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Please contact your KUBOTA dealer for any additional information or troubleshooting procedures not
mentioned in these operating instructions.
The content of this documentation does not constitute part of a previous agreement, promise or legal
relationship, nor shall it constitute an amendment thereof. All responsibilities arise of the respective sales
contract containing the complete and exclusively valid contractual warranty. See the "Duties, liability and
warranty" section (page 13). This documentation does neither extend nor restrict the contractual warranty.
KUBOTA Baumaschinen GmbH reserves its right to change the information contained in this document with
respect to future technical development without altering the basic characteristics of the excavators described
herein and without amending this document.
Distribution and reproduction of this documentation and disclosure of its content are not allowed unless
expressly approved by the manufacturer. Violators of the above terms are liable for compensation for damages.
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Table of contents
Abbreviations...................................................................................................................................................... 8
General symbols ................................................................................................................................................9
GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................................................... 10
Foreword .......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Manufacturer .................................................................................................................................................... 10
EC declaration of conformity ............................................................................................................................11
Date of issue of operator's manual................................................................................................................... 11
Operating personnel......................................................................................................................................... 11
Location of the operator's manual....................................................................................................................12
SAFETY RULES ............................................................................................................................... 13
Basic safety instructions................................................................................................................................... 13
Responsibilities, liability and warranty.............................................................................................................. 13
Safety symbols ................................................................................................................................................. 15
Approved use ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Unapproved use ............................................................................................................................................... 16
Special duties of the owner ..............................................................................................................................16
Safety labels on the excavator ......................................................................................................................... 17
Safety devices ..................................................................................................................................................22
Locking the controls .................................................................................................................................... 22
Engine stop knob.........................................................................................................................................22
Emergency hammer....................................................................................................................................23
Hazards coming from the hydraulic system ..................................................................................................... 23
Combating fire .................................................................................................................................................. 23
RECOVERY, LOADING AND TRANSPORT..................................................................................... 24
Safety rules for recovery ..................................................................................................................................24
Safety rules for hoisting the excavator with a crane......................................................................................... 24
Safety rules for transport .................................................................................................................................. 25
Recovery .......................................................................................................................................................... 25
Hoisting the excavator with a crane ................................................................................................................. 26
Transport on a flat bed trailer ........................................................................................................................... 27
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXCAVATOR............................................................................................. 29
Model overview ................................................................................................................................................29
Model KX91-3α2 ......................................................................................................................................... 29
Model KX101-3α2 ....................................................................................................................................... 29
Model U35-3α2 ...........................................................................................................................................30
Dimensions....................................................................................................................................................... 31
Dimensions for the KX91-3α2/KX101-3α2/U35-3α2 ..................................................................................31
Specifications ................................................................................................................................................... 33
Specifications for the KX91-3α2/101-3α2/U35-3α2....................................................................................33
Identification of the excavator...........................................................................................................................35
Equipment ........................................................................................................................................................ 35
Standard equipment.................................................................................................................................... 35
Accessories ................................................................................................................................................. 35
Long arm ................................................................................................................................................ 36
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Pipe safety valve ....................................................................................................................................36
Note on the usage .............................................................................................................................37
ASSEMBLY AND FUNCTIONS .........................................................................................................38
Component overview ........................................................................................................................................38
Driver's place ....................................................................................................................................................39
Right control console ...................................................................................................................................39
Description of the components of the right control console ...................................................................40
Displays and indicators - description......................................................................................................41
Left control console......................................................................................................................................41
Description of the components of the left control console......................................................................42
Controls .......................................................................................................................................................42
Description of the controls......................................................................................................................42
Further components in the cab....................................................................................................................44
Wiper/washer system .............................................................................................................................44
Interior lighting ........................................................................................................................................44
Fuse box.................................................................................................................................................44
Main battery............................................................................................................................................45
Tool compartment...................................................................................................................................45
Cup holder ..............................................................................................................................................45
Fuel tank filler opening......................................................................................................................................46
Engine compartment.........................................................................................................................................47
Hydraulic system ..............................................................................................................................................48
OPERATION......................................................................................................................................49
Safety rules for operation..................................................................................................................................49
Guiding the operator....................................................................................................................................50
Working in the vicinity of overhead power lines ..........................................................................................50
Working in the vicinity of underground power lines .....................................................................................50
Initial operation..................................................................................................................................................51
Setting the display language .......................................................................................................................51
Running-in of the excavator.........................................................................................................................51
Special maintenance instructions................................................................................................................51
Operating the excavator ...................................................................................................................................52
Pre-operational services..............................................................................................................................52
Check the engine oil level.......................................................................................................................52
Checking the coolant level......................................................................................................................52
Checking the radiator and the oil cooler.................................................................................................53
Checking the V-belt ................................................................................................................................53
Checking the exhaust system for leaks..................................................................................................53
Checking the oil level of the hydraulic system........................................................................................54
Checking the water separator of the fuel system ...................................................................................54
Lubrication ..............................................................................................................................................55
Checking the fuel level of the fuel tank...................................................................................................57
Setting up the workplace .............................................................................................................................57
Mounting the excavator ..........................................................................................................................57
Adjusting the driver's seat ......................................................................................................................57
Horizontal seat adjustment (seat stand-off) ......................................................................................58
Spring adjustment (driver's weight) ...................................................................................................58
Seat height adjustment (knee height) ...............................................................................................58
Backrest adjustment..........................................................................................................................58
Horizontal seat adjustment (seat stand-off) - U35-3α2 .....................................................................59
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Spring adjustment (driver's weight) - U35-3α2 .................................................................................59
Backrest adjustment - U35-3α2 ........................................................................................................ 59
Tilting the driver's seat - U35-3α2..................................................................................................... 60
Seat belt............................................................................................................................................60
Exterior mirror adjustment................................................................................................................. 60
Safety instructions for starting the engine...................................................................................................61
Starting the engine ...................................................................................................................................... 61
Stopping the engine .................................................................................................................................... 62
Observation of the displays after starting and during operation .................................................................63
Driving the excavator................................................................................................................................... 64
Driving ....................................................................................................................................................65
Turning ................................................................................................................................................... 66
During driving....................................................................................................................................66
From a standing position................................................................................................................... 66
Turning on the spot ........................................................................................................................... 67
Driving uphill and downhill......................................................................................................................67
Hints for rubber crawler operation.......................................................................................................... 68
Making sharp turns ...........................................................................................................................68
Protecting the crawler against salt.................................................................................................... 68
Operating the controls during excavation work........................................................................................... 68
Notes for using wider and deeper buckets.................................................................................................. 69
Operating the dozer ............................................................................................................................... 69
Overview of control lever functions ........................................................................................................ 70
Operating the boom ............................................................................................................................... 70
Operating the arm ..................................................................................................................................71
Operating the bucket.............................................................................................................................. 72
Swivelling the swivel frame ....................................................................................................................72
Swinging the boom................................................................................................................................. 73
Operating the service port........................................................................................................................... 74
Flow rate setting................................................................................................................................75
Preference......................................................................................................................................... 75
Fine-tuning the limited oil flow........................................................................................................... 76
Setting............................................................................................................................................... 76
Return change valve ..............................................................................................................................79
Placing out of operation.................................................................................................................................... 79
Cab version only .................................................................................................................................... 80
Operating the wiper/washer system................................................................................................................. 80
Switching on the windscreen wiper.............................................................................................................80
Switching on the washer system................................................................................................................. 80
Operating the room light (cab version)............................................................................................................. 81
Operating the rotary beacon............................................................................................................................. 81
Charging plug..............................................................................................................................................81
Operating the heater (cab version) ..................................................................................................................82
Opening and closing the cab door ...................................................................................................................83
Opening the cab door from outside.............................................................................................................83
Closing the cab door ................................................................................................................................... 83
Opening the cab door from inside...............................................................................................................83
Opening and closing the windows.................................................................................................................... 84
Front window...............................................................................................................................................84
Side window ................................................................................................................................................85
Operating the working lights.............................................................................................................................85
Cold weather operation ....................................................................................................................................85
Necessary preparations prior to the winter season..................................................................................... 85
Operation during the winter season ............................................................................................................ 86
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Jump-starting the excavator .............................................................................................................................86
Emergency stop functions ................................................................................................................................87
Manual engine stop .....................................................................................................................................87
Manual lowering of the boom ......................................................................................................................87
Filling up the washer system ............................................................................................................................88
Filling up the excavator.....................................................................................................................................88
Bleeding the fuel system...................................................................................................................................88
Replacing the fuses ..........................................................................................................................................89
Fuse layout of the fuse box .........................................................................................................................90
Installing and uninstalling the driver's seat .......................................................................................................90
Opening and closing the engine compartment cover .......................................................................................91
Removing and installing the left engine compartment cover............................................................................91
Opening and closing the valve chamber cover.................................................................................................91
Replacing the bucket ........................................................................................................................................92
Anti-theft system ...............................................................................................................................................93
Black (individual) key...................................................................................................................................93
Red key (for registering) ..............................................................................................................................93
The key system............................................................................................................................................93
Registering a black key for the machine......................................................................................................94
TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................................................................................96
Safety rules for troubleshooting ........................................................................................................................96
Troubleshooting: pre-operational services .......................................................................................................96
Troubleshooting: operation...............................................................................................................................97
Troubleshooting: display indications.................................................................................................................98
MAINTENANCE.................................................................................................................................99
Safety rules for maintenance............................................................................................................................99
Personnel requirements....................................................................................................................................99
General maintenance chart: 50 to 500 hours of operation ............................................................................ 100
General maintenance chart: 550 to 1000 hours of operation........................................................................ 101
Servicing maintenance chart: 50 to 500 hours of operation .......................................................................... 102
Servicing maintenance chart: 550 to 1000 hours of operation...................................................................... 103
Cleaning the excavator .................................................................................................................................. 104
Servicing ........................................................................................................................................................ 104
Re-filling the coolant ................................................................................................................................. 104
Cleaning the radiator ................................................................................................................................ 105
Checking and adjusting the V-belt tension ............................................................................................... 105
Checking the coolant hoses ..................................................................................................................... 106
Replacing the engine oil and oil filter........................................................................................................ 106
Draining the engine oil......................................................................................................................... 106
Replacing the oil filter .......................................................................................................................... 107
Filling in engine oil ............................................................................................................................... 107
Replacing the coolant ............................................................................................................................... 108
Checking and cleaning the air filter .......................................................................................................... 109
Replacing the fuel filter ............................................................................................................................. 110
Cleaning the water separator ................................................................................................................... 110
Emptying the fuel reservoir....................................................................................................................... 111
Replacing the return filter in the hydraulic oil tank.................................................................................... 111
Replacing the suction filter in the hydraulic oil tank.................................................................................. 113
Replacing the filter inside the pilot control circuit ................................................................................ 113
Replacing the in-line filter ......................................................................................................................... 114
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Draining and topping up hydraulic oil........................................................................................................ 114
Draining the hydraulic oil......................................................................................................................115
Filling in hydraulic oil............................................................................................................................115
Replacing the breather filter in the hydraulic oil tank ................................................................................ 116
Battery service........................................................................................................................................... 116
Checking the battery ............................................................................................................................117
Charging the battery............................................................................................................................. 118
Installing/uninstalling and replacing the battery ................................................................................... 119
Lubrication................................................................................................................................................. 120
Greasing the swivel gear...................................................................................................................... 120
Greasing the pitch bearing................................................................................................................... 120
Checking and tensioning the crawler tension ...........................................................................................121
Adjusting the crawler tension ............................................................................................................... 121
Checking the crawler tension............................................................................................................... 122
Checking the crawler tension (steel).................................................................................................... 123
Replace the drive unit oil........................................................................................................................... 123
Greasing the pilot valve linkage ................................................................................................................124
Checking the electric cables and connections.......................................................................................... 124
Resetting the service period indicator .......................................................................................................124
Checking the bolted joints .............................................................................................................................. 125
Tightening torque for screws..................................................................................................................... 125
Tightening torque for hose clamps............................................................................................................125
Tightening torque for hydraulic hoses.......................................................................................................125
Tightening torque for hydraulic pipes........................................................................................................126
Tightening torque for hydraulic adapters ..................................................................................................126
Recommended lubricants............................................................................................................................... 127
Excavator repairs ...........................................................................................................................................128
Spare parts.....................................................................................................................................................128
SAFETY INSPECTION ................................................................................................................... 129
TAKING OUT OF SERVICE AND STORAGE................................................................................. 130
Safety rules for taking out of service and storage ..........................................................................................130
Storage conditions.......................................................................................................................................... 130
Measures before taking out of service ........................................................................................................... 130
Measures during taking out of service ...........................................................................................................130
Start-up after taking out of service ................................................................................................................. 131
LIFTING CAPACITY OF THE EXCAVATOR................................................................................... 132
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY .......................................................................................... 160
EC declaration of conformity for the KX91-3α2 .............................................................................................161
EC declaration of conformity for the KX101-3α2 ...........................................................................................162
EC declaration of conformity for the U35-3α2................................................................................................163
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Abbreviations
1/min Revolutions per minute
% Percent
° Degree
°C Degrees Celsius
A Ampere
acc. according
approx. approximately
bar Bar
BGR Rules according to the German Accident
Prevention & Insurance Association
CO₂ Carbon dioxide
dB Decibel
e.g. for example (exempli gratia)
GL Ground level
i.e. that is (id est)
incl. including
ISO International Organization for
Standardization
kg Kilogramme
km/h Kilometre per hour
kN Kilo Newton
kV Kilovolt
kW Kilowatt
L Litre
L/min Litres per minute
LpA Noise level inside the cab
LwA Detected sound power level
m Metre
m/s² Metre per square second
m³ Cubic metre
max. maximum
mm Millimetre
MPa Megapascal
N Newton
rad Radius
resp. respectively
s Second
t Ton
V Volt
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General symbols
Warning light
Fuel display
Engine oil display
Charge display
Glow display
Hydraulic oil
Travel speed
Low speed
Swivel boom (left)
Swivel boom (right)
Dozer blade up
Dozer blade down
Lever direction
Control lever direction
Rotary beacon indicator on/off
Display selector switch
Forward travel
Backward travel
Raise boom
Lower boom
Arm out
Arm in
Bucket crowd
Bucket dump
Service port switch
Working light button
9
General information
GENERAL INFORMATION
Foreword
This operator's manual applies only to the KUBOTA excavator models KX91-3α2, KX101-3α2 and U35-3α2
which comply with the declaration of conformity.
Safety instructions, and the rules and regulations for the use of excavators given in this operator's manual apply
to the excavators mentioned in this documentation.
It is the responsibility of the owner(s):
• to ensure local, regional and national regulations are observed,
• to observe the bodies of rules (laws, regulations, guidelines, etc) stated in the operator's manual to ensure
safe handling of the equipment,
• to ensure that the operator's manual is always available for the operating personnel and the information
such as notes, warnings and safety rules and regulations are followed in all points.
The data in the operator's manual apply for all models. Any differences are highlighted (e.g. cab version or
KX91-3α2, KX101-3α2, U35-3α2).
The terms "front" and "direction of travel" refer to the view of the
operator when seated on the driver's seat. Forward direction of
travel means that the dozer is at the front when driving forwards
as shown in the figure.
The symbols for operating and safety instructions are listed under "Safety Symbols" (page 15).
Manufacturer
The manufacturer of the excavator described in this manual is:
KUBOTA Baumaschinen GmbH Phone: +496332487-0
Steinhauser Straße 100 Fax: +496332487-101
D-66482 Zweibrücken www.kubota-baumaschinen.de
10
General information
EC declaration of conformity
With the EC declaration of conformity, KUBOTA Baumaschinen certifies that the excavator is
in conformity with the valid standards and regulations at the time of marketing. The EC
conformity marking is located on the excavator's type plate and it indicates that the abovementioned regulations are met.
If the excavator is modified or retrofitted without the approval of the manufacturer, the safety of
the excavator may be affected, thus invalidating the EC declaration of conformity.
Keep the EC declaration of conformity in a safe place and show it, if requested, to the
responsible authorities.
You will find the EC declaration of conformity in the "EC declaration of conformity" section on page 160.
Date of issue of operator's manual
This version of the operating instructions was issued on 04/2007.
Operating personnel
The duties of personnel with respect to operation, servicing, repairs and safety inspections must be set forth
clearly by the owner.
Personnel in training are allowed to work on or with the excavator only under the supervision of an experienced
operator.
Operator
According to trade association regulations, only persons 18 years of age who were instructed in the operation
of the excavator, who have proven their ability to the owner (employer) and who can be expected to perform
their duties in a reliable way are allowed to operate the excavator independently.
Only trained and instructed personnel are allowed to work on or with the excavator.
Only instructed personnel are allowed to start the excavator and operate the controls.
Trained personnel
Trained personnel are skilled persons with a technical qualification who are able to determine damages to the
excavator and perform repairs in their area of qualification (e.g. hydraulic or electrical engineering).
Skilled personnel
Based on their training and experience in their field, skilled personnel must have sufficient knowledge in
excavator engineering and be familiar with the applicable national worker's protection regulations, safety
regulations and the generally accepted technical rules so that they can assess the safe condition of the
excavator.
11
General information
Location of the operator's manual
The operator's manual must always be kept on the excavator. If the operator's manual has become illegible due
to continuous use, the owner (operator) must order a replacement from the manufacturer.
12
Safety rules
SAFETY RULES
Basic safety instructions
• The EC machine utilisation directive (89/655/EEC in version 95/63/EC) dated 11/30/1989 and 12/05/1995
applies for the operation of the aforementioned excavator.
• The information in this operator's manual applies for maintenance and repairs.
• National rules and regulations apply where applicable.
Responsibilities, liability and warranty
A basic requisite for the safe handling and problem-free operation of the excavator is the knowledge of the
safety instructions and safety regulations.
This operator's manual, in particular the safety instructions, must be followed by all persons working near or
with the excavator. Above and beyond this, the safety rules and regulations applicable for the site must also be
observed.
Hazards occurring during the handling of the excavator:
• The excavators are manufactured according to the state of technology and the recognized safety rules.
Nevertheless, danger to the life and limbs of the operator or a third party, or damage to the excavator or to
other property can occur. The excavator(s) may only be used
→ for the approved use and
→ in a completely safe operating state.
Malfunctions which can reduce safety must be repaired immediately.
13
Safety rules
Warranty and liability
The scope, period and form of the warranty are set forth in the sales and delivery conditions of the
manufacturer. The operator's manual valid at the time of delivery shall be the basis for any warranty claims
arising from errors in the valid operating instructions (page 11). The following applies above and beyond the
sales and delivery conditions: No warranty or liability shall be assumed for personnel and property damages
resulting from one or more of the following reasons:
• unapproved use of the excavator,
• improper starting, operation and maintenance of the excavator,
• operation of the excavator with defective safety devices or improperly installed or non-operational safety
and protective devices,
• ignorance or non-observance of this operator's manual,
• insufficiently qualified or insufficiently instructed operating personnel,
• improperly performed repairs,
• use of non-genuine replacement parts,
• unauthorised engineering changes to the excavator,
• poor surveillance of machine parts subject to wear,
• catastrophes caused by the effect of foreign objects or an act of God.
The owner must ensure at his own responsibility that
• the safety rules are observed (page 13),
• unapproved use and unauthorised operation (page 16) are excluded and
• the approved use (page 16) is ensured and the excavator is operated in accordance with the contractual
conditions of use.
14
Safety rules
Safety symbols
The following terms and hazard symbols are used in this operator's manual:
Identifies important operating procedure information which may not be immediately evident to
the operator.
Identifies operating procedures which must be followed exactly to prevent damage to the
excavator or other property.
Identifies operating procedures which must be followed exactly to prevent danger to persons.
Identifies possible hazards in the handling of batteries.
Identifies possible hazards from caustic materials (battery acid).
Identifies possible hazards from explosive materials.
Prohibits the use of fire, open flames and smoking.
Prohibits the spraying of water.
Identifies operating procedures for the proper disposal and storage of ensuing waste materials.
15
Safety rules
Approved use
The excavators specified in this operator's manual may only be used for loosening, excavating, picking up,
transporting and dumping earth, rocks and other materials, for work with the dozer or with a hydraulic hammer.
The load may be transported largely without driving the excavator. Do not exceed the maximum lifting capacity.
Approved use also includes:
• the observation of all notes in this operator's manual,
• the exclusive use of genuine replacement parts and accessories, the use of other replacement parts and
accessories is not allowed and may only be used in exceptional cases after obtaining the written
permission of KUBOTA Baumaschinen GmbH.
• regular servicing,
• regular safety inspections.
Unapproved use
Any improper use - i.e. any deviation from the information in the "Approved use" section (page 16) of this
operator's manual - is considered an unapproved use. This also applies to the non-observance of the standards
and guidelines listed in this operator's manual.
Hazards can occur in case of improper use. Such improper uses are, for example:
• using the excavator to lift loads without suitable load lifting attachments,
• using the excavator for underground works,
• using the excavator to transport persons in the bucket, and
• using the excavator for tearing down walls with the bucket.
Special duties of the owner
Owner of the excavator in the sense of this operator's manual is any natural person or company which uses the
excavator itself or on whose order it is used. In special cases (e.g. leasing, rental), the owner is the person who
must perform the duties arising from operation according to the conditions of the contract between owner and
user of the excavator.
The owner must ensure that the excavator is only used properly and that any danger to the life and health of
the user or others who are in the proximity of the user are eliminated. Furthermore, observance of the safety
rules and observance of the operating, maintenance and repair regulations must be ensured. The owner must
make sure that all operators and users have read and understood this operator's manual.
16
Safety rules
Safety labels on the excavator
Keep the safety and warning symbols (labels) on the excavator clean and legible, replacing them if necessary.
The positioning of the safety symbols is illustrated in the following figures.
1) Code #: RG 308 - 5702-0
Read the operator's manual and make sure you have understood the manual before
starting or operating the excavator.
2) Code #: RG 208-4958-0
Do not touch hot parts, such as exhaust muffler, etc.
3) Code #: bsb 449 350
Before opening the engine compartment cover make sure the engine is stopped.
4) Code #: RG 208-4957-0
Keep away from fan and drive belt.
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Safety rules
5) Code #: RG 5085723-0
Start the engine only from the driver's seat. Do not start the engine by shorting the starter
terminals.
6) Code #: RG208-5727-0
Do not enter the manoeuvring area.
7) Code #: RG 508-5722-0
Do not enter the swivel area.
8) Code #: R 2491-5736-0
9) Code #: 69741-5753-0
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Safety rules
10) Code #: RG 508-5724-0
Radiator: Risk of scalding.
11) Code #: RG138-5791-0
For information about loosening the crawler, consult the operating instructions.
19
Safety rules
a) Cab version
b) Canopy version
12) Code #: RG138-5717-0
When using a wider or deeper bucket take good care when swinging or pulling in the front
attachments to make sure that the bucket does not hit the cabin or the canopy.
20
Safety rules
Code #: RG491-5796-0 Code #: RG109-5769-0
21
Safety rules
Safety devices
Before starting the excavator, all safety devices must be installed properly and operational. No manipulation of
safety devices, e.g. the shorting of limit switches, is allowed.
Protective devices may only be removed after
• the excavator is standing still and shut down
• and secured against restarting (starter switch in STOP position and key switch removed).
• The excavator is equipped with an anti-theft system. The anti-theft system makes it difficult to steal the
machine. However, it can not fully prevent theft.
Locking the controls
The control levers (1 and 3) on the right and left, the drive levers
and the dozer control lever are not operational when the console
(4) is raised. This circumstance allows safe mounting and
dismounting. The console is unlocked and raised with the
control lever lock (2).
The boom swing and the dozer functions are not
secured by the control lever lock.
Engine stop knob
If the electrical system fails, the engine can be shut off manually.
To stop the engine:
• Push the lever (1) upwards until the engine is stopped.
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Safety rules
Emergency hammer
In case of an accident where the excavator cab door and
windows can not be opened, the operator can break the window
panes with the emergency hammer (1).
When breaking the window pane, close your eyes
and cover them with an arm.
Hazards coming from the hydraulic system
If hydraulic oil gets into the eyes, rinse them immediately with clear water and subsequently seek medical aid.
Do not allow hydraulic oil to contact the skin or clothing. Skin parts which may have come in contact with
hydraulic oil must be washed with water and soap immediately, if possible. Do this thoroughly and repeatedly,
otherwise there is a risk of damage to the skin.
Immediately take off any clothes dirtied or soaked with hydraulic oil.
Persons who have inhaled hydraulic oil vapours (mist) should be taken to a doctor immediately.
If leaks have occurred in the hydraulic system, the excavator may not be taken into operation or, if in operation,
operation must cease at once.
Do not use the naked hand to search for leaks; always use a piece of wood or cardboard. Protective clothing
(eye protection and gloves) must be worn when seeking leaks.
Leaking hydraulic oil must be bound immediately with an oil binding agent. The contaminated oil binding agent
must be stored in suitable containers and in accordance with the valid regulations.
Combating fire
In the event of fire in the electrical or hydraulic system, use a CO2 fire extinguisher to combat the fire.
23
Recovery, loading and transport
RECOVERY, LOADING AND TRANSPORT
Safety rules for recovery
• For recovery of the excavator, a towing vehicle of at least the same weight class as the excavator must be
used.
• A tow bar must be used for the recovery. If a tow rope is used, a braking vehicle must also be attached.
The tow bar or tow rope must be suitable for the recovery of the excavator in respect of the towed load. Do
not use damaged recovery aids.
• Do not step into the danger zone between the vehicles during the recovery procedure. If a tow rope is
used, keep a distance of at least 1½ times the length of the rope.
• Use the tow lug on the track frame for the recovery.
• The above safety rules also apply if the excavator is used as the towing or recovery vehicle.
• Observe the admissible values for the towed load and tongue load during recovery, see "Specifications"
(page 33).
Safety rules for hoisting the excavator with a crane
• The lifting gear for hoisting must be suitable for the weight of the excavator.
• Before the lifting gear is attached, check that the specified safety inspections have been performed and the
lifting gear is in perfect condition.
• The excavator may only be lifted at the points provided. Do not attach the lifting gear to the cab roof as this
can lead to substantial damage.
• Always adhere to the valid safety regulations for the lifting of loads.
• The excavator must be secured with a holding rope when it is being lifted.
• The crane operator is responsible for the observance of these safety rules.
24
Recovery, loading and transport
Safety rules for transport
• The used ramps must have a sufficient load capacity for bearing the weight of the excavator. They must be
placed securely on the transport vehicle and fastened.
• Support the loading area at the rear of the transport vehicle with sufficiently dimensioned supports.
• The ramps must be wider than the track of the excavator and have footboards on the side.
• The transport vehicle must be designed for the load of the excavator.
• Place the left and the right ramp so that the centre line of the transport vehicle is aligned with the centre
line of the excavator to be loaded.
• Do not drive the excavator onto the transport vehicle without ramps and with the boom.
• Engage the parking brake of the transport vehicle and secure its front and rear wheels with chocks.
• Secure the excavator against sliding on the transport vehicle with chocks or chains or with suitable tiedown
straps. The chocks must be secured at the crawlers and on the transport vehicle with suitable means. The
driver of the transport vehicle is responsible for the secure fastening of the excavator on the vehicle.
• A guide is required for driving the excavator onto and off the transport vehicle. The guide is responsible for
the safe loading. The excavator may only be moved on instruction of the guide; the operator and guide
must always have eye contact. If this is not possible, the operator must stop the excavator immediately.
• When driving with an excavator loaded, always keep a clearance of 1.0 m to overhead power lines.
Observe the applicable traffic rules and regulations.
Recovery
Adhere to the safety rules (page 13) and the safety
rules for recovery (page 24).
A recovery is only allowed over a short distance
and at walking speed.
• Attach the tow bar or tow rope to the tow lug (see figure) on
the excavator and to the towing vehicle. The tow bar should
be mounted at a right angle to the vehicles.
• During the recovery procedure, the operator must be seated in the driver's place.
• Drive slowly with the towing vehicle to avoid abrupt loads.
25
Recovery, loading and transport
Hoisting the excavator with a crane
Adhere to the safety rules (page 13) and the safety
rules for hoisting the excavator with a crane
(page 24).
• Bring the excavator to the lifting position (see figure) on
level ground.
• Lift the dozer until the dozer cylinders are fully retracted.
See also the "Operating the controls during excavation
work" section (page 68).
• Bring the boom in line with the longitudinal axis of the swivel frame.
• Completely extend the boom cylinder, arm cylinder and bucket cylinder.
• Swivel the swivel frame so that the dozer is located at the rear.
• Close and lock the door and covers.
• Attach the lifting gear with shackles to the lifting eyes (1) on
each side of the dozer.
• Attach the lifting gear with shackles to the lifting eyes (1) on
each side of the boom.
26
Recovery, loading and transport
• Tension the lifting gear slightly with the crane (see figure). If
a cab is fitted, place cloths between the lifting gear and the
cab to protect it.
• Always keep the machine level. Be sure that the centre line
of the crane hook is aligned as exactly as possible with the
centre line of the excavator and that the lifting angle is as
specified. Lift the excavator.
The lifting eyes on the cab are not provided for lifting the excavator. Do not hoist the excavator
with these eyes.
Transport on a flat bed trailer
Adhere to the safety rules (page 13) and the safety
rules for transport (page 25).
• Place the loading ramps on the transport vehicle at an
angle of 10° to 15°. Observe the track width.
• Bring the excavator exactly into line with the ramps and
drive up straight.
Do not turn or steer while driving up the ramps; if necessary, reverse the excavator and drive up
again after realigning it.
DANGER
No person is allowed to stand in the loading area during movement. Risk of bruising.
Take care during swivel operations, the front attachments could thrust against the transport
vehicle. This could damage the transport vehicle and the excavator.
• Turn swivel frame by 180° until the front attachments face the rear of the transport vehicle.
27
Recovery, loading and transport
For protecting the vehicle, use the points as shown in the figure.
• For safe attachment, swing out the arm and bucket and
lower the boom to the ground until the bucket linkage
touches the loading area.
• Secure the chains and the dozer with beams (2).
• Secure the excavator against sliding on the transport
vehicle with chocks or chains (note the vehicle weight).
• Lock the excavator after hoisting.
28
Description of the excavator
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXCAVATOR
Model overview
The excavator is supplied in three different models – KX91-3α2, KX101-3α2 and U35-3α2. They are supplied
optionally with a canopy or cab.
Model KX91-3α2
Model KX101-3α2
29
Description of the excavator
Model U35-3α2
30
Description of the excavator
Dimensions
For the dimensions of the KX91-3α2, KX101-3α2 and U35-3α2, refer to the following figure and the table.
Dimensions for the KX91-3α2/KX101-3α2/U35-3α2
31
Description of the excavator
All dimensions in mm
KX91-3α2 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S
1* 4790 3410 2900 2170 5000 4880 1910
410 480 1550
2*
4920 3550 3180 2340
KX101-3α2 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S
1* 4980 3590 3100 2350 5210 5100 1980
410 480 1550
2*
5110 3720 3300 2530
U35-3α2 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S
1* 4830 3460 3150 2350 5420 5300 2250
600 600 1700
2*
4970 3590 3350 2540
1* Standard arm
2* Long arm
1310 4760
1310 4920
850 4865
360 340 2440 1550
5240
360 340 2440 1550
5400
370 370 2440 1700
5610
2000 1560 1440
5130
2100 1670 1440
5300
2100 1670 1400
5500
1880
2010
2270
32
Description of the excavator
Specifications
Following are the specifications for these series.
Specifications for the KX91-3α2/101-3α2/U35-3α2
KUBOTA Excavator
Model name KX91-3α2 KX101-3α2
Type (rubber crawler) Canopy Cab Canopy Cab
Operating weight (without driver) kg 3130 3240 3410 3520
Volume m³ 0.1 0.107 Bucket
Engine
Performance
Width mm 470 (without teeth)
495 (with teeth)
Type Water-cooled diesel engine with 3
cylinders, E-TVCS
Model name D1503-M-EKBH-1-EC-N D1503-M-EKBH-2-EC-N
Total volume cm³ 1499 1499
Engine performance
DIN 70020
Rated speed 1/min 2200 2300
Swivel speed (swivel
frame)
Ground pressure
(without driver)
Climbing performance % (degree) 36 (20) 36 (20)
Max. lateral sway % (degree) 27% (15) 27% (15)
kW 19.6 20.3
1/min 9.0 8.9
fast
km/h
slow
km/h
kPa
(kgf/cm²)
31.2
0.32
4.6 4.6 Vehicle speed
3.0 3.0
32.3
0.33
550 (without teeth)
575 (with teeth)
Water-cooled diesel engine with 3
cylinders, E-TVCS
31.8
0.32
32.8
0.33
Dozer (width x height) mm 1550x335 1550x335
Left rad
the boom
Right rad
Service port
Volume of the fuel reservoir L 48 48
Maximum towed load at the hitch N 70540 70540
Maximum tongue load at the hitch N 7210 7210
Vibration at the drive lever m/s² < 2.5 < 2.5
Vibration at the control lever m/s² < 2.5 < 2.5
Vibration at the driver's seat m/s² < 0.5 < 0.5
Vibration at the bottom plate m/s² < 0.9 < 0.9
Max. volume
(theoretical)
Max. pressure
LpA dB (A) 79 76 78 76 Noise level
LwA (2000/14/EC) dB (A) 93 93 94 93
(degree)
(degree)
L/min 40 40
MPa 23.5 24.5
bar 235 245
1.40 (80) 1.40 (80) Swing angle of
0.87 (50) 0.87 (50)
33
Description of the excavator
KUBOTA Excavator
Model name U35-3α2
Type (rubber crawler) Canopy Cab
Operating weight (without driver) kg 3480 3590
Volume m³ 0.107 Bucket
Width mm 550 (without teeth)
575 (with teeth)
Engine
Performance
Dozer (width x height) mm 1700x335
the boom
Service port
Volume of the fuel reservoir L 41.5
Maximum towed load at the hitch N 70540
Maximum tongue load at the hitch N 7210
Vibration at the drive lever m/s² < 2.5
Vibration at the control lever m/s² < 2.5
Vibration at the driver's seat m/s² < 0.5
Vibration at the bottom plate m/s² < 0.9
Type Water-cooled diesel engine with 3
cylinders,
E-TVCS
Model name D1503-M-EKBH-2-EC-N
Total volume cm³ 1499
Engine performance
DIN 70020
Rated speed 1/min 2300
Swivel speed (swivel
frame)
Ground pressure
(without driver)
Climbing performance % (degree) 36 (20)
Max. lateral sway % (degree) 27% (15)
Left rad (degree) 1.22 (70) Swing angle of
Right rad (degree) 0.87 (50)
Max. volume
(theoretical)
Max. pressure
LpA dB (A) 78 77 Noise level
LwA (2000/14/EC) dB (A) 93 93
kW 20.3
1/min 8.9
fast
km/h
slow
km/h
kPa
(kgf/cm²)
L/min 40
MPa 24.5
bar 245
32.0
0.33
4.6 Vehicle speed
3.0
33.0
0.34
34
Description of the excavator
Identification of the excavator
The type plate of the excavator is located at the front of the
swivel frame. The owner should enter the stamped data in the
field on the back of the front cover.
1. Model name
2. Operating weight
3. Engine performance
4. Pulling capacity of the tow lug
5. Maximum tongue load at the tow lug
6. Serial number
7. YOC
Equipment
The standard equipment of the excavator can be enhanced by optional equipment (accessories).
Standard equipment
The standard equipment of the models includes a grease gun,
an oil filter wrench and a 50 A spare fuse. Stow it in the tool
compartment (1) at the front left inside the flooring of the cab.
Accessories
The allowed accessories for this excavator are detailed in the following sections. For additional accessories,
please contact your authorised dealer.
Accessories from other manufacturers may only be fitted after prior written approval from
KUBOTA. See also the "Approved use" section (page 16).
35
Description of the excavator
Long arm
An optional elongated arm is available as an accessory for all models.
Device Name Part # Type Area of operation
[KX91-3α2]
Arm
[KX101-3α2]
Arm
[U35-3α2]
Arm
Pipe safety valve
Long arm
Long arm
Long arm
RG518-6710-0
RG518-6710-0
RG518-6710-0
A=1550 mm
A=1550 mm
A=1550 mm
Deep digging and
light excavation
work
Deep digging and
light excavation
work
Deep digging and
light excavation
work
The pipe safety valve prevents the load from suddenly lowering
during lifting in case a pipe or hose bursts. It is installed at the
factory or can be retrofitted by your KUBOTA dealer.
The hydraulic cylinders for
- boom (2),
- arm (1), and
- dozer (3)
are each equipped with a pipe safety valve directly at the
hydraulic port of the cylinders.
The pipe safety valve (3) is adjusted to the particular excavator
at the factory and secured with a lead seal (2).
Removing the leaden seal or manipulating the pipe safety valve
will void the warranty.
36
Description of the excavator
Any manipulation can result in substantial personal injuries, even death, and is therefore strictly
forbidden.
The manipulation and repair of the pipe safety valves is forbidden. They may only be replaced by your
KUBOTA dealer as a kit.
An optional warning device is available for the models KX91-3α2, KX101-3α2 and U35-3α2. The warning
device is controlled by the pressure switch (figure above, position 1) at the pipe safety valve on the boom
cylinder. The load is measured by the pressure at the base of the cylinder. Any overpressure triggers the
warning device.
The warning device is activated with the warning device toggle
switch (1). In the event of an overload, an acoustic signal
sounds and the warning light (2) flashes.
Note on the usage
• Check the lead seal of the pipe safety valve before using the excavator. Do not carry out any excavating
work if the lead seal is not in place or the pipe safety valve is damaged.
• In case machines equipped with a warning device experience an overload, the boom must be lowered until
the load rests on the ground. To prevent personal injuries and damage to equipment, do not operate any
other functions (e.g. swivelling the swivel frame).
37
Assembly and functions
ASSEMBLY AND FUNCTIONS
Component overview
1. Boom 11. Dozer cylinder
2. Arm cylinder 12. Dozer
3. Working light 13. Swing bracket
4. Cab 14. Boom cylinder
5. Cab door 15. Bucket
6. Engine compartment cover 16. Bucket linkage 1
7. Drive sprocket 17. Bucket linkage 2 and 3
8. Drive unit 18. Arm
9. Swivel frame 19. Bucket cylinder
10. Idler
38
Assembly and functions
Driver's place
The driver's place is located in the middle of the cab. It includes
the following control elements:
1. Left control console
2. Drive levers and control pedals
3. Right control console
4. Driver's seat
Right control console
The right control console (see figure) includes the following
components:
1. Rocker switch for the service port
2. Hammer switch
3. Travel speed button
4. Dozer control lever
5. Starter switch
6. Potentiometer for the adjustment of the engine speed
7. AUTO IDLE switch
8. Switch for the flow rate setting
9. Blower switch (cab version)
10. Emergency stopping device
11. Display
12. Travel speed indicator
13. Rotary beacon button
14. Arm rest
15. Right control lever lock (canopy version only)
16. Right control lever
17. Horn switch
The display contains the following displays and indicators:
1. Warning light
2. Display
3. Display selector switch
4. Service port switch
5. Working light button
39
Assembly and functions
Description of the components of the right control console
1. Rocker switch for the service port
The functions of the rocker switch are described in the "Controls" section (page 42).
2. Hammer switch
The functions of the hammer switch are described in the "Controls" section (page 42).
3. Travel speed button
The travel speed button switches the HI speed mode on and off.
4. Dozer control lever
The functions of the dozer control lever are described in the "Controls" section (page 42).
5. Starter switch
The starter switch serves as the master switch for the entire machine and as switch for pre-glowing and
starting the engine.
6. Potentiometer for the adjustment of the engine speed
The operator can use this potentiometer to set the engine RPM to any desired speed.
7. AUTO IDLE switch
Using the switch you can switch the AUTO IDLE control on or off. The AUTO IDLE control makes sure that
the engine speed pre-selected with the potentiometer drops down to idle speed after approx. 4 seconds provided that no control is being used. Immediately upon activating a control engine speed will be
immediately set to the pre-selected speed. When the AUTO IDLE control is activated the indicator inside
the switch lights up.
8. Switch for the flow rate setting
Using this switch the operator can set the flow rate of the hydraulic oil for the service port.
9. Blower switch (cab version)
The fan is turned on with the blower switch. The air flow can be set to HI or LO.
10. Emergency stopping device
Using this device, the operator can switch off the engine manually.
11. Display
The functions of the display are described in the "Displays and indicators - description" section (page 41).
12. Travel speed indicator
The travel speed indicator lights up when the travel speed mode is activated.
13. Rotary beacon button
The rotary beacon is switched on with this button.
14. Arm rest
The arm rest allows fatigue-free operation of the control lever.
15. Right control lever lock (canopy version only)
The operation of the control lever lock is described in the "Controls" section (page 42).
16. Right control lever
The functions of the right control lever are described in the "Controls" section (page 42).
40
Assembly and functions
17. Horn switch
Depressing the horn switch activates the horn.
Displays and indicators - description
1. Warning light
The warning light flashes yellow or red when a fault occurs.
Operations must cease immediately when the warning light flashes red.
2. Display
Depending on the operating situation, the display shows the fuel level, engine temperature, the hours of
operation and various indicator symbols. The chapter for the operation gives a detailed description of the
individual displays based on specific operating situations.
3. Display selector switch
Toggles between two different types of display.
4. Service port switch
Once the switch has been flipped you can use the right control lever to operate an attachment connected
to the service port.
5. Working light button
Switches the working lights on and off.
Left control console
The left control console includes the following components:
1. Left control lever
2. Arm rest
3. Control lever lock
41
Assembly and functions
Description of the components of the left control console
1. Left control lever
The functions of the left control lever are described in the "Controls" section (page 42).
2. Arm rest
The arm rest allows fatigue-free operation of the control lever.
3. Control lever lock
The operation of the control lever lock is described in the "Controls" section (page 42).
Controls
The controls include the following components:
1. Left control lever
2. Left control lever lock
3. Left drive lever
4. Right drive lever
5. Boom swing pedal
6. Right control lever lock (canopy version only)
7. Rocker switch for the service port
8. Horn switch
9. Hammer switch
10. Right control lever
11. Dozer control lever
12. Pedal at the right crawler
13. Pedal at the left crawler
Description of the controls
1. Left control lever
The left control lever is used to swivel the swivel frame and move the arm. See the table below for details.
The figure shows, in connection with the following table, the
functions of the left and right control levers.
Control lever
Movement
Right control lever 1
Left control lever A
Lower boom
2
Raise boom
3
Bucket crowd
4
Bucket dump
Arm out
B
Arm in
C
Swivel frame to the left
D
Swivel frame to the right
42
Assembly and functions
2. Left control lever lock
To enter and leave the cab, the console must be raised by pulling up the control lever lock. The engine can
only be started if the console is raised. The controls are only operational when the console is lowered and
the control lever lock is in the "down" position.
3./4. Left and right drive levers
With the drive levers the excavator can be driven forwards and backwards and also turned. The left drive
lever controls the left track and the right drive lever the right track.
5. Boom swing pedal
This pedal is used to swing the boom right and left.
6. Right control lever lock (canopy version only)
To enter and leave the cab, the console must be raised by pulling up the control lever lock. The engine can
only be started if the console is raised. The controls are only operational when the console is lowered and
the control lever lock is in the "down" position.
7. Rocker switch for the service port
The rocker switch controls the oil flow to the service port. When activating the left part the oil flows to the
connector to the left of the arm. Activating the right part results in the oil flowing to the right.
8. Horn switch
Depressing the horn switch activates the horn.
9. Hammer switch
Use the hammer switch to switch hydraulic hammers on and off. Operating the pressure switch results in a
continuous oil flow to the service port connector to the left of the arm. When you operate it again, the oil
flow discontinues. Thus, you can operate the hydraulic hammer without continuously holding down the
switch.
10. Right control lever
The right control lever is used to move the boom and the bucket (see table for the control lever above).
11. Dozer control lever
The dozer control lever is used to raise or lower the dozer. Pushing the lever forward lowers the dozer and
pulling it back raises it.
12./13. Pedals at the left crawler
The pedals allow the operator to foot-control the drive levers. The functions correspond to 3./4.
43
Assembly and functions
Further components in the cab
The following details the other components in the cabin.
Wiper/washer system
The front window is provided with a wiper/washer system. The
system is operated with the wipe/wash switch (1) at the cab roof.
Interior lighting
An interior light (1) is located on the left side of the cab roof. It is
turned on and off with the toggle switch (2).
Fuse box
The fuse box (1) is located below the driver's seat behind a
cover.
44
Assembly and functions
Main battery
The main battery (2) is located inside the flooring of the cab at
the front left. The main fuse (1) for the electric system is located
next to the main battery.
Tool compartment
The tool compartment (1) is positioned next to the main battery
at the front left inside the flooring of the cab.
Cup holder
The cup holder (1) is mounted to the left of the driver's seat at
the cabin wall. The holder can be opened and closed with a
snap.
45
Assembly and functions
Fuel tank filler opening
The fuel tank filler opening is positioned to the left at the rear of
the engine shroud. It is locked with a lockable filler cap (1).
46
Assembly and functions
Engine compartment
The engine compartment (see figure below) is positioned at the rear of the swivel frame; it is covered by a
lockable hinged cover.
1. Heater valve 7. Coolant expansion reservoir
2. Oil filler opening 8. Oil dipstick
3. Engine 9. Alternator
4. Air filter 10. Alternator circuit fuse
5. Turnbuckle for the right valve chamber cover 11. Radiator
6. Exhaust silencer 12. Oil cooler
47
Assembly and functions
Hydraulic system
The controls, except the dozer control lever, the boom swing pedal, the service port pedal and the drive levers,
activate a pilot control circuit.
The dozer control lever controls the valve via a Bowden cable.
The accumulator (figure below, position 1) allows the boom and arm to be lowered in case of an engine failure.
The hydraulic oil tank contains the suction filter and the return filter.
1. Accumulator 4. Hydraulic oil tank
2. Breather filter and 5. Valve block
oil filter port for hydraulic oil 6. Return change valve
3. Sight glass for hydraulic oil level 7. Hydraulic oil pump
48
Operation
OPERATION
Safety rules for operation
• The safety instructions (page 13) must be followed.
• The excavator may only be operated according to its approved use (page 16).
• The excavator may only be operated by trained personnel (page 11).
• Do not operate the excavator when under the influence of drugs, medication or alcohol. Stop operation
when getting tired. The operator must be physically capable of operating the excavator safely.
• The excavator should only be operated if all protective devices are fully operational.
• Before starting or working with the excavator, make sure that there is no danger for any person nearby.
• Before starting the excavator, it must be checked for external damage and operability, and the pre-start
checks must be carried out. If defects are detected, the excavator should only be taken into operation after
the defects have been repaired.
• Wear tightly fitting working clothes in accordance with the trade association regulations.
• During the operation of the excavator, nobody except the operator is allowed to be inside the cab or mount
it.
• For mounting and dismounting, the swivel frame should be positioned in an angle which allows the
operator to use the crawler or the step (if applicable) to enter the cab.
• Always stop the engine when leaving the cab. In exceptional cases, e.g. for troubleshooting, the cab can
also be left with the engine running. The operator must make sure that the left control console remains in
an upright position. The controls may only be used while the operator is sitting on the driver's seat.
• During operation, it is forbidden to stretch any part of the body out of the window or cab door, such as
arms, legs, or the torso.
• If the operator leaves the excavator (e.g. for breaks or at the end of work), the engine must be stopped and
the excavator must be secured against restarting by removing the key switch. The cab door must be
locked. Before leaving the excavator, park the machine so that it can not roll.
• Whenever work is interrupted, the bucket must always be lowered to the ground.
• Do not allow the engine to run indoors, unless the room is equipped with an exhaust gas extraction system
or otherwise well ventilated. The exhaust gas contains carbon monoxide, a colourless, odourless and fatal
gas.
• Never crawl under the excavator before the engine is stopped, the key switch is removed and the
excavator is secured against rolling.
• Never crawl under the excavator if it is only raised with the bucket or the dozer. Always use suitable
supports.
49
Operation
Guiding the operator
• If the operator's working and driving area is obscured, the operator must be supported by a guide.
• The guide must be capable of performing this kind of work.
• Before starting work, the guide and the operator must agree the necessary signals.
• The guide's position must be clearly visible by the operator.
• The operator must stop the excavator immediately if the eye contact to the guide is interrupted.
→ As a rule, either the excavator or the guide may move, never both at once!
Working in the vicinity of overhead power lines
When working with the excavator in the vicinity of overhead power lines and tram lines, a minimum distance as
specified in the following table must be maintained between the excavator and its attachments, and the power
line.
Rated Voltage [V] Safe Distance [m]
up to 1000 V 1.0 m
over 1 kV up to 110 kV 3.0 m
over 110 kV up to 220 kV 4.0 m
up to 380 kV or when rated
over 220 kV
5.0 m
voltage is unknown
If safe distances can not be maintained, the power lines must be switched off in coordination with their owner or
provider and secured against making them live again.
When approaching overhead power lines, any possible movements of the excavator must be taken into
consideration.
Unevenness of the ground or sloping the excavator can reduce the safe distance.
Wind can cause the overhead power lines to sway, thus reducing the safe distance.
In case of a power cross-over, leave the danger zone with the excavator, if possible, by taking suitable
measures. If this is not possible, do not leave the driver's place, warn any approaching persons of the danger
and have the power switched off.
Working in the vicinity of underground power lines
Before starting with excavation work, the owner of the excavator or the person responsible for the work must
check if there are any underground power lines in the proposed working area.
If there are underground power lines present, the position and routing of the power lines must be determined
together with the owners or operators and the required safety measures must be determined.
If power lines are encountered or accidentally damaged, the operator must stop working immediately and
inform the responsible person.
50
Operation
Initial operation
Before initial operation, the excavator must first be checked visually for external transit damages and checked if
the shipped equipment is complete as ordered.
• Check fluid levels as described in the "Maintenance" section (page 99).
• For a description of all operation features, see the "Operating the excavator" section (page 52) as well as
the following sections.
If defects are detected, please inform your dealer immediately.
Setting the display language
• Press and hold the display selector switch (1) and turn the
starter switch to the RUN position at the same time. The
model is shown in the display. Release the display selector
switch to show the currently selected language.
• To select the desired language, repeatedly press the
display selector switch until the desired language is shown.
Press and hold the display selector switch to store the
selected language.
Running-in of the excavator
During the first 50 hours of operation, the following points should be adhered to in all cases:
• Warm up the excavator at low engine speed and with a low load; do not let it warm up at standing position.
• Avoid any abusive use of the excavator.
Special maintenance instructions
• Change the oil in the final drives after the first 50 hours of operation.
• Change the return filter of the hydraulic system after the first 250 hours of operation.
51
Operation
Operating the excavator
For a safe excavator operation, see the following sections.
Pre-operational services
For the performance of the services, the excavator must be parked on level ground and the key
switch must be removed.
• Open the engine compartment cover (page 91). Always close the engine compartment cover after the work
is done.
Walk-around inspection
• Check the excavator for visible damage and leaks.
Check the engine oil level
• Pull out the oil dipstick (1) and wipe it with a clean cloth.
• Insert the oil dipstick completely and pull it out again. The
oil level should be in the "A" area. If the oil level is too low,
add engine oil (page 107).
When the oil level is too high or too low, the engine
might get damaged during operation.
Checking the coolant level
• Check the coolant level in the expansion reservoir (1). The
fluid level must be between FULL and LOW.
Do not open the radiator cap.
If the coolant level is below the LOW mark, refill
(page 104).
52
Operation
If the coolant level is below the LOW mark a short time after adding coolant, the cooling system
is leaky. The excavator may only be started again after the fault is repaired.
Checking the radiator and the oil cooler
• Check the radiator (2) and oil cooler (1) for leaks and debris
(e.g. leaves).
• If there are leaves or other debris between the radiator and
cooler, clean the radiator (page 105).
Checking the V-belt
• Check the V-belt (1) for cracks and proper tension. It should
be possible to depress the V-belt for about 10 mm. Tighten
the V-belt (page 105).
Checking the exhaust system for leaks
• Check the exhaust system for leaks and security (formation of cracks).
If the inspection is carried out when the engine is warm, there is a risk of burns at the exhaust
system.
• If the exhaust system is leaky or loose, the excavator may only be taken into operation after the defects
are eliminated.
53
Operation
Checking the oil level of the hydraulic system
To determine the oil level exactly, extend all
hydraulic cylinders half way.
Check the oil level in the sight glass (1). The oil level should be
half way up the sight glass. Carefully check the position of the
hydraulic cylinders again before topping up. For more
information, see the "Topping up hydraulic oil" section
(page 114).
Checking the water separator of the fuel system
• A red plastic ring in the water separator (1) floats up with
the water level. If the ring is floating up, clean the water
separator (page 110).
54
Operation
Lubrication
• Start the engine (page 61).
• Position the boom, arm, bucket and dozer as shown in the
figure. Lock the control lever, stop the engine and remove
the key switch. See the "Operating the controls during
excavation work" section (page 68).
• Lubricate all grease points (see figure below) with grease see the "Recommended lubricants" section (page 127) until fresh grease emerges.
During the first 50 hours of operation, grease all grease nipples marked using "Anti-Seize"
grease.
55
Operation
Wipe emerged grease off immediately and store dirty cleaning cloths in the containers provided
for disposal.
56
Operation
Checking the fuel level of the fuel tank
• Turn the starter switch (1) to the RUN position.
• Check the fuel level at the fuel gauge (2). If Fuel is shown in
the display, there are only 7 L of fuel left in the fuel tank.
• If the fuel level is too low, refuel the excavator (page 88).
Setting up the workplace
For cab versions, refer to the "Opening and closing the cab door" section (page 83).
Mounting the excavator
• Move the left control console (2) up as far as possible by
pulling the control lever lock (1) up.
The control console must remain in this position
until the engine is started, as the engine can only
be started in this position.
• Mount the excavator by using the crawler as a step.
• Sit down on the driver's seat.
Adjusting the driver's seat
Adjust the driver's seat so that fatigue-free and comfortable working is possible. It should be
possible to operate all controls safely.
57
Operation
Horizontal seat adjustment (seat stand-off)
Pull the horizontal seat adjustment lever (5) up and move the
seat to the desired position by moving it forward or back, then
release the lever.
Check that the seat is locked into place.
Spring adjustment (driver's weight)
• The seat can be set to the weight of the driver with the spring adjustment grip (figure above, position 4). A
weight indicator (figure above, position 3) is provided as an adjustment aid.
• Turning the grip clockwise increases spring tension (heavier operator), turning the grip anticlockwise
reduces spring tension (lighter operator).
• Adjust the seat so that a comfortable cushioning is achieved.
Seat height adjustment (knee height)
• The seat height is adjusted with the rotary knob (figure above, position 2). The seat height depends on the
set number (0, I, II, III), position 0 being the lowest position. Adjust the seat height in relation to its
horizontal position so that the foot controls can be operated safely.
Backrest adjustment
• Take the load off the backrest and pull up the backrest adjustment lever (figure above, position 1). Set the
backrest to the desired sitting position and release the lever. The backrest should be adjusted so that the
operator can safely operate the control levers with the back resting completely on the backrest.
58
Operation
Horizontal seat adjustment (seat stand-off) - U35-3α2
Pull the horizontal seat adjustment lever (1) sideways and move
the seat to the desired position by moving it forward or back,
then release the lever.
Check that the seat is locked into place.
Spring adjustment (driver's weight) - U35-3α2
The seat can be set to the weight of the driver with the spring
adjustment grip (1). Turning the spring adjustment grip towards
"+" increases spring tension (heavier operator), turning the grip
towards "-" reduces spring tension (lighter operator). Adjust the
seat so that a comfortable cushioning is achieved.
Backrest adjustment - U35-3α2
By turning the spring adjustment grip (1) you can adjust the
desired position of the backrest. The backrest should be
adjusted so that the operator can safely operate the control
levers with the back resting completely on the backrest.
59
Operation
Tilting the driver's seat - U35-3α2
Pull lever (1) up and tilt the seat forward. When swinging the
seat backwards, make sure the seat snaps in.
Seat belt
• Fasten the seat belt.
• Adjust the length of the seat belt by lengthening or shortening the belt so that the belt fits comfortably.
Do not operate the excavator without the seat belt fastened.
Exterior mirror adjustment
• Check the adjustment of the exterior mirrors. If necessary, adjust the mirrors until the optimum sight is
ensured.
60
Operation
Safety instructions for starting the engine
The excavator is equipped with an anti-theft system (page 93).
When starting the excavator for the first time on a work day, carry out the pre-operational
services (page 52).
Make sure that there are no persons within the excavator's working area. It is essential to warn
persons in the vicinity of the excavator by briefly blowing the horn.
Make sure that all operational controls are in neutral position.
Starting the excavator is only allowed when the operator is sitting on the driver's seat.
Before starting the engine, make the necessary operator station adjustments (page 57).
If the engine does not start immediately, cease the starting procedure. Wait a short time before
reattempting a start. If the engine does not start after several attempts, contact skilled personnel.
If the batteries are discharged, jump-start the excavator (page 86).
Do not use a starting pilot or similar substances as a starting aid.
Starting the engine
• Move the potentiometer (1) towards . The AUTO IDLE
switch (2) is switched off. The indicator does not light up.
The excavator is equipped with an anti-theft
system. If someone tries to start the excavator with
the wrong key, the following message will be
displayed:
If the bunch of keys contains metal parts, such as
key rings or other keys, the engine might fail to
start.
If the control lever lock is not raised, the following message will be displayed:
61
Operation
• Insert the key switch (1) into the starter switch and turn it to
the RUN position.
The glow indicator (display below, position 3) comes on briefly.
The engine can be started after it goes off.
The engine oil pressure indicator (display below, position 1)
lights up and goes off after the engine has started.
The charge lamp (display below, position 2) lights up and goes
off after the engine has started.
If Fuel is shown in the display, there are only 7 litres of fuel left in the fuel tank. Refuel the excavator (page 88).
• Turn the starter switch to the START position and hold it there until the engine has started. Release the
starter switch.
• Lower the left control console and make sure that the control lever lock engages.
For canopy models: Lower the right control console and make sure that the control lever lock
engages.
Run the engine briefly at idling speed.
Operate the engine at low speed until operating temperature is reached.
Set the engine speed required for operation:
• Move the potentiometer towards
until the engine reaches the required speed. The AUTO IDLE control
makes sure that the pre-selected engine speed drops down to idle speed after approx. 4 seconds provided that no control lever is being used.
• When the hydraulic oil is cold (i.e. in cold-weather conditions) the AUTO IDLE control may experience
problems during the warm-up phase. This does not constitute a defect.
Check the displays and indicators during operation (page 63).
Stopping the engine
If the engine is to be stopped to take the excavator out of operation, the services for placing the
excavator out of operation (page 79) must be carried out.
• Turn the starter switch to the STOP position and remove the key switch.
62
Operation
Observation of the displays after starting and during operation
The operator must observe the indicators and displays after starting and during operation.
If the Engine oil message appears during operation, stop the engine immediately and contact skilled personnel.
If the Charge message appears during operation, stop the engine immediately. Check if the V-belt is very loose
or broken; if necessary, contact skilled personnel.
Watch the coolant temperature gauge, the bar should be inside the A range.
If the bar rises towards the H during excavator operation, stop the engine immediately and check the coolant
level in the expansion reservoir. Do not open the radiator cap → risk of scalding. If the water level is below the
LOW mark, allow the engine to cool completely and add coolant (page 104).
Check the cooling system for leaks; if necessary, contact skilled personnel.
Check if the V-belt is very loose or broken; if necessary, contact skilled personnel.
Check if the air intake in the right side panel, the radiator and the oil cooler are very dirty. If necessary, clean
the radiator (page 105).
The same applies if the warning light flashes red and the following message displays:
Watch the fuel gauge. If the bar is near to the E mark, refuel the excavator (page 88). The same applies if the
warning light (7 litres of fuel remaining) flashes yellow and the following message displays:
Also stop the engine immediately if
• the engine speed rises or drops suddenly,
• abnormal noises are heard,
• the excavating devices do not respond to the control lever as expected or
• the exhaust fumes are black or white. When the engine is still cold, white smoke for a short time is normal.
63
Operation
Driving the excavator
• Adhere to the general safety rules (page 13) and the safety rules for operation (page 49).
• Carry out pre-operational services (page 52).
• Start the engine (page 61).
• Check the displays and indicators (page 63).
Ensure that the boom and the dozer are in the
direction of travel as shown in the figure.
When driving with the excavator, always observe
the following safety instructions.
When working on slopes, observe the tilt of the excavator (see
figure).
Maximum side tilt → 27% or 15°
Maximum longitudinal tilt → 36% or 20°
• Keep the bucket as low as possible when driving.
• Check the ground for soundness, and verify if there are
holes or other potential obstacles.
• Approach overhangs and edges of ditches carefully as they
could cave in.
• Drive slowly downhill, do not allow the vehicle speed to
increase uncontrollably.
• Close the cab door.
• When driving, the bucket should be approx. 200 to 400 mm
(A) over the ground (see figure).
64
Operation
• Raise the dozer to the top position by pulling the dozer
control lever (1) back.
• Select an appropriate engine speed.
Driving
• Push both drive levers simultaneously forward to drive the excavator straight. Releasing the drive levers
stops the excavator immediately.
To reverse the excavator, pull both control levers back simultaneously.
(A) Forward
(B) Reverse
(C) Straight
If the dozer is not at the front, as shown in the
figure, but at the rear, the operation of the drive
levers is exactly opposite. Drive levers forward →
the excavator drives backwards.
• To drive faster, press the travel speed button (1).
• An audible signal sounds and the indicator (2) comes up.
Pressing the travel speed button again switches back to
normal speed.
Do not drive fast on muddy or uneven terrain, also
if another control is operated (e.g. turning the
swivel frame).
65
Operation
Turning
Turns are described for the forward direction of travel with the dozer at the front. If the dozer is
positioned at the rear, the steering movements should be in the opposite direction.
During driving
When making turns, be sure nobody is standing within the swing area of the excavator.
• Pull the left drive lever to neutral, leave the right drive lever
pushed forward.
(A) The excavator makes a left turn.
From a standing position
• Leave the right drive lever in neutral, push the left drive
lever forward. In this case, the turning radius is determined
by the right track.
(A) The excavator makes a right turn.
66
Operation
Turning on the spot
Do not make a turn on the spot with the travel
speed button actuated.
• Move the drive levers in opposite directions. The tracks will
turn in opposite directions. The centre of the vehicle is the
turning axis.
(A) Turning on the spot to the right.
Driving uphill and downhill
Exercise extreme caution when driving up and
down a slope. Do not use the travel speed button.
• When driving on gradients, raise the bucket approx. 200 to
400 mm (A) above the ground (see figure).
• When driving on gradients, let the bucket slide over the
ground if the terrain allows it.
67
Operation
Hints for rubber crawler operation
• Driving or turning on sharp objects or over steps causes
excessive wear on the rubber crawlers and will lead to
breaking of the rubber crawler or cause the crawler running
surface and the steel inserts to be cut.
• Make sure that no foreign objects get stuck in the rubber
crawler. Foreign objects lead to excessive crawler wear and
can cause it to break.
• Keep oil products away from the rubber crawlers.
• Remove any fuel or hydraulic oil spilled on the rubber crawlers.
Making sharp turns
• On streets with a high-friction tarmac, e.g. concrete, do not make sharp turns.
Protecting the crawler against salt
• Do not work with the machine on the seashore. (The salt will cause the steel insert to corrode.)
Operating the controls during excavation work
Always observe the following safety instructions when working with the excavator.
• Never crush concrete or boulders using side boom swings with the bucket.
• Do not use the dropping action of the bucket for excavation.
• Never fully extend the cylinders. Always keep a certain safety margin, especially when operating with a
hydraulic hammer (accessory).
• Never use the bucket as a hammer to drive posts into the ground.
• Do not drive or dig with the bucket teeth rammed into the ground.
• When loading earth, do not dig the bucket deeply into the ground. Instead, make relatively shallow slices
with the bucket out as far as possible. This technique reduces the stress on the bucket.
• When working in water, the water should only reach up the lower edge of the swivel frame.
• After using the machine in water, always grease the pins at the bucket and arm with grease until the old
lubricating grease emerges.
68
Operation
• When digging towards the rear, make sure that the boom cylinder does not come into contact with the
dozer.
• Never use the excavator as a crane, unless it is equipped with craning equipment (accessory).
• Adhering soil can be shaken off when the bucket is being emptied by moving the cylinder to the end of the
stroke. Should this not suffice, swing out the arm as far as possible and operate the bucket back and forth.
• When excavating, always lower the dozer completely onto the ground.
Notes for using wider and deeper buckets
When using a wider or deeper bucket take good
care when swinging or pulling in the front
attachments to make sure that the bucket does not
hit the cabin or the canopy.
Operating the dozer
When working with the dozer, operate both drive
levers with the left hand and the dozer control lever
with the right hand.
• To lift the dozer, pull the dozer control lever (1) back.
• To lower the dozer, push the dozer control lever (1) forward.
69
Operation
(A) Dozer up.
(B) Dozer down.
Overview of control lever functions
The figure shows, in connection with the following table, the
functions of the left and right control levers.
Control lever
Right control lever 1
Left control lever A
Movement
Lower boom
2
Raise boom
3
Bucket crowd
4
Bucket dump
Arm out
B
Arm in
C
Swivel frame to the left
D
Swivel frame to the right
Operating the boom
• To raise the boom, pull the right control lever ( ) back.
The hydraulic cylinder of the boom is equipped with
a cushioning function, which prevents the
excavated material in the bucket from falling out.
When the hydraulic system operating temperature
is low, the cushioning is delayed for approx. 3 to 5
s. This delay is due to the viscosity of the hydraulic
oil and is not a malfunction.
70
Operation
• To lower the boom, push the right control lever forward (
Watch the boom during lowering, so that the boom
or the bucket teeth do not hit the dozer.
The boom moves as shown in the figure.
Operating the arm
).
• To move the arm out, push the left control lever forward
(figure/
).
• To move the arm in, pull the left control lever back
(figure/
).
The arm moves as shown in the figure.
71
Operation
Operating the bucket
• To pull in (digging) the bucket, move the right control lever
to the left (figure/
).
• To dump (empty) the bucket, move the right control lever to
the right (figure/
).
When pulling the bucket in, take care that the teeth
do not hit the dozer.
The bucket moves as shown in the figure.
Swivelling the swivel frame
No person is allowed to stand in the swivel area
during the movement.
Swivel carefully to avoid any contact of the front
attachments with adjacent objects.
• To turn anticlockwise, move the left control lever to the left
(figure/
).
• To turn clockwise, move the left control lever to the right
(figure/
).
72
Operation
• The turning operation takes place as shown in the figure.
Swinging the boom
No person is allowed to stand in the swing area
during the movement.
Swing carefully to avoid any contact of the front
attachments with adjacent objects.
• To swing the boom counter-clockwise, press the boom
swing pedal on the left-hand side (figure position
).
• To swing the boom clockwise, press the boom swing pedal
on the right-hand side (figure position
).
The figure details the swing movement.
The boom swing control pedal can be secured against inadvertent operation by lowering the
locking flap. Fold the locking flap when the boom swing pedal is not in use.
73
Operation
Operating the service port
Implements are operated using the service port.
Only implements approved by KUBOTA may be used. The implements must be operated in
accordance with the operating instructions supplied with them.
• Press the service port switch (1).
For service port specifications, see the "Specifications" section (page 33).
The service port may only be activated when an implement is attached.
If the service port has not been in use over a long period of time, dirt may have accumulated on
the pipe connections. Before installing the implement, drain approx. 0.1 L of hydraulic oil at each
port.
Catch the drained hydraulic oil in a container and discard it in accordance with the valid
environmental regulations.
• Moving the rocker switch (1) to the right sends oil to the right
connector (figure below, position 1).
• Moving the rocker switch (1) to the left sends oil to the left
connector (figure below, position 2).
• Use the hammer switch (2) to switch hydraulic hammers on
and off. Operating the switch results in a continuous oil flow
to the service port connector (figure below, position 1) to the
left of the arm. When you operate it again, the oil flow
discontinues. Thus, you can operate the hydraulic hammer
without continuously holding down the switch.
74
Operation
(1) Connector for the right part of the rocker switch
(2) Connector for the left part of the rocker switch
Flow rate setting
The flow rate for the service port can be adjusted. The setting is
performed in two steps. Using the service port switch (2) you
can preset four stages. In the second step, you can fine-tune a
limited flow rate in 15 stages with high precision.
The set preference is shown in the service port indicator (1).
When switching the starter switch to the STOP position the flow
rate settings will be stored. This makes sure that upon the next
start-up the service port is switched to the last operating mode.
Preference
Service port indicator Flow rate
1 ● ------------------- Does not light up Service port disabled
2 ☼ ------------------- Lights up Maximum
3 ☼ -- ☼ ------------- Slowly flashing Limited (fine-tuning)
4 ☼ --- ☼ -- ☼ -- ☼ Rapidly flashing Oil flow to the left connector only
To set, press the service port switch (figure above, position 2).
The actual preference depends on the number of times the
switch is pressed. This preference sets an equal flow rate for the
service port connectors (1) and (2). Different flow rates for the
connectors (1) and (2) can only be preset using the fine-tuning
for the limited flow rate. Once the limited flow rate has been set,
enable fine-tuning by switching the starter switch to the STOP
position.
75
Operation
Fine-tuning the limited oil flow
The fine-tuning comes in 15 stages (0 to 14). The flow rate is set using different steps. "14" represents the
maximum flow rate and "0" the minimum flow rate.
This setting can be preset differently for the connectors at the arm (1) and (2) (figure above).
Setting
The preference for a limited oil flow has been set. The starter switch is now reset to the STOP position.
It is recommended to set this preference during operation of the implement.
• Press and hold down the flow rate switch (1) and start the
engine. The following message is displayed with the digit
"1" flashing in the display.
• To adjust the right connector at the arm, either press the
working light button (1) or the service port switch (2). The
display toggles between "0" and "14", depending on the
switch pressed. Set the required value.
• Upon pressing the working light button (1) the flow rate
decreases.
• Upon pressing the service port button (2) the flow rate
increases.
76
Operation
• Press the display selector switch (1) to get the setting for
the left connector. The following message is displayed with
the digit "2" flashing in the display.
• To adjust the left connector at the arm, either press die
working light button (1) or the service port switch (2). The
display toggles between "0" and "14", depending on the
switch pressed. Set the required value.
• Upon pressing the working light button (1) the flow rate
decreases.
• Upon pressing the service port button (2) the flow rate
increases.
To change the setting of the right connector one more time, press the display selector switch
again.
• Turn the starter switch (1) to the STOP position.
When switching the starter switch to the STOP position the flow rate settings will be stored. This makes sure
that upon the next start-up the limited oil flow is switched to the last operating mode.
The figure below shows the possible preferences you can preset using the working light button and the service
port switch.
77
Operation
1. Preferences preset with the working light button
2. Preferences preset with the service port switch
78
Operation
Return change valve
The change valve has two settings.
When the "direct return flow" (3) is enabled, the return flow is
directed from the implement to the hydraulic oil tank. The return
flow is directed via the right service port connector at the arm
only.
When the "indirect return flow" (2) is enabled, the return flow is
directed from the implement to the hydraulic oil tank via the
control valve. In that case, the return flow may use the left or
right connector of the arm (depending on the service port pedal
position).
Move the ball valve (1) to the required position as shown on the sticker (see figure), depending on the action of
the implement being used (rotary or hammering).
Placing out of operation
Park the excavator in such a way that it can not roll
and is secured against unauthorised use.
• Drive the excavator on level ground. Non-cab models
should be parked under a roof.
• Operate the bucket, arm and boom swing mechanism so
that all hydraulic cylinders are extended half way.
• Lower the dozer onto the ground.
• Reduce the engine speed to idle speed and switch off the
AUTO IDLE control using the AUTO IDLE switch. The
indicator does not light up.
• Turn the starter switch (1) to the STOP position, remove the
key switch. The key switch must remain with the operator.
• Unbuckle the seat belt and raise the left control console.
79
Operation
• Check the excavator for external damage and for leaks. Any defects must be repaired before the next start.
• In case of a heavy accumulation of dirt in the area of the tracks and the hinges at the front attachments,
clean the excavator (page 104).
• Refuel the excavator, if necessary (page 88).
Cab version only
• Open the cab door by pulling up release lever (1). If the cab
door is not closed immediately afterwards, lock the door in
the cab wall.
• Close and lock the cab door. The key must remain with the
operator.
Operating the wiper/washer system
All cabin models are equipped with a wiper/washer system.
Switching on the windscreen wiper
• The starter switch is in the RUN position.
• Depress the wiper switch (1). The window wiper operates
as long as the switch remains in this position. To turn the
wiper off, press the switch in the opposite direction.
In extremely cold weather conditions, make sure the wiper rubber does not stick to the
window. This may damage the wiper rubber or the wiper motor.
Switching on the washer system
• The washer system is switched on, move the latch (figure above, position 2) at the switch, then press and
hold down the switch at the second position. The washer system operates as long as the switch remains
depressed. When the switch is released, it returns automatically to the "wiper" position.
80
Operation
Operating the room light (cab version)
• The starter switch is in the RUN position.
• To turn the light on, depress the toggle switch (1). To turn it
off, press the switch in the opposite direction.
Operating the rotary beacon
• The starter switch is in the RUN position.
• Press the rotary beacon button (1). Press the button again
to switch the beacon off.
For canopy models, the rotary beacon is available as an accessory.
Charging plug
• Open the cover cap (1) and put the load into the charging
plug.
The rated current of the plugged load must not
exceed 15 A.
81
Operation
Operating the heater (cab version)
Open the heater valve (1) by turning it anticlockwise.
In summer, the heater valve should always be kept
closed.
• The starter switch is in the RUN position.
• Turn the blower switch to the LO or HI position.
• When the engine is at operating temperature, the heater air
flows out at the air outlets under the driver's seat (1) and at
the front window (2). The direction of the air flow can be
adjusted.
In order to avoid a heat backup and therefore
damage to the ventilation system, do not cover the
outlets with objects (e.g. bags or clothing) when the
heater is in operation.
82
Operation
Opening and closing the cab door
For cab versions, read the following instructions for opening and closing the cab door.
Opening the cab door from outside
Unlock the cab door at the door lock (1).
Open the cab door by pulling at the door handle (2) and lock the
door by attaching the hook (3) at the fixture on the cab wall.
Closing the cab door
• Press down the release lever (1) and pull the cab door into
the lock.
Opening the cab door from inside
• Pull up the release lever (1) and open the door. If the cab
door is not closed immediately afterwards, lock the door in
the cab wall.
83
Operation
Opening and closing the windows
For cab versions, read the following instructions for opening and closing the front and side windows.
Front window
Always lock the front window. Do not stay in the
cab and operate the excavator with the front
window unlocked. When opening the window,
always keep both hands on the lock bars to prevent
injury by pinching or crushing.
The front window can be opened and closed from
the driver's seat.
Opening
• Press the right and left levers (figure above, position 1) inwards simultaneously and push the front window
upward in the guide rails as far as the stopper. Lock the front window at the stopper by releasing the
levers. Check that the front window is locked.
Do not release the levers pushing the front window up as the front window could suddenly rise in
an uncontrolled way and strike the operator's head. Please follow the safety instructions on the
side window.
Closing
• Press the right and left levers (1) inwards simultaneously
and push the front window forward in the guide rails as far
as the stopper. Lock the front window at the stopper by
releasing the levers. Check that the front window is locked.
84
Operation
Side window
• Pull the grip (1 or 2) to release the lock and slide the side
window forwards or backwards.
• To close the side window, slide it forward or backward until
the lock engages at the window frame.
The side window can be fixed to any position using
the locking screw (3).
Operating the working lights
• The starter switch is in the RUN position.
• Press the working light button (1). Both the working lights
and the instrument lighting are turned on.
• Press the button again to switch off.
Cold weather operation
Operating the excavator at an ambient temperature below -5°C is regarded as cold weather operation.
Necessary preparations prior to the winter season
• If necessary, replace the engine oil and hydraulic oil with those of the specified viscosities.
• Only use regular diesel fuel with winter additives. Do not mix petrol and diesel fuel.
• Check the battery's state of charge. In case of extremely low temperatures, it may be necessary to remove
the battery after work and store it in a heated room.
• Check the antifreeze strength in the cooling system (page 104). If necessary, add antifreeze until the
protection ranges from -25 °C to -40 °C.
• Apply talcum powder or silicone oil to all rubber seals at the windows, the cab door and the side window
guide rails.
• Lubricate all locks, except the starter switch, with graphite lubricant.
85
Operation
• Grease the driver's door hinges with a grease gun.
• Fill the washer system with a antifreeze window cleaner (page 88).
Operation during the winter season
• The excavator must be cleaned after work is finished (page 104). Special attention must be paid to the
crawlers, the front attachments and the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders. If the excavator is cleaned
with a water jet, it must then be parked in a dry, frost-free and well-ventilated enclosed space.
• If necessary, park the excavator on boards or mats in order to prevent freezing to the ground.
• Before starting, check if the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are free of ice to avoid damage. Also
check if the crawlers are frozen to the ground. If so, do not take the excavator into operation.
Be careful when mounting and dismounting, the crawler could be slippery.
• Do not put a load on the excavator immediately after starting. Before you start working with the front
attachments, warm up the excavator until the operating temperature is reached. Do not warm up the
excavator at standing position.
Jump-starting the excavator
Only a vehicle or starting device with a 12V power supply may be used.
The operator must remain seated on the driver's place, the battery jumper cables must be
connected by a second person.
• Make the battery accessible, and remove the positive terminal cover.
• Position the other vehicle or starting machine beside the excavator.
Only use cables with an appropriate cross section
as jumper cables.
• Connect the positive terminal of the excavator battery with
the positive terminal of the helping vehicle (see figure).
• Connect the negative terminal of the helping vehicle to the
frame of the excavator. Do not use the negative terminal of
the excavator battery. The connecting point on the frame
must be blank and clean.
• Start the helping vehicle and let it run at a higher idle speed.
• Start the excavator and let it run. Check if the charge lamp turns off after starting.
86
Operation
• Disconnect the jumper cable at the frame of the excavator first, and then at the negative terminal of the
helping vehicle.
• Disconnect the second jumper cable from the positive terminal of the excavator battery first, and then from
the positive terminal of the helping vehicle.
• Refit the positive terminal cover on the excavator battery and install the cover and rubber mat.
• If the jumper cables will be required for the next start of the excavator, check the battery and the
alternator's charging circuit, contact skilled personnel, if necessary.
Emergency stop functions
In an emergency, you can switch off the engine and lower the boom manually.
Manual engine stop
If the engine cannot be stopped with the key, it can be stopped
manually.
• To stop the engine, push the lever (1) upwards.
The excavator may only be taken back into
operation after the malfunction has been
eliminated.
Manual lowering of the boom
The boom and arm can be lowered in case of an engine failure or if malfunctions occur in the hydraulic system.
• The starter switch is in the RUN position.
• If necessary, lower the boom and the arm with the control lever as described in the "Operating the controls
during excavation work" section (page 68).
Make sure nobody is standing in the lowering area before starting the emergency lowering
procedure.
The lowering function is available only for a short time, as it is controlled by the accumulator in
the hydraulic system. The cylinders extend or retract by force of gravity.
87
Operation
Filling up the washer system
• Open the washer system reservoir and add water or a cleaning agent.
In winter, use a cleaning agent with antifreeze.
Filling up the excavator
When refuelling the excavator, smoking, an open flame, or other sources of ignition are not
allowed. The danger zone must be marked with signs. A fire extinguisher must be kept at hand in
the danger zone.
Spilled fuel must be bound immediately with an oil binding agent. The contaminated oil binding
agent must be disposed of in accordance with the applicable environmental regulations.
If no pumping station is available, the diesel fuel may only be stored in approved canisters.
Refuel the excavator in time so that the fuel tank is not running empty. Air in the fuel system can
damage the fuel injection pump.
• Stop the engine.
• Unlock the filler cap (1) and open it by swivelling it
anticlockwise.
• Fill diesel fuel up to the base of the filler tube.
• Screw in the filler cap and lock it.
Bleeding the fuel system
If the excavator fuel tank was run empty or the water separator was cleaned, the fuel system
must be bled.
• To bleed the fuel system, move the starter switch to the RUN position. The electrical fuel pump will bleed
the fuel system automatically within approx. 60 s.
88
Operation
Replacing the fuses
Defective fuses may only be replaced with fuses of the same type and same rating.
The bypassing of fuses, for example with a wire, is not allowed.
If the malfunction can not be remedied by replacing
the fuse, or if the fuse blows again when starting,
contact skilled personnel.
The fuse layout of the fuse box with their rating is
indicated on the cover (1) below the driver's seat.
The excavator's main fuse is positioned next to the battery, and the alternator circuit fuse is
mounted in the engine compartment in front of the alternator.
• Unlock the cover (figure above, position 1) and lower it down.
• Remove the defective fuse from the fuse box (1) and
replace it.
• The fuse layout is shown in the next figure.
• The main fuse (3) is positioned next to the main battery, and
the alternator circuit fuse (2) is mounted in the engine
compartment in front of the alternator.
89
Operation
Fuse layout of the fuse box
The following description does not apply to the excavator type KX101-3α2.
Installing and uninstalling the driver's seat
The seat cushions can be removed for cleaning or replacement.
The backrest is given as an example.
• Fold the backrest forward.
• Open the clips (1) and swivel them so that the clips go
through the backrest. Remove the backrest cushion.
The backrest can be cleaned with suds.
90
Operation
Opening and closing the engine compartment cover
• Insert the key switch (1) in the lock of the engine
compartment cover, turn it anti-clockwise, then depress the
lock.
• Open the engine compartment cover and lift it up. The
engine compartment cover will stay in the open position due
to the stay.
• To close the engine compartment cover, depress the lock.
Insert the key switch into the lock and turn clockwise to lock
the engine compartment cover.
Removing and installing the left engine compartment cover
• Remove the filler cap (6) and re-attach it immediately after
removing the left engine compartment cover (2).
• Remove the mounting screws (1, 3 and 5). Do not remove
the mounting screw (4).
• Remove the left engine compartment cover.
• To mount, remove the filler cap and attach the left engine
compartment cover.
• Attach the filler cap and tighten the fastening screws.
Opening and closing the valve chamber cover
• Open the engine compartment cover (page 91).
• Open the turnbuckle (1) and pull up the valve chamber
cover.
91
Operation
• Shut the valve chamber cover using the lock (1).
• To close, release the valve chamber cover, pull down to close and lock it using the turnbuckle.
• Close the engine compartment cover.
Replacing the bucket
There are two people required to replace the bucket. One person operates the excavator, and
the other one mounts the bucket. The operator must be capable of operating the excavator
according to the personnel qualification (page 11).
The person who mounts the front must command-guide the movements of the front end
attachments. The operator should move the front end attachments only according to the
commands of the person who mounts the bucket. A continuous intervisibility between both
persons is indispensable. If there is no intervisibility, stop working immediately.
When replacing the bucket, make sure to wear an eye protection, a helmet and protective gloves.
During attaching and detaching, chippings and burrs may occur at the bolts or bushings. These
may cause severe injuries.
Never use your fingers for the alignment of the components (linkage, bucket, arm). The
components may sever your fingers by uncontrolled movements.
92
Operation
Anti-theft system
The excavator is equipped with an anti-theft system that restricts the engine to be started using a registered
key only. If a registered key gets lost or stolen, you can invalidate it. This will prevent the engine from being
started with this key, thus protecting the vehicle against theft.
The vehicle comes with two different types of key:
Black (individual) key
• This key is used to start the engine.
• The engine can be started by inserting the key and turning it
to the START position.
• To be able to start the engine with a black key, it must be
registered using the red key.
The engine can be started only with a key that was registered for the particular vehicle.
The scope of delivery includes two black keys, among them a spare key. The two black keys
have already been registered. Up to four keys can be registered.
Red key (for registering)
• If one of the black keys is lost, another black key can be registered using the red key (page 94).
• The engine can not be started with the red key.
The key system
• If a registered key is lost, the second and new black key must be re-registered. This procedure locks the
lost or stolen black key, which can no longer be used to start the engine.
• If the red key is lost, the black keys can no longer be re-registered. Be sure to keep the red key in a secure
location (such as a safe in the office). Never leave the key inside the machine. If it should get lost
nevertheless, please contact your authorised dealer immediately.
• Do not use several of these keys in a bunch. This could lead to electrical interfering frequencies which
might prevent the motor from starting.
• After receiving the set of keys, separate them from each other. Always make sure the keys are not part of
a bunch. If one of the black keys, for example, is inserted into the starter switch, the red key might be
detected by the electronic system. This might lead to a failure of the electronic system.
• Messages in the display can be shown in 11 languages.
Your KUBOTA dealer can assist you in your language selection.
93
Operation
• If you erroneously attempt to register a black key that has
already been registered, the display will show the "Already
registered" message. This means that registration can not
be done.
• If you attempt to register a fifth black key, the display will
show the "Can't register any more" message. This means
that the registration can not be done.
Registering a black key for the machine
Register a black key only under the following conditions:
Make sure that there are no persons within the excavator's working area. It is essential to warn
persons in the vicinity of the excavator by briefly blowing the horn.
Make sure that all operational controls are in neutral position.
Starting the excavator is only allowed when the operator is sitting on the driver's seat.
Do not allow the engine to run indoors, unless the room is equipped with an exhaust gas
extraction system or otherwise well ventilated. The exhaust gas contains carbon monoxide, a
colourless, odourless and fatal gas.
94
Operation
1. Insert red key into the starter switch.
Do not turn the key at this point. If the key is in the
RUN position, turn it back to the STOP position.
2. Press the display selector switch.
3. The display shows the "Register mode - pull out red key"
message.
4. Pull out the red key.
5. The display shows the "Register mode - insert key" message.
6. Insert black key into the starter switch.
Do not turn the key at this point. If the key is in the
RUN position, turn it back to the STOP position.
7. The display shows the blinking "Register mode - insert key"
message.
8. After a brief moment, the display shows the "Finish - pull out
black key" message. This message indicates that the black
key was registered for the given vehicle.
9. Once the black key is pulled out of the starter switch, the display will show the "Finish - pull out black key"
message.
Follow steps 5 to 8 to register a spare key. Up to four black keys can be registered.
10. Turn the key to the RUN position to finish the registration procedure.
11. One after the other, insert all registered black keys into the starter switch and check whether the engine
can be started using these keys.
If a registered black key switch is lost, the other black key switches must be re-registered. This
procedure locks the lost or stolen black key, which can no longer be used to start the engine.
95
Troubleshooting
TROUBLESHOOTING
The troubleshooting section includes only malfunctions and incorrect operations which must be remedied by
the operator. Any other malfunctions may only be eliminated by trained personnel. The troubleshooting must be
performed with the aid of the troubleshooting table. In order to locate a malfunction, first look in the
MALFUNCTION column for the corresponding excavator malfunction. In the POSSIBLE CAUSE column you
will find the possible causes for the malfunction. The REPAIR column indicates the required remedial measure.
If the fault can not be remedied by the measure indicated in the REPAIR column, consult trained personnel.
Safety rules for troubleshooting
Adhere to the general safety rules (page 13) and the safety rules for operation (page 49).
The operator is not allowed to open the electrical and hydraulic system. These services are reserved for trained
personnel.
During troubleshooting, the safety on and around the excavator must always be ensured.
If troubleshooting of the excavator calls for the bucket being raised, the operator may not stand in the area of
the front attachments unless the front attachments are secured against inadvertent lowering by suitable
measures.
Troubleshooting: pre-operational services
Malfunction Possible Cause Repair
Start-up
No function available when the
Main fuse at battery defective Replace the main fuse (page 89).
starter switch is turned to the RUN
position
Indicator lights do not come on as
Defective fuse Replace the fuses (page 89).
expected when the starter switch is
turned to the RUN position
Starter does not turn when the
starter switch is turned to the
START position
Engine does not start when the
starter switch is turned to the
START position, but starter turns
Control lever lock not raised Raise the control lever lock.
Air in the fuel system Check the fuel system for leaks
Water in the fuel system Check the water separator for
Charge the battery (page 118). Battery depleted
Jump-start the excavator
(page 86).
and bleed it (page 88).
water content, drain if necessary
(page 54).
96
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting: operation
Malfunction Possible Cause Repair
Operation
Exhaust gas colour very black Air filter restricted Check and clean the air filter
(page 109).
Insufficient engine power
Coolant temperature gauge in the
"H" zone
The Charge message displays
Deviation in driving direction of
excavator
No pilot-controlled hydraulic
functions available
Power of hydraulic functions is too
low or disruptive
Travel speed button does not work Defective fuse in fuse box Replace the fuses (page 89).
Heater fan, wiper/washer system,
room light, horn, working light not
operating
Air filter restricted Check and clean the air filter
(page 109).
Fuel filter restricted or water in fuel
system
Radiator dirty Clean the radiator (page 105).
Low coolant level Check the coolant level, add
Cooling system components
leaking
V-belt too loose Check and adjust the V-belt
V-belt too loose Check and adjust the V-belt
Defective Fuse in alternator circuit Replace the fuses (page 89).
Crawler tension adjusted
incorrectly
Defective fuse in fuse box Replace the fuses (page 89).
Hydraulic oil level too low Check hydraulic oil level and top
Suction filter restricted Change the hydraulic oil tank
Defective fuse in fuse box Replace the fuses (page 89).
Check the water separator for
water content, drain if necessary
(page 54), replace the fuel filter
(page 110).
coolant, if necessary (page 104).
Check the cooling system for leaks
(page 108).
tension (page 105).
tension (page 105).
Check and adjust the crawler
tension, if necessary (page 121).
up, if necessary (page 114).
suction filter (page 113).
97
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting: display indications
Display Colour Problem/Error Preliminary
- - - - • The key is
- - - - • The key is part
No display
(warning light flashes)
Measure
Yellow • No fuel. - - Refill.
Red • Oil pressure too
Red • Faulty battery
low.
charger circuit
• Charging error.
Stop the engine
immediately.
Check V-belt.
When the V-belt is
OK, let the engine
run until indicator
goes out.
Red • Defective starter. Jump-start the
Yellow • Starting
procedure with
engine.
Engine does not
start up.
lowered control
console.
Yellow • Maintenance
Yellow • Wrong key
- - • Try starting the
due.
switch.
engine with the
Engine does not
start.
- - Run the
- - Use correct key.
red key (for
registration).
Engine does not
attached to a
start.
metal object
(such as a key
ring).
- - Detach the proper
of a bunch of
keys.
Red • Short circuit in
the sensor
Working lights light
up.
power source.
Solution
Engine may be
defective.
Immediately contact
skilled personnel.
If the indicator does
not go out, contact
skilled personnel.
If the indicator still
comes on after the
external ignition,
contact skilled
personnel.
Lift the control
console and repeat
the starting
procedure.
maintenance
procedure.
Try starting the
engine with the
black key.
Remove the metal
object and retry.
key and retry.
Contact skilled
personnel.
98
Maintenance
MAINTENANCE
The Maintenance section includes all care and maintenance tasks to be performed with the excavator.
A careful maintenance of the excavator will guarantee functional safety and longer service life.
Neglect of the servicing or the use of non-genuine parts will void the warranty and any liability by KUBOTA.
Safety rules for maintenance
• Maintenance, cleaning and care activities may only be carried out if the excavator is fully shut down. The
excavator must be secured against starting by removal of the key switch.
• The bucket must always be lowered to the ground for servicing.
• If damage is detected during maintenance and care activities, the excavator may only be taken into
operation after the damage has been repaired. Repairs may only be carried out by trained personnel.
• When carrying out maintenance and care activities, always make sure that the excavator is secured and
stable.
• When working on the fuel system, smoking, open flames and the operation of other ignition sources are
not allowed. The danger zone must be marked with signs. A fire extinguisher must be kept at hand in the
danger zone.
• All waste materials must be discarded in accordance with environmental protection regulations.
• Use the maintenance and care materials listed in the "Recommended lubricants" section (page 127).
• When working on the electrical system, disconnect it from the voltage source before starting the work. The
work may only be carried out by technicians with electrical training.
• Always use a ladder or a scaffold if the work cannot be reached by the operator.
• The controls may only be used while the operator is sitting on the driver's seat.
Personnel requirements
• The operator may only carry out cleaning and care activities.
• The servicing may only be performed by trained personnel.
99
Maintenance
General maintenance chart: 50 to 500 hours of operation
Operator servicing
Check the engine oil level
Check the hydraulic oil level
Check the fuel level
Check the coolant level
Lubricate front-end
attachments
Check the V-belt
Check the water separator
Tracks and chassis: clean,
visually inspect and check the
tension
Lubricate the swivel gear
Check, clean the air filter 1.)
Check nuts and bolts
Elapsed hours of operation
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Interval Page
❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍
❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍
❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
daily 52
daily 54
daily 57
daily 52
daily 55
daily 53
daily 54
weekly
(50 h)
50 h 120
50 h 109
100 h 125
121
General maintenance
Grease the pitch bearing
Check the battery electrolyte
level
Drain water from the fuel
reservoir
1.) Under dusty conditions the air filter must be cleaned more frequently or replaced.
❍
❍
200 h 120
500 h 117
❍
500 h 111
❍
100
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