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Series 2600 System SourceMeter

User’s Manual

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

WARRANTY

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from date of shipment.

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, software, rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.

During the warranty period, Keithley Instruments will, at its option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.

To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley Instruments representative, or contact Keithley Instruments headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley Instruments’ express written consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.

NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE, EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COST OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.

A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Corporate Headquarters • 28775 Aurora Road • Cleveland, Ohio 44139

440-248-0400 • Fax: 440-248-6168 • 1-888-KEITHLEY (1-888-534-8453) • www.keithley.com

3/07

Series 2600

System SourceMeter® Instruments

User’s Manual

Any unauthorized reproduction, photocopy, or use the information herein, in whole or in part without the prior written

approval of Keithley Instruments, Inc. is strictly prohibited.

TSP, TSP-Link, and TSP-Net are trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.

All Keithley Instruments product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders

Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.

Document Number: 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments an d access ories would n ormally be used with non-h azardous voltag es, there are situ ations where h azardous condition s may be present.

This product is inte nded for us e by qual ified person nel who recognize s hock haz ards and are famili ar with the s afety prec autions requ ired to avoid possible in jury. Read and follow all inst alla tio n, opera tion, an d mai ntenanc e info rmatio n carefu lly b efore us ing the product. Refer to the user documentation for complete product specifications.

If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product warranty may be impaired. The types of product users are: Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is

operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained. Operators use the product for its inten ded function. T hey must be trained in e lectrical safe ty procedures a nd proper us e of the inst rument.

They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits. Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it op era tin g p r op erly, for example, settin g the li ne v oltage or

replacing consuma ble ma terials . Main tenanc e proc edures are descri bed in t he u ser docum ent ation. The proced ures expl icitly st ate if th e operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.

Safety Precautions

Service personnel are trained to wor k on live circuits, perform safe installations, and repair products. Only pro perly trained service

personnel may perform installation and service procedures. Keithley Instruments products are designed for use with electrical signals that are rated Measurement Category I and Measurement

Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Measurement Ca tegory I and must not be dire ctly connected to ma ins voltag e or to voltage sourc es with high transient over-voltages. Measurement Category II connections require protection for high transient over-voltages oft en associated with local AC mains connect ions. Assume all measurement, co ntrol, and dat a I/O connec tions are for conn ection to Cate gory I sources u nless otherwise marked or described in the user documentation.

Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.

Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators are prevented acces s and/or insul ated from ev ery connect ion point . In some c ases, conne ctions mus t be expos ed to potenti al human c ontact. Product operators in th ese ci rcu ms t ances must be train ed t o p r otec t themselves from the ri sk of electric shock. If the ci rcu it is capable of operating at or above 1000V, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.

Do not connect switc hing cards direc tly to unlim ited power circui ts. They ar e intended to b e used with im pedance-lim ited sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.

Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is connected to a properly-grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.

11/07

When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted , such as rack mounting, a separate main input power

disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator. For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.

AL W AYS remove power from the entire test system and d ischarge an y capa citors befo re: connecting or disconne cting cab les or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.

Do not touch any o bject that could pro vide a c urrent p ath to the com mon sid e of the c ircuit under t est or p ower line (e arth) ground . Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.

The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions, or the safety of the equipment may be impaired.

Do not exceed the maxi mum s ignal levels of the ins tru ment s and acces sories , as defi ned in th e spec ifica tion s and op erating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.

When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard. Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections. If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a l id

interlock. If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation. The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the user documentation. The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000V or more, including the combined effect of normal and

common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages. The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface m ay be hot. Avoid personal c ontact to prevent burns . The symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.

If this symbol is on a product, it indicates that mercury is present in the display lamp. Please note that the lamp must be properly disposed of according to federal, state, and local laws.

The WARNING heading in the user documentation explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

The CAUTION heading in th e u se r do cu me ntation explains ha za rds th at could damage the i nst rum ent. Such damage ma y inv al ida te the warranty.

Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans. Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables. T o main tain protecti on from electric sho ck and fire, replacem ent component s in mains circu its - includi ng the power trans former, tes t leads,

and input jacks - must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses with applicable national safety approvals may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety-related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component (note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and function ality of the product). If you ar e unsure about the applicabi lity of a replacement co mponent, call a Keithley Ins truments office for information.

To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water-based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrumen t or allow liqui ds to enter or spi ll on the inst rument. Produ cts tha t consist of a circuit board wi th no case or chassis (e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.

Section Topic Page

1 Front and Rear Panel Operation ........................................................ 1-1

Front and rear panel familiarization ............................................................ 1-2

Front panel summaries......................................................................... 1-2

Rear panel summaries ......................................................................... 1-2

Safety symbols and terms.................................................................... 1-2

What are the source-measure capabilities? ............................................. 1-10

Model 2601 and Model 2602.............................................................. 1-10

Model 2611 and Model 2612 .............................................................. 1-10

Model 2635 and Model 2636.............................................................. 1-10

How do I power-up the instrument?.......................................................... 1-11

How do I make measurements? ............................................................... 1-12

How do I use the buffer?........................................................................... 1-16

2 Remote Operation ................................................................................. 2-1

How do I use the remote interface?............................................................ 2-2

How do I use Test Script Builder?............................................................... 2-3

How do I use TSB to make measurements? .............................................. 2-7

How do I use other programs? ................................................................. 2-10

Using LabVIEW.................................................................................. 2-10

Using Visual Basic.............................................................................. 2-12

3 Test Script Processor Interaction ...................................................... 3-1

What is a script? ......................................................................................... 3-2

Factory scripts...................................................................................... 3-2

User scripts .......................................................................................... 3-2

How do I run a script from the front panel?................................................. 3-2

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder? ............................ 3-3

Running a factory script ....................................................................... 3-3

Modifying a factory script ..................................................................... 3-5

Running the user script ...................................................................... 3-10

Deleting a user script and user tests.................................................. 3-11

How do I use other programs? ................................................................. 3-11

Using LabVIEW.................................................................................. 3-11

Using Visual Basic.............................................................................. 3-13

4 Controlling Multiple Series 2600s (TSP-Link)................................. 4-1

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?....................................................... 4-2

How do I use the expanded system?.......................................................... 4-3

Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes ............................................. 4-3

Running scripts in a TSP-Link system.................................................. 4-4

A Specifications......................................................................................... A-1

B Frequently Asked Questions .............................................................. B-1

How do I optimize performance?................................................................ B-2

Setting speed ....................................................................................... B-2

Disabling auto zero to increase speed ................................................. B-2

How do I use the Digital I/O port?............................................................... B-2

Digital I/O port terminals....................................................................... B-2

Table of Contents Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Controlling the Digital I/O port.............................................................. B-3

How do I trigger other instruments? ........................................................... B-3

Triggering a scanner............................................................................ B-3

Programming triggering ....................................................................... B-4

How do I generate a service request? ....................................................... B-4

Setting up a service request ................................................................ B-4

Service request programming example............................................... B-4

Polling for SRQs .................................................................................. B-4

How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory?............................ B-5

Front panel operation........................................................................... B-5

Remote programming.......................................................................... B-5

How do I stack channels to output higher voltage?.................................... B-6

How do I parallel channels to output higher current?................................. B-8

How do I make contact check measurements? ......................................... B-8

Contact check connections.................................................................. B-8

Contact check programming example ................................................. B-9

How do I make low-current measurements?............................................ B-10

Low-current connections ................................................................... B-10

Low-current measurement programming example............................. B-11

ii 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

List of Figures

Section Figure Title Page

1 Figure 1-1 Models 2601, 2611, 2602, 2612, 2635, and 2636 front panels...... 1-3

1 Figure 1-2 Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 rear panels ...................................... 1-6

1 Figure 1-3 Model 2635 and 2636 rear panels ................................................. 1-8

1 Figure 1-4 Model 2602/2612 Low-Noise Chassis Ground Banana Jack and

Chassis Screw...............................................................................1-14

1 Figure 1-5 Interlock circuit............................................................................. 1-15

1 Figure 1-6 Display modes ............................................................................. 1-15

1 Figure 1-7 Buffer display format.................................................................... 1-18

2 Figure 2-1 GPIB cable..................................................................................... 2-2

2 Figure 2-2 RS-232 cable ................................................................................. 2-2

2 Figure 2-3 Test Script Builder initial startup screen ......................................... 2-5

2 Figure 2-4 Instrument console control icons ................................................... 2-6

2 Figure 2-5 Select Instrument Resource dialog box......................................... 2-7

2 Figure 2-6 Source-measure command sequence in console window

(2601/2602 version shown)............................................................ 2-9

2 Figure 2-7 LabVIEW source-measure example block diagram..................... 2-11

2 Figure 2-8 Visual Basic example user interface............................................ 2-12

2 Figure 2-9 Example program test results ...................................................... 2-14

3 Figure 3-1 Pulse-measure cycle for the PulseVMeasureI function............... 3-3

3 Figure 3-2 Importing a factory script project from the Series 2600 ................. 3-6

3 Figure 3-3 KIGeneral project imported into the Test Script Builder ................. 3-7

3 Figure 3-4 Run configuration example - Main tab shown................................ 3-9

3 Figure 3-5 Run configuration example - Script Attributes tab shown ............ 3-10

3 Figure 3-6 LabVIEW source step example ................................................... 3-12

3 Figure 3-7 GUI after loading the non-function script (GPIB) ......................... 3-15

3 Figure 3-8 GUI after running the non-function script (GPIB)......................... 3-16

3 Figure 3-9 GUI after loading and running the function script (GPIB) ............ 3-18

3 Figure 3-10 GUI after calling the function (GPIB) ........................................... 3-19

4 Figure 4-1 TSP-Link connections.................................................................... 4-2

B Figure B-1 Digital I/O port terminals ................................................................ B-3

B Figure B-2 Triggering a scanner...................................................................... B-3

B Figure B-3 Stacking channels for higher voltage............................................. B-7

B Figure B-4 Connecting channels in parallel for higher current ........................ B-8

B Figure B-5 Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 contact check connections .............. B-9

B Figure B-7 Model 2635/2636 low-current connections.................................. B-10

List of Figures Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

iv Document Number: 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

List of Tables

Section Table Title Page

1 Table 1-1 Connectors and triax cable conductors ......................................... 1-9

1 Table 1-2 Triax connector on ground module ................................................ 1-9

1 Table 1-3 Model 2601 and 2602 source-measure capabilities .................... 1-10

1 Table 1-4 Model 2611 and 2612 source-measure capabilities..................... 1-10

1 Table 1-5 Model 2635 and 2636 source-measure capabilities .................... 1-10

B Table B-1 Commands for basic I/O port......................................................... B-3

List of Tables Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

vi Document Number: 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

In this section:

Top ic Page

Section 1

Front and Rear Panel Operation

Front and rear panel familiarization.................................................

Front panel summaries..................................................................

Rear panel summaries ..................................................................

Safety symbols and terms .............................................................

What are the source-measure capabilities?....................................

Model 2601 and Model 2602 .........................................................

Model 2611 and Model 2612 .........................................................

Model 2635 and Model 2636 .........................................................

How do I power-up the instrument?.................................................

Connect to line power....................................................................

Turn on power ...............................................................................

Set line frequency..........................................................................

How do I make measurements? .......................................................

Connect the DUT...........................................................................

Select source and set source level................................................

Set compliance limit ......................................................................

Select measurement function and range.......................................

Turn output on ...............................................................................

Make measurements.....................................................................

Turn output off ...............................................................................

How do I use the buffer?...................................................................

Connect the DUT...........................................................................

Set up source and measure functions ...........................................

Configure the buffer.......................................................................

Turn on the output .........................................................................

Store readings ...............................................................................

Turn off the output .........................................................................

Recall readings..............................................................................

1-2

1-2 1-2 1-2

1-10

1-10 1-10 1-10

1-11

1-11 1-11 1-11

1-12

1-12 1-12 1-12 1-13 1-13 1-13 1-13

1-16

1-16 1-16 1-16 1-17 1-17 1-17 1-17

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Front and rear panel familiarization

Front panel summaries

The front panels of the Keithley Instruments Series 2600 System SourceMeter® are shown in

Figure 1-1. The descriptions of the front panel controls follow Figure 1-1.

Rear panel summaries

The rear panels of the Models 2601/2602 and 2611/2612 are shown in Figure 1-2 on page 1-6. The rear panels of the Models 2635 and 2636 are shown in Figure 1-3 on page 1-8. The descriptions of the rear panel components follow Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3.

Safety symbols and terms

The following symbols and terms may be found on the instrument or used in this manual:

The located in the manual.

The symbol on the instrument shows that high voltage may be present on the terminal(s). Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.

symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions

The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns.

The WARNING heading used in this manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.

1-2 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Figure 1-1

Models 2601, 2611, 2602, 2612, 2635, and 2636 front panel

Model 2601, Model 2611, and Model 2635

SYSTEM SourceMeter

KEITHLEY SourceMeter

REL

+ / -

MODE

FILTER

0000

TRIG MENU

LOCAL

EXIT ENTER

DISPLAY

CONFIG

POWER

SRC LIMITMEAS

SPEED

DIGITS

LOAD RUN STORE RECALL

1 2

Model 2602, Model 2612, and Model 2636

SYSTEM SourceMeter

KEITHLEY SourceMeter

DISPLAY

CONFIG

POWER

CHANNEL A CHANNEL B

SRC LIMITMEAS

SPEED

DIGITS

LOAD RUN STORE RECALL

REL

+ / -

MODE

FILTER

0000

SRC LIMITMEAS

SPEED

DIGITS

TRIG MENU

REL

LOCAL

EXIT ENTER

MODE

FILTER

RANGE

AUTO

RANGE

AUT O

RANGE

CURSOR

OUTPUT

ON/OFF

CURSOR

OUTPUT

CHAN B

CHAN A

ON/OFF ON/OFF

1 2

NOTE The Models 2601, 2611, and 2635 have one SourceMeter channel

(Channel A) and the Models 2602, 2612, and 2636 have two SourceMeter channels (Channel A and Channel B).

1. Special keys and power switch:

DISPLAY Toggles between the various source-measure displays and the user message mode.

Selects Models 2602/2612/2636 single or dual-channel display.

CONFIG Used to configure a function or operation. POWER Power switch – In position turns SourceMeter on (I), out position turns SourceMeter

off (O).

Number keys The Number Keys (0-9, +/-, 0000) allow direct numeric entry in the EDIT mode.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-3

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

2. Source-measure setup, performance control and special operation:

Top Row – Source-measure setup

Model 2601/2611/2635 and Model 2602/2612/2636:

SRC Channel A – Selects the source function (V or A) and places cursor in the source field

for editing.

MEAS Channel A – Cycles through measure functions (V, A, Ω or W).

LIMIT Channel A – Places the cursor in the compliance limit field for editing. MODE Channel A – Directly chooses the measurement function (V, A, Ω or W).

Model 2602/2612/2636 only:

SRC Channel B – Selects the source function (V or A) and places cursor in the source field. MEAS Channel B – Cycles through measure functions (V, A, Ω or W).

LIMIT Channel B – Places the cursor in the compliance limit field for editing. MODE Channel B – Directly chooses the measurement function (V, A, Ω or W).

Middle Row – Source-measure setup

Model 2601/2611/2635 and Model 2602/2612/2636:

DIGITS Channel A – Changes display resolution to 4-1/2, 5-1/2, or 6-1/2 digits. SPEED Channel A – Sets the measurement speed by controlling the A/D converter measurement

aperture.

REL Channel A – Controls relative, which allows a baseline value to be subtracted from a

reading.

FILTER Channel A – Controls the digital filter, which can be used to reduce reading noise.

Model 2602/2612/2636 only:

DIGITS Channel B – Changes display resolution to 4-1/2, 5-1/2, or 6-1/2 digits. SPEED Channel B – Sets the measurement speed by controlling the A/D converter measurement

aperture.

REL Channel B – Controls relative, which allows a baseline value to be subtracted from a

reading.

FILTER Channel B – Controls the digital filter, which can be used to reduce reading noise.

Bottom Row – Source-measure setup

LOAD Loads factory or user-defined scripts for execution.

RUN Runs last selected factory or user-defined scripts. STORE Stores readings, source values, and timestamp values in one of two internal buffers per

channel for later recall.

RECALL Recalls stored readings, source values, and timestamp values from either of the two buffers.

TRIG Triggers readings. MENU Accesses the Main Menu for saving and recalling setups, selecting remote interface, line

frequency, self-tests, serial number and beeper control.

EXIT Cancels selection, and backs out of menu structure. Used as a LOCAL key to take the unit

out of remote.

ENTER Accepts selection, moves to next choice or exits menu.

1-4 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

3. Range keys:

and Selects the next higher or lower source or measure range.

AUTO Enables or disables source or measure auto range.

4. Output control and LED status indicator:

OUTPUT ON/OFF Turns source output on or off.

LED indicator Turns on when output is on.

5. navigation wheel and CURSOR keys:

When in source edit, use CURSOR keys for cursor control and then turn the to change a source or compliance value. The can also be used to enable or disable the source edit mode.

When in a menu, use the CURSOR keys or for menu item cursor control. When displaying a menu value, use the CURSOR keys for cursor control and turn the to change the value. Pressing the opens a menu item, or selects a menu option or value.

6. Display indicators (not shown):

EDIT Unit is in the source editing mode.

ERR Questionable reading or invalid cal step.

REM Unit in remote mode.

TALK Unit addressed to talk.

LSTN Unit addressed to listen.

SRQ Service request.

REL Relative mode enabled.

FILT Analog filter or Averaging filter is enabled.

AUTO Auto source or measure range selected.

ARM Unit armed and ready to run.

TRIG External triggering selected.

* (asterisk) Readings being stored in buffer.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-5

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

Figure 1-2

Model 2601/2602/2611/2612 rear panel

MADE IN

U.S.A.

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS

WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

SourceMeter

DIGITAL I/O

IEEE-488

CAT I

CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS

WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

LISTED

4ZA4

Model 2601/2611

45 7 8

Model 2602/2612

MADE IN

U.S.A.

LISTED

SourceMeter

4ZA4

RS-232

TSP-Link

RS-232

TSP-Link

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LINE FUSE

SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V

LINE RATING

LO LO HIHI GGGG

CHANNEL A CAT I

LINE FUSE

SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V

LINE RATING

LO LO HIHI GGGG

100-240VAC

50, 60Hz

240VA MAX.

100-240VAC

50, 60Hz

240VA MAX.

45 7 8

1-6 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Model 2601/2602 and Model 2611/2612 rear panels

1. CHANNEL A and CHANNEL B (Channel B on Model 2602/2612 only)

Input/output connections for source, sense, and guard.

2. DIGITAL I/O

Female DB-25 connector. Fourteen pins for digital input or output, one pin for Output Enable. Use a cable equipped with a male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1CA).

3. IEEE-488

Connector for IEEE-488 (GPIB) operation. Use a shielded cable, such as the Model 7007-1 or Model 7007-2.

4. Cooling exhaust vent

Exhaust vent for internal cooling fan. Keep vent free of obstructions to prevent overheating.

5. Chassis ground

Ground screw for connections to chassis ground.

6. Low noise chassis ground

Ground jack for connecting Output HI or LO to chassis.

7. RS-232

Female DB-9 connector. For RS-232 operation, use a straight-through (not null modem) DB-9 shielded cable for connection to the PC (Keithley Instruments Model 7009-5).

8. TSP-Link

Expansion interface that allows a Series 2600 and other TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. Use a category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable (Keithley Instruments part number CA-180-3A).

9. Power module

Contains the AC line receptacle and power line fuse. The instrument can operate on line voltages of 100V to 240VAC at line frequencies of 50Hz or 60Hz. See Section 17 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for line fuse replacement instructions.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-7

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

Figure 1-3

Model 2635 and 2636 rear panel

MADE IN

U.S.A.

DIGITAL I/O

IEEE-488

Model 2635

GUARD

SENSE

CHANNEL B

A LO

SENSE

RS-232

SENSE

TSP-Link

GUARD

LINE RATING

100-240VAC

50, 60Hz

240VA MAX.

SENSE

HIHI

CHANNEL A

LINE FUSE

SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V

56 7

910

GUARD

SENSE

CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

IEEE-488

Model 2636

GUARD

SENSE

CHANNEL B

A LOB LO

SENSE

RS-232

TSP-Link

GUARD

LINE RATING

100-240VAC

50, 60Hz

240VA MAX.

SENSE

HIHI

CHANNEL A

LINE FUSE

SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V

MADE IN

U.S.A.

910

1-8 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Model 2635/2636 rear panels

1. CHANNEL A and CHANNEL B (Channel B on Model 2636 only)

Triax connectors for Input/output, guard, and sense connections. Use only low-noise triax cables such as the Keithley Model 7078-TRX (available in several lengths). Connector terminals and associated triax cable conductors are as follows:

Table 1-1

Connectors and triax cable conductors

Connector Center conductor Inner ring Outer ring

LO Sense LO Input/Output LO Chassis ground HI Input/Output HI Guard Chassis ground SENSE HI Sense HI Guard Chassis ground Triax cable Center conductor Inner shield Outer shield

2. DIGITAL I/O

Female DB-25 connector. Fourteen pins for digital input or output, one pin for safety interlock. Use a cable equipped with a male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1CA).

3. IEEE-488

Connector for IEEE-488 (GPIB) operation. Use a shielded cable, such as the Model 7007-1 or Model 7007-2.

4. Cooling exhaust vent

Exhaust vent for internal cooling fan. Keep vent free of obstructions to prevent overheating.

5. Chassis ground

Ground screw for connections to chassis ground.

6. RS-232

Female DB-9 connector. For RS-232 operation, use a straight-through (not null modem) DB-9 shielded cable for connection to the PC (Keithley Instruments Model 7009-5).

7. TSP-Link

8. Power module

9. Ground / LO (Triax connector)

Channel A and Channel B low noise chassis ground triax connectors. Use only low-noise triax cables such as the Keithley Model 7078-TRX. Connector terminals and associated triax cable connectors are as follows:

Table 1-2

Triax connector on ground module

Connector Center conductor Inner ring Outer ring

LO Output Lo Floating Chassis Ground Triax cable Center conductor Inner shield Outer shield

10. Ground / LO (Phoenix connector)

Channel A and Channel B Low noise chassis ground Phoenix connector.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-9

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

What are the source-measure capabilities?

Reference See the specifications in Appendix A of this manual as well as Sections 4 and 8 of

the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more detailed information.

Model 2601 and Model 2602

Basic DC source-measure capabilities for the Models 2601 and 2602 are listed in Table 1-3.

Table 1-3

Model 2601 and 2602 source-measure capabilities

Function Capabilities

Source ±DC voltage Source ±DC current

Measure ±DC voltage Measure ±DC current

1. 10A maximum available in pulse mode only.

Model 2611 and Model 2612

1μV to 40.4V 1pA to 3.03A

1μV to 40.8V 1pA to 3.06A

Basic DC source-measure capabilities for the Models 2611 and 2612 are listed in Table 1-4.

Table 1-4

Model 2611 and 2612 source-measure capabilities

Function Capabilities

Source ±DC voltage Source ±DC current Measure ±DC voltage Measure ±DC current

1. 10A maximum available in pulse mode only.

1μV to 202V 1pA to 1.515A 1μV to 204V 1pA to 1.53A

Model 2635 and Model 2636

Basic DC source-measure capabilities for the Models 2635 and 2636 are listed in Table 1-5.

Table 1-5

Model 2635 and 2636 source-measure capabilities

Function Capabilities

Source ±DC voltage Source ±DC current

Measure ±DC voltage Measure ±DC current

1μV to 202V 20fA to 1.515A

1μV to 204V 1fA to 1.53A

1-10 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

How do I power-up the instrument?

Reference See “Power-up” in Section 1 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on line power.

Step 1: Connect to line power

CAUTION Operating the instrument on an incorrect line voltage may cause damage

to the instrument, possibly voiding the warranty.

1. Before plugging in the power cord, make sure that the front panel power switch is in the off

(O) position.

2. Connect the female end of the supplied power cord to the AC receptacle on the rear panel.

Connect the other end of the power cord to a grounded AC outlet.

WARNING Failure to use a grounded outlet may result in personal injury or

death due to electric shock.

Step 2: Turn on power

Turn on the instrument by pressing the front panel power switch to the on (I) position. Assuming no errors occur, the Series 2600 will power-up as follows:

• After a few seconds with the OUTPUT indicators and display pixels on, the instrument model number and firmware revision levels are briefly displayed.

• The node and the GPIB address are displayed briefly as follows:

KEITHLEY MODEL 26xx NODE = 1 GPIB = 26

• The TSP-Link node and serial port parameters are displayed briefly:

KEITHLEY MODEL 26xx NODE = 1 SERIAL = 9600,8,N,1,NONE

Step 3: Set line frequency

The Series 2600 will operate at line frequencies of either 50Hz or 60Hz. For best measurement noise performance, the unit should be configured to match the actual line frequency used by selecting MENU > LINE-FREQ > 50Hz, 60Hz, or AUTO. (When set to AUTO, the SourceMeter will automatically detect the power line frequency at power-up.)

1. Instrument will display actual model number: 2601, 2602, 2611, 2612, 2635, or 2636.

2. Instrument will display actual model number: 2601, 2602, 2611, 2612, 2635, or 2636.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-11

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

How do I make measurements?

Reference For more detailed information, see the following information in Section 4 of the

Series 2600 Reference Manual:

• "Basic source-measure procedure"

• "Ohms measurements"

• "Power measurements"

The measurement procedure below demonstrates how to set up the Series 2600 to source 10V and measure current through a 10kΩ resistor.

WARNING Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard

terminals. To prevent electrical shock that could cause injury or death, NEVER make or break connections to the Series 2600 while the output is on. Power off the equipment from the front panel or disconnect the main power cord from the rear of the SourceMeter before handling cables connected to the outputs. Putting the equipment into standby does not guarantee the outputs are not powered if a hardware or software fault occurs.

Step 1: Connect the DUT

Connect a 10kΩ resistor to the SourceMeter Channel A HI and LO terminals as shown in

Figure 1-4 on page 1-14 (Models 2601/2602/2611/2612) or Figure 1-5 on page 1-15 (Models

2635/2636). See Section 3 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for complete information.

Step 2: Select source and set source level

Perform the following steps to select the voltage source and set the source value to 10V:

1. Press Channel A SRC to select the V-Source as indicated by the “V” units in the source

field on the display. The flashing cursor indicates which value is presently selected for editing.

2. Press the up RANGE key, and select the 20V source range (Model 2611/2612/2635/2636)

or 40V source range (Model 2601/2602). Use the lowest possible source range for best accuracy.

3. Use the CURSOR keys to move the cursor to the 10s digit, then press the navigation wheel to enter the EDIT mode (EDIT indicator displays).

4. Using either the numeric keys or the navigation wheel, set the source value to 10.0000V, then press ENTER or the navigation wheel.

Step 3: Set compliance limit

Perform the following steps to set the current compliance limit value to 10mA:

1. Put the Model 2602/2612/2636 in the single-channel display mode with the DISPLAY key.

2. Press the LIMIT key, then press ENTER or the navigation wheel.

3. Move the cursor to the 10s digit, then press the navigation wheel to enter the EDIT mode.

4. Using the numeric keys or the navigation wheel, set the limit value to 10.000mA, then press ENTER or the navigation wheel.

1-12 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Step 4: Select measurement function and range

1. Put the Model 2602/2612/2636 in the single-channel display mode with the DISPLAY key, then select the current measurement function by pressing MEAS or MODE.

2. Select the measurement range with the RANGE keys. For the purposes of this example, press AUTO RANGE, and note the AUTO indicator displays. The instrument will automatically select the best range based on the measured value. You can also use manual ranging by pressing the up or down RANGE key, but be sure to use the lowest possible range for best accuracy.

Step 5: Turn output on

Turn the output on by pressing the appropriate OUTPUT ON/OFF key. The ON/OFF indicator LED will turn on when the channel output is on.

NOTE The Models 2611, 2612, 2635, and 2636 are equipped with a safety

interlock circuit that prevents operation on the 200V range if the circuit is not energized. This circuit is illustrated in

1-15. Refer to Section 10 of the Series 2600 Reference manual for

more information.

Figure 1-5 on page

Step 6: Make measurements

1. Observe the readings on the display. (Press TRIG if necessary to trigger the unit to begin taking readings.) For the single-channel display mode, the readings will appear on the top line, while source and limit values are on the bottom line. For the 10kΩ resistor under test, typical display values are:

1.00000mA

SrcA: +10.0000 VLimA:010.0000mA

2. Use the DISPLAY key to cycle through the various display modes shown in Figure 1-6 on

page 1-15. (The User State display messages are defined with specific display commands;

see Section 14 of the Series 2600 Reference manual.)

3. Press the MEAS key several times to display measured voltage, resistance, and power. Typical values for the 10kΩ resistor are: 10.0000V, 10.0000kΩ, and 10.0000mW.

Step 7: Turn output off

When finished making measurements, turn the output off by pressing the OUTPUT ON/OFF key. The OUTPUT indicator light will turn off.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-13

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Figure 1-4

Model 2602/2612

Low-Noise Chassis Ground Banana Jack and Chassis Screw

Series 2600

Low-Noise

Chassis Ground

Banana Jack

Chassis

Screw

Chassis

FVR

Signal

Ground

1) Frequency Variable Resistor (FVR)  Isolates the SMUs from high frequencies on the chassis.

For DC to 60Hz, the FVR is a virtual short (zero ohms).

2) DO NOT use the Chassis Screw terminal to

make signal connections to external circuitry. High frequency (>1MHz) on the chassis may result in higher noise at the output.

Signal

Ground

Chassis

Model 2636

Signal Ground is a local signal ground and defined as the Low-Noise Chassis Ground Banana Jack.

Chassis is defined as the metal chassis of the Series 2600.

Chassis Screw terminal is connected to the metal chassis of the Series 2600.

1-14 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Figure 1-5

Interlock circuit

Read by firmware

INTERLOCK pin

(on DIGITAL I/O connector)

Figure 1-6

Display modes

1.00000mA .    V

SrcA:+10.0000V SrcB:+000.000mV

Press DISPLAY key

10kW

Chassis ground

Rear panel

Coil resistance

145W +/- 10%

Source-Measure display for SMU A and SMU B:

Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W). Bottom line displays the source function (V or A)

and level.

+220V supply

-220V supply

To output stage

1.00000mA

SrcA:+10.0000V LimA:10.0000mA

Press DISPLAY key

.    V

SrcB:+000.000mV LimB:100.000mA

Press DISPLAY key

User State

Press DISPLAY key

Source-Measure and Compliance Limit display for SMU A:

Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W) Bottom line displays the source function (V or A) and level,

and the compliance limit (A or V).

Source-Measure and Compliance Limit display for SMU B:

Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W) Bottom line displays the source function (V or A) and level,

and the compliance limit (A or V).

Display for user-defined messages and prompts.

     Indicates that a measured reading has not been

triggered.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-15

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

How do I use the buffer?

Reference See Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more detailed information on

using the buffer.

The instrument has two buffers per channel that can store from 1 to more than 100,000 readings. Each buffer reading is numbered and can also include the source value and a timestamp.

The following example shows how to store 100 readings, source values, and timestamps in Channel A, Buffer 1 and recall them from the front panel.

Step 1: Connect the DUT

Connect a 10kΩ resistor to the Channel A HI and LO terminals (see Figure 1-4 on page 1-14).

Step 2: Set up source and measure functions

Using the procedure described in “How do I make measurements?” on page 1-12, set up source and measure functions:

• Source function: volts

• Source range: 20V (2611/2612/2635/2636) or 40V (2601/2602)

• Source value: 10V

• Measure function: current

• Measure range: auto

Step 3: Configure the buffer

1. From the front panel, press the STORE key. The Count screen displays.

2. Use the navigation wheel to select the number of readings and then press ENTER.

NOTE You can store up to 100.

3. Choose CONFIG > STORE > CHANA_BUFF, then the press the navigation wheel to select Channel A.

4. Select DEST > CHANA_BUFFER1, and then press ENTER.

NOTE The message “Cant’ change dest buffers” while storing displays if the

instrument is in store mode.

5. Choose

Complete the following steps to clear the Buffer 1.

1. Select BUFFER1 > CLEAR.

2. Select YES.

3. Choose ELEMENTS.

4. Select SRC-VAL and then choose ON to enable the source value.

5. Select TSTAMP and then choose ON to enable timestamps.

6. Press EXIT until the normal display.

CHANA-BUFF1

, then press the

navigation wheel

to set up Buffer 1.

1-16 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation

Step 4: Turn on the output

Press the CHAN A (Model 2602/2612/2636) OUTPUT ON/OFF key to turn on the source output.

Step 5: Store readings

1. Press the STORE key to enable storage. The * (asterisk) indicator displays.

2. Press EXIT to stop data storage.

Step 6: Turn off the output

• Press the OUTPUT ON/OFF key to turn off the output after storage has completed.

Step 7: Recall readings

1. Press the RECALL key to access buffer readings. (Repeatedly pressing RECALL will cycle through Buffer 1 then Buffer 2 for Channel A and then Channel B). A message will be displayed if a buffer is empty.

2. Note the buffer display data (see Figure 1-7):

• The reading is on the top display at the left.

• The buffer location number is on the right. For example, location #000001 indicates that the displayed reading is stored at the first memory location.

• The source value is positioned at the lower left side of the display.

• The timestamp is positioned at the lower right side. The first source-measure reading stored in the buffer (#000001) is time stamped at 00000000.001 seconds. Subsequent readings are time stamped relative to when the time storage was started. The interval between readings will depend on the reading rate.

3. To display the other readings stored in the buffer, choose the desired memory location number:

• Use the to increment and decrement the selected digit of the location number.

• Set the cursor position with the or CURSOR keys.

4. To exit from the data store recall mode, press EXIT.

Figure 1-7

Buffer display format

Reading

Source Value

(SrcA1= Chan. A, Buffer 1)

1.00000 mA #0000001

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.001s

Use Knob

Buffer Location Number

Timestamp (seconds)

1.00000 mA #0000002

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.002s

Note: Source values and timestamps

Use Knob

will be displayed only if enabled when buffer is configured.

1.00000 mA #0000003

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.003s

Use Knob

1.00000 mA #0000004

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.004s

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 1-17

Section 1: Front and Rear Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

1-18 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Remote Operation

In this section:

Top ic Page

Section 2

How do I use the remote interface?.................................................

Connect to the interface ...............................................................

Select the interface .......................................................................

Configure the interface .................................................................

How do I use Test Script Builder? ...................................................

Run Test Script Builder .................................................................

Open and close an instrument resource .......................................

Save and clear console window ...................................................

Select command and language reference views ..........................

How do I use TSB to make measurements?...................................

Reset instrument...........................................................................

Select source function and set output value .................................

Set compliance value and measure range ...................................

Turn on output...............................................................................

Make a measurement ...................................................................

Print the result...............................................................................

Turn off output...............................................................................

How do I use other programs?

Using LabVIEW ............................................................................

Using Visual Basic ........................................................................

2-2

2-2 2-2 2-3

2-3

2-3 2-6 2-7 2-7

2-7

2-8 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-9

2-10

2-10 2-12

Section 2: Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

How do I use the remote interface?

Reference See Section 11 of the Keithley Instruments Series 2600 System Series 2600®

Reference Manual for detailed information on communications interfaces.

Step 1: Connect to the interface

See Figure 1-2 on page 1-6 for the locations of the GPIB (IEEE-488) and RS-232 connectors, and make connections as follows:

• GPIB – Use a shielded IEEE-488 cable such as the Keithley Instruments Model 7007 to connect the Series 2600 IEEE-488 connector to the GPIB connector on the computer (see

Figure 2-1).

• RS-232 – Use a shielded 9-pin RS-232 cable like the Keithley Instruments Model 7009-5 to connect the Series 2600 RS-232 connector to the serial port of the computer (see Figure 2-2).

Figure 2-1

GPIB cable

Connect one end of the cable to the host

Side View Side View

PC and the other end to the SourceMeter.

Both cable connectors are identical.

Figure 2-2

RS-232 cable

Straight-through RS-232 Cable

Male DB-9 Connector

(connect to SourceMeter)

Pin View

Step 2: Select the interface

GPIB Cable

Female DB-9 Connector

(connect to PC)

Pin View

1. Press MENU and then choose one of the following:

–GPIB –RS-232 –AUTO

2-2 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 2: Remote Operation

Step 3: Configure the interface

GPIB interface configuration

Set the primary address using the following procedure. The Series 2600 primary address must be the same as that specified in your program, or the two devices will not be able to communicate.

1. Press MENU > GPIB and then press the ENTER.

2. Select ADDRESS and then press the ENTER.

The Address screen displays.

3. Turn the navigation wheel to the right or to the left to select the desired number.

4. Push in on the navigation wheel and then turn the navigation wheel to the left or to the

right to choose an address.

NOTE The address can range from 1-30.

5. Press the navigation wheel to set the address.

6. Press EXIT to until the Main Menu displays.

RS-232 interface configuration

Set RS-232 parameters as covered below. The Series 2600 RS-232 parameters must agree with those of the computer serial port, or the two devices will not be able communicate.

1. Press MENU to view the main menu.

2. Choose RS-232, then press ENTER.

3. Choose the following options:

–Select BAUD and then choose the desired option. – Choose BITS and then select the appropriate option. –Select PARITY and then choose the desired. – Choose FLOW-CTRL and then select the appropriate option.

6. Press EXIT until the Main Menu displays.

How do I use Test Script Builder?

Reference See Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for complete details on using

the Test Script Builder.

Step 1: Run Test Script Builder

Run the Test Script Builder program in the Keithley Instruments folder in the usual manner. The initial startup screen shown in screen are briefly described below.

Main Bar

Figure 2-3 on page 2-5 will be displayed. The main sections of the

The menu contain following options:

File – Use this option to control projects and files.

Edit – Performs a number of editing functions on script files.

Navigate – Navigates through projects.

Project – Opens, closes, and builds projects.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 2-3

Section 2: Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Run – Runs scripts.

Window – Selects which window to display.

Help – Provides access to online help files.

Project Navigator pane

The window pane on the left side is where the Project Navigator resides. The navigator consists of created project folders and the script files (.tsp) created for each project. Each project folder can have one or more script files.

Script Development pane

The script chunk is written in the upper window pane. It is in this area that scripts are written and/or modified. Notice that there is a tab available for each opened script file. A script project is then downloaded to the Series 2600 and run.

Series 2600/Script Interaction pane

A number of tabs in the lower window pane provide additional interaction between the Test Script Builder, the Series 2600 and the opened script (the tabs displayed will depend on those selected in the menu).

Key tabs include:

Instrument Console – The Instrument Console is used to send commands to the connected Series 2600. Retrieved data (e.g., readings) from commands and scripts appear in the console.

Problems – When a script is saved, error checking is performed. If a script error is detected, an “X” will appear in the script at or near the corrupt line of code. The Problems tab in the lower window pane will open automatically and provide a description of the error.

Tasks – When writing a script, a double dash (--) is used to designate that the text that follows is a comment and not script code. When using the “--TODO” comment in a script, it will also appear in the Tasks tab, where additional information can be added.

Command Help – Provides online help to the Instrument Command Library (ICL).

Language Help – Provides online help to the TSL programming language.

Control icons

Control icons (shown in Figure 2-4 on page 2-6) include:

1. Open/Close Instrument – Opens instrument resource if closed. Closes instrument resource if open.

2. Clear Console Window – Clears instrument console window.

3. Abort Execution – Halts execution of commands or scripts.

4. Reset – Aborts whatever the unit is doing and resets everything to the default state with the

output off.

5. Send Software Trigger – Sends a software trigger to take readings.

6. Delete a Script From NVRAM – Brings up a window that lists the scripts stored in the

unit’s non-volatile memory, and allows you to remove scripts.

7. Menu – Accesses the console menu.

8. Minimize/Maximize – Minimizes or maximizes the console window.

2-4 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 2: Remote Operation

Figure 2-3

Test Script Builder i

nitial startup screen

Menu Bar

Script Development Pane

Navigator

Pane

SourceMeter/Script Interaction Pane

Control

Icons

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 2-5

Section 2: Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Figure 2-4

Instrument console control icons

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Step 2: Open and close an instrument resource

Before you can send commands or run scripts to control the Series 2600, you must first open the instrument resource as follows:

1. Click on the Open Instrument icon (see Figure 2-4).

2. Choose the desired instrument from the dialog box (see Figure 2-5) drop-down menu to select a communications resource:

• GPIB – At the factory, the GPIB address for the Series 2600 is set to 26. If using the GPIB interface board 0 and address 26, the resource setting should be GPIB0::26::INSTR. Resource settings for other GPIB board numbers and primary addresses are available from the dialog box.

• RS-232 – Typically, the COM1 serial port of the PC is used for RS-232 communications. For COM1, use the ASRL1::INSTR resource setting. Resource settings for other COM ports are available from the dialog box.

3. If you select the Simulate option, the Instrument Console will become active even though

there will be no actual communication with the Series 2600. You can simulate running a script or sending a command, but the Series 2600 will not respond.

4. To close the resource, click on the Instrument icon again. The resource will close, and the

console window will become inactive.

2-6 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 2: Remote Operation

Figure 2-5

Select Instrument Resource dialog box

Step 3: Save and clear console window

You can save and clear the console window as follows:

• Save console – Click on the Menu arrow (Figure 2-3), choose Save Console, then choose

the folder and filename desired.

• Clear console – Click on the Clear Console icon (Figure 2-3) to clear the console window.

Step 4: Select command and language reference views

You can access online help for the ICL (Instrument Control Library) and TSL (Test Script Language) as follows:

• ICL: Click on the Command Help tab at the top, then click the Maximize icon. You can then

quickly get information on all commands in the library.

• TSL: Click on the Language Help tab at the top, then click the Maximize icon to quickly

access details on the script language.

How do I use TSB to make measurements?

Reference See “Remote source-measure procedure” in Section 4 and Section 12 of the Series

2600 Reference Manual for details on instrument commands.

The following procedure uses the TSB Instrument Console to send commands to source voltage and measure current on Channel A using a 10kΩ resistor as the DUT. The complete command sequence as it would appear in the console window is shown in instrument responses.

The procedure assumes the DUT (10kΩ resistor) is already connected to the Series 2600 (Figure

1-4 on page 1-14), and that the instrument resource has already been opened (“Open and close an instrument resource” on page 2-6).

Figure 2-6 on page 2-9 along with

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 2-7

Section 2: Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

WARNING Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard

terminals. To prevent electrical shock that could cause injury or death, NEVER make or break connections to the Series 2600 while the output is on. Power off the equipment from the front panel or disconnect the main power cord from the rear of the Series 2600 before handling cables connected to the outputs. Putting the equipment into standby does not guarantee the outputs are not powered if a hardware or software fault occurs.

Step 1: Reset instrument

A good practice is to reset the instrument to its default settings before the start of a test. To reset the Series 2600, type the following command into the console window, then press the Return key:

reset()

For a Model 2602, 2612, or 2636 you can restore defaults of Channel A or Channel B respectively as follows:

smua.reset() smub.reset()

Step 2: Select source function and set output value

Enter the following commands to select the source voltage function, set the source range to 20V (Model 2611/2612/2635/2636) or 40V Model 2601/2602), and set the source value to 10V:

smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.rangev = 40 (Use for Model 2601/2602) smua.source.rangev = 20 (Use for Model 2611/2612/2635/2636) smua.source.levelv = 10

Step 3: Set compliance value and measure range

Enter the following commands to set the compliance limit and measure range to 10mA:

smua.source.limiti = 10e-3 smua.measure.rangei = 10e-3

Step 4: Turn on output

Send the following command to turn on the output:

smua.source.output =smua.OUTPUT_ON

Step 5: Make a measurement

Enter the following command to take a current measurement:

reading = smua.measure.i()

Step 6: Print the result

Print the result in the console window with the following command:

print(reading)

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 2: Remote Operation

Note that the reading response will appear in the console window (Figure 2-6).

Alternatively, you can also take and print readings by including the appropriate measure command as the argument in the print command. For example, the following commands will take and print ohms and power readings respectively:

print(smua.measure.r()) print(smua.measure.p())

Again, readings will be displayed in the console window.

Step 7: Turn off output

Send the following command to turn off the output when measurements are complete:

smua.source.output =smua.OUTPUT_OFF

Figure 2-6

Source-measure command sequence in console window

(2601/2602 version shown)

Reset SourceMeter Select volts function Set source range to 40V Set source level to 10V Set current limit to 10mA Set measure range to 10mA Turn on output Take current reading Print current reading Instrument response Print resistance reading Instrument response Print power reading Instrument response Turn off output

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Section 2: Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

How do I use other programs?

Reference See the LabVIEW and Visual Basic documentation for details on using those

programs.

Basic source-measure examples using LabVIEW and Visual Basic are shown below. See also Section 3 for more examples to load and run scripts.

Using LabVIEW

The source-measure example using LabVIEW is shown in Figure 2-7. The test steps are:

1. Reset instrument.

2. Select source voltage function.

3. Set source output voltage.

4. Turn on output.

5. Take current measurement.

6. Reset instrument.

The command sequence for this source-measure example is shown below:

localnode.prompts = 0 --Disable prompts.

reset() --Reset Series 2600.

smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS --Select voltage source function.

smua.source.levelv = volts --Set voltage source level.

smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON --Turn on source output.

print(smua.measurei()) --Take and return current reading.

reset() - Reset Series 2600.

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 2: Remote Operation

Figure 2-7

LabVIEW source-measure example block diagram

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 2-11

Section 2: Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Using Visual Basic

User interface

The GUI (graphical user interface) shown in Figure 2-8 was created to demonstrate how to control a Keithley Instruments Series 2600 instrument Sourcementer using Visual Basic 6.0. Source code for this example program can be downloaded from the Keithley Instruments internet site, www.keithley.com.

Figure 2-8

Visual Basic example user interface

Using the Series 2600 as a traditional GPIB instrument

The following pseudocode describes how the Series 2600 will be configured and controlled to source voltage and measure current for this example. Some of the settings are default values restored by resetting the instrument, but they are included to show a typical setup and measure sequence that might be used for such a test.

1. Reset Series 2600 to default settings.

2. Set display to show SMU A source and limit settings.

3. Set display to show current measurement.

4. Set source function to DCV.

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 2: Remote Operation

5. Enable source autorange.

6. Set source level to 5V.

7. Set current compliance to 100mA.

8. Set current measurement range to 100mA.

9. Set integration time to 1PLC.

10. Turn on SMU A output.

11. Measure the current and put reading in instrument output queue. This step is similar to using a SCPI “READ?” query to take a single reading.

12. Turn off SMU A output.

Command sequence

The commands that implement the pseudocode are listed below. The syntax for the “send” and “enter” commands is for a Keithley Instruments GPIB card. To use a Keithley Instruments GPIB card in Visual Basic, you must include the “ieeevb.bas” module in your project. This module is included on the CD that comes with your GPIB card.

When you click the “Run with GPIB” button on the GUI, the commands are sent to the Series 2600 and executed. The single reading returned by these commands is displayed in the Data text box as shown in

Figure 2-9 on page 2-14.

NOTE Addr% is the GPIB address of the instrument and is assigned the

value of 26.

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 0", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "reset()", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "display.screen = display.SMUA", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS",

intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.levelv = 5", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.limiti = 0.1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.measure.rangei = 0.1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.measure.nplc = 1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "print(smua.measure.i())", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF", intStatus) Call enter(strBuffer, 256, intNbytes, Addr%, intStatus) txtData.Text = strBuffer

Using VISA

Clicking on the “Run with VISA” button will send the same commands to the Series 2600 using National Instruments to GPIB interface #1. Once again, a Keithley Instruments GPIB card was used for this example. However, VISA allows the same code to be used with GPIB cards made by other manufacturers, or with altogether different interfaces such as the RS-232 or the Ethernet.

(NI) VISA. The VISA resource is for an instrument at address 26 connected

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 2-13

Section 2: Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Figure 2-9

Example program test results

2-14 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

In this section:

Topic Page

Section 3

Test Script Processor Interaction

What is a script? ...............................................................................

Factory scripts ..............................................................................

User scripts...................................................................................

How do I run a script from the front panel? ...................................

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder?.............

Running a factory script ................................................................

Modifying a factory script ..............................................................

Running the user script.................................................................

Deleting a user script and user tests ............................................

How do I use other programs? ........................................................

Using LabVIEW ............................................................................

Using Visual Basic ........................................................................

3-2

3-2 3-2

3-2

3-3

3-3 3-5 3-10 3-11

3-11

3-11 3-13

Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

What is a script?

Reference See “Programming overview” in Section 2 of the Keithley Instruments Series 2600

A script is a collection of instrument control commands and programming statements to perform one or more operations or tasks. A script is stored in a Series 2600 and is run by its Test Script Processor (TSP).

Factory scripts

The Series 2600 is shipped from the factory with at least one factory script stored in it’s nonvolatile memory. Each factory script is made up of a series of functions to perform specific tests. A factory script function can be called (run) from the front panel or called using remote programming. A factory script cannot be deleted from non-volatile memory.

User scripts

A user script is a script created by a user using the Test Script Builder or an external program. The user script is loaded in the Series 2600 and stored in volatile or non-volatile memory. If stored in non-volatile memory, the script will not be lost when the instrument is turned off.

Keithley Instruments will be posting approved user scripts donated by registered users on its web site. You will be able to download these user scripts into your Series 2600. Visit www.keithley.com for details.

System Series 2600 fundamentals.

Instruments Reference Manual for more information on script

How do I run a script from the front panel?

Reference See “Factory scripts” and “User Scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for details on running scripts.

Choose to run scripts from the following options:

•Factory

•Users

•Scripts

All factory script functions are interactive if accessed from the front panel. This means you must manually enter the parameters.

A user script can be non-interactive or interactive. A non-interactive script does not require user input.

NOTE If the Series 2600 is in remote operation, press the LOCAL key to

return control to the front panel.

To run the script from the front panel:

1. Press the LOAD key to display the LOAD TEST menu.

2. Position the blinking cursor on the FACTORY or USER menu item and press ENTER (or the

navigation wheel). Keep in mind that the Series 2600 is shipped with no user scripts loaded.

3. Position the blinking cursor on the test to be run, and then press ENTER.

4. Press the RUN key to start the test.

5. Enter required test parameters using the front panel controls.

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

Reading the buffer – Test data is stored in a buffer. See “How do I use the buffer?” on page 1-16 for details on recalling test data.

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder?

Reference See “Using the Test Script Builder” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for details on the Test Script Builder.

The following function for factory script “KIGeneral” is stored in the non-volatile memory of the Series 2600:

PulseVMeasureI(smu, bias, level, ton, toff, points)

The above function performs a specified number of pulse V, measure I cycles:

• Sets the smu to output bias volts and dwell for ton seconds.

• Sets the smu to output level volts and dwell for ton seconds.

• Performs current measurement with the source at level volts.

• Sets the smu to output bias volts for toff seconds.

• Repeats the above sequence for points pulse-measure cycles.

Figure 3-1 shows one pulse-measure cycle for the function.

Figure 3-1

Pulse-measure cycle for the

bias

ton toff

Running a factory script

Reference See “Factory scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details

on running factory scripts.

NOTE All commands to run a factory script are to be executed from the

Instrument Console of the Test Script Builder.

The following steps explain how to run the PulseVMeasureI function and read the data stored in

the buffer.

NOTE The “KIGeneral” factory script is an autorun script. The script runs

automatically when the Series 2600 is turned on. The functions of the script are ready to be called.

Step 1: Call the function

level

ton

PulseVMeasureI function

Current measurement

bias

The following are example parameters for the PulseVMeasureI function which will perform three pulse voltage, measure current cycles:

smu SMU A bias -1V level 1V ton 1ms toff 2ms

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Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

points 3

The following command will execute the PulseVMeasureI function using the above parameters:

PulseVMeasureI(smua, -1, 1, 1E-3, 2E-3, 3)

Step 2: Read the buffer

Reference See in Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more details on the

reading buffers.

The above function stores the three current measurements in the reading buffer (

smua.nvbuffer1). Also stored in the buffer are the voltage source settings and timestamps for

the measurements. The timestamps (in seconds) are referenced to the start of the test. The timer for the timestamps starts at zero seconds when the test is started.

The printbuffer function is used to print (output) measured readings, timestamps and/or source values stored in the buffers.

Print readings – The following code will return the three measured current readings stored in

nvbuffer1:

rb1 = smua.nvbuffer1

printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1)

Example output: 1.234567e-03, 2.362360e-03, 2.362368e-03

For the above printbuffer function, 1 is the starting index for values to print, rb1.n is the ending index (for this function,

n = 3), and rb1 is the reading buffer (smua.nvbuffer1).

Print time stamps – The following command will print the time stamps for the three measured current readings:

printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1.timestamps)

Example output: 5.555555e-02, 8.888888e-02, 1.111111e-01

Print source values – The following command will print the voltage source values for the three measured current readings:

printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1.sourcevalues)

Output: 1.000000e+00, 1.000000e+00, 1.000000e+00

Print readings, time stamps and source values – The following command will return the three sets of data (nine values) in the same message:

printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1, rb1.timestamps, rb1.sourcevalues)

Example output:

1.234567e-03, 5.555555e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362360e-03, 8.888888e-02,

1.000000e+00, 2.362368e-03, 1.111111e-01, 1.000000e+00

The above output is returned in the following order:

reading1, timestamp1, sourcevalue1, reading2, timestamp2, sourcevalue2, reading3, timestamp3, sourcevalue3

Calling a function without parameters

When the command to call a script function is sent without parameters, input value fields and messages will appear on the display to prompt the operator to input the parameters using the front panel controls.

The following command will call the SourceVMeasureI function and then require operator interaction:

PulseVMeasureI()

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

After sending the above command, the Series 2600 display will prompt the operator to input the following parameters from the front panel:

• Enter BIAS voltage.

• Enter PULSE (level) voltage.

• Enter pulse ON time.

• Enter pulse OFF time.

• Enter number of pulses (points).

After the operator keys in each parameter and presses the ENTER key (or the navigation wheel), the display will proceed to the next input prompt. After the last parameter (number of pulses) is entered, the test will continue.

The following message will be displayed when the test is finished:

PulseVMeasureI

Test complete.

Modifying a factory script

Reference See “Factory scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on modifying a factory script.

A factory script can be imported from the Series 2600 into the Test Script Builder where it can be modified. The modified script can then be loaded back into the Series 2600 and saved as a user script.

The following procedure will import the KIGeneral factory script into the Test Script Builder, modify code for the SourceVMeasureI function, load the script in the Series 2600 as a user script under a different name, and then configure the test to call the SourceVMeasureI function.

Step 1: Importing a factory script project

A factory script project is made of many executable functions. The SourceVMeasureI function is one of the functions that make up the KIGeneral factory script that is stored in the Series 2600.

Figure 3-2 shows how to import the KIGeneral factory script project from the Series 2600 into the

Test Script Builder. After importing the script, the project will appear as a folder in the Project Navigator with a script file named “main.tst” (see

Figure 3-3).

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Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Figure 3-2

Importing a factory script project from the Series 2600

A) Click File to display the drop-down file menu

and click Import to open the Import wizard.

B) In the Import Select box, click Existing Project

From Instrument and then click Next.

D) In the Import Project From Instrument box, click

the KIGeneral project, and then cllick Finish.

KIGeneral

C) Import Open/Close instrument box  With

communications to the Series 2600 open, click

Next.

If communications are not open, use the drop-down menu to select a resource and click Open

KIGeneral

Step 2: Modifying the test code for the SourceVMeasureI function

As shown in Figure 3-3, the test code for the script functions is contained in the tab for the “main.tsp” script file. The test code for all of the functions of the KIGeneral factory script are in this tab. Use the scroll buttons on the right side of the tab to view more code.

Editing example

The following line of code in the “main.tsp” script file applies to the SourceVMeasureI function:

92bias = display.prompt("+00.000", " Seconds", "Enter BIAS Voltage.", 0, -

40, 40)

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

The above command defines a display input field and message prompt for entering the bias voltage. The

-40 parameter sets the minimum voltage that can be entered, and the 40 parameter

sets the maximum voltage that can be entered.

Now assume you wish to change the bias input limits to ±10V. Edit the line of code to the following:

92bias = display.prompt("+00.000", " Seconds", "Enter BIAS Voltage.", 0, -

10, 10)

Saving the script – After modifying the script file, it must be saved by clicking the save icon on the toolbar of the Test Script Builder as follows:

Click to save the main.tsp script file

Figure 3-3

KIGeneral project imported into the Test Script Builder

Project Navigator

Step 3: Storing the script in non-volatile memory of the Series 2600

Test Code

Reference See “User scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on storing user scripts in non-volatile memory.

After modifying a factory script, it can be loaded back into the Series 2600 and saved in nonvolatile memory as a user script.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 3-7

Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

1. The Run configuration box is used to launch (load) a user script into the Series 2600 and save it in non-volatile memory. As shown below, open the Run box and then click Run in the dropdown menu:

Click Run and then click Run in the drop-down menu.

NOTE Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5 show how the Run box will look after the

launch is configured.

2. In the Configurations area of the Run box, select the KIGeneral script. The launch configuration tabs for that script will appear in the Run box.

3. Presently, the Name of the script is KIGeneral. You should change the name so the script is not confused with the factory script of the same name that resides in the Series 2600. Change the script Name to KIGeneralUser and click the Apply button.

4. As shown in Figure 3-4, the main.tsp file must be in the Load Order area of the Run box. If it is in the Available Project Files area, double-click main.tsp to move the file over.

5. Click the Script Attributes tab to display the load and store options and select the LoadOnly run action and Non-volatile storage as shown in

Figure 3-5.

6. Click the Apply button to set the run configuration.

7. Click the Run key to load the user script into non-volatile memory of the Series 2600.

NOTE There is small bar graph at the bottom-right of the Test Script Builder

that will appear while a script is loading. The bar graph will continuously sequence through its segments while the script is loading.

3-8 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

Figure 3-4

Run configuration example - Main tab shown

Changing the script Name from KIGeneral to KIGeneralUser also changes the name in the Configurations area.

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Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Figure 3-5

Run configuration example - Script Attributes tab shown

Running the user script

Reference See “User scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on

running a user script.

Remote programming

The functions for the KIGeneralUser user script can be called after the script is run as follows:

KIGeneralUser()

After the above command is executed, any of the functions that make up the user script can be called in the same manner that factory script functions are called (see “

page 3-3).

Front panel operation

To run the script from the front panel, a test name has to be added to the USER TESTS submenu of the LOAD TEST menu. Since the KIGeneralUser script is made up of eight functions, a front panel user test must run the script and also call a function. The following command will add the test name “PulseVMeasI” to the menu. It will also configure the test to run the script and call the

display.loadmenu.add("PulseVMeasI", "KIGeneralUser() PulseVMeasureI()", display.SAVE)

PulseVMeasureI function:

Step 1: Call the function” on

KIGeneralUser

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

Since no parameters are used in the function (PulseVMeasureI()), the test will be interactive and require the operator to input the test parameters using the front panel controls. See “

run a script from the front panel?” on page 3-2 for details on running a user script from the front

panel.

The command display.loadmenu.add can be used to configure front panel user tests for the other functions of the script. Make sure to use a different menu name for each function. For example, the following command will add the name “PulseIMeasV” for a test to call the

PulseIMeasureV function.

display.loadmenu.add("PulseIMeasV", "KIGeneralUser() PulseIMeasureV()", display.SAVE)

Reference See “Load test menu” in Section 14 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details

on the

display.loadmenu.add function.

How do I

Deleting a user script and user tests

Deleting a user script

A user script can be deleted from non-volatile memory of the Series 2600. The following command will delete the

KIGeneralUser user script:

script.delete("KIGeneralUser")

Deleting a user test

After deleting a script, you should also delete the test from the USER TESTS menu since it no longer exists. The following command deletes the “PulseVMeasI” test from the menu:

display.loadmenu.delete("PulseVMeasI")

Reference See “User scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on deleting a user script. See “Load test menu” in Section 14 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on deleting user tests from the front panel USER TESTS menu.

How do I use other programs?

Reference See the LabVIEW and Visual Basic documentation for details on using those

programs.

Using LabVIEW

Source step example

The source step example is shown in Figure 3-6. The example steps the source voltage from 1V to 10V in 1V steps, measures the current at each step, and stores the result in a table. Once all steps are completed, the stored table current values are printed.

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Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

The Series 2600 command sequence:

localnode.prompts = 0 -- Disable prompts. data_table = {} -- Clear table. reset() -- Reset Series 2600. smua.source.output = 1 -- Turn on source output. for i=1,10 do -- Loop for 10 steps.

smua.source.levelv = i -- Set source level. mi = smua.measure.i() -- Take a current measurement.

table.insert(data_table,mi) -- Store measurement in table. end -- End of loop. smua.source.output = 0 -- Turn off output. print(table.concat(data_table,’,’)) -- Print table of current values. reset() -- Reset instrument.

Figure 3-6

LabVIEW source step example

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

Using Visual Basic

NOTE The form file (UserManualExample.frm) can be opened using any

text editor to view the code executed by the various command buttons.

The following examples look at how you can download and run Model 2600 Series scripts using Visual Basic. Two scripts were created for these examples. Both scripts are based on the pseudocode and instrument commands presented in traditional GPIB instrument while they perform multiple measurements. Source code for this example program can be downloaded from the Keithley Instruments internet site, www.keithley.com.

Example script 1 – script that does not use functions

The following script is in the file named “MeasCurrScript.tsp.” Note that the actual script contains additional comments, which have not been included here. Comments are identified by double dashes (--).

reset() display.screen = display.SMUA display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON smua.source.levelv = 5 smua.source.limiti = 0.1 smua.measure.rangei = 0.1 smua.measure.nplc = 1 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON ntimes = 10 for i = 1, ntimes do -- Perform following command(s) ntimes.

print(smua.measure.i()) -- Measure current and put reading in output queue. end --for smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF

Section 2 on using the Series 2600 as a

The primary code that reads the file and downloads the script to the Series 2600 is listed below. This code is executed when you select the Load “Non-Function” Script option, and then click the Load Script (GPIB) command button. Although not required, TSP prompts are enabled for this example because they provide useful test script processor status information when loading and running scripts. See the Series 2600 System Series 2600 Instruments Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information about using prompts. As the script is being downloaded, it is displayed in the Script text box of the GUI (Graphical User Interface), as shown in

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 3-13

Figure 3-7.

Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.showerrors = 0", intStatus)

--Disable automatic display of errors - leave error messages in queue and enable Error Prompt. The “localnode” is unit being communicated with via GPIB or RS-232.

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 1", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

Open App.Path & "\" & "MeasCurrScript.tsp" For Input As #1

Call send(Addr%, "loadscript MeasCurrScript", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

--Turn on prompts; need to start handling the prompts as soon as this command is sent.

--Open the script file for sequential input.

--“loadscript” identifies the beginning of the script. “MeasCurrScript” is the name assigned to the script.

--Read the file.

Do While Not EOF(1)

Line Input #1, strScriptline --Read a line from the script file. Call send(Addr%, strScriptline, intStatus)

--Loop until the end of the script file.

--Send script line to Series 2600.

strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() strReturnMessage = Left(strReturnMessage,

Select Case strReturnMessage

Case ">>>>"

Case "TSP>"

--Continuation prompt. TSP received script line successfully; waiting for next line.

--Ready prompt. TSP received script successfully; ready for next command.

Exit Do Case "TSP?"

--Error prompt. Error occurred; handle as desired. Use “errorqueue” commands to read and clear errors.

Case Else --No prompt received.

Response other than shell prompt was received; handle as desired.

End Select Loop Close #1

Call send(Addr%, "endscript", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 0", intStatus)

--Close the script file.

--Tell TSP complete script has been downloaded.

--Disable prompts.

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

Figure 3-7

GUI after loading the non-function script (GPIB)

The primary code that runs the script and retrieves the measurement results is listed below. This code is executed when you click the Run Script (GPIB) command button. When you run this script it will perform ten measurements and send the readings to the PC. The results are displayed in the Data text box of the GUI as shown in

Figure 3-8. TSP prompts are enabled prior to running

the script.

Call send(Addr%, "MeasCurrScript.run()", intStatus)

Do strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

txtData.Text = txtData.Text & strReturnMessage

Loop Until Left(strReturnMessage, 3) = "TSP" If strReturnMessage = "TSP?" Then

txtStatusDesc.Text = "Error Occurred" Call send(Addr%, "print(errorqueue.next()",

intStatus)

strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() txtStatusDesc.Text = txtStatusDesc.Text & strRe-

turnMessage & vbCrLf

End If --Get output from script.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 3-15

--The following command runs the script; you can also use

MeasCurrScript() form of the

command.

Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Figure 3-8

GUI after running the non-function script (GPIB)

3-16 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

Example script 2 – script that uses functions

The script used in this example is in the file named “MeasCurrFunctionScript.tsp.” This script is downloaded to the Series 2600 by selecting the Load “Function” Script option, and then clicking the Load Script (GPIB) command button. The script is downloaded exactly as shown in the previous example, except the “open file” and “loadscript” commands reflect the different script name as shown below.

Open App.Path & "\" & "MeasCurrFunctionScript.tsp" For Input As #1

Call send(Addr%, "loadscript MeasCurrFunctionScript", intStatus)

The other difference is in the script itself, which is listed below. This script does not perform multiple current measurements, but rather it creates a function named “MeasCurr,” which performs one or more current measurements when it is called. The number of measurements depends on the value of “ntimes,” which is passed to the function when it is called. (Graphical User Interface) after loading and running the script. Note that the Data text box does not contain any readings as in the previous example; it simply indicates that the “MeasCurr(ntimes)” function has been created.

function MeasCurr(ntimes)

local l_i -- Local counter variable reset() display.screen = display.SMUA display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON smua.source.levelv = 5 smua.source.limiti = 0.1 smua.measure.rangei = 0.1 smua.measure.nplc = 1 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON for l_i = 1, ntimes do

print(smua.measure.i()) end --for smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF

end --function print("Function 'MeasCurr(ntimes)' created")

Figure 3-9 shows the GUI

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 3-17

Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Figure 3-9

GUI after loading and running the function script (GPIB)

The primary code that calls the function and retrieves the measurement results is listed below. TSP prompts are enabled prior to calling the function. This code is executed when you click the Call Function (GPIB) command button. In this example, the function performs ten current measurements and sends the readings to the PC because “ntimes” is set to 10 when the function is called. The results are displayed in the Data text box as shown in

Figure 3-10. Note that it would

be just as easy to take one or 100 readings simply by calling the function with a different value for “ntimes,” e.g. MeasCurr(100). You can pass parameters to a function, but not to a script. However, you must initially run a script to create a function. See the Series 2600 Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information about scripts and functions.

3-18 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction

Call send(Addr%, "MeasCurr(10)", intStatus)

strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() txtData.Text = txtData.Text & strReturnMessage &

vbCrLf Loop Until Left(strReturnMessage, 3) = "TSP" If strReturnMessage = "TSP?" Then

txtStatusDesc.Text = "Error Occurred" Call send(Addr%, "print(errorqueue.next()", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse() txtStatusDesc.Text = txtStatusDesc.Text & strReturnMessage & vbCrLf

End If --Take appropriate action

Figure 3-10

GUI after calling the function (GPIB)

--Call function with ntimes=10 and then enter data.

--Get output from function.

based on error message.

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 3-19

Section 3: Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

3-20 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

In this section:

Top ic Page

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?............................................ 4-2

Connect the TSP-Link system ....................................................... 4-2

Assign node numbers.................................................................... 4-2

Reset the TSP-Link ....................................................................... 4-3

Check the state of the TSP-Link system ....................................... 4-3

How do I use the expanded system? ............................................... 4-3

Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes....................................... 4-3

Using node[N]................................................................................ 4-3

Using the alias (localnode) ............................................................ 4-4

Running scripts in a TSP-Link system........................................... 4-4

Section 4

Controlling Multiple Series 2600s (TSP-Link)

Section 4: Controlling Multiple Series 2600s (TSP-Link) Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?

Up to 16 TSP-Link enabled instruments (e.g., Series 2600 System Series 2600s can be connected together to form a TSP-Link system.

Step 1: Connect the TSP-Link system

Reference See “Connections” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on TSP-Link connections.

A connection example for an expanded system is shown in Figure 4-1. All the TSP-Link-enabled instruments in the system are daisy-chained together using LAN crossover cables. In this example, the unit connected to the PC is the Master and the other units are its Slaves. Note that the Master does not have be assigned as Node 1, nor does it have to be at the end of the node chain.

Figure 4-1

TSP-Link connections

instruments)

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 16

CAT I CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

MADE IN

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LOLO HIHI GGGG

LISTED

SourceMeter

4ZA4

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

RS-232

U.S.A.

TSPlink

TSP-Link connectors

(2 per instrument)

S HI

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

CAT I

CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

MADE IN U.S.A.

IEEE-488

LAN crossover cables

Type: Category 5e or higher. Length: 3 meters maximum between nodes.

Host

RS-232

GPIB

Step 2: Assign node numbers

Reference See “Initialization” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on assigning node numbers.

Each instrument in the TSP-Link system must have a unique node number assigned to it. The node number for each instrument is stored in its non-volatile memory and will not be lost when the instrument is turned off.

Complete the following steps to assign a node number.

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LOLO HIHI GGGG

LISTED

SourceMeter

4ZA4

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

RS-232

TSPlink

NOTE The PC is not needed for

CAT I CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

MADE IN U.S.A.

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

stand-alone systems.

U L

LISTED SourceMeter

4ZA4

LOLO HIHI GGGG

RS-232

TSPlink

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

S HI

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS

WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

MADE IN U.S.A.

IEEE-488

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

RS-232

TSPlink

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LOLO HIHI GGGG

LISTED SourceMeter

4ZA4

CAT I

1. From the front panel, press the MENU > TSPLINK.

2. Select NODE and then use the navigation wheel to assign the node number.

Note: The node number can range from 1 - 64.

For remote programming, the tsplink.node attribute is used to set the node number for an instrument:

tsplink.node = N

where: N = 1 to 16 The node number of an instrument can be determined by

reading the

tsplink.node attribute as follows:

nodenumber = tsplink.node

4-2 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Section 4: Controlling Multiple Series 2600s (TSP-Link)

print(nodenumber)

The above print command will return the node number. For example, if the node number is 1, the value

1.000000e00 will be returned.

Step 3: Reset the TSP-Link

Reference See “Initialization” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on resetting the TSP-Link.

After all the node numbers are set, you must reset (initialize) the TSP-Link interface system. For initialization to succeed, all units must be powered on when the TSP-Link reset is performed.

Complete the following steps to reset the TSP-Link.

1. From the front panel, press MENU > TSPLINK.

2. Choose Reset.

For remote programming, the following command initializes the TSP-Link:

tsplink.reset()

Step 4: Check the state of the TSP-Link system

Reference See “Initialization” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

information on checking the state of the TSP-Link.

The tsplink.state read-only attribute is used to determine whether or not the TSP-Link reset routine was completed successfully. The returned value successful for all instruments (nodes) in the system. The value has failed.

A few typical reasons for a reset failure include the following:

• Two or more instruments in the system have the same node number.

• There are no other instruments connected to the unit performing the reset.

• One of the units in a properly connected system isn't powered on.

Programming example – After assigning node numbers to the instruments in the system, the following command checks the state of the TSP-Link:

print(tsplink.state)

If the reset is successful, online will be the output to indicate that communication to all nodes is established.

How do I use the expanded system?

Reference See “Using the expanded system” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual

for more information on using the system.

online indicates that the reset was

offline indicates that the reset

Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes

After a successful TSP-Link reset, the node and localnode variables can be used to access resources of any node in the system.

Using node[N]

The node[N] variable (where N = 1 to 16) is used to send a command to any node in the system. The node can be the Master or a Slave. Examples:

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics 4-3

Section 4: Controlling Multiple Series 2600s (TSP-Link) Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

node[4].smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of Node 4. node[1].smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of Node 1.

Using the alias (localnode)

The variable localnode is an alias for node[N], where N is the node number of the Master.

For example, assume that Node 1 is the Master in a TSP-Link system. To send a command to Node 1, you can use

node[1].smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of the Master (Node 1). localnode.smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of the Master (Node 1).

node[1] or localnode as follows:

Running scripts in a TSP-Link system

For remote programming, only a script stored in the Master can be run. Scripts in the Slaves cannot be accessed. See “

For front panel operation, a script in any node can be run from its front panel. For details, see “How

do I run a script from the front panel?” on page 3-2.

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder?” on page 3-3.

4-4 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

In this appendix:

Top ic

Models 2601/2606 System SourceMeter® Specifications A-2

Models 2611/2612 System SourceMeter® Specifications A-9

Models 2635/2636 System SourceMeter® Specifications A-15

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Specifications A-23

Appendix A

Specifications

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

1. SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS

Models 2601/2602

System SourceMeter

Specifications

This document contains specifications and supplemental information for the Keithley Instruments Models 2601 and 2602 System SourceMeters

. Specifications are the standards against which the Models 2601 and 2602 are tested. Upon leaving the factory, the Models 2601 and 2602 meet these specifications. Supplemental and typical values are nonwarranted, apply at 23°C, and are provided solely as useful information.

The source and measurement accuracies are specified at the SourceMeter CHANNEL A (2601 and 2602) or SourceMeter CHANNEL B (2602) terminals under the following conditions:

1. 23°C ± 5°C, <70% relative humidity.

2. After two-hour warm-up.

3. Speed normal (1 NPLC).

4. A/D auto-zero enabled.

5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local operation.

6. Calibration period: one year.

2. SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

Voltage Programming Accuracy

Range

100.000mV 5ȝV 0.02% + 250ȝV 20ȝV

1.00000V 50ȝV 0.02% + 400ȝV 50ȝV

6.00000V 50ȝV 0.02% + 1.8mV 100ȝV

40.0000V 500ȝV 0.02% + 12mV 500ȝV

Programming

resolution

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+ volts)

5°C

Typical noise

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz-10Hz

Temperature coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C. Maximum output power and source/sink limits:

40.4W per channel maximum. ±40.4V at ±1.0A, ±6.06V at

±3.0A, four-quadrant source or sink operation.

Voltage regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100ȝV). Noise 10Hz–20MHz (peak-peak): 25mV typical into a resistive load.

Current limit/compliance:

Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 10nA.

Accuracy same as current source. Overshoot: <±(0.1% + 10mV) typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum current

limit/compliance). Guard offset voltage: <10mV typical (Iout  100mA).

1 Add 50ȝV to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. 2 Full power source operation regardless of load to 30°C ambient. Above 30°C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8, “Operating boundaries” in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information. 3 For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 12% of limit range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding current limit accuracy specifications. For 1A range, add an additional 40mA of uncertainty.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. D / January 2008 Page 1 of 7

Models 2601/2602

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Current Programming Accuracy

Range

Programming

resolution

100.000nA 1pA 0.06% + 100pA 5pA

1.00000ȝA 10pA 0.03% + 800pA 25pA

10.0000ȝA 100pA 0.03% + 5nA 60pA

100.000ȝA 1nA 0.03% + 60nA 3nA

1.00000mA 10nA 0.03% + 300nA 6nA

10.0000mA 100nA 0.03% + 6ȝA 200nA

100.000mA 1ȝA 0.03% + 30ȝA 600nA

1.00000A 10ȝA 0.05% + 1.8mA 70ȝA

3.00000A 10ȝA 0.06% + 4.0mA 150ȝA

System SourceMeter

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+amps)

5°C

Typical noise

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz-10Hz

Specifications

Temperature coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C.

Maximum output power and source/sink limits:

40.4W per channel maximum. ±1.01A at ±40.0V, ±3.03A at

±6.0V, four quadrant source or sink operation.

Current regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100pA). Voltage limit/compliance:

Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with a single value. Minimum value is 10mV.

Accuracy same as voltage source. Overshoot: <0.1% typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load; see “Current source output settling

time” for additional test conditions).

+3A

+1A

+6V-6V-40V +40V

-1A

-3A

Models 2601 and 2602 I-V capability

4 For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding voltage source specification. For 100mV range, add an additional 60mV of uncertainty.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 2 of 7 SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. D / January 2008

Models 2601/2602

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

System SourceMeter

Additional Source Specifications

Transient response time: <70ȝs for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step change in load. Voltage source output settling time: Time required to reach 0.1% of final value, when changing from 10% to 90%

of range, after source level command is processed on a fixed range.

100mV, 1V ranges: <50ȝs typical. 6V Range: <100ȝs typical. 40V Range: <150ȝs typical.

Current source output settling time: Time required to reach 0.1% of final value, when changing from 10% to 90% of range, after source level command is processed on a fixed range. Values below for Iout · Rload = 1V unless noted.

3A–10mA ranges: <80ȝs typical (current less than 2.5A, Rload >1.5ȍ). 1mA range: <100ȝs typical. 100ȝA range: <150ȝs typical. 10ȝA range: <500ȝs typical. 1ȝA range: <2.5ms typical.

100nA range: <25ms typical. DC floating voltage: Output can be floated up to ±250VDC from chassis ground. Remote sense operating range:

Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3V.

Maximum voltage between LO and SENSE LO = 3V.

Voltage output headroom:

40V range: Max. output voltage = 42V – total voltage drop across source leads (maximum 1ȍ per source lead).

6V range: Max. output voltage = 8V – total voltage drop across source leads. Over temperature protection: Internally sensed temperature overload puts unit in standby mode. Voltage source range change overshoot: Overshoot into a 100kȍ load, 20MHz BW, 300mV typical. Current source range change overshoot: <5% of larger range + 300mV/Rload typical.

(see “CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME” for additional test conditions).

Specifications

5 Add 150ȝs when measuring on the 1A range.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. D / January 2008 Page 3 of 7

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Models 2601/2602

System SourceMeter

Specifications

3. METER SPECIFICATIONS

Voltage Measurement Accuracy

Range Display resolution

100.000mV 1ȝV >10G 0.015% + 150ȝV

1.00000V 10ȝV >10G 0.015% + 200ȝV

6.00000V 10ȝV >10G 0.015% + 1mV

40.0000V 100ȝV >10G 0.015% + 8mV

Temperature coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C.

Current Measurment Accuracy

Range Display resolution

100.000nA 1pA <1mV 0.05% + 100pA

1.00000ȝA 10pA <1mV 0.025% + 300pA

10.0000ȝA 100pA <1mV 0.025% + 1.5nA

100.000ȝA 1nA <1mV 0.02% + 25nA

1.00000mA 10nA <1mV 0.02% + 200nA

10.0000mA 100nA <1mV 0.02% + 2.5ȝA

100.000mA 1ȝA <1mV 0.02% + 20ȝA

1.00000A 10ȝA <1mV 0.03% + 1.5mA

3.00000A 10ȝA <1mV 0.05% + 3.5mA

Input resistance

Voltage burden

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C + 5°C

(% rdg.+ volts)

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+amps)

5°C

Temperature coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C.

6 Add 50ȝV to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. 7 Applies when in single channel display mode. 8 Four-wire remote sense only.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 4 of 7 SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. D / January 2008

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Models 2601/2602

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Speed

Maximum measurement time to

memory for 60Hz (50Hz)

Contact Check

Fast 1 (1.2)ms 5% + 10

Medium 4 (5)ms 5% + 1

Slow 36 (42)ms 5% + 0.3

Additional Meter Specifications

Load impedance: Stable into 10,000pF typical. Common mode voltage: 250VDC. Common mode isolation: >1G, <4500pF. Over-range: 101% of source range, 102% of measure range. Maximum sense lead resistance: 1k for rated accuracy. Sense input impedance: >10G.

9 Includes measurement of SENSE HI to HI and SENSE LO to LO contact resistances.

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+ ohms)

5°C

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. D / January 2008 Page 5 of 7

Models 2601/2602

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

System SourceMeter

4. GENERAL

Host Interfaces: Computer control interfaces.

IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology.

RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and flow control

(RTS/CTS hardware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other instrumentation.

Expansion interface: The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other.

Cable type: Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable.

Length: 3 meters maximum between each TSP-enabled instrument.

Digital I/O interface:

Connector: 25-pin female D.

Input/Output pins: 14 open drain I/O bits.

Absolute maximum input voltage: 5.25V.

Absolute minimum input voltage: –0.25V.

Maximum logic low input voltage: 0.7V, +850ȝA max.

Minimum logic high input voltage: 2.1V, +570ȝA.

Maximum source current (flowing out of digital I/O bit): +960ȝA.

Maximum sink current at maximum logic low voltage (0.7V): –5.0mA.

Absolute maximum sink current (flowing into digital I/O pin): –11mA.

5V power supply pin: Limited to 600mA, solid state fuse protected.

Specifications

600mA

Solid State

+5V Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

Digital I/O Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

Fuse

100Ω

5.1kΩ

+5VDC

Read by firmware

Written by firmware

GND Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

Rear Panel

Output enable pin: Active high input pulled down internally to ground with 10k resistor. When the Output

Enable input function has been activated, each SourceMeter channel will not turn on unless the output enable pin

is driven to >2.1V (nominal current = 2.1V / 10k = 210ȝA).

Power Supply: 100V to 250VAC, 50Hz–60Hz (auto sensing), 250VA max.

Cooling: Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack-mounted.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 6 of 7 SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. D / January 2008

Models 2601/2602

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Warranty: 1 year.

EMC: Conforms to European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326-1.

Safety: Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1.

Dimensions: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 460mm deep (3 1⁄2 in × 8 3⁄8 in × 17 1⁄2 in). Bench configuration (with

handle & feet): 104mm high × 238mm wide × 460mm deep (4 1⁄8 in × 9 3⁄8 in × 17 1⁄2 in).

Weight: 2601: 4.75kg (10.4 lbs). 2602: 5.50kg (12.0 lbs).

Environment: For indoor use only.

Altitude: Maximum 2000 meters above sea level.

Operating: 0°C–50°C, 70% R.H. up to 35°C. Derate 3% R.H./°C, 35°C–50°C.

Storage: –25°C to 65°C.

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2601_2602 Rev. D / January 2008 Page 7 of 7

Models 2611/2612

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

System SourceMeter

1. SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS

This document contains specifications and supplemental information for the Keithley Instruments Models 2611 and 2612 System SourceMeters Upon leaving the factory, the Models 2611 and 2612 meet these specifications. Supplemental and typical values are non-warranted, apply at 23°C, and are provided solely as useful information.

The source and measurement accuracies are specified at the SourceMeter CHANNEL A (Models 2611 and 2612) or SourceMeter CHANNEL B (Model 2612) terminals under the following conditions:

1. 23°C ± 5°C, <70% relative humidity.

2. After two-hour warm-up.

3. Speed normal (1 NPLC).

4. A/D auto-zero enabled.

5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local sense operation.

6. Calibration period: one year.

. Specifications are the standards against which the Models 2611 and 2612 are tested.

Specifications

2. SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

Voltage Programming Accuracy

Range

200.000mV 5ȝV 0.02% + 375ȝV 20ȝV

2.00000V 50ȝV 0.02% + 600ȝV 50ȝV

20.0000V 500ȝV 0.02% + 5mV 300ȝV

200.000V 5mV 0.02% + 50mV 2mV

Temperature coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C. Maximum output power and source/sink limits:

±101mA, four quadrant source or sink operation.

Voltage regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100ȝV). Noise 10Hz–20MHz: <5mV RMS typical, 20V range, 1A limit. Current limit/compliance:

Accuracy same as current source. Overshoot: <±(0.1% + 10mV) typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum current

limit/compliance).

Guard offset voltage: <4mV (current 10mA).

Programming

resolution

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+ volts)

30.603W per channel maximum. ±20.2V at ±1.515A, ±202V at

5°C

Typical noise

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz-10Hz

Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 10nA.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006 Page 1 of 6

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Models 2611/2612

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Current Programming Accuracy

Range

Programming

resolution

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+amps)

5°C

Typical noise

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz-10Hz

100.000nA 2pA 0.06% + 100pA 5pA

1.00000ȝA 20pA 0.03% + 800pA 25pA

10.0000ȝA 200pA 0.03% + 5nA 60pA

100.000ȝA 2nA 0.03% + 60nA 3nA

1.00000mA 20nA 0.03% + 300nA 6nA

10.0000mA 200nA 0.03% + 6ȝA 200nA

100.000mA 2ȝA 0.03% + 30ȝA 600nA

1.00000A

1.50000A

10.0000A

2,5

20ȝA 0.05% + 1.8mA 70ȝA 50ȝA 0.06% + 4mA 150ȝA

200ȝA 0.5% + 40mA

Temperature coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C. Maximum output power and source/sink limits:

30.603W per channel maximum. ±1.515A at ±20.2V, ±101mA

at ±202V, four-quadrant source or sink operation.

Current regulation: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100pA).

Voltage limit/compliance:

Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with a single value. Minimum value is 10mV.

Accuracy same as voltage source. Overshoot: <0.1% typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load; see “Current source output settling

time” for additional test conditions).

Additional Source Specifications

fixed range.

200mV, 2V ranges: <50ȝs typical. 20V range: <110ȝs typical. 200V range: <700ȝs typical. Current source output settling time: Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after source level command is processed on a

fixed range. Values below for Iout · Rload = 2V unless noted.

1.5A–1A ranges: <120ȝs typical (Rload >6ȍ).

100mA–10mA ranges: <80ȝs typical.

1mA range: <100ȝs typical.

100ȝA range: <150ȝs typical.

4 Accuracy specifications do not include connector leakage. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 per °C when operating between 18°C–28°C. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 + (0.15 * Vout/2E11) per °C when operating <18°C and >28°C. 5 10A range accessible only in pulse mode. 6 For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding voltage source specification. For 200mV range add an additional 120mV of uncertainty.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 2 of 6 SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006

Models 2611/2612

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

System SourceMeter

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

10ȝA range: <500ȝs typical.

1ȝA range: <2ms typical.

100nA range: <20ms typical. DC floating voltage: Output can be floated up to ±250VDC from chassis ground.

Remote sense operating range:

Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3V. Maximum voltage between LO and

SENSE LO = 3V.

Voltage output headroom:

200V range: Max. output voltage = 202.3V; total voltage drop across source leads (maximum 1ȍ per source lead).

20V range: Max. output voltage = 23.3V; total voltage drop across source leads (maximum 1ȍ per source lead). Over temperature protection: Internally-sensed temperature overload puts unit in standby mode. Voltage source range change overshoot: Overshoot into a 200k load, 20MHz BW, 300mV typical. Current source range change overshoot: <5% of larger range + 300mV/Rload + 60nA typical (see “Current source output

settling time” for additional test conditions).

Pulse Specifications

Region Maximum current limit Maximum pulse width

Maximum duty cycle

1 100mA at 200V DC, no limit 100% 1 1.5A at 20V DC, no limit 100% 2 1A at 180V 8.5ms 1%

39 1A at 200V 2.2ms 1%

4 10A at 5V 1ms 2.2%

Specifications

Minimum programmable pulse width:7200ȝs. NOTE: Minimum pulse width for settled source at a given I/V

output and load can be longer than 200ȝs. See note 10 for typical settling times.

7 Times measured from the start of pulse to the start of off-time:

8 Thermally limited in sink mode (quadrants 2 and 4) and ambient temperatures above 30°C. See power equations in the

Reference Manual for more information. 9 Voltage source operation with 1.5A current limit. 10 Typical performance for minimum settled pulse widths:

Source value Load Source settling (% of range) Min. pulse width

5V 0.5ȍ 1% 300µs

20V 200ȍ 0.2% 200µs

180V 180ȍ 0.2% 5ms

200V (1.5A limit) 200ȍ 0.2% 1.5ms

100 mA 200ȍ 1% 200µs

1A 20ȍ 1% 500µs 1A 180ȍ 0.2% 5ms

10A 0.5ȍ 0.5% 300µs

Typical tests were performed using remote operation, 4W sense, Keithley 2600 ban cables and best fixed measurement range. For more information on pulse scripts, see the Series 2600 Reference Manual.

Pulse Level

Start t

Bias Level

10%

90%

Start t

off

10%

off

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006 Page 3 of 6

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

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Models 2611/2612

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Pulse width programming resolution: 1ȝs. Pulse width programming accuracy:

±25ȝs.

Typical pulse width jitter: 50ȝs.

+10A

+1.5A

+1A

+0.1A

–0.1A

–1A

–1.5A

–10A

–180V–200V

3. METER SPECIFICATIONS

Voltage Measurement Accuracy

Range Display resolution

200.000mV 1ȝV >10G 0.015% + 225ȝV

2.00000V 10ȝV >10G 0.02% + 350ȝV

20.0000V 100ȝV >10G 0.015% + 5mV

200.000V 1mV >10G 0.015% + 50mV

11, 12

–5V

+20V–20V 0V

Input resistance

+180V

+200V+5V

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+ volts)

5°C

Temperature coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C.

11 Add 50ȝV to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop. 12 De-rate accuracy specifications for NPLC setting <1 by increasing error term. Add appropriate % of range term using table below:

NPLC 200mV 2V–200V 100nA 1ȝA–100mA 1A–1.5A setting range ranges range ranges ranges

0.1 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

0.01 0.08% 0.07% 0.1 % 0.05% 0.05%

0.001 0.8 % 0.6 % 1 % 0.5 % 1.1 %

13 Applies when in single channel display mode.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 4 of 6 SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Models 2611/2612

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Current measurement accuracy

Range Display resolution

14,12

Voltage burden

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+amps)

100.000nA 1pA <1mV 0.05% + 100pA

1.00000ȝA 10pA <1mV 0.025% + 500pA

10.0000ȝA 100pA <1mV 0.025% + 1.5nA

100.000ȝA 1nA <1mV 0.02% + 25nA

1.00000mA 10nA <1mV 0.02% + 200nA

10.0000mA 100nA <1mV 0.02% + 2.5ȝA

100.000mA 1ȝA <1mV 0.02% + 20ȝA

1.00000A 10ȝA <1mV 0.03% + 1.5mA

1.50000A 10ȝA <1mV 0.05% + 3.5mA

10.0000A16 100ȝA <1mV 0.4% + 25mA

Temperature Coefficient (0°C–18°C and 28°C–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C. Contact Check

Speed

Maximum measurement time to

memory for 60Hz (50Hz)

Accuracy (1 year)

23°C +

(% rdg.+ohms)

5°C

Fast 1 (1.2)ms 5% + 10

Medium 4 (5)ms 5% + 1

Slow 36 (42)ms 5% + 0.3

5°C

Additional Meter Specifications

14 De-rate accuracy by Vout/2E11 per °C when operating between 18°C–28°C. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 + (0.15 * Vout/2E11) per °C when operating <18°C and >28°C. 15 Four-wire remote sense only. 16 10A range accessible only in pulse mode. 17 Includes measurement of SENSE HI to HI and SENSE LO to LO contact resistances.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006 Page 5 of 6

Models 2611/2612

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

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System SourceMeter

4. GENERAL

Host interfaces: Computer control interfaces. IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology. RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and flow control

(RTS/CTS hardware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other instrumentation.

Expansion interface: The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and

communicate with each other.

Cable type: Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable. Length: 3 meters maximum between each TSP-enabled instrument.

Digital I/O interface (see Models 2601 and 2602 GENERAL specifications for circuit diagram):

Connector: 25-pin female D. Input/output pins: 14 open drain I/O bits. Absolute maximum input voltage: 5.25V. Absolute minimum input voltage: –0.25V. Maximum logic low input voltage: 0.7V, +850ȝA max. Minimum logic high input voltage: 2.1V, +570ȝA. Maximum source current (flowing out of digital I/O bit): +960ȝA. Maximum sink current at maximum logic low voltage (0.7V): –5.0mA. Absolute maximum sink current (flowing into digital I/O pin): –11mA. 5V Power supply pin: Limited to 600mA, solid state fuse protected. Safety interlock pin: Active high input. >3.4V at 24mA (absolute maximum of 6V) must be externally applied to

this pin to ensure 200V operation. This signal is pulled down to chassis ground with a 10k resistor. 200V operation will be blocked when the INTERLOCK signal is <0.4V (absolute minimum of –0.4V). See figure below:

Coil

10kΩ

Resistance

145Ω±10%

INTERLOCK Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

Read by firmware +220V Supply –220V Supply

Specifications

Chassis Ground

Rear Panel

To output stage

Power supply: 100V to 240VAC, 50–60Hz (manual setting), 240VA max. Cooling: Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack-mounted. Warranty: One year. EMC: Conforms to European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326-1. Safety: Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1. Dimensions: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 460mm deep (3 1⁄2 in × 8 3⁄8 in × 17 1⁄2 in). Bench configuration (with

handle and feet): 104mm high × 238mm wide × 460mm deep (4 1⁄8 in × 9 3⁄8 in × 17 1⁄2 in).

Weight: Model 2611: 4.75kg (10.4 lbs). Model 2612: 5.50kg (12.0 lbs). Environment: For indoor use only.

Altitude: Maximum 2000 meters above sea level.

Operating: 0°C–50°C, 70% R.H. up to 35°C. Derate 3% R.H./°C, 35°C–50°C.

Storage: –25°C to 65°C.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 6 of 6 SPEC-2611_2612 Rev. A / June 2006

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

1. SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS

Model 2635/2636

System SourceMeter

Specifications

This document contains specifications and supplemental information for the Models 2635 and 2636 System SourceMeters

. Specifications are the standards against which the Models 2635 and 2636 are tested. Upon leaving the factory the 2635 and 2636 meet these specifications. Supplemental and typical values are nonwarranted, apply at 23°C, and are provided solely as useful information.

The source and measurement accuracies are specified at the SourceMeters SourceMeters

B (2636) terminals under the following conditions:

CHANNEL A (2635 and 2636) or

1. 23°C ± 5°C, < 70% relative humidity.

2. After two-hour warm-up.

3. Speed normal (1 NPLC).

4. A/D auto-zero enabled.

5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local operation.

6. Calibration period: one year.

2. SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

VOLTAGE SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications Category Specifications

TYPICAL NOISE

(peak-peak)

0.1 Hz–10 Hz

Voltage Programming Accuracy

RANGE PROGRAMMING

RESOLUTION

200.000 mV 5 µV 0.02% + 375 µV 20 µV

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ± 5°C

± (% rdg. + volts)

2.00000 V 50 µV 0.02% + 600 µV 50 µV

20.0000 V 500 µV 0.02% + 5 mV 300 µV

200.000 V 5 mV 0.02% + 50 mV 2 mV

Temperature Coefficient

Maximum Output Power and Source/Sink

Limits

Voltage Regulation Noise

10 Hz – 20 MHz Current Limit/Compliance

Add 50 µV to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop.

Full power source operation regardless of load to 30°C ambient. Above 30°C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8 – “Operating

Boundaries” in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information.

± (0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C

• For temperatures (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C)

30.3 W per channel maximum.

• ± 20.2 V @ ± 1.5 A

• ± 202 V @ ± 100 mA

• Four-quadrant source or sink operation. Line: 0.01% of range Load: ± (0.01% of range + 100 µV). < 20 mV peak-peak (typical), < 3 mV RMS (typical)

• 20 V range Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 100 pA. Accuracy is the same as current source.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2635_2636 Rev. A / September 2007 Page 1 of 8

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

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Specifications Category Specifications

< ± (0.1% + 10 mV) (typical )

Overshoot

Guard Offset Voltage

• Step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum -

< 4 mV

• Current < 10 mA

CURRENT SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications Category Specifications

System SourceMeter

current limit/compliance.

Model 2635/2636

Specifications

RANGE PROGRAMMING

RESOLUTION

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ± 5°C

± (% rdg. + amps)

1.00000 nA 20 fA 0.15% + 2 pA 800 fA

10.0000 nA 200 fA 0.15% + 5 pA 2 pA

Current Programming Accuracy

Temperature Coefficient

Maximum Output Power and Source/Sink

Limits

Current Regulation Voltage

Limit/Compliance

For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 12% of limit range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding current limit accuracy

specifications. For 1A range add an additional 40mA of uncertainty.

Full power source operation regardless of load to 30°C ambient. Above 30°C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8 – “Operating

Boundaries” in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information

For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding voltage source

specification. For 200mV range add an additional 120mV of uncertainty.

100.000 nA 2 pA 0.06% + 50 pA 5 pA

1.00000 µA 20 pA 0.03% + 700 pA 25 pA

10.0000 µA 200 pA 0.03% + 5 nA 60 pA

100.000 µA 2 nA 0.03% + 60 nA 3 nA

1.00000 mA 20 nA 0.03% + 300 nA 6 nA

10.0000 mA 200 nA 0.03% + 6 µA 200 nA

100.000 mA 2 µA 0.03% + 30 µA 600 nA

1.00000 A

1.50000 A

20 µA 0.05% + 1.8 mA 70 µA 50 µA 0.06% + 4 mA 150 µA

± (0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C

• For temperatures (0° – 18°C & 28° – 50°C)

30.3 W per channel maximum.

• ± 1.515 A @ ± 20 V

• ± 101 mA @ ± 200 V

• Four-quadrant source or sink operation. Line: 0.01% of range Load: ± (0.01% of range + 100pA). Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum value is 10 mV. Accuracy is the same as current source.

TYPICAL NOISE

(peak-peak)

0.1 Hz–10 Hz

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 2 of 8 SPEC-2635_2636 Rev. A / September 2007

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28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Specifications Category Specifications

< ± 0.1% (typical)

• step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum -

Overshoot

• See CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for

ADDITIONAL SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications Category Specifications

System SourceMeter

current limit/compliance

additional test conditions

Model 2635/2636

Specifications

Transient Response Time

< 70 µs for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step change in load. Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after source level command is processed on a fixed range.

Voltage Source Output Settling Time

Range Settling Time

200 mV < 50 µs (typical)

200 V < 700 µs (typical) Time required to reach 0.1% of final value after source level command is processed on a fixed range.

• Values below for Iout × Rload = 2 V unless noted

Current Range Settling Time

1.5 A – 1 A

Current Source Output Settling Time

100 mA – 10 mA < 80 µs (typical)

1 mA < 100 µs (typical)

100 µA < 150 µs (typical)

10 µA < 500 µs (typical)

100 nA < 20 ms (typical)

10 nA < 40 ms (typical)

DC Floating Voltage Output can be floated up to ± 250 VDC Remote Sense Operating Range

Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3 V Maximum voltage between LO and SENSE LO = 3V 200 V Range

• Maximum output voltage = 202.3 V – total voltage drop across

Voltage Output Headroom

source leads. (maximum 1 per source lead)

20 V Range

• Maximum output voltage = 23.3 V – total voltage drop across

source leads. (maximum 1 per source lead)

Add 50 µV to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop.

2 V < 50 µs (typical)

20 V < 110 µs (typical)

< 120 µs (typical) (Rload > 6 )

1 µA < 2 ms (typical)

1 nA < 150 ms (typical)

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2636_2636 Rev. A / September 2007 Page 3 of 8

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Specifications Category Specifications

Model 2635/2636

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Over Temperature Protection

Voltage Source Range Change Overshoot

Current Source Range Change Overshoot

Internally sensed temperature overload puts unit in standby mode. 300 mV + 0.1% of larger range (typical)

• Overshoot into a 200 K load, 20 MHz BW < 5% of larger range + 300 mV/Rload + 60 nA (typical)

• See CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for

PULSE SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications Category Specifications

Minimum Programmable Pulse

Width

200 µs

• Note: Minimum pulse width for settled source at a given I/V

Pulse Width Programming

1 µs

Resolution Pulse Width Programming Accuracy

± 25 µs

Pulse Width Jitter 50 µs (typical)

additional test conditions.

output and load can be longer than 200 µs.

Quadrant Diagram

Times measured from the start of pulse to the start off-time; see figure below.

Pulse Level

90%

Start t

Bias Level

10%

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 4 of 8 SPEC-2635_2636 Rev. A / September 2007

Start t

off

10%

off

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3. METER SPECIFICATIONS

VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications Category Specifications

Model 2635/2636

System SourceMeter

Specifications

RANGE DISPLAY

Voltage Measurement Accuracy

8,9

200.00 mV

2.00000 V

20.0000 V

200.000 V

Temperature Coefficient

± (0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C

• For temperatures (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C)

CURRENT MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS

RESOLUTION

1 µV

10 µV

100 µV

1 mV

INPUT

IMPEDENCE

ȍ 0.015% + 225 µV

> 10 G

ȍ 0.02% + 350 µV

> 10 G

ȍ 0.015% + 5 mV

> 10 G

ȍ 0.015% + 50 mV

> 10 G

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ± 5°C

± (% rdg. + volts)

Specifications Category Specifications

Current Measurement Accuracy

RANGE DISPLAY

RESOLUTION

VOLTAGE

BURDEN

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ± 5°C

± (% rdg. + amps)

1.00000

12,14

12, 13

1 fA < 1 mV 0.15% + 120 fA

10 fA < 1 mV 0.15% + 240 fA

100.00 pA

10.0000 nA 100 fA < 1 mV 0.15% + 3 pA

100.000 nA 1 pA < 1 mV 0.06% + 40 pA

1.00000 øA 10 pA < 1 mV 0.025% + 400 pA

10.0000 øA 100 pA < 1 mV 0.025% +1.5 nA

Add 50µV to source accuracy specifications per volt of HI lead drop

De-rate accuracy specifications for NPLC setting < 1 by increasing error term. Add appropriate % of range term using table below

NPLC Setting 200 mV

Range

0.1 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

0.01 0.08 % 0.07% 0.1 % 0.05% 0.05%

0.001 0.8 % 0.6 % 1 % 0.5 % 1.1 %

2 V – 200 V

Ranges

100 nA Range 1 µA – 100 mA

Ranges

1 A – 1.5 A

Ranges

Applies when in single channel display mode.

Four-wire remote sense only.

10-NPLC, 11-Point Median Filter, < 200V range, measurements made within 1 hour after zeroing. 23°C ± 1°C

Under default specification conditions: ±(0.15% + 750 fA).

Under default specification conditions: ±(0.15% + 1 pA).

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2636_2636 Rev. A / September 2007 Page 5 of 8

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Specifications Category Specifications

Model 2635/2636

System SourceMeter

Specifications

RANGE DISPLAY

100.000 µA 1 nA < 1 mV 0.02% + 25 nA

1.00000 mA 10 nA < 1 mV 0.02% +200 nA

10.0000 mA 100 nA < 1 mV 0.02% + 2.5 µA

100.000 mA 1 µA < 1 mV 0.02% +20 µA

1.00000 A 10 µA < 1 mV 0.03% +1.5 mA

1.50000 A 10 µA < 1 mV 0.05% + 3.5 mA

Current Measure Settling Time

Temperature Coefficient

Time required to reach 0.1% of final value:

Current Range Settling Time

± (0.15 × accuracy specification)/°C

• For temperatures (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C)

ADDITIONAL METER SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications Category Specifications

Load Impedance Stable into 10,000 pF (typical) Common Mode Voltage 250 VDC

Common Mode Isolation

Overrange Maximum Sense Lead

Resistance

> 1 Gȍ < 4500 pF 101% of source range 102% of measure range

1 Kȍ for rated accuracy

Sense Input Impedance > 10 Gȍ

RESOLUTION

BURDEN

VOLTAGE

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ± 5°C

± (% rdg. + amps)

1 mA < 100 µs (typical)

Applies when in single channel display mode.

Four-wire remote sense only.

See series 2600 SourceMeter Reference Manual Section 8 for more information.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 6 of 8 SPEC-2635_2636 Rev. A / September 2007

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

4. GENERAL

Specifications Category Specifications

Host Interfaces Computer control interfaces

IEEE-488

RS-232

Expansion Interface

Cable Type Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable Length 3 meters maximum between each TSP enabled instrument Digital I/O Interface See 2601/02 GENERAL specifications for circuit diagram Connector 25-pin female D Input/Output Pins 14 open drain I/O bits

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage Absolute Minimum Input Voltage Maximum Logic Low Input Voltage Minimum Logic High Input Voltage Maximum Source Current (flowing out of Digital I/O bit) Maximum Sink Current @ Maximum Logic Low Voltage (0.7V Absolute Maximum Sink Current (flowing into Digital I/O pin

5V Power Supply Pin Limited to 600 mA, solid state fuse protected

Safety Interlock Pin

IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology Baud rates from 300bps to 115200bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and flow control (RTS/CTS hardware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other – instrumentation The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other.

5.25 V

– 0.25 V

0.7V, +850 µA max

2.1V, + 570 µA

+ 960 µA

– 5.0 mA

– 11 mA

Active high input. > 3.4 V @ 24 mA (absolute maximum of 6 V) must be externally applied to this pin to insure 200 V operation. This signal is pulled down to chassis ground with a 10 K resistor. 200 V operation will be blocked when the INTERLOCK signal is <_0.4 V (absolute minimum –0.4 V). See figure below:

Model 2635/2636

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2636_2636 Rev. A / September 2007 Page 7 of 8

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Specifications Category Specifications

Host Interfaces Computer control interfaces

IEEE-488

RS-232

none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other – instrumentation

INTERLOCK Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

10kΩ

System SourceMeter

Coil

Resistance

145Ω±10%

Read by firmware +220V Supply –220V Supply

Model 2635/2636

Specifications

Chassis Ground

Rear Panel

To output stage

Power Supply 100 V to 240 VAC, 50 Hz – 60 Hz (manual setting), 240 VA max

Cooling

Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack mounted

Warranty 1 year

EMC

Safety

Conforms to European Union Directive 2004/108/EEC, EN 61326-1 Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1

89 mm high × 213 mm wide × 460 mm deep (31⁄2 in × 83⁄8 in ×

Dimensions

171⁄2 in). Bench Configuration (with handle & feet): 104 mm high × 238 mm wide × 460 mm deep (41⁄8 in × 93⁄8 in × 171⁄2 in)

Weight

2635: 4.75 Kg (10.4 lbs). 2636: 5.50 Kg (12.0 lbs).

Environment For indoor use only Altitude Maximum 2000 meters above sea level Operating 0° – 50°C, 70% R.H. up to 35°C. Derate 3% R.H./°C, 35° – 50°C Storage – 25°C to 65°C

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 8 of 8 SPEC-2635_2636 Rev. A / September 2007

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

System SourceMeter

Series 2600

Specifications

1. SPEED SPECIFICATIONS

1,2,3

Maximum Sweep Operation Rates (operations per second) for 60Hz (50Hz):

A/D converter

speed

0.001 NPLC Internal 10000 (10000) 8000 (8000) 5500 (5500) 3600 (3600) 4900 (4900) 3100 (3100)

0.001 NPLC Digital I/O 2700 (2650) 2100 (2100) 2300 (2300) 1900 (1875) 2200 (2150) 1800 (1775)

0.01 NPLC Internal 4000 (3500) 3600 (3200) 2750 (2700) 2300 (2100) 2800 (2500) 2100 (1975)

0.01 NPLC Digital I/O 1900 (1775) 1600 (1500) 1700 (1600) 1450 (1400) 1600 (1500) 1400 (1325)

0.1 NPLC Internal 565 (475) 555 (470) 540 (450) 510 (440) 535 (455) 505 (430)

0.1 NPLC Digital I/O 490 (420) 470 (405) 470 (410) 450 (390) 470 (400) 450 (390)

1.0 NPLC Internal 59 (49) 59 (49) 58 (49) 58 (48) 58 (49) 58 (48)

1.0 NPLC Digital I/O 58 (48) 58 (48) 58 (48) 57 (48) 57 (48) 57 (48)

Trigger

origin

Measure to

memory

Measure to

GPIB

Source

measure to

memory

Source

measure to

GPIB

Source

measure

pass/fail to

memory

Source

measure

pass/fail to

GPIB

Maximum Single Measurement Rates (operations per second) for 60Hz (50Hz):

A/D converter

speed

Trigger

origin

Measure to

GPIB

Source measure to

GPIB

Source measure pass/fail to GPIB

0.001 NPLC Internal 1110 (1000) 880 (880) 840 (840)

0.01 NPLC Internal 950 (900) 780 (760) 730 (710)

0.1 NPLC Internal 390 (345) 355 (320) 340 (305)

1.0 NPLC Internal 57 (48) 56 (47) 56 (47)

Maximum measurement range change rate: >4500/second typical. When changing to or from a range 1A, maximum rate is >2000/second typical.

Maximum source range change rate: >400/second, typical. Maximum source function change rate: >500/second, typical. External trigger input: The digital I/O interface signals can be configured to operate as trigger inputs.

Input latency (time from trigger input to start of measurement or source change): <150ȝs, typical. Input jitter: <100ȝs, typical.

Command processing time: Maximum time required for the output to begin to change following the receipt of the

smux.source.levelv or smux.source.leveli command. <1ms typical.

1 See the Speed Specifications Test Conditions Appendix in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information regarding

test conditions.

Exclude current measurement ranges less than 1mA.

2635/2636 with default measurement delays and filters disabled.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2600S Rev. B / September 2007 Page 1 of 3

Series 2600

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

System SourceMeter

2. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

Front Panel Interface:

Two-line vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) with keypad and rotary knob.

Display:

• Show error messages and user-defined messages

• Display source and limit settings

• Show current and voltage measurements

• View measurements stored in non-volatile reading buffers

Keypad operations:

• Change host interface settings

• Save and restore instrument setups

• Load and run factory and user-defined test scripts (i.e., sequences) that prompt for input and send results to the display

• Store measurements into non-volatile reading buffers

Programming:

Embedded Test Script Processor (TSP) accessible from any host interface. Responds to individual instrument control commands. Responds to high-speed test scripts comprised of instrument control commands and Test Script Language (TSL) statements (e.g., branching, looping, math, etc.). Able to execute high-speed test scripts stored in memory without host intervention.

Specifications

Minimum memory available: 3Mb (approximately 50,000 lines of TSL code).

Test Script Builder: Integrated development environment for building, running, and managing TSP scripts.

Includes an instrument console for communicating with any TSP-enabled instrument in an interactive manner. Requires:

• VISA (NI-VISA included on CD)

• Microsoft .NET Framework (included on CD)

• Keithley I/O Layer (included on CD)

• Pentium III 800MHz or faster personal computer

• Microsoft

Software Interface: Direct GPIB/VISA, Read/Write with VB, VC/C++, LabVIEW, TestPoint, LabWindows/CVI, etc.

Windows® 98, NT, 2000, or XP

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Page 2 of 3 SPEC-2600S Rev. B / September 2007

Series 2600

Keithley Instruments, Inc.

28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com

Reading Buffers:

Non-volatile storage area(s) reserved for measurement data. Reading buffers are arrays of measurement elements. Each element can hold the following items:

• Measurement • Source setting (at the time the measurement was taken)

• Measurement status • Range information

• Timestamp

Two reading buffers are reserved for each SourceMeter channel. Reading buffers can be filled using the front panel STORE key, and retrieved using the RECALL key or host interface.

Buffer Size, with timestamp and source setting: >50,000 samples. Buffer Size, without timestamp and source setting: >100,000 samples. Battery Backup: Lithium-ion battery backup; 30 days of non-volatile storage. Typical battery life is 1 year.

Factory TSP Scripts:

See www.keithley.com

System Expansion:

The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP-enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with each other. See figure below:

for Keithley-supported application-specific scripts.

System SourceMeter

Specifications

Each SourceMeter has two TSP-Link connectors to facilitate chaining instruments together.

• Once SourceMeter instruments are interconnected via TSP-Link, a computer can access all of the resources of each SourceMeter via the host interface of any SourceMeter.

• A maximum of 16 TSP-Link nodes can be interconnected. Each SourceMeter consumes one TSP-Link node.

TIMER:

Free-running 47-bit counter with 1MHz clock input. Reset each time instrument powers up. Rolls over every 4 years.

Timestamp: TIMER value automatically saved when each measurement is triggered. Resolution: 1ȝs. Accuracy: 100ppm.

Specifications are subject to change without notice. SPEC-2600S Rev. B / September 2007 Page 3 of 3

Appendix A: In this appendix: Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

A-26 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

In this appendix:

Top ic Page

How do I optimize performance? ..................................................... B-2

Setting speed ................................................................................ B-2

Disabling auto zero to increase speed .......................................... B-2

How do I use the Digital I/O port? .................................................... B-2

Controlling the Digital I/O port ....................................................... B-2

How do I trigger other instruments?................................................ B-3

Triggering a scanner...................................................................... B-3

Programming triggering ................................................................. B-4

How do I generate a service request? ............................................. B-4

Setting up a service request .......................................................... B-4

Service request programming example......................................... B-4

Polling for SRQs............................................................................ B-4

How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory? ............... B-5

Front panel operation .................................................................... B-5

Remote programming.................................................................... B-5

Appendix B

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I stack channels to output higher voltage?....................... B-6

How do I parallel channels to output higher current?.................... B-8

How do I make contact check measurements? .............................. B-8

Contact check connections............................................................ B-8

Contact check programming example ........................................... B-9

How do I make low-current measurements?................................... B-10

Low-current connections ............................................................... B-10

Low-current measurement programming example........................ B-11

NOTE Visit the Keithley Instruments website at

www.keithley.com for more information on Frequently Asked Questions.

Appendix B: Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

How do I optimize performance?

Reference See “Operation considerations” in Section 4 and “Speed” in Section 6 of the Series

2600 Reference Manual for detailed information on performance factors that affect measurement speed and accuracy.

There are three primary factors that affect measurement accuracy and speed:

• Warm-up – For rated measurement accuracy, allow the Series 2600 to warm up for at least one hour before use.

• Speed setting – The Speed setting affects both speed and accuracy.

• Auto zero – Auto zero can be disabled to increase speed at the expense of accuracy.

Setting speed

Press the SPEED key, then choose the setting based on your requirements:

• Choose the FAST setting for the fastest measurements, but measurement accuracy will be reduced.

• For best accuracy, use the HI ACCURACY setting, but speed will be reduced.

• To compromise between accuracy and speed, use the MED or NORMAL setting.

Disabling auto zero to increase speed

In certain measuring situations, disabling auto zero can increase measurement speed, but accuracy will drift with time. To disable auto zero, select CONFIG > MEAS > AUTO-ZERO, then set to OFF. To minimize drift with auto zero disabled, use the ONCE selection just before measuring.

How do I use the Digital I/O port?

Reference See Section 10 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for complete details on the

Digital I/O port.

Digital I/O port terminals

The Digital I/O port, located on the rear panel (Figure 1-2 on page 1-6), provides 14 digital I/O lines (Figure B-1). Each output can be set high (+5V) or low (0V), read high or low logic levels, and can be set up for triggering. Make connections using a cable with a Male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1).

B-2 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual Appendix B: Frequently Asked Questions

Figure B-1

Digital I/O

port terminals

DIGITAL I/O

1 = Digital I/O #1 2 = Digital I/O #2 3 = Digital I/O #3 4 = Digital I/O #4 5 = Digital I/O #5 6 = Digital I/O #6 7 = Digital I/O #7 8 = Digital I/O #8 9 = Digital I/O #9

10 = Digital I/O #10

11 = Digital I/O #11 12 = Digital I/O #12 13 = Digital I/O #13 14 = Digital I/O #14 15-21 = Ground 22 = +5V 23 = +5V 24 = Output Enable (OE); 2601/2602 24 = Interlock (INT); 2611/2612/2635/2636 25 = +5V

Controlling the Digital I/O port

From the front panel, select MENU > GENERAL > DIGOUT > DIG_IO_OUTPUT, then enter the decimal value to set I/O lines high or low (16,383 maximum). Commands for basic I/O are summarized in Table B-1. For example, to set all 14 lines high, send: digio.write.port(16383).

Tab le B-1

Commands for basic I/O port

Command Description

digio.readbit(bit) digio.readport() digio.writebit(bit, data) digio.writeport(data)

Read one digital I/O input line. Read digital I/O port. Write data to one digital I/O output line. Write data to digital I/O port.

How do I trigger other instruments?

Reference See “Triggering” in Section 4, “Remote digital I/O commands” in Section 11, and

Section 12 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for triggering and Digital I/O port command details.

Triggering a scanner

A typical test scenario might call for using the Series 2600 with a scanner to test a number of DUTs in sequence. A basic example that uses the Series 2600 Digital I/O port to trigger a scanner is shown in the scanner mainframe trigger input, while line 2 of the I/O port is used as a trigger input.

Figure B-2

Triggering a scanner

Figure B-2. In this case, line 1 of the I/O port is used as a trigger output and connected to

Series 2600 SourceMeter

Digital I/O Line 1

(Trigger Out)

Digital I/O Line 2

(Trigger In)

Scanner Mainframe

Trigger In

Trigger Out

2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008 Return to Section Topics B-3

Appendix B: Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeter® Instruments User’s Manual

Programming triggering

A simple command sequence that sets up triggering is shown below. The first two commands set the output pulse width on line 1 and program line 2 for falling edge input triggers. The second two commands assert and then wait for a trigger on lines 1 and 2 respectively.

digio.trigger[1].pulsewidth = 1e-5 --Set line 1 pulse width to 10μs.

digio.trigger[2].mode = digio.TRIG_FALLING

digio.trigger[1].assert() --Assert trigger on line 1.

digio.trigger[2].wait(timeout) --Wait for trigger on line 2.

How do I generate a service request?

Reference See “Status byte and service request (SRQ)” and additional information in Appendix

D of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for status model and service request details.

Setting up a service request

The exact programming steps necessary to generate a GPIB service request (SRQ) will vary somewhat depending on the event(s) intended to generate the SRQ. In general, the steps used will be as follows:

• Clear all status registers to prevent anomalous events from generating an SRQ.

• Set bits in the appropriate operation: questionable, measurement enable, or transition register(s).

• Set the proper summary bit in the service request enable register. At least one bit in this register must always be set, but the exact bit(s) to be set will depend on the desired SRQ event(s).

--Set line 2 mode to falling edge.

Service request programming example

The example below shows how to program the SourceMeter to generate an SRQ when the current limit on Channel A is exceeded.

status.reset() --Clear all registers.

status.measurement.current_limit.enable = status.measurement.current_limit.SMUA

status.measurement.enable = status.measurement.ILMT

status.request_enable = status.MSB - Enable status SRQ MSB.

--Enable current limit bit in current limit register.

--Enable status measure current limit bit.

Polling for SRQs

To determine if the SourceMeter is the GPIB device that generated the SRQ, simply serial poll the unit for the status byte, and test to see if the corresponding summary bit or bits are set. For example, the following commands request the status byte and prints the result:

status_byte = status.condition print(status_byte)

B-4 Return to Section Topics 2600S-900-01 Rev. C / January 2008

Keithley 2601, 2602, 2612, 2611, 2635 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

WARRANTY

Safety Precautions

Table of Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

Front and rear panel familiarization

What are the source-measure capabilities?

How do I make measurements?

How do I use the buffer?

How do I use the remote interface?

How do I use Test Script Builder?

How do I use TSB to make measurements?

How do I use other programs?

What is a script?

How do I run a script from the front panel?

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder?

How do I use other programs?

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?

How do I use the expanded system?

How do I optimize performance?

How do I use the Digital I/O port?

How do I trigger other instruments?

How do I generate a service request?