Kenwood TS-780 User Manual

You are the owner of our latest This unit has been carefully engineered and manufactured to rigid quality Standards,

and should give you satisfactory and dependable Operation for many years.

We suggest that you read this instruction manual carefully from cover to cover to insure

the maximum Performance and trouble-free Operation of your new model TS-780.

Save the shipping box and

remote Operation, maintenance, or Service.

product

packing

the new TS-780 Duo Band Transceiver.

in the event your unit needs to be transported for

CONTENTS

SPECIFICATIONS

1. FEATURES ................................................................................................

2. BEFORE USING

3. CONTROLS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

4. PRELIMINARY.. OPERATING

6. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

TROUBLESHOOTING

BLOCK DIAGRAM.. ..........................................................................................

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

BOTTOM INTERNAL VIEWS.....................................................................

TOP

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INSTRUCTIONS

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2 3 4

.1 1

1 .22 .23

.27

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TS-780 SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL

Frequency Range.. .....................................

Mode ........................................................ SSB (USB, LSB), CW, FM

Antenna impedance ..................................

Voltage Requirements ................................

Power Consumption

Backup current (Battery)

Semiconductor Complement.. ..................... ..Transistors:

Dimensions.. .............................................

Weight.. ................................................... .lO.l kg (22.2

.................................... Receive (no Signal): 45 Watts (220 V AC), 1.2 A (13.8 V DC)

............................

.144.0~

430.0 ~ 440.0 MHz

..5 0 9 (144 MHz, 430 MHz) ..22 0 V AC,

13.8 V

Transmit: 130 Watts (220 V AC), 5 A (1 3.8 V DC)

..Les s than 10

FETs: 35 ICs: Diodes: 195

.290

(1 1

146.0 MHz

50/60.

DC&l5%

149

(W) x 124 (H) x 322 (D) mm

“-7/16)x (4”.7/8)x (12”-5/8)

Ibs)

TRANSMITTER SECTION

RF Power Output

Modulation ............................................... .SSB:

Maximum frequency deviation (FM) ...............f 5 kHz

Carrier Suppression ..................................... Better than 40 dB

Unwanted Sideband Suppression .................. .Better than 40 dB

Spurious Radiation .................................... ..Bette r than- 60 dB

Microphone AF Response of Transmitter (SSB)

Repeater Frequency Shift-............................. 600 kHz or + 600 kHz

RPT Tone Frequency

........................................

Impedance

...............................

...................................1 7 50 Hz

................

SSB, CW, FM: 10 Watts FM (LOW): Approx. 1 watt

Balanced modulation

FM: Variable reactance frequency shift

,500 ~

600

.400~

2600 Hz (- 9 dB)

(144.0~

-7.6 MHz or - 1.6 MHz (430.0-440.0 MHz)

146.0 MHz)

RECEIVER SECTION

Receiver

Intermediate Frequency .............................. .l st: 30.865 MHz

Squelch Sensitivity.. ...................................

Audio Output ............................................

Receiver

Circuit and ratings are subject to Change without notice for improvement.

Sensitivity

Selectivity

....................................

.................................... .SSB, CW: 2.2 kHz (-6 dB)

.SSB, CW:

FM: 1 yV for 30 dB (S + N)/N

2nd: 10.695 MHz 3rd: 455 kHz (FM only)

.O. 1

6 yV (At threshold)

.2.0

Watts (with less than

FM: 14 kHz (-6 dB)

0.2 yV for 10 dB (S + N)/N

0.2 yV for 12 dB SINAD

4.8 kHz

30 kHz (- 60 dB)

10% distortion) into an 8 ohm load

(-60

dB)

SECTION 1. FEATURES

1. 144/430 transceiver.

0 8 bit microprocessor controlled VFO and full variety of

auxiliary functions.

0 FM circuitry based on KENWOOD’s advanced

technology and outstanding SSB quality.

0 Buit-in VOX. 0 Buit-in side tone and CW circuitry capable of semi-

break-in Operation.

0 Adoption of power module in the transmitter final Stage

for dependable Operation on both bands.

2. Built-in digital display that indicates operating frequency in all modes.

0 Digital display equipped with easy-to-read green

Phosphor tubes.

0 7-digit digital display that directly reads down to

100 Hz.

0 Frequency indicator that reads out carrier positions

when mode of Operation is changed.

0 Two VFO’s (A and BI are built into the transmitter for

more enjoyable Operation such as “Cross-frequency”

Operation.

0 Buit-in 1 0-channel memory circuit stores operating fre-

quencies and bands. Two channels (CH9 and CH10) can be called out by using CALL channel switch.

0 Easy-to-read display indicated 2 VFO’s ( R, b ), memory

channels ( 1

0 Display function that clears frequency below 1 kHz in

FM-CH.

3. Dependable electrical and mechanical functions

0 VFO frequencies are switchable in 2 Speeds, SLOW (in

12.5 kHz, FM-CH) and FAST (in 5 kHz, FM-CH).

0 VFO knob equipped with variable torque mechanism. 0 Pushbutton band select switched (UP and DOWN) that

shift up and shift down frequency between 144 MHz and 440 MHz in 12 bands at 1 MHz intervals.

0 Wide band design for both transmitter and receiver that

eliminates the need for tuning the RF circuits.

0 Panel layout based on human engineering.

0 Full variety of indicating functions to check operating

conditions (OFFSET, ON AIR, BUSY, F.LOCK, RIT, F.STEP).

0 Amplified type AGC and ALC circuits that maintain

receive and transmit Outputs at constant distortion.

MHz, all mode (FM, SSB (USB, LSB), CW)

-~8 )

and priority channels ( c and c

level

)

without

4. A multitude of auxiliary functions for more enjoyable Operation.

0 The use of RAM memory System enables any given fre-

quencies to be stored in or cleared. (IO memory chan-

nels).

0 Built-in back-up battery holder to keep data stored at all

times.

0 Built-in memory

and 430 MHz.

0 RIT circuit function on VFO, memory channels and

priority channels.

0 Adoption of frequency lock circuit. 0 A repeater shift circuit is provided, and the shift width

on the 144 MHz band is - 600 kHz or + 600 kHz, and

that on the 430 MHz band is - 7.6 MHz or - 1.6 MHz,

which may be selected as required. The tone frequency

is 1,750 kHz. In the event of off band, the digital

display goes out and transmission is halted.

0 KENWOOD’s unique noise blanker (NB) circuit to

eliminate pulse type noise.

0 Four-function meter serves as S meter, RF meter, ALC

meter and Center meter.

0 RF power HIGH/LOW selecting function provides conve-

nience in transmission with

0 Auxiliary (AUX) socket.

5. Designed for fixed and mobile Station Services.

0 ACIDC 2-way power Operation. 0 Equipped with a grip for carrying convenience. 0 Sufficient AF output power (2.5 0 Built-in large sized speaker (7.5 cm). External speaker

connecting

jack.

scan

for selection between 144 MHz

local

stations in FM.

W/4

9).

2-l. ACCESSORIES

The following accessory items are included with the

unit.

Instruction manual ......................... .l copy

Fuse 2A (AC)

............................... .2 pieces

2-2. OPERATING LOCATION

As with any solid state equipment, the TS-780 should

be kept from extremes of heat and humidity. Choose an

operating location that is dry and cool, and avoid operating the unit in direct sunlight.

7A (DC) ............................... .2 pieces

Foot (with screws) ......................... .2 pieces

Speaker plug ................................. .l piece

DIN

plug

....................................... .l piece

AC power cord DC power cord

.............................. .l piece

Microphone .................................. .l piece

2-3. CABLING FOR ANTENNA, POWER SUPPLY AND OTHERS

430 MHz

144 MHz

Check for correct

Connection of electric key

L-

. Key

For CW Operation, connect the key through a phone plug. Use shielded cable.

polarity

Extemal speaker

A speaker is included in the unit. If you wish to use an extemal speaker, connect it by using the supplied speaker plug. A communication-use (lowlhigh cut typel speaker rated at 4-B ohms is recommended. The Option speaker (SP-71) is designed to perfectly match the characteristics of the TS-780. Plugging in an external

speaker will automatically disconnect the built-in speaker. DO not connect the speaker to the PHONES jack, as this jack has a level adjusting resistor.

Ground

To prevent electric shock, TVI and BCI, select a good grounding location: Connect the unit to the ground using a heavy earth

line

and an appropriate earthing rod.

The earth

ble

line

should be as short as possi-

Power supply connection

The power cord has a 4P ing tab. When connecting the squeeze the locking tab to ensure that it properly fits in place. To disconnect the Cord, squeeze the locking tab again until if is released from the locked Position.

plug

with a lock-

Cord,

Extemal speaker

SP-71

Connection of speaker plug

When connecting an extemal speaker, be

type and should be as short as possible to

prevent RF from being induced.

Power supply

The unit is designed to operate on AC ching between AC and DC is accomplished by replacing the power cord (DC power cord is optional.) When connecting the power to observe the following Points:

1. Turn off the power switch and set the standby switch to REC position.

2. When replacing the power (or

battery) with care. Failure to observe the above procedure might result in electric shock or darnage to the

unit.

Cord,

(220

V) or DC (13.8 V). Swit-

Cord,

be sure

disconnect it from the AC supply

F. LOCK Indicator

BUSY Indicator

ON AIR Indicator

OFFSET Indicator

Meter

TX-OFFSET Switch

REV (Reverse) Switch

TONE Switch

LOW POWER Switch NB

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23

24 25 26

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

39 40

(noise

Meter Switch VOX Switch Standby Switch POWER Switch MIC Connector PHONES Jack MODE Switch PRIO.

TIGHT Level

F. STEP Indicator Tuning Knob FUNCTION Switch MEMORY Selector

SSB MIC RIT Indicator RIT Control IF SHIFT Knob SQUELCH Control SCAN-W AF GAIN Control RF GAIN Control F. STEP Switch RIT Switch SCAN Switch HOLD M. S Switch BAND Switch

M (Memory) Switch F. LOCK Switch M.

Switch

blanker) Switch

M Switch

(Memory

Recall)

3-l. FRONT PANEL

F. LOCK Indicator

This indicator will light when the LOCK switch is turned ON

(VFO frequency is locked).

2 BUSY Indicator

This indicator lights when the squelch is open in FM or.FM-

CH receive mode, allowing the Operator to check whether

the other Station is transmitting.

3 ON AIR Indicator This indicator will light during transmission.

4 OFFSET Indicator

This indicator lights when the TX OFFSET switch is set to the D - A or D - B Position for repeater Operation.

5 Meter This meter has four functions,

the meter select switch. RFIS:

The meter serves as “S” meter indicating the strength of received from 1 to 10 (FM), or 1 to 9,

9+40

dB (SSB

each

being selected by using

Signal

on a scale graduated

9+20

CW).

dB and

During transmission, the meter indicates RF

output.

ALC/CEN: In FM receive mode (MODE switch in FM, FM-

CH position), the meter functions as a Center meter. Turn the VFO knob to your desired receive

Signal

until the meter pointer is centered. In other operating mode (SSB,

CW),

the meter indicates the transmitter ALC voltage. In SSB Operation, adjust the MIC gain control so that the meter pointer deflects within the ALC zone

on the scale. In CW Operation,

adjust

the CAR.

L knob.

6 TX-OFFSET Switch This switch is used to shift the TX frequency from the RX frequency for repeater Operation. After the repeater operation, it should be set to the SIMP Position; the TX frequency will coincide with the RX frequency. In case of Off-band, the frequency is not shifted and the transceiver is set in simplex mode.

7 REV (Reverse) Switch This switch is used to check repeater input depressing the switch, the TX and RX frequencies are

reversed. To reverse the frequencies once again, set the transceiver in transmit mode while holding the switch in the depressed Position.

8 TONE Switch Tone oscillator switch which makes 1750 Hz FM wave when pressed in FM mode only.

9 LOW POWER Switch Set this switch to LOW Position and the FM transmit output is reduced to about 1 Watt. Use the switch for FM mode only. (This switch has no effect on SSB and CW mode.)

10 NB (noise blanker) Switch Use this switch during SSB or CW Operation to reduce pulse ignition type noise from automobiles, etc. This is very useful when receiving weak Signals. (This switch will not function in FM mode.)

Signal.

16 PHONES Jack

This headphone

8-l 6 ohms impedance. Connect KENWOOD headphones HS-4, 5 or 6 available as an optional accessory.

A stereo headphones may also be connected.

17 MODE Switch In FM-CH mode, the VFO frequency is switched in 20/10

kHz Steps.

In FM, LSB, USB or CW mode, the VFO frequency is swit-

ched in

18 PRIO. M Switch Depress the PRIO. M

channel 9CH. Depres the [IO] switch to These memory channels are preset to 145.000.0 and

433.000.0, respectively, but can be set to any desired frequencies.

19 TIGHT lever

This lever is used to increase the torque of the VFO dial knob so that the knob can not be rotated by external shock.

20/200

jack

allows use of a set of headphones of

Hz Steps.

191

switch to

call

out the memory

call

out the 1 OCH.

11 Meter switch

By using this switch, the meter functions as an S meter, ALC meter or CEN (Center) meter. Note: When the switch is set to the ALC/CEN Position

during FM transmission, the meter functions as an

RF meter but the meter pointer deflection will be

slightly deviated.

Meter functions

RF/S

ALC/CEN

12 VOX Switch This switch is used for voice operated transmission on FM or SSB, or semi-break-in Operation on CW (set to VOX posi-

tion). lt is also used in combination with the standby switch

or microphone PTT switch (set to MAN position).

13 Standby Switch Set this switch to the down Position for reception, and to

the up Position for transmission. By pressing the microphone PTT switch, the unit automatically shifts from reception to transmission.

14 POWER Switch

The power to the unit is turned ON by setting the power switch to the up Position, and turned OFF at the down tion.

15 MIC Connector

Connector for microphone up/down input and PTT circuit.

CEN

/ OlZel / ’ / ALC

SSB/CW

posi-

20 F. STEP Indicator

This indicator will light when the F. STEP switch (32) is

ON.

21 Tuning Knob

Turn this knob to select

22 FUNCTION Switch This function switch

transceive functions. Normally It should be set to the

or “B” Position.

A-R: For VFO A Operation during reception and for VFO B

Operation during transmission.

A: For VFO A Operation.

8: For VFO B Operation. 8-R: For VFO B Operation during reception, and for VFO A

Operation during transmission.

23 MEMORY Selector

This switch selects any of the memory channels l-l OCH.

Use the switch when frequencies are stored in the memory channels or the stored frequencies are called out in the ON Position of the RM switch. The channels nels [9] and [IO]. These channels are preset to

145.000.0 MHz and 433.000.0 MHz, respectively.

24 SSB MIC This control adjusts the gain of the microphone amplifier during SSB Operation. Adjust it so that the ALC meter does not deflect beyond the ALC Zone.

25 RIT Indicator This indicator will light when the RIT switch (33) is ON.

(9)

and ( IO] are common to the priority chan-

your desired frequency.

selects one of the following

“A”

26 RIT Control 36 M. S Switch With the RIT switch ON, the RIT knob allows the Operator to vary the receive frequency by about f 1.5 kHz without affecting the transmit frequency. The Center Position “0” is RIT-OFF.

27 IF SHIFT Knob

By using this control, the IF crystal filter Center frequency can be shifted + 1 kHz, allowing adjustment of tone quality, or eliminating interference from adjacent frequencies.

For normal Operation, this control should be set to the

Center “0” Position (detent).

28 SQUELCH Control Turning this control clockwise during FM mode will

activate the squelch circuit.

29 SCAN-W This switch is used to select the and 10 MHz).

30 AF GAIN Control This control adjusts the gain of the receiver audio amplifier. Clockwise rotation will increase the output

31 RF GAIN Control For adjusting the RF amplifier gain of the receiver. The gain

is minimum at the extreme counterclockwise Position. Normally, this control is set in its extreme clockwise Position.

scan

width (0.5, 1, 3, 5

level

This switch selects and scans the frequency stored in the memory channel. by setting the transceiver in transmit mode.

37 BAND Switch For selecting the band to be operated. By pressing the UP switch, the frequency is stepped up band by band. When the DOWN switch is pressed, the frequency is stepped down band by band. In either case, the band is switched in 1 MHz Steps.

38 M (Memory) Switch This switch is used to store the desired frequency in the memory channel. When the switch is depressed, an oscillation Sound is heard, indicating that the frequency is stored in the memory channel.

39 F. LOCK Switch

This switch switch ON, the VFO frequency remains unchanged even when the tuning knob, BAND switch or MIC UP/DOWN switch is manipulated. This feature is useful when operating the transceiver on the same frequency for many

hours, or when it is used for mobile Operation. The RIT switch can be used even in the ON Position of the

F. LOCK switch. The F. LOCK indicator will light when the

F. LOCK switch is ON.

locks

Scan

is released by the HOLD switch or

(144-145

the operating frequency of VFO. With the

MHz or

430-439

MHz)

32 F. STEP Switch By using this switch, the VFO frequency is varied at a slow

or fast

can be checked on the F. STEP indicator.

33 RIT Switch

This push switch turns the RIT (Receiver Increment Tuning) circuit ON and OFF. With the switch depressed, the circuit is activated and the RIT indicator is illuminated. The RIT circuit is turned OFF when the switch is out.

34 SCAN Switch This switch turns ON and OFF the VFO VFO frequency is scanned at the

F. STEP switch. The switch is also used for re-scanning of M. S (memory scan) or for scanning at busy stop.

35 HOLD This switch is used to stop

Speed

as shown below. The operating conditions

SSB.CW,FM

FM - CH

F. STEP

OFF ON

20 Hz 200 Hz

12.5 kHz 5 kHz

scan

circuit. The

Speed

selected by the

scan

Operation.

40 M. R (Memory Recalll Switch Memory channel is called out when this switch is turned

ON. For the channels in which frequencies are not stored, the corresponding channel numbers are indicated.

3-2. REAR PANEL

430 MHz ANT (antenna) Connector IN type)

For connection of the 430 MHz band antenna.

2 144 MHz ANT (antenna) Connector (M type) For connection of the 144 MHz band antenna.

3 Heat Sink Dissipates heat from the final Stage transistors and power supply transistors.

4 CW KEY Jack

This

jack

is used for operating the transceiver in CW mode.

Connect a telegraph key using a 2P plug.

5 SP (Extemal Speaker) Jack Connect an external speaker of 4-8 ohms impedance using

the supplied plug.

430 MHz ANT

connectorpI

@ CW KEY jack

- @

SP jack

- @

AUX socket

144 MHz ANT

eat sink

@PTT Switch

connector-

DELAY (DELAY TIME) control

@VOX-G (VOX GAIN) control

UP-DOWN Switch

rier level) control

FM.MIC control

ery case for backup

ONE (Side tonel

ANTI-V (ANTI VOX)

- @

Power connector

- @

GND terminal

@ Fuse holder

9 Fuse Holder A 2A fuse. When it blows, check the

Cause

and replace

with the spare supplied.

3-3. INTERNAL VIEW

CAR. L (Carrier Level) Control This control adjusts the carrier level in CW mode. lt does not function in other modes. Use the control within ALC zone.

2 FM-MIC Control

This control adjusts the sensitivity of the microphone dur-

ing FM transmission.

3 SIDE TONE Control

This control adjusts the monitoring level of side tone during

CW Operation.

the

6 AUX socket This connector is used for controlling a linear amplifier, etc., or for external standby. For connection, use the supplied 7P plug (DIN

Power Connector (AC and DC)

type).

For connection of the supplied AC power cord or the

specified DC power cord (DC 13.8 V).

8 GND (earth) Terminal For connection of an earth lead.

4 VOX-G Control This control adjusts the sensitivity of the VOX controlled

Operation.

5 DELAY (Delay Time) Control

This control adjusts the VOX time constant. Adjust it

according to the

Speed

of Speech.

6 ANTI-V (ANTI VOX) Control

This control is used to adjust the VOX System so that it is

not tripped by Sound from the speaker.

7 Back-up Battery Case Load battery into the case to back-up memory channels. Battery will last for about 1 year.

3-4 MICROPHONE

PTT Switch Press-to-talk switch for transmission.

2 UP-DOWN Switch

This switch is used to shift the VFO frequency up or down.

1. ANTENNA

The Performance of the transceiver depends upon the

type of antenna to be used. To ensure the maximum perfor-

mance of the TS-780, select a suitable antenna and adjust it for the best condition.

Common Antenna for

144/430

MHz Operation

The TS-780 is designed so that two different transmit Outputs (144 and 430 MHz) are supplied to individual antennas. Use of individual antennas is recommanded as it simplifies the antenna matching and minimizes the loss cuased by antenna. However, if it is desired to use a com-

mon antenna, available from market, because of installa-

tion conditions, etc.,

it should be properly adjusted and connected by carefully following the instruction manual furnished with the antenna. An example of connection of a common antenna is illustrated in Fig. 4. Notes:

1. A common antenna should be connected through a dividing filter (some types of common antenna have built-in dividing filter).

2. An antenna selector (up to 430 MHz) may be used in lieu of a dividing filter.

3. Never attempt to connect a common antenna without using a dividing filter.

Antennas for fixed Station Operation should be installed observing the following three conditions:

l Selection of Antenna

Choose an antenna suitable for the purpose of use, budget and installation location. In general, a beam antenna such as Yagi antenna is

suitable for Operation with DX stations or a specific station, and a ground plane omnidirectional antenna for Operation with

local

stations. In the case of Yagi antennas, use of a stacked type antenna as shown in Fig. 5 will provide excellent directivity and RF gain.

l Installation Location

For satisfactory DX Operation, the antenna should be in-

stalled as high as possible. An example of a good

tion for the installation of antenna is on a hill such as

loca-

illustrated in Fig. 6, “A” Station. Installing as antenna in such a high location allows reception of many stations; however, this often creates a possibility of radio interference. Therefore, it is recommended that a stacked type directional Yagi antenna be used for satisfactory DX Operation.

The “A” Station on the tion than the

“B”

hill

provides better transceive opera-

Station if the same type of antenna is used.

144 MHz cable

TS-780

430 MHz cable

Dividing filter

Antenna cable

Fig. 4 Connection of Common Antenna

Type of Antenna

Choose a proper antenna according to whether it is used for fixed Station or mobile Station Operation. For fixed station Operation, a Yagi antenna (directional type) or a ground

plane antenna (omnidirectional type) is recommended.

Ground plane antenna (omnidirectional)

Directlon of beam

“A”

and “C” stations are transmitting with the same

frequency, while

the Signal. In this case, radio interference is very little.

However, if “E” Station is transmitting with the Same

freauencv and “A” and “C” stations are receivinq the

Signal, interference will possibly occur.

“B”

and “D” stations are receiving

Fig. 5 Antenna Directivity

(The

Pattern Shows an Ideal condition. In practice, this pat-

tern becomes complex because it is influenced by surroun-

ding buildings and geographical features.)

Fig. 6 Good Location for Antenna Installation

Directivity of “E” Station

In areas crowded mended that a beam antenna be used. as it eliminates interference when those stations are

transmltting with the Same frequencv.

with

many stations. it is recom-

0 Adjustment (SWR)

Your antenna must be connected to a 50 ohms coaxial

cable, since the antenna impedance of the TS-780 is

50 Ohms. Also, the antenna must be adjusted to

50 ohms impedance. This adjustment is called impedance matthing. Proper impedance matthing is accomplished by checking SWR (VSWR: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) using a SWR meter. Ideal SWR is 1: 1.

The SWR meter should be connected between the

antenna feeder and the antenna terminal at the rear of

the transceiver, whichever is more convenient. Note that the reading of SWR meter varies somewhat depending on the location of connection because of the loss in the antenna cable. This is particularly noticeable when the antenna cable is more than 10 m long. An antenna System which

Shows

a standing wave ratio of less than 1 .5 will insure satisfactory transceive Operation.

4-2. COAXIAL CABLE

For satisfactory transceive Operation, coaxial cable

must be used. When the transceiver is used for fixed sta-

tion Service, the coaxial cable becomes relatively long, so

low loss (large sized) coaxial cable of the shortest possible

length should be used, as the loss of coaxial cable cannot be neglected when operating in high frequency bands, particularly in 144 MHz or higher bands.

When the coaxial cable needs to be extended more than

10 m, use one of larger size such as RG8/U or UR67.

’t ’

Whan SWR meter is connected as shown above. the actual SWR at the antenna feeder is higher than 1.5 because of the loss of the coaxial cable

Coaxial cable

Fig. 7 Adjustment of Antenna System

Antenna feeder

ANT terminal

8. Antenna installation

1 Ground plane

antenna

4-row horizontal Stack (4 parallel

enna

Tower

Fig. 8

5-l. OPERATING MODES

The TS-780 can be operated in the following modes by using the MODE switch. CW - Transmission and reception of Morse FM - Transmission and reception of FM USB - Upper side band transmission and reception (A3j).

USB is normally used on 144 and 430 MHz bands.

LSB - Lower side band transmission and reception (A3j).

Signals

Signals (F3).

(Al ).

5-2. FM MODE

Reception

Set the knobs and switches as shown in Fig. 9, then proceed as follows: When the shift switch is at SIMP (in simplex Operation), the mode switches FM-A and FM-B operate in the same way so either of which may be used.

(Refer to 5-l 4).

Turn the POWER switch ON. The meter and diqital

display are illuminated to indicate the power is on. The digital display indicates 144.000 MHz and VFO A.

Select your operating frequency band by pressing the

DOWN (or UP) BAND switch. The frequency is shifted

band bv band at

each

oress of the DOWN (or

UP)

switch. When either switch is pressed for 0.5 second or longer, the frequency is shifted about 0.5 second intervals.

2. Turn the AF GAIN control clockwise and noise or will be heard from the speaker. Adjust the control for suitable (To sent, turn the SQL control.)

3. Turn the VFO dial slowly until the clearly while observing the “S” meter deflection.

4. Set the meter switch to ALC/CEN and turn the VFO dial until the meter is centered while receiving the

the other Station. When the meter pointer indicates the Center Position, it means that the transmit frequency has tuned to the receive frequency. Set the meter switch to RF/S. Since the IF band is wide in FM mode, a slight deviation of frequency does not affect the recep-

tion. In transmitting Operation, however, the other Party

may be using a fixed channel, so it is advisable to set the meter in the Center Position (Zero-in) by adjusting the

VFO dial knob.

level.

eliminate the noise which is heard when

Signal

is heard most

Zero-in means that your transmit frequency coincides precisely with the receive frequency.

“0”

(center position)

“0”

(Center position)

Turn fully counterclockwise

Signal

is ab-

-l

To 430 MHz ANTENNA

To 144 MHz ANTENNA

Use of RIT Switch

The RIT (Receiver incremental Tuning) switch is used to shift the receive frequency by about f 1.5 kHz without affecting the transmit frequency (the indication of digital display remains unchanged).

When the receive frequency is offset, turn on the RIT switch (the RIT indicator will light) and turn the RIT control so that the transceiver is tuned in the frequency.

Note that the receive frequency is offset from the

,fCfully counterclockwise

Turn fully counterclockwise

iw\Turn

&ZA

transmit frequency when the RIT switch is turned on, so the switch must be set to OFF after QSO.

Use of RF GAIN Control

This is used to adjust the ly, leave it fully clockwise. for a very strong incoming Signal,

turn it counterclockwise. If there is a strong the vicinity of your operating frequency, lower the RF gain to reduce intermodulation interference.

receiver

fullycounterclockwise

Turn fully clockwise

OFF

Pre-setting for Reception

RF Stage gain. Normal-

Signal

Use of SQUELCH control

This control is used to eliminate noise when

sent. Turn the control slowly until noise disappears. When

the control is properly adjusted, only the receive

heard from the speaker. This control is also used according

to the strength of input

Transmission Notes:

Before transmitting, perform all the necessary pro-

cedures for Optimum reception. Make sure that the frequency you have selected does not interfere with other stations.

2. Check to make sure that the antenna connected is of the proper type. Use of an improper antenna will result not only in insufficient power but also in TV1 and BC1 .

DO not attempt to operate the transceiver without connecting antenna as it will transceiver.

Signal

during mobile Operation.

Cause

Signal

is ab-

Signal

darnage to the

Use of LOW POWER Switch

This switch is used to reduce transmit power during Operation with a local Station, thus preventing interference to other stations. lt is also effective to reduce the power consumption.

Set the switch to the up Position and the transmit power is reduced to about 1 Watt.

The transmit power is indicated on the RF meter. Since

the indication on the RF meter depends on the installation

condition of antenna, it will not indicate the exact output power. If the meter indicates “8” at the rated power, then

the reading of the meter will be “1” or “2” when the LOW

POWER switch is turned on.

Note: The LOW POWER switch is used in FM mode only.

5-3.

Reception

than LSB. As far as the operating technique is concerned, there is no

in” technique in SSB mode required a little experience.

described in section on “FM Mode”, except that the MODE switch should in USB Position.

SSB Mode

On VHF bands, USB is traditionally more often used

differente

For SSB Operation, set the knobs and switches as

between two. Generally, the “zero-

Fig. 10 Transmission

Set the controls referring to Fig. 9. For transmission, use

the following procedure:

1. Set the MODE switch to FM and the STANDBY switch to SEND (when the PTT switch is pressed, transmitted at the REC Position of the standby switch). Check to see that the RF meter is working and the ON AIR indicator is lit. Set the STANDBY switch to REC.

2. Adjust the microphone gain by turning the FM MIC control. Normally, Optimum gain is obtained in the Center

Position of the knob. If required, turn the control counterclockwise to reduce the gain.

Center Dosition

Fig. 11 MIC GAIN Adjustment

Signal

Fig. 12 Transmission in SSB Mode

After the settings have been completed, proceed as

follows:

1. Turn the POWER switch ON and adjust the AF GAIN knob for suitable loudness.

2. Turn the VFO tuning knob slowly to receive SSB Signal. First set the VFO knob a few kHz lower than the receive frequency (turn the knob counterclockwise) and you will hear a high pitched tone such as is heard from a magnetic recording tape set in the fast-forward mode. Turn the knob clockwise for higher frequency and the Sound will become clearer. Set the knob in such a position where the Sound is heard most clearly (this is the Zero-in Point).

Note:

The Zero-in Point can be easily located because the Sound loses its clarity suddenly when the frequency

Passes

away

from the Zero-in Point. If a clear Sound cannot be heard by following the above procedure, it may be an indication that

the

Signal

is LSB. Set the MODE switch to LSB Position. In

this case, the setting of the VFO knob should be made in

reverse

Order.

Transmission

1. Set the MODE switch to USB and the meter switch to ALC/CEN.

Other controls remain the same as outlined in

section on “FM Mode”.

2. Adjust the microphone gain. This adjustment should be made with the standby switch set to SEND or the microphone PTT switch depressed. Next, speak into the microphone and adjust the SSB Mic gain control on the front Panel, making sure that the ALC meter does not deflect beyond the ALC zone. After completion of the above adjustment, set the meter switch to RF.

Note:

Periodically check the ALC meter deflection. lf, due to heat, etc.,

there iS a Change in deflection, reset the

meter to within the ALC Zone.

Discrimination between SSB and FM

1. Use of S meter If

the S meter is steady (meter pointer almost Stops), the

incoming

Signal

is FM; otherwise, it is SSB.

2. Use of MODE switch If

a clear

switch, the

Signal

is heard at the FM Position of the MODE

Signal

is FM. The Sound in SSB mode is not

heard at this Position.

Use of RIT Switch

For detailed information, refer to section on “FM

Mode”. In SSB mode, if the receive frequency has drifted, set the RIT switch to ON and adjust the RIT knob, as in the case

of FM mode.

When the RIT switch is ON, the receive frequency is

off-

set from the transmit frequency, so it is necessary to turn

the switch off when tuning to another frequency.

The secret of reading accurate

Signal

strength is to turn the RF GAIN control counterclockwise so that it is a little lower than the

Signal level

read on the S meter at the full

clockwise Position, as shown in Fig. 13.

Maximum S meter reading

of an incoming signal.

Signals

weaker

Meter deflection with RF GAIN

clockwise

Position

counterclockwise.

Fig. 13 RF GAIN Control Setting

5-4 IF SHIFT Control

The IF SHIFT control is used to shift the passband of the

IF filter without changing receive frequency. By turning this control in either direction, the IF passband is shifted as shown in Fig. 14.

The IF SHIFT is effective in eliminating interference

when the receive during Operation in both SSB and CW modes.

Turning the control in terference from low frequency frequency component in the

Turning the control in ” - ” direction will eliminate interference from high frequency component is

Turned in “- ” direction

Signal

cut

off accordingly.

filter passband direction

characteristic

is superimposed on nearby

“+”

direction will eliminate in-

Signal.

In this way, the low

Signal

cut

off.

Signal.

The high frequency

Turned in ” + ”

Signals

Use of NB (noise blanker) Switch

The NB switch is used to suppress pulse noise such as

ignition noise generated by car engine.

Use of RF GAIN Control

For detailed information, refer to section on “FM

Mode”. Normally, this control should be left in full clockwise position. When a very strong incoming present, turn it counterclockwise. The noise

the receive

Signal level

is attenuated for clear reception.

level

Signal

below

If the RF GAIN is reduced excessively in SSB or CW mode, the S meter deflection will increase irrespective of incoming

Signal

strength. This is due to the circuit

characteristics and is not an indication of trouble.

Teupo;

,-;;,;;;

nate interference from

Signal

Fig. 14 IF SHIFT Control

I2erfering Signal

‘,‘+d I”WI

“n

;,+;;,v:

nate tnterference from Signal A

5-5 CW Mode

Reception

Set the controls and switches as outlined in section on

“FM Mode”, except that the MODE switch should be set

to CW. For reception, proceed as follows:

1. Turn the POWER switch ON and adjust the AF GAIN control for suitable volume.

2. Turn the VFO knob slowly for the desired receive so that a 800 Hz beat is heard. In this way, the frequen-

cy of your Station will coincide (Zero-in) with the frequency of your party’s Station. Similarly, if your Party response to your cy has coincided with your frequency. Note: The 800 Hz beat can be checked by using a frequency counter.

calls

back with a 800 Hz beat in

call,

it means that the party’s frequen-

Transmission

Adjustments of the transmitter for CW Operation are

basically the same as for FM Operation. The transceiver will be ready for use when adjusted in FM mode provided that

the frequencies are the Same.

For transmission, set the controls and switches as

outlined in section on “FM Mode”, except that the MODE switch should be set to CW and the meter switch to ALC/CEN. Connect your key to the KEY Panel.

Check to ensure that the MODE switch is set to CW. Set

the standby switch to SEND and the ON AIR indicator

will light. Under this condition, press the key down and

the ALC meter should deflect. Set the standby switch

back to REC Position.

Note: If

the key is not connected, the ALC meter will deflect

when the standby switch is set to SEND.

2. Adjust the CAR LEVEL control With the standby switch in the SEND Position, adjust the control so that the ALC meter deflects within the

ALC zone when the key is pressed down.

Then, release the key. Set the standby switch back to

REC Position and the meter switch to RF/S Position. Note:

If there is a Change in ALC meter deflection, reset in the Same

manner as in the SSB mode.

3. Adjust the side tone The TS-780 has a built-in side tone circuit for monitoring your station’s CW just the side tone volume, open the top cover and turn the SIDE TONE control for desired level. This adjustment should be made in receive mode with the key pressed down (standby switch in REC position), since, in so doing, the side tone circuit is activated.

Signal

during transmission. To ad-

jack

Signal

on the rear

Use of RIT

For detailed information, refer to section on “FM Mode”. Use the RIT switch when your party’s frequency has deviated from 800 Hz or you wish to transmit with a

different beat frequency.

Use of NB

Refer to section on “SSB Mode”.

Switch

Use of RF GAIN Knob

Refer to section on “SSB Mode”.

Use of IF SHIFT Control

By using the IF SHIFT in conjunction with the RIT, tone

quality can be adjusted.

Semi-Break-In Operation

The TS-780 is capable of semi-break-in Operation, in ad-

dition to the usual CW Operation with the standby switch. The semi-break-in uses the side tone to activate the VOX circuit which switches to transmit when the key is pressed down and to receive when it isreleased. For semi-break-in Operation, set the MODE switch to CW and the VOX switch to ON. Other operating procedures are the same as

for the usual VOX Operation (Refer to 5-6).

Side tone is heard from

---l

Fig. 15 Semi-break-in Operation

5-6 VOX OPERATION

The VOX is an automatic switching System that switches the transceiver to transmit and receive while speaking into the microphone. This is mainly used in SSB mode.

With the VOX switch set to ON, the transceiver is automatically switched to transmit mode when you speak into the microphone and to receive mode when you stop

talking. For VOX Operation, the standby switch should be set to REC.

Control Settings

Adjustment of VOX GAIN Control

With the standby switch set to REC, place the VOX switch in the VOX (ON) Position. First turn the VOX GAIN control clockwise and adjust it so that the transceiver is switched to transmit mode when you speak into the microphone with normal voice. Turn the control further clockwise and the gain is increased allowing the transceiver to be switched to

transmit mode with a lower

excessive VOX gain results in misoperation by ambient

noise. The condition of VOX Operation can be checked through the speaker. When any Sound is heard from the speaker, it means that the transceiver is in receive mode; otherwise, it is in transmit mode. In transmit mode, the ON AIR indicator Comes on and, in receive mode, the light of indicator goes off.

2. Adjustment of ANTI VOX GAIN Control This control is located on top of the case (sec page 9) and is used to prevent the VOX circuit from being misoperated by the Sound of speaker. Adjust the VOX GAIN control as directed in item (1) above. Then, adjust the AF GAIN control for suitable volume while receiving

Hold the microphone adjust the ANTI VOX GAIN control until speaker Sound will not activate the VOX circuit.

the control in clockwise direction will Cause the ANTI

VOX circuit to operate, resulting in failure of the

transceiver to be switched to transmit mode.

3. Adjustment of VOX DELAY Control This control is used to hold the transmitter on after VOX Operation. If the hold time is too short, the TS-780 returns to receive whenever you pause speaking. If too long, the TS-780 will not return to receive after speaking. Adjust the control so that the transceiver holds proper transmitting time when you speak at normal Speed. This control is also effective for CW semi-break-in Operation. During CW Operation, do notturn the control excessively

in clockwise direction, as it takes a long time until the transceiver returns to receive when the key is released; making it impossible to perform smooth semi-break-in Operation.

20~

level

of voice. However,

Signals

from a Station.

30 cm from the speaker and

Excessive

turning of

Note: If the VOX switch is left ON, the TS-780 will momentarily transmit when the POWER switch is turned on. After VOX Operation, set the VOX switch to OFF.

5-7 READING THE FREQUENCIES

The TS-780 digital display indicates carrier positions in all operating modes. Because of the use of a the carrier Position remains the same when the MODE switch is manipulated, thus the transmit and receive frequency can be directly read on the digital display, except for CW reception where the frequency on the display is higher by the beat frequency (800 Hz: see section on “CW Mode”) than the transmit frequency. Note:

The digital display does not indicate the frequency varied by the RIT knob.

special

circuit,

5-8 BAND SWITCH (UP-DOWN)

The BAND switch consists of two pushbutton switches, UP and DOWN. By pressing the UP switch, the frequency is shifted up by 1 band and, by pressing the DOWN switch the frequency is shifted down by 1 band. By holding either switch down, the frequency is shifted continuously at 0.5 seconds intervals. As shown in the illustration below, the BAND switch functions separately for the VFO A and B (sec section 5- 9 on “Operation of 2 VFO’s). The BAND

switch uses feather-tauch pushbutton switches. A tone

pulse is heard whenever the switch is pressed.

5-9 DIGITAL VFO

The TS-780 VFO is designed so that the pulses generated by rotating the VFO knob are counted by the microprocessor to vary the frequency through PLL circuit. The frequency is varied step by Step. The step interval is 20 Hz (SLOW) for CW and (FAST) for fast-forward and FM Operation. Either step can be selected by the S/F switch (sec section 5-12).

The adjustable range of the digital VFO is shown in

Table

F.STEP switch “OFF” F.STEP switch “ON”

144 MHz BAND

430 MHz BAND

Turning the VFO dial in either direction will shift the fre-

quency in endless mode between 144.000.00 and

145.999.98 In the 144 MHz band. The dial also functions similarly in the 430 MHz band. Note that the upper limit of the band varies according to the Position (ON/OFF) of the

F. STEP switch or mode.

144,000.00- 144,000.00-

430,000.00- 430,000.00-

SSB

Operation or 200 Hz

145,999.98 145.999.80

439.999.98 439.999.80

Table 1

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