Intel EXPRESS 550T, Express 550F User Manual

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Intel

Express 550T

Routing Switch

User Guide

696939-004

Year 2000 capable

An Intel product, when used in accordance with associated documentation, is “Year 2000 Capable” when, upon installation, it accurately stores, displays, processes, provides, and/or receives data from, into, and between the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, including leap year calculations, provided that all other technology used in combination with said product properly exchanges date data with it.

Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this manual. Nor does Intel make any commitment to update the information contained herei n .

* Other product and corporate names may be trademarks of other companies and are used only for explanation and to the owners’

benefit, without inten t to inf ringe.

Forth edition August 1999 696939-004

Contents

Chapter 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch 1

Introduction to the product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Before Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Positioning and Installing the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Installing a Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Connecting Other Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Connecting the Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

The Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Power up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Other LEDs on the front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Chapter 2 Intel Device View 17

System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Installation and Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Removal of Intel Device View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Using Intel Device View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Before a switch is contacted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

After a Switch or Stack is Contacted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Setting the Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Installing and Managing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Device Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Device View (Main Display) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Diagnostics Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Trap Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

System Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Errors Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

iii

CONTENTS

Chapter 3 Standard Configuration 41

Changing the Setup of the Switch or Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Internet Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Local Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Permanent Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Link Aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Port Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Local Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

TFTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Adaptive Forwarding Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Spanning Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Changing the Setup of the Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

General Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Port Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Port Specific Spanning Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Chapter 4 Advanced Configuration 65

VLANs (Virtual LANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Routing Between VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

DVMRP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

IP Multicast (IGMP pruning) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

IP Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Chapter 5 Managing the Switch 79

Management using Intel Device View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Information about the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Monitoring the Switch’s Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Monitoring using RMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Monitoring the Stack’s Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Monitoring VLANs and Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Monitoring the Port’s Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Tools for the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Report Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

CONTENTS

Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Recovery Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

DNS IP Conversion Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Tools for the Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Stack Synchronization Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Switch Position Organizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Color Code Matrix Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Chapter 6 Redirect TCP Packets 111

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Setting up redirection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Monitoring the status of the cache servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Chapter 7 Technical Specifications 117

Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Power Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Chapter 8 Console Port Use and Troubleshooting 123

Use of the Console Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Recovering from Start-up Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Using Maintenance Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Troubleshooting Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Troubleshooting Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Isolating the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Further Evaluation of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Typical Problems and Causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Start-up Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Performance Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Communication Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Reporting the Problem to Intel Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Retrieving Information for Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Appendix A Limited Hardware Warranty 137

Limited Hardware Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Limited Hardware Warranty (Europe only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

CONTENTS

Manufacturer Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

WARNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

AVERTISSEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

WARNUNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

AVVERTENZA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

ADVERTENCIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Automated Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Customer Support Technicians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Preface

Information sources for this switch

This User Guide is one of three sources of informat ion delivered with this switch.

Information type... Given in...

Getting started quickly Quick Start (printed) How to customize your switch User Guide (printed) Context sensiti ve help Help (online)

Quick Start description A printed guide that describes these basic steps:

•

Connect the switch

•

Start the switch (using the default settin gs)

•

Start Intel Device View

•

Change the setup

•

Save a new setup to the memory

•

Access Local Management

•

And, the legal declarations and warnings

User Guide description (this guide)

Help description Online, context-sensitive help text for each dialog box, providing in-

A printed guide containing full instructions on h ow to install the switch and operate the switch using Intel Device View.

formation about the p ermitted limits for the par ameters used.

vii

PREFACE

Warning

Products covered This User Guide gives you instructions on how to use:

Electrostatic Sensitive Devi ce

Electrostatic Sensitive Device

Do not handle the printed circuit board unless the working area is static-free!

•

Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

•

Intel Device View

0887

Prerequisite knowledge This User Guide is i ntended for personnel autho rized to configure and

manage local area networks. We assume that the person has an advanced technical background within data communication and networks.

Opening this pro duct must be done only by a net work manager or person who is qualified and authorized to install electrical equipment, and who is aware of the hazards to which he/she is exposed. This person must have an advanced technical background within data communications and networks.

Conven tion s in this manual This manual uses the following conventions:

File names, commands and examples

All file names, commands and exampl es are shown in the COURIER typeface.

Menu and submenu names

Menus, for example File or View, are shown in normal typeface with lowercase and uppercase letters displayed as shown on the screen.

viii

PREFACE

Access to submenus

You access submenus using a menu hierarchy. These are shown by use of angle brackets and the courier typeface. For example,

File>Configuration>Setup shows that to select t he Setup sub-

menu you must first click File and then Configuration.

Acronyms ARP Address Resolution Protocol

ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit AUI Attachment Unit Interface BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol IGMP Internet Group Message Protocol (for IP Multicast) IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IP Internet Protocol LAN Local Area Network MIB Management Information Base RAM R andom Access Memory RMON Remote Monitoring RIP Routing Information Protocol RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol STP Spanning Tree Protocol TFTP Trivial File Tra nsfer Protocol ToS Type of Service UDP User Datagram Protocol VLAN Virtual Local Area Network

Intel Express 550T

In this chapter This chapter covers the following topics.

Routing Switch

Topic See Page

Introduction to the product 2 Front Panel 3 Rear Panel 5 Installation 5

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Introduction to the product

Purpose of the switch The Intel Express 550T Routing Switch uses your existing network

cables to in tegrate switchi ng technolog y into your computer netw ork. Each device in a workgroup or a network segment can communica te

at a full wire-speed of 10Mbps or 100Mbps to provide:

• High-speed connectivity

• Simultaneous two-way communication between connected

devices

• Increased network throughput and performance

• Increased server availability

Physical features This switch offers the following features:

• Plug-and-play—no need to configure the modu le to use the basic

operations

• 8 x 10/100Mbps, non-blocking connections

• Two option slots for modules

• Front panel LEDs that show switch, port and traffic status

• Automatic detection of 110V and 240V power supplies

Hardware features The switch offers the following features:

• Each port can operate in one of three switching modes: cut-

through, fragment-free or store-and-forward

• Each port supports half- and full-duplex operation

• Sim ultaneous full wire-speed switching on all ports

• RMON support for Statistics, History, Alarm, Host, HostTopN,

Matrix, Filter, Capture and Events

• Full RMON support on a limited number of ports

• Switch routing: IP and IPX protocols

• Spanning tree support on all ports

• Flow control

• Permanent MAC address entries

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Software features

The switch offers the following features:

• Intel Device View for W i ndows* 95, W indows* 98 and W indows

NT* or Intel Device View for Web

• Adaptive forwarding mode

• Local Management via a direct terminal connection or via TEL-

NET

• SNMP Management support

• BOOTP and TFTP support

• Control over user access rights

• Creation of virtual LANs

• Stand-alone (per switch or stack) or distributed (swi tch networ k )

VLAN

• IP Multicast

• RSVP

• ToS (Type of Service)

• IP Filtering

Front Panel

Introduction The LEDs on the front panel show the status of the ports, so you

should position the switch with the front panel facing you. You can also see which ports the cables are connected to on the switch.

View of the front panel The front panel of the switch is shown below:

123 87654

971126 Awaiting Drawing from EBZ

Slot BSlot A

Orange

LEDs

Green

Off

10Mbps

Halfduplex

100Mbps

Green Link Activity

PortStatus

Fullduplex

Orange Disabled Collision

Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Status Temperature RPS

Console

9600-8-N-1

Solid

LEDs Solid Blink

Power

Reset

1675

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Front panel ports

These ports are on the front panel:

Port Function

CONSOLE port (DB-9)

Connects a PC (running a VT100 emulation), a VT100 terminal or a modem to access the built-in Local Management program.

8 x 10/100Base-TX ports (RJ-45)

Connects devices using Unshiel ded T wisted Pair (UTP) cab ling complying to EIA568A Category 5 or ISO/IEC 11801 Category 5 level D.

Slots for modules After removing one or both of the cover plates, the modules can be

inserted to expand the functionality of the switch.

Front panel LED functions The LEDs on the front panel have the following functions:

LED

Shows the status for...

Port LEDs -

The operation of each port.

Green and Orange Status The operation of the switch. Power The internal power supply. Temperature The internal temperature. RPS (redundant

The external, redundant power supply.

power supply)

Buttons The buttons on the front panel have the following functions:

Button name Function

Port Status Shows the operational status of each port. Reset Reset or enter Maintenance Mode or Recov-

ery Mode

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Rear Pa nel

Introduction The rear panel has a cooling fan ou tlet and the main suppl y cable, so

you should position the switch with the rear panel f acing away fro m you.

View of rear panel The rear panel of the switch is shown below:

Input

100-120VAC/2A 200-240VAC/1A 47Hz-63Hz

RedundantPower Supply (RPS)

1741

Rear panel parts The switch’s rear panel has the following parts:

Part Function

Fan outlet Cools the internal circuitry of the switch. Power connection A socket to connect the power cord to the

main supply.

Redundant power supply connector

Connects an external redundant power supply. If the internal power supply fails, the redundant power supply starts immediately.

Installation

Important You must adhere to all local and national regulations governing the

installation and connection of electrical devices when installing the switch.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Before Installation

Contents of the pack Unpack the switch carefully and check that these parts are present:

Item Present?

One Intel Express 550T Rout i ng S wit ch One power cord (suitable for your

power outlet) One moun ting kit One CD-ROM One Console cable One Quick Start One User Guide (you are reading it) Late-breaking News Intel Support Service papers

Check the package contents

If you have not received all of the parts, or any of the parts are damaged, contact your dealer immediately.

Keep all the packaging materials in case you need to repack the switch.

Check all labels Read all labels and rating plates on the switch. If there is any thing that

you do not understand , or if any of th e informati on provided does no t appear to comply with your local or national rules and regulations, consult your dealer before proceeding with the installation.

Essential reading It is important that you read th e following:

• “Late-breaking News”.

This contains essential i nformat ion you sho uld be aware of when installing and using the product; for example, limitations and compatibility issues.

• Warnings and the instructions earlier in this guide.

• The README.TXT file on the CD-ROM. This gives a general

description of the software and specific requirements.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Positioning and Installing the Switch

Allow adequate ventilation The switch contains two fans to air-cool the internal circuitry. The air

is drawn in from the left of the unit and expelled through the outlet grills on the right side and the rear.

To ensure correct airflow, leave 100 mm (4 inc hes) free space on both sides and behind the switch. Do not allow t he intake or outle t grills to become blocked.

On a desktop To install the switch in a desktop environment:

1 Find the four rubber feet in the pack that contains the rack

mounting kit.

2 Remove the backing strip from each of the four feet. 3 Attach the four rubber feet to the underside of the switch (to

ensure that the switch stands firmly).

4 Place the switch on a stable, flat surface. 5 Ensure tha t th e air intake (on the left) and fan outlets (on the

right side and rear ) are not blocked.

Warning The switch’s lifetime and operational reliability can

be seriously degraded by inadequate cooling.

Rack requirements Install the switch in a standard rack in accordance with IEC297 (or

similar); if th e minimum out side mea surements of the rack are 600 x 600mm (23.5 x 23.5inches), you must allow 190mm (7.5 inches) of space at the rear.

Mounting kit The switch is delivered with a kit to attach it to a standard 19-inch

equipment rack (wit h side sup port rai ls). The ki t contains two mounting brackets and four screws (for attaching the brackets to the sides of the switch).

Tools required for positioning in a rack

In addition to the mounting kit, you need the following items to mount the switch in a rack:

• Standard 19-inch rack with side support rails.

• 3 mm screwdriver.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

• Customer-supplied screws for securing the switch in the rack.

Mounting screws are not provided because the required sizes may vary from rack to rack.

In an equipment rack To mount the switch in a standard equipment rack:

1 Attach the mounting bracket marked “ Left” to t he left-hand side

of the switch, and attach the mounting bracket marked “Right” to the right-hand side of the switch, using the four screws provided.

SlotA

971126 Awaiting Drawing from EBZ

SlotB

Orange

Green

LEDs

Halfduplex

10Mbps

Off

Intel Express

Fullduplex

100Mbps

Solid

550T Routing

PortStatus

Switch

Power

Status

Orange

Green

LEDs

Temperature

Disabled

Link

Solid

Collision

Activity

Blink

Reset

RPS

Console

9600-8-N-1

1679

Make sure that you attach the mounting brackets to the correct sides. Otherwise the switch will not align correctly in the equipment rack.

2 If the four rubber feet prevent the switch from standing firmly

on the equipment rack’s side support rails, remove them.

3 Set the switch in the equipment rack, and make sure there is

adequate space for air flow around the switch (see “Allow adequate ventilation ” in “Posit io ni ng and I nstall i ng t he Swit ch”, p.

7).

4 Screw the mounting brackets securely to the equipment rack.

Ambient temperature If the switch is installed in a closed or multi-rack assembly, the oper-

ating ambient temperature of the rack environment may be greater than the ambient temperature of the room. Make sure that the temperature of the rack environment does not exceed the recommended operating temperature for the switch.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Installing a Module

Introduction You can increase the connecti vity options of your switch by installing

a module. Warning Modules are not designed to be installed in, or removed

from, the switch while it is in operation. You must power off the switch before attempting to install or remove a module.

Static-free working area The m odule’s printed circu it board is an Electrostatic Sensitive De-

vice and should be handled only in a static-free working area; otherwise, the printed circuit board may fail or be degraded.

Avoiding damage to the circuit board

If you remove the plate covering the slot on the front of the switch, for example, to install or remove a module, follow this procedure to avoid damage to your printed circuit board:

Warning Do not remove the plate unless the switch is discon-

nected from the main power supply.

1 Disconnect the switch from the main power supply. 2 Ground the switch before you handle the printed circuit board. 3 Connect yourself to a non-painted/non-isolated part of the

grounded switch (for example the back panel) using a wrist strap wi th 1MΩ resistance to ensure that you carry the same electrostatic charge as the enclosure.

4 Remove the plate covering the slot.

Installing a module To install a module:

1 If the switch is already operational, disconn ect it from th e main

power supply.

2 Follow the instructions in “Avoiding damage to the circuit

board” above.

3 Unscrew the screws of the plate covering the slot on the front of

the switch. Save these screws and plate.

4 Insert the module into the slot (following the instructions in the

module’s User Guide). Place your thumbs just beneath the screws on the front panel of the modul e and push in th e module. Secure it using the retaining screws.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Removing the module

To remove a module:

1 If the switch is already operational, disconnect it from the main

power supply.

2 Follow the instructions in “Avoiding damage to the circuit

board” above.

3 Unscrew the screws securing the module. 4 Pull the module gently to disengage the connectors fully from

the socket on the motherboard. Slide the module out completely.

5 Cover the empty module port with the plate and secure using

the screws.

Connecting Other Devices

Introduction Incorrect cabling is often the cause of network configuration prob-

lems

Use shielded cables Shielded cables normally comp ly with EMC and FCC emission lim-

its. Only use unshielded cables when it is explicitly specified in the in-

stallation manual of the device in question.

Cables fo r the LAN Ports Ports on the switch are wired MDI-X, so use the following cable:

If you connect the switch to a... Then use a...

Workstation or server Straight-through cable 1:1 Device with MDI-X ports (for exam-

Crossover cable

ple another Intel switch or hub) Device with MDI ports S traight-throug h cable 1:1

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

RJ-45 connector pin assignments

Connecting a de vice to the RJ-45 ports

The RJ-45 ports on the front of the switch have the following pin assignments:

Pin number Function

1RX+ 2RX3TX+ 6TX-

To connect a workstation compatible with IEEE 802 .3 (Ethernet Version 1.0 and 2.0) or a fast access device (such as a server) to the

switch’s RJ-45 ports using UTP cable (Category 5):

1 Make sure that the device has a 100Mbps (100Base-FX or 10/

100Base-TX) network interface card installed. If not, use your network interface card’s documentation to

install and configure it c orrectly.

2 If your workstation is fitted with an RJ-45 interface then there i s

no problem. However, it is possible to attach to other connector types using an appropriate adapter. For example, use a UTP/ 10Base-FL adapter for fiber connections

3 Connect one end of the UTP cable to an RJ-45 port on the

switch. According to IEEE 802.3, the cable le ngth must not exceed 100

meters (approximately 325 feet).

4 Connect the other end to the 100Base-TX connection on the

device.

Connecting the management PC

To manage the switch from a PC connected directly to the switch, the PC must not use frame tagging. To manage the switch from a PC with IEEE 802.1Q tagged frames, management must be through a device which untags the frames.

Cable fo r the C on sol e Port If you connect a PC (via the Console Port), then use a null-modem ca-

ble.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Connecting the Power

Introduction After connecting the d evi ces to the switch, con nect th e power cabl e.

There are certain practical and safety considerations to be made before powering the switch on.

The Po w er Cable

Ground warning The switch is delivered with a power cable that fits the power sockets

in your countr y. If thi s is no t the case , conta ct your dealer immed iately and ask for the correct power cable.

Power cable wiring color code

The wires in the power cable provided are color coded:

Color Connection

Green and yellow Ground Blue Neutral Brown Live

Important for U K use If the colors of the wires in the power cable provided do not corre-

spond with the markings that identify the terminals in your plug:

1 Make sure that the green and yellow wire is connected to the

terminal marked with the letter E, or with the ground symbol

, or is colored green and yellow.

2 Make sure that the blue wire is connected to the terminal

marked with the letter N or colored black.

3 Make sure that the brown wire is connected to the terminal

marked with the letter L or colored red.

Power supply to a rack If the switch is installed in a rack, make sure the rack’s power supply

socket has a ground connection an d the rack is con nected to a branch supply or a power supply socket with a ground connection.

To avoid overloadi ng the circui t and damagi ng the wiring of the power supply, the power supply to the rack must be adequ ate to c over the extra power consumed by the switch.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Power up

Powering up the switch Follow these steps to power up the switch:

1 Push the female end of the power cable into the main socket (i n

the rear panel); plug the other end into the power supply outlet.

2 Make sure that the Power LED (on the front panel) is green.

If it isn’t green, make sure that the power outlet is working correctly (switched on). If the power outlet is on and the Power LED is not green, then the re i s a fau lt within the switch and you must contact your dealer.

3 Verify that an LED is lit for each of the front panel ports where

a powered on device is connected.

Start-up procedure Immediately after power-up, the following should happen during

start-up:

Stage STATUS LED... Then the switch...

1 Is red Is starting up 2 Turns to steady green Has started successfully

If the Status LED remains red, then the switch has no t started successfully. Try to restart it; if the switch does not sta rt, contact your dealer.

Look at the other front panel LEDs during start-up and check that they are operating correctly.

Port LED s tates The LEDs reflect the state of each port:

LED Indicates

No lights Port enabled, no link. Green, blinking

randomly

Port enabled, RX/TX traffic, link pulse active.

Green, solid Port enabled, link pulse active.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

LED Indicates

Default se ttin gs afte r st artup

Green and Orange both blinking r andomly

Collision detected (with half duplex).

Port enabled, link pulse active. Orange, solid Port disabled by management. Green and Orange both

solid

Port dis abled by a hardware fault, or no

hardware connected.

Once the switch has started successfully, installation is complete and the switch is using its default setti ng (al s o known as default confi guration):

• All ports are enabled.

• All ports operate in auto-negotiation mode.

• Spanning Tree is disabled on all ports.

• Addresses that have been silent for more than 15 minutes are

purged from t he swit ch’s address table (the MAC Add ress Agi ng time).

• No access restrictions to Local Management (Telnet).

• No SNMP restrictions.

• No permanent MAC address entries defined. A permanent entry

is a MAC address that is defined as being permitted only on a certain port. This can be a useful security feature.

• All ports are in the same VLAN (named <System>) and VLAN

mode (Stand-alone mode). VLANs allow you to create virtual networks using specific switch ports, IP addresses, IP subnets and MAC addresses.

• Flow Control is enabled on all ports.

• The connection with Local Management is timed-out after 10

minutes if there has been no input during this period.

After start-up This default confi guration is adequa te for simple wor kgroup environ-

ments to operate in basic switching mode. Although the switch continues to operate without problems, we rec-

ommend that you change cert ain parameters t o suit your own requ irements.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Follow the instructions in Chapter 2 to change the configuration while the switch is opera ting.

Other LEDs on the front panel

Introduction There are three other LEDs and one button on the front panel that

show how the switch is operating:

• Status LED

• Temperature LED

• Redundant Power Supply (RPS) LED

• Port Status button

LED colors and their meanings

The LEDs give information about the state of the switch:

LED Color Meaning

Status Green Solid: The switch is operating norm ally.

Blinking (1 Hz): Updating software or running in recovery mode.

Blinking (5 Hz): Running in maintenance mode.

Red The switch is resetting, or either hard-

ware or software errors are detected.

Temperature Green Normal operating temperature.

Orange Temperature is higher than normal.

Check that the area around the ai r in takes and vents are clear of obstructions.

Red Temperature is too high and the switch

will shut down.

RPS Green Off: No RPS connected.

Solid: RPS connected, but not needed.

Orange Normal power supply has failed and the

RPS has taken over.

C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 550T Routing Switch

Port Status button

To see the speed and duplex set tings of al l the po rts, press the Port

Status

button. The function of the port LEDs changes for a period

of 5 seconds, where they have the following meaning:

LED Color Meaning

Left (Speed) Green Off: 10Mbps

Solid: 100Mbps

Right (Duplex)

Orange Off: Half duplex

Solid: Full duplex

In this chapter This chapter covers the following topics.

Intel Device View

Topic See Page

System Requirements 18 Installation and Removal 19 Using Intel Device View 20 Installing and Managing Switches 26 Device Tree 29 Device View (Main Display) 31 Explorer 37

Diagnostics Window 37 Trap Window 38 System Window 39 Errors Window 40

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

System Requireme nts

Requirements f or Inte l Device View under Windows

You need a PC with the following minimum requirements to run Intel Device View:

• Microsoft Windows NT workstation or server, version 4.0, or

Microsoft Windows 95 or Microsoft Windows 98. (Windows NT 4.0 English language version workstation recommended.)

• A network adapter installed.

• 30 MB of free hard disk space.

• A color display with 800 x 600 resolution and 256 colors.

• The Microsoft IP protocol must be installed and configured

before installation of Intel Device View.

DHCP limitation Three important things to know:

• Do not use a PC running Windows NT server (with its DHCP

server installed) to run Intel Device View.

• Ensure the IP address for the PC is not changed by the DHCP

server.

Management PC restrictions

Requirements f or Inte l Device View on the Web server

• PCs that use a network management system that uses BootP,

DHCP or SNMP Trap Receiving, may have their network management system disabled by Intel Device View.

You need a PC with the following minimum requirements to run Intel Device View:

• One of the following running: Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 Server

with Internet Information Server (IIS) 2.0 or later; or Windows NT Workstation with Peer Web Services.

• 30 MB of free hard disk space.

• The Microsoft IP protocol must be installed and configured

before installation of Intel Device View.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Web server rest rictions

Requirements f or Inte l Device View on the Web client

Requirements f or Inte l Device View with plugin

To manage the switch from a web server connected directly to the switch, the web server must not use frame tagging. To manage the switch from a web server with IEEE 802.1Q tagged frames , management must be through a device which untags the frames.

To run Intel Device View, the client requires:

• Microsoft Internet Explorer (4.00) running on Windows 95 or

Windows 98 or Windows NT 4.0.

• A color display with a minimum o f 80 0 x 6 00 resolution and 256

colors.

To run Intel Device View with a plugin , the PC must be r unning HP OpenView* or Intel LANDesk Manager.

Installation and Removal

To start the installation of Intel Device View

Normally, the Setup program for Intel Device Vie w will start automatically after you insert the compact disc (CD) in your CD ROM drive. However, if it does no t, us e the sta ndard Win dows procedur es for installing programs. A screen similar to the one below is displayed:

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

T o insta ll Intel Device Vie w for Windows

Click Install Windows and follow the on-screen instructions. When the installatio n is complete, Intel Device View will start auto-

matically when “Launch Intel Device View” is selected.

T o insta ll Intel Device Vie w for Web

Click Install Web and follow the on-screen instructions. When the installation is complete, Intel Device View will start automatically when “Launch Intel Device View” is selected.

T o insta ll Intel Device Vie w when using HP OpenView* or Intel LANDesk

Manager

Click Install Plugin and follow the on-screen instructions. When the installatio n is complete, Intel Device View starts automat-

ically when “Launch Intel Device View” is selected.

Removal of Intel Device View

Removal under Windows To remove Intel Device View under Windows:

1 Close all Intel Device View programs. 2 Use standard Windows procedures to uninstall Intel Device

View.

Using Intel Device View

Concept Intel Device View configures all the parameters on your switch, or

group of switches known from here on as a stack, (via SNMP) and monitors their activities.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Navigating through Intel Device View

The Intel Device View window

Basic menu bar commands

Many commands are available from within Intel Device View. These are best accessed using mouse actions. However, Windows users c an also access most of them through the menu bar.

There are three sections:

• Device Tree — displays the separate branches on your LAN,

including a branch showing all unconfigured devices.

• Interactive picture of the switch, or stack — shows the port state

or the Explorer, which provides port and VLAN details for the switch or stack.

• Information section — provides details about diagnostics, traps,

errors and the system. Using this window, you can show activity statistics for the switch (or the stack) and for individual ports.

Before a switch is contacted

Before a switch or stack is contacted, the following commands are available through the menu bar. The toolbar buttons are for users using Intel Device View in Windows.

File menu This contains one command, Exit which enabl es you to exi t the Intel

Device View. When a switch or stack is open and the configuration has been changed and not saved to the Flash Memory as the permanent configurati on, yo u are asked i f you want to save th e new conf iguration before exiting.

Device menu The Device menu contains the following switch commands:

• Install — enables you to install a new device, which does not

have an IP address, in Intel Device View. Can also be accessed by selecting .

• Manage — enables a switch or stack that has an IP address

already assigned to be managed or configured. Can also be accessed by selecting .

• Discover — enables you to set up how the Device T r ee discover s

devices and users. Note: do not leave the Subnet Mask blank or set to 0.0.0.0, as

Intel Device View will continually broadcast device discovery messages to all networks and use bandwidth.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

• A list of IP addresses — contains the last eight switches success-

fully contacted from Intel Device View. These can be used to manage the switch.

View menu — for Windows users only

The View menu allows you to customize the Intel Device View display to your own preferences: the Toolbar and Status Bar can be switched on and off.

Monitoring menu This menu gives access to set t he Default Preferences for Intel Device

View, see “Setting the Preferences”, p. 24.

Tools menu The Tools menu has the following commands:

• Ping — sends ICMP echo packets to the switch. Can also be

accessed by selecting .

• A Report Manager — uploads reports, logs and the parameter

block from the switch. Can also be accessed by selecting .

• A Recovery Manager — regains control of your switch if you

have lost contact. This is described in “Recovery Manager”, p.

107.

• A DNS-IP conversion tool converts DNS names to IP addresses.

These are described in de tail, together with switc h specific tools, in the Chapter “Managing the Switch”, p. 79.

Help menu The Help menu ha s the following commands for the switch:

• Help for Intel Device View. Can also be accessed by selecting the

• Help for switch specific topics.

Help icon then clicking on the feature of interest

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

After a Switch or Stack is Contacted

Commands When Intel Device View contacts a switch, the basic commands are

supplemented with :

• Local Management access — provides Telnet access to monitor-

ing functions embedded in the switch.

• RMON facility — gathers information about the network traffic,

monitors traffic on subnets and enables you to define alarms on the individual ports.

• Stack Synchronization Manager (for stacks only) — enables you

to establish a stack from a group of switches connected via a Matrix Module, or add a swi tc h to an existing stack and then synchronize their configurations.

• Switch Position Organizer (for stacks only) — enables you to

move the switches displayed on screen around in the stack.

• Color Code Matrix Ports (for stacks only) — colors the individ-

ual ports on the Matrix Module. This simplifies the task of tracing cables, as the ports on the Stack Interface Modules become the same color as the corresponding Matrix Module port.

• A color coding chart for Intel Device View to show the states of

switch’s LEDs

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Setting the Preferences

Setting the polling intervals

The polling intervals det ermine how often Intel Device View contacts the switch or stack and updates the status and infor mation displayed. To change the polling parameters:

1 Select Monitoring>Preferences.

2 Click Polling or Monitor. 3 If you want the polling to happen more frequently than just on

opening, click

Periodically.

4 Move the Interval slider to the requ ired time. 5 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Setting the timeout parameters for SNMP

The timeout determines the intervals between polling and the number of times the req uest is retr ied if a de vice is not r esponding. T o change the timeout parame ters:

1 Select Monitoring>Preferences. 2 Click Timeouts.

3 Change the values.

Setting the community for SNMP polling

4 Click OK.

The community for SNMP polling determines access rights. To change the community:

1 Select Monitoring>Preferences. 2 Click Community.

3 Type the new community name.

4 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Installing and Managing Switches

Following installation of Intel Device View

Adding new s w itches To add new switches (that have not been assigned an IP address) to

The Install Wizard The Install Wizard requires that you enter a minimum amount of in-

After installing Intel Device View, you can add new switches, establish or expand stacks of switches, and manage existin g switches and stacks.

Intel Device View, select will start and guide you through the installation.

formation to set up the switch fo r management by Intel Device View.

To select th e correct new device, yo u need to know the device’s MAC address. You can find this on a label on the rear panel of the device. You must assign an IP address (and subnet mask) to the switch on your Local Area Network (LAN).

Device>Install. The Install Wizard

Intel Device View uses this address for configuration and management purposes.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Matrix Module connected to a new switch

When the Install wizard detects that a new switch is connected to a Matrix Module, a message in forms that you must decide ho w to manage the switch.

If you want to manage it separately, the installation is completed and the switch is displayed in the Intel Device View window. If you wan t to manage it as part o f a stack, you have th e opportunity t o assign consecutive IP addresses in the next dialog.

Managing an existing switch or stack

The Synchronization Wizard completes the installation. The complete stack, including the new switch, t hen appears in the Intel Device View window. The Synchronization wizard is described in detail in

“Stack Synchronization Manager”, p. 108.

To manage a switch or stack that h as an IP add ress already assigned:

1 Select Device>Manage The Manage dialog box appears. 2 Type in the switch’s IP Address or MAC address.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

3 Select the box if you want to open the switch in a new Intel

Device View window.

4 Click OK.

Establishi ng and expanding a stack

If you connect switches that already have IP addresses assigned together via a Matri x Modu le, you can ma nage the m as a stack . To create or expand an existing stack:

1 Select Device>Manage, and the Manage dialog opens. 2 Type in the IP Address or MAC address of one of the switches.

All the switches connected via the Matrix Module are di splayed in this window, even switches that are already configured as a stack.

3 If the switches don’t have compatible software, the Upgrade

4 Select Stack Mana ge me nt . 5 Select OK. The Upgrade W izard st arts a utomatica lly i f soft ware

box is checked. If one or more of the switches aren’t configured, the Configure IP address box is check.

needs to be upgraded.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Device Tree

Introduction The Device Tree displays the separate subnets on your LAN as

branches in a tree. This includes a branch that shows all the unconfigured devices on the LAN.

Identifying devices The Device Tree uses several ic ons to rep resent the i ndividual devic-

es:

Icons Device Description

Recognized as a switch. Recognized as a router. Recognized as a hub. Device contacted, but not recognized. Lost contact with device.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Installing and managing switches

Right mouse button commands

Double clicking the switch’s IP address or MAC address opens e xisting switches in the Intel Device View window, or start s the Install Wizard for new switches.

By positioning t he mouse point er in th e Device Tr ee and cl icking th e right mouse button, the following functions are available:

Functions Description

(without a device selected) View

IP Address Sorts the devices by their IP addresses. Name Sorts the devices by their DNS names.

Add Device If a device has not been auto-detected

then you can add it to the tree. You need to know its IP address.

Find Locates a specific device by searching for

its IP address.

Refresh Polls the network and redisplays the tree.

If a new device has been connected, it

will appear after a refresh. (additional functions with a device selected) Launch With Opens the switch in In tel Device View. Delete Removes a device from the Device Tree. Edit Change the name, community settings

(read and write) and polling rate of the

device. RMON

Statistics Provides subnet management statistics. History Lists monitored traffic on a subnet. Alarms Enables activity alarms to be set. Logs Sets events defined by Log, Trap or Log

and Trap.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Device View (Main Display)

Switch contacted When Intel Device View contacts t he switch or st ack, the front (inter-

face side) of the switch or stack is displayed.

This view provides a real-time v iew of the switch, or stack and ports, which behave in the same way as the physical switch. For example, the LEDs change color acc ording to the stat e of the switch/stack. You can fully manage the switch or stack using this display.

Mouse moves Using a mouse makes it easier to operate Intel Device View and saves

you time:

Mouse action Information

Right-click switch Shows the switch-related men us for

configuration and monitoring.

Right-click stack border Shows the stack-related menus for

configuration and monitoring.

Right-click a port S hows the port-related menus for

configuration and monitoring. Double left-click switch Opens the Device Setup menu. Double left-click a port Opens that port’s Setup menu.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Right mouse button commands f or a sing le switch

Right click a single switch and Intel Device View offers:

Functions Description

Device Setup Displays comprehensive information

about the switch’s overall setup.

VLAN/Routing Setup Provides an overview of existing VLANs

and the opportunity to add new ones or change existing ones.

IP Filtering Setup Defines user groups and filter the packets

sent to them.

Device Information Informs you about the type of switch, its

location, who is responsible for it and the amount of time passed since the switch was restarted.

Port Overview Gives detailed monitoring information for

each port.

Device Activity Displays, in a graph fo rm a t, information

about the activity on the ports.

VLAN Displays monitoring information and the

status of the VLAN links.

IP Routing Provides information about the IP ro ut ing

links and networks, and the number of packets sent via the different IP protocols.

IPX Routing Provides information about the IPX rout-

ing links and networks, and t he numb er of packets sent via the IPX protocols.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Functions Description

Device Reboots the switch and provides informa-

Configuration Ensures the switch’s configuration is safe

Monitoring Provides comprehensive details for Span-

tion about the firmware in the switch. Also

enables the switch’s firmware to be upgraded.

by saving it to the flash memory, by backing up to disk and by being able to restore it again should it be lo st. If necessary, the switch can be returned to the factory default configuration.

ning Tree statistics and RMON facilities, as well as Hardware information and an Access Overview.

Right mouse button commands f or a stack border

When managing a stack of switches, r ight cl ick the stack border and Intel Device View offers:

Functions Description

Stack Setup Displays compr eh ensive information

about the switch’s overall setup.

VLAN/Routing Setup Provides an overview of existing VLANs

and the opportunity to add new ones or change existing ones.

IP Filtering Setup Defines user groups and filters the packets

sent to them.

Stack Health Monitor Provides the IP addresses for all the

switches in the stack, the type of switch and whether they are responding to ping.

IntraStack Traffic Gives information about the traffic

through the Matrix Module.

System Information Gives the name and location of the stack,

together with a contact name and the length of time the stack has been running.

Stack Activity Displays as graphs monitoring information

of traffic on the ports in the stack.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Functions Description

Port Overview Provides port performance, packet distri-

Device Enables you to reboot the stack and pro-

Configuration Ensures the stack’s configuration is safe

Monitoring Provides Hardware information about the

bution and spanning tree informa ti on fo r all the ports in the stack.

vides information about the firmware in the switches.

by saving it to the flash memory, by backing up to disk and by being able to restore it again should it be lo st. If necessary, the stack can be returned to the factory default configuration.

separate switches in the stacks and the access rights to the devices on the LAN.

Right mouse button commands for a switch in a stack

Tools Gives access to the Synchronization Man-

age, the Switch Position Organizer and Color Code Matr ix Ports function.

When managing a stack o f switches, right cl ick a switch and Int el Device View offers:

Functions Description

IP and Name Setup Displays the switch’s IP address and Sub-

net mask.

Device Activity Displays, in a graph fo rm a t, information

about the activity on the ports in the switch selected.

Spanning Tree Provides statistics about the Spanning

Tree on the selected switch.

VLAN Displays monitoring information and the

status of the VLAN links.

IP Routing Provides information about the IP ro ut ing

links and networks, and the number of packets sent via the different IP protocols.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Functions Description

IPX Routing Provides information about the IPX rout-

Device Restarts the switch and provides informa-

Configuration Ensures the switch’s configuration is safe

Monitoring Displays, as a graph, the activity on all the

ing links and networks, and t he numb er of packets sent via the IPX protocols.

tion about the fi rm ware in the switch.

by saving it to the flash memory.

ports in the switch and RMON facilities.

Right mouse button commands f or a port

Right click a single port and Intel Device View offers:

Functions Description

Port Setup Displays the port status, the speed and

duplex settings, an d spa nni ng tr ee sett i ngs. Add Port to VLAN Adds the port to a VLAN. Port Details Displays comprehensive performance, dis-

tribution and spanning tree details. Port Activity Displays, as a graph, the activity on the

port. VLAN Port Monitor-

ing

Provides details about the MAC and IP

addresses on the VLANs. RMON Statistics Provides RMON statistics for the selected

port.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Color coding

The switch and ports are displayed in different colors:

Color Means

Switch Body

Gray The switch is operational (the soft-

ware is loaded and running) and it can be contacted by Intel Device View via the network.

Dark blue That switch is selected, and various

device-specific parameters can be changed using the right-mouse button.

Ports Dark green Port enabled, but no plug connected.

Light green Port enabled and plug connected. Brown Port disabled by management or a

hardware error.

Dark blue That port is selected, and various

port-specific parameters can be changed using the right-mouse button.

Purple Port mirroring is enabled here.

Stack border Dark blue The stack is selected, and various

stack-specific parameters can be changed using the right-mouse button.

Everything; switches, ports and stack border

Light blue Intel Device View has lost contact

with the devices (for example, the switch or your PC is disconnected from the LAN).

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Explorer

Intel Device View Explorer The Explorer within Intel Device View displays management infor-

mation, for example VLANs on this switch and other switches.

If a switch is disabled or not operational, it is displayed with a red cross through it. General management inf ormation for the swi tch is accessed from the Monitoring menu.

Intel Device View Diagnostics

Diagnostics Window

The Diagnostics window helps you troubleshoot the switch/stack to get it working properly in case of problems.

The Diagnostics window lists any problems detected by the switch/ stack and notes the level of the problem (f atal error, error or note) and the port on which the error occurred. Messages are automatically cleared from the list when the problem no longer exists

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Right mouse button commands

Right click a message and Intel Device View offers:

Functions Description

Details Displays a diagnostic details window that

describes the problem and gives a possible solution.

Refresh Reloads and updates all the diagnostic

information. Clear Clears all the messages displayed. Use Color Coding Displays the messages in different colors,

depending on their severity.

Diagnostic details window This window provides comprehensive details of the error.

Trap Window

Traps window The Traps window displays all traps generated by the switch.

Color coding Traps are generated by the switch for many events, both normal and

errors. Traps displayed in Intel Device View are color coded according to the severity of the trap.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Right mouse button commands

Right click a message and Intel Device View offers:

Functions Description

Refresh Reloads and updat es all the infor mation i n

this window. Clear Clears all the messages displayed. Properties Enables color coding to be switched on

and off and define maximum number of

messages displayed.

System Window

System window The System window contains a log o f all the major switch e vents with

date and times (for example, return to factory default, filter entry settings, modules inserted in slots).

Right mouse button commands

Right click a message and Intel Device View offers:

Functions Description

Refresh Reloads and updat es all the infor mation i n

this window. Clear Clears all the messages displayed. Pause Pauses the normal updating of informati on

in this window.

C H A P T E R 2 Intel Device View

Errors Window

Errors window The Errors window is a log of all error messages generated by the

switch.

Right mouse button commands

Right click a message and Intel Device View offers:

Functions Description

Refresh Reloads and updat es all the infor mation i n

this window. Clear Clears all the messages displayed. Pause Pauses the normal updating of informati on

in this window.

Standard

In this chapter Configuration is th e way we chan ge t he set up o f the swi tc h or stack.

Configuration

In this chapter you will find all the instructions you need to change setups that affect the switch, or stack, and the ports.

Topic

Changing the Setup of the Switch or Stack

Changing the Setup of the Port 57

In chapter 4 you will find instructions to integrate VLANs and routing into your setup.

See Page

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Changing the Setup of the Switch or Stack

Improving switch security To restrict the use of the switch or stack, you can:

• Change the administrator password for local management.

• Change the user password for local management.

• Limit access to Local Management via the Console port and/or

Telnet.

• Specify a time of “no input”, after which the connection with

Local Management is terminated.

• Change the password for moving files with TFTP.

• Specify use of TFTP.

• Restrict access to include only the stations named on the Authen-

tications list.

Using the mouse There are two ways to access the Device Setup (for single switch-

es) or

• Double-click the switch or the stack border.

• Right-click the switch or the stack border.

Stack Setup window:

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

System

Identifying the switch To assist with switch identification and administration, you can

change certain switch details (name, location and contact person). With a switch or stack in the Device View window:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup.

Click System.

3 Change the details. 4 Click OK.

These details are used by SNMP management centers.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Internet Protocol

Changing IP details To change the main IP address and network mask:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click IP.

3 Change the details. 4 Click OK.

This is used to contact the switch via IP (TFTP, SNMP, TELNET etc.) protocols.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Local Time

Setting the date and clock to local time

To change the clock in the switch to your lo cal time:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Date/Time.

3 Click Insert Current PC Date/Time to show the present

settings. If this is satisfactory, click

OK.

Note The clock displays the time at which it is accessed

and not the current time.

4 If the time or the date is not satisfactory, click the date and/or

time opti ons and type the new time and date.

5 Click OK.

Authentication

Purpose SNMP is a fully de fine d, i nt er ope ra ti ve standard that helps you man-

age both the switch and the network. To do this you can:

• Specify the names of the hosts to access the SNMP agent on the

switch (authentication) by defining the source IP and community

• Specify read-write or read-only for authenticated hosts

• Request a trap to be sent if authentication is violated

Note If no hosts are defined in the Authentication List, any host

can access the SNMP agent in the switch.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Security

The authentications list defines the hosts that can carry out SNMP, TFTP or Telnet management on the switch, have read-write or readonly rights and access to communities. You can:

• Add a new entry to the list

• Dele te a n entry

• Edit existing entries

Adding a device To add a host that i s al l owed to carry out management on the switch:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Authentications.

3 Click Send trap when authentication violation.

4 Click Add. 5 In IP address, type the IP address of the device to manage

6 Click Protocol and select one. 7 Click Rights and specify the leve l of access to the switch 8 For SNMP only, click Community and type the SNMP request

A message will be sent to the

Traps window if unauthorized

hosts try to carry out management on the switch.

the switch. You can have a maximum of eight addresses in the list. The

address 0.0.0.0 indicates that all IP addresses are accepted.

name accepted by the SNMP agent. If no community name is specified, all community names are

accepted by the SNMP agent.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

9 Click OK.

Traps

Purpose A trap alerts you of events occurring in the switch. The traps list

shows where SNMP traps (generated by the switch) are sent. You can:

• Add a new entry to the list

• Dele te a n entry

• Edit existing entries

Adding a trap Note If there are no entries in the Traps list, then no SNMP traps

are sent.

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Traps.

3 Click Add. 4 Type the Destination IP address, or click This PC. 5 Type the community (SNMP password).

6 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Permanent Entries

Purpose Enables you to allocate a port to a device t hat does not send out dev ice

information. These devices are not removed from the switch’s address table, regardless of how long they are quiet. This is useful for connections to printers and other similar devices. You can:

• Add a new entry to the list

• Dele te a n entry

• Edit existing entries

Adding a Permanent Entry To add a device to the switch’s address table:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Permanent Entries.

3 Click Add. 4 Type the device’s MAC address. 5 Click Port number and select one. A permanent entry is

6 Click OK.

only made on the defined port.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Link Aggregation

Purpose Combines two or four adjacent ports to increase the bandwidth be-

tween two switches or stacks. You can:

• Add a new entry to the list

• Dele te a n entry

Adding an Aggregate Link To set up and add an aggregate link:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Link Aggregation.

3 Click Add. 4 For a stack, click Switch and select one from the list. 5 Click Aggregation width: and select 2 Ports or 4

Ports

6 Click Anchor Port and select a port. 7 Type a unique name for the link. 8 Click OK. For further configuration of a link, for example in a

VLAN, use the Anchor Port.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Port Mirroring

Purpose Provides a facility to debug or monitor traffic on a specific port, by

duplicating th e traffic an d sending it to a speci fied port. Only one pair of ports can be mirrored per switch. Within Port Mirroring, you can:

• Add a new entry to the list

• Dele te a n entry

• Edit existing entries

Important When a switch has Port Mirroring enabled, the switch cannot collect

RMON data from the RMON groups 4 to 8.

Adding Port Mirroring To add a mirrored port to a switch:

Note If Port Mirroring is ena bled, the source po rt will be in store-

and-forward mode. Therefor e, Runt s, C RCs, et c. wil l not be forwarded or mirrored.

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Port Mirroring.

3 Click Add. 4 For a stack, click Switch and select one. 5 Click Reflect from and select the port that you want. 6 Click Reflect to and select the port to where the traffic can

7 Click OK.

be debugged/monitored.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Local Management

Changing password details

The administrator has read-write access at all levels. The user can read the monitoring screens, but can not chang e the configurat ion, update software or r eset th e station . To p revent unauthor ized person nel changing configurations:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Local Management.

3 You can change the passwords for the Administrator and User. 4 Type the old password. 5 Type the new password. 6 Retype the new password (in Retype new). 7 Click OK.

Changing timeout details When ther e has been no input during thi s period, the connecti on with

Local Management is terminated. To change the timeout interval:

1 Select Configuration>Device Setup. 2 Click Local Management. 3 Type the new time. 4 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

TFTP

Changing password details

Changing the MAC address ageing time

To give added security, you can limit the number of staff authorized to transfer TFTP file s by changing the TFTP password. To change the password:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click TFTP. 3 Type the old password. 4 Type the new password. 5 Retype the new password (in Retype new). 6 Select OK.

Switching

To change the time a MAC address is kept in the filter before being purged:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup.

Click Switching.

3 Click MAC Address Ageing. 4 Type the required number of minutes. 5 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Changing the flow control

Changing the default forwar di ng mod e

Flow control prevents the loss of frames during busy periods. Note that the individual port settings overrule the default setting. To change the default flow mechanism on all ports:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Switching. 3 Click Default Flow Control. 4 Click Enabled or Disabled. 5 Click OK.

To change the forwarding mode to be used on all ports:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Switching. 3 Click Default Switch Forwarding Mode. 4 Click the default forwarding mode you want. 5 Click OK.

Enable forward learn packets mode

When this mode is enabled, all packets are forwarded. However, if there is not enough memory in the switch, due to heavy load, the

packet is discarded . When t his mode is disa bled, on ly “IPX Get server” request packets are forwarded. To enable or disable this mode:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Switching. 3 Check the box to enable this mode. 4 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Adaptive Forwarding Mode

Purpose You can:

• Change the Sample Time

• Define the minimum and maximum errors acceptable before

changing the forwarding mode

Note While CRC errors and runts are the most likely parameters

to cause the switching mode to ch ange, they are not the onl y ones.

Changing the time to measure errors

The sample time should be the shortest time needed to detect errors. If the sample time is too great, there may be too many errors before the forwarding mode changes. To chang e the t ime the switch ret ai ns error counters:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Switching. 3 Click Advanced.

4 Click Sample Time. 5 Type the required number of seconds. 6 Click OK.

Changing number of errors before adaptive forwarding mode operates

Adaptive forwardin g changes the f orwarding mode d epending on th e upper and lower limits of specifi c error types. To change the number of upper and lower limits:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Switching. 3 Click Advanced.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

4 Click the required parameter. 5 Type the percentage of errors or runts. 6 Click OK.

Spanning Tree

Purpose You can change the:

• Priority given to the switch

• Maximum length of time information is retained by the switch

• Time between tra nsmitted Configura tion BPDUs

• Time the switch spends in the Listening and Learning states

Warning when using VLANs

It is important to be aware of problems that may arise when using Spanning Tree and VLANs. The Spanning Tree can use alternative paths (such as different ports) to get messages to their destination.

VLAN STP

123 87654

SlotBSlotA

VLAN

SlotBSlotA

Orange

LEDs

Green

Off

10Mbps

Halfduplex

IntelExpress

Solid

100Mbps

Fullduplex

550TRouting

PortStatus

Switch

Power

Status

Orange

LEDs

Green

Temperature

Solid

Link

Disabled

Reset

Blink

Activity

Collision

RPS

Orange

LEDs

Green

Off

10Mbps

Halfduplex

IntelExpress

Solid

100Mbps

Fullduplex

550TRouting

PortStatus

Switch

Status

Orange

LEDs

Green

Temperature

Solid

Link

Disabled

Blink

Activity

Collision

RPS

Switch 1

Console

9600-8-N-1

Power

Reset

Console

Switch 2

9600-8-N-1

123 87654

Orange

LEDs

Green

Off

10Mbps

Halfduplex

IntelExpress

Solid

100Mbps

Fullduplex

550TRouting

PortStatus

Switch

Power

Status

Orange

LEDs

Green

Temperature

Solid

Link

Disabled

Reset

Blink

Activity

Collision

RPS

Console

9600-8-N-1

SlotBSlotA

Orange

LEDs

Green

Off

10Mbps

Halfduplex

IntelExpress

Solid

100Mbps

Fullduplex

550TRouting

PortStatus

Switch

Power

Status

Orange

LEDs

Green

Temperature

Solid

Link

Disabled

Reset

Blink

Activity

Collision

RPS

Console

9600-8-N-1

1684

The diagram above, shows two switches. On th e l eft, we see the two switches connected and the por t s ar e grou ped i n t wo VLANs: A and B. On the right, we have enabled ST P; ST P blocks t he pat h bet ween X and Z (to avoid looping) and, theref ore, dest roys t he VLAN setup (because VLAN B needs these ports to receive messages).

Why change these from their defaults?

The switch is deli vered with Spanning Tr ee default values set to those recommended by the IEEE 8 02.1d standard. These values are conservative worst-case estimates for LANs consisting of a large number of switches. Therefore, changing these default values may improve the performance of your netw ork.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Changing the spanning tree priority

The higher the value, the lower the chance of the switch being used as the root bridge. To change the priority value:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Spanning Tree.

3 Click Priority.

Changing the message age expiry time

Changing the hello expiry time

4 Type the required value. 5 Click OK.

To change the maximu m time between pro tocol informatio n being received and discarded:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Spanning Tree. 3 Click Message Age Timer Expiry. 4 Type the required number of seconds. 5 Click OK.

To change the time between transmissions of configuration BPDUs from a switch that is, or a ttempting to become, the root:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Spanning Tree. 3 Click Hello Timer Expiry. 4 Type the required number of seconds.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

5 Click OK.

Changing the forward delay expiry time

Changing the state of the ports

To change the time between port states while the bridge attempts to become the root:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Spanning Tree. 3 Click Forward Delay Timer Expiry. 4 Type the required number of seconds. 5 Click OK.

To specify that all ports are using Spanning Tree Protocol:

1 Select Device Setup or Stack Setup. 2 Click Spanning Tree. 3 Click Enable All Ports.

The ports are able to resolve problematic network loops using STP.

4 Click OK.

Changing the Setup of the Port

Purpose You can configure the port to op erate in d ifferent ways, a ccording to

your network’s requirements:

• Change the port state

• S elect the auto-ne gotiation mode

• Change each port to half or full duplex

(If auto-negotiation is not enabled)

• Specify the speed of the port

(If auto-negotiation is not enabled)

• Change the forwarding mode of the port

• Change the flow control setting of the port

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

• Specify the spanning tree

Using the mouse There are two ways to access the Port Setup window:

• Double-click the port

• Right-click on the port, and click Port Setup

General Changes

Renaming a port To give a port a new name, for example, i ts use or the user(s) connec t-

ed:

1 Click the port you want to rename. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click General.

4 In Description, type the new name. 5 Click OK.

Location for a port To specify the location (for example, an office number or depart-

ment) of the device attached to a port:

1 Click the port you want to give a home to. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click General. 4 In Location, type where the device is. 5 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Port Mode

Disabling the port If you disable the port, the devices attached to it cannot use the

switch. The MAC address of those devices are removed from the

switch’s address table. If those addresses are defined as permanent entries, they are not purged but are unable to use the switch. To disable the port:

1 Click the port you want to disable. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Port Mode.

4 Click Enable Port.

If there is a check mark in the box, the port is operational. If the box is empty, the port is disabled.

5 Click OK.

Disabling auto-negotiation To disable auto-negotiation, and reset the speed to the values speci-

fied in

1 Click the port you want to disable auto-negotiation. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Port Mode. 4 Click Enable Auto-negotiation.

Speed:

If there is a check mark in the box, the port automatically detects the line-speed and duplex setting. If the box is empty, auto-negotiation is disabled and the port uses the values specified in

Duplex and Speed.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

5 Click OK.

Changing duplex mode To change the port’s duplex mode (when auto-negotiation is dis-

abled):

1 Click the port you want to change. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Port Mode. 4 Click Half Duplex or Full Duplex.

Half allows either transmission or receipt of the data and Full allows both transmission and receipt of the data.

5 Click OK.

Changing the port speed To change the speed a port accepts data (when auto-negotiation i s dis-

abled):

Changing the forwarding mode on a port

1 Click the port you want to change. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Port Mode. 4 Click Speed 10 or Speed 100.

10 limits data entering to 10Mbps and 100 allows data speeds

up to 100Mbps.

5 Click OK.

To change the forwarding mode to be used on a port:

1 Click the port you want to change. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Port Mode. 4 In Switch Forwarding Mode, click the forwarding mode

you want.

Default uses the same forwarding mode as specified in Device Setup.

Click OK.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

Changing the flow control on a port

Flow control prevents the loss of frames during busy periods. To change the flow mechanism on a port:

Note This feature is over-ridden by disabling the flow control set-

1 Click the port you want to change. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Port Mode. 4 In Flow Control, click the flow control you want.

Default uses the same flow control as specified in Device Setup.

Click OK.

Port Specific Spanning Tree

Purpose You can:

ting in

Device Setup>Switching.

Changing the state of a port

• View the Spanning Tree setups for the port

• Specify whether STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) is enabled on the

port

• Define which ports are going to be used most frequently

To specify that a port is using STP:

1 Click the port you want to change. 2 Select Port Setup.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

3 Click Spanning Tree.

4 Click Enable spanning tree on this port.

If there is a check mark in the box, the port is used in STP. If the box is empty, the port is not used in STP.

Changing the cost of the path

Changing priority of the port in the spanning tree

5 Click OK.

The higher the cost, the lower the chance of this port being used for forwarding traffic, if there is an alternative route. When possi ble, give a port a low cost if it is connected to a faster network segment. To change the overall cost of the path between a port and the segment:

1 Click the port you want to change. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Spanning Tree. 4 Select the Port status box. 5 In Path cost, type the required value. 6 Click OK.

The higher the value, the lower the cha nce of th is por t being used as the designated or root port. To change the priority value:

1 Click the port you want to change. 2 Select Port Setup. 3 Click Spanning Tree. 4 Select the Port status box.

C H A P T E R 3 Standard Configuration

5 In Priority, type the required value.

If there are two ports with the same value, the port with the lowest port number is chosen.

6 Click OK.

Advanced

In this chapter In this chapter you will le arn how to use Advanced Configura tion ef-

Configuration

fectively. This chapter covers the V i rtual LAN (VLAN), Routing and IP Filtering features.

You can create logical network groups (VLANs) by segmenting the switch; for example, according to the su bnettin g scheme wit hin your network. Each VLAN is an isolated group and the switch only forwards traffic between members of the same group. Communication between groups can be implemented using routers.

Routing can be implemented using an external router or the internal routing feature. The switch can run either stand-alone or distributed VLANs. For single switches using stand-alone VLANs, the local configuration (for example, ports) must be configured on each switch. This does not apply to a stack. For distributed VLANs, the global configuration of MAC and IP addresses is automatically distributed. Local policies are distributed within a stack, regardless of the VLAN mode.

IP Filtering enables selective filtering of data traffic. It is available when you are routing between nets or VLANs. It enables you to send data packets to specific workstations or user groups across the VLANs.

Note This switch is able to forward tagged frames from devices

supporting IEEE 802.1p/Q. These frames are only forwarded to ports that are in the same VLAN.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

However, IP policies cannot be used for devices using tagged VLANs and IP learning is not p ossible . In add ition to t his, tagged frames cannot be routed between VLANs.

VLANs (Virtual LANs)

Purpose You can use VLANs to:

• Create up to 128 separate user groups

• Limit broadcast and multicast traffic

• Increase security by limiting communication between groups

• Allocate network resources (such as servers) to groups

For a more comprehensive explanation of the VLAN concept, refer to the online help.

Warning when using STP It is important to be aware of problems that may arise when using

Spanning Tree and VLANs. The Spanning Tree can use alternative paths (such as different ports) to get messages to their destination. VLANs specify which ports can receive messages (see “Spanning

Tree”, p. 55). Warning When using the Spanning Tree facility, use only one

VLAN. If you use two or more VLANs, unexpected changes in your network topology may occur.

Policy-based VLANs The swi tch or stack uses “Policy-based VLANs”. This means that the

devices attached to t he swit ch/s t ack can be grouped by any combi nation of MAC address, IP address, IP net and port number; therefore, devices can belong to one or more VLANs.

Policy hierarchy To avoid conflicts between two VLANs, a strict p r iority of the poli-

cies is used:

1. MAC address

2. IP address and IP net

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

3. Port Warning This means that a station learned by a MAC rule is not

learned by an IP or Port rule, and a station learned by an IP rule is not learned by a Port rule. Only stations that are not learned by MAC or IP rules are learned by a Port rule.

Note IP policies can be used only when IP learning is enabled on

the respective ports.

Adding a VLAN The task of adding VLANs is simplified by using the VLAN Wizard.

VLANs are not switch specific when managing a stack. Therefore, right-click the stack border to a ccess VLAN/Routing Setup. To add a VLAN:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup.

2 Click Add, and follow the instructions in the Wizard windows.

Policy Information required

Switch Ports Port numbers IP Subnet IP Subnet and Mask Mixed policy IP Subnet and Mask,

Port numbers, MAC address and/or IP address

IP routing Subnet and router link

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

Deleting a VLAN

To delete a VLAN:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click the name of the VLAN you want to delete. (Note: you

cannot delete a VLAN if it is the

ment VLAN]

and then click Use this VLAN for SNMP

ties management

. To do this, click another VLAN, click Proper-

; you can now delete th e first VLAN.)

[Designated Manage-

3 Click Delete.

Adding a policy to a VLAN You may want to add another policy (that is, a port, IP address, IP

subnet or MAC address) to an existing VLAN. To add a policy:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click the nam e of the VLAN you want to edit. 3 Select Policies>Add. 4 Select the New policy type. 5 Fill in th e appropriate field(s).

Adding a new switch to a distributed VLAN

6 Click Close.

If Intel Device View is connected to an existing switch, the new switch needs to be learned by the management VLAN before Intel Device View can access it.

We recommend that you connect Intel Device View directly to the new switch, or use a port-policy rule to learn it.

If you do not add the port on which the new switch is connected (using the port-po licy rul e), y ou must add t he MAC addr ess for the ne w switch instead.

For example, if you define the membership of a VLAN using a MAC policy, you need to use two MAC addresses. If the System MAC address is 00A0C9xxxxxx, you must enter 00A0C9xxxxxx and 02A0C9xxxxxx in the MAC policy.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

Changing VLAN mode

To change the mode of operation of a VLAN:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced. The VLAN mode is shown.

3 Click th e VLAN mode to see the full ra nge of choices.

VLAN Mode Description

Stand-alone For single switches: the re is no exchange of

information with VLANs on other swi tches; each switch is its own domain (STDALONE).

For switches in a stack: there is an ex change of information using VLANs between the switches in the stack; these switches are in their own domain (STDALONE).

Distributed A domain is a collection of switches and

can contain up to 128 VLANs. If you select distributed, each switch will be able to communicate with all the others in this domain.

4 Click the new mode and make sure the rest of the details are

correct.

5 Click OK.

Your switch may turn blue (for a few seconds) while the network stability return s; this is normal.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

Adding a station to a Switch VLAN Link

Changing VLAN domain name

To place a station on the link between two switches or two stacks, configure the station as a permanent entry. If you have a stack, rightclick a stack border and select Stack Setup instead of Device Setup:

1 Choose one of the switches, and select Device Setup>Per-

manent Entries>Add

in Intel Device View.

2 Enter the MAC address. 3 Select th e number of the port to wh ich the link is connec ted. 4 Make a MAC address policy in the VLANs to which this station

is joining.

This is relevan t only for a Dist ribute d VLAN. To cha nge th e domain name for all VLANs:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced The VLAN mode is highlighted. 3 Double-click the VLAN Domain Name, and type the new

domain name (note that domain names are case sensitive).

Changing the priority of the server

Changing the time before the server is removed

4 Click OK.

This is relevant only for a Distributed VLAN. You can specify a switch in the domain to be the VLAN database server. The switch with the lowest value will be the server. To change the priority:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced. The VLAN mode is highlighted. 3 Double-click the Server priority, and type the new value.

If two switches have the same priority, the switch with the lowest MAC address will be the server.

4 Click OK.

This is relevant only for a Distributed VLAN. After receiving a packet from the server, the switch/stack waits for a specific length of time before it assumes the server is lost. The switch /stack then start s to listen for a new server and, if none is found, it becomes the server. To change the length of time before the server is assumed to be lost:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced. The VLAN mode is highlighted.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

3 Double-click Server Expiry Time-out, and type the new

value.

4 Click OK.

Ports with IP learning IP learning must be enabled when using IP policies. (IP learning is

enabled on all ports by defaul t.) If you want to change the settings for individual ports, for examp le if you are usi ng pro to col s oth er tha t IP

protocols and don’t want these stations to be learned using IP rules, you should:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced. 3 Click IP Traffic to specify which ports support IP learning.

4 Click OK.

Routing Between VLANs

Introduction After you have created the VLAN groups, you can move (or route)

packets of data between VLANs using the IP and IPX protocols.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

Adding a routing link

To add a routing link to a VLAN that is not already configured:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup>Add.

2 Select the Setup an IP routing interface box. 3 Click Next, and follow the instructions in the W izard win dows.

Changing IP and IPX details

To change the routing protocol details for an existing VLAN:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Routing. 3 Select the Use IP routing or Use IPX routing box to

make active (if possible).

4 Double-click the required field, type the new value and select

the correct protocol parameters.

5 Click OK.

Adding a static route A static route is a permanent entry in the routing table and is a pat h to

IP network which is not announced by the RIP. A static route is announced to other switches or stacks using RIP. To add a static route:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced>IP Routing

Click Add

3 4 Double-click the required field, and type the new value. 5 Click OK.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

Changing the number of BOOTP request hops

This parameter specifies the maximum number of ho ps that a BOOTP request can make before being discarded. To change the number of hops:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced>IP Routing.

3 Double-click the Maximum BootP request hops, and type

the new value.

4 Click OK.

Changing RSVP settings This ReSe rVa tion Protocol (RSVP) facility allows bandwidth to be

reserved, enabling guaranteed delivery of data. To change the settings:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced>IP Routing.

Click box to enable/disable RSVP, set Refresh Timer period and

Cleanup timeout factor.

4 Click OK.

Changing Type of Service priorities

This uses IP packet preferen ce settings to prioritize t raffic through the switch. Packets with a higher setting are handled in preference to packets with lower settings. To change the priority level:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup.

2 Click Advanced>IP Routing. 3 Double-click the ToS, and type the new value (range 1-7).

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

4 Click OK.

DVMRP Tunnels

Introduction This routing switch supports the Distance Vector Multicast Routing

Protocol (DVMRP). This enables IP multicast packet s to be encapsulated in an IP header, and sent through a tunnel bet ween two specific switches on a network that does not support DVMRP routing. The tunnel is defined using IP addresses, a source IP address and a destination IP address.

Adding a tunnel A DVMRP tunnel must be set up in both switches over the tunnel.

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup.

Click Advanced>IP Routing>DVMRP Tunnels.

2 3 Click Add.

4 Type the required information in the fields provided. 5 Click OK.

IP Multicast (IGMP pruning)

Warning when using pruning

It is important to be aware of problems that may arise when using IGMP pruning and IP Multicast addresses.

Warning When using the IGMP pruning, IP multicast packets not

based on IGMP are discarded.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

IGMP pruning can only be used in VLANs that have an IP link. Enabling IGMP pruning stops Layer 2 forwar di ng o f IP mul t ica st p ackets in all other VLANs without IP links.

Only enable IGMP pruning (on this device) when it is connected between the device receiving the packe ts and an IP multicast routing device. Or, disable IGMP pr uning (on t his device) when it is conn ected between the device t ransmi t ting t he pack ets an d a n IP mu lti cast rou ting device.

IP multicast routing in a stack

When enabling IP multicast routing on the management VLAN in a stack, you MUST assign the IP addresses consecutively to the management VLAN, for example, x.x.x.77, x.x.x.78, x.x.x.79 etc.

Enabling IGMP pruning IGMP pruning implements a system where only the necessary

amount of IP multicast packets are bridged . To enable IGMP pr uning:

1 Select VLAN/Routing Setup. 2 Click Advanced>IP Routing>IGMP. 3 Check Enabled. 4 In Pruning timeout, type the new value. 5 Click OK.

IP Filtering

Purpose IP filtering is availabl e when you are routing between nets or VLANs.

It enables you to send data packets to specific workstati ons or user groups across the VLANs. You define the members in these user groups and the type of IP filterin g. IP filtering uses either IP addresses or specified IP protocols. It i s specific for the individual switches, an d therefore, right-click the switch to access the IP filtering functions.

Before you start Look at the architecture of your network before starting. Make a list

of proposed user groups and their filter parameters. Then look at the individual members t o be included i n the groups. T his prevents workstations or subnets from being excluded when IP filtering is enabled.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

Enabling IP Filtering

IP Filtering is enabled by default . There are two default user group s, which allow all traffic to pass. Enable is a toggle function, which also allows you to disable IP Filtering:

1 Select IP Filtering Setup. 2 Select Enabled. 3 Set up any User Groups and Members required. 4 Click OK.

Adding a User Group Before filtering can take place, you must define the different user

groups. To add a user group:

1 Select IP Filtering Setup>User Groups.

2 Click Add. 3 Type a unique name for the User Group. 4 Click OK. 5 When the User Group list is complete, click Close.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

Adding a Member

To add a member to a user group:

1 Select IP Filtering Setup>Add member.

2 In Type, select whether the member is defined by Port (Proto-

col) or by Address.

3 For port selections, define th e IP fi lter protocol, while for

Address define the IP Address (and subnet if necessary).

Checking Member connections

4 Select the User Group for this new member. 5 Click OK.

This checks which members a specific member can communicate with, and lists them on screen. To check connections:

1 Select IP Filtering Setup.

C H A P T E R 4 Advanced Configuration

2 Click a Me mber in the list. 3 Click Show member connections

Verify that the connections for this member are correct.

4 5 Click Close.

In this chapter This chapter covers the following topics.

Managing the Switch

Topic See Page

Management using Intel Device View 80

Monitoring the Switch’s Performance 81 Monitor ing the Stack’s Performance 86 Monitoring VLANs and Routing 91 Monitoring the Port’s Performance 99 To ols for the Switch 103 Tools for the Stack 108

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Management using Intel Device View

Why use Intel Device View?

Intel Device View allows you to:

• Configure system, switching, IP, spanning tree, authentication,

and trap paramete rs for the switch.

• Configure port-related parameters.

• View traps, logs, traces, and reports generated by the switch.

• Monitor port activity.

• Monitor port faults.

• M on itor switch activity.

• Monitor VLANs and Routing.

Information about the Switch

Identifying the switch To see the name of the switch, the IP address, the administrator’s

name and how long the switch has been running:

1 Select Device Information.

2 To update the information, click Refresh.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Hardware details

Monitoring the tota l packe t activity

To see the MAC address, hardware version and memory size:

1 Click Monitoring>Hardware Information.

2 To update the information, click Refresh.

Monitoring the Switch’s Performance

To view the total activ ity of the packets on all the ports:

1 Select Device Activity>Total Packets.

Each column represents a port and its activity level.

2 To see the exact value, hold the mouse pointer over a port. 3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Monitoring the total activity of transmitted packets

Monitoring the total activity of received packets

To view the total ac tivity of the packets being transmitted on all the ports:

1 Select Device Activity>Tx Packets.

Each column represe nts the activity level on t hat p ort.

2 To see the exact value, hold the mouse pointer over a port. 3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

To view the total activity of the packets being received on all the ports:

1 Select Device Activity>Rx Packets.

Each column represe nts the activity level on t hat p ort.

2 To see the exact value, hold the mouse pointer over a port. 3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

Monitoring the total number of errors

To view the total error activity of the packets on all the ports:

1 Select Device Activity>Errors.

Each column represe nts the activity level on t hat p ort.

2 To see the exact value, hold the mouse pointer over a port. 3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Monitoring the spanning tree statistics

Overview of all the ports To view the setups of all the ports on the switch:

To view the spanning tree statistics for the whole switch, select

Spanning Tree Statistics.

1 Select Port Overview.

2 Double-click a port to get the specific details for that port: port

performance, faults, packet distribution, link aggregation and spanning tree information.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Stations on the switch

To view the IP addresses of the devices that have accessed management on the switch:

1 Click Monitoring>Access Overview.

2 To change the order of the information, click the appropriate

title bar.

Monitoring using RMON

Purpose The switch contains several RMON functions. These function pro-

vide a tool for collecting information about network traffic. The following information, History, Alarm and Event Log are switch specific. Right-click the switch to access the relevant RMON facility.

RMON History To monitor traffic on a subnet over a period of time:

1 Right-click a switch and select Monitoring>RMON His-

tory.

2 To open a graph showing the statistics, select a history and

press

This opens a window listing all history collections.

View.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

RMON Alarms

Alarm is a useful RMON feature; it enables you to set your own thresholds for when the network activity requires some attention.

1 Right-click a switch and select Monitoring>RMON

Alarms>Configure. The Alarm Table window opens, which lists all alarms.

2 Click Add to add an alarm to the list.

After defining the alarm, a trap is sent every time the threshold is exceeded.

RMON Events Event is a useful RMON feature; it enables you to set your own

events, defined by type; Log, Trap or Log and Trap:

1 Right-click a switch and select Monitoring> RMON

Alarms>Events

. The Events Table window opens, whic h

lists all events defined.

2 Click Add to add an event to the list.

Note Events can be created automatically through the alarm

configurations.

Online Help For more information about the use of the RMON facilities, please re-

fer to the online

Help.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Monitoring the Stack’s Perform ance

Monitoring the health of the stack

The Stack Health Moni tor provides a n overal l stat us for t he switche s in the stack. To view the health of the stack: Right-click the stack border and select

Stack Health Monitor.

If the condition of any of the switches alters, the changes are displayed on screen.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Monitoring IntraStack activity

To view the total activity of the packets between the switches in the stack, or across the Matrix Module:

1 Right-click the stack border and select IntraStack Traf-

fic

Each column represents a Matrix Module port and its activity level.

2 To see the exact value, hold the mouse pointer over a port.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Monitoring the tota l packe t activity per port

To view the total ac tivity of the packets on all the ports:

1 Right-click the stack border and select Stack Activ-

ity>Total Packets per Port

Each column represents a port and its activity level.

Monitoring the tota l packe t activity of the switches

2 To see the exact value, hold the mouse pointer over a port.

To view the total ac tivity of the packets on all the ports:

1 Right-click the stack border and select Stack Activ-

ity>Total Packets

2 To see the exact value, hold the mouse pointer over a switch.

Each column represe nts a switch and its activity level.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

Monitoring the total activity of transmitted packets

Monitoring the total activity of received packets

To view the total activ ity of the packets being transmitted o n a ll the switches:

1 Right-click the stack border and select Stack Activ-

ity>Tx Packets

Each column represe nts the activity level on a switch.

2 Hold the cursor on a column to see the exact value. 3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

To view the total activity of the packets being received on all the switches:

1 Right-click the stack border and select Stack Activ-

ity>Rx Packets

Each column represents the activity level on t hat switch.

2 Hold the cursor on a column to see the exact value. 3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

Monitoring the total number of errors

To view the total error activity of the packets on all the switches:

1 Right-click the stack border and select Stack Activ-

ity>Errors

Each column represents the activity level on t hat switch.

2 Hold the cursor on a column to see the exact value. 3 Click View and change the presentation style: 3D- to 2D-

Graph, with or without a peak value indicator and vertical to horizontal bars.

C H A P T E R 5 Managing the Switch

Overview of all the ports

Monitoring the spanning tree statistics

To view the setups of all the ports in the stack:

1 Right-click the stack border and select Port Overview.

2 Double-click a port to get the specific details for that port: port

performance, faults, distribution and spanning tree information.

To view the spanning tree statistics for the whole switch, right-click a specific switch and select

Spanning Tree.

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