Jonsered 334T, 338XPT Operator's Manual
Operator's manual (p 2-35)
Manuel d'utilisation (p 36-69)
Lire attentivement et bien assimiler le manuel d’utilisation avant d'utiliser la machine.
CANADA
334T 338XPT
Please read these instructions carefully and make sure you understand them before using the machine.
2 – English
Symbols
KEY TO SYMBOLS
Switch off the engine by moving the stop
switch to the STOP position before
carrying out any checks or maintenance.
Operating position
Choke
Always wear approved protective gloves.
Regular cleaning is required.
Visual check.
Protective glasses or a visor must be
worn.
Refuelling
Chain oil and chain oil flow adjustment
CAUTION! Chain saws can be dangerous!
Careless or incorrect use can result in
serious or fatal injury to the operator or
others.
Please read the instructions carefully and
make sure you understand them before
using the saw.
Always wear:
• Approved protective helmet
• Approved hearing protection
• Protective glasses or visor
Both of the operator´s hands must be used
to operate the chain saw.
Never operate a chain saw holding it with
one hand only.
Contact of the guide bar tip with any object
should be avoided.
Tip contact may cause the guide bar to
move suddenly upward and backward,
which may cause serious injury.
Recommended cutting
equipment in this example:
- Bar length 16 inches
- Max. nose radius 10 Teeth
- Chain type Oregon 21LP
Other approved bar and chain combinations
in Operator’s Manual.
Measured maximum kickback value with
brake for the bar and chain combination on
the label.
Measured maximum kickback value without
triggering the brake, for the bar and chain
combination on the label.
English – 3
CONTENTS
Contents
Key to symbols......................................................... 2
Safety instructions
Personal protective equipment ................................. 4
Chain saw safety equipment ...................................... 4
Inspecting, maintaining and servicing chain saw
safety equipment ................................................................. 8
Cutting equipment ......................................................... 10
How to avoid kickback................................................. 16
General safety precautions ....................................... 18
General working instructions.................................... 19
What is what?
What is what? .................................................................... 24
Assembly
Mounting guide bar and chain ........................................... 25
Fuel handling
Fuelmix .............................................................................. 26
Fuelling .............................................................................. 27
Start and stop
Start and stop .................................................................... 28
Maintenance
Carburetor ......................................................................... 29
Starter device .................................................................... 30
Air filter .............................................................................. 31
Spark plug ......................................................................... 31
Muffler................................................................................ 31
Adjustment of the oil pump ................................................ 32
Cooling system .................................................................. 32
Daily maintenance ............................................................. 32
Weekly maintenance ......................................................... 33
Monthly maintenance ........................................................ 33
Technical Data
334T .................................................................................. 34
338XPT ............................................................................. 34
Emission Control Warranty Statement
Your warranty rights and obligations ................................. 35
Before using a new saw
• Read the instructions carefully.
• Check cutting equipment is correctly fitted and adjusted. See
page 25.
• Refuel and start the saw. Check the carburetor settings.
See pages 26-29.
• Do not use the saw until sufficient chain oil has reached the
chain, see page 14.
IMPORTANT! If the carburetor mixture is too lean it greatly
increases the risk of engine failure.
Poor maintenance of the air filter will cause carbon build-up on
the spark plug and lead to difficult starting.
If the chain is badly adjusted it will cause increased wear or
damage to the bar, drive sprocket and chain.
A chain saw is a dangerous tool if used
carelessly or incorrectly and can cause
serious, even fatal injuries. It is very important
that you read and understand these
instructions.
You will find the following labels on your chain saw:
WARNING!
Under no circumstances may the design of
the machine be modified without the permission of the manufacturer. Always use genuine
spare parts/accessories. Non-authorized
modifications and/or accessories can result in
serious personal injury or the death of the
operator or others.
Your warranty may not cover damage or
liability caused by the use of non-authorized
accessories or replacement parts.
Warning! The inside of muffler contain
chemicals that may be carcenogenic. Avoid
contact with these elements in the event of
damaged muffler.
Husqvarna AB has a policy of continuous product development
and therefore reserves the right to modify the design and
appearance of products without prior notice.
When using a chain saw, a fire extinguisher
should be available.
Do not attempt a pruning or limbing operation
in a standing tree unless specifically trained
to do so.
Keep handles dry, clean and free of oil.
Beware of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Operate the chainsaw in well ventilated areas
only.
35cc
HUSQVARNA AB HUSKVARNA SWEDEN EM
YHVXS. 0354RA
IMPORTANT ENGINE INFORMATION
MANUAL FOR MAINTENANCE
SPECIFICATIONS AND ADJUSTMENTS.
THIS ENGINE CONFORMS TO U.S.
REGULATION FOR SMALL EMISSION
NONROAD ENGINES. REFER TO OPERATOR´S
PH 1EPA
334
4 – English
!
CHAIN SAW SAFETY EQUIPMENT
This section explains the various safety features of the saw,
how they work, and basic inspection and maintenance you
should carry out to ensure safe operation. (See the
”What is
what?”
section to find out where these components are on Your
saw).
NEVER USE A CHAIN SAW THAT HAS
FAULTY SAFETY EQUIPMENT! Carry out the
inspection, maintenance and service routines
listed in this section.
• Chain brake and front hand
guard
• Throttle lock
• Chain catcher
• Vibration damping system
• Stop switch
• Muffler
• Cutting equipment (see
”Cutting equipment”
section).
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
!
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
MOST CHAIN SAW ACCIDENTS HAPPEN
WHEN THE CHAIN TOUCHES THE OPERATOR. You must wear approved protective
equipment whenever you use a chain saw.
Personal protective equipment cannot
eliminate the risk of injury but it will reduce
the degree of injury if an accident does
happen. Ask your chain saw dealer for help in
choosing the right equipment.
• PROTECTIVE HELMET
• HEARING PROTECTION
• PROTECTIVE GLASSES
OR VISOR
• GLOVES WITH
SAW PROTECTION
• PROTECTIVE TROUSERS
WITH SAW PROTECTION
• BOOTS WITH SAW
PROTECTION, STEEL
TOE-CAP AND NON-SLIP
SOLE
Generally clothes should be
close-fitting without restricting
your freedom of movement.
• ALWAYS HAVE A FIRST
AID KIT NEARBY
English – 5
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
2 The front hand guard is
not designed solely to
activate the chain brake.
Another important safety
feature is that it prevents
the chain from hitting your
left hand if you lose your
grip on the front handle.
3a Starting
The chain brake should be
activated when starting.
b You can also use the
chain brake as a
temporary brake when you
change position or if you
put the saw down for a
short time. You should
also apply the chain brake
manually if there is a risk
of the chain accidentally
hitting anyone or anything
close by.
4 To release the chain brake
pull the front hand guard
backwards, towards the
front handle.
5 As mentioned in section A,
kickback can be very
sudden and violent.
Most kickbacks are
minor and do not always
activate the chain brake.
If this happens you
should hold the chain
saw firmly and not let
go.
1 Chain brake and front hand guard
YOUR chain saw is equipped with a chain brake that is designed to stop the chain immediately if you get a kickback.
The chain brake reduces the risk of accidents, but only You can
prevent them.
Take care when using your
saw and make sure the
kickback zone of the bar
never touches any object.
1 The chain brake (A) can
either be activated
manually (by your left
hand) or automatically by
the inertia release
mechanism (a freeswinging pendulum). On
most of our models the
front hand guard acts as a
counterweight in case of
kickback.
The brake is applied
when the front hand
guard (B) is pushed
forwards.
This movement activates
a spring-loaded
mechanism that tightens
the Brake Band (C)
around the engine drive
system (D) (Clutch Drum).
B
A
B
B
C
D
6 – English
6 The way the chain brake is triggered, either manually or
automatically, depends on the force of the kickback and the
position of the chain saw in relation to the object that the
kickback zone of the bar strikes.
If you get a violent
kickback while the
kickback zone of the bar
is farthest away from you
the chain brake will be
activated by the
movement of the
counterweight (INERTIA
ACTIVATED).
If the kickback is less
violent or the kickback
zone of the bar is closer
to you the chain brake will
be activated manually by
the movement of your left
hand.
7 During felling your left
hand grasps the front
handle in such a way that
it cannot activate the front
hand guard. In this
position the chain brake
can only be activated by
the inertia action of the
counterweight.
The inertia activated
chain brake increases
your safety but there are
certain factors to
remember (see point 6
above).
2 Throttle lock
The throttle lock is designed
to prevent accidental operation of the throttle control.
When you press the lock (A)
(i.e. when you grasp the
handle) it releases the throttle
trigger (B).
When you release the handle
the throttle trigger and the
throttle lock both move back
to their original positions. This
movement is controlled by two
independent return springs.
This arrangement means that
the throttle control is
automatically locked at the
idle setting when you release
the handle.
3 Chain catcher
The chain catcher is designed
to catch the chain if it snaps or
jumps off. This should not
happen if the chain is properly
tensioned (see section on
”Assembly”
) and if the bar and
chain are properly serviced
and maintained.
(See section on
”General
working instructions”
).
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
A
B
English – 7
4 Vibration damping system
Your chain saw is equipped
with a vibration damping
system that is designed to
minimise vibrations in the
handles and make operation
easier.
When you use a chain saw
vibrations are generated by
the uneven contact between
the chain and the wood you
are cutting.
Cutting hardwoods (most
broadleaf trees) creates more
vibration than cutting
softwoods (most conifers).
Cutting with a chain that is
blunt or faulty (wrong type or
badly sharpened, see page
11-14) will increase the
vibration level.
The vibration damping system
reduces the vibrations
transmitted from the engine
and chain to the handles of
the chain saw. The body of
the saw, including the cutting
equipment, is insulated from
the handles by vibration
damping units.
Overexposure to vibration can lead to
circulatory damage or nerve damage in people
who have impaired circulation.
Contact your doctor if you experience
symptoms of overexposure to vibration.
These symptoms include numbness, loss of
feeling, tingling, pricking, pain, loss of
strength, changes in skin colour or condition.
These symptoms normally appear in the
fingers, hands or wrists.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
5 Stop switch
Use the stop switch to switch
off the engine.
!
The exhaust fumes from the engine are hot
and may contain sparks which can start a fire.
Never start the saw indoors or near
combustible material!
6 Muffler
The muffler is designed to keep noise levels to a minimum and
to direct exhaust fumes away from the user.
In countries with a hot climate
there is a high risk of forest
fires. The chain saw is
therefore fitted with a SPARK
ARRESTOR MESH.
With this type of muffler it is
very important that you follow
the instructions on checking,
maintaining and servicing your
saw (see the section on
”Inspecting, maintaining and
servicing chain saw safety
equipment”
).
!
The muffler gets very hot in use and remains
so for a short time afterwards. DO NOT
TOUCH THE MUFFLER IF IT IS HOT!
!
8 – English
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
3 Checking the brake trigger
Place the chain saw on
firm ground and start it.
Make sure the chain does
not touch the ground or
any other object. See
instructions under the
heading Start and stop.
Grasp the saw firmly,
wrapping your fingers and
thumbs around the
handles.
Apply full throttle and
activate the chain brake
by tilting your wrist
forward onto the front
hand guard. Do not let go
of the front handle.
The chain should stop
immediately.
WARNING!
NEVER start the chain saw without activating
the chain brake first!
!
!
Inspecting, maintaining and servicing
chain saw safety equipment
SPECIAL TRAINING IS REQUIRED to service
and repair chain saws. This is especially true
of chain saw safety equipment. If your chain
saw fails any of the checks described below
take it to your SERVICE AGENT.
When you buy any of our products we
guarantee the availability of professional
repairs and service. If the retailer who sells
your saw is not a SERVICING DEALER, ask
him for the address of your nearest SERVICE
AGENT.
1 Chain brake and front hand guard
1 Checking brake band wear
Brush off any sawdust,
resin and dirt from the
chain brake and clutch
drum. Dirt and wear can
impair operation of the
brake.
Regularly check that the
brake band is at least 0.6
mm thick at its thinnest
point.
2 Checking the front hand guard
A) Make sure the
FRONT HAND GUARD
is not damaged and
that there are no visible
defects such as
cracks.
B) Move the front hand
guard forwards and
back to make sure it
runs freely and that it is
securely anchored to
the clutch cover.
English – 9
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
2 Throttle lock
1 Make sure the throttle
control is locked at the
idle setting when you
release the throttle lock.
2 Press the throttle lock and
make sure it returns to its
original position when you
release it.
3 Check that the throttle
control and throttle lock
move freely and that the
return springs work
properly.
3 Chain catcher
Check that the CHAIN
CATCHER is not
damaged and is firmly
attached to the body of
the saw.
4 Vibration damping system
Regularly check the
vibration damping units
for cracks or deformation
Make sure the vibration
damping units are
securely attached to the
engine unit and handles.
WARNING!
NEVER start the chain saw without activating
the chain brake first!
!
4 Start the saw and apply
full throttle. Release the
throttle control and check
that the chain stops and
remains stationary. If the
chain rotates when the
throttle is on idle setting
you should check the
carburetor idle
adjustment. See the
section on
”Maintenance”
.
5 Stop switch
WARNING!
NEVER start the chain saw without activating
the chain brake first!
!
Start the engine and
make sure the engine
stops when you move the
stop switch to the stop
setting.
10 – English
!
7 Muffler
Never use a chain saw
that has a faulty muffler.
Regularly check that the
muffler is securely
attached to the chain saw.
If the muffler on your saw
is fitted with a spark
arrestor mesh this must
be cleaned regularly.
A blocked mesh will
cause the engine to
overheat and may lead to
serious damage.
Never use a muffler if
the spark arrestor mesh
is missing or defective.
NEVER USE A CHAIN SAW WITH FAULTY
SAFETY EQUIPMENT. CARRY OUT THE
CHECKS AND MAINTENANCE MEASURES
DESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION. IF YOUR
CHAIN SAW FAILS ANY OF THESE CHECKS
CONTACT YOUR SERVICE AGENT TO GET IT
REPAIRED.
CUTTING EQUIPMENT
This section describes how to choose and maintain your cutting
equipment in order to:
• Reduce the risk of kickback.
• Reduce the risk of the chain breaking or jumping.
• Obtain maximum cutting performance.
• Extend the life of cutting equipment.
The 5 basic rules
1 Only use cutting
equipment
recommended by us!
See the
”Technical data”
section.
2 Keep the chain cutting
teeth properly
sharpened! Follow our
instructions and use the
recommended file
gauge. A damaged or
badly sharpened chain
increases the risk of
accidents.
3 Maintain the correct
raker clearance! Follow
our instructions and
use the recommended
raker gauge. Too large a
clearance increases the
risk of kickback.
4 Keep the chain properly
tesioned! If the chain is
slack it is more likely to
jump off and lead to
increased wear on the
bar, chain and drive
sprocket.
5 Keep cutting equipment
well lubricated and
properly maintained!
A poorly lubricated chain
is more likely to break and
lead to increased wear on
the bar, chain and drive
sprocket.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
English – 11
!
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
C Some terms that describe the bar and chain
When the cutting equipment supplied with your saw becomes
worn or damaged you will need to replace it. Use only the type
of bar and chain recommended by us. See the
”Technical data”
section to find out which equipment is recommended for your
saw.
Bar
• LENGTH (inches/cm)
• NUMBER OF TEETH ON
BAR TIP SPROCKET (T).
Small number = small tip
radius = low-kickback
• CHAIN PITCH (inches)
The spacing between the
drive links of the chain must
match the spacing of the
teeth on the bar tip sprocket
and drive sprocket.
• NUMBER OF DRIVE LINKS
The number of drive links is
determined by the length of
the bar, the chain pitch and
the number of teeth on the
bar tip sprocket.
• BAR GROOVE WIDTH
(inches/mm)
The groove in the bar must
match the width of the chain
drive links.
• SAW CHAIN OIL HOLE
AND HOLE FOR CHAIN
TENSIONER
The bar must be matched to
the chain saw design.
Saw chain
• SAW CHAIN PITCH
(inches)
Spacing between drive
links.
• DRIVE LINK WIDTH (mm/
inches)
• NUMBER OF DRIVE LINKS
• LEVEL OF KICKBACK
REDUCTION
The level of kickback
reduction offered by a chain
is indicated by its model
number.
See the
”Technical data”
section to find the model
numbers of chains that are
recommended for use with
your saw.
1 Cutting equipment designed to minimise
kickback
Faulty cutting equipment or the wrong
combination of bar and chain increases the
risk of kickback. Use only the bar and chain
combinations recommended in the
”Technical
data”
section.
The only way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the kickback zone of the bar never touches anything.
By using cutting equipment with “built-in” kickback protection
and keeping the chain sharp and well-maintained you can
reduce the effects of kickback.
A Bar
The smaller the tip radius the
smaller the kickback zone and
the lower the chance of
kickback.
B Saw chain
A saw chain is made up of a number of links, which are
available in standard and low-kickback versions.
None Standard Low-kickback
CUTTING LINK
DRIVE LINK
SIDE LINK
Combining these links in different ways gives different degrees
of kickback reduction. In terms of kickback reduction alone, four
different types of link are available.
Kickback reduction Cutting link Drive link Side link
LOW
STANDARD
HIGH
EXTRA HIGH
12 – English
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
!
2 Sharpening your chain and adjusting
raker clearance
The risk of kickback is increased with a badly
sharpened chain!
A General information on sharpening cutting teeth
• Never use a blunt chain. When the chain is blunt you have to
exert more pressure to force the bar through the wood and
the cuttings will be very small. If the chain is very blunt it will
not produce any cuttings at all, just wood powder.
• A sharp chain eats its way
through the wood and
produces long, thick
cuttings.
• The cutting part of the chain
is called the CUTTING LINK
and this consists of a
CUTTING TOOTH (A) and
the RAKER LIP (B). The
cutting depth is determined
by the difference in height
between the two.
• When you sharpen a cutting tooth there are five important
factors to remember.
FILING ANGLE
CUTTING ANGLE
FILE POSITION
ROUND FILE DIAMETER
FILE DEPTH
See the
”Technical data”
section for information about
sharpening your saw chain.
B
A
1
5
!
It is very difficult to sharpen a
chain correctly without the
right equipment. We
recommend you use a file
gauge. This will help you
obtain the maximum kickback
reduction and cutting
performance from your chain.
The following faults will increase the risk of
kickback considerably.
• FILE ANGLE TOO
LARGE
• CUTTING ANGLE
TOO SMALL
• FILE DIAMETER
TOO SMALL
B Sharpening cutting teeth
To sharpen cutting teeth you
will need a ROUND FILE and
a FILE GAUGE. See the
”Technical data”
section for
information on the size of file
and gauge that are
recommended for your saw
chain.
1 Check that the chain is
correctly tensioned. A
slack chain is difficult to
sharpen correctly.
2 Always file cutting teeth
from the inside face,
reducing the pressure on
the return stroke.
File all the teeth on one
side first, then turn the
saw over and file the
teeth on the other side.
3 File all the teeth to the
same length. When the
length of the cutting teeth
is reduced to 4 mm
(0,16") the chain is worn
out and should be
replaced.
min 4 mm
(0,16")
English – 13
!
C General advice on setting raker clearance
• When you sharpen the
cutting teeth you reduce the
RAKER CLEARANCE
(cutting depth). To maintain
cutting performance you
must file back the raker
teeth to the recommended
height.
See the
”Technical data”
section to find the raker
clearance for your saw
chain.
• On a low-kickback cutting
link the front edge of the
raker lip is rounded. It is
very important that you
maintain this radius or bevel
when you adjust the raker
clearance.
• We recommend the use of a
raker gauge to achieve the
correct clearance and bevel
on the raker lip.
The risk of kickback is increased if the raker
clearance is too large!
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
D Setting the raker clearance
• Before setting the raker clearance the cutting teeth should be
newly sharpened.
We recommend that you adjust the raker clearance every
third time you sharpen the chain. NOTE! This
recommendation assumes that the length of the cutting teeth
is not reduced excessively.
• To adjust the raker
clearance you will need a
FLAT FILE and a RAKER
GAUGE.
• Place the gauge over the
raker lip.
• Place the file over the part
of the lip that protrudes
through the gauge and file
off the excess. The
clearance is correct when
you no longer feel any
resistance as you draw the
file over the gauge.
3 Tensioning the chain
!
• The more you use a chain the longer it becomes. It is
therefore important to adjust the chain regularly to take up the
slack.
• Check the chain tension every time you refuel.
NOTE! A new saw chain has a running-in period during which
you should check the tension more frequently.
• Tension the chain as tightly
as possible, but not so tight
that you cannot pull it round
freely by hand.
A slack chain may jump off and cause serious
or even fatal injury.
14 – English
1 Undo the bar nuts that
hold the clutch cover and
chain brake, using the
combination spanner.
Then tighten the nuts by
hand as tight as you can.
2 Raise the tip of the bar
and stretch the chain by
tightening the chain
tensioning screw using
the combination spanner.
Tighten the chain until it
hangs slack on the
underside of the bar.
3 Use the combination
spanner to tighten the bar
nuts while lifting the tip of
the bar at the same time.
Check that you can pull
the chain round freely by
hand and that it is not
slack on the bottom of the
bar.
The position of the chain tensioning screw varies from
model to model. See the
” What is what”
section to find out
where it is on your saw.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
!
4 Lubricating cutting equipment
Poor lubrication of cutting equipment may
cause the chain to snap and lead to serious,
even fatal injuries.
A Chain oil
• Chainsaw chain oil must demonstrate good adhesion to the
chain and also maintain its flow caracteristics regardless of
whether it is warm summer or cold winter weather.
• As a chainsaw manufacturer we have developed an optimal
chain oil which has a vegetable oil base. We recommend the
use of our own oil for both maximum chain life and to
minimise environmental damage.
• If our own chain oil is not available, standard chain oil is
recommended.
• In areas where oil specifically for lubrication of saw chains is
unavailable, ordinary EP 90 transmission oil may be used.
• Never use waste oil!
This is dangerous for yourself, the saw and the environment.
B Filling with chain oil
• The chain saw has an
automatic chain lubrication
system. The oil flow is also
adjustable.
• The sizes of the chain oil
tank and fuel tank have
been chosen so that the
saw will run out of fuel
before running out of oil.
This means that you should
never run with a dry chain.
However, this safety feature
requires that you use the
right sort of chain oil (if the
oil is too thin it will run out
before the fuel), and that
you adjust the carburetor as
recommended (a weak
mixture may mean that the
fuel lasts longer than the
oil). You should also use the
recommended cutting
equipment (a bar that is too
long will use more chain oil).
The above conditions also
apply to models with an
adjustable oil pump.
English – 15
C Checking chain lubrication
• Check the chain lubrication
each time you refuel.
Aim the tip of the saw at a
light coloured surface about
20 cm away. After 1 minute
running at 3/4 throttle you
should see a distinct line of
oil on the light surface.
If the chain lubrication is not working:
1 Check that the oil channel
in the bar is not
obstructed. Clean if
necessary.
2 Check that the groove in
the edge of the bar is
clean. Clean if necessary.
3 Check that the bar tip
sprocket turns freely and
that the lubricating hole in
the tip is not blocked.
Clean and lubricate if
necessary.
If the chain lubrication
system is still not working
after carrying out the
above measures you
should contact your
service agent.
D Lubricating the bar tip sprocket
• Lubricate the bar tip
sprocket each time you
refuel. Use the special
grease gun and a good
quality bearing grease.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
E Checking wear on cutting equipment
Saw chain
Check the saw chain daily for:
• Visible cracks in rivets and
links.
• Whether the chain is stiff.
• Whether rivets and links are
badly worn.
We recommend you
compare the existing chain
with a new chain to decide
how badly it is worn.
When the length of the
cutting teeth has worn down
to only 4 mm the chain must
be replaced.
F Chain drive sprocket
Regularly check the degree
of wear on the drive
sprocket. Replace if wear is
excessive.
min 4 mm
(0,16")
16 – English
H Bar
Check regularly:
• Whether there are burrs on
the edges of the bar.
Remove these with a file if
necessary.
• Whether the groove in the
bar has become badly worn.
Replace the bar if
necessary.
• Whether the tip of the bar is
uneven or badly worn. If a
hollow forms on one side of
the bar tip this is due to a
slack chain.
• To prolong the life of the bar
you should turn it over daily.
MOST CHAIN SAW ACCIDENTS HAPPEN
WHEN THE CHAIN TOUCHES THE OPERATOR.
• WEAR PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
(see the section on
”Chain saw safety
equipment”
).
• DO NOT TACKLE ANY JOB YOU ARE UNSURE OF
(see the section on
”Personal protective
equipment”,”How to avoid kickback”, ”General
working instructions”
and
”Cutting equipment”
).
• AVOID SITUATIONS WHERE THERE IS A RISK OF
KICKBACK (see the section on
”Personal
protective equipment”
).
• USE THE RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT AND CHECK ITS CONDITION (see
section on
”General working instructions”
).
• CHECK THAT ALL SAFETY FUNCTIONS ARE
WORKING (see section on
”General working
instructions”
and
”General safety precautions”
).
!
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
HOW TO AVOID KICKBACK
Kickback can happen very suddenly and
violently; kicking the saw, bar and chain back
at the user. If this happens when the chain is
moving it can cause very serious, even fatal
injuries. It is vital you understand what causes
kickback and that you can avoid it by taking
care and using the right working technique.
What is kickback?
The word kickback is used to
describe the sudden reaction
that happens when the upper
quadrant of the tip of the bar
(known as the “kickback zone”)
touches an object and the
saw is kicked backwards.
Kickback always occurs in
the cutting plane of the saw.
Normally the saw and bar are
thrown backwards and
upwards towards the user.
However the saw may move
in a different direction
depending on the way it was
being used when the kickback
zone of the bar touched the
object.
Kickback only occurs if the
kickback zone of the bar
touches an object.
!
English – 17
General rules
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
6 Take great care when you
cut with the top edge of
the bar, i.e. when cutting
from the underside of the
object. This is known as
cutting on the push
stroke. The chain tries to
push the saw back
towards the user.
Unless the user resists
this pushing force there is
a risk that the saw will
move so far backwards
that only the kickback
zone of the bar is in
contact with the tree. This
will cause kickback.
Cutting with the bottom
edge of the bar, i.e. from
the top of the object
downwards, is known as
cutting on the pull stroke.
In this case the saw pulls
itself towards the tree and
the front edge of the saw
provides a natural rest
when cutting. Cutting on
the pull stroke gives you
better control over the
saw and the position of
the kickback zone.
7 Follow the instructions on sharpening and maintaining your
bar and chain. When you replace the bar and chain use
only combinations that are recommended by us. See the
sections on
”Cutting equipment”
and
”Technical data”.
If you have to saw tree
limbs or the like that are
above shoulder heigth,
stand on a work platform
or a work stand. Never
use the saw while
standing on a ladder.
!
WARNING!
In order to keep control of your saw always
maintain a firm foothold. Never work on a
ladder or any other insecure support.
Never work in a tree unless you have
specific, professional training for such work,
are properly secured (such as tackle and
harness system or a life buckel), have both
hands free for operating the chain saw in a
cramped environment and have taken proper
precautions to avoid injury from falling limbs
or branches.
Position the chain saw in such a way that
your body is clear of the cutting attachment
whenever the engine is running. Stand to the
left of the plane of the cutting attachment.
!
1 If you understand what kickback is and how it happens then
you can reduce or eliminate the element of surprise. By
being prepared you reduce the risk. Kickback is usually
quite mild, but it can sometimes be very sudden and violent.
2 Always hold the saw
firmly with your right hand
on the rear handle and
your left hand on the front
handle.
Wrap your fingers and
thumb around the handles. You should use this
grip whether you are
right-handed or lefthanded. This grip
minimises the effect of
kickback and lets you
keep the saw under
control.
Do not let go of the
handles!
3 Most kickback accidents
happen during limbing.
Make sure you are
standing firmly and that
there is nothing in the way
that might make you trip
or lose your balance.
Lack of concentration can
lead to kickback if the
kickback zone of the bar
accidentally touches a
branch, nearby tree or
some other object.
4 Never use the saw above
shoulder height and do
not cut with the tip of the
bar.
Never use the saw onehanded!
5 Always use a fast cutting speed, i.e. full throttle.
The risk of kickback is increased if you use
the wrong cutting equipment or a chain that
is not sharpened correctly. The wrong
combination of bar and chain can increase
the risk of kickback!
18 – English
!
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1 Chain saws are designed solely for cutting wood. The only
cutting equipment that can be used with this chain saw are
the combinations of bars and chains recommended in the
”Technical data”
section.
2 Never use a chain saw if
you are tired, if you have
drunk alcohol, or if you
are taking medication that
affects your vision, your
judgement or your coordination.
3 Always wear suitable protective clothing. See the section
on
”Personal protective equipment”
.
4 Never use a chain saw that has been modified in any way
from its original specification.
5 Never use a chain saw
that is faulty. Carry out
the regular checks,
maintenance and service
routines described in this
manual. Some
maintenance and service
measures must be carried
out by trained specialists.
See the section on
”Maintenance”
.
6 STARTING
7 FUEL SAFETY
(Refuelling, fuel mixture, storage.)
Fuel and fuel vapour are highly inflammable.
Take care when handling fuel and chain oil.
Keep away from naked flames and do not
breathe in fuel vapour.
• Never try to refuel the saw
while it is running. Always
stop the engine and let it
cool for a few minutes
before refuelling.
• Make sure there is plenty of
ventilation when refuelling
or mixing fuel (2-stroke
mixture).
• Move the saw at least 3 m
from the refuelling point
before starting it.
• Never start the chainsaw:
a) If you have spilt fuel or
chain oil on the saw.
Wipe off the spill and
allow remaining fuel to
evaporate.
b) If you spill fuel or chain
oil on yourself or your
clothes. Change your
clothes.
c) If there is a fuel leak.
Check regularly for
leaks from the
FUEL CAP and FUEL
LINES.
• Always store the chain saw and fuel away from any
sources of sparks or naked flames, e.g. machines, electric
motors, relays, switches, boilers, etc.
• Always store fuel in an approved container designed for
that purpose.
• For longer periods of storage or for transport of the saw,
the fuel and chain oil tanks should be emptied. Ask where
you can dispose of waste fuel and chain oil at your local
petrol station.
8 Never use any accessories other than those recommended
in this manual. See the sections on
”Cutting equipment”
and
”Technical data”
.
The risk of accident is increased if you use the
wrong cutting equipment or a chain that is not
sharpened correctly. Using the wrong combination of bar and chain can increase the risk
of accidents!
!
Min. 3 m
(10 ft)
WARNING!
NEVER start the chain saw without activating
the chain brake first!
!
• Never start a chain saw
unless the bar, chain and all
covers are fitted correctly.
(See section on
”Assembly”
).
• Never start a chain saw
indoors. Exhaust fumes can
be dangerous.
• Before starting the saw
make sure there are no
people or animals nearby
who might be put at risk.
• The chain brake should be
activated when starting. See
instructions under the
heading Start and stop. Do
not drop start. This method
is very dangerous because
you may lose control of the
saw. See instructions under
the heading Start and stop.
• Place the saw on the
ground and hold the rear
handle down with your right
knee. Grasp the front
handle firmly using your left
hand. Make sure the chain
saw is steady and the chain
is not touching the ground.
Then grasp the starter
handle and pull the starter
cord. Never wrap the starter
cord around your hand.
English – 19
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
GENERAL WORKING INSTRUCTIONS
This section describes basic safety rules for
using a chain saw. This information is no
substitute for professional skills and
experience. If you get into a situation where
you feel unsafe, stop and seek expert advice
(look under FORESTRY SERVICES in the
telephone directory).
DO NOT ATTEMPT ANY TASK THAT YOU
FEEL UNSURE OF!
Important
1 Before using a chain saw you must understand the effects of
kickback and what causes it. (See the section on
”How to
avoid kickback”.
)
2 Before using a saw you must understand the difference
between sawing with the top and bottom edges of the bar.
(See the section on
”How to avoid kickback”.
)
1 Basic safety rules
1 Look around you:
• to make sure there are no
people, animals or other
objects nearby that might
affect your work.
• to make sure that none of
the above might come within
reach of your saw or be
injured by falling trees.
Follow the instructions above, but do not use a chain saw in a
situation where you cannot call for help in case of an accident.
2 Do not use the saw in bad weather, such as dense fog,
heavy rain, strong wind, intense cold, etc. Working in cold
weather is tiring and often brings added risks, such as icy
ground, unpredictable felling direction, etc.
3 Take great care when removing small branches and avoid
cutting bushes (i.e. cutting many small branches at the
same time). Small branches can be grabbed by the chain
and thrown back at you, causing serious injury.
4 Check the area around
you for possible obstacles
such as roots, rocks,
branches, ditches, etc., in
case you have to move
suddenly. Take great care
when working on sloping
ground.
5 Take the utmost care
when cutting through
branches or logs that are
in tension. A log or branch
that is in tension can
suddenly spring back into
its natural position before
or after you cut it. If you
stand on the wrong side
or start cutting in the
wrong place it may strike
you or your chain saw.
This could make you lose
control and cause a
serious accident.
6 Before moving your chain
saw switch off the engine
and lock the chain using
the chain brake. Carry the
saw with the bar and
chain pointing backwards.
Fit a guard to the bar
before carrying the saw
any distance.
7 Never put a chain saw
down while the engine is
running unless you have it
in clear view and the
chain brake is on. Switch
the engine off before
leaving your chain saw for
any length of time.
!
20 – English
!
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
Two factors decide whether the chain will jam or the log will
split. The first is how the log is supported and the second is
whether it is in tension.
In most cases you can avoid these problems by cutting in two
stages; from the top and from the bottom of the log. You need
to support the log so that it will not trap the chain or split during
cutting.
If the chain jams in the cut:
STOP THE ENGINE! Don’t try to pull the saw
free. If you do you may damage the chain
when the saw suddenly breaks free. Use a
lever to open up the cut and free the bar.
The following instructions describe how to handle most types of
situation that you will be faced with when using a chain saw.
Cutting
1 The log is lying on the
ground. There is little risk
of the chain jamming or
the log splitting. However
there is a risk that the
chain will touch the
ground when you finish
the cut.
Cut all the way through
the log from above. Try
not to touch the ground as
you finish the cut.
Maintain full throttle but
be prepared in case the
chain snatches.
A If it is possible to turn
the log you should stop
cutting about 2/3 of the
way through.
B Turn the log and finish
the cut from the
opposite side.
2 Basic cutting technique
General
• Always use full throttle when cutting!
• Reduce the speed to idle after every cut (running the
engine for too long at full throttle without any load can lead to
serious engine damage).
• Cutting from above = Cutting on the pull stroke.
• Cutting from below = Cutting on the push stroke.
See the section on
”How to avoid kickback”
to find out why
cutting on the push stroke increases the risk of kickback.
Terms:
Cutting = General term for cutting through wood.
Limbing = Cutting limbs off a felled tree.
Splitting = When the object you are cutting breaks off
before the cut is complete.
There are five important factors you should consider
before making a cut:
1 Make sure the bar will not
jam in the cut.
2 Make sure the log will not
split.
3 Make sure the chain will
not strike the ground or
any other object during or
after cutting.
4 Is there a risk of kick-
back?
5 Do the conditions and
surrounding terrain affect
your safety when
working?
English – 21
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
2 The log is supported at one
end. There is a high risk
that it will split.
A Start by cutting from
below (about 1/3 of the
way through).
B Finish by cutting from
above so that the two
cuts meet.
3 The log is supported at both
ends. There is a high risk
that the chain will jam.
A Start by cutting from
above (about 1/3 of the
way through).
B Finish by cutting from
below so that the two
cuts meet.
Limbing
When limbing thick branches
you should use the same
approach as for cutting.
Cut difficult branches piece by
piece.
!
3 Tree felling technique
It takes a lot of experience to fell a tree.
Inexperienced users of chain saws should not
fell trees. NEVER ATTEMPT A TASK YOU ARE
UNSURE OF.
A Safe distance
The safe distance between a tree that is to be felled and
anyone else working nearby is at least 21/2 tree lengths.
Make sure that no-one else is in this “risk zone” before or during
felling.
!
During critical felling operations, hearing
protectors should be lifted immediately when
sawing is completed so that sounds and
warning signals can be heard.
B Felling direction
The aim is to fell the tree in the best possible position for
subsequent limbing and cross-cutting. You want it to fall on
ground where you can move about safely.
The main point to avoid is
letting the tree fall onto
another tree. It can be both
difficult and dangerous to
remove a tree in such a
position (see point 4 in this
section).
Once you have decided which
way you want the tree to fall
you must judge which way the
tree would fall naturally.
Several factors affect this:
Lean of the tree
Bend
Wind direction
Arrangement of branches
Weight of snow
You may find you are forced to let the tree fall in its natural
direction because it is impossible or dangerous to try to make it
fall in the direction you first intended.
Another very important factor, which does not affect the felling
direction but does affect your safety, is to make sure the tree
has no damaged or dead branches that might break off and hit
you during felling.
1 2
3
22 – English
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
FELLING CUT
The felling cut is made from the opposite side of the tree and it
must be perfectly horizontal. Stand on the left side of the tree
and cut with the bottom edge of the bar.
Make the FELLING CUT
about 3-5 cm (1.5-2 inches)
above the flat section of the
DIRECTIONAL CUT.
Use full throttle and bring the
bar and chain slowly into the
tree. Make sure the tree does
not start to move in the
opposite direction to your
intended felling direction.
Drive a WEDGE or BREAKING BAR into the cut as
soon as it is deep enough.
Finish the FELLING CUT
parallel with the
DIRECTIONAL CUT LINE so
that the distance between
them is at least at least 1/10
of the trunk diameter. The
uncut section of the trunk is
called the HINGE.
The HINGE act as hinges that
control the felling direction of
the falling tree.
All control over the felling
direction is lost if the HINGE is
too narrow or if the directional
cut and felling cut are badly
placed.
When the felling cut and
directional cut are complete
the tree should start to fall
under its own weight or with
the aid of a FELLING
WEDGE.
C Clearing the trunk and preparing your retreat
Remove any branches that
are in the way. To do this it is
best to work from the top
down and keep the trunk
between you and the chain
saw. Never limb above
shoulder height.
Remove any undergrowth
from the base of the tree and
check the area for obstacles
(stones, branches, holes, etc.)
so that you have a clear path
of retreat when the tree starts
to fall. Your path of retreat
should be roughly 135
degrees behind the intended
felling direction.
D Felling
Felling is done using three cuts. First you make the
DIRECTIONAL CUTS, which consist of the TOP CUT and the
BOTTOM CUT; followed by the FELLING CUT. By placing
these cuts correctly you can control the felling direction very
accurately.
DIRECTIONAL CUT
To make the DIRECTIONAL
CUT you begin with the TOP
CUT. Stand to the right of the
tree and cut downwards at an
angle.
Next make the BOTTOM CUT
so that it finishes at the end of
the TOP CUT.
The directional cut should run
1/4 of the diameter through
the trunk and the angle
between the TOP CUT and
BOTTOM CUT should be 45°.
The line where the two cuts
meet is called the
DIRECTIONAL CUT LINE.
This line should be perfectly
horizontal and at right angles
(90°) to the chosen felling
direction.
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