Operating Instructions
Powador
XP500/550-HV-TL
n English Version
GM05201m
Operating Instructions
- English Version -
Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
General Instructions for Installers and Operators
1 General Notes ........................................ 4
1.1 About this documentation ....................... 4
1.2 Name plate ..............................................6
1.3 Intended use ............................................ 7
1.4 Safety instructions .................................... 7
2 Service ....................................................8
3 Unit Description .................................... 9
3.1 Technical Data .......................................... 9
3.2 Dimensions ............................................ 11
3.3 Components inside the inverter .............. 13
4 Transportation and Delivery .............. 15
4.1 D elivery .................................................. 15
4.2 Transportation ........................................ 15
5 Storage/Installation/Start-up .............16
5.1 Storage ................................................. 16
5.2 Transporting the unit to the installation
location ................................................. 16
5.3 Selecting the installation location ........... 17
5.4 Electrical connection .............................. 18
5.5 Start-up ................................................. 26
5.6 Operation ..............................................28
5.7 User interface ......................................... 31
5.8 MMI menu structure and details ............. 32
5.9 MMI main menu .................................... 33
6 Faults and Warnings ...........................45
6.1 Warning ................................................. 45
6.2 Fault ....................................................... 46
6.3 Solution for Error code ...........................48
7 Maintenance/Cleaning........................56
7.1 Maintenance intervals ............................ 57
7.2 Cleaning and replacing the fans .............58
8 Parameters ...........................................59
8.1 PV Array parameters .............................. 59
8.2 Inverter parameters ................................ 61
8.3 Grid parameters ..................................... 61
8.4 Time Parameters..................................... 70
8.5 Digital Parameters ................................. 70
8.6 Analog Parameters ................................ 71
8.7 Controller Parameters ............................ 72
9 User interface ......................................88
9.1 External TO AC Power supply ................89
9.2 Digital Input/output ...............................89
9.3 RS485 Interface .................................... 93
9.4 Analog input .......................................... 95
10 Overview circuit Diagram ...................98
11 Decommissioning/Dismantling ..........99
12 Disposal .............................................100
5.10 MMI submenus ...................................... 35
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 3
General Notes
1 General Notes
1.1 About this documentation
WARNING
Improper handling of the inverter can be dangerous
› You must read and understand the operating instructions before you can install and
use the inverter safely.
1.1.1 Other applicable documents
During installation, observe all assembly and installation instructions for components and other parts of the
system. These instructions are delivered together with the respective components and other parts of the
system. Some of the documents which are required to register your photovoltaic system and have it
approved are included with the operating instructions.
1.1.2 Retention of documents
These instructions and other documents must be stored near the system and be available whenever they are
needed.
Page 4 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
General Notes
1.1.3 Description of safety instructions
DANGER
Imminent danger
Failure to observe this warning will lead directly to serious bodily injury or death.
WARNING
Potential danger
Failure to observe this warning may lead to serious bodily injury or death.
CAUTION
Low-risk hazard
Failure to observe this warning will lead to minor or moderate bodily injury.
ATTENTION
Hazard with risk of property damage
Failure to observe this warning will lead to property damage.
NOTE
Useful information and notes.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 5
General Notes
1.1.4 Symbols used in this document
General danger symbol Information
High voltage Risk of burns
1.1.5 Description of actions
Action
" Perform this action
" (Possibly additional actions)
The result of your action(s)
1.1.6 Abbreviations
MMI Man Machine Interface RPC Remote Power Control
PEBB Power Electronics Building Block APS Anti –islanding method
PSI PEBB Signal Interface board ACI
protocol
ASI Analog Signal Interface board PLL Phase Locked Loop
GUI Graphic User Interface XCU XP Control Unit (Inverter control system)
MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking CAN Controller Area Network
MPP Maximum Power Point FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
Vdc PV Voltage DSP Digital Signal Processor
FRT Fault Ride Through ADC Analog to Digital Converter
CEI 0-21 Italia grid code NVSRAM Non-volatile Static RAM
Advanced Communication Interface
(KACO Communication protocol)
1.2 Name plate
The name plate is located on the inside of the left door of the two housing components.
Page 6 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
General Notes
1.3 Intended use
The inverter converts the DC voltage generated by the photovoltaic (PV) modules into AC voltage and feeds this
into the power grid. The inverter is built according to the state of the art and recognized safety rules. Nevertheless, improper use may cause lethal hazards for the operator or third parties, or may result in damage to the
unit and other property. The inverter may be operated only with a permanent connection to the public power
grid.
Any other or additional use is not considered the intended use. Examples of unintended use include:
•Mobile use
•Use in rooms where there is a risk of explosion
•Use in rooms where the humidity is higher than 95%
1.4 Safety instructions
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator are allowed
to open, install and maintain the inverter.
› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
The electrician is responsible for observing all existing standards and regulations.
•Above all, be sure to observe standard IEC 60364-7-712:2002, “Requirements for Special Installations or
Locations – Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Power Supply Systems”.
•Ensure operational safety by providing for proper earthing, conductor dimensioning and appropriate
protection against short circuiting.
•Observe the safety instructions located on the inner sides of the doors.
•Switch off all voltage sources and secure them against being inadvertently switched back on before per-
forming visual inspections and maintenance.
•When taking measurements while the inverter is live:
– Do not touch the electrical connections.
– Remove jewelry from your wrists and fingers.
– Make sure that the testing equipment is in good and safe operating condition.
•Stand on an insulated surface when working on the inverter.
•Generally, the inverter may not be modified.
•Modifications to the surroundings of the inverter must comply with national and local standards.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 7
Service
2 Service
If you need help solving a technical problem with one of our KACO products, please contact our service
hotline. Please have the following information ready so that we can help you quickly and efficiently:
•Inverter type / serial number
•Fault message shown on the display / Description of the fault / Did you notice anything unusual? / What has
already been done to analyse the fault?
•Module type and string circuit
•Date of installation / Start-up report
•Consignment identification / Delivery address / Contact person (with telephone number)
You can find our warranty conditions on our website:
http://kaco-newenergy.de/de/site/service/garantie
From there, you can easily navigate to our international websites by clicking on the appropriate flag. Please
use our website to register your unit within 24 months:
http://kaco-newenergy.de/en/site/service/registrieren
You can also select the appropriate flag on this page to access the website for your own country.
In this manner, you can assist us in providing you with the quickest service possible. In return, you receive two
additional years of warranty coverage for your unit.
Note: The maximum length of the warranty is based on the currently applicable national warranty conditions.
We have prepared a template for complaints. It is located at
http://www.kaco-newenergy.de/en/site/service/kundendienst/index.xml.
Hotlines
Technical troubleshooting Technical consultation
Inverters (*) +49 (0) 7132/3818-660 +49 (0) 7132/3818-670
Data logging and accessories +49 (0) 7132/3818-680 +49 (0) 7132/3818-690
Construction site emergency (*) +49 (0) 7132/3818-630
Customer helpdesk Monday to Friday from 7:30a.m. to 5:30p.m. (CET)
(*) Also on Saturdays from 8:00a.m. to 2:00p.m. (CET)
Page 8 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Unit Description
3 Unit Description
3.1 Technical Data
Model
XP500-HV-TL XP550 -HV-TL
DC Input
PV Max. generator Power 600kW 660kW
MPP range 550V ~ 830V
Operating DC voltage range 550V ~ 1000V
1*
Max. permissible DC voltage
Max. permissible DC current 1091A 120 0A
Number of DC inputs 6
110 0 V
AC Output
Rated power 500kVA 550kVA
Grid voltage 3*370V (±10%)
Rated current 780A 858A
Grid frequency 50Hz / 60Hz
THD of grid current < 3% at rated power
power factor (cos θ) ≥ 0.99 at rated power
0.8 leading … 0.8 lagging (Adjustable)
Power Consumption
Internal consumption in operation < 1% of rated power (< 1650W)
Internal consumption in stand-by < Approx. 110W
External auxiliary supply voltage 208V ~ 240V, 50Hz / 60Hz
Efficiency
Max. efficiency 98.7% 98.7%
Euro efficiency 98.2% 98.2%
Environment
Operating temperature range -20°C ~ +50°C
Storage temperature range -20°C ~ +70°C
Relative humidity 0 ~ 95% (non condensing)
Max. altitude above mean sea level 2000m (as per IEC 62040/3)
Cooling Forced Fan
Audible noise < 70dB
Table 1: Electrical data of the inverter
1*
110 0 Vdc is no-load voltage. And max. operating voltage is 1000Vdc
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 9
Unit Description
Model
XP500-HV-TL XP550 -HV-TL
Protection class IP21
indoor use only according IEC 62109-1:2010
Physical Parameters
Dimensions(H/W/D) in mm 2120 / 2400 / 870
Weight 1656Kg
Power Density 0.113 0W/c m
3
0.1242W /cm
3
Standard
EMC EN61000-6-2, EN61000-6-4, EN61000-3-3, EN61000-3-12
Certificates CE, KTL
Grid monitoring In accordance with BDEW
directive
ENEL 2010
In accordance with BDEW
directive
RD16 63
RD16 63
Features
Display TFT- LCD with Touch screen
Ground fault detection Yes
Heating Yes
Emergency stop Yes
Overvoltage protection device
Yes / Yes
AC / DC
Overvoltage protection for Ethernet Yes
Overvoltage protection device for
Yes
auxiliary supply
Interfaces
Communication 2 × RS485 / Ethernet / USB
Analog input 4 × UAI
Argus box string-monitor RS485
User Digital Input / Output
S0 input / output
4*
3*
Table 1: Electrical data of the inverter
2*
UAI: User Analog Input. 4 inputs are 1×irradiation input, 1×module temperature, 1×ambient temperature,
1×wind speed. (Option)
3*
UDIO: User Digital Input - 1×Start/Stop signal of the inverter. User Digital Output - 1×External fault signal.
4*
So-impulse signal for energy meter.
2*
1 / 1
1 / 1
Page 10 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Unit Description
3.2 Dimensions
Figure 1: Dimension of the inverter [mm]
Figure 2: Dimension of the inverter base Bottom View (Cable Entry) [mm]
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 11
Unit Description
Figure 3: Dimension of the inverter base Bottom View (Anchor Bolt) [mm]
Page 12 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Unit Description
3.3 Components inside the inverter
Left side
19
18
17
1
2
16
3
15
4
5
14
6
13
12
11
7
8
9
10
Figure 4: Components inside the inverter (left side)
Key
1 Ground fault detection (Voltage type) 11 Control power transformer
2 PSIM (Master control for interface) 12 DC connection
3 24V voltage supply
EMC Filter for control power
4 24V voltage supply 14 Overvoltage protection (SP1 - DC side)
5 Control system 15 DC switch
6 Fuse protection for voltage supply
circuit breaker for control power
Overvoltage protection
(SP3 - Control power side, SP4 - Ethernet side)
7 Terminals for user connection 17 DC current transformer
8 Earthing bar 18 PEBB (IGBT block)
9 FRT diode 19 Door sensor
10 FRT transformer
13 DC fuses
16 Heater
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 13
Unit Description
Right side
11
10
9
8
1
2
7
6
5
Figure 5: Components inside the inverter (right side)
Key
1 EMC Filter (Grid side) 7 Circuit breaker for control power,
AC Overvoltage protection (SP2 - AC side)
2 AC switch 8 AC current transformer
3 LC filter (inductor) 9 AC contactor
4 AC(grid) connection to the External trans-
former
5 Earthing bar 11 Door sensor
6 LC filter (capacitor)
10 AC fan
3
4
Page 14 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Transportation and Delivery
4 Transportation and Delivery
4.1 Delivery
The inverters leave our factory in proper electrical and mechanical condition. Special packaging ensures that
they are transported safely. The shipping company is responsible for any damage that occurs during transportation.
4.1.1 Scope of delivery
•Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
•Documentation
Check your delivery
" Inspect the inverter thoroughly.
" Notify the shipping company immediately if you discover any damage to the packaging which indicates
that the inverter may have been damaged or if you discover any visible damage to the inverter.
" Send the damage report to the shipping company right away. It must be received by them within six days
following receipt of the inverter. We will be glad to help you, if necessary.
4.2 Transportation
The inverter should be shipped using the original packaging to ensure that it is transported safely.
Each of the two inverter cabinets is delivered on a pallet.
CAUTION
Impact hazard, risk of breakage to the inverter
The centre of gravity is located in the upper part of the inverter.
› Transport the inverter in an upright position.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 15
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5 Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.1 Storage
When inverters are in storage, the following conditions are required. If not, this may cause failures. The company will not be responsible for the problems if following condition is not observed.
•The unit should be stored indoor in its original packaging when it’s being stored more than 6 months. If its
original packaging is removed, it should be stored indoor in a cool, dry place.
•When the unit is stored outdoor, please keep the remained original packaging and do not leave the unit out-
side more than 3 days.
•Storage temperature: -20°C ~ +70 °C
•Relative humidity: 0% ~ 95% (Non-condensing)
•When inverter is stored under high humidity condition for long term period, it has to be dried out sufficiently
more than 1 day before connecting to the power.
CAUTION
Inverter Storage Caution
Inverters need to be sotred at the correct temperature and correct humidity. If not,
this may cause failures.
5.2 Transporting the unit to the installation location
Once it has arrived at the installation location, the inverter may be transported using the designated eyebolts
only. These are located on the top of the inverter housing.
CAUTION
Impact hazard, risk of breakage to the inverter
The centre of gravity is located in the upper part of the inverter.
› Transport the inverter in an upright position.
Transporting the inverter
" Transport the inverter in an upright position.
" Attach a rope (1) to the two eyebolts on the left.
" Attach a second rope (2) to the eyebolts on the right.
" Attach both ropes to a hook, making sure that the ropes do not cross each other.
" Position the hook at the middle of the unit.
Page 16 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
(1)
Figure 6: Transporting the unit at the installation location
5.3 Selecting the installation location
NOTE
The maximum flow rate of the cooling air is 6940m³ per hour.
Please keep this value in mind when you select the installation location.
(2)
Floor
•Must have adequate load-bearing capacity
•The building material must meet the requirements of building material class B1 (“Flame-resistant Building
Materials”, in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1)
Room
•Should be as dry as possible
•Must be indoors (IP21)
•The installation location must be climate-controlled in order to dissipate the waste heat
•Additional ventilation should be provided, if necessary
•Do not install in a room where there is a risk of explosion
Clearance between walls and ceiling
•Must be accessible for installation and maintenance
•Air circulation may not be blocked
•You do not have to provide for clearance on the sides or to the rear of the unit
•Minimum clearance between unit and ceiling 60cm
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 17
Storage/Installation/Start-up
Figure 7: Ventilation for the inverter [mm]
5.4 Electrical connection
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
› Use extreme caution when working on the unit.
› Disconnect the AC and DC sides.
› Secure them against being inadvertently switched back on.
› Connect the inverter only after the aforementioned steps have been taken.
Page 18 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.4.1 Electrical connection between the inverter cabinets
An electrical connection must be made between the inverter cabinets. This applies to the controller as well as
the bus bars. The bus bars are included with the inverter. They are placed in one of the cabinets.
Connecting the bus bars
" Slide the three bus bars through the upper opening in each of the housings.
" Use the screws that are supplied to screw down the bus bars on both sides (tightening torque: 25Nm).
Connecting the controller
" Pull the cables for the controller from the left cabinet through the lower opening in each of the hous-
ings and into the right cabinet.
" Connect the cables for the controller in the right cabinet. The plug connectors are appropriately marked.
1
2
3
Figure 8: Electrical connection for the cabinets
Key
1 Bus bar connection on the left side 3 Controller connection on the right side
2 Bus bar connection on the right side
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 19
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.4.2 Protective earth connection
Connect the PE bus bars
The PE (protective earth) bus bars are located on the left and right sides of the inverter cabinets.
" Connect the wires for “both” PE bus bars.
Earth the inverter
" Determine the lay-out of the permanent wiring.
" Secure the protective earths (tightening torque for PE terminals: 25Nm). Do not use plug connections.
" Check whether all connected cables are securely attached and protected from mechanical forces.
" Attach the Plexiglas cover.
Figure 9: PE busbar
Page 20 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.4.3 Connecting to the external transformer (AC connection)
The inverter is connected to the power grid using a 3-phase connection. The connection for the power grid is
located in the right side of the housing, at the bottom.
Use the screws that are supplied to screw down the bus bars on both sides.
Connection data
Number of AC Cables (A,B,C) 6
Max. Cable diameter for each phase 300mm2 x 2
Tightening torque for AC terminal connections 43Nm
Cable lug hole size 12mm ~ 14mm
Connect the cables
Each cable corresponds to one phase.
" Guide the cables through the opening. Be sure to connect each of the cables to the correct terminal.
" Screw down the cables.
" Check to make sure that all of the cables are securely attached.
R S T
Figure 10: AC connection
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 21
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.4.4 Connection for the PV generator (DC connection)
The DC connection is located in the left side of the housing, at the bottom.
Connection data
DC input terminal +6, -6
Max. Cable diameter for each fuse 240mm2 x 2
Tightening torque for DC terminal connections 43Nm
Cable lug hole size 12mm ~ 14mm
DANGER
Lethal voltages in the PV system
Lethal voltages are present in the PV system.
› Make absolutely sure that the plus and minus poles are properly insulated.
Connect the cables
Each cable corresponds to a specific pole.
" Connect the cables to the poles. Make sure the polarity is correct.
" Screw down the cables.
" Check to make sure that all of the cables and seals are securely attached.
P PP PP P N N NN N N
Figure 11: DC connection
NOTE
Use only the optional earthing kit to earth the PV generator.
Page 22 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.4.5 Connection for the DC Cable
Figure 12: Bolt & NH Fuse
Item Description
A M12 Bolt Fuse Cover-1
B Flat Washer Fuse Cover-2
C Spring Washer Fuse
D M12 Nut Fuse Base
Table 2: Parameters of operating states
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 23
Storage/Installation/Start-up
Single-cable Dual-cable
1
2 2
1
3 3
4 4
NOTE
Bolt Torque: 43Nm
Page 24 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.4.6 Connecting the external voltage supply
The external voltage supply supplies the MMI, fans, measurement equipment, etc.
Connect the external voltage supply
The connection for the additional power supply is located in the left side of the inverter housing.
" Connect the additional power supply to the terminals marked “TO” using single-phase 230V.
2
1
Figure 13: Connecting the external voltage supply
Key
1 User interface
2 TO (connection for auxiliary power supply) 230VL, 230VN (Max. Cable diameter - 2.5mm2)
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 25
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.5 Start-up
The circuit breakers must be switched on to start up the inverter. The circuit breakers switch on the control circuits.
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
Switch on the circuit breakers or Fuse
Step Check Action
1. Fuse F30, 31, 34, 35
Circuit breakers CB32, 38, 39, 40
2. Circuit breakers MCB20, 21 ON
3. Circuit breakers CB33 or CB37
ON
OFF
OFF
" Proceed to Step 2
" Switch on,
then proceed to Step 2
" Proceed to Step 3
" Switch on,
then proceed to Step 3
" Switch on
" Start up the inverter
NOTE
For NG and PG type Inverter, please do not operate MCB20 arbitrarily.
It may cause failure of the unit.
Page 26 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
2
1, 3
Figure 14: Cabinet (interior view)
Key
1 Fuse F30, 31, 34, 35
Circuit breakers CB32, 38, 39, 40
2 Circuit breakers MCB20, 21
3 Circuit breakers CB33 or CB37
When voltage is present at the inverter, it can be started up. Use the MMI interface screen (located in the left
side of the housing) to start up the inverter.
The inverter begins operation in a specified sequence. For more information, see section 5.2 (“Transporting
the unit to the installation location”)
If a fault occurs, the inverter cannot begin operation. For more information on faults, see section 6 (“Faults
and Warnings”).
Start up the inverter
Display Check Action
Error message on the MMI screen
NO
YES " Reset using “Fault reset"
" Select the ON button
" Select the ON button
NOTE
If the fault cannot be reset using “Fault reset”, please contact our service department.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 27
Storage/Installation/Start-up
Fault History Statistics Setup
79.0kW
45.0°C
75.8kW
701.0 V
ON
Date/Time
Figure 15: MMI screen
5.6 Operation
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
380.0V
OFF
5.6.1 Operating states
The Inverter has seven operating states. The explanations about each state are below.
Disconnected (default) Before operation has commenced the inverter is in the disconnected state. In
this state, the inverter is totally isolated from the PV array and the utility grid.
Connecting to the PV array When the inverter is in the “Disconnected” state, the ‘Inverter On’ button on
the GUI is selected and the PV voltage is kept above 400V for 5 seconds, the
system turns on the PV Array side contactor (PV_MC).
Connecting to Grid When the inverter is in the “Connecting to PV Array” state and the PV volt-
age is kept above the value of “MPPT V Start” parameter during the time set
by “MPPT T start” parameter, the contactor on the grid side is turned on. The
inverter keeps this state for 8 seconds.
Initializing MPP The inverter calculates the MPPT start voltage which is product of measure-
ment of PV voltage and the parameter “MPP Factor”. After 5 seconds, the
inverter system enters into the “MPP start” state.
Table 3: Operating states
Page 28 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
MPP start In this state, the inverter controls the PV voltage. Reference of the PV voltage
is determined by MPPT start voltage which is calculated at “Initializing MPP”
state.
MPPT If the PV voltage approximates the MPP start voltage (value of “MPPT V
Start” parameter), the MPPT will start. The inverter follows the MPP target
value automatically, which is varied by irradiance values. If the MPP target
value is out of the allowable MPPT range ([MPP start voltage - MPP Range
lower] ~ [MPP start voltage + MPP range upper]), the system will return to the
“Initializing MPP” state and will recalculate the MPPT start voltage.
System stop (Disconnected) When the “OFF” button in the GUI is selected, the PV Array side contactor
and the Grid side contactor are turned off and the system stops. If the output
power of inverter is kept below value of “MPPT P stop” parameter during
time of “MPPT T stop” parameter, connection to the grid is terminated.
Fault If a fault occurs during operation, the system stops. The system resets the
fault and tries to remove the fault. In the case that system removes a fault
successfully, system restarts all by itself. The system tries to remove the fault
at intervals of “MPPT Start” parameter since the last try until trial count
reaches to the number set in an “Auto Fault Reset Count” parameter. After
the number reaches to the “Auto Fault Reset Count” parameter, the system
will log an error and the system will not try to restart.
Table 3: Operating states
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 29
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.6.2 Overview of operating states
Figure 16: Overview of operating states
Tag Parameter Default Value
T
Shift
V
pv_start
T
start
V
mpp_min
P
stop
T
stop
Table 4: Parameters of operating states
Page 30 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Time Shift (Grid tab) 0 sec
MPPT V Start (PV Array tab) 600V (above 500kVA: 700V)
MPPT T Start (PV Array tab) HV model: 300 sec, TL model: 900 sec
MPPT V Minimum (PV Array tab) 410V (above 500kVA capacity: 505V)
MPPT P Stop (PV Array tab) 10kW (below 100kVA capacity: 1kW)
MPPT T Stop (PV Array tab) HV model: 30 sec, TL model: 60 sec
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.7 User interface
The MMI has a graphic interface which you use to monitor and control the inverter. The MMI has the following functional features:
•The LCD screen displays the operating states, along with voltages, currents, frequencies, temperatures, out-
put powers, status of errors/warning messages, and events. Pressing the MMI touch screen switches on the
LCD backlight. If the display is not activated within five minutes, the LCD backlight switches automatically off.
•Touch screen for navigating through the menus SD card: the MMI continually records data to the SD card.
When recording once every 10 minutes (around the clock), the maximum amount of data per year is 360KB.
When the SD card is full, the oldest data is overwritten.
•Configuration of country-specific settings (power grid standard, maximum/minimum voltage/frequency)
•Ethernet interface for monitoring and service, network connection for remote use
•RS485 interface for logging and transferring data
•USB interface for connecting external units (e.g. laptop computer)
1
4
3
5
6
2
7
Figure 17: Front of the MMI Figure 18: Rear of the MMI
Key
1 Protective cover 5 Ethernet interface
2 MMI touch screen, LCD 6 RS232 interface (internal interface)
3 USB interface 7 RS485 interface
4 Power connection 8 SD card
8
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 31
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.8 MMI menu structure and details
The MMI menu is structured hierarchically.
•The blue areas (rounded corners) are functions that are activated by pressing a button.
•The green areas (square corners) are windows with additional content, such as submenus, measured values
and buttons. These functions are reserved for authorized electricians.
Main menue
Fault
History
Statistics
Setup
Fault Reset
Calendar
Day
Month
Year
Date/Time
Digital
Analog
Recording
RS485
Language & Country
User configuration
Network
Service
Software Upgrade
Power Meter Clear
Delete All Statistics
Setup RS485 Interface
PV array
Inverter
Grid
Cos-phi
MMI
SD card safe-remove
Figure 19: MMI menu structure
PV Array
Inverter
Grid
Start Inverter
Stop Inverter
Stop speaker
Information
String monitoring
C6x
Blue:
functional screens
Yellow:
special functional buttons
Page 32 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.9 MMI main menu
Fault History Statistics Setup
79.0kW
701.0 V
Circuit breaker
CB10
45.0°C
OFF
ON
Date/Time
Circuit breakers
MC21 + CB20
75.8kW
380.0V
SD card
Speaker
Figure 20: Display when the MMI starts up
5.9.1 Changing the SD card, status display
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after
the inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious
injury or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
Displayed button colors
Colour Meaning
Green Normal operation
Red
Grey Not in use
Fault (not for switches CB10, MC21
and CB20)
Insert the SD card
“No SD in slot” icon
" Open the inverter. The inverter shuts down.
" Slide the SD card into the slot until it locks into place.
" Close the inverter.
" Press the ON button. The inverter starts up.
“SD card in slot” icon
The inverter checks the card. If the SD card was detected, the “SD card in slot” icon appears in
the lower right-hand corner of the display.
" Press the SD card icon.
" Wait until the SAFE icon is displayed.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 33
Storage/Installation/Start-up
SAFE
Remove the SD card
“Data was saved to the SD card” icon
You can remove the SD card. The icon is displayed for one minute.
" Open the inverter.
" Remove the SD card by gently pressing and then releasing it. The SD card will pop out
slightly. You can now remove it.
" Close the inverter and start it up.
NOTE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
5.9.2 Status display for speaker
Audible signal when you press the LCD screen
No signal
5.9.3 Using the main menu
Press button Result / Function
PV Array The measured values for the PV generator are displayed.
Inverter The measured values for the inverter are displayed.
Power grid (AC connection) The measured values for the power grid are displayed.
ON Switches on the inverter.
OFF Switches off the inverter.
Speaker Switches speaker on/off.
Table 5: button function
Page 34 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.10 MMI submenus
5.10.1 PV Array
Return to nex t higher level
String monitoring is activated
PV Array
Power (kW) Voltage ( V) Current (A)
0.0 0.0 0.0
2
) Ambi.Temp. (°C) Wind (m/s)
Cell Temp. (°C)
N/A N/A N/A
Ir r. (W /m
Strings
Isolation R (kΩ)
0.0
N/A
Buttons
Display Meaning
Measured
values
Strings String monitoring is activated
Current measured values for
the PV Array
Figure 21: “PV Array” screen
5.10.2 String monitoring
Changes to the configuration for the current sensors first become effective after five minutes.
Magenta dots:
Actual current
values
12
9.6
7.2
4.8
2.4
0
Yellow bar s:
Average current values,
faulty channel
Strings
5
0
Return to the
previous level
Current
actual values
Only current actual values
are displayed during the
first five minutes after the
function has been acti-
Page :
Average current
values of the
channels
vated.
The actual values for the
last five minutes are
recorded (sampling period:
every 30 seconds)
Average of all
current values
Average of all current
values (channels)
(channels)
20
15
10
25
30
Green bars:
Average current values,
functioning channel
Light blue line:
Average of all channels
Figure 22: “String monitoring” screen
If the average of one channel deviates from the average of all channels by more than the specified range of
tolerance and if this persists for longer than a specified delay period, this channel is assumed to be defective.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 35
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.10.3 Inverter
Display of measured values for the inverter.
Inverter
Heatsink (°C)
Voltages (V)
Currents ( A)
Frequency (Hz)
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.10.4 Power grid
Display of measured values for the power grid.
Grid
Power (kW)
Voltages (V)
Currents ( A)
Frequency (Hz)
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
Figure 23: “Inverter” screen Figure 24: “(Power) Grid” screen
5.10.5 Faults and warnings
Display current faults and warnings.
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fault
Code Fault message
2
3
Arrows
Scroll through several pages
Figure 25: “Fault” screen
Icon Fault type
F (red) Serious fault
W (yellow) Warning
Fault reset
F
W
L3
L3
L3
Symbols for
types of errors
Correct current faults
" Press “Fault reset”.
The control unit is instructed to correct current
faults. After a few seconds have passed, the
fault list is empty.
Page 36 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
5.10.6 History
This screen displays a list with a maximum of 100 faults, warnings and events that most recently occurred in the
inverter.
History
Icon Event type
Date/Time
2
3
Description
E
F
W
L3
E
E (purple) Event
F (red) Serious fault
W (yellow) Warning
Arrows
Scroll through several pages
Symbols for
types of events
Figure 26: “History” screen
5.10.7 Statistics
The statistics function displays the data that was recorded on the SD card as a diagram.
Statistics
Specific date
1. 1. 2010
Day
Month Year
Figure 27: “Statistics” screen
Statistic display
Grid power x x x
Select time period
" Select one of the three combination fields.
Day (daily statistics)
Month (monthly statistics)
Year (annual statistics)
" Select a specific date.
Parameter selection
0
07:00
Day
09:00
Grid power (kW)
11:00
13:00
15:00
Jun 13, 2009
17:00
19:00
PV power x x x
PV voltage x - -
PV current x - -
PV temperature x - -
Insolation x - -
100
80
60
40
20
Line voltage x - -
Figure 28: “Day” screen with daily statistics
Statistics are available as long as the relevant parameters were recorded. Recording is activated for all values by
default. Monthly and annual statistics are recorded over the time period as cumulative values.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 37
Storage/Installation/Start-up
Monthly statistics Annual statistics
Parameter selection
Parameter selection
Yea r
0
2
0
4
600
500
400
300
200
100
Month
0
5
0
10
PV power (kW)
20
15
Jan, 2009
25
Figure 29: “Month” screen with monthly
18000
15000
12000
9000
6000
3000
30
Figure 30: “Year” screen with annual statistic
statistics for the last nine months
5.10.8 Settings
Change settings
" Use this menu to change the settings that influence how the inverter operates.
" Use the buttons in the upper right-hand corner to switch between the two screens.
Grid power (kW)
8
6
2009
10
12
Button for switching
Setup (1/2)
DigitalDate/Time
RS485 User
Language &
Country
Analog Recording
configuration
Network
Setup (2/2)
Service
Software
upgrade
Button for switching
Information
Figure 31: “Setup (1/2)” screen Figure 32: “Setup (2/2)” screen
Page 38 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
Date/Time
NOTE
Set the current date and local time. This setting affects the logging functions
(event log and statistics).
Date/Time
Yea r
Month
1
2
Day
Hour
Minute
0
0
0
0
0
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Figure 33: “Date/Time” screen
Change system time
" This is where you set the current date and local time.
After the values have been changed, it takes up to one minute for the time data that is displayed in the main
menu to be updated.
Recording
Specify which values will be recorded
" Set the recording interval (in minutes).
" On pages 1 and 2 you specify which values
are to be recorded.
You can use this menu item to delete all of the
statistics data on the SD card (if necessary).
1
2
Recording
Intervall (min)
Grid power
PV power
PV voltage
PV current
10
ON
ON
ON
ON
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Figure 34: “Recording” screen
Recording settings
ID Name Unit Factory setting Min. Max.
0 Recording Interval minute 10 10 60
1 Grid Power - ON OFF ON
2 PV Power - ON - ON
Table 6: Recording settings
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 39
Storage/Installation/Start-up
ID Name Unit Factory setting Min. Max.
3 PV Voltage - ON - ON
4 PV Current - ON - ON
5 PV Temperature - ON - ON
6 Irradiation - ON OFF ON
7 Grid Voltage - ON OFF ON
8 Delete All Statistics
-
Table 6: Recording settings
Language and country settings
NOTE
Improper parameters will render the system inoperable.
Make only the country-specific settings for your country.
Language & Country
English
Deutsch Español
ೠҴয Français Italiano
日本語
Figure 35: “Language & Country” screen
DE ES FR
IT KR GR
CZ CY CH
UK JP
N/A - -
Set languages
" Press the appropriate button for your language. This sets the display language for the MMI.
Available languages: English, German, Spanish, Korean, French, Italian, Japanese.
Set country-specific parameters
" Press the button that shows the flag of your country.
The parameters for the country-specific power grids are stored.
Available country: Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Korea, Greece, Czech, Cyprus, China, United Kindom, Japan.
Page 40 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
SAFE
Network
Network
Config
IP
Netmask
Gateway
Web Port
Static
192 .168.10 .11
255.255. 255.0
192 .168.10 .1
82
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Figure 36: “Network” screen
Configure the network for the MMI
" Select static and dynamic IP addresses via DHCP service requests.
" Change the web port used for monitoring the inverter via the web.
" Open the web monitoring service using the MMI`s IP address and web port (e.g. http://192.168.10.11:82).
Software upgrade
If an update is available (for example, when new functions are added), use the SD card to update the inverter
software.
NOTE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 41
Storage/Installation/Start-up
SAFE
Updating the software for the MMI
NOTE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
Update the MMI software
Perform the following steps in the indicated sequence:
" Copy the software image file (*.img) to the SD card.
" Insert the SD card into the MMI.
" Select “Setup” → “Software upgrade”.
" Select “MMI” and press “Start”.
" A dialog box is then displayed.
" Confirm the message to indicate that you understand that this process cannot be undone.
A dialog box for opening files is then displayed.
" Select the image file that you copied earlier.
" Press the “Open” button.
The MMI displays the progress of the upgrade. After a short period of time, the system is restarted.
NOTE
If the image file is faulty, an error message is displayed and normal operation is resumed.
Software upgrade
MMI
C6x
MMI
Start
Search in:
mm i_v 107. img
File name:
File type:
Figure 37: Software upgrade screen Figure 38: Dialog box for opening files
/mnt/sdcard
mm i_v 107. img
*.i mg
Open
Cancel
Page 42 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Storage/Installation/Start-up
SAFE
Software upgrade
MMI
Synchronyzing flash system
and SD-card controller
Start
Software upgrade
MMI
Software upgrade done!
Auto reboot after 5 sec. ...
Figure 39: Upgrade process progress bar Figure 40: Restart dialog box
ATTENTION
Software damage due to an interruption of the synchronisation process
If the synchronising of the flash file system and the content of the SD card is
interrupted (e.g. due to a power failure), the software can be damaged and
the MMI may not be able to restart.
Update the C6x software
NOTE
Do not remove the SD card until the SAFE icon is displayed so that it will be detected by the
MMI when you reinsert it.
Start
Update the C6x software
Perform the following steps in the indicated sequence:
" Make sure that the RS232 cable between the MMI and the control unit is connected.
" Switch off the inverter. To do so, press the OFF button in the main menu.
" Copy the software file (*.hex) to the SD card.
" Insert the SD card into the MMI.
" Select “Setup” → “Software upgrade”.
" Select “C6x” and press “Start”.
A dialog box for opening files is then displayed.
" Select the file that you copied earlier.
" Press the “Open” button.
The MMI transfers the file to the control unit. If the file transfer was successful, the following message will
appear:
“MMI has finished upgrading XCU.”
The control unit has now been successfully upgraded.
An error message indicates that the process was not successfully completed.
" Press the ON button in the main menu to activate system operation.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 43
Storage/Installation/Start-up
Search in:
Computer
root
File name:
File type:
/mnt/sdcard
data
xcu.hex
xpconf
xpdata
xcu.hex
*.hex *.HEX *.Hex
Communication between the MMI and the control
unit (XCU) is interrupted during the upgrade
process and automatically resumes once the
download is complete.
Open
Cancel
Upgrade C6x
Connecting to XCU ...
Figure 41: Dialog box for opening files Figure 42: C6x upgrade screen
Upgrade C6x
PRESS BS KEY TO DOWNLOAD
FLA SH LOCK OK!
SYSTEM STARTUP!
VERIF Y FLASH CHECKSUM OK!
PARAM ETERS CHECKSU M OK!
SYSTEM BOOT SUCCESS!
>>>MMI has finished upgrading XCU.
Figure 43: C6x upgrade screen (complete)
NOTE
Communication between the MMI and the control unit (XCU) is interrupted during the
upgrade process and automatically resumes once the download is complete.
5.10.9 Other menus and details
Some menus can only be accessed by service technicians from KACO new energy Inc., and are therefore not
described in this manual.
Page 44 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and Warnings
6 Faults and Warnings
When a problem occurs in the system, the Inverter will beep and inform the user on the GUI. The Inverter displays two basic error messages. The first, the fault, is a serious problem that causes the inverter to stop running.
The second, a warning, is a minor problem that does not cease the system operation. The GUI will indicate
faults in red and warnings in yellow. The user can find a description of the different fault and warnings in the
following Tables.
6.1 Warning
Message Code Description
SP1(PV SP) Failure 81 Failure of the PV side surge protector(SP1)
CB10(PV Contactor) Failure 82 PV side contactor(CB10) failure
PV Fuse Failure 83 PV side Fuse failure(option)
Ground Fault Warning 84 The insulation resistance of the PV falls short of the limit set in the
ground fault monitoring for Alert1(option)
PV Over Voltage 85 PV voltage exceeds the parameter [DC over voltage Level]
PEBB Over Temp. Warning 100 The temperature of the PEBB(Power Electronics Building Block) over
85°C(185°F)
PEBB Fan Failure 101 Failure of a PEBB(Power Electronics Building Block) fan
PEBB Temperature
Unbalance
SP2(Grid SP) Failure 110 Failure of the grid side surge protector(SP2)
ASYNC Warning 111 The phase synchronous of inverter and grid failure
Test Mode 120 The system is working in test mode
Watchdog 121 Abnormalities detection in the DSP
Invalid Parameter 125 Parameter is invalid value
Reconnection Condition
Warning
Cabinet Over Temp.
Warning
Cabinet Under Temp.
Warning
102 The Difference of each PEBB temperature exceeds the operational
parameter [PEBB Temperature Unbalance Level]
126 The grid voltage or frequency exceeds the reconnection condition
when reconnection to grid during operational parameter [Reconnection Condition Warning Delay] seconds
130 The temperature of the cabinet over the parameter [Cabinet Tempera-
ture Maximum]
131 The temperature of the cabinet falls below the parameter [Cabinet
Temperature Minimum]
SP3(Control Power SP)
Failure
CB32 Open 133 Failure of the top fan or power supply
SMPS Warning 13 4 Failure of the control SMPS(Switching Mode Power Supply)
CAN TX Failure 135 CAN bus communication transmission failure
Table 7: Warning
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 45
132 Failure of the control side surge protector(SP3)
Faults and Warnings
Message Code Description
CAN RX Failure 136 CAN bus communication reception failure
CAN EP Failure 137 CAN bus communication Error-Passive error
CAN Bus-Off 138 CAN bus communication Bus-off error
CAN Wrong Message 139 Reception of Wrong message in CAN bus communication
CAN Time Out 140 Time out in CAN bus communication
CAN Multiple Master 141 There are multiple Masters in CAN bus communication
Table 7: Warning
6.2 Fault
Message Code Description
PV Over Voltage 1 PV voltage exceeds the parameter [DC over voltage Level]
PV Over Current 2 PV current exceeds the parameter [DC over current Level]
CB10(PV CB) Trip 4 PV side circuit breaker(CB10) tripped
PV Polarity Failure 5 Polarity(+, -) of PV side is reversed
Ground Fault 6 PV side ground fault
Inv. Over Voltage 10 Inverter side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level 2]
Inv. Under Voltage 11 Inverter side Voltage under the parameter [Grid Under Voltage Level 2]
Inv. Over Frequency 12
Inv. Under Frequency 13 Inverter side Frequency under the parameter [Grid under Frequency
Inv. Over Current 14 Inverter side Current over the parameter [Inverter OverCurrent Level]
MC21(Inv. MC) Failure 15 Inverter side contactor(MC21) failure
Inv. Phase Order 16 Phase order failure on the inverter side, wrong phase rotation
Inductor or TR Over Temp. 18 Inductor or Transformer temperature over 150°C
Inv. Current Unbalance 19 The unbalanced current of inverter side
Inverter side Frequency over the parameter [Grid over Frequency Level 2]
Level 2]
PEBB(1) IGBT Fault 20 PEBB 1 IGBT failure
PEBB(2) IGBT Fault 21 PEBB 2 IGBT failure
PEBB(3) IGBT Fault 22 PEBB 3 IGBT failure
PEBB Over Temp. Analog 24 The temperature of the heat-sink over the parameter [Heatsink OT
Level] (Analog)
PEBB Over Temp. Digital 25 The temperature of the heat-sink over 100°C(Digital)
Grid Over Voltage 1 30 Grid side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level 1]
Table 8: Fault
Page 46 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and Warnings
Message Code Description
Grid Under Voltage 1 31 Grid side Voltage under the parameter [Grid Under Voltage Level 1]
Grid Over Frequency 1 32 Grid side Frequency over the parameter [Grid Over Frequency Level 1]
Grid Under Frequency 1 33
Grid CB Trip 34 CB20(AC Disconnect/Grid circuit breaker) was tripped during operation
Grid Over Voltage 2 35 Grid side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level 2]
Grid Under Voltage 2 36 Grid side Voltage Under the parameter [Grid Under Voltage Level 2]
Grid Under Frequency 2 37
Grid Over Frequency 2 38 Grid side Frequency Over the parameter [Grid Over Frequency Level 2]
Parameters Version Error 40 Different version between the NVSRAM parameter table and the pro-
Flash Memory Failure 41 C6000 DSP program flash memory failure in XCU(main control) board
FPGA Failure 42 FPGA failure in XCU(main control) board
DSP28x Failure 43 F2000 DSP failure in XCU(main control) board
ADC Failure 44 ADC block failure in XCU(main control) board
NVSRAM Failure 45 NVSRAM Failure in XCU(main control) board or invalid parameter set-
Asynchronous 46 Synchronous fail of Grid and Inverter
CAN Failure 47 CAN bus communication failure
Emergency Stop 50 A door is open
Grid side Frequency under the parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 1]
Grid side Frequency Under the parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 2]
gram parameter table
ting
MasterSlave Fault 52 Master Slave operation Failure
Grid Over Frequency Level3 57 Grid side Frequency over the parameter [Grid Over Frequency Level 3]
Grid Under Frequency
Level3
Grid Over Voltage Slow 59 Grid side Voltage over the parameter [Grid Over Voltage Level Slow]
MMI-XCU Communication
Error
Table 8: Fault
58
63 MMI-XCU communication Error
Grid side Frequency under the parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 3]
(RMS average value per 10 min)
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 47
Faults and Warnings
6.3 Solution for Error code
The Inverter can detect faults during operation. The inverter will display the fault in the GUI. Faults are indicated
in the GUI with an error code, and a plain text message with the error code and system plant name in the text
line will be sent to the system operator (only available if purchased and configured during setup). This section
describes how to recognize the types of faults and how to correct these faults.
Warning
Code Message Warning description Possible problem and Solution(s)
81 SP1(PV SP) Failure Failure of the PV side surge
protector(SP1)
83 PV Fuse Failure PV side Fuse failure(option) Possible problem
100 PEBB Over Temp.
Warning
The temperature of the
PEBB(Power Electronics Building
Block) over 85°C(185°F)
Possible problem
•LightningstrikeonornearthePVsystem
wiring
Solution(s)
•Visualinspection
•ChangetheSPD
•PVsystemwiringshort
•ShortcircuitintheIGBT
Solution(s)
•Checktheinputcurrent
•Checkmodulewiring
•ChangetheFUSE
Possible problem
•PEBBFanFailure
Solution(s)
•CleantheltersorPEBBheat-sinkns
•ChangethePEBBFan
101 PEBB Fan Failure Failure of a PEBB(Power Elec-
tronics Building Block) fan
110 SP2(Grid SP) Failure Failure of the grid side surge
protector(SP2)
120 Test Mode The system is working in test
mode
Table 9: Warning
Page 48 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Possible problem
•PEBBFanFailure
Solution(s)
•ChangethePEBBFan
Possible problem
•Lightningstrikeonornearthegrid
system wiring
Solution(s)
•Visualinspection
•ChangetheSPD
Possible problem
•Thesystemisworkingintestmode
Solution(s)
•ChangetheparametersintheGUI
Faults and Warnings
Code Message Warning description Possible problem and Solution(s)
130 Cabinet Over Temp.
Warning
131 Cabinet Under Temp.
Warning
134 SMPS Warning Failure of the control SMPS Possible problem
135 CAN TX Failure CAN bus communication
136 CAN RX Failure CAN bus communication
137 CAN EP Failure CAN bus communication
138 CAN Bus-Off CAN bus communication
139 CAN Wrong Message Reception of Wrong message in
The temperature of the cabinet
over the parameter [Cabinet
Temperature Maximum]
The temperature of the cabinet
falls below operational parameters [Cabinet Temperature
Minimum]
transmission failure
reception failure
Error-Passive error
Bus-off error
CAN bus communication
Possible problem
•CabinetFanFailure
Solution(s)
•Cleantheairlters
•Changethecabinetfan
Possible problem
•Ambienttemperatureistoolowfor
operation
•FailureofthecontrolSMPS
Solution(s)
•ChangethecontrolSMPS
Possible problem
•CANbuscommunicationFailure
Solution(s)
•ChecktheCANbusConnection
•ChecktheCANbusterminalregisters
140 CAN Time Out Time out in CAN bus communi-
cation
141 CAN Multiple Master There are multiple Masters in
CAN bus communication
Table 9: Warning
Possible problem
•CANIDisduplicated
Solution(s)
•ChangetheparametersintheGUI
Fault
Code Message Warning Description Possible problem and Solution(s)
1 PV Over Voltage PV voltage exceeds the param-
eter [DC over voltage Level]
Table 10: Fault
Possible problem
•Thevoltageofthesolargeneratoristoo
high
Solution(s)
•Checktheinputvoltage
•Checkmodulewiringandsystem
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 49
Faults and Warnings
Code Message Warning Description Possible problem and Solution(s)
2 PV Over Current PV current exceeds the parame-
ter [DC over current Level]
4 CB10(PV CB) Trip PV side circuit breaker(CB10)
tripped
5 PV Polarity Failure Polarity(+, -) of PV side is
reversed
Possible problem
•Thecurrentofthesolargeneratoristoo
high
•PVsystemwiringshort
Solution(s)
•Checktheinputcurrent
•Checkmodulewiringandsystem
Possible problem
•CB10disconnectswitchisopen
•Auxiliaryswitchisinoperable,CB10
contactor failed closed
Solution(s)
•Checkthewiringconnection
•ChangetheCB10,replaceCB10
contactor
Possible problem
•PolarityofPVsideisreversed
Solution(s)
•Checkthewiringconnectionand
change if necessary
6 Ground Fault PV side ground fault Possible problem
•TheGFDIfuseininverterisopened
causing PV side grounding or short-cir
cuit fault (DC side Grounding Type)
•TheunbalanceofmeasuredPVvoltage
in inverter causing PV side grounding
or short-circuit fault (DC side Isolation
Type)
Solution(s)
•Checkthesolargeneratorforaground
ing or short-circuit fault and Replace the
GFDI Fuse (DC side Grounding Type)
•Checkthesolargeneratorforaground
ing or short-circuit fault (DC side
Isolation Type)
10 Inv. Over Voltage Inverter side Voltage over the
parameter [Grid Over Voltage
Level 2]
Possible problem
•Theinvertervoltageistoohigh
Solution(s)
•Checktheinvertervoltage
•Checktheinverterparameter
Table 10: Fault
Page 50 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and Warnings
Code Message Warning Description Possible problem and Solution(s)
11 Inv. Under Voltage Inverter side Voltage under the
parameter [Grid Under Voltage
Level 2]
12 Inv. Over Frequency Inverter side Frequency over the
parameter [Grid over Frequency
Level 2]
13 Inv. Under Frequency Inverter side Frequency under
the parameter [Grid under
Frequency Level 2]
14 Inv. Over Current Inverter side Current over the
parameter [Inverter OverCurrent
Level]
Possible problem
•Theinvertervoltageistoolow
Solution(s)
•Checktheinvertervoltage
•Checktheinverterparameter
•ChecktheMC21
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
Possible problem
•ShortcircuitintheIGBT
•ShortcircuitintheGrid
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridconnection
•Checktheinverterconnection
15 MC21(Inv. MC) Failure Inverter side contactor(MC21)
failure
16 Inv. Phase Order Phase order failure on the
inverter side
18 Inductor or TR Over
Temp
Table 10: Fault
Inductor or Transformer temperature over 150°C
Possible problem
•MC21contactorisopen
•Auxiliaryswitchisinoperable
Solution(s)
•Checkthewiringconnection
•ChangetheMC21
Possible problem
•Phaseorderfailureontheinverter
•Wrongphaserotation
Solution(s)
•Checkthewiringconnection
•Reversetwophases
Possible problem
•Cabinetfanfailure
Solution(s)
•Cleaningthelters
•ChangethecabinetFan
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 51
Faults and Warnings
Code Message Warning Description Possible problem and Solution(s)
20 PEBB(1) IGBT Fault PEBB IGBT U failure
21 PEBB(2) IGBT Fault PEBB IGBT V failure
22 PEBB(3) IGBT Fault PEBB IGBT W failure
24 PEBB Over Temp.
Analog
25 PEBB Over Temp.
Digital
30 Grid Over Voltage
level 1
The temperature of the heatsink over the parameter [Heatsink OT Level] (Analog)
The temperature of the heatsink over 100°C(Digital)
Grid side Voltage over the
parameter [Grid Over Voltage
Level 1]
Possible problem
•ShortcircuitintheIGBT
Solution(s)
•Visualinspection
•ChangethePEBB
Possible problem
•PEBBfanfailure
Solution(s)
•Cleanthelters
•Inspectandifnecessarycleanthe
heat-sink fins
•ChangethePEBBFan
Possible problem
•PEBBFanFailure
Solution(s)
•Inspectandifnecessarycleanthe
heat-sink fins Change the PEBB Fan
Possible problem
•Thegridvoltageistoohigh
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridvoltage
•Checkthegridparameter
31 Grid Under Voltage
level 1
32 Grid Over Frequency
level 1
Table 10: Fault
Grid side Voltage under the
parameter [Grid Under Voltage
Level 1]
Grid side Frequency over the
parameter [Grid Over Frequency
Level 1]
Possible problem
•Thegridvoltageistoolow
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridvoltage
•Checkthegridparameter
•ChecktheMCB24
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
permitted rang
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
•Checkthegridparameter
Page 52 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and Warnings
Code Message Warning Description Possible problem and Solution(s)
33 Grid Under Frequency
level 1
34 Grid CB Trip CB20(AC Disconnect/Grid circuit
35 Grid Over Voltage
Level 2
36 Grid Under Voltage
Level 2
Grid side Frequency under the
parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 1]
breaker) was tripped during
operation
Grid side Voltage over the
parameter [Grid Over Voltage
Level 2]
Grid side Voltage Under the
parameter [Grid Under Voltage
Level 2]
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
operation range
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
•Checkthegridparameter
Possible problem
•Shortcircuitinthegrid
Solution(s)
•Checkthewiringconnections
Possible problem
•Thegridvoltageistoohigh
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridvoltage
•Checkthegridparameter
Possible problem
•Thegridvoltageistoolow
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridvoltage
•Checkthegridparameter
37 Grid Under Frequency
Level 2
38 Grid Over Frequency
Level 2
40 Parameters
Version Error
Table 10: Fault
Grid side Frequency Under the
parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 2]
Grid side Frequency Over the
parameter [Grid Over Frequency
Level 2]
Different version between the
NVSRAM parameter table and
the program parameter table
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
operation range
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
Possible problem
•DifferentversionbetweentheNVSRAM
parameter table and the program
parameter table
Solution(s)
•Initializetheparametermenusettingin
the GUI and reset faulted parameter
•ChangethePCBmodule
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 53
Faults and Warnings
Code Message Warning Description Possible problem and Solution(s)
41 Flash Memory
Failure
42 FPGA Failure FPGA failure in XCU(main
43 DSP28x Failure F2000 DSP failure in XCU(main
44 ADC Failure ADC block failure in XCU(main
45 NVSRAM Failure NVSRAM failure in XCU(main
C6000 DSP program flash
memory failure in XCU(main
control) board
control) board
control) board
control) board
control) board or invalid parameter
Possible problem
•InternalC6000error
Solution(s)
•ChangethePCBmodule
Possible problem
•InternalFPGAerror
Solution(s)
•ChangethePCBmodule
Possible problem
•InternalF2000error
Solution(s)
•ChangethePCBmodule
Possible problem
•InternalAnalogtoDigitalconverter
error
Solution(s)
•ChangethePCBmodule
Possible problem
•InternalNVSRAMerror
•Invalidparameter
Solution(s)
•Initializetheparametermenusettingin
the GUI
•ChangethePCBmodule
47 CAN Failure CAN bus communication failure Possible problem
•CANbuscommunicationFailure
Solution(s)
•ChecktheCANbusConnection
•ChecktheCANbusterminalregisters
50 Emergency Stop The door is open Possible problem
•Frontdoorisopen
•Brokenoroutofalignmentdoorswitch
Solution(s)
•Closethedoor
•Alignorreplacedoorswitch
Table 10: Fault
Page 54 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Faults and Warnings
Code Message Warning Description Possible problem and Solution(s)
52 Master Slave Fault Master Slave operation Failure Possible problem
•WrongCANID
•CANbuscommunicationFailure
Solution(s)
•Checktheparameters
•ChecktheCANbusConnection
•ChecktheCANbusterminalregisters
57 Grid Over Frequency
Level 3
58 Grid Under Frequency
Level 3
63 MMI-XCU Communi-
cation Error
Table 10: Fault
Grid side Frequency over the
parameter [Grid Over Frequency
Level 3]
Grid side Frequency under the
parameter [Grid Under Frequency Level 3]
MMI-XCU communication Error Possible problem
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
permitted range
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
•Checkthegridparameter
Possible problem
•Thegridfrequencyisoutsidethe
operation range
Solution(s)
•Checkthegridfrequency
•Checkthegridparameter
•MMI-XCUCommunicationError
Solution(s)
•CheckMMI-XCUcommunication
connectivity
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 55
Maintenance/Cleaning
7 Maintenance/Cleaning
Maintenance must be performed on the inverter at regular intervals (Table 11 shows the maintenance schedule).
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
› Keep all doors and covers closed when the unit is in operation.
› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off!
Switch off the inverter
" Press the MMI OFF button (Stop the inverter).
" Switch the CB20 to OFF.
" Switch the Power grid switch to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the grid).
" Switch the DC disconnector to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the PV generator).
" Make sure that the inverter is disconnected from all voltage sources.
" Please open the door, switch the CB33 to OFF.
" Wait at least ten minutes before working on the inverter.
Switch on the inverter
" Switch the CB33 to ON.
" Switch the Power grid switch to ON (connect the inverter to the grid).
" Switch the DC disconnector to ON (connect the inverter to the PV generator).
" Switch the CB20 to ON.
" Press the MMI ON button.
Page 56 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Maintenance/Cleaning
7.1 Maintenance intervals
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorized electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
› Do not touch the lines and terminals when switching the unit on and off. Do not touch
exposed contact connections.
› Always shut down the inverter prior to cleaning or maintenance.
NOTE
Even between maintenance intervals, pay attention to any unusual behaviour that the inverter
displays during operation, and fix the problem immediately.
Recommended
Maintenance-inter-
Maintenance work
vals
6 months* Cleaning or replacement Filter mats in the air intake filter
6 months Cleaning Inside of the cabinet
Fans
12 months* Function check Emergency stop (OFF)
12 months Cleaning Power section of the heat sink
12 months Visual inspection Contact connection
Fuses
Switches
Overvoltage protection
Redundant auxiliary power supplies
Check all parts in the cabinet for
– Heavy dust deposits and soiling
– Moisture (especially water that has
permeated from the outside)
Visual inspection
(and replacement, if necessary)
All warning labels
Function check Fans
Door contacts
Operating lights and fault lights
12 months Torque check Input, output, Check the status of the screws
*If heavy soiling is present at the installation location, you may need to shorten the maintenance interval.
Table 11: Maintenance intervals
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 57
Maintenance/Cleaning
7.2 Cleaning and replacing the fans
The inverter is equipped with eight fans. All of them are located at the top of the housing. Six of the fans are
installed in the left side of the housing to provide ventilation for the power electronics building block. The fan
in the right side of the housing is used to ventilate the housing. The fans must be cleaned on a regular basis to
ensure maximum performance. If there are any problems with the fans, repair or replace them.
7.2 .1 Accessing the fans
Switch off the inverter
Clean the fans
" Remove the upper covers from the inverter.
" Clean the fans.
" Attach the upper covers.
Change the fans
" Remove the upper covers from the inverter.
" Disconnect the plug.
" Replace the fan.
" When you install a new fan, pay attention to the air flow direction (arrow on the fan housing).
" Attach the upper covers.
Switch on the inverter
Figure 44: Upper cover on the inverter
Figure 45: Fans used for the power electronics
building block
Page 58 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Figure 46: Plug for the in the right side of the
housing
Parameters
8 Parameters
The KACO XP-HV and XP-TL series parameters are pre-configured for operation. It is a good idea to adapt a
number of the KACO XP series parameters to the solar generator.
The KACO XP-HV and XP-TL series parameters are subdivided into ten:
•
PV Array
Setting values for MPPT control and startup of inverter
• Inverter
Setting values for inverter rate and cabinet temperature
• Grid
Setting values for abnormal and rated levels of grid
• Time
Setting values for the current time
• Digital
Setting values for digital interface
• Analog
Setting values for analog interface
• Controller
Setting values for inverter control
• Trace
Setting values for inverter fault analysis
• Offset
Setting values for sensing offset calibration
• Gain
Setting values for sensing gain calibration
8.1 PV Array Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
MPPT Enable 0 1 - 1: MPPT is enabled
0: MPPT is disabled
MPPT V Maximum 0 830 V
MPPT V Start 200 800 V
MPPT T Start 0 3600 sec Time delay for MPPT wake-up
MPPT P Stop 0 10000 W Disconnect inverter from Grid when PV output
MPPT T Stop 0 600 sec Time delay while inverter decides if PV output
Table 12: PV Array Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 59
dc
dc
Maximum voltage to run MPPT
MPPT wake-up voltage
power is lower than the setting value of {MPPT P
Stop}.
power is lower than the setting value of {MPPT P
Stop}.
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
MPPT V Minimum 200 800 V
dc
Minimum voltage to run MPPT
Exception)
DC Over Voltage
300 1020 V
dc
Upper limit for PV over voltage fault
Level
DC Over Current
0 150 % Upper limit for PV over current fault
Level
MPP Factor 0 1 - Maximum power point factor
MPP Range Upper 10 300 V
MPP Range Lower 10 300 V
PV Operation Level 900 1020 V
dc
dc
dc
Upper limit of maximum power point
Lower limit of maximum power point
Maximum PV operation level
Table 12: PV Array Parameters
8.1.1 Operating DC voltage range
Figure 47: Operating DC voltage range
The range of possible operational input voltage is from [MPPT V Minimum] to [PV Operation Level]. The picture
above shows that the output power decreases linearly where the input power is from [MPPT V Maximum] to
[PV Operation Level].
Page 60 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
8.2 Inverter Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
Transformer & Type 0 8 N/A This parameter determines device specific informa-
tion such as a switch type on DC side and whether
the inverter has an internal transformer.
Inverter Capacity 100 550 kW Power Capacity of the inverter
Inverter Over
Current Level
Current Limit 0 150 % Limit of current which produces from the inverter
Cabinet Temperature Maximum
Cabinet Temperature Minimum
PEBB Temperature
Unbalance Level
Table 13: Inverter Parameters
0 200 % Upper limit for inverter over current fault
30 70 °C Upper limit for cabinet over temperature warning
-25 10 °C Lower limit for cabinet under temperature warning
5 30 °C Limit of Temperature gap between PEBBs
8.3 Grid Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
Rated Grid Voltage 208 400 V Rated value of the grid voltage
Rated Grid Frequency
Grid Over Voltage
Level 1
Grid Under Voltage
Level 1
Grid Over Frequency
Level 1
Grid Under
Frequency Level 1
Frequency Dependant Power Reduction Mode
Table 14: Grid Parameters
50 60 Hz Rated value of the grid frequency
105 130 % Upper limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid overvoltage level 1
75 100 % Lower limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid under voltage Level 1
0 3 Hz Upper limit for grid over frequency level 1
0 3 Hz Lower limit for grid under frequency level 1
0 2 - Power reduction function dependant on frequency
rise
0: Disable
1: Enable
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 61
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
Power Gradient
Mode
Power Gradient
Ramp
Time Shift 0 6000 sec Delay time for inverter start
Gate-way Enable 0 1 - Reserved
Grid Level 2 Protection Enable
Grid Over Voltage
Level 2
Grid Under Voltage
Level 2
0 5 - Power gradient function when inverter start
0: Disable
1: Activated when connected to grid after fault
(Germany Medium Voltage Requirements)
2: Activated according to VDE-AR-N 4105 (Germany Low Voltage Requirements)
3: Activated whenever connected to grid (Italy
TERNA Grid Code)
0 600 sec Ramp time for power gradient
0 1 - Grid level 2 protection function
0: Disable
1: Enable
105 130 % Upper limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid overvoltage level 2
15 100 % Lower limit expressed as a percentage of the rated
grid voltage for grid under voltage Level 2
Grid Under Frequency Level 2
Grid Over Voltage
Level 1 Trip Time
Grid Over Voltage
Level 2 Trip Time
Grid Under Voltage
Level 1 Trip Time
Grid Under Voltage
Level 2 Trip Time
Grid Under Frequency Level 1 Trip
Time
Grid Under Frequency Level 2 Trip
Time
Grid Over Frequency
Level 1 Trip Time
FRT Enable 0 1 - FRT(Fault Ride Through) Function
0 3.5 Hz Lower limit for grid under frequency level 2
100 10000 ms Time for grid over voltage level 1 trip
40 2000 ms Time for grid over voltage level 2 trip
100 10000 ms Time for grid under voltage level 1 trip
40 3000 ms Time for grid under voltage level 2 trip
100 20000 ms Time for grid under frequency level 1 trip
40 3000 ms Time for grid under frequency level 2 trip
40 3000 ms Time for grid over frequency level 1 trip
0: Disable
1: Enable
Table 14: Grid Parameters
Page 62 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
Grid Over Voltage
FRT Enable
Power Reduction
Gradient Level
Power Reduction
Deactivation
Frequency
Grid Over Frequency
Level 2
Grid Over Frequency
Level 2 Trip Time
Reconnection
Condition Mode
Reconnection
Condition Upper
Voltage
0 1 Over Voltage FRT Function
0: Disable
1: Enable
0 10 0 %/Hz Gradient level for frequency dependant power
reduction
0 0.3 Hz Frequency limit for frequency dependant power
reduction deactivation
0 3 Hz Upper limit for grid over frequency level 2
40 2000 ms Time for grid over frequency Level 2 trip
0 2 - Reconnection Condition Function
0: Disable
1: Checked before connected to grid (Germany
Medium Voltage Requirements)
2: Checked according to VDE-AR-N 4105 (Germany
Low Voltage Requirements)
-1 130 % This parameter represents the upper voltage in the
range of “Reconnection condition” as a percentage of the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
Reconnection
Condition Lower
Voltage
Reconnection
Condition Upper
Frequency
Reconnection
Condition Lower
Frequency
Table 14: Grid Parameters
-1 100 % This parameter determines the lower voltage of
-1 3 Hz This parameter determines the upper frequency of
-1 3 Hz This parameter determines the lower frequency of
“Reconnection condition” range as a percentage
of the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
“Reconnection condition” range as an increment
from the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
“Reconnection condition” range as a decrement
from the rated value.
The negative value represents that the relevant
condition is not checked when an inverter decides
“Reconnection condition”.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 63
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
Reconnection
Condition Check
Time Normal
Reconnection
Condition Check
Time After Fault
Grid Over Frequency
Level 3
Grid Over Frequency
Level 3 Trip Time
Grid Over Voltage
Level Slow
Grid Over Voltage
Level Slow Shift
Average Time
0 1800 sec This parameter is used for time check during
“Reconnection condition” for all the time except
after fault.
0 1800 sec This parameter is used for time check during
“Reconnection condition” for after fault only.
0 3 Hz Upper limit for grid over frequency level 3
40 2000 ms Time for grid over frequency Level 3 trip
105 115 % This parameter represents Upper limit for the
average RMS value of grid voltage as a percentage
of the rated grid voltage.
If the average RMS value of grid voltage exceeds
this parameter setting, fault will be occurred.
VDE-AR-N 4105(Germany Low Voltage Requirements)
-1 3000 sec This parameter determines how long the average
RMS value of grid voltage will be calculated.
(Low Voltage Requirements: 600 seconds duration)
Negative value means that the relevant function
(Grid Over Voltage level slow) is disabled.
Reconnection
Condition Warning
Delay
Grid Under Frequency Level 3
Grid Under Frequency Level 3 Trip
Time
Upper Deadband
PPN
Lower Deadband
PPN
Upper Deadband QV10 100 % Active Power Level for activation of Q(V) function
Lower Deadband QV1 20 % Active Power Level for deactivation of Q(V)
QV Voltage 1 10 0 110 % Voltage upper dead band of Q(V) function when
QV Voltage 2 90 100 % Voltage lower dead band of Q(V) function when
0 600 sec Time delay for Reconnection Condition Warning
0 3 Hz Lower limit for grid over frequency level 3
0 60000 ms Time for grid over frequency Level 3 trip
100 110 % Voltage Level for activation of P/Pn function when
selected CEI 0-21 grid code
90 100 % Voltage Level for deactivation of P/Pn function
when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
function when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
selected CEI 0-21 grid code
selected CEI 0-21 grid code
Table 14: Grid Parameters
Page 64 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
QV Voltage 3 10 0 110 % Voltage upper level to calculate ramp of Q(V)
function when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
QV Voltage 4 90 100 % Voltage lower level to calculate ramp of Q(V)
function when selected CEI 0-21 grid code
QV Inductive Max 0 48 % Reactive Power inductive maximum value of Q(V)
function
QV Capacitive Max 0 48 % Reactive Power capacitive maximum value of Q(V)
function
Table 14: Grid Parameters
8.3.1 FRT Enable Off
If the function of FRT(Fault-ride through) is not active, XP series parameters for abnormal grid is as follows.
Grid Under Frequency
Figure 48: Grid under frequency
1. f < f
2. f < f
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 65
–2Hz, t > 10s → Grid Under Frequency Level 1 Fault
rated
–2.5Hz, t > 100ms → Grid Under Frequency Level 2 Fault
rated
Parameters
Grid Over Frequency
Figure 49: Grid over frequency
1. f > f
+0.2Hz, t > 100ms → Grid Over Frequency Fault
rated
2. It disables Grid Over Frequency Level 2 and Grid Over Frequency Level 2.
Grid Under Voltage
Figure 50: Grid under voltage
1. U < 0.9*U
2. U < 0.8*U
Page 66 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
, t > 5s → Grid Under Voltage Level 1 Fault
rated
, t > 100ms → Grid Under Voltage Level 2 Fault
rated
Parameters
Grid Over Voltage
Figure 51: Grid over voltage
1. U > 1.1*U
2. U > 1.2*U
, t > 5s → Grid Over Voltage Level 1 Fault
rated
, t > 100ms → Grid Over Voltage Level 2 Fault
rated
8.3.2 FRT Enable On
The parameter when FRT Enable is on is as follows.
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
FRT Enable 0 1 - FRT(Fault Ride Through) Function
0: Disable
1: Enable
Grid Under Voltage
Level 2
Grid Under Voltage
Level 1 Trip Time
15 100 % Lower limit expressed as a percentage of the
rated grid voltage for grid under voltage Level 2
100 10000 ms Time for grid under voltage level 1 trip
Grid Under Voltage
40 3000 ms Time for grid under voltage level 2 trip
Level 2 Trip Time
MPP Range Upper 10 300 V
MPP Range Lower 10 300 V
dc
dc
Upper limit of maximum power point
Lower limit of maximum power point
Table 15: FRT Enable On
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 67
Parameters
Grid Under Voltage
Figure 52: Grid under voltage
1. U > 1.1*U
2. U > 1.2*U
, t > 2s → Grid Under Voltage Level 1 Fault
rated
, t > 150ms → Grid Under Voltage Level 2 Fault
rated
8.3.3 Frequency Dependant Power Reduction Enable On
Grid Over Frequency
Figure 53: Grid over frequency
Page 68 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Figure 54: Power reduction gradient level
PM: Instantaneously Available Power
∆P: Power Reduction (Power Reduction Gradient Level)
This function controls active power which is proportional to Grid frequency increase. As you can see in the picture, active power need to be restricted if grid frequency is over 50.2Hz. PM (Instantaneously available power)
decreases with 40%/Hz slope and it can be restorable if grid frequency is less than 50.05Hz.
8.3.4 Power Gradient Enable On
Figure 55: PV gradient graph
This function is for PV inverter re-generation. Inverter need to generate active power slowly with specific slope
when its operation stops due to various reasons. In this case, active power supply cannot be over 10% of rated
active power per minute.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 69
Parameters
8.4 Time Parameters
Parameters Min Max Descriptions
Yea r 2000 3000 The present year
Month 1 12 The present month
Day 1 31 The present date
Time 0 23 The present hour
Minute 0 59 The present minute
Second 0 59 The present second
Table 16: Time Parameters
8.5 Digital Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
DI1 Select 0 20 N/A DI1(Digital Input) selection
0: Disable DI1
1: Reserved
2: Reserved
3: Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
(Recognition pattern: 1sec – Stop, 2sec – Start)
4: Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
(Recognition pattern: 200msec – Stop, 400msec
– Start)
5: Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
(Inverter turn off when DI1 signal over {DI1 Check
Period} msec)
DO1 Select 0 20 N/A DO1(Digital output) selection
0: Fault state is output to DO1
RPC Mode Select 0 2 N/A The COSPHI control function of the XP-Series
Inverter operates when this parameter is 2.
0: Disable
2: Enable
Power Meter 0 99999999 kWh PV generation amount check
RS485 Protocol 0 999 - RS485 communications’ protocol
0: ACI protocol
1: Communication with prolog
2: Communication with PVI-go
RS485 ID 0 999 - ID for RS485 communication
CAN ID 0 999 - ID for CAN communication
Table 17: Digital Parameters
Page 70 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Descriptions
Argus Box 1
Address
Argus Box 2
Address
Argus Box 3
Address
Argus Box 4
Address
Argus Box 5
Address
Argus Box 6
Address
Argus Box 7
Address
Argus Box 8
Address
Prolog Positive
Sequence Enable
Prolog Expanded
Total Yield
0 99999 - Argus Box 1 address and type setup
0 99999 - Argus Box 2 address and type setup
0 99999 - Argus Box 3 address and type setup
0 99999 - Argus Box 4 address and type setup
0 99999 - Argus Box 5 address and type setup
0 99999 - Argus Box 6 address and type setup
0 99999 - Argus Box 7 address and type setup
0 99999 - Argus Box 8 address and type setup
0 1 - Provide positive sequence for grid voltage as
prolog
0 1 - Provide expanded total yield to Prolog
DI1 Check Period 200 5000 msec Required time for inverter turn off when selecting
{DI1 Select} parameter to ‘5’
Table 17: Digital Parameters
8.6 Analog Parameters
Parameters Min Max Descriptions
AI1 OffSet -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 1 offset
AI1 Gain -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 1 gain
AI2 OffSet -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 2 offset
AI2 Gain -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 2 gain
AI3 OffSet -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 3 offset
AI3 Gain -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 3 gain
AI4 OffSet -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 4 offset
AI4 Gain -300 300 AI (Analog Input) 4 gain
Table 18: Analog Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 71
Parameters
8.7 Controller Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Parameters
VC P Gain 0 999.99 N/A PV voltage controller’s P Gain
VC I Gain 0 999.99 N/A PV voltage controller’s I Gain
Voltage Detection
LPF
CC P Gain 0 999.99 N/A Inverter output current controller’s P Gain
CC I Gain 0 999.99 N/A Inverter output current controller’s I Gain
CC di/dt 1 9999 p.u. Slope of inverter rated current generation
Ramp 0 99999 msec Slope of PV voltage generation(time for 100V
Li 0 99999 uH Inductance value of inverter output LC filter
Vdc Reference 0 999.9 Vdc DC voltage reference when it is not in MPPT range
CC Period 100 400 usec Inverter switching frequency
PLL P Gain 0 999.99 N/A Grid voltage PLL’s P Gain
PLL I Gain 0 999.99 N/A Grid voltage PLL’s I Gain
Auto Fault Reset
Count
Heatsink OT Level 50 150 °C The maximum value of PEBB temperature
Power Compensation
0 9999 Hz Grid Voltage and Inverter voltage filter of dq axis
change)
0 20 times The maximum count of auto reset function
0 1 - Power compensation for MPPT control
Test mode 0 99999 N/A The value for function test mode
Options 0 99999 N /A Outside option board setup
Deviation Tolerance
Time
Reactive Power -30 30 % The control value for reactive power degree of
Variable MPP Vmin
Enb
T_CLOUD 0 3600 sec Time for declines of PV generation due to cloud
T_CLOUD_CNT 0 20 times Count for declines of PV generation due to cloud
Remote Power
Control
PEBB2 Temperature 0
PEBB3 Temperature 0 150 °C PEBB3 temperature(Read only)
Current Unbalance
Limit
Table 19: Controller Parameters
1 25 20msec Level 1 trip time use when level 2 protection
disable
accuracy
0 1 - The setup value for inverter operation rage
maximization
0 10 0 % Inverter active power which can be controlled
from outside device
150 °C PEBB2 temperature(Read only)
0 10 0 % Unbalanced current level
Page 72 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Parameters
Cabinet FAN PWM 0 100 - Reserved
Remote Power
Control Ramp
Total Yield 0 99999999 kWh Check total yield of generation(Read only)
Today Yield 0 99999999 kWh Check day yield of generation(Read only)
IIVCD P Gain 0 999.99 - Inverter output voltage controller’s D-axis P gain
IIVCD I Gain 0 999.99 - Inverter output voltage controller’s D-axis I gain
IIVCQ P Gain 0 999.99 - Inverter output voltage controller’s Q-axis P gain
IIVCQ I Gain 0 999.99 - Inverter output voltage controller’s Q-axis I gain
Anti-Islanding
Enable
APS Line Deadband 0 999.99 - The setup value for anti-islanding control
Reactive Power
Limit
Wind Speed 0 9999.9 - Reserved
0 600 sec The slope of inverter output active poser when
remote power is controlled
for Initial operation voltage
for initial operation voltage
for initial operation voltage
for Initial operation voltage
0 1 - The use of anti-islanding controller, Yes(1) NO(0)
0 999.99 - The setup value for anti-islanding control
Power Derating
Enable
Power Derating
Enable Temperature
Power Derating
Disable Temperature
Power Derating
Reference Temperature
Power Derating P
Gain
Grid IIR Filter Cutoff
Frequency
Asynchronous Fault
Count
Asynchronous Fault
Enable
Grid Positive
Sequence
0 1 - The use of power decline controller according to
PEBB temperature, Yes(1) NO(0)
50 10 0 - Temperature level which starts decreasing power
according to PEBB temperature
40 90 - Temperature level which stops decreasing power
according to PEBB temperature
45 95 - PEBB temperature reference value
0 10 - Power declining controller’s P gain according to
PEBB temperature
0 10 Hz Filter cutoff frequency used for RMS value detec-
tion of grid voltage
0 10 0 - Reserved
0 1 - Reserved
0 999.9 V
Positive sequence value of grid
Table 19: Controller Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 73
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Parameters
COSPHI Control
Mode
COSPHI Power
Factor Internal
COSPHI Reactive
Power Internal
COSPHI Power
Factor Actual
COSPHI Power
Factor RPC
COSPHI Reactive
Power RPC
COSPHI Stray Ratio 0 2 The setup value for COSPHI control.
0 5 - Reactive power supply method in Internal mode
and RPC mode
0: disabled
1: fixed P
2: fixed cosφ
3: fixed Q
4: Cosφ(P/Pn)
5: Q(U)
-1 1 - Power factor reference in internal mode
-99.9 99.9 % Reactive power reference in internal mode(Percent
for rated one)
-1 1 - The actual power factor value that is applied(Read
only)
-1 1 - Power factor reference in RPC mode
-99.9 99.9 % Reactive power reference in RPC mode(percent for
rated one)
Positive Sequence
PLL Enable
FRT K Factor 0 10 - The setup constant during FRT control
FRT IQ Ramp 0 99999 msec The slope of active power supply during FRT
FRT IQ Ramp Time 0 99999 msec The time that use a slope changed by FRT IQ ramp
Positive Sequence
LPF
PLL Freq LPF 0 100 Hz The cutoff frequency for frequency value detec-
Q(V) Control Target
Voltage
Q(V) Control K
Factor
Q(V) Control
Deadband
Q(V) Control Ramp
Time
0 1 - The use of grid voltage of positive sequence at PLL
control
parameter
0 10 0 Hz The cutoff frequency for RMS value of positive
sequence
tion of PLL
208 440 V Value of Q(V) Control Target Voltage
0 50 - A setup constant for voltage control of BDEW
0 10 0 % Non-applicable voltage range during voltage
control of BDEW
0 99999 sec The slope of reactive current increase during
voltage control of BDEW
Table 19: Controller Parameters
Page 74 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Parameters
FRT Asynchronous
Level
COSPHI (P/Pn) Ramp
Time
COSPHI_1 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
P1 0 10 0 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_1
COSPHI_2 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
P2 0 100 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_2
COSPHI_3 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
P3 0 100 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_3
COSPHI_4 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
P4 0 100 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_4
0 10 0 V The voltage level in order to separate Asynchro-
nous and synchronous. Inverter will recognize as
Asynchronous if the difference between inverter
sensing output voltage and RMS value of positive
value is less then this parameter level
0 99999 sec The slope setup value for PF’s answering time in
Cosφ(P/Pn)
active power P_1
active power P_2
active power P_3
active power P_4
COSPHI_5 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_5
P5 0 100 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_5
COSPHI_6 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_6
P6 0 10 0 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_6
COSPHI_7 -1 1 - The variable power factor Reference according to
active power P_7
P7 0 100 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_7
COSPHI_8 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_8
P8 0 100 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_8
COSPHI_9 -1 1 - The variable power factor reference according to
active power P_9
P9 0 100 % The active power setup conference for COSPHI_9
COSPHI_10 -1 1 - The variable power factor Reference according to
active power P_10
P10 0 10 0 %
The active power setup conference for COSPHI_10
Table 19: Controller Parameters
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 75
Parameters
Parameters Min Max Unit Parameters
IINV Voltage Build
Up Time
IINV PLL Stabilization Time
IINV PLL P Gain 0 999.99 - Grid voltage PLL’s P Gain used for “Initial voltage
IINV PLL I Gain 0 999.99 - Grid voltage PLL’s I Gain used for “Initial voltage
IINV Synchronization Tolerance
FRT Overcurrent
Protection Time
Table 19: Controller Parameters
0 9999 msec The sync of phase between inverter and grid
voltage will be checked after this time, since
“Initial voltage buildup” started(XP-TL does not
apply)
0 9999 msec The phase between inverter and grid voltage
checked and for this time(XP-TL does not apply)
buildup”(XP-TL does not apply)
buildup”(XP-TL does not apply)
1 20 degree This determines a tolerance limit when synchronize
the inverter and the grid voltage in „Initial voltage
buildup” state(XP-TL does not apply)
0 5000 msec The power generation is stopped for this param-
eter value after fault clear in FRT situation
8.7.1 Anti-Islanding Enable
With activation of Anti-Islanding function, XP-HV and XP-TL series will detect and disconnect itself from the
grid within a few second. If the Anti-Islanding function is not activated, XP-HV and XP-TL cannot disconnect
itself from the grid during grid failure, and generate power to load independently. For example, when inverter
infuse 500kW power to gird with 500kW load connected to PCC (Point of Common Coupling), inverter can
generate output voltage independently during grid failure, and operate itself with bearing 500kW load.
8.7.2 Power Derating
Figure 56: Block Diagram of Power Derating
Page 76 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Figure 57: Decreasing rate
Figure 58: State Machine
Power derating is enabled or disabled by an output of state machine which is decided by 4 inputs. And while
the output of state machine is 1, a decreasing rate affects an output power.
A decreasing rate is calculated by multiplying factor K({Power Derating P Gain}) and a difference between reference temperature({Power Derating Reference Temperature}) and PEBB heatsink temperature}.
An output of state machine depends on the state in which state machine is running. A transfer between states
happens when defined conditions are satisfied. Basically, if {Power Derating Enable} is 0, the state is “Disable”.
And If {Power Derating Enable} is 1, transfer is done according to PEBB heatsink temperature.
Following examples show power derating by default parameter.
Descriptions for sections of Example of Power Derating are:
T1: Inverter produces energy and PEBB temperature rises.
T2: When PEBB temperature is higher than 90°C, power derating is activated. And inverter controls output
power according to expression, P(%) =
100-(T
-80)x2 until power derating is deactivated.
PEBB
T3: Output power decrease and PEBB temperature drops. When PEBB temperature is lower than 70°C, power
derating is deactivated. And inverter doesn’t decrease output power.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 77
Parameters
8.7.3 Example of Power Derating
Figure 59: Concept of XP series Power Derating
Page 78 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
8.7.4 Conceptual Relation between Output Power and Temperature
Below graph represents conceptual relation between inverter output power and heat sink temperature. The
output power is reduced in proportion to heat sink temperature but keep in mind that the power derating is
activated at 90°C and deactivated at 70°C (The activation/deactivation temperature can be tunable by parameter).
Figure 60: Relation between output power and temperature
8.7.5 COSPHI Control
COSPHI Control function is for controlling active and reactive power which is infused from XP inverter to the
grid with Prolog, MMI, and XCU at long distance.
Figure 61: COSPHI Control composition
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 79
Parameters
8.7.6 COSPHI Control Mode
COSPHI control operates with five reactive and active power control ways according to {COSPHI Control Mode}
setting.
No. Power control Description Relative Parameters
1 Fixed P Control the maximum active power with {Remote
Power Control} parameter value (% of max rated
power).
2 Fixed COSPHI Control the maximum active power with {Remote
Power Control} parameter value (% of max rated
power). Control power factor with parameter value of
{COSPHI Internal Power Factor} or {COSPHI RPC Power
Factor} according to present RPC status.
3 Fixed Q Control the maximum active power with {Remote
Power Control} parameter value (% of max rated
power). Control reactive power with parameter value
of {COSPHI Internal Reactive Power} or {COSPHI RPC
Reactive Power} according to the present RPC status.
4 COSPHI (P/Pn) Control power factor to match the graph of maximum
10 continuous {COSPHI_n} and {P_n} pairs.
5 Q(V) Control reactive power infusion from inverter to grid
when grid voltage is between rated range. The grid
voltage range where Q(V) function is possible is
determined by {Q(V) Control Deadband} and {Q(V)
Control K Factor}.
{Remote Power Control}
{Remote Power Control}
{COSPHI Internal Power
Factor}
{COSPHI RPC Power Factor}
{Remote Power Control}
{COSPHI Internal Reactive
Power}
{COSPHI RPC Reactive
Power}
{COSPHI_n}, {P_n}
(n = 1~10)
{COSPHI(P/Pn) {Ramp Time}
{{Q(V) Control Deadband}
{Q(V) Control K Factor}
{Q(V) Control Ramp Time}
Table 20: COSPHI Control Mode
8.7.7 Communication between Components
COSPHI Control enables remote control of reactive and active power by setting reference of reactive and active
power by communication between Prolog, MMI, and XCU. Here are the communication methods between
each component.
1. User activates COSPHI Control by Prolog.
2. Prolog sends a COSPHI Control massage at two-minute intervals.
3. MMI interprets the COSPHI Control message from Prolog to modify parameters of XCU.
4. XCU operates according to the modified parameter by MMI.
5. COSPHI (limited to Fixed COSPHI and Fixed Q) has two overlapping parameters for RPC and Internal modes,
and MMI modifies the parameter for RPC mode only. If the relative RPC mode parameter is not modified
longer than five minutes, XCU will operate according to the parameter for internal mode.
Page 80 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Figure 62: The communication Sequence between COSPHI Components
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 81
Parameters
8.7.8 Operation Mode
COSPHI Control operates in RPC (Remote Power Control) and internal modes according to communication
status to control power with Fixed COSPHI and Fixed Q.
Figure 63: Transition of RPC mode and Internal Mode
1. RPC mode
While MMI is modifying XCU’s {Remote Power Control}, {COSPHI RPC Reactive Power} and {COSPHI RPC
Power Factor} parameters with two-minute interval, COSPHI Control operates in RPC mode. In RPC mode,
it operates according to {Remote Power Control}, {COSPHI RPC Reactive Power}, and {COSPHI RPC Power
Factor} modes.
2. Internal mode
If RPC mode parameter such as {Remote Power Control}, {COSPHI RPC Reactive Power}, and {COSPHI RPC
Power Factor} is not be modified within five minutes, XCU will operate in Internal mode. In Internal mode,
COSPHI control operates according to internal mode parameters such as {COSPHI Internal Reactive Power}
and {COSPHI Internal Power Factor}, {Remote Power Control} parameter does not influence on the active
power.
Figure 64: PQ Diagram of XP500-HV-TL
Page 82 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Output power limit is based on apparent power which is 111% of the rated power. In other words, where the
apparent power is over the rated power, active/reactive power is reduced at same rate respectively so that the
final output power does not exceed 111% of the rated power.
PQ diagram above shows that the reactive power is from 0 to 242kVAR according to the power factor which is
from 1 to 0.9, the active power is up to 500kW and active/reactive power is not limited because the final output
apparent power is not over 555kVA(111% of the rated power). And because the apparent power is over 555kVA
where power factor is less than 0.9 the active/reactive power is reduced.
Figure 65: PQ Diagram of XP550-HV-TL
Output power limit is based on apparent power which is 101% of the rated power. In other words, where the
apparent power is over the rated power caused by reducing power factor, active/reactive power is reduced at
same rate respectively so that the final output power does not exceed 101% of the rated power.
When changing the power factor from 1 to 0.9, the active power is down to 500kW and the reactive power
will be up from 0 to 242kVAR since the final output apparent power should be remained at 555kVA (101% of
rated power). In case of power factor is 1.0, the output power is 550kW (550kVA).
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 83
Parameters
8.7.9 The Relationship of Reactive Power and Active Power
While active and reactive power is set to exceed maximum complex power (1.11P
COSPHI Control reduces active power, and control reactive power by parameter setting.
) by parameter setting,
Rated
8.7.10 Cosφ (P/Pn)
The Cosφ (P/Pn) function allows inverter to send changeable PF (power factor) according to the active power to
grid. The maximum setup point of both PF and active power is 10 points and the maximum required value of
PF for Cosφ (P/Pn) is 0.9 in German market. XP-HV and XP-TL series can also operate with maximum PF, which
is 0.9, and its transient time is 10sec.
Figure 66: Active Power - Power Factor Graph
8.7.11 FRT Control
Figure 67: Control Grid Voltage during Inverter Failure (FRT K Factor=2)
Page 84 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
Figure 68: 0% Drop of Grid Voltage 0%
Figure 69: Grid Voltage 60% Drop
The above graphs show the change of electrical values during FRT (Fault Ride Through) control, and the detailed
description for each section is as follows.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 85
Parameters
Section 1
• If Grid Voltage drops below standard FRT value (0.9
FRT.
• The occurrence of Over Current is decided by the slope and depth, and if when over current occurs, inverter
will stop PWM Modulation for one cycle.
• Inverter will infuse the reactive power to grid according to parameter setting.
• Since the reactive power value is proportional to the parameter setting value, you can infuse reactive power
to grid as much as possible.
Section 2
• Infuse active power and reactive power to grid according to parameter setting.
Section 3
• The occurrence of Over Current is decided by the slope and depth, and if when over current occurs, inverter
will stop PWM Modulation for one cycle.
• Infuse active power and reactive power to grid according to parameter setting.
) set by parameter, inverter will convert its mode to
P.U
Section 4
• If Grid voltage rises above standard FRT value (0.9
) set by parameter, inverter will convert its mode to
P.U
normal and stop reactive current infusion.
The operation for FRT (Fault Ride Through) control is possible to set by parameter as follows.
• Grid Under Voltage Levels
- Grid Under Voltage Level 1 – Transfer to FRT mode.
- Grid Under Voltage Level 2 – Inverter stops its operation with ‘Grid Under Voltage Level 2 Fault’ when the
grid voltage below ‘Grid Under Voltage Level 2’ sustains over “Grid Under Voltage Trip Time 2”.
- Grid Under Voltage Trip Time 1 – Permissible grid voltage under ‘Grid under Voltage Level 1’ time.
- Grid Under Voltage Trip Time 2 – Permissible grid voltage under ‘Grid Under Voltage Level 2’ time.
Figure 70: FRT Parameters
Page 86 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Parameters
8.7.12 Q(V) Control
Figure 71: Grid Voltage Control during Q(V) Control Enable
As you can see in the above picture, this Q(V) Control function is for the reactive power infusion even if grid is
in normal range (90 ~ 110%). Dead band rage is U
Target
±1%.
Here, you can calculate slope K Factor for Q(U) Control using an equation ΔQ/ΔU=K Factor, and the variables
which are ΔQ=cos(Phi)=0.95, Phi=18.2° and sin(Phi)=0.31. ΔU is the voltage difference between the measured
voltage and the specified parameter target voltage as a p.u. Therefore, you can decide slope k factor. For
example, if you want to infuse ΔQ at U
±5% range and U
Target
Target=UN
, the K value would be calculated as
0.31/0.05=6.2. The rage of ΔU is calculated from the end of the dead band.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 87
User interface
9 User interface
2
3, 4
5
6
7
1
8
9
Figure 72: Connecting the user interface
Key
1 User interface 6 RS485
2 TO (connection for external power supply) 7 UAI (User analog input)
3 L: 230V L 8 Ethernet
4 N: 230V N 9 CAN
5 UDIO (User digital input/output)
Page 88 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.1 External TO AC power supply
1b
2b
AC
230 V L
~
230 V N
1b
2b
TO
1a
2a
Figure 73: TO AC connection Figure 74: Circuit diagram for TO AC connection
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
1b TO L 230V L
2b TO N 230V N
Table 21: Connections for TO AC auxiliary supply
AWG 14
(2.08mm
2
)
9.2 Digital input/output
9.2.1 Digital input
UDIO
1d
2d 2c
3d
4d
5d
3d
4d
5d
1d
2d
1c
2c
3c
4c
5c
Figure 75: UDIO connection Figure 76: UDI1 connection
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
1c UDI1 P
Max 27Vdc, 27mA
1d UDI1 N
Table 22: Connections for digital input
AWG 20
(0.518mm
1c
3c
4c
5c
2
)
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 89
User interface
The system sends digital input signal in accordance with the setting of “DI1 Select” parameter in menu of MMI
or parameter setup tool (CMT, AutoSetup).
DI1 Select Description Note
0 Disable DI1
1 Reserved
2 Reserved
3 Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
Recognition pattern:
Stop: ∆t = 1sec
Start: ∆t = 2sec
4 Start/Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
Recognition pattern:
Stop: ∆t = 200msec
Start: ∆t = 400msec
5 Stop operation of the inverter by DI1
Recognition pattern:
{DI1 Check Period} msec – Stop operation
Recognition pattern is checked whenever DI1 input signal is at rising edge(T
0
then it is determined according to how
long the DI1 input signal has been
stayed in high state.
)
Figure 77: DI1 input signal
NOTE
The {DI1 Check Period} is parameter in ‘8.5 Digital Parameters’ that mean recognition pattern
period for inverter stop operation when selecting ‘DI1 Select’ to ‘5’.
Page 90 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.2.2 S0 input
24Vdc
4.7 kΩ
Input signal
0Vdc
Figure 78: Connection for S0 input
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
1d
2d
3d
4d
5d
UDIO
1c
2c
3c
4c
5c
2c S0in P
2d S0
Table 23: Connections for S0 input
9.2.3 S0 output
24Vdc
4.7 k Ω
Output signal
0Vdc
Figure 79: Connection for S0 output
1d
2d
3d
4d
5d
UDIO
N
Max 27Vdc, 27mA
in
1c
2c
3c
4c
5c
AWG 20
(0.518mm
2
)
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
3c S0
3d S0
Table 24: Connections for S0 output
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 91
out
out
P
N
Max 27Vdc, 27mA
AWG 20
(0.518mm
2
)
User interface
9.2.4 Digital output
UDIO
1d
2d
3d
4d
5d
1c
2c
3c
4c
5c
Figure 80: Connection for digital output
(N/O contact)
Figure 81: Connection for digital output
(N/C contact)
1d
2d
3d
4d
5d
UDIO
1c
2c
3c
4c
5c
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross-section
4c UDO1A Potential-free output
contact A
4d UDO1B Potential-free output
contact B
5c U DIO1C Potential-free, common
output contact
5d UDIO1D -
Table 25: Connections for digital user output
AWG 20
(0.518mm
2
)
Page 92 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.3 RS485 interface
The inverter has two RS485 connections.
RS4 85 -1 Interface for the Powador Argus
Interface for optional Powador-go
RS485 -2 Interface for the MMI’s internal data logger, or for the external Powador proLOG data logger
9.3.1 RS485-1 Interface
Signal transceiver
A
1d
2d
3d
4d
1c
2c
3c
4c
B
GND
PE
5d
6d
7d
8d
5c
6c
7c
8c
1d
2d
3d
4d
PE
5d
6d
8d
RS485
1c
2c
3c
4c
PE
5c
6c
7d
7c
8c
Figure 82: RS485-1 connection Figure 83: Circuit diagram for RS485-1
connection
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
1c RS 4 85 A1 RS485 signal A1
1d RS485 B1 RS485 signal B1
3c RS4 85 C1 Termination resistor
terminal
AWG 20
(0.518mm
2
)
3d RS48 5 G1 RS485 data transmission
GND 1
" For termination disposal, you can use RS485 B1(1d) and RS485 C1(3c) with jumper because termination
resistor is already installed inside of XCU of XP500/550-HV-TL.
Table 26: Connections for RS485-1
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 93
User interface
9.3.2 RS485-2 Interface
RS485
1d
1d
2d
3d
4d
5d
6d
7d
8d
1c
2c
3c
4c
PE
5c
6c
7c
8c
Signal transceiver
A
B
GND
2d
3d
4d
PE
5d
6d
7d
8d
Figure 84: RS485-2 connection Figure 85: Circuit diagram for RS485-2
connection
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
1c
2c
3c
4c
PE
5c
6c
7c
8c
5c RS485 A2 RS485 signal A2
5d RS485 B2 RS485 signal B2
7c RS485 C2 Termination resistor
terminal
AWG 20
(0.518mm
7d RS485 G2 RS485 data transmission
GND 2
" For termination disposal, you can use RS485 B2(5d) and RS485 C2(7c) with jumper because termina-
tion resistor is already installed inside of XCU of XP500/550-HV-TL.
Table 27: Connections for RS485-2
9.3.3 Settings for RS485 interfaces
ID Name Unit Default value Min. Max.
2
)
0 Activate Powador-proLOG - OFF OFF ON
1 MMI address - 0 0 31
2 Change Powador-go address - - - -
3 Activate Powador-go - OFF OFF ON
4 Diff. tolerance % 10 10 10 0
5 Fault trigger time minutes 120 10 240
6 Address 0 string number - 0 0 4
Table 28: RS485 interface settings
Page 94 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
ID Name Unit Default value Min. Max.
7 Address 1 string number - 0 0 4
8 Address 2 string number - 0 0 4
.. .. - 0 0 4
.. .. - 0 0 4
36 Address 30 string number - 0 0 4
37 Address 31 string number - 0 0 4
Table 28: RS485 interface settings
9.4 Analog input
The inverter has four analogue connections.
1c, 1d, 2c, 2d Solar sensor
3c, 3d Ambient temperature sensor
4c, 4d Wind speed sensor
Input range 0 to 10V
1c
1d
2c
2d
3c
input
1d
2d
3d
4d
1c
2c
3c
4c
3d
Analogue
4c
4d
Figure 86: Analogue user input Figure 87: Connection diagram of the analogue
Interface
Solar
sensor
Temperature
sensor
Wind
speed
sensor
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 95
User interface
9.4.1 Solar sensor
Si-12TC - T
bk
og
bn
rd
Red (rd)
Black (bk)
Orange (og)
Brown (bn)
12 ... 24 Vdc
-
+
UAI
1d
2d
3d
4d
Irradiation (0~10V)
Cell Temperature (0~10V)
1c
2c
3c
4c
VCC (12~24Vdc)
Figure 88: Si-12TC - T Solar sensor Figure 89: Connection diagram for solar sensor
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
1c IVP
1d IVN
2c CTP
2d CTN
Table 29: Connections for analogue user input - Solar sensor
0 to 10V
0 to 10V
AWG 24
(0.205mm
2
)
GND
9.4.2 Ambient temperature sensor
PT 1000
bk
bn
Figure 90: PT 1000 Ambient temperature sensor Figure 91: W iring of the ambient temperature
rd
sensor
12 ... 24 Vdc
-
+
Red (rd)
Black (bk)
Brown (bn)
UAI
1d
2d
3d
4d
Temperature (0~10V )
1c
2c
3c
4c
VCC (12~24 Vdc)
GND
Page 96 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
User interface
9.4.3 Wind speed sensor
UAI
1d
2d
3d
bk
bn
4d
Black (bk)
Brown (bn)
Figure 92: Wind speed sensor Figure 93: Configuration of the wind speed sensor
Terminal number Terminal designation Specification Wire cross- section
1c
2c
3c
4c
GND
Wind speed (0~10V)
3c PTP
0 to 10V
3d PTN
4c RSVP
AWG 24
(0.205mm
2
)
0 to 10V
4d RSVN
Table 30: Connections for analogue user input-Ambient temperature sensor, Wind speed sensor
9.4.4 Parameter settings for analogue sensors
IIn order to determine measured values using the analogue sensors, you have to set the “Options” parameter.
The options are calculated and set by a service technician from KACO new energy Inc.,.
ATTENTION
Be careful not to destroy the sensor's measuring input!
Avoid using voltages > 10V and make sure that the polarity is correct.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 97
Overview Circuit Diagram
10 Overview Circuit Diagram
Figure 94: Configuration of the Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Page 98 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Decommissioning/Dismantling
11 Decommissioning/Dismantling
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and lines of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched off and disconnected!
Coming into contact with the lines and terminals in the inverter will cause serious injury
or death.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open,
install and maintain the inverter.
› Always shut down the inverter (in the sequence described below) before dismantling
the unit.
› Do not touch exposed contact connections.
Switch off the inverter
" Switch the main ON/OFF switch to OFF (stop the inverter).
" Switch the power grid switch to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the grid).
" Switch the DC disconnector to OFF (disconnect the inverter from the PV generator).
" Make sure that the inverter is disconnected from all voltage sources.
" Attach locking devices to the circuit breaker of the power grid connection and to the AC and DC
disconnectors.
" Wait at least six minutes before working on the inverter.
Decommission and dismantle the inverter
" Disconnect all terminals and cable fittings.
" Remove all DC and AC leads.
" Disconnect the connections and bus bars between the cabinets.
Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL Page 99
Disposal
12 Disposal
Dispose of the packaging materials
The packaging for the inverter consists of a wooden pallet, plastic foil made of polypropylene, and the
shipping container.
" Dispose of the packaging materials in accordance with the applicable waste disposal regulations.
Dispose of the inverter
" After the inverter has reached the end of its service life, dispose of it in accordance with the applicable
disposal regulations for electronic waste at your own expense or ask it to Kaco new energy Inc.,
Page 100 Operating Instructions Powador XP500/550-HV-TL
Loading...