 2b

5 Chassis Ground

6 GPO 1a

7 GPO 1b

8 GPO 2a

9 GPO 2b

Table 7-3: GPIO Pinout Wiring Reference

GPIO conguration is available via the front panel interface or via the Lake Controller software. Please refer to section 6.10.4.4 of this manual for additional information on adjustment via the front panel, and refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for information on adjusting via software interface.

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Back Panel Interface

7.5 Universal Power Supply Connection

7.5.1 IEC Power Connector

A universal power supply capable of accepting 70-265 V ~ 50-60 Hz : 25 W is built into the device. The IEC power cable provided includes a locking feature via a pin on the bottom of the connector; the connector can accept standard or locking IEC power cables.

The power supply must be connected to AC mains using an IEC power cable with a correctly wired and molded plug for the country of operation.

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Appendix

8. Appendix

8.1 Faults and Warnings Overview

Fault or warning conditions are indicated by the LED shown in Figure 6-3 on page 18. As the LED indicates several types of faults or warnings, a brief textual description of the fault or warning is provided on the LCD display. Section on page 21 details the fault and warning indications that appear on the front panel. Table 8-1 lists the events that may have triggered each fault or warning condition.

LCD Text Event Log Text Type Description / Troubleshooting

ANALOG IN FAULT

CLOCK SLIPPING

CTRL OFFLINE - Warning

FAN FAULT

IN RTR MUTE

NO INPUT No Input Source Fault

OVERTEMP

PROTECTIVE MUTE

PSU FAULT

TEMP WARNING

- Frame Ofine Warning

Frame Fault: Analog Input

AES Clock Slipping

Frame Fault: Fan error

Input Router X Mute

Temp Fault: DSP area

Protective mute via GPIO

Frame Fault: PSU

Temp Warning: DSP area

Module Input Mute

Module Output Mute

Sound Source Changed

Fault

Warning

Fault

Mute

Fault

Event

Fault

Warning

Mute

Warning

There is a problem with the analog input. Verify signal and connections.

The selected digital clock and digital input combination is not aligned. Verify digital input conguration to ensure all clock settings match.

The device is no longer able to communicate with the Lake Controller. Check network connectivity.

There is a problem with the fan on the device. To avoid overheating, identify and x the problem immediately.

An input router is muted; all Modules and outputs sourced from this input router will be affected.

No input signal can be identied for any valid unmuted input router. Connect an input source, or verify input signals and connections.

The temperature has reached a critical 70 off or take steps to cool the unit immediately; continued operation cannot be guaranteed.

A processor mute state has been triggered via GPIO. Change this setting using the external control device.

There is a problem with the power supply for the Analog inputs. Analog inputs will not be available. Send the device for service.

The temperature has reached 55 ture and take additional steps to reduce temperature if it continues to increase.

The Lake Controller is no longer able to communicate with the device. Check network connectivity.

A Module Input has been muted. The mute is identied via the associated Module Input mute button on the front panel.

A Module Output has been muted. The mute is identied via the associated Module Output mute button on the front panel.

The input source has been changed either manually or by automatic input priority detection.

C (131oF). Monitor the tempera-

C (158oF). Turn the unit

Table 8-1: Warning, Fault and Mute Indications (alphabetical by LCD Text / Event Log Text)

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Appendix

8.2 Maintenance

During normal operation this devices provides trouble-free service. If the LCD or front panel display requires cleaning, use a soft cloth only; do not use solvent cleaners. The dust lter on the right-hand side air intake should occasionally be removed and cleaned to ensure maximum airow through the device.

In extreme cases it may be necessary to clean the inside of the device. This procedure should only be carried out by qualied service personnel. This may be necessary if the device has had prolonged operation in an extreme environment such as one where cracked oil smoke machines are in use. If the device is used in extreme conditions, it is recommended to have it serviced every three years as a preventative measure.

Disconnect the unit from mains power prior to removing dust the lter, and ensure the dust lter is replace prior to turning the unit back on.

Do not use sharp or metal objects to remove the dust lter, and be careful that the implement used to remove the lter does not enter the device.

8.3 Factory Default Settings

8.3.1 Module Defaults

Module Type: 2 x Classic 3-Way (LM 26) or 4 x Mesa EQ (LM 44) Mod Input Mute: On (LM 26) - N/A (LM 44) Mod Output Mutes: Off (LM 26) - On (LM 44) Gain: 0 dB (unity) Delay: 0 ms Polarity: Positive (In phase) MaxRMS: 20 dB MaxPeak: 21 dB Input & Output EQ: Flat

8.3.2 Input and Router Defaults

Autoselect: On Input sensitivity: +26 dBu Dante: Disabled AES3: Terminated Iso-Float: Enabled

8.3.2.1 Router Defaults (LM 26)

Router 1: AES1 (Ch.1) as Priority 1, Analog 1 as Priority 4 Router 2: AES1 (Ch.2) as Priority 1, Analog 2 as Priority 4 Router 3: AES2 (Ch.3) as Priority 1 Router 4: AES2 (Ch.4) as Priority 1

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Router 5: Unassigned Router 6: Unassigned Router 7: Unassigned Router 8: Unassigned

8.3.2.2 Router Defaults (LM 44)

Router 1: AES1 (Ch.1) as Priority 1, Analog 1 as Priority 4 Router 2: AES1 (Ch.2) as Priority 1, Analog 2 as Priority 4 Router 3: AES2 (Ch.3) as Priority 1, Analog 3 as Priority 4 Router 4: AES2 (Ch.4) as Priority 1, Analog 4 as Priority 4 Router 5: AES3 (Ch.5) as Priority 1, Analog unassigned Router 6: AES3 (Ch.6) as Priority 1, Analog unassigned Router 7: AES4 (Ch.7) as Priority 1, Analog unassigned Router 8: AES4 (Ch.8) as Priority 1, Analog unassigned

Table 8-2:

Appendix

8.4 Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations

The explanations given in Table 8-3 below are based on the specic use of each term in this manual. The denitions are not intended to be exhaustive and many of these terms have wider meanings.

Term Description

100/1000 Base-T

Access Point

Auto-Sensing

Auto- Uplink

Auxiliary Output

Backbone

Bandwidth

Cat-5e/Cat- 6, etc.

Chain

Clock

Contour

Crossed Network Cable

Dante

dBu

100/1000 B ase-T is IT indu stry -spe ak for dif ferent st andard s of Ethern et network. This term inco rpora tes 100 Ba se-T X, which ope rates at 100 Mb ps, and 10 00 Ba se-T which oper ates at 100 0 Mbps (1 Gbps).

See Wireless Ac cess Point.

The Ethernet por ts automatica lly deter mine the b ase spee d of the net work they a re connected to (10 Base -T or 100 Base-T ) and congure themse lves app ropria tely. This is termed au to- sensing.

The Ethernet por ts can o perate w ith eithe r straig ht or cross ed netw ork cab les. This abilit y to connect cor rectly w ith either typ e is termed au to- uplink ing.

Some of the conguration s possible in the L ake proce ssing system Mod ules resul t in a singl e audio pro cessing channel being created in additi on to a cross over. This is termed an Au xiliar y outp ut.

Large Et hernet networks are often implemented with a ve ry high speed “tr unk” pa rt of the network to polo gy feedi ng main sw itches, which in tu rn supp ort smaller, lower- spee d local n etwork s. The ter m backbone is used to describe suc h a trunk.

The ban dwidt h of a signal c hannel o r intercon nectio n is the ran ge of frequ encies i t is able to handle. T he term ca n be appl ied to both audio ch annels an d Ethernet networ ks.

Design ations of i ndustr y- stand ard cables suita ble for Eth ernet net works using four t wisted p airs of co nducto rs. Of ten referre d to as UTP cable ( Unscreened Twisted P air). Ca t-5 has generally bee n replac ed by Cat -5e ( e = ‘enhance d’). Either Cat -5e or Cat- 6 cable are suitable for netwo rking L ake and La b.gruppen dev ices.

An Ether net netw ork comp rising s everal dev ices inte rconnected usin g the Sec ondar y conne ctors to d aisy- chai n the units together i s an example of a networ k with a cha in topol ogy.

Digita l audio is p roduce d by samp ling anal og audi o at a known , xed rate, c ontroll ed by some form of master clock . Probl ems can o ccur when interconnec ting tw o pieces of digita l audio eq uipment if their inte rnal ma ster cloc ks are not sy nchroni zed. Various techniques may be emplo yed to ensure t hat this is t he case.

Terminolo gy given to a Frame or M odule th at denote s it is con gured as a L oudsp eaker Pro cessor, no rmaly fe aturing c rossove rs and multipl e outputs fed from th e same inp ut.

An Ether net cable in which four of the ei ght cond uctors ( pins 1, 2, 5 & 6) are not wired p in-to -pin. Such a ca ble is req uired in co nvention al IT netw orks to con nect two PCs to gether without using a hub or s witch. T he auto -up link featu re of the Ethernet por ts allo ws crosse d cables to be used if w ished. See also Straight n etwork c able.

A new- gener ation aud io data p rotocol d evelop ed by Audi nate® Pty Ltd, allowing multi channel high- resolution di gital au dio plus c ontrol data to be transmit ted via s tandard IT-industr y networks usin g TCP/I P data p ackets. T he Lake processi ng system integrate d within th e LM Seri es devic e includ es a dual -red undant D ante network inter face, p rovidin g digit al audio in puts and output s via Ethernet.

dBu’s are usually used instead of voltages to descr ibe signal levels i n audio systems. A signal level o f 0 dBu may be taken as 0,7 75 Vrms.

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Appendix

Term Description

Delay

Digital Gain Offset

Distribution Amplier

Dual- Network Topology

Dynamic Function

Buttons

Electronic Balancing

Event Log

Fault

FIR Filter

Floating

Frame

Frame ID

Frame Preset

Gigabit Ethernet

GPIO

Hub

Input Level

Input Router

IP Address

IP Subnet Mask

Iso- Float

Lake Controller

Latency

Legacy Lake Device

LimiterMax

Line Driver

Linear Phase Crossover

MAC Address

MaxPeak

Up to two se conds of d elay may b e added to the input a nd/or o utput c hannels to t ime- alig n loudspeaker arrays.

Digita l gain of fset is effectively a ‘ne’ g ain adjustment pe rform ed in the di gital domain, w hich can b e appli ed to digit al input signals to optimize t he signal to the gain s tructu re.

A distribution amplier (usuall y abbrev iated to DA ) is an aud io buffe r stage – u sually w ith zero gain – with one input and s everal ou tputs. Mono, ste reo and A ES3 digital ver sions can be obta ined. Us e of a DA to feed a si gnal to seve ral dest inations ensures c orrect i mpeda nce matching and isol ation bet ween so urce and destinat ions.

A networ k topolo gy consisting of t wo (usually) id entica l networ ks, one co nnecti ng to the Pr imary Ethernet ports and the other to the Secon dary p orts . Altho ugh more c omplex to i mpleme nt, the ad vantag e of using a du al- netwo rk system i s one of grea tly improved reliability as o ne compl ete netwo rk remains operational if the other sh ould fai l.

The six bu ttons ar ound the fr ont panel d isplay are termed d ynami c functi on buttons because their function varies d epend ing upo n which display page is cu rrently o n- screen.

In the anal og domain, balanced in puts and o utputs may be prov ided on au dio equ ipment ei ther by the u se of trans former s (tradi tional , very go od, but heavy a nd expensive) or vi a electronic bal ancing c ircuits (nearly as good , withou t full ele ctric al isola tion, bu t a great de al cheape r).

The details of any fau lt or warn ing cond itions w hich ari se in the dev ice dur ing oper ation are re corde d in a data  le create d by the Lake Control ler sof tware c alled the Event Log .

A Fault in th e device o ccurs w hen one of th e operat ing parameters exceeds pre -d etermin ed safet y levels, o r when a con dition i s detected that otherwise s erious ly affec ts the pe rform ance. S ome fault c onditions may result in one o r all of the ch annels being muted.

Finite Impuse Resp onse Fil ter. An alter native d esign of cr ossover  lter reali sable in the digital doma in, provi ding lin ear phas e charac teristi cs. FIR  ltering is provid ed in all L ake devices.

An analog balanced inp ut or outp ut is said to be oating when fu ll elect rical i solati on exists b etween that inpu t or output and the equip ment conn ected to it . Transforme r-co upled in puts and output s are inhere ntly oating. El ectronically b alanc ed input s and outp uts can never be truly oating, th ough bet ter desi gns – such a s that found in LM Ser ies devices - do mimic the char acteri stics of t ransfor mercouple d designs to a high de gree.

Lake term inolog y for a physi cal unit containing a Lake p rocess ing system (i.e. a single LM or P LM Series devic e, or leg acy Lake Proces sor).

An elec tronic id enti cation ‘ label ’ which c an be give n to each Fr ame in an amp lic ation system. Naming Fram es in a larg e system is desirable as it sim plie s identi cati on in the L ake Contro ller.

Frame Pre sets are a cl ass of Pre sets with in the La ke processing syste m. Up to 100 c an be stored in the hardware device, and each hol ds the comp lete con gurati on of all Mo dules an d the Mod ules’ inter nal set tings.

Descri bes the speed of Eth ernet data trans fer for devi ces that transmit Ethernet frames at a ra te of a gigabit per se cond, as dened b y the IEEE 8 02. 3-2 00 8 stand ard.

The General Pur pose In put/ Outp ut (GPI O) por t on a LM Se ries dev ice allow s two -way c ommunic ation w ith exter nal devi ces for ce rtain functions.

A type of n etwor k interfa ce device with multiple Et hernet p orts . Data arriving a t any por t is sent to all others. Hubs have be en large ly replac ed by Switc hes.

The amplitude of a n audio sig nal at the p oint whe re it is app lied to the in put of the d evice, or at the inpu t of an interm ediate st age wit hin it. An an alog inp ut signa l level will b e expres sed in dBu’s, while a digital input sign al level in dBfS (dBs below dig ital clip level; fS = full- scal e)

The Input Router a llows auto matic or m anual se lectio n of any devi ce input to b e alloc ated to a Mo dule Inp ut or direc tly to any ou tput. The Input Router i s effect ively an in telligent digital patch bay & automate d switch t hat can se amlessly failover to up to four levels of inputs in the event of di gital si gnal los s. The output fro m the router is the inpu t signal f rom a valid input wit h the highe st priority.

Every item of equip ment con nected to a n Etherne t networ k has a uniq ue address calle d the IP ad dress, so that dat a gets to the c orrect place. I P addres ses are wr itten as fo ur group s of three de cimal numbers be tween 0 an d 255. I n a system consisting of Lake Process ors and a Lake C ontroll er they are as signed and detec ted automatically.

IP subnet m asks are required in al l IP networks. The subnet is d etermin ed by the size a nd typ e of netwo rk being used. Fo r small networ ks (less t han 25 4 addres ses) a subn et mask of 25 5.2 55. 255. 0 can be us ed. (A C lass C net work ).

Iso- Float is Lake’s propr ietar y method o f electronic bal ancing , which provides a p articularl y high level of isolat ion and immunity f rom ground lo ops.

The Lake Control ler is the so ftwa re appli cation u sed to cont rol LM and P LM Ser ies devi ces and le gacy L ake proce ssors. This sof tware applic ation provides a dditio nal func tional ity and a llows various gro uping fu nction s for simultaneou s control o f multiple Lake Pro cessingenable d device s.

The smal l but nite d elay inc urred by au dio signals when they are tra nsforme d into the digital do main, pr ocesse d digit ally and t hen conver ted back i nto analo g signals. In the L ake system, latency i s assured to b e const ant.

This term refers to old er Lake au dio equi pment which may for m part of a n audio sy stem (i.e. L ake Contour Pro 26 , Lake Me sa Quad EQ and the Do lby Lake P rocess or). The L ake Cont roller has the cap abilit y to control all La ke legac y produc ts.

Limiter Max is th e name given to Lake’s pro prieta ry pac kage of d ynamic s control which for ms par t of the Lake P roces sing syste m.

An analog audio a mpli er, usually w ith zero ga in, having very l ow outpu t imped ance and high drive capab ility. Th ey are used fo r transmi tting b alance d analo g audio ove r very lo ng cabl es.

See FIR Filters

In addit ion to an IP address, every de vice on an Ethernet n etwork h as a MAC a ddress . This address is xed at the tim e of manufa cture, and is effe ctivel y the permanent id entier of the phys ical uni t. MAC stands for M edia Access C ontrol

Lake’s Limi terMax provide s independent d ynamic s contro l over signal peaks ( MaxPe ak) and t he averag e signal l evel (Ma xRMS).

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Term Description

MaxRMS

Mesa or Mesa EQ

Mesa EQ Filter

Module

Module Preset

Ofine

Online

Parallel

Parameter

Pass-Through Cable

Ping

Preset

Primary Ethernet Port

PSU

RJ45

Router

Secondary Ethernet

Port

Star Topology

Straight Network Cable

Subsystem

Super Module

Switch (Ethernet)

System Preset

Tablet PC

Termination

Topology

Universal Power Supply

Vrms

See Max Peak.

Terminolo gy given to a Frame or M odule th at denote s it is con gured as a S ystem EQ Processor, providin g HPF/ LPF, EQ & Levels functionalit y (no cros sovers). O ften co ngure d with a sin gle inpu t to single o utput routing.

The name given to the u nique L ake EQ lter w ith a vari able wi dth at to p and vari able slo pes on ea ch side of t he lter.

Module is the term used in the L ake Contr oller to de scribe the vir tual set of signal pro cessin g that rou tes an audi o input to the various frequen cy- weighted o utputs of a crossov er. The proc essing system within the dev ice allow s for two M odules , each of which may b e assigned a range of crossove r cong uratio ns, input sources , etc.

A class of P reset wit hin the Lake proces sing system. A Mod ule Prese t (Module le) contains a ll the con gurat ion data and sett ings for one Module, and is s aved in the L ake Cont roller so ftwa re, not in the h ardware d evice.

A device o n an Ethern et netwo rk which i s not commu nicati ng with th e rest of the ne twork either due to a fault or inte ntionally is sai d to be ofi ne.

A device o n an Ethern et netwo rk which i s fully op eratio nal and co mmunic ating wi th the rest of t he netwo rk is said to be online .

Two or more e.g. in puts which are wire d together so that al l inputs a re connec ted to the same sourc e are said to b e parall eled. Signal levels wil l be reduc ed if too ma ny inputs are paralleled; in t he case of A ES3 , this may re sult in a com plete los s of audio .

Any cont rol funct ion whic h can be adjusted by the user to on e of several d iffere nt values is termed a parameter. Fo r example , input level, gain, de lay, and limiter thresho ld are all p arameters.

See Stra ight net work cable.

Ping is a ter m coined by the IT in dustr y to the proc edure of se nding a command over a netwo rk to a par ticular Ethernet device asking it to conr m its identity an d possib ly repl y with add itiona l informa tion. T hus an Lake d evice on t he netwo rk can be p inged from the La ke Control ler; on re ceipt of th e ‘ping’, the hi -inten sity white LED on t he front pa nel illum inates. R everse pinging is al so possible, whereby the ping is i nstiga ted from L ake hardware devic e and a visu al identi cation of the processo r registe rs in the L ake Contro ller sof tware.

A comple te frame co nguration tha t is stored in the devic e hardware.

The Pri mary Et hernet p ort on the is the means of connecting t he devic e to a networ k. See al so Seco ndar y Ethern et Port .

Abbrev iation o f Power Sup ply Unit. The PSU in any item of electronic equi pment co nverts the AC main s into a set of internal DC vo ltage s which ru n the elec tronic as sembli es themse lves.

RJ4 5 connections are the industry -sta ndard co nnecto rs for Ether net por ts.

As far as networks o f the type discu ssed in this manual a re conce rned, s ee Switch . For a des cripti on of the term Input Ro uter used o n Lake devi ces, see Input Ro uter.

The Sec ondar y Ether net por t can be used eithe r as a daisy -c hain out put, rep eating t he netwo rk conne ction at t he Prim ary po rt, or fo r the connec tion of a separate se cond net work for full redun dancy.

A networ k topolo gy whic h uses a net work switch to conn ect to ind ividual Lake dev ices. E ach devi ce conne cts to one p ort on t he switch with its ow n cabl e, thus the n etwork l ooks like a st ar when d rawn as a di agram with the swi tch at the ce ntre.

A Cat- 5/6 networ k cable w ith full pin-to -pin connect ions is called a str aight net work c able. L ake devic es can co nnect to a network us ing either st raight or crossed n etwork cable s.

It is poss ible whe n workin g with lar ge networked syste ms to store se lected c omponents of the sy stem into a Su bsystem . This is us eful if workin g on a tour th at encom passes b oth larg e and mid -size d venues. T he same c ore Lake C ontroll er data c an then be used for a reduce d number of L ake devi ces.

A Super M odule is a v irtual constr uct tha t can be rea lized wit hin the Lake Contro ller, allowing a set of Mo dules in d ifferen t Frames to b e treated as a s ingle Module.

An Ether net switc h allows several Ethe rnet devices to be connecte d to a netwo rk using a st ar topo logy. More intelligent than the earlier hubs whic h they now largely re place, t hey route p ackets of da ta only to t he units fo r which they are intend ed, and also per form othe r system housekeepi ng and control func tions.

A class of P reset wit hin the Lake Processing sys tem, Syste m Presets allow Mo dule or Frame con gurati ons and set tings to be stored fo r the entire network of LM and PL M Serie s device s and leg acy Lake process ors.

A compact PC whi ch uses a tou chscre en instea d of keyboa rd and mouse. The L ake Controller has been opt imized for use on Tablet PC s.

AES3 digita l audio inte rconnections must be cor rectly terminated for relia ble ope ration . The 110 ohm termin ations mu st be set ‘on’ at the beginning and end o f a set of dais y-c hained d igita l audio eq uipment , and ‘off ’ at any intermedia te ones.

A mathematical wo rd for “arran gement” o r “congur ation”. The topo logy of a network i s a means of visualizi ng the overall con gurati on of the network.

A power sup ply that operate s in all countries, w ithout t he need for m anual ad justme nt, as lon g as the voltage fal ls within t he specied range for t he devic e.

The RM S voltag e of a signal. See RM S.

Appendix

Wireless Access Point

Wireless Network

A device used to conn ect a com puter to an Et hernet network w ithout c ables; a r adio tra nsmitte r/recei ver for dat a.

An Ether net netw ork where s ome or all c abled connec tions are re place d by wirele ss links.

Table 8-3: Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Application Guide

9. Application Guide

This chapter describes the practical application and use of LM Series devices.

9.1 Gain Structure

The LM Series architecture provides gain adjustments at various points in the signal path and therefore, various places for muting and level adjustment. Each mute or gain adjustment point serves a different purpose. The signal ow diagrams in chapter 5 provides a useful reference for the signal path. The following sections describe the various adjustment points, all of which are available via the Lake Controller software.

9.1.1 Input Headroom (Analog Inputs Only)

This parameter should be set relevant to the output level of the analog audio source (e.g. mixing console). This setting does not affect the other gain stages, or the overall noise oor; it allows control of the appropriate headroom at the input stage only.

To adjust, navigate to I/O CONFIG > INPUT CONFIGURATION in the Lake Controller. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

9.1.2 Input Mixer

Input Mixer gains can remain at 0.00 dB for most congurations; if only one input channel is used per Module, the other can be set to -INF.

To adjust, navigate to I/O CONFIG and tap the Input Mixer blocks for the Module in the Lake Controller. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

9.1.3 Module Input Gain

Input Gain is used to adjust the level between different speaker cabinets in the system. This gain can remain at 0.00 dB unless a lower level is required for the cabinet/s driven by this Module.

To adjust, navigate to MODULES > EQ/LEVELS > LEVELS in the Lake Controller. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

9.1.4 Module Output Gain

Factory and User Gain are provided for each Module output. These two stages provide a level of security and control for the system designer (Factory) and a further level of adjustment for the user (User), both of which combine to balance the level between frequency bands in a multi-way crossover (Contour conguration) or the Module output level (Mesa conguration).

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Application Guide

1. Factory Gain is set by the system designer and can be hidden within the Module le. The Factory Gain parameter is only accessible when the Module is unlocked and the Lake Controller is in Designer Mode. Adjust via MODULES > LEVELS > METER OPTIONS > ADJUST FACTORY.

2. User Gain is editable by a user unless the system designer has locked away the parameter; adjust via MODULES > LEVELS.

Generally, output gain values are congured within a Module / loudspeaker preset le and should not need to be adjusted further.

9.2 Gain / Level Optimization

9.2.1 Maximize Volume Capability

To maximize the volume capability of the device, ensure there is sufcient headroom in the signal path to avoid clipping before the limiters engage. It must be possible to achieve enough gain through the device to engage the limiters and realize a high average SPL. As an optimal setting, allow for a headroom of 10 dB or more for all channels; the simplest way to accomplish this is to increase the Module input gain.

9.2.2 Minimize Noise

To help provide the best volume to noise ratio, use an AES or Dante digital input signal wherever possible. If using analog inputs, ensure that unused or unnecessarily high headroom is not introduced at the input to the device. If full or high average power is not required, the Module input gain may be reduced.

9.3 Digital Audio Connections

Whenever possible, it is preferable to connect a digital rather that analog input signal to the device. This is particularly relevant if the source signal is already in the digital domain, such as the source from a digital mixing console or digital distribution system. The primary cause of signal distortion and signal delay (latency) is the digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion process. Therefore, using digital inputs normally provides higher quality audio with lower latency.

Two types of digital audio inputs are available: Dante networked multi-channel digital audio, and 2-channel digital audio via the AES3. Dante-based system congurations and interconnections are explained in a separate document, the Lake Network Conguration Guide.

The information in this section is supplied for users unfamiliar with AES3. Users already familiar with AES3 will nd that the device conforms to established conventions.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Application Guide

9.3.1 AES3 Digital Audio

The original AES/EBU digital audio interface standard was developed by the Audio Engineering Society in conjunction with the European Broadcast Union. Originally published in 1985, it was revised in 1992 and 2003, and in its current iteration it is properly designated the AES3 standard.

AES3 is a serial transmission format for linearly represented (uncompressed) digital audio data. It describes a method for carrying two channels of periodically sampled and uniformly quantized audio signals on a single twisted-pair cable.

The data format allows for auxiliary data which can be used for information on signal characteristics as well as the sampled audio data. The physical interconnection, as dened by IEC 60958 Type I, species three-conductor 110-ohm twisted pair cabling terminated by an XLR connector. Please refer to section 7.2 for wiring details.

AES3 provides for multiple sampling rates and resolutions of up to 24 bits; this device accepts sample rates from 44.1 to 192 kHz.

9.3.2 System Latency and Delay Compensation

All types of digital audio processing inherently involves a small processing delay referred to as latency. If the processing chain does not involve analog-to-digital or digital-to-analog conversion, the amount of latency is usually very small and often may be disregarded.

However, in complex systems involving multiple digital audio components and connections, enough delay may be generated to cause audio phasing problems. Therefore, the lowest latency is always preferred, and it is always important to consider system latency delays when calculating and adjusting overall delay for time-aligning multiple loudspeaker systems.

9.3.3 External Signal Distribution Hardware

9.3.3.1 Distribution Ampliers

Dedicated distribution ampliers for AES3 signals are available from several manufacturers. The most common format is one input and six outputs. Digital distribution ampliers are designed to refresh or reconstruct the signal as well making up for line losses.

One type of distribution amplier is a simple repeater, which restores the waveform shape and brings the signal amplitude back up the required level. Some distribution ampliers also offer a re-clocking feature, which also re-times the signal to prevent signal degradation from clocking errors known as jitter.

Distribution ampliers that offer re-clocking often make the feature optional as using re-clocking can introduce small additional amounts of latency, so should not be used unless necessary.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Application Guide

9.3.3.2 Passive splitters

In some limited applications, a single AES3 input may be split into two signals using a simple passive splitter. Splitters provide a convenient and low cost solution when only one additional signal is required, and in situations where cable lengths are short. Attenuation is minimal, but there is no refreshing of the signal.

9.3.4 Additional Reference Material

Complete technical information on the AES/EBU (AES3) standard can be downloaded from the AES web site at http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/.

9.4 Digital Clock Conguration

9.4.1 Digital Clock Overview

In order to provide a exible and robust audio processing system, the device is equipped with a congurable digital clocking system. There are two separate digital clocks which can generate various independent internal sample rates, or can sync to an incoming AES3 signal. Figure 9-1 shows the various sample rates and options available.

Figure 9-1: Digital Clocking System

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Application Guide

In Figure 9-1, each circled C represents a choice point. A choice point is a user‐interface control that can be congured using the Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

Figure 9-1 indicates internally generated clocks with base-rate multiples of 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz. This should not be confused with the internal DSP sample rate of 96 kHz.

Both the Primary and Sample Rate Converter (SRC) clocks can either generate their own internal clock signal, or synchronize to an incoming AES3 signal. An incoming AES3 signal can be locked using automatic clock detection or manual clock selection.

The Primary and SRC clocks produce multiple audio clocks derived from a base sample rate. The Primary Clock’s base rate is 48 kHz, which also derives the 96 and 192 kHz clocks. The SRC Clock’s base rate can be either 44.1 or 48 kHz. If the SRC Clock’s base rate is 44.1 kHz, then 88.2 and 176.4 kHz clocks are also derived; if the SRC Clock’s base rate is 48 kHz, then 96 and 192 kHz clocks are also derived.

In most typical applications, SRC Clock will be set at a base rate of 44.1 kHz. A base rate of 48 kHz is provided to allow for both synchronous (via Primary Clock) and asynchronous (via SRC Clock) I/O.

All clocks derived from the Primary and SRC clocks are available to drive the AES3 audio outputs. The desired sample rate can be selected independently for each AES3 output pair, as shown on the right side of Figure 9-1.

For example, you could congure AES1, AES2, and AES3 to provide 96 kHz AES3 outputs to drive digital ampliers in the sound system, and congure AES4 to provide a 44.1 kHz audio recording output for media or broadcast purposes.

9.4.2 Clock Source Priorities

There are two options for clock source conguration: Manual Conguration or Automatic Detection.

For Manual Conguration, the selected internal or external clock source remains xed regardless of whether a compatible clock signal is preset.

For Automatic Detection, the most appropriate clock matching the selected base-rate is automatically selected according to the following priorities.

1. AES1 (Input 1+2)

2. AES2 (Input 3+4)

3. AES3 (Input 5+6) - LM 44 Only

4. AES4 (Input 7+8) - LM 44 Only

5. Internal Clock

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Application Guide

When using automatic detection, the AES3 digital input is monitored and will switch the clock source back and forth depending on the availability of an AES3 signal.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for additional information.

9.4.3 Dante Clock Conguration

Dante uses its own digital clocking technology across the Ethernet network to ensure that all Dante devices are synchronized. As part of this logic, an order of priority is dened to identify which device becomes the Dante Master. A Dante-capable device with a valid BNC Word Clock is chosen as the highest priority, followed by a device with a valid AES3 signal, then SPDIF, then an internally generated clock.

Dante only operates at 48 kHz or 96 kHz, and therefore only uses the Primary Digital Clock to lock the sample rate for the Dante Master. The Primary Clock on all Dante Slaves will be overridden by the Dante Clock. If an additional digital input signal is required on a device that is already a Dante slave, this secondary digital input must be locked using the SRC clock.

The front panel I/O Status View indicates if that device is selected as Dante Clock Master. Conrmation of Dante Master / Slave status is also displayed in the Lake Controller.

For further information on Digital Clock conguration and the Lake Controller user interface, please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

9.4.4 Signal Processing Latency

The information in Table 9-1 lists the total latency for common input-output congurations when the audio passes through the Module processing. Table 9-2 on page 60 shows the latency when congured as passthru (no Module processing).

Input

Conguration

Analog Analog 1.039 1.049

Analog 48 kHz sync 1.185 1.185

Analog 96 kHz sync 0.971 0.971

48 kHz sync Analog 1.208 1.219

48 kHz sync 48 kHz sync 1.358 1.358

96 kHz sync Analog 0.951 0.962

96 kHz sync 96 kHz sync 0.871 0.871

Output

Conguration

LM 26

Total Latency (ms)

LM 44

Total Latency (ms)

Table 9-1: Latency for Common I/O Congurations (via Module)

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Application Guide

Input

Conguration

Analog Analog 0.226 0236

Analog 48 kHz sync 0.373 0.373

Analog 96 kHz sync 0.158 0.158

48 kHz sync Analog 0.395 0.406

48 kHz sync 48 kHz sync 0.545 0.545

96 kHz sync Analog 0.138 0.150

96 kHz sync 96 kHz sync 0.059 0.059

Table 9-2: Latency for Common I/O Congurations (Pass-thru)

Output

Conguration

LM 26

Total Latency (ms)

LM 44

Total Latency (ms)

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

LM 26 Technical Specications

10. LM 26 Technical Specications

2-in /6- out or 4-i n/4 -out digita l audio proce ssor

2 Contou r Module s or 4 M esa Mo dules Raised C osine M esa and I deal Grap hic input equalizer s Linear phase and classic crossovers and output EQ LimiterM ax pea k and R MS limite r Delay, mute, ph ase, gain

Audio Per formance

Internal sam ple rate 96 kHz A/D an d D/A conversio n resolutio n 24 bit Internal data p ath 32 bit floati ng point Product prop agation delay, best c ase (96 kHz A ES to 96 k Hz AES) 0.871 ms Product prop agation delay, anal og (Analo g in to Analog o ut) 1.039 ms Maximu m available del ay 2 seconds

Analog

Inputs an d Output s 2 inputs, 6 outputs Dynamic range, inp uts 116 dB Dynamic range, ou tputs 115 dB

Frequency response, analog to digital Frequency response, digital to analog THD + Noise, inputs THD + Noise, outputs

Iso- Float gro und isola tion Yes, separate s etting for i nput and out put Input sen sitivit y settin gs 12 or 26 dBu Maximu m outpu t level 21 dBu Input imped ance 20 kOhm ba lanced, 10 kO hm unbalan ced Commo n Mode Reje ction (CMR) >70 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kH z Crosstalk -98 dB, 2 0 Hz to 20 kHz

AES3

Inputs an d Output s 4 inputs, 8 outpu ts Suppor ted resolu tions Up to 24 bit Suppor ted sampl e rates 44.1, 48, 88.2, 9 6, 176.4, 192 kHz Termination Selectab le

Dante A udio N etwork

Inputs an d Output s 4 inputs, 8 out puts Suppor ted sampl e rates 48, 96 k Hz Suppor ts redundant pa ths Yes Flexible top ology Yes Networ k latency 0.5, 0.8, 1.3 , 4 ms

Front Pan el User I nterf ace

Display Daylight readab le monoch rome Meters LED meters a nd clip indicato rs per chan nel Mute acces s Mute butto n and LED ind ication pe r channel LED Fault an d Warning indic ation Yes Parameter adj ustment Rotary e ncoder Standby Powe r button On /Standby

Back Pan el Inte rface

Analog inp uts and outp uts 2 + 6 XLR AES inputs a nd outputs DB-2 5 Ethernet Dual Neut rik ether CON GPIO DB- 9 Power Locking 3 -pin IEC Control an d monitorin g interface V ia Ethernet f or Lake Con troller sof tware

Ethern et

Gigabit Ethe rnet 1000 Base-T Fast Ethern et 100 Base -Tx

GPIO

Inputs 2 General Pu rpose Inpu ts (GPI) suppor ting exter nal contact c losure Outputs 2 General Pu rpose Out puts (GPO) with i nternal con tact closure Softw are configura ble input co ntrol Standby sta te, Mute state, Du al Preset reca ll Softw are configura ble output i ndication Standby sta te, Mute state, Fau lts, Ready

Device P reset s

Frame presets 100

Power

Nominal vo ltage 100-240 VAC Operating vo ltage 70-26 5 VAC Power consu mption 30 W ma ximum

Dimens ions W: 48 3 mm (19”), H: 44 mm (1 U), Overall D: 2 90 mm (11.5”) Weight 5 kg (11 lbs.) Finish B lack painted ste el chassis w ith aluminu m handles

Approva ls CE, ANS I/UL 6 006 5 (ETL), C SA C22. 2 NO. 60 065, F CC

+/-0.1 dB, 20 Hz to 2 0 kHz +/-0.0 3 dB, 20 H z to 20 kHz

0.00 024% at 1 kHz

0.00 037% at 1 kHz

Specifica tions su bject to c hange w ithout n otice

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

LM 44 Technical Specications

11. LM 44 Technical Specications

Lake fea tures

Module co nfiguration 2 Conto ur or 4 Mesa mo dules Processing c hannels 6 in Contour m ode, 4 in Mesa m ode Input routers 8 input routers w ith 4 priorities in each, sea mless failove r to lower priori ties Module Inpu t mixer 4 ch. for Contour, 8 ch. for M esa-mo dules. Mix any ra tio betwee n all input route rs. Input proces sing Parameteric EQ wi th Mesa and Id eal Graphic eq ualizers, bot h utilizing Rais ed Cosine algorithms Output proc essing L inear phase or Classic cros sovers, Parametric EQ, shel ving and all- pass filters Features Delay, Mute, Phase, G ain etc. Limiters LimiterMax with Peak and RMS limiter. Configurable MaxRMSLevel, MaxRMSCorner, MaxRMSAttack,

SuperMo dule com patible Yes

Audio Performance

Conversion resolution 24-bit Internal sample rate 96 kHz Internal data path 32-bit floating po int Product pro pagation d elay Best case (AE S synchronous 96 kHz to A ES synchronous 96 kHz v ia module) 0.871 ms

Maximu m available user d elay 2 seconds

Analog

Inputs and Ou tputs 4 inp uts, 4 output s Frequency R esponse, analog- to-digit al +/-0.1 dB, 20 Hz to 2 0 kHz Frequency R esponse, digital-to -analog +/-0.1 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz THD+Noi se, Inputs 0.00024% ty pical at 1 kHz THD+Noi se, Outputs 0.00 037% typi cal at 1 kHz Dynamic Ra nge, Inputs 116 dB Dynamic Range, Ou tputs 115 dB Input Imp edance 20 kOhm bal anced, 10 kOh m unbalanced Output I mpedance 50 ohm Maximu m Input level +26 d Bu Input Sensi tivity - set tings for digital full-s cale +12 dBu, +26 dBu Maximu m Output level +21 dBu Crosstalk, I nputs -98 dB, 20 Hz to 2 0 kHz Crosstalk, O utputs -98 d B, 20 Hz to 20 kHz Common M ode Rejection Ratio (CM RR) >70 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kH z

AES3/ EBU (sample rate c onverte rs available as des ired)

Inputs and Ou tputs 8 inp uts, 8 output s Supporte d sample rates 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 8 8.2 kHz, 96 kHz, 176.4 kHz, 19 2 kHz (I/O indiv idually sele ctable) Supporte d resolutio ns Up to 24-bi t THD+Noi se 0 .000 02 % at 96 kHz and 0.00 006 % at 44.1 kHz sample rate Dynamic Ra nge B ase48 -140 dBF S, Base44 -125 dBFS

Clockin g

Clock selec tion Manual or au tomatic acco rding to priorit y scheme Oscillator t ype / Synchr onization High qualit y VCXO clock can provide Dante maste r clock or slave. Au tomatic synchronizatio n with Dante net work. Base48 2 (Primary a nd SRC) Base44 1 (SRC) Clock accurac y < ± 7 ppm

Dante (Aud io Network)

Inputs and Ou tputs 4 inp uts, 8 output s Supporte d sample rates 48 kHz, 9 6 kHz Support re dundant paths Glitch-fre e Dual Redun dant Dante usin g two Ethern et networks Receiver late ncy 0.5 ms, 0.8 ms, 1.3 m s, 4 ms

GPIO

Inputs 2 G eneral Purpose Inputs (GP I) supporti ng external c ontact closu re Outputs 2 General Pu rpose Outp uts (GPO) with inte rnal contact c losure Softwa re configurabl e input contro l Standby state, Mu te state, Dual pres et recall Softwa re configurabl e output indi cation Standby st ate, Mute state, Faults, Ready

Device p resets

Frame presets 100

Power req uirements

Nominal Volt age 100-240 VAC Operating Volt age 70-265 VAC Power consu mption 30 W maximum

Front pa nel int erfac e

Display Daylight re adable mono chrome (128 x 64) Meters LED for signal level and clip indicators per channel Mute acces s Dedicated Mute button and LED indication per processing channel Menu Intuitive and p owerful us er interface w ith soft keys Status in dication LED Faul t and Warning indi cation and det ailed description on displ ay Parameter A djustment Single /multiple parameter edits w ith rotary e ncoder

Back Pane l Interface

Analog Inp uts and Outpu ts 4 + 4 XLR AES Inputs a nd Outputs DB-25 , with select able terminat ion Ethernet Auto 100/10 00, Auto uplink, 2 x Neut rik etherC ON RJ45 c onnectors GPIO DB -9 Power D etachable locking 3 -pin IEC Control and m onitoring interface Via Ethernet f or Lake Cont roller soft ware, or DLM (the 3rd part y protocol)

Dimens ions (W/ H/D) 483 mm (19"), 44 m m (1 U), 290 mm (11.5") Weight 5 Kg (11 lbs.) Finish Black painted steel c hassis with c ast alumimu m handles

Approval s C E, ANSI/UL 60 065 (ETL), CSA C2 2.2 NO. 6006 5, FCC Warrant y 3 years, com ponents and factory wor kmanship; see f ull warranty statement

Specif ications subje ct to chang e without notice

MaxRMSRelease and MaxPeakLevel

Analog (An alog in to Anal og out via mo dule) 1.049 ms Pass thru (Ana log in to AES synchronous 9 6 kHz bypassing module) 0.158 ms

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Warranty and Support

12. Warranty and Support

12.1 General

This product is manufactured by Lake, and it is warranted to be free from any defects caused by components or factory workmanship, under normal use and service, for a period of three (3) years from date of purchase from an authorized Lake dealer.

If the product fails to perform as specied during the warranty period, Lake will undertake to repair, or at its option, replace this product at no charge to its owner, provided the unit is returned undamaged, shipping prepaid, to an authorized service facility or to the factory.

This warranty shall be null and void if the product is subjected to: repair work or alteration by a person other than those authorized by us; mechanical damage including shipping accidents; war, civil insurrection, misuse, abuse, operation with incorrect AC voltage; incorrect connections or accessories; operation with faulty associated equipment; or exposure to inclement weather conditions. Damage due to normal wear and tear is not covered by the warranty. Units on which the serial number has been removed or defaced will not be eligible for warranty service.

Lake shall not be responsible for any incidental or consequential damages. Lake’s responsibility is limited to the product itself. Lake takes no responsibility for any loss due to cancellation of any events, or rent of replacement equipment or costs due to a third party’s or customer’s loss of prot, or any other indirect cost or losses however incurred.

Lake reserves the right to make changes or improvements in design or manufacturing without assuming any obligation to change or improve products previously manufactured.

This warranty is exclusive, and no other warranty is expressed or implied. This warranty does not affect the customer’s statutory rights.

12.2 International Warranties

Please contact your supplier or distributor for this information, as rights and disclaimers may vary from country to country.

12.3 Technical Assistance and Service

12.3.1 International Service

If your Lake product requires repair, contact your Lake dealer or distributor, or contact Lake by fax or email to obtain the location of the nearest authorized service centre.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

Warranty and Support

12.3.2 Factory Service

In the event a Lake product requires factory service, you may contact Lake’s service department for return instructions and a Return Authorization number.

Please note for product return:

1. Use the original packing.

2. Include a copy of the sales receipt, your name, return address, phone and fax number, email address and description of the defect.

3. Mark the Return Authorization number on the outside of the packing.

4. Ship the product prepaid to:

Lake Faktorvägen 1 SE-434 37 Kungsbacka SWEDEN

Phone: +46 300 56 28 00 Fax: +46 300 56 28 99

service@lakeprocessing.com www.lakeprocessing.com

12.4 Trademarks

Lake is a national and/or international registered trademark of Lab.gruppen AB. LM, PLM, Loudspeaker Management and Powered Loudspeaker Management are trademarks of Lab.gruppen AB.

Dolby is a registered trademark of Dolby Laboratories. Raised Cosine Equalization, LimiterMax and Iso-Float are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories. Audinate is a registered trademark of Audinate Pty Ltd. Dante and Zen are trademarks of Audinate Pty Ltd.

All other trademarks remain the property of their respective owners.

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.2.8

I N T E R N A T I O N A L C O N T A C T ► I N F O @ L A K E P R O C E S S I N G . C O M U S & C A N A D A C O N T A C T ► I N F O @ T C G - A M E R I C A S . C O M

W W W . L A K E P R O C E S S I N G . C O M

L A K E I S A W H O L L Y - O W N E D S U B S I D I A R Y O F L A B . G R U P P E N A B , S W E D E N

W W W . L A B G R U P P E N . C O M

Lab.gruppen LM 44 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1. Important Safety Instructions

1.1 Important Safety Instructions

1.2 Standards

1.3 Explanation of Graphical Symbols

1.4 WARNING

1.5 CAUTION

1.6 FCC Compliance Notice (Radio Interference)

1.7 User Responsibility

2. Welcome

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Main Features

2.3 Additional Documentation

3. Installation

3.1 Unpacking

3.2 Mounting

3.3 Cooling

3.4 Operating Voltage

3.5 Grounding

4. Product Overview

4.1 Front Panel Overview

4.2 Back Panel Overview

5. Signal Flow and Lake Processing

5.1 Signal Flow

5.2 Lake Processing and Control

5.3 Modules and Frames

5.4 Loudspeaker Processor (Contour Mode) Overview

5.5 System Equalizer (Mesa Mode) Overview

5.6 Switching between Contour and Mesa Mode

5.7 Files and Presets

6. Front Panel Interface

6.1 Overview

6.2 Front Panel Key Lock

6.3 Power Button

6.4 Meter Button

6.5 Menu Button

6.6 Exit Button

6.7 Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs

6.8 Module I/O Mute Buttons and LED Meters

6.9 Meter Mode

6.10 Menu Mode

7. Back Panel Interface

7.1 Analog Inputs and Outputs

7.2 AES3 Digital I/O

7.3 RJ45 etherCON Network Connections

7.4 GPIO Connection

7.5 Universal Power Supply Connection

8. Appendix

8.1 Faults and Warnings Overview

8.2 Maintenance

8.3 Factory Default Settings

8.4 Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations

9. Application Guide

9.1 Gain Structure

9.2 Gain / Level Optimization

9.3 Digital Audio Connections

12. Warranty and Support

12.1 General

12.2 International Warranties

12.3 Technical Assistance and Service

12.4 Trademarks