Keithley 263 Service manual
WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments. Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of l year
from date of shipment.
Keithley Instruments. Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable
batteries. diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective,
To exercise this warranty. write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio.
You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service
facility. Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for
the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or
misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from
battery leakage. or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS
INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE
OFTHE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY
PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. * 28775 Aurora Road * Cleveland, OH 44139 - 440-248-0400 *Fax: 440-248-6168 * http://www.keithley.com
Model 263 Calibrator/Source
Instruction Manual
01987, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Fifth Printing, November 2000
Document Number: 263-901-01 Rev. E
Manual Print History
The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The
Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are
released between Revisions, contain important change information that the uw should incorporate immediately
into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated
with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page.
Revision A (Document Number 263-901-01) ................................................. October 1987
Addendum A (Document Number 263-901-02). ............................................. October 1988
Revision B (Document Number 263-901-01) ............................................. December 1988
Revision C (Document Number 263-901-01) ................................................... March 1991
Revision D (Document Number 263-901-01). ................................................. August 1992
Addendum D (Document Number 263-901-02) ......................................... September 1993
Revision E (Document Number 263-901-01). ............................................. November 2000
Safe& Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using
this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions
may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read the operating information
carefully before using the product.
Tbe types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use
and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is
operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators arc adequately trained.
Operators USC the product for its intended function. They must he
trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrw
mea. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with
hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product
to keep it operating, for example, setting the lint voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in
the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by sewicc
pelS0”llC.l.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform
safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Users of this product must be protected from electric shock at all
times. The responsible body must onsure that users are prevented
access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases,
connections must he exposed to potential human contact. Product
users in these circumstances must he trained to protect themselves
from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating
at or above 1000 volts, no conductive part of the circuit may be
exposed.
As described in the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) Standard IEC 664, digital multimeter measuring circuits
(e.g., Kcithley Models 175A. 199,2000,2001, 2002, and 2010) are
Installation Category II. All other instruments’ signal terminals are
Installation Category I and must not he connected to mains.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits.
They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources.
NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting
cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks
before each use.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any
other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.
ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge
any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal
changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal
voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock
hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V
peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect
that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before
measuring.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the
common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) gruund.
Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a
dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being
measured.
The in~h-ument and accessories must be used in accordance with its
specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equipment may be impaired.
The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might
result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or
switching card.
When fuses are used in aproduct, replace with same type and rating
for continued protection against tire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for
measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is a&plied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a
lid interlock.
Ifa@.
wire recommended in the user documentation.
Then symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.
Then
sure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of normal
and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to
twoid personal contact with these voltages.
FCEW is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the
symbol on an instrument shows that it can source ormca-
The CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could
damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the Line cord and
all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement
components in mains circuits, including the power transformer, test
leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley lostrumerits. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals,
may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components
that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as
long as they are equivalent to tbc original component. (Note that se-
lected parts should be purchased only through Keitbley Instruments
to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are
unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a
Keithley Instruments office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based
cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply
cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill
on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no
case ox chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a
computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to in-
structions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is af-
fected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper
cleaning/servicing.
Rev. lo/99
263 Calibrator/Source
Table of Contents
SECTION 1 - General Information
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7.1
1.7.2
1.8
1.9
SECTION 2 - Getting Started
INTRODUCTION. .................
FEATURES. .......................
WARRANTY INFORMATION .......
MANUAL ADDENDA .............
SAFETY TERMS AND SYMBOLS.
SPECIFICATIONS .................
UNPACKING AND INSPECTION ...
Shipment Contents ...............
Additional Documentation. .......
REPACKING FOR SHIPMENT ......
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES .........
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
I-1
l-1
l-1
1-l
1-l
1-l
l-2
l-2
l-2
1-2
l-2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
INTRODUCTION.
FRONT PANEL FAMILIARIZATION.
REAR PANEL FAMILIARIZATION
CALIBRATOR/SOURCE OPERATION.
rower up
Test Connections.
Basic Sourcing Procedure
SECTION 3 - Operation
3.1
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.4
3.4.1
3.4.2
3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.6
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.7
3.7.1
3.7.2
3.7.3
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................
I’OWERUI’I’ROCEDURE ..................................................................
LineVoltage .............................................................................
LinePowerConnections ..................................................................
PowerSwitch ............................................................................
PowerUpSelfTest .......................................................................
Power Up Configuration. .................................................................
WarmUpPeriod
OUTPUTCHARACTERISTICS ..............................................................
VoltageSource ...........................................................................
ResistanceSource ........................................................................
CurrentandChargeSource ................................................................
FUNCTION AND RANGE SELECTION.
FunctionSelection .......................................................................
RangeSelection ..........................................................................
DATAENTRY .............................................................................
AdjustMethod ..........................................................................
KeypadMethod .........................................................................
OPERATEANDZERO .....................................................................
Operate .................................................................................
Zero ....................................................................................
GUARD ..................................................................................
GuardedOhms
GuardedAmpsandCoulombs .............................................................
GuardedVolts
.........................................................................
..........................................................................
...........................................................................
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....................................................
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
2-l
2-l
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-5
2-5
3-l
3-l
3.1
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-4
34
3-6
3-6
3-6
3-7
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-9
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-15
3-19
3.8
3.9
3.9.1
3.9.2
3.9.3
3.10
3.10.1
3.10.2
3.10.3
3.10.4
3.11
3.11.1
3.11.2
3.11.3
PREAMP OUT
FRONTI'ANELI'ROGRAMS
ProgramIEEE ........................................................................... 3-20
ProgramdISP
Programtc ..............................................................................
SOURCINGTECHNIQUES .................................................................
Connections. ............................................................................
SourcingOhms .......................................................................... 3-22
SourcingVolts ........................................................................... 3-23
SourcingAmpsandCoulombs
SOURCING CONSIDERATIONS
Temperaturecompensation
BurdenVoltage .......................................................................... 3-26
Guarding ...............................................................................
............................................................................
...............................................................
........................................................................... 3-20
............................................................
............................................................
...............................................................
3-19
3-20
3-21
3-21
3-21
3-24
3-26
3-26
3-27
SECTION 4
4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.3
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.5.3
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.6.3
4.6.4
4.6.5
4.6.6
4.6.7
4.7
4.7.1
4.7.2
4.7.3
4.7.4
4.7.5
4.7.6
4.7.7
4.7.8
4.7.9
4.7.10
4.7.11
4.7.12
4.7.13
4.7.14
4.7.15
4.7.16
4.7.17
4.8
INTRODUCTION .........................................................................
BUSCONNECTIONS ......................................................................
vpical Contro!led Systems
Cable Connecttons ...
PRlMARYADDRESSPROGRAMMING
CONTROLLERPROGRAMMING
Controller Handler Software ..............................................................
Interface BASIC Programming Statements
FRONT PANEL ASPECTS OF IEEE-488 OPERATION
BusErrors ..............................................................................
NumberErrors ..........................................................................
CalibrationStorageMessages
GENERALBUSCOMMANDS
REN(RemoteEnable)
IFC(InterfaceClear).
LLO(LocalLockout)
GTL(GoToLocal)andLocal
DCL(DeviceClear) ......................................................................
SDC(SelectiveDeviceClear)
SPE, SPD (Serial Polling).
DEVICE-DEPENDENT COMMANDS. .......................................................
Programmingoverview
A(Calibration) ..........................................................................
C(TemperatureCompensation)
F(Function)
G (Prefix) ...............................................................................
J (Self-test), .............................................................................
K (EOI).
L (Calibration; Low Temperature Point).
M (SRQ Mask and Serial I’oII Byte Format) ..................................................
O(Operate) .............................................................................
R(Range) ...............................................................................
u (Status).
V(OutputValue) ........................................................................
W (Guard), .............................................................................
X(Execute) .............................................................................
Y (Terminator). ................................
Z(Zero) ................................................................................
TIMING CONSIDERATIONS
- IEEE-486
................................................................................
Programming
..................................
, ...............................................................................................
......................................................
...........................................................
.............................................................
..............................................................
....................................................................
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
..............................................................
..............................................................
.................................................................
..................................................................
............................................................
.............................................................................
....................................................
..............................................................................
..............................................................
..................................................
..........................................
........................................
41
4-l
41
4-2
4-3
4-4
44
44
4-5
4-5
4-5
4-6
4-6
4-6
4-7
4-7
4-7
4-7
4-8
4-8
49
49
412
4-13
414
415
416
4-17
4-18
4-19
4-21
4-22
4-23
4-26
4-27
4-28
4-29
430
431
II
SECTION 5 - Applications
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.2.5
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.3.5
5.3.6
5.3.7
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
5.4.5
5.4.6
5.4.7
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2
5.5.3
5.5.4
5.5.5
INTRODUCTION
Calibration Applications
Sourcing Applications
MODEL485CALIBRATION..
Calibration Storage Enable
Required Equipment
Environmental Conditions
Front Panel Calibration
IEEE-488 Bus Calibration.
MODEL617CALIBRATION..
CalibrationJumper
RequiredEquipment
Environmental Conditions
Calibrationsequence
Manual Calibration Adjustments.
Front Panel Digital Calibration.
IEEE-488 Bus Digital Calibration.
CALIBRATING OTHER PICOAMMETERSIELECTROMETERS
Model 480 Picoammeter Calibration.
Model 619 Electrometer Calibration
Model 614 Electrometer Calibration
Model 642 Electrometer Calibration
Model 610C Electrometer Calibration.
Model 602 Electrometer Calibration
Model 616 Electrometer Calibration
SOURCING APPLICATIONS
Current Suppression
Galvanometric Measurements
Low Resistance “LindecK’ Measurements
Resistivity Measurements
Diode Characterization
..........................................................................
.......................................................................
..................................................................
....................................................................
..............................................................
................................................................
.....................................................................
................................................................
...................................................................
.................................................................
..............................................................
.....................................................................
................................................................
.....................................................................
..........................................................
............................................................
..........................................................
.......................................................
........................................................
........................................................
........................................................
......................................................
........................................................
........................................................
................................................................
.....................................................................
.............................................................
...................................................
.................................................................
...................................................................
.................................
5-1
5-l
5-l
5-l
5-1
5-l
5-2
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-4
5-5
5-5
5-5
5-6
5-7
5-11
5-14
5-14
5-14
5-15
5-16
5-16
5-18
5-19
5-19
5-19
5-20
5-21
5-21
5-21
SECTION 6 - Performance Verification
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.6.1
6.6.2
6.6.3
6.6.4
6.6.5
6.6.6
INTRODUCTION
ENVIRONMENTALCONDITIONS
lNITIALCONDITIONS
RECOMMENDEDTESTEQUIPMENT
PERFORMANCEVERIFICATION RECORD
VERIFICATIONPROCEDURES
VOLTSAccuracyVerification
1~AccuracyCheck
AMPSZeroOffsetChecks
AMPS (200vA-2mA) Accuracy Checks
AMPS (20pA-2uA) Accuracy Check
AMPS V/R Functional Checks
.........................................................................
.........................................................
...................................................................
............................................................
.............................................................
....................................................................
................................................................
............................................................
......................................................
.................................................
.....................................................
......................................................
6-l
6-l
6-l
6-1
6-2
6-2
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-6
6-7
6-7
iii
SECTION 7 - Principles of Operation
7.1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................
7.2 OVERALL FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.
7.3 VOLTAGESOURCE
7.4
7.5 CURRENT SOURCES
7.5.1 Passive (AMPS V/R) Current Source
7.5.2 Active(AMPS)CurrentSource
7.6
7.7
7.8 DIGITALCIRCUITRY
7.8.1 Microcomputer ..........................................................................
7.8.2 MemoryElements
7.8.3
7.8.4 IEEE-488Bus ............................................................................
7.9
7.10 MAINPOWERSUPPLY
OHMSSOURCE ...........................................................................
CHARGE SOURCES
TEMPERATURECOMPENSATION
DeviceSelection
DISPLAYCIRCUITRY
.......................................................................
......................................................................
............................................................
.......................................................................
..........................................................
......................................................................
.......................................................................
.........................................................................
......................................................................
....................................................................
...................................................
.......................................................
SECTION 8 - Maintenance
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.4.1
8.4.2
8.4.3
8.4.4
8.4.5
8.4.6
8.4.7
8.4.8
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.7.1
8.7.2
8.7.3
8.7.4
8.7.5
8.7.6
8.7.7
8.7.8
8.8
INTRODUCTION ............................................
LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION
FUSE REPLACEMENT.
CALIBRATION ..............................................
Calibration Overview
Recommended Calibration Equipment
Environmental Conditions.
Cool-down Period
Calibration Switch ..........................................
Calibration Record.
Front Panel Calibration.
IEEE-488 Bus Calibration Program
SPECIAL HANDLING OF STATIC SENSITIVE DEVICES.
DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
TROUBLESHOOTING ........................................
Recommended Test Equipment.
Power Up Self Test.
Display Test and Software Revision
Power Supply Checks .......................................
Logic and Switching FET States.
VoltageSourceChecks
Electrometer Amplifier Check
Digital and Display Circuitry Checks.
HANDLING AND CLEANING PRECAUTIONS
..........................................
.........................................
.........................................
..................................
.......................................
.......................................
........................
..................................
.....................................
............................
...............................
..............................
...........................
..............................
.......................................
................................
.........................
.................
7-l
7-l
7-1
7-7
7-7
7-8
7-8
7-10
7-10
7-10
7-10
7-11
7-11
7-11
7-11
7-12
............................
............................
............................ 8-1
............................ 8-2
............................ 8-2
............................ 8-2
............................ 8-2
............................ 8-3
............................ 8-3
............................ 8-3
............................ 8-3
............................ 8-10
............................ 8-13
............................ 8-13
............................ 8-15
............................ 8-15
............................ 8-15
............................ 8-16
............................ 8-16
............................ 8-17
............................
............................ 8-20
............................ 8-20
............................ 8-22
8-l
8-l
8-20
SECTION 9 - Replaceable Parts
9.1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................
9.2 ELECTRICAL PARTS LISTS.
9.3 MECHANICAL PARTS.
9.4
9.5
9.6
IV
ORDERINGINFORMATION
FACTORYSERVICE.. .....................................................................
COMPLETE LOCATION DRAWINGS AND SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS
................................................................
....................................................................
............................................................... 9-l
..........................
9-l
9-l
9-l
9-l
Y-l
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
Interface Function Codes.
APPENDIX C
ASCII Character Codes and IEEE-488 Multiline Interface Command Messages.
APPENDIX D
IBM PC/AT and CEC PC < > 4R8 Interface Programming.
APPENDIX E
Controller Frograms........................................................................ E-l
APPENDIX F
IEEE-488 Bus Overview.
APPENDIX G
Performance Verification and Calibration Records.
B-l
C-l
D-l
F-l
G-l
List of Tables
SECTION 3 - Operation
3-l
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
Power Up Default Conditions
Sourcing Guarded Ohms to Keithley Electrometers.
Additional Ohms Specifications.
Temperature Compensated Functions/Ranges,
Output Resistance of Passive Sources,
SECTION 4 - IEEE-488 Programming
...............................................................
.............................................................
............................................
................................................ 3-26
........................................................
3-2
3-14
3-23
3-27
4-l
4-2
4-3
4-4 General Bus Commands and Associated BASIC Statements.
4-s Device-Dependent Command Summary.
IEEE-488 Contact Designation
BASIC Statements Necessary to Send Bus Commands
IEEE-486FrontPanelMessages ..............................................................
............................................................... 4-2
.......................................... 4-5
.....................................................
SECTION 5 - Applications
5-l
5-2
5-3
5-4
Model 485 Range Calibration.
Model 617 Amps Calibration
Model 617 Volts Calibration
Model617OhmsCalibration ...............................................................
..............................................................
...............................................................
................................................................
SECTION 6 - Performance Verification
6-l
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-h
6-7
Recommended Test Equipment.
VOLTSAccuracyChecks ....................................
IkfiAccuracyChecks
AMPS Zero Offset Checks. ..................................
AMPS (200pA-2mA) Accuracy Checks.
AMPS (20pA-2pA) Accuracy Checks
AMPS V/R Functional Checks. ..............................
......................................
.............................
.......................
.........................
SECTION 7 - Principles of Operation
7-l
7-2
7-3
VoltageSourceRanges ......................................................................
OHMSSourceRanges ......................................................................
Current Range Resistances
.................................................................. 7-R
.....................................
4-5
4-6
4-10
5-2
5-8
5-9
5-9
6-l
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-7
6-8
6-8
7-3
7-7
vii
SECTION 8 - Maintenance
8-l
8-2
8-3
84
8-5
8-6
8-7
8-8
8-9
a-10
8-11
8-12
8-13
8-14
8-15
8-16
8-17
8-18
8-19
LineFuseSelection . . .._........................._......._.................................
Recommended Calibration Equipment
I
“Cold
“Coki” Low Ohms Calibration .
“Cold
“Hot VoltsCahbrahon.....................................................................
“Hot LowOhmsCallbratlon...............................................................
“Hot” High Ohms Calibration.
“Cold” High Ohms Calibration (Direct Measurement Method)*.
“Hot” High Ohms Calibration (Direct Measurement Method)*.
Recommended Troubleshooting Equipment.
rowersupplychecks...................................................................... 8-16
Volts Logic and Switching States.
Amps and Coulombs Logic and Switching States
Ohms Logic and Switching States*
VoltageSourceChecks*..................................................................... 8-20
Electrometer Amplifier Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DigitalCircuitryChecks....................................................................
DisplayCircuitryChecks...................................................................
Volts Calibration.
I
High Ohms Calibration.
I,
n
8-2
8-3
8-7
8-7
8-7
8-8
8-8
8-8
8-9
8-9
8-15
8-17
8-18
8-19
8-20
8-21
8-21
List of Illustrations
SECTION 2 - Getting Started
2-l
2-2
2-3
24 Data Entry Controls-Keypad Method.
SECTION 3 - Operation
3-l
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-12 Sourcing Guarded
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-18
3-19
3-20
3-21
3-22
3-23
3.24 Burden Voltage Considerations
3-25
3-26
Model263FrontFanel......................................................................
Model263I~earPanel.....................................................,,...............
Data Entry Controls -Adjust Method.
LineVoltageSwitch
voltagesource .............................................................................
ExternalSource
Active Current Source (Unguarded).
Passive(V/R)CurrentSource ................................................................
Data Entry Controls -Adjust Method,
Data Entry Controls - Keypad Method.
UnguardedCircuit .........................................................................
GuardedCircuit ...........................................................................
OhmsOutputConhgurabons
Sourcing Guarded Ohms to Electrometer that has a Selectable Guarded Input.
Amps/Coulombs Output Configurations
Sourcing Amps to a Feedback Picoammeter
Sourcing Guarded Amps to a Shunt Picoammeter Using an Input Adapter
GuardingforHighImpedanceLoad ..........................................................
UsingI’REAMI’OUTGuard
VoltsOutputConfiguration .................................................................
Using I’reamp Out to Monitor Load Voltage.
output Connector Configuration
Unguarded Sourcing to Electrometer
Connecting External Voltage Source to Model 263.
SourcingtoaLoad .........................................................................
UnguardedTriaxCable .....................................................................
GuardedTriaxCable .......................................................................
........................................................................
............................................................................ 3-4
.................................................................
Ohms to
Electrometer Using an Input Adapter,
................................................................
.............................................................. 3-21
..............................................................
.........................................................
........................................................
....................................................... 3-9
.....................
...............................
.....................................................
...................................................
........................
.................................................. 3-20
.........................................................
.............................................
2-2
2-4
2-6
2-7
3-1
3-3
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-l 0
3-11
3-12
3-12
3-13
3-16
3-17
3.17
3-18
3-l 8
3-19
3-22
3.24
3-25
3-27
3-28
3-29
SECTION 4 - IEEE-488 Programming
4-l
4-2
4-3
4-4
45
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
410
SystemSpes ......................................................................
IEEE-488Connector ................................................................
IEEE-488Connections ..............................................................
Model 263 Rear Panel IEEE-488 Connector
ContactAssignments
GeneralDataFormat ...............................................................
SRQ Mask and Serial Poll Byte Format.
UO Machine Status Word (Default Conditions Shown)
UlErrorStatusWord
IJ2DataStatusWord ...............................................................
...............................................................
...............................................................
,..... ‘I-2
............................................ 4-3
...............................................
..................................
4-l
4-3
4-3
4-15
4-20
4-24
4-24
4-25
ix
SECTION 5 - Applications
5-l Model 485 Calibration Connections
5-2 Calibration Jumper Location (Model 617)
5-3 Input Offset Adjustment Locations (Model 617).
5-4
5-5
5-6 Connections for External Voltage Source.
5-7
5-8
5-9 Model642Ca~bratlon
5-10 Model610CCalibration..
5-11
5-12 Model602AccuracyChecks
5-13
5-14
5-15
5-16
5-17
5-18
Connections for Model 617 Voltage Source Calibration.
Connections for Model 617 Calibration
Model480Calbration
Sourcing Guarded Ohms to Electrometer Using an Input Adapter.
........................................................................
Model 610C Ohms Accuracy Checks (XGQ)
Model602OhmsAccuracyChecks(SlGn)
Nulling Circuit
LowResistanceMeasurementConnections
Resistivity Measurement Using the Model 263.
Diodecharacterization
DiodeCurves
.............................................................................
......................................................................
..................................................................
.................................................................
............................................................................
.....................................................................
..........................................................
.....................................................
.......................................................
.....................................................
..................................................
....................................................
....................................................
...............................................
.........................................
...............................
................................................
5-3
5-5
5-6
5-7
5-10
5-10
5-14
5-15
5-16
5-17
5-18
5-19
5-19
5-20
5-21
5-22
5-22
5-22
SECTION 6 - Performance Verification
6-l VOLTSAccuracyChecks ~~.~~~~..~~.~~~~~.~~...~~~.~~~.~.~...~.~~~.~~....~.~~.~.~~~~...~~~~ 6-2
6-2 AMPSZeroOffsetChecks ,,_.,,.,,.._.,,,._...._,,,.,,.__,,..,_...,,,.__..._,...._,,..._._, 6-5
63
64
AMPS (ZOOPA and 2mA Ranges) Accuracy Checks
AMPS (ZOpA-2bA Ranges) Accuracy Checks
6-6
6-7
SECTION 7 -Principles of Operation
7-1 Model 263 Simplified Diagram
7-2 VoltageSourceBlockDiagram
7-3 Pulse Width Modulation.
7-4
7-5
7-6
7-7
7-8 Active (AMPS) Current Source Circuitry.
7-9
3-PoleFilter ...............................................................................
Voltage Source Ranging Amplifier
Simplified Voltage Source Ranging Amplifier.
Passive (AMPS V/R Current Source)
Active (AMPS) Current Source
..............................................................
...............................................................
...................................................................
...........................................................
.........................................................
..............................................................
SECTION 8 - Maintenance
8-1
8-2 Calibration Switch
8-3 Volts and Low Ohms Calibration
8-4
8-5
E-6 Model263ExplodedView
Line Voltage Switch (105-125V Range Selected)
.........................................................................
............................................................
High Ohms Calibration and Voltage Offset Adjust
OffsetVoltageAdjust
.......................................................................
..................................................................
.................................................
.....................................................
................................................
.............................................
7-2
7-3
7-4
7-5
7-6
7-7
7-8
7-9
7-10
8-1
8-3
8-5
8-6
8-9
E-14
x
SECTION
1
General Information
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This section contains information on the Model 263
Calibrator/Source features, warranty, manual addenda,
specifications, and safety terms and symbols. Also included are procedures for unpacking and inspecting the instrument, as well as a brief description of available
accessories.
The information in Section 1 is arranged as follows:
1.2
Features
Warranty Information
1.3
Manual Addenda
1.4
Safety Symbols and Terms
1.5
Specifications
1.6
Unpacking and Inspection
1.7
Repacking for Shipment
1.8
Optional Accessories
1.9
1.2 FEATURES
l
Resistance sourcing from lkQ to 1OOGQ in decade steps.
l
DC voltage sourcing from OV to k19.9995V.
l
DC current sourcing from OA to +19.9995mA.
l
DC charge sourcing from OC to k19.9995lC.
. Temperature compensation for the lGR, 1OGn and lOOGO
resistors. This feature allows the unit to track the actual
resistance of these resistors as the ambient temperature
changes.
l
Two methods of data entry. The keypad method uses
front panel buttons configured as a standard keypad to
enter outout readines on the disolav. The adiust method
uses two’adjust bu;ons to in&&t or d&rement the
displayed reading.
l
Zero at the touch of a button. The ZERO button toggles
the display between zero and the programmed output
reading.
l
Fully programmable over the IEEE-488 bus.
l
Simple calibration: A single Keithley Model 196 DMM
(or equivalent) is the only instrument needed.
1.3 WARRANTY INFORMATION
Warranty information for your Model 263 may be found
inside the front cover of this manual. Should it become
necessary for you to use the warranty, contact your
Keithley representative or the factory for information on
obtaining warranty service. Keithley Instruments, Inc
maintains service facilities in the United States, West Germany, France, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Austria.
Information concerning the operation, application, or service of your instrument may be directed to the applications
engineer at one of these locations.
1.4 MANUAL ADDENDA
Information concerning changes or improvements to the
instrument which occur after this manual has been printed
will be found on an addendum sheet included with the
instrument. Please be sure to read this information before
attempting to operate or service the instrument.
1.5 SAFETY TERMS AND SYMBOLS
The following safety terms are used in this manual or
found on the instrument.
The symbol
A
on the instrument indicates that the user
should refer to the operating instructions in this manual
for further details.
The
WARNING
heading used in this manual explains
dangers that could result in personal injury or death.
Always read the associated information very carefully
before performing the indicated procedure.
The
CAUTION
heading used in this manual explains
hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage
may invalidate the warranty.
1.6 SPECIFICATIONS
Detailed Model 263 specifications are located at the front
of this manual.
l-l
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.7 UNPACKING .AND INSPECTION
The Model 263 was carefully inspected and packed before
shipment. Upon receiving the instrument, carefully un-
pack all items from the shipping carton and inspect for
any obvious signs of damage that might have occurred
during shipment. Report any damage to the shipping
agent immediately. Retain the original packing material
in case reshipment becomes necessary.
1.7.1 Shipment Contents
The following items are included with every Model 263
shipment:
Model 263 Calibrator/Source
Model 7024-3 Triax to Traix Cable (3 ft.)
Instruction Manual
Quick Reference Guide
1.7.2 Additional Documentation
If an additional instruction manual is required, order the
manual package, Keithley Part Number 263-901-00. The
manual package includes an instruction manual and all
pertinent addenda.
If an additional Quick Reference Guide is required, order
Keithley Part Number 263-903-00.
1.8 REPACKING FOR SHIPMENT
Before shipment, the unit should be carefully packed in
its original packing carton using all original packing
materials.
if the instrument is to be returned to Keithley Instruments
for repair, complete the following:
1.9 OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
The following accessories for the Model 263 are available
from Keithley Instruments, Inc. Contact your Keithley
representative or the factory for information on obtaining
these accessories.
Models 1019A-1 and 1019A-2 are fixed shelf-type rack
mounting kits for half-rack, 127mm (Wz in.) high instruments (such as the Model 263). The 1019A-1 kit mounts
one instrument and the 1019A-2 mounts two.
Models 101951 and 1019S-2 are sliding shelf-type mounting kits for half-rack, 127mm (5% in.) high instruments
(such as the Model 263). The 10195-l kit mounts one instrument and the 10195-2 mounts two.
Model 4804 is a 2-slot male BNC to 2-lug female triaxial
adapter. Used to adapt the supplied triaxial output cable
of the Model 263 to 2-lug BNC input connectors.
Models 6011 and 6011-10 Trixial Cables are made up of
three feet of triaxial cable that is terminated with a triax
plug on one end and three alligator clips on the ofher end.
The Model 6011-10 is a similar cable 10 feet in length.
Model 6012 Triax to UHF Adapter allows the Model 263
to be used with accessories having UHF type connectors.
Model 6105 Resistivity Chamber is a guarded test fixture
for measuring voltage and surface resistivities. The unit
assures good electrostatic shielding and high insulation
resistance. The complete system requires the use of an external voltage supply such as the Model 263 as well as a
picoammeter. Volume resistivity up to lOWan and surface resistivity up to 10x8n can be measured in accordance
with ASTM test procedures. Sheet samples 64 to 102mm
(12~12 x 4”) in diameter and up to 6.4mm (IL”) thickness
can be accommodated. Excitation voltages up to 1OOOV
may be used.
1. On the shipping label, indicate the warranty status of
the instrument and write;
ATTENTION REPAIR DEPARTMENT
2. Complete and include the service form at the back of
this manual.
l-2
Model 6146 Triax Tee Adapter allows the simultaneous
connection of two triaxial cables to the single triaxial output of the Model 263.
Model 6147 Triax to BNC Adapter allows the Model 263
output to be connected to accessories having BNC connectors.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Model 6167 Guarded Input Adapter is used to reduce effective cable capacity by driving the inner shield of the
triaxial cable at guard potential. Use to
make
guarded connections from the Model 263 to Keithley Models 602, 614
and 6161 Electrometers. Triax female to triax male.
Models 6171 and 6172 3-Lug to 2-Lug Adapters-The
Model 6171 is a 3-lug male to 2-lug female triadal adapter,
while the Model 6172 is a 2-lug male to 3-lug female triaxial
adapter.
Model 6191 Guarded Input Adapter is similar to the
Model 6167 except it is used to make guarded connections
from the Model 263 to the Model 619 Electrometer. Triax
female to triax male.
Models 7007-l and 7007-2 are shielded IEEE-488 interface
cables with shielded connectors on each end. The 7007-l
is lm (3.3 ft.) in length and the 7007-2 is 2m (6 ft.) in
length.
Model 7010 Shielded IEEE to IEEE Adapter provides additional clearance between the IEEE-488 cable and rear
panel, allowing easier access to switches, cables, and other
connectors.
Model 7023 Female Triaxial Connector is a chassis mount
connector that mates with the Models 6011 and 7024 triaxial cables.
Models 7024-3 and 7024-10 are triaxial cables terminated
with 2-lug male triaxial connectors on each end. The 7024
is 0.9m (3 ft.) in length and the 7024-10 is 3.0m (10 ft.) in
length.
l-311-4
SECTION 2
Getting Started
2.1 lNTRODlJCTlON
This section contains introductory information on
operating pur instrument and is intended to help you get
our Model 263 u
P.
t mcludes a brief x ‘. escnpbon of operating contmls and test
connections. Once you are familiar with the material
presented here, refer to Section 3 for more detailed
information.
Section 2 is organized as follows:
2.2 Front Panel Familiarization: Briefly describes each
front panel control, outlines display operation, and
lists where to find more detailed information in Section 3.
2.3 Rear F’mel Familiarization: Outlines each aspect of
the Model 263 rear panel including connectors and
switches.
and running as quickly as possible.
2.4 Basic Sourcing Techniques: Provides a general stepby-step procedure for sourcing resistance, voltage,
current and charge.
2.2 FRONT PANEL FAMILIARIZATION
An overview of the Model 263 is given in the following
paragraphs. The front panel of the instrument is shown
in Figure 2-1, along with a brief description of each item.
All front panel controls except POWER are momentary
contact switches. Some control buttons have an annunicator light to indicate the selected function. Some buttons have a secondary function that may be entered by
pressing first SHIFT and then the desired button. All such
second
button. e controls are color-code J mto functional groups
for ease of operation.
functions are marked in ellow as is the SHIFT
YE
2-l
GETTING STARTED
ADJUST A
ADJUSTW
CONTROL
7 //I
;$
Figure 2-1. Model 263 Front Panel
POWER AC power switch turns unit on or off.
SHIE?
Enables access to secondary features (highlighted
in yellow).
FUNCTION BLOCK
OHMS Configures the Model 263 to source 1kQ to
100GQ.
VOLTS Configures the Model 263 to source zero to
*19.9995v.
SHIFT VOLTS
Configures the Model 263 to output an
external source applied to the rear panel EXT INPUT of
up to +2OOV peak.
AMPS Configures the Model 263 as an active current
source that can output zero to k19.9995mA.
SHIFT AMPS
Configures the Model 263 as a passive cm-
rent source (AMPS V/R) that can output zero to
+19.9995mA.
COUL Configures the Model 263 as an active coulomb
source that can output zero to *199.995&.
SHIFT COUL Configures the Model 263 as a passive
coulomb source (COUL V/R) that can output zero to
*199.995/K.
CONTROL BLOCK
RANGE These two buttons are used to select the range
of the selected function. RANGE A upranges the instrument, while RANGE v downranges.
CURSOR These two buttons along with the adjust buttons provide one method (Adjust Method) to enter
numeric data on the display. With the cursor off (see
SHIFT ON/OFF), each press of a cursor button identifies
the currently selected display digit by momentarily
flashing a digit segment. With the cursor on, a segment
of the selected digit flashes continuously. CURSOR 4
moves the cursor from right to left and CURSOR ) moves
the cursor from left to right.
SHIFT ON/OFF Toggles cursor on and off.
2-2
OETTING STARTED
ADJUST ADJUST A increments the display at the currently selected digit, while ADJUST v dec-ments the
display. For example, on the 1V range with the cursor at
the tenths digit, each nwmentq press of an ADJUST button will inaement or decrement the display reading by
O.lV. The ADJUST buttons are also used to change front
panel program parameters. The ADJUST buttons are inoperative in the ohms function.
KEYPAD/ENTER This button along with the number
buttons provide another method (Keypad Method) to
enter numeric data on the display. The displa
can be changed on all functions except ohms. l&h en the
keypad is enabled the cursor will be at the most signifcant digit. After a number is keyed in at the mOst significant digit position, the remaining digits will zero and the
cursor will move to the next less significant digit. After
keying in the desired dis lay reading, press ENTER to
enter the new reading an cr. &able the keypad. The ohms
display reading cannot be altered by the keypad.
SHIFT CANCEL Operational only when KEYPAD is
enabled. Pressing SHIFT CANCEL after keying in a
reading usin
disable the a
previous reading before KEYPAD was enabled.
the keyboard will cancel that reading and
eyboard. The display will return to the
reading
tween guarded and unguarded. A simplified schematic
of the guard circuitry is located on on the rear panel.
MENU Scrolls through the available front panel programs. With a program displayed, the parameters can be
changed with the ADJUST buttons. Scrollin
program returns the display to the
OPERATE Toggles the instrument between the standby and operate conditions. In operate, the programmed
source is available at the output.
IEEE STATUS INDICATORS
TALK, LISTEN, REMOTE These three indicators app-
ly to instrument operation over the IEEE-488 bus. The
REMOTE indicator shows when the instrument is in the
IEEE-488 remote state. The TALK and LISTEN indicators
show when the instrument is in the talk and listen states
respectively. See Section 4 for detailed infomation on
operation over the bus.
norm jmode.
past the last
2.3 REAR PANEL FAMILIARIZATION
* Toggles the display between positive (+) polarity and
negative (-) polarity.
ZERO This button toggles the display between zero and
the reading that was previously displayed.
SHIFT GUARD Toggles the output configuration be-
An overview of the rear panel of the Model 263 is provided
in the following paragraphs. The rear panel is shown in
Figure 2-2. In addition to the various connectors and swit-
ches, a simplified schematic of the guard circuitry is pro-
vided. Also included is a cross reference to other sections
of the manual where more detailed information can be
found.
2-3
r
1
0
EXT
mov INPUT
PEAK
lOOlIlA
0
PEAK
COMMON
PREAMP OUT
0
CALIBRATION
m ENABLED
m DISPBLED
\
IEEE 488 INTERFACE
OUTPUT
20OV PEAK
0
0
TRIAX
30” MAX
A7
m 90.IlO” q
m 180-220”
I x05-l25V
,m. 210-250” q LINE
FUSE 0
SLOWBLDW SO-60Hr AC ONLY
1/4A 90.125V
1,SA ISO-250,’
0
c
LINE RATING
25 VA MAX
/
Figure 2-2. Model 263 Rear Panel
OUTPUT The source output high is available at this trim
connector. Source low may also be available here or at the
COMMON terminal depending on the configuration of
the output.
EXT INPUT This banana plug is used to connect an external supply (up to +200mA) to the Model 263. This external supply is then available at the output of the Model
263 when VOLTS EXT is selected.
COMMON Source output low is always available at this
terminal regardless of the configuration of the output.
PREAM,P OUT This terminal along with the COMMON
terminal can be used to monitor the voltage drop across
a load when the instrument is sourcing current or charge.
This terminal can also be used as an external guard source
when sourcing AMPS or COUL. PREAMP OUT is inoperative in AMPS V/R, COUL V/R, VOLTS, and OHMS.
CALIBRATION Switch Permanent calibration of the
Model 263 can only be done if the CALIBRATION switch
is in the ENABLED position.
IEEE CONNECTOR This connector is used to connect
the instrument to the IEEE-488 bus. IEEE interface functions are marked above the connector.
LINE VOLTAGE This switch is used to match the instrument to the available line voltage.
LINE FUSE The line fuse provides protection for the AC
power line input. The fuse rating must match the line
voltage setting.
AC RECEPTACLE Power is applied through the supplied power cord to the 3-terminal AC receptacle.
2.4 CALIBRATOR/SOURCE OPERATION
The following paragraphs will take you through a simple,
general, step-by-step procedure to source resistance,
voltage, current or charge. The Model 263 can be used to
calibrate electrometers and picoammeters, or as a precision source to a load. The following procedure uses a fourfunction electrometer (Keithley Model 617) to demonstrate
operation. However, any suitable load or electrometer can
be used instead. Using a four-function electrometer for this
demonstration simplifies the procedure and allows the
user to measure the actual output of the Model 263. If a
suitable electrometer is not available at this time, performing the procedure with an open output will still have
instructional benefit.
2-4
GETTING STARTED
2.4.1 Power Up
Check that the instrument is set to correspond to the
available line voltage. The line voltage switch is located
on the rear panel. If the switch is set to the correct position, connect the instrument to a grounded AC outlet using the supplied power cable and turn on the instrument.
CAUTION
If the switch setting does not correspond to the
available line power, do not change the switch
setting and power up the instrument as the line
fuse will probably blow. Instead, proceed to
pargagraph 3.2 for the complete power up
procedure.
The instrument can be used immediately, however, a one
hour warm up period is required to achieve rated
accuracy.
2.4.2 Test Connections
For the following procedures, simply connect the output
of the Model 263 to the input of the Model 617 Electrometer using the supplied triax cable.
2.4.3 Basic Sourcing Procedure
Configure the Model 617 Electrometer to make unguarded resistance, voltage, current or coulomb rneasuremerits, and select autorange. Perform the following steps
to demonstrate the basic sourcing procedure.
Step 1: Select Function
Press the appropriate FUNCTION button (OHMS,
VOLTS, AMPS, or COUL). The Model 263 will display
the power up default setting of the selected function. For
all functions, except ohms, the display will read zero. On
ohms, the actual value of the 1kR resistor will be displayed.
Step 2: Select Range
In general, RANGE A upranges the instrument and
RANGE v downranges the instrument.
Step 3: Program Output
There are two methods to set the display to the desired
output reading; the Adjust method and the Keypad
method. Try both methods.
Note: OHMS readings cannot be altered since they are
fixed resistors
2-5
GETTING STARTED
:>/:::::;
CONTROL
ADJUST A
Figure 2-3. Data Entry Controls - Adjust Method
Adjust Method:
(Refer to Figure Z-3.)
1. Position Cursor-Each momentary press of a CURSOR
button shows the position of the cursor by briefly
flashing a digit segment on and off. To continuously
display the cursor position, press SHIFT ON/OFF. Position the cursor on the digit to be changed using the
CURSOR 4 and CURSOR b buttons.
2. Adjust Display Reading - Use the ADJUST A button
to increase the reading and ADJUST V to decrease the
reading. Each momentary press of an ADJUST button
increments or decrements the reading by one unit
(value is determined by range and cursor position).
Polarity of the reading can be changed at any time by
pressing the & button.
Keypad Method:
(Refer to Figure Z-4.)
- KEYPAD DISABLED
2. Key In Reading - With the cursor positioned at the most
significant digit, key in the desired number by pressing the appropriate number button (0 through 9). The
rest of the display digits will zero and the cursor will
move to the next less significant digit. Key in as many
numbers as necessary.
Note: If it is desired to cancel the keyed in reading and
return to the reading that was displayed before keypad
was enabled, press SHIFT CANCEL. The keypad will
disable.
3. Enter Reading With the desired reading displayed,
again press KEYPAD/ENTER. The new reading will be
entered and the keypad will disable.
Step 4: Go To Operate
To source the programmed parameter to the electrometer,
press the OPERATE button. The STANDBY indicator light
will turn off and the OPERATE indicator light will turn
on. Note that range changes can be m&ie while in
OPERATE.
1. Enable Keypad - Press the KEYPAD/ENTER button to
enable the keypad. The keypad indicator light will turn
OIL
2-6
GETTING STARTED
- KEYPAD ENABLED
Figure 2-4. Data Entry Controls - Keypad Method
Step 5: Go To Standby first pressing SHIFT and then the AMPS or COUL but-
ton. The yellow V/R will turn on to indicate the selecTo remove the programmed source from the electrometer,
again press the OPERATE button. The instrument will go
to standby as indicated by the STANDBY indicator light.
tion of the passive V/R source.
2. If an external source is connected to the EXT INPUT and
COMMON terminals, that source will be available at
the OUTPUT by pressing SHIFT and then VOLTS. The
yellow EXT indicator turns on and the message “USE1
Operating Notes:
V” is displayed.
1. AMPS V/R or COUL V/R may be selected in step 1 by
Z-712-8
Loading...