This manual is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with similar types of commercial grade communications equipment. It contains all required service information for the equipment and is current as of this publication date. Changes which may occur after publication are
covered by either Service Bulletins or Manual Revisions,
which are issued as required.
ORDERING REPLACEMENT PARTS
When ordering replacement parts or equipment information, the full part identification number should be included.
This applies to all parts : components, kits, and chassis. If
the part number is not known, include the chassis or kit
number of which it is a part and a sufficient description of
the required component, for proper identification.
PERSONNEL SAFETY
The following precautions are recommended for person-
nel safety :
• DO NOT transmit until all RF connectors are secure and
any open connectors are properly terminated.
• SHUT OFF this equipment when near electrical blasting
caps or while in an explosive atmosphere.
• This equipment should be serviced by only qualified technicians.
SERVICE
This radio is designed for easy servicing. Refer to the
2464.5500MHzYellow Color : Yellow
3467.7625MHzJCH2 : 467.9250MHz / QT OFF
4467.8125MHzK Color : Blue Star
5467.8500MHzSilver Star
6467.8750MHzGold Star
7467.9000MHzRed Star
8467.9250MHzBlue Star
All channels are Narrow band width. User can select channel frequency from above.
TK-3131
DestinationNumber of CHFrequency No. / Frequency / Color
Press and hold, then speak into the microphone to transmit.
w MENU key
Press to perform various functions. Press and hold while
switching the power ON to enter Setting Mode.
e CAL key
Press before making a call, to alert the other party members.
/
r
t Power switch/Volume control
y MON key
u LED indicator
i SP/MIC jacks
keys
Press to change the operating channel, to select a menu
in Setting Mode, and to perform other functions.
Turn clockwise to switch the power ON and counterclockwise to switch the power OFF. Rotate to adjust the
volume.
Press to monitor the current channel for activity.
Indicates the transceiver status.
Lift the covers and insert the accessory’s plugs here.
3
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
TK-3130/3131
Frequency Configuration
ANT
460~470MHz
ANT
SW
RF
AMP
BPF
RF
AMP
RF
AMP
421.15~
431.15MHz
460~470MHz
1st MIX
38.85MHz
MCF
Fig. 1 Frequency configuration
Reception methodDouble super heterodyne
1st IF frequency38.85MHz
2nd IF frequency450kHz
Transmission methodVCO direct oscillation amplification
ModulationVariable reactance phase modulation
Table 1Basic configuration
450kHz
38.4MHz
PLL VCO
CF
MIX, IF
DET
Tripler
X3
AF
AMP
TCXO
MIC
AMP
12.8MHz
SP
MIC
ItemRating
Nominal center frequency (fo)38.85MHz
Pass bandwidth±5.0kHz or more at 3dB
Attenuation bandwidth±18.5kHz or less at 35dB
Ripple1.0dB or less
Insertion loss4.0dB or less
Guaranteed attenuation70dB or more at fo–900kHz
Terminating impedance610Ω±10% / 3.0pF±0.5pF
Table 2 MCF (L71-0586-05) : TX-RX unit (B/2) XF1
ItemRating
Nominal center frequency (fo)450kHz
6dB bandwidth±6.0kHz or more
50dB bandwidth±12.5kHz or less
Ripple (at 450kHz±4kHz)2dB or less
Guaranteed attenuation35dB or more
(at 450kHz±100kHz)
Insertion loss6dB or less
I/O matching impedance2.0kΩ
Table 3 Ceramic filter (L72-0958-05) : TX-RX unit (B/2) CF1
Receiver System
■ Front End
The high-frequency signal from the antenna passes
through a low-pass filter and a high-frequency switch (D12,
L25 and D13) which switches between transmission and reception, and goes to the BPF (L42) to remove unwanted signals. The resulting signal is amplified by high-frequency amplifier (Q18) and goes to the first mixer (Q19).
■ First Mixer
The signal that reaches Q19 is mixed with the first local
signal from the VCO to produce a first IF signal (38.85MHz).
(Receive frequency – First local frequency
= First IF frequency = 38.85MHz)
The first IF signal passes through MCF: XF1 (monolithic
crystal filter) to remove unwanted signals.
The first IF signal is amplified by IF amplifier (Q20) and
goes to IF IC (IC2).
ANT
BPF
RF AMP
LPF
ANT
SW
D12
D13
L25
L42
1st MIXER
Q18
1st local OSC (PLL)2nd local OSC
Q19
38.85MHz465.0MHz
ANT
1st local
OSC
MCF
XF1
VCO
IF AMP
Q20
3T3R
LPF
D12
L25
D13
1st IF : 38.85MHz
Q19
3R
L42
BPF
XF1
Fig. 3 Receiver circuit
IF AMP, DET
IC2
AF AMP
IC208SP
Q18
3R
IF IC
Q20
Fig. 2Receiver section configuration
4
TK-3130/3131
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
■ IF Amplifier
The IF circuit is integrated in the FM IC (IC2). The IF IC
contains local input, mixer, limiter amplifier, FM DET, and
low-frequency amplifier.
The IF signal coming from the IF amplifier (Q20) goes to
the IF IC mixer and is mixed with the second local signal
(38.4MHz) to produce a second IF signal.
(38.85MHz – 38.4MHz = 450kHz)
The tripled PLL reference oscillation (12.8MHz x 3) is
used for the second local signal.
The second IF signal passes through ceramic filter (CF1)
to remove unwanted signals.
The second IF signal passing through the ceramic filter
passes through the limiter amplifier consisting six differential amplifiers and is detected.
The FM detection is quadrature detection method. The
phase of the output signal from the limiter amplifier is
shifted by 90 degrees by a quad coil (L36) and compared
with the original waveform to produce detection output.
■ Squelch Circuit
A squelch circuit is provided to prevent no-signal noise or
weak signals from outputting to a speaker during transmission.
■ AF Circuit
The FM IC output passes through the base band IC
(IC205), mute (Q213), and amplifier (IC207). After go to AF
power amplifier IC (IC208). This IC have BTL amplifier function and electrical Volume. At internal speaker, BTL amplified. At external speaker, IC switch off the 1 channel amplifier by connectors information.
Transmitter System
■ Microphone Amplifier Circuit
The audio signal from the microphone passes through
the MIC amplifier (IC207). Then, the signal goes through the
base band IC (IC205) that has the 6dB/oct pre-emphasis circuit, band-pass filter (300 to 3kHz), amplifier, and limiter.
The distortion components outside the audio band are removed by the splatter filter.
■ Modulation Circuit
The MIC amplifier (IC207) output passes through VR201
for modulation adjustment and goes to the modulation input
of the VCO circuit for variable reactance phase modulation.
■ Transmission Output Circuit
The VCO output is amplified by a high-frequency amplifier (Q7~Q10), passes through a high-frequency antenna
switch, passes through a low-pass filter and goes to the antenna.
The transmission output is about 1W with 3.8V DC supply at battery terminal.
■ Low-Pass Filter Circuit
A three-stage Chebyshev type low-pass filter is located
between the antenna and transmit/receive switching circuit.
It removes harmonic components contained in the transmission output.
MIC AMP
IC207MIC
VCO
Q4, Q5VR201
RF AMP
Q7
PRE-DRIVE
AMP
Q8
SW
INT. SP
J200
EXT. SP
PLL
BUSY
19
2452
16
MIXIN
38.4MHz
IC207
Amp
RSSI
Q22
X3TCXO
IC2
MIX
DET
MUTE
Q213
VR202
AF VR
450kHz
AF MUTE
SP AMP
1st IF
Q212
Q214
6
Q20
IF amp
X1
IC208
Amp
Amp
IC204
CPU
38.85
MHz
12.8MHz
SW
Fig. 4IF amplifier, squelch and
AF amplifier circuits
CF1
Q21
Noise ampD16
Amp
IC205
HPF LPF
DET
Amp
9
AFOUT
AF
23
RXIN
DRIVE
AMP
Q9
FINAL
AMP
Q10
ANT SW
D12,13
LPF
Fig. 5 Transmitter section configuration
IC205
SW
IC207
D205
DET
Amp
MIC
Q210
MIC
MUTE
D204
MIC amp
Fig. 6Microphone amplifier circuit
ANT
LPFIDC
5
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
++
+
CP1
XIN
3C
3C
PLL data
(CPU)
STB
DATA
CK
CPU (IC204)
UL
VCO
LV
Loop filter
VCO OUT
F OUT
FIN1
3C,T/R,MOD
PLL IC
IC1
LD
TCXO
TO
X1 12.8MHz
Vcont
TK-3130/3131
PLL System
■ VCO Circuit
The VCO is housed in a shield case.
The VCO circuit consists of a transistor (Q4), a variable
capacity diode (D4) for frequency control, a variable capacity
diode (D8) for modulation, transmit/receive frequency shift
diode (D17), control transistor (Q2), variable capacitor (TC1)
for PLL lock voltage control, and oscillator buffer amplifier
(Q5).
C185
LV
T/R
MOD
3C
R11
R14
R146
C194
C27
R35
C198
C186
D17
L44
Q2
R36
L8
D4
L43
C36
TC1
R21
C32
In receive mode, the shift signal T/R goes low, Q2 turns
off, and the shift diode (D17) not contact. Q4 produces the
first local frequency for reception.
(Receive channel frequency – 38.85MHz)
In transmit mode, the shift signal T/R goes high, Q2 turns
on and D17 does conducts. Q4 produces about 460~470
MHz and the VCO frequency equals the transmit channel
frequency.
The 3.0V circuit voltage is produced by ripple removing
filter circuit Q3.
C38
D8
R18
R17
R10
L9
R126
R22
R23
C33
L11
Q4
C42
C41
C44
R15
L10
R24
D3
C45
C29
R25
Q5
Q3
C46
VCO
OUT
L12
R26
C30C31
+
■ PLL Circuit
Frequency data is sent to the PLL IC (IC1) from the CPU
(IC204) as serial data when the power turns on, when the
channel is changed, or when transmission begins. It sets
the variable divider in the PLL IC.
The TCXO (X1) produce a 12.8MHz reference frequency.
It is divided to produce a 12.5kHz PLL comparison frequency in the PLL IC.
The VCO input is divided by the divide ratio set by the
divider in the PLL IC to generate 12.5kHz. It is compared
with the reference comparison frequency by the phase
comparator to detect a phase difference.
The charge pump circuit in the PLL IC converts it to a
control voltage that can drive the VCO directly.
The control voltage passes through a loop filter which
passes low frequency and is applied to the VCO control pin
to control the oscillator frequency. The loop filter removes
unwanted harmonics and noise contained in the output from
the phase comparator and determines PLL response and
synchronizing characteristics by the amplitude and phase
characteristics (Fig. 8).
Fig. 7 VCO circuit
■ Unlock Detection Circuit
If the PLL cannot be synchronized for some reason or
other when switching the channel or changing between
transmission and reception, the PLL IC outputs a low unlock
detection signal. This signal goes to the CPU to inhibit transmission when the PLL is unlocked.
Fig. 8PLL circuit
6
TK-3130/3131
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Control System
■ Reset Circuit
When a battery voltage is dropped, IC201 is detected low
voltage, and this detected signal input to IC204 for stop the
CPU function. IC200 is detected the reset voltage.
■ Battery Voltage Detection Circuit
The unit detects a low battery voltage and display the
BATT indicator on the LCD. The battery voltage is divided
and applied to the analog value input pin (BATT) of the CPU,
and converted to a digital signal.
■ Power Supply Circuit
The power supply voltage is maintained to 3.0V by the
series regulator (IC213). It is used as CPU power 3M. The
3C, 3R and 3T voltages are regulated by the IC209.
The B (battery voltage) is supplied to the RF final transistor Q10.
The transmission power 3T is supplied to the transmission output circuit when the CPU turns Q219 on only in
transmit mode. 3T is junction to VR2 to generate PA gate
(Q10) for power alignment.
The reception power 3R is provided to the receive and IF
circuits when the CPU turns Q220 on only in receive mode.
The transmission/reception power 3C is supplied to the
VCO and PLL circuits when the CPU turns Q218 on in transmit and receive modes.
If no signal is received for 10 seconds, the CPU enters
the power save mode, and turns common power 3C and
reception power 3R on for one cycle and off for three cycles
according to the signals from the CPU to save the battery
power.
■ QT/DQT
• Encode (Transmit)
QT/DQT signal is generated by CPU (IC204). Output signal (IC204 pin 40 (TO)) goes to TCXO modulation and VCO
modulation (Through the VR200).
• Decode (Receive)
Detected AF signal go to IC206. Function of IC206 is LPF
for sub-audible frequency. This signal goes to IC204 pin 20
(TI). IC204 is detected the QT or DQT.
B
IC204
CPU
Power
SW
BATT
IC213
AVR
IC209Q218
AVR
SW
Q220
SW
Q219
SW
SB
3M
3C
3R
3T
Fig. 9 Reset, battery voltage detection and
power supply circuits
TCXO
VR200
VCO
TX AF
IF IC
IC204
CPU
TO
TI
40
LPF
IC206IC2
20
LPF
RX AF
Fig. 10 QT/DQT circuit
Microphone
input
TX data/
RX data
Control data
Frame
detection
Receiver
3
–
+
4
11
20
21
+VR1
Control register
and data buffer
Reception output
HPF
–
+
Com-
pressor
MODEM
Expander
+VR4
171819
emphasis
Scrambler
MSK
Pre-
De-
emphasis
De-
scrambler
Limiter
HPF
Splatter
filter
+VR2
BPF
LPF
+VR3
OSC
–
+
6
Transmission
signal output
14
3.6864MHz
15
22
Reception
23
signal
input
Fig. 11AK2368 (IC205) block diagram
7
SEMICONDUCTOR DATA
CPU : MN101C54AKA (TX-RX UNIT (A/2) IC204)
■ Terminal function
Pin No.Port NameI/OFunction
1~3V1~V3ILCD Voltage
4,5NCINC
6AF MUTEORXsignal AF MuteL : Mute
7SELI
8SHIFTOClock Frequency shift
9VSSIGND
10OSC2OClock oscillation out
11OSC1IClock oscillation in
12MMODIGND
13XIINC
14XOONC
15VDDIPower supply
16RSTIResetL : Reset
17VREF+IGND
18ULIPLL UnlockL : Unlock
19BUSYIRX Busy Detect
20TIIQT/DQT signal
21BIASINC
22BATTIBattery Voltage
23VOXIVOX Level
24RSSIIRX Carrier Level
25VIBOVibrator ControlH : On
26VREF–IGND
27VDDIPower supply
28TXDOto FPU Data
29RXDIfrom FPU Data
30TDATAOMSK TX Data
31DIROIC205 Control
32SCLKOIC205 Clock
33DI/OI/OIC205 Data
34APCOTX Power H/LH : Low power
35BEEPOBeep
36PABCOFinal SW
373CCO3C SWL : On
383RCO3R SWL : On
393TCO3T SWL : On
40TOOTX QT/DQT out
FET : 2SK3078 (Q9)
■ Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25°C)
FET : NE5510279A (Q10)
■ Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25°C)
TK-3130/3131
Pin No.Port NameI/OFunction
41BATT LIBattery Low
42TCLKOMSK TX Clock
43RDFIDetect MSK Data
44VDDIPower Supply
45PTTIPTTL : Press
46MONIIMONITOR keyL : Press
47CALLICALL keyL : Press
48UPIUP keyL : Press
49MODEIMODE keyL : Press
50DOWNIDOWN keyL : Press
51MICMUTEOMIC MuteH : Mute
52SP AMPOAF AMP on/offH : On
53PCLKOPLL IC Clock
54PDATAOPLL IC Data
55PENOPLL IC Enable
56ECLKOEEPROM Clock
57EDATAI/OEEPROM Data
58BACKLITOLCD Lamp on/offH : On
59RLEDORed LED on/offH : On
60GLEDOGreen LED on/offH : On
61,62NCONC
63~76
77~79
80NCONC
SEG13~SEG0
COM0~COM2
ItemVDSSVGSSIDPchTchTstg
Rating15V5V0.5A3W150°C –45~+150°C
ItemVDSSVGSSIDPchTchTstg
Rating8.5V6.0V1.0A2.4W125°C –55~+125°C
OLCD
OLCD
Tc=25°C
Tc=25°C
8
TK-3130/3131
DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS
TX-RX UNIT (X57-6460-XX)
Ref. No.Part NameDescription
IC1ICPhase locked loop system
IC2ICIF system
IC200ICVoltage detect
IC201ICReset switch
IC203ICEEPROM
IC204ICCPU
IC205ICBase band
IC206ICActive filter
IC207ICMIC amplifier / Limiter
IC208ICAudio power amplifier
IC209ICVoltage regulator (3V)
IC213ICVoltage regulator (3V)
IC214ICDivider
Q1TransistorRF amplifier
Q2TransistorDC switch (T/R)
Q3TransistorRipple filter
Q4TransistorVCO
Q5TransistorRF buffer amplifier
Q6,7TransistorRF amplifier
Q8TransistorTX pre-drive
Q9FETTX drive
Q10FETTX final
Q11TransistorTemperature protection switch
Q13FETDC switch
Q14TransistorDC switch (HI/LO)
Q18FETRF amplifier
Q19FETMixer
Q20TransistorIF amplifier
Q21TransistorNoise amplifier
Q22TransistorTripler
Q200TransistorDC switch (Backlight)
Ref. No.Part NameDescription
Q201TransistorDC switch (Busy)
Q202TransistorDC switch (TX)
Q210TransistorMIC mute / AGC
Q212TransistorDC switch
Q213FETAudio mute switch
Q214TransistorAF amplifier power supply
Q216FETVibration switch
Q217FETVOX switch
Q218TransistorDC switch (3C)
Q219TransistorDC switch (3T)
Q220TransistorDC switch (3R)
Q221TransistorBeat shift switch
D1DiodeUnlock detect
D3DiodeCurrent steering
D4VariableFrequency control
capacitance diode
D8VariableTX modulation
capacitance diode
D9,10DiodeRF switch
D12,13DiodeAntenna switch
D16DiodeNoise detect
D17DiodeCurrent steering
D200LEDLCD backlight
D201LEDTX / BUSY
D202DiodeAF detect
D204DiodeMIC mute / AGC switch
D205DiodeAGC detect
D208DiodeSurge absorption
D209DiodeReverse protection
D210Zener DiodeVoltage protection
9
PARTS LIST
TK-3130/3131
CAPACITORSCC 45 TH 1H 220 J
1234 56
1 = Type … ceramic, electrolytic, etc.4 = Voltage rating
2 = Shape … round, square, ect. 5 = Value
3 = Temp. coefficient6 = Tolerance
• Temperature coefficient
1st WordCLPRSTU
Color*BlackRedOrange Yellow GreenBlueViolet
ppm/°C0–80–150–220–330–470–750
• Tolerance (More than 10pF)
CodeCDGJKMXZPNo code
(%) ±0.25 ±0.5±2±5±10±20+40+80 +100 More than 10µF – 10 ~ +50