Intel® Express 460T
Standalone Switch
User Guide
Intel
®
Express 460T Standalone Switch User Guide
Year 2000 Capable
An Intel® product, when used in accordance with its associated documentation, is "Year 2000 Capable" when, upon
installation, it accurately stores, displays, processes, provides, and/or receives date data from, into, and between 1999
and 2000, and the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, including leap year calculations, provided that all other
technology used in combination with said product properly exchanges date data with it. Intel makes no representation
about individual components within the product should they be used independently from the product as a whole.
Copyright © 2000, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Intel Corporation, 5200 NE Elam Young Parkway, Hillsboro OR 97124-6497
Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this manual. Nor does Intel make any commitment to update the
information contained herein.
* Other product and corporate names may be trademarks of other companies and are used only for explanation and
to the owners’ benefit, without intent to infringe.
Fourth Edition May 2000 746438-002
CONTENTS
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Contents
1.0 Setting up the Intel® Express 460T Switch 1
Management .............................................................................. 1
Switch Features ......................................................................... 2
Module Features ........................................................................ 3
Port LEDs .................................................................................. 4
Status LEDs...............................................................................4
Crossover Button....................................................................... 5
Connection Guidelines .............................................................. 5
Installing a Module.................................................................... 6
Module A LEDs ........................................................................ 7
Configuring Modules ................................................................ 7
Media Requirements ................................................................. 8
Testing a cable........................................................................... 9
Straight-through vs. Crossover Cables...................................... 10
2.0 Using the Intel® Express 460T Switch 11
What is a Switch? ...................................................................... 12
Sample Configurations .............................................................. 13
Flow Control ............................................................................. 14
Spanning Tree Protocol ............................................................. 14
Tagged Frames .......................................................................... 15
Priority....................................................................................... 15
Link Aggregation ...................................................................... 16
Virtual LANs............................................................................. 17
GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)........................... 21
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) ............................... 22
460T-UG TOC.p65 4/19/00, 10:58 AM1
3.0 Using Intel® Device View 2.1 23
Installing Intel Device View ..................................................... 24
Starting Intel Device View ........................................................ 25
Installing a New Device ............................................................ 26
Using the Device Tree ............................................................... 27
Managing a Switch .................................................................... 29
Viewing RMON information .................................................... 30
i
i
CONTENTS
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
4.0 Using the Web Device Manager 31
Accessing the Web Device Manager......................................... 32
Navigating the Web Device Manager ....................................... 33
Using Management Screens ...................................................... 34
Configuring the Switch’s IP Settings ........................................ 35
Configuring a Port ..................................................................... 36
Managing User Accounts .......................................................... 37
Configuring VLANs.................................................................. 39
Link Aggregation ...................................................................... 45
Static MAC Addresses .............................................................. 46
Configuring Community Strings and Trap Receivers............... 47
Monitoring Switch Activity ...................................................... 48
Viewing/Changing Switch Information .................................... 49
Updating Switch Firmware ....................................................... 50
Saving Configuration Changes and Logging Out ..................... 52
5.0 Using Local Management 53
Accessing Management............................................................. 53
Logon Screen............................................................................. 54
Navigation ................................................................................. 55
Main Menu (Top Screen) .......................................................... 56
Configure Device ...................................................................... 57
Configure IP Address ................................................................ 58
Port Configuration..................................................................... 59
Module Port Settings ................................................................. 60
Switch Settings .......................................................................... 61
Configure Advanced Switch Settings ....................................... 62
Configure Spanning Tree Protocol............................................ 63
Configure Spanning Tree for Ports ........................................... 65
Forwarding and Filtering........................................................... 66
Configure IGMP Snooping ....................................................... 67
Configure Static MAC Addresses ............................................. 68
Configure Port Security............................................................. 69
Configure MAC Address Filtering............................................ 70
Configure Ethernet Multicast Filtering ..................................... 71
ii
460T-UG TOC.p65 4/19/00, 10:58 AM2
CONTENTS
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Ethernet Multicast Filtering (Ports)........................................... 72
Port Mirroring ........................................................................... 73
Link Aggregation ...................................................................... 74
Broadcast Storm Control ........................................................... 75
Configure Management Menu................................................... 76
Community Strings & Trap Receivers ...................................... 77
User Accounts ........................................................................... 78
How to Manage User Accounts................................................. 79
Update Firmware and Config Files ........................................... 81
Reset and Console Options ....................................................... 82
Configure VLAN Operation Mode ........................................... 83
Port-based VLANs .................................................................... 84
Add a Port-based VLAN ........................................................... 85
Edit/Delete a Port-based VLAN................................................ 86
Change Port Membership in a VLAN ....................................... 87
MAC-based VLANs.................................................................. 88
Add a MAC-based VLAN......................................................... 89
Edit/Delete a MAC-based VLAN ............................................. 90
Edit a MAC-based VLAN ......................................................... 91
Configure 802.1Q VLANs ........................................................ 93
Add an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN (Configure Port Membership) .... 94
Add an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN (Configure Port Tagging)........... 95
Configure PVID for Untagged/Priority Traffic......................... 96
How to configure 802.1Q VLANs ............................................ 97
Edit/Delete 802.1Q VLANs ...................................................... 99
Edit an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN ..................................................... 100
Edit an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN (Configure Port Tagging) ........... 101
Configure VLAN ID for Untagged Traffic ............................... 102
GVRP and Ingress Filter Settings ............................................. 103
Monitor (Network Statistics)..................................................... 104
Switch Overview ....................................................................... 105
Port Traffic Statistics................................................................. 106
Port Error Statistics ................................................................... 108
Packet Analysis ......................................................................... 110
IGMP Snooping Status.............................................................. 111
460T-UG TOC.p65 4/19/00, 10:58 AM3
iii
CONTENTS
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Browse Address Table .............................................................. 112
VLAN and GVRP Status........................................................... 114
Tools.......................................................................................... 115
Switch Event Log ...................................................................... 116
Ping a Device............................................................................. 117
Upload Configuration Image File ............................................. 118
Appendix A: Technical Info 119
What is a Configuration File? ................................................... 119
Sample Configuration File ........................................................ 120
BOOT Menu.............................................................................. 122
List of Factory Defaults............................................................. 123
Optional module default settings ....................................... 123
Troubleshooting/FAQs.............................................................. 124
Locating MIB files .................................................................... 125
Regulatory Information ............................................................. 126
Warnings ................................................................................... 126
Limited Hardware Warranty ..................................................... 129
Limited Hardware Warranty (Europe only) .............................. 130
Limitation de garantie du matériel (Europe) ...................... 131
Garanzia limitata sull’hardware (valida solo in Europa) ... 132
Beschränkte Hardwaregarantie (Nur für Europa) .............. 133
Garantía limitada de hardware (sólo para Europa) ............ 134
iv
460T-UG TOC.p65 4/19/00, 10:58 AM4
Index 135
Intel Customer Support Last Page
Setting up the Intel
®
1
Express 460T Switch
Overview
This guide provides information on configuring and managing the Intel
Express 460T Standalone Switch and is organized into these chapters:
• Chapter 1 - Information on the switch hardware and optional modules
• Chapter 2 - Information on using the switch in a LAN and advanced
features like link aggregation and VLANs
• Chapter 3 - How to use Intel Device View
• Chapter 4 - How to use Web Device Manager
• Chapter 5 - Overview of Local Management
Management
Through the switch’s built-in management you can configure the device and
monitor network health. There are several methods for managing this
switch; you can use one method or any combination.
• SNMP management applications like Intel Device View, LANDesk®
Network Manager, or HP OpenView* are tailored for Intel products and
show a graphical representation of the device (with the use of the
proper MIB).
®
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:00 AM1
• Onboard management allows control over the device without using an
SNMP application. The Web Device Manager provides a graphical
interface while Local Management is a menu-driven interface.
• Other SNMP-compliant applications can manage Express 460T
switches if you compile the switch’s MIB files into that application.
1
CHAPTER 1
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Switch Features
These are the major features of the 16- and 24-port versions of the Express
460T Standalone Switches.
16-port 460T Switch (Product Code ES460T16)
Module A
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
Status
MDI/MDI-X
button
LEDs
Module LEDs
PortPort
Status LED
24-port 460T Switch (Product Code ES460T24)
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
MDI/MDI-X
button
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
Module LEDs
PortPort
LEDs
Status
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
Status LED
Module A
Back of 16- and 24-port 460T Switch
AC Input
100-240 VAC
50Hz-60Hz
1.5A max
AC Power
Plug
• Auto-negotiates speed, duplex, and flow control—10Mbps or 100Mbps
009027390008
MAC Address
address
Local Management
EIA 232
Console: 9600-8-N-1
Serial
Port
Module A
Module A slotMAC
per port.
• Half- and full-duplex flow control.
• One expansion slot for the optional 100FX, 1000SX, 1000LX, or 1000T module.
• Port settings can be configured manually through management.
• Access menu-driven Local Management through the serial port or a Telnet session.
• Access the graphic, Web-based, Web Device Manager through a Web browser.
2
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:00 AM2
CHAPTER 1
1000T Module for
Intel
®
Express
460T Switch
Port 1
Express 460T Switch Features and Setup
Module Features
Both the 16- and 24-port versions of the Express 460T Standalone Switches
can accept a module to provide additional functionality.
100Base-FX Fiber Module (Product Code ES460MFX)
Express 460T Setup
Port 1
TX RX
Port 2
TX RX
100FX Module for
®
Express
Intel
460T Switch
Fiber Ports
• Connects to 100Base-FX devices (such as a switch or server) at full- or half-duplex.
• Extends network diameter up to 400m (half-duplex) or 2000m (full-duplex).
1000Base-SX Gigabit Module (Product Code ES460MSX)
1000Base-LX Gigabit Module (Product Code ES460MLX)
Port 1
TX RX
1000SX Module for
Intel® Express
460T Switch
Fiber Port
Port 1
TX RX
1000LX Module for
Intel® Express
460T Switch
• Connects to 1000Base-SX or 1000Base-LX devices at full-duplex.
• SX module extends network diameter 260m to 550m (depending on type of fiber).
• LX module extends network diameter 550m to 5000m (depending on type of fiber).
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:00 AM3
1000Base-T Gigabit Module (Product Code ES460MT)
Ethernet Port
• Connects to devices at 100Mbps at full- or half-duplex or 1000Mbps at full-duplex.
• Extends network diameter up to 100m.
3
CHAPTER 1
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Port LEDs
The LEDs above each port indicate port status, individual port speed, and
port activity.
5678
Left LED
Port Activity
(Green/Orange)
LED Status Meaning
Right LED
Port Speed
(Orange)
Left Solid green
1
Device linked.
Blinking green Receiving activity on that port.
Blinking orange A collision was detected on this segment.
Off No link detected.
Right Solid orange Device connected at 10Mbps.
Off Device connected at 100Mbps.
Status LEDs
The Express 460T switch LED is located above the port LEDs. This LED
indicates the condition of the switch.
Status
LED Status Meaning
Status Orange Switch is performing diagnostics.
Green Diagnostics have passed, the switch is ready.
2
Red
Diagnostics have failed.
4
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:01 AM4
_________________________________________________
1
If the left LED is solid green, but there is no activity when you try to ping a device
connected to that port, the port is probably disabled through management. Re-enable the
port and try again.
2
When the switch is first powered on, the Status LED is red for a couple of seconds before
the diagnostic mode starts, then it turns orange.
CHAPTER 1
o
Express 460T Switch Features and Setup
Crossover Button
The Express 460T switch has a button that toggles port 1 from MDI-X to
MDI. With the button depressed (MDI) you can to connect to another
switch or a hub without using a crossover cable. For more information, see
pages 9-10.
Intel® Express 460T Standal
MDI
MDI-X
MDI
1234
MDI-X
Connection Guidelines
General
Express 460T Setup
• The Express 460T switch is capable of auto-negotiating port speed and
can operate at 10Mbps or 100Mbps per port. The switch matches the
highest possible speed of an attached device.
• The Express 460T switch is capable of auto-negotiating port duplex and
can operate at half- or full-duplex.
Cabling
• Use Category 5 unshielded twisted-pair (CAT 5 UTP) cable when
connecting 100Mbps devices to the switch.
• Use Category 3, 4, or 5 unshielded twisted-pair (CAT 3, 4, or 5 UTP)
cable when connecting 10Mbps devices to the switch.
• Limit the cable length between devices to 100 meters (330 feet).
• Use a straight-through cable to connect the switch to a server or
workstation. For more information on cabling, see pages 9 and 10.
• To connect to another switch or hub use a crossover cable, or set port 1
to MDI and use a straight-through cable.
5
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:01 AM5
CHAPTER 1
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Installing a Module
You can install optional modules only in the Module A slot located at the
back of the Express 460T switch. Use the LEDs on the front of the switch to
check the module’s status.
Install the module in the switch
1 Unplug the power cord from the switch. Remove the panel from the
expansion slot labeled Module A.
2 Align the module with the card guides inside the switch and slide the
module into the slot. Press firmly to connect the module and secure it
with the retaining screws.
3 Plug in the power cord.
6
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:01 AM6
100FX Module
1000SX Module or
1000LX Module
Module A slot
1000T Module
CHAPTER 1
Express 460T Switch Features and Setup
Module A LEDs
The LEDs are located on the front of the switch over ports 9-16. These
LEDs provide information about the 100FX, 1000SX, or 1000LX module
such as the module’s status, link, port activity, and collisions.
Express 460T Setup
Module A
Status
8
9 1011121314151
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
LED Status Meaning
Status On (green) Module is present and functioning.
Off No module present.
Link\Act\Coll Solid green Device linked.
Blinking green Receiving activity on that port.
Blinking orange A collision was detected on this segment.
Off No link detected.
When you are using the 1000SX, 1000LX, or 1000T module, only the port 1
LED will blink and show activity since the module has only one port.
Configuring Modules
Normally, you will not need to make any changes to the optional modules
because they are designed to configure themselves automatically for the
attached device. However, you might need to configure the modules in order
to communicate with older devices. You can use the Local Management or
Web Device Manager to configure the 100FX, 1000SX, 1000LX, or 1000T
modules.
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:01 AM7
7
CHAPTER 1
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Media Requirements
Incorrect cabling is often the cause of network performance problems. Read
the next two pages to make sure your cabling is correct.
100Base-TX
The 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet specification requires that you use CAT 5
UTP cabling to operate at 100Mbps. If you use lower grade cabling (CAT 3
or CAT 4), you may get a connection, but also experience data loss or slow
performance. You’re limited to 100 meters between any two devices.
10Base-T
The 10Base-T Ethernet specification allows you to use CAT 3, CAT 4, or
CAT 5 UTP cabling. The limit is 100 meters between any two devices.
NOTE:
100 meters = 330 feet
200 meters = 660 feet
500 meters = 1,650 feet
2 km = 2000 meters = 6,600 feet
5 km = 5000 meters = 16,500 feet
100Base-FX
The optional Fiber Module lets you connect to a switch up to 400 meters
(hubs up to 160m) away at half-duplex or up to 2 km at full-duplex. Use
62.5/125µm multimode fiber optic cable with an SC-type fiber optic
connector.
1000Base-T
The 1000Base-T Gigabit specification requires that you use CAT 5 UTP
cabling to operate at 1000Mbps. If you use a lower grade cabling you will
experience either no connection or extreme data loss. The maximum
distance between any two devices is 100 meters.
1000Base-SX/1000Base-LX
The optional 1000Base-SX and -LX Gigabit Modules provide a high-speed
connection to another device up to 5 km away. The maximum distance
depends on the type of cable used. Refer to the following table for a list of
cable types and maximum distances. Use cables with an SC-type fiber optic
connector.
8
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:01 AM8
CHAPTER 1
Express 460T Switch Features and Setup
Selecting the right cable
Media Type Cabling Used Maximum distance
Express 460T Setup
100Base-FX Module 62.5/125
(full duplex)
100Base-FX Module 62.5/125
(half-duplex) a router, switch, or PC)
1000Base-T\100Base-TX Category 5 (CAT 5) unshielded 100m
(Gigabit) Module twisted pair cable
1000Base-SX 50/125 µm multimode 550m
(Gigabit) Module 62.5/125 µm multimode 260m
1000Base-LX 50/125 µm multimode 550m
(Gigabit) Module 62.5/125 µm multimode 550m
9/125 µm singlemode 5,000m
µm multimode 2,000m
µm multimode (160m to a hub, 400m to
Testing a cable
When using a 100Base-TX module, you can quickly check the cable’s link
integrity by plugging one end into port 1 and the other end into port 2. Make
sure the MDI/MDI-X button is out. Check the Activity LEDs for ports 1 and
2. If the LEDs are on, you have a functioning crossover cable.
If the LEDs are off, push the MDI/MDI-X button in. If the Activity LEDs
for ports 1 and 2 turn on, you have a functioning straight-through cable.
However, if the LEDs remain off, you probably have a bad cable.
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:01 AM9
If a cable passes these tests, but the network connection is slow, verify that
wires 1, 2 and 3, 6 on the cable are twisted pairs as shown in the diagrams
on the next page.
9
CHAPTER 1
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Straight-through vs. Crossover Cables
Switch ports are wired MDI-X, so use a straight-through cable to connect to
a workstation or server (network adapter cards are wired MDI). To connect
to another MDI-X port, use a crossover cable. Following are the pin
arrangements for the switch’s Ethernet port and the typical RJ-45 connector.
8
1
RJ-45
Connector
Pin 8
Ethernet
Port
Pin 1
Clip
Straight-through UTP cable (for 100Base-TX)
Switch (MDI-X) Adapter (MDI)
1 (RX+) 1 (TX+)
2 (RX-) 2 (TX-)
3 (TX+) 3 (RX+)
6 (TX-) 6 (RX-)
4 Not used 4 Not used
5 Not used 5 Not used
7 Not used 7 Not used
8 Not used 8 Not used
Crossover UTP cable (for 100Base-TX)
Switch (MDI-X) Hub (MDI-X)
10/100
10
460T Ch1.p65 4/19/00, 11:01 AM10
1 (RX+) 1 (RX+)
2 (RX-) 2 (RX-)
3 (TX+) 3 (TX+)
6 (TX-) 6 (TX-)
4 Not used 4 Not used
5 Not used 5 Not used
7 Not used 7 Not used
8 Not used 8 Not used
Using the Intel
®
2
Express 460T Switch
Overview
This section is designed to provide an overview for using the Express 460T
switch within a network. The chapter covers the basic differences between a
switch and hub, basic switching features like flow control and Spanning
Tree, and a discussion of the more advanced features such as link
aggregation and the types of VLANs available on the switch.
If you are already familiar with switching technology you can skip ahead to
a particular section within the chapter. Here is a basic overview of the
chapter and the pages where you can find a particular topic.
• Sample Configurations page 13
• Flow Control page 14
• Spanning T r ee Protocol page 14
• Tagged Frames page 15
• Priority page 15
• Link Aggregation page 16
• VLANs page 17
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM11
• GVRP page 21
• IGMP Snooping page 22
11
CHAPTER 2
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
What is a Switch?
A switch segments traffic, providing each port its own collision domain.
This is different than a hub where all ports belong to the same collision
domain.
Segments and Hubs
Hubs combine multiple wires so all attached devices behave like they are on
the same wire. Since the devices share the same segment, data sent by one
device is retransmitted to all devices on the same hub. This is equivalent to
having all devices connected in a bus topology as illustrated below.
Client A sends
signal to Client B
Signal sent to all ports
Client B
receives signal
Client A Client B
The disadvantage is all devices must share the total available bandwidth.
The more devices that are attached to the hub the less bandwidth for each
user. Also, network performance suffers since all devices receive traffic and
collisions from other users because the hub retransmits data across all ports.
Switches
Switches send traffic only to specific ports, rather than transmit data across
all ports. This means that each device attached to the switch receives fewer
collisions and the entire bandwidth is available to the device.
MAC Address Port
006011FB34DB 2
00A027D36FAA 8
The signal is not
Client A sends
signal to Client B
The switch maintains a table that associates a device’s MAC address to a
port on the switch. When Client A communicates with Client B, the switch
looks in the table to determine which port Client B is attached to and then
forwards the traffic to that port. If a device sends traffic to an address that is
not in the table (or sends broadcast or multicast traffic) the switch will send
the traffic out to all ports on the switch. When the switch receives a
response it will update the table with the new address.
sent to all ports
Client B
receives signal
12
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM12
CHAPTER 2
Using the Express 460T Switch
Sample Configurations
The following examples illustrate how the Express 460T switch can be used
in a network.
Desktop Bandwidth
In this example, desktop users are connected directly to the 460T switch.
Power users are connected at 100Mbps while regular users can be connected
at 10Mbps. Aggregated links provide additional bandwidth to the servers.
10Mbps
100Mbps
Aggregated
link provides
bandwidth to
server
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
Module A
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
Power users
connected at
100Mbps
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
Status
10Mbps
devices
Using the 460T
Small Office Backbone
In this example, the Express 460T switch serves as the backbone for a small
network. The switch can provide high-bandwidth support to the clients
(servers and power users) that require it while providing connections for
10Mbps devices. Use the optional modules available for the Express 460T
to extend the reach of the network beyond 100 meters (330 ft.). For
example, to connect different buildings or remote campuses to an Intel
Express 550T switch located at a central office.
Two switches connected using 1000SX modules. The
maximum distance is 550m using multimode fiber.
Express 460T Standalone Switch
Module A
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
10
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
Intel® Express 330T Stackable Hub
MDI /
MDI-X
Intel® Express 330T Stackable Hub
MDI /
MDI-X
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
Status
Module A Module B
Module A Module B
Collisions
Collisions
Express 550T Switch
1000LX Module for 500 Series Switches
CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT
1000Base-LX
Stack Interface Module
TX RX
12345678
Slot BSlot A
LEDs Green Orange
Off
Solid
LEDs Green Orange
Solid
Blink
10Mbps
100Mbps
®
10 Mbps
Half duplex
Intel Express
100 Mbps
Full duplex
550T Routing
Port Status
Switch
Power
Status
Temperature
Link
Disabled
Reset
Activity
Collision
RPS
Console
9600-8-N-1
13
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM13
CHAPTER 2
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Flow Control
During times of heavy network activity, the switch’s port buffers can
receive too much traffic and fill up faster than the switch can send the
information. In cases like this, the switch tells the transmitting device to
wait so the information in the buffer can be sent. This traffic control
mechanism is called flow control.
The method of flow control depends on whether the port is set to full- or
half-duplex. If a port is operating at half-duplex, the switch sends a collision
(also called backpressure) which causes the transmitting device to wait. If
the port operates at full-duplex, the switch sends out an IEEE 802.3x
PAUSE frame. You can enable or disable flow control for each port on the
Express 460T switch.
Spanning Tree Protocol
Spanning Tree is a protocol designed to help prevent any loops within the
network topology. A loop can occur if there is more than one path for
information to travel between devices. The Spanning Tree Protocol works
by determining the “cost” of a connection. For example, if two devices are
connected by two links, Spanning Tree uses the connection with the lowest
cost and blocks the second connection from working.
14
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM14
Spanning Tree prevents loops by allowing only one active path between any
two network devices at a time. However, you can also use this behavior to
establish redundant links between devices which can take over in the event
the primary link fails.
Switch B
Backup Path from Client A to Server B:
Switch A –> Switch B –> Switch C
Switch A
Primary Path from Client A to Server B: Switch A –> Switch C
Path: 3
Cost: 100
Path: 1
Cost: 100
Path: 2
Cost: 200
Switch C
Server BPC Client A
In this example, Client A can communicate with Server B over two different
paths. The primary path is Path 1 because the cost of the connection
between switches A and C is lower than the cost between switches A, B and
C. If the primary path fails, then traffic is sent over the backup path
automatically.
CHAPTER 2
Using the Express 460T Switch
Tagged Frames
The 802.1D (1998 Edition) and 802.1Q specifications published by the
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) extended Ethernet
functionality to add tag information to Ethernet frames and propagate these
tagged frames between bridges (for example, a switch). The tag can carry
priority information, VLAN information, or both and allows bridges to
intelligently direct traffic across the network.
Using the 460T
Priority
The IEEE 802.1D (1998 Edition) specification incorporates IEEE 802.1p
and defines information in the frame tag to indicate a priority level. When
these tagged packets are sent out on the network, the higher priority packets
are transferred first. Priority packet tagging (also known as Traffic Class
Expediting) is usually set on the LAN adapter in a PC and works with other
elements of the network (switches, routers) to deliver priority packets first.
The priority level can range from 0 (low) to 7 (high).
The Express 460T switch can read the priority tags and forward traffic on a
per port basis. The switch uses two priority queues per port and routes
traffic to a queue depending on the packet’s tag. For example, when a packet
comes into the switch with a high priority tag, the switch routes the packet
to its high-priority queue.
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM15
Even though there are eight priority levels, the Express 460T switch can
only route a packet into one of the two queues. The switch maps levels 0-3
to the low queue (which is the default) and levels 4-7 to the high queue. If a
packet is untagged, the switch determines the best way to send the packet.
Express 460T
7
HIGH
6
5
4
Incoming
packet
transmit
queue
for the
port
Network
3
2
1
LOW
0
15
CHAPTER 2
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Link Aggregation
Link aggregation allows you to combine from 2 to 8 (adjacent) ports so that
they function as a single high-speed link. For example, link aggregation is
useful when making connections between switches or to connect servers to
the switch.
Link aggregation, sometimes known as port trunking, can be used to
increase the bandwidth to some devices. Link aggregation can also provide
a redundant link for fault tolerance. If one link in the aggregation fails, the
switch balances the traffic among the remaining links.
2 ports aggregated x 100Mbps = 200Mbps link
4 ports aggregated x 100Mbps = 400Mbps link
16
To aggregate ports, you must link an “anchor” port with an adjacent port.
The Express 460T Switch supports up to four link aggregation groups
(anchor ports 1, 9, 17) for a 24-port switch and up to three link aggregation
groups (anchor ports 1, 9) on a 16-port switch. This includes one link
aggregation group for the two 100FX module ports.
Guidelines
• The switch treats aggregated links as a single port. This includes
Spanning Tree and VLANs.
• All ports share the same settings as the anchor port. You can change
anchor port settings, but you cannot configure other ports in the link.
• When a port is configured as a member of an aggregated link, it
immediately adopts the characteristics of the anchor port. When a port
is no longer a member of an aggregated link, the characteristics are
reset to the default settings (autonegotiate speed/duplex, flow control
enabled).
• If a port is part of an aggregated link, it cannot be configured as the
target port for a port mirror. However, a port in an aggregated link can
serve as the source port for a port mirror.
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM16
CHAPTER 2
Using the Express 460T Switch
Virtual LANs
A Virtual LAN is a logical network grouping that allows you to isolate
network traffic so members of the VLAN receive traffic only from other
members. Creating a VLAN is the physical equivalent of moving a group of
devices to a separate switch (creating a Layer 2 broadcast domain). The
advantage of VLANs is that you can reduce broadcast traffic for the entire
switch, and increase security, without changing the wiring of your network.
The Express 460T switch supports three types of VLANs:
• Port-based
• MAC-based
• Tag-based
Port-based VLANs
This is the simplest and most common form of VLAN. In a port-based
VLAN, the system administrator assigns the switch’s ports to a specific
VLAN. For example, the system administrator can designate ports 2, 4, 6,
and 9 as part of the engineering VLAN and ports 17, 19, 21, and 23 as part
of the marketing VLAN. The advantage of port-based VLANs is that they
are easy to configure and all changes happen at the switch so they are
transparent to the users. The Express 460T supports a maximum of 12 portbased VLANs. A port can belong to only one VLAN at a time.
Module A
These devices
are members
of VLAN 1
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
Status
These devices
are members
of VLAN 2
Using the 460T
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM17
VLAN 1:
Engineering
VLAN 2:
Marketing
If a user changes location, the system administrator reassigns the port to the
new VLAN. Another advantage is if a hub is connected to a port that is part
of a VLAN, all devices connected to the hub are also part of the VLAN. The
disadvantage is that there is no way to exclude an individual device on that
hub from becoming part of the VLAN.
17
CHAPTER 2
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
MAC-based VLANs
Membership in this type of VLAN is based on assigning the MAC address
of a device to a VLAN. The advantage to this type of VLAN is that if users
move around, they are always part of the same VLAN as long as they stay
connected to the same switch. The Express 460T switch supports up to 12
MAC-based VLANs.
The disadvantage is that the initial configuration and subsequent
administration of a MAC-based VLAN can be challenging since the system
administrator needs to maintain lists of MAC addresses and enter those
addresses into the switch. Another disadvantage is that MAC-based VLANs
cannot span across switches.
Express 460T Standalone Switch
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
ENG_VLAN
PC1: 00AA00123456
PC2: 00BB00123456
PC3: 00CC00123456
Module A
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
MKT_VLAN
PC4: 000A321654EF
PC5: 00EE231456AA
Status
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
MFG_VLAN
PC6: 00EE123456DB
PC7: 00FF445651D4
PC8: 00CC123456C9
MAC-based VLANs, as designed on the Express 460T Switch, are meant to
limit broadcast and multicast traffic over the network. The switch relies on
limiting broadcast traffic to constrain network visibility of network
applications (such as TCP/IP) that rely on broadcasts (such as ARP) for
station discovery.
The Express 460T MAC-based VLANs are not intended to be a secure
solution. For secure VLANs use either port-based or IEEE 802.1Q-based
VLANs.
18
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:09 PM18
CHAPTER 2
Using the Express 460T Switch
IEEE 802.1Q (tag)-based VLANs
The third type of VLAN supported by the Express 460T switch is based on
the IEEE 802.1Q specification. The specification provides a uniform way
for creating VLANs within a network and allows the creation of a VLAN
that can also span across the network. Until recently, VLAN implementation
has been vendor specific so it was not possible to create a VLAN across
devices from different vendors.
The 802.1Q VLAN works by using a tag added to the Ethernet frames. The
tag contains a VLAN Identifier (VID) that identifies the frame as belonging
to a specific VLAN. These tags allow switches that support the 802.1Q
specification to segregate traffic between devices and communicate a
device’s VLAN association across switches.
VLAN 1:
Engineering
VLAN 1 computers
can't see VLAN 2
computers
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
Module A
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
Status
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
VLAN 2:
Manufacturing
Server and printer
are members of both
VLANs
There are multiple advantages to implementing 802.1Q VLANs. First, it
helps to contain broadcast and multicast traffic across the switch thus
improving performance. Second, ports can belong to more than one VLAN.
Third, VLANs can span multiple switches that support the 802.1Q
specification. Finally, it can provide security and improve performance by
logically isolating users and grouping them together. The Express 460T
switch supports up to 256 tag-based VLANs.
Using the 460T
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:10 PM19
A logical grouping may be mapped to a work group. For example, you can
create a VLAN that groups all the users from the engineering department
into one VLAN. A benefit of this logical grouping is that it can improve
performance by cutting down traffic that belongs to a different logical group
(e.g. marketing), improve security (engineering can’t see marketing), and
ease moves since the user doesn’t have to be physically located in the same
group to participate in the VLAN.
19
CHAPTER 2
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
On the 460T switch, overlapping VLANs can be supported through the use
of 802.1Q-capable devices. However, for non-802.1Q-capable devices,
overlapping VLANs can be supported by implementing an asymmetric
VLAN on the switch (see references below for more information). An
asymmetric VLAN is a type of 802.1Q configuration where endstations
send traffic on one VLAN and receive traffic on another VLAN. The 460T
switch is capable of supporting asymmetric VLANs.
To learn more about asymmetric VLANs, see http://support.intel.com/
support or refer to IEEE 802.1Q Specification Annex B.1.3.
Spanning Tree and VLANs
The Express 460T supports the Spanning Tree Protocol across the entire
switch, not per VLAN. If a loop occurs in a VLAN the port is disabled and
all VLAN traffic over that port is blocked.
A good example of this can be seen below. Both Switch 1 and Switch 2 have
two port-based VLANs configured. Crossover cables connect the
ENG_VLAN on Switch 1 to ENG_VLAN on and Switch 2. Crossover
cables also connect the MRKT_VLAN on Switch 1 to the MRKT_VLAN
on Switch 2. When Spanning Tree is enabled, the redundant link between
the MRKT_VLANs is blocked and those VLANs can no longer
communicate.
20
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:10 PM20
When the switch is running 802.1Q VLANs, Spanning Tree is required for
GVRP to work properly.
Switch 1
Switch 2
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
crossover
connecting ENG_VLANs
Intel® Express 460T Standalone Switch
MDI
12345678
MDI-X
Module A
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
ENG_VLAN
ports 1-8
Module A
Port 1 Port 2
Link\Act\Coll
Link\Act\Coll
Status
910111213141516 1718192021222324
ENG_VLAN
ports 1-8
Status
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
MKT_VLAN
ports 17-24
Spanning Tree disables
the redundant crossover
breaking the connection
between the MKT_VLANs.
Status
Left
Link = Solid Green
Activity = Blinking Green
Collision = Blinking Orange
Right
10Mbps = Solid Orange
100Mbps = Off
MKT_VLAN
ports 17-24
CHAPTER 2
Using the Express 460T Switch
GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)
Since IEEE 802.1Q VLANs can span networks, it poses a challenge for
network administrators to manage changes to the VLAN. The GARP VLAN
Registration Protocol (GVRP) provides a dynamic mechanism for switches
to share topology information and manage changes with other switches.
This alleviates the network administrator from manually propagating VLAN
configuration information across switches.
GARP (Generic Attribute Registration Protocol) is defined by the IEEE
802.1D (1998 Edition) specification and is the mechanism used by switches
and end nodes to propagate VLAN configurations across the network
domain. GVRP uses GARP as a foundation to propagate VLAN
configurations to other switches. Devices that support GVRP transmit their
updates to a known multicast address that all GVRP-capable devices
monitor for information updates.
Sending GVRP messages between switches accomplishes the following
tasks:
• Dynamically adds or removes a port from participating in a VLAN.
• Sends updates about the switch’s own VLAN configuration to
neighboring GVRP-capable devices.
• Integrates dynamic and static VLANs configurations within the same
switch. Static VLAN configurations are created by the user on the
switch for devices that don’t support GVRP.
It’s important to remember that dynamically created VLANs are not saved
in the switch’s memory. When the device that is sending out the GVRP
updates is disabled or rebooted the dynamic VLAN is removed.
Using the 460T
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:10 PM21
21
CHAPTER 2
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP)
Under normal circumstances, multicast traffic is broadcast by the switch to
all ports. For multicast traffic based on the TCP/IP using the IGMP
protocol, the switch can optimize the broadcasting of multicast traffic by
forwarding multicast traffic only to ports that require it.
IGMP Snooping is a feature that allows the switch to forward multicast
traffic intelligently. The switch “snoops” the IGMP query and report
messages and forwards traffic only to the ports that request the multicast
traffic. This prevents the switch from broadcasting the traffic to all ports
and possibly affecting network performance.
IGMP requires a router that learns about the presence of multicast groups
on its subnets and keeps track of group membership. It is important to
remember that multicasting is not connection oriented, so data is delivered
to the requesting hosts on a best-effort level of service.
22
460T Ch2.p65 4/19/00, 4:10 PM22
Using Intel® Device
3
View 2.1
Overview
Intel® Device View allows you to manage Express 460T Standalone
Switches and other supported Intel networking devices on your network.
Intel Device View provides these features:
• The ability to configure new network devices
• Graphical device manager for Intel switches, hubs, and routers
• Autodiscovery, which finds supported Intel devices on the network
• The Device Tree, which shows all the supported devices detected
on your network
• Remote Network Monitoring (RMON)
• Web or Windows* platform
• Plug-in to HP OpenView*, IBM Tivoli NetView*, and Intel
LANDesk® Network Manager
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM23
• Other useful tools such as a TFTP server
23
CHAPTER 3
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Installing Intel Device View
Before you install Intel Device View, make sure your PC meets the system
requirements in the Intel Device View User Guide, which is included on the
Intel Device View CD-ROM.
To install Intel Device View
1 Insert the Intel Device View CD-ROM in your computer’s CD-ROM
drive. The Intel Device View installation screen appears. If it doesn’t
appear, run autoplay.exe from the CD-ROM.
24
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM24
2 Choose the version of Intel Device View you want to install.
• Click Install for Windows to install Intel Device View for use on
this PC only.
• Click Install for Web to install Intel Device View on a Web
server. You will be able to access the Device View server from any
PC on your network with Internet Explorer* 4.0x or later.
• Click Install as Plug-in to install Intel network device support for
HP OpenView, IBM Tivoli NetView, or Intel LANDesk Network
Manager. This option is not available if you don’t have OpenView,
Net View, or LANDesk Network Manager installed on the PC.
3 Follow the on-screen instructions in the installation program.
CHAPTER 3
NOTE
These are the requirements if you
want to use the Web version of
Device View:
Web browser
Internet Explorer 4.0 or later
Intel Device View 2.1
Starting Intel Device View
Install either the Windows or Web version of Intel Device View.
Windows version
From your desktop, click Start and then point to Programs > Intel Device
View > Intel Device View - Windows. Intel Device View’s main screen
appears.
Web version
• From your desktop, click Start and then point to Programs > Intel
Device View > Intel Device View - Web. Intel Device View’s main
screen appears.
• To view Intel Device View from another PC on your network, type the
following URL. In the example shown below, the URL is entered into
the Address field for Internet Explorer.
http://servername/devview/main.htm
where servername is the IP address or name of the server where Intel
Device View is installed.
Intel Device View’s main screen appears.
Device View 2.1
Web Server
IIS 2.0 or later
Peer Web Services*
Netscape Enterprise* Web
Server 3.01 or later
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM25
25
CHAPTER 3
NOTE
The 460T sends BootP requests
for several minutes; after that
time, if no IP has been entered,
the switch stops sending the
request and continues to boot.
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Installing a New Device
After you’ve installed a new switch on your network, you can use Intel
Device View’s Device Install Wizard to configure it for management.
To install and configure a new switch for
management
1 Start Intel Device View. The Device Install Wizard appears. If it
doesn’t appear, click Install from the Device menu or double-click the
appropriate MAC address in the Device Tree under Unconfigured
Devices. (The MAC address is located on the rear of the switch.)
2 On the Device Install Wizard - Start screen, click Next.
3 On the Device Install Wizard - MAC Address screen, click the MAC
address of the new switch and then click Next.
26
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM26
4 Follow the instructions in the wizard to assign an IP address and a name
to the switch.
CHAPTER 3
Intel Device View 2.1
Using the Device Tree
When you start Intel Device View, the Device Discovery service begins
searching for supported Intel network devices on your network. As it
discovers devices, the Device Discovery service adds an icon for each
device to the Device Tree on the left side of the screen.
Different states of the Express 460T switch are represented by unique icons
in the Device Tree.
Device Tree icons
Device Tree root
Device View 2.1
Subnet
Intel Express Switch (if non-responding the icon is red)
Unconfigured Intel Express Switch
Group of Intel Express Switches
Intel Express Router
Intel Express Switch (Layer 3 capable)
Intel Express Stackable Hub
The Device Tree works much like Windows Explorer. To expand the root or
a subnet, click the (+) next to the icon. To collapse the view, click the (-)
next to the icon. Double-click a device icon to view the device image.
27
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM27
CHAPTER 3
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
To add a device to the Device Tree
Use this procedure if the device does not automatically appear after
installation.
1 Right-click anywhere on the Device Tree.
2 Click Add Device on the menu that appears.
3 In the Add Device dialog box, type the IP address of the switch you
want to add.
4 Fill in the other fields, as appropriate.
5 Click OK.
The new switch’s icon appears in the Device Tree.
To refresh the Device Tree
1 Right-click anywhere on the Device Tree.
2 Click Refresh on the menu that appears.
Refreshing the Device Tree updates it to show any newly discovered
devices and changes in device status.
28
To delete a device from the Device Tree
1 Right-click the device you want to remove from the Device Tree.
2 Click Delete on the menu that appears.
Deleting a device from the Device Tree does not affect the actual device.
To find a device in the Device Tree
1 Right-click anywhere on the Device Tree.
2 Click Find on the menu that appears.
3 In the Find Device dialog box, type the IP address of the device you
want to find in the tree.
4 Click OK.
The device’s icon is highlighted in the Device Tree.
Losing contact with a device
If Intel Device View loses contact with a switch, it replaces the switch icon
with the non-responding switch icon, which is red.
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM28
CHAPTER 3
Intel Device View 2.1
If the non-responding switch icon appears, you will not be able to manage
the device in Intel Device View. If you’re unable to ping the device or start
a Telnet session, try accessing the switch’s Local Management.
Managing a Switch
To manage an Intel Express 460T switch, double-click the switch icon in the
Device Tree. In the example shown below, the switch has been assigned an
IP address of 124.123.122.3.
The Express 460T Web Device Manager appears in the Intel Device View
window. Use the Web Device Manager as described in Chapter 4.
Device View 2.1
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM29
For complete information on using Intel Device View, refer to the
program’s online help or see the User Guide on the Intel Device View
installation CD-ROM.
29
CHAPTER 3
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Viewing RMON information
The remote monitoring (RMON) specification extends SNMP functionality
to look at traffic patterns on the network instead of merely looking at the
traffic for an individual device. The following RMON groups are supported:
• Group 1 (Statistics): Monitors utilization and error statistics for each
network segment (10Mbps or 100Mbps).
• Group 2 (History): Records periodic statistical samples from variables
available in the statistics group.
• Group 3 (Alarms): Allows you to set a sampling interval and alarm
thresholds for statistics. When a threshold is passed, the switch creates
an event. For example, you might set an alarm if switch utilization
exceeds 30%.
• Group 9 (Events): Provides notification and tells the switch what to do
when an event occurs on the network. Events can send a trap to a
receiving station or place an entry in the log table, or both. For example,
when the switch experiences an RMON Event, it sends out an Alarm.
The switch also keeps a log that shows a list of the RMON Events and
RMON Alarms that have occurred on the switch.
30
To view RMON statistics
1 Right-click the switch’s icon in the Device Tree, then point to RMON.
2 Click the RMON option you want to view:
You can also access RMON features by using LANDesk Network Manager,
or an SNMP application that supports RMON such as OpenView. For more
information about using RMON to monitor the switch, refer to the Intel
Device View Help.
460T Ch3.p65 4/19/00, 11:04 AM30
Using the Web
4
Device Manager
The Web Device Manager, built into the Intel® Express 460T Standalone
Switch, lets you use a Web browser to manage and monitor the switch. For
example, you can use the Web Device Manager to configure the switch or
individual ports, or to monitor traffic statistics and utilization.
For additional information about using this interface, see the Web Device
Manager Help.
31
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Accessing the Web Device Manager
1 In the Location or Address field of your Web browser type the IP
address of the switch. For example, to use the default IP address of the
switch, type 192.0.2.1 in the Location or Address field and then press
Enter.
Note
The default IP address assigned
to the switch is 192.0.2.1. To
access the switch with the
default IP address, your workstation must be on the 192.0.2.0
subnet.
Alternatively, you can connect to
the switch using Local Management and set an IP address that
is on your network. Then you
can access the Web Device
Manager using the new IP
address.
2 When prompted, type your user name and password. By default, no
user name or password is assigned. If you set a user name and password
using Local Management, enter those here.
3 Click OK. The Web Device Manager screen appears in your Web
browser.
32
CHAPTER 4
Click a menu to view
available options.
Web Device Manager
Navigating the Web Device Manager
1 On the left side of the Web Device Manager window, click a menu item
(such as Configure Device) to show the available options.
2 Click an option in the menu. The corresponding screen appears on the
right side of your Web browser window.
Web Device Manager
3 To hide the options, click the menu item again.
33
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Using Management Screens
After you select an option from the navigation menu, the corresponding
screen appears in the right side of the Web browser.
Switch faceplate graphic
A graphical representation of the switch’s faceplate appears at the top of the
screen. The example here is a 24-port switch.
If the option you’re working with allows you to configure or monitor a
specific port, you can change to another port by clicking it on the faceplate
graphic.
Port color on the faceplate graphic indicates the status of the port.
Port Color Meaning
Green Port has a link at 100Mbps.
Green with “10” Port has a link at 10Mbps.
Magenta outline Ports are in a link aggregation.
Orange Port is disabled.
Gray No link.
34
Buttons
Each configuration screen includes four buttons on the bottom of the screen.
Button Function
Submit Applies the configuration settings on the current screen.
Note: If you do not save the settings to the switch’s flash
memory your changes will be lost when the switch is
rebooted.
Reset Clears any changes you made on the current screen and
restores the currently applied settings.
Default Applies factory defaults for this screen’s settings. When
you log out, you can permanently save the new settings to
the switch. Otherwise, they are lost upon the next reboot.
Help Displays help for the current screen.
CHAPTER 4
Web Device Manager
Configuring the Switch’s IP Settings
Note: You must select Manual in the IP Assignment Method box before you
can change the IP settings.
1 Click the Configure Device menu and then click IP Settings. The IP
Settings screen appears on the right side of the Web Device Manager
window.
Web Device Manager
2 To manually configure the IP settings, select Manual in the IP
Assignment Method box. Under “Change,” type the new IP address,
subnet mask, and default gateway. If you have set up tag-based VLANs
on the switch, you can specify the VID of the VLAN where the switch’s
SNMP management agent will reside.
3 To apply the changes, click Submit.
4 Click Save and Reboot for the new settings to take effect. Rebooting the
switch temporarily interrupts network connectivity to the switch. Click
Reboot Later if you want to reboot the switch later. The new IP settings
will not take effect until the switch reboots.
35
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Configuring a Port
You can use the Web Device Manager to enable or disable a port, and to
change its speed, duplex, flow control, and priority settings.
To change port settings
1 Click the Configure Device menu and then click Port Settings. To
access the Port Settings screen for each port, click the port you want to
configure on the faceplate graphic.
Note
If you change the flow control or
IP settings, you must reboot the
switch before the new settings
can take effect.
36
2 Click the options you want to change.
• Port State lets you enable or disable the port.
• Speed/Duplex lets you set port speed to Auto-Negotiate, 10Mbps,
or100Mbps.
• Flow Control lets you enable or disable flow control.
• Priority Queue lets you set the priority queue for packets
sent or received on this port.
3 Click Submit.
CHAPTER 4
Note
The accounts and passwords you
create with the Web Device Manager are the same accounts and
passwords used to access Local
Management.
Web Device Manager
Managing User Accounts
Create user accounts to give specific users read or write access to the switch
through the Web Device Manager and Local Management. You can create a
maximum of three accounts on the switch.
To create a user account
1 Click the Configure Management menu and then click User Accounts.
The first account you create must be an administrator.
2 Click Add.
3 Type a username in the User Name box.
The username can be up to fifteen characters long and is case-sensitive.
4 In the Password box, type a password.
The password can be up to fifteen characters long and is case-sensitive.
Asterisks (*) appear on the screen as you type the password.
5 In the Confirm Password box, type the same password.
6 In the Access Level box click an access level. An administrator can
view all settings and make configuration changes. A user can only view
settings.
7 Click Submit.
Web Device Manager
37
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
To delete a user account
1 Click the Configure Management menu and then click User Accounts.
2 In the User Accounts screen, click the account you want to delete.
3 Click Delete.
If you delete the account you used to log in for this session, you can still use
that account until you log out. If you delete the only user account on the
switch, you can log in again using the default of no username and no
password.
38
CHAPTER 4
NOTE
You can only have one operation
mode (either port-, tag-, or MACbased) active on the switch at a
time.
Web Device Manager
Configuring VLANs
Virtual LANs, or VLANs, provide a way to create a logical network
grouping without regard to physical location of the network nodes.
For more information about VLANs, refer to “Virtual LANs” in Chapter 2.
There are two main steps to set up a VLAN with the Web Device Manager:
• Set the switch’s VLAN operation mode.
• Configure the type of VLAN you selected.
To set the switch’s VLAN operation mode
1 Click the Configure VLAN menu and then click VLAN Operation
Mode.
2 From the Current VLAN mode box, click the type of VLAN to set up.
You can set the Express 460T switch to use port-based, MAC-based, or
tag-based VLANs. See “Virtual LANs” in Chapter 2 for more
information about VLAN types.
3 Click Submit.
4 The switch will automatically reboot. The Express 460T must be
rebooted whenever you change its VLAN operation mode.
After the switch restarts, you can configure the type of VLAN that you
selected.
Web Device Manager
39
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Port-based VLAN
You configure a port-based VLAN by first creating the VLAN and then
adding participating ports. The switch can support up to 12 port-based
VLANs. However a port can be a member of only one VLAN; port-based
VLANs cannot overlap.
To configure a port-based VLAN
1 Click the Configure VLAN menu and then click Port-based VLAN.
2 Click Add to create a new VLAN, or select a VLAN and click Edit to
change its configuration.
40
3 If you are creating a new VLAN, type a name in the VLAN Name box.
4 In the Available ports box, select a port to add to the VLAN and click
Add.
5 When you have finished adding ports, click Submit.
CHAPTER 4
Web Device Manager
MAC-based VLAN
You configure a MAC-based VLAN by creating the VLAN and then adding
the MAC addresses of member devices.
To create a MAC-based VLAN
1 Click the Configure VLAN menu and then click MAC-based VLAN.
2 Click Add VLAN.
3 In the VLAN Name box, type a name for the VLAN and click Submit.
To add or delete addresses from a MAC-based VLAN
1 From the list of MAC-based VLANs, click a VLAN and click Edit
MAC Addresses.
2 In the MAC Address field, type a MAC address (without dashes) and
click Add. All MAC addresses in the VLAN are listed in the MAC
Addresses box to the left.
Web Device Manager
To delete an address from the member list, click the address and click
Delete.
3 After you have finished adding addresses to the VLAN, click Submit.
41
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Tag-based VLAN
You configure a tag-based VLAN by configuring port membership and
ingress/egress rules. It is important to note whether the devices in your
VLAN support 802.1Q VLAN tags. If some of your devices don’t support
tagging, additional configuration may be necessary.
To configure a tag-based (IEEE 802.1Q) VLAN
1 Create a VLAN and assign member ports.
• Click the Configure VLAN menu and then click Tag-based (IEEE
802.1Q) VLAN.
• From the main Tag-based VLAN page, click Add to create a new
VLAN. To modify an existing VLAN, click the VLAN name and
click Edit.
• If you are creating a new VLAN, type a name and VID (from 2 to
4094) to identify it.
42
• To add a port to the VLAN, click the port in the Available ports box
and click Add. To remove a port, click the port in the Member ports
box and click Remove.
• The switch supports a maximum of 12 IGMP Snooping sessions to
manage broadcast traffic. If you want the VLAN to be part of a
IGMP Snooping session, click the Enable IGMP Snooping check
box.
• When you have finished adding ports, click Next.
CHAPTER 4
Web Device Manager
2 Configure ports for egress (outbound) tagging.
• Ensure that the VLAN Name field displays the name of the VLAN
you are configuring.
• Select Tag or Untag for each of the VLAN’s ports, to determine
whether or not the switch will remove (untag) tags before sending
traffic out of each port.
• Click Submit.
Web Device Manager
43
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
3 Configure ports for handling untagged traffic.
• From the main Tag-based VLAN page, click Port Settings.
• On the Port Settings screen, you can set port-specific behaviors for
processing VLAN traffic. To configure a specific port, click it in the
faceplate graphic. To configure the same setting across all ports, click
Configure All Ports and Module.
Options include:
44
Default Port VID: Sets the port VID (PVID) that will be assigned to
untagged traffic on a given port. For example, if port 10's default
PVID is 100, all untagged packets on port 10 will belong to VLAN
100. The default setting for all ports is VID 1.
GVRP: Allows automatic VLAN configuration between the switch
and nodes.
Ingress filtering: Allows incoming frames belonging to a specific
VLAN to be forwarded if the port belongs to the same VLAN.
Disabling this setting will cause all frames to be forwarded,
regardless of the port's VLAN membership.
Click Submit after you have changed the settings.
CHAPTER 4
Web Device Manager
NOTE
When configuring link aggregation between two 460 switches,
you must connect anchor port to
anchor port, and member port to
member port.
NOTE
Connectivity is momentarily
interrupted when you apply
changes.
Link Aggregation
Link aggregation lets you group up to eight consecutive ports into a single
dedicated connection. This feature can expand bandwidth between devices
on the network, such as another switch or a server.
The anchor port is the base port in a link aggregation, and it is the only port
with configurable settings in the aggregation. All member ports in an
aggregation take on the settings of the anchor port.
Only consecutive ports, starting from the anchor port, can be grouped in a
link aggregation. For example, ports 1, 2, and 3 are a valid link aggregation;
ports 2, 4, and 7 are not.
On the Web Device Manager’s switch faceplate graphic, a link aggregation
is shown with its ports outlined in magenta (pink).
To create a link aggregation
1 Click the Configure Device menu, then click Link Aggregation.
Web Device Manager
2 Choose the anchor port. Anchor ports are listed by number in the left
column.
3 From the Port Width box, click the total number of ports (including the
anchor port) to include in the link aggregation.
4 Type a name for the aggregation group.
5 Click Enable to make the group active.
6 Click Submit.
45
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Static MAC Addresses
The MAC address table stores all the MAC addresses that the switch knows.
The switch uses this table for forwarding traffic to specific devices, so it
does not rely solely on broadcasting traffic to every port for communication.
There are two ways to add addresses to the MAC address table:
• The switch can learn addresses and add them dynamically. Dynamic
entries remain in the table only while the associated node is active, and
they are deleted if the node is inactive for longer than a specified period
of time (age-out time; the default is 300 seconds).
• You can manually add MAC addresses to the table. These are called
static addresses, because they remain in the table until you remove
them, even if the associated node is inactive or taken off the network.
To add a static MAC address to the address table
1 Click the Configure Device menu, then click Forwarding and Filtering.
2 Click Static MAC Addresses.
Note
To view the switch’s address
table, click the Monitor menu,
click Advanced, then click MAC
Address Table.
46
3 Click Add.
4 In the MAC Address box, type the MAC address of a device on the
network. Do not include hyphens.
5 If port-based or tag-based (IEEE 802.1Q) VLANs are set up on the
switch, static MAC addresses are associated with specific VLANs.
Type the VLAN name (port-based VLANs) or VID (tag-based VLANs)
to associate with the MAC address.
6 In the Port number box, click a port number.
For the LX and SX optional modules, the port number is MP1; the FX
module has 2 ports, MP1 and MP2.
7 Click Add.
CHAPTER 4
NOTE
These are the traps supported by
the switch:
• Power to the switch was
cycled or reset.
• Link, speed, or other status
changes on a port.
• Spanning Tree topology
changes.
• A port is partitioned.
• Authentication failure.
Web Device Manager
Configuring Community Strings and
Trap Receivers
A trap receiver is a computer on the network that is running an SNMP
management application and receives messages sent by the switch. For
example, the switch can send a trap to the trap receiver when it detects a
change in port speed.
To specify a trap receiver
1 Click the Configure Management menu and then click Community
Strings and Traps.
Web Device Manager
2 In the IP Address box, type the IP address of the computer you want to
use as a trap receiver. You can specify up to four trap receivers.
3 From the Status box, click Enabled.
4 In the Community String box, type the trap receiver’s SNMP
application community string.
5 Click Submit.
47
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Monitoring Switch Activity
The Web Device Manager lets you view traffic, utilization, and error
statistics for the switch and for individual ports. For more information on
statistics, see “Port Traffic Statistics,” “Port Error Statistics,” and “Packet
Analysis” in Chapter 5.
To view port statistics
1 Click the Monitor menu and then click Port Statistics.
2 From the row of options below the page heading, click the option you
want to view:
• Traffic
• Utilization Graph
• Errors
• Packet Analysis
48
CHAPTER 4
Web Device Manager
Viewing/Changing Switch Information
You can view general information about the switch, such as its MAC
address, firmware version, name, location, and contact person. Some of the
fields can be updated, others are read-only.
To view and configure switch settings
1 Click the Configure Device menu and then click Switch Settings.
Web Device Manager
2 The Switch Name, Location, and Contact fields allow you to provide
additional information about the switch. You can type up to 40
characters in each field. After modifying the settings, click Submit.
49
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Updating Switch Firmware
The Update Firmware screen sets up the switch to update its firmware from
a TFTP server. The actual firmware update occurs while the switch is
rebooting.
To update the switch’s firmware
1 Click the Reset and Update menu and then click Update Firmware.
Note
If you don’t have a TFTP server
application, one is provided with
Device View (for Windows) and
LANDesk® Network Manager.
50
2 Select a mode from the Update Mode box.
• If the switch will use a network connection for downloading the
new firmware file, click Network.
• If the switch will use a SLIP out-of-band connection (for example,
via a serial port) for downloading the new firmware file, Click
SLIP.
3 Type the IP address of the server that hosts the file in the TFTP Server
Address box.
4 Click Enabled from the Firmware Update box.
5 In the File Name box, type the name of the firmware file.
6 Click Submit.
The next time the switch reboots it downloads and installs the new firmware
during the boot process. If you want to view this process, you must use a
terminal program and be connected to the switch though the console port.
CHAPTER 4
Web Device Manager
To update the switch’s configuration file
The configuration file contains information and configuration settings
specified by the network administrator. For more information on using
configuration files, see “Upload Configuration Image File” in Chapter 5.
1 Click the Reset and Update menu and then click Change Configuration
File.
2 Select a mode from the Update Mode box.
• If the switch will use a network connection for downloading the
new configuration file, click Network.
• If the switch will use a SLIP out-of-band connection (for example,
via a serial port) for downloading the new configuration file, click
SLIP.
3 Type the IP address of the server that hosts the file in the TFTP Server
Address box.
4 Click Enabled from the File Download box.
5 In the File Name box, type the name of the configuration file.
6 Click Submit.
The new configuration settings will be applied to the switch upon the next
reboot.
Web Device Manager
51
CHAPTER 4
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Saving Configuration Changes and
Logging Out
Each time you make configuration changes using the Web Device Manager,
the switch immediately uses the new settings. However, when you log out
of the Web Device Manager, you’ll be prompted to permanently save the
current configuration settings.
If you do not save the current configuration settings to the switch’s
permanent memory, the settings are lost upon the next switch reboot.
To save changes and log out
1 Click Log Out from the menu.
52
2 Click Save Now to save the current configuration settings. The Web
browser window closes and you are successfully logged off of the Web
Device Manager.
If you click Do Not Save, all current configuration settings are lost the
next time the switch is rebooted.
Using Local
5
NOTE
You use the same user name and
password to log into Web Device
Manager and Local Management.
Management
Overview
Another way to configure the switch is through the Local Management
interface. Local Management provides the same functionality as the Web
Device Manager using a text-based interface.
Accessing Management
You can access Local Management in two different ways: by connecting
directly to the switch’s serial port, or through a Telnet session (using either
an IP address you assign or the default IP address of 192.0.2.1).
Using the serial port
1 Use the enclosed null modem cable to connect the serial port of your
PC to the serial port of the switch.
2 Start a terminal emulation program (such as HyperTerminal* in
Windows* 98). Use these communication parameters:
• 9600 baud • 1 stop bit
• 8 data bits • No flow control
• No parity
Press E to connect to the Local Management.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM53
3 Log on to Local Management. By default, no password or username is
assigned. To assign them, see the section titled User Accounts in this
chapter.
53
CHAPTER 5
NOTE
Your workstation must be in the
same subnet as the switch to
telnet to the switch.
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Using Telnet
1 Open a Telnet application. In Windows 98 or Windows NT*, select
Run from the Start Menu and then type: telnet E.
2 From the Terminal menu, select Preferences. Make sure the emulation
type is VT-100/ANSI and that VT100 arrows are enabled.
3 From the Connect menu, select Remote System. Enter the IP address of
the switch and click Connect. (The default IP address is 192.0.2.1.)
4 Log on to Local Management. By default, no password or username is
assigned.
Logon Screen
54
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM54
Description
By default, no username or password is assigned to the switch. Press
E twice to log on to the Local Manager. Usernames and passwords
can consist of any characters and can be up to fifteen characters in length.
Remember that usernames and passwords are also case-sensitive.
CHAPTER 5
Help text at the bottom of
the screen provides information on the selected
item.
Using Local Management
Local Management
Navigation
The console menus provide a basic interface for configuring switch options.
For navigation tips, see the text below the graphic.
Screen Legend
Use the W Z A S keys or the T and b keys to move between
screen fields.
<Manual> Angle brackets indicate a toggle field. Use the
z to toggle selections within the field. In this
example, the options change between Manual,
BOOTP, and DHCP.
[255.255.255.0] Brackets indicate an input field. Select the field with
the arrow keys and type the required information. By
default, Local Management is in overstrike mode,
which means it replaces existing characters as you
type.
SUBMIT Any word in all caps is a button. Use the T key
or the W Z A S keys to select it and press E
to activate it.
55
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM55
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
To return to the Main Menu at any
time, press c T.
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Main Menu (Top Screen)
Description
The Main Menu is the starting point for all other Local Management
screens. Use the W Z arrow keys to choose an option and press E to
display the screen.
56
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM56
Configure device: Use this to access menus to assign an IP address to the
switch, change port settings, or configure advanced switch settings.
Configure management: Allows you to set SNMP traps and trap
monitoring stations, administer user accounts, or update the switch’s
firmware.
Configure VLAN: Set up and administer VLANs on the switch.
Monitoring: Use this to access menus to monitor traffic and activity at the
port or switch level. These menus also provide information on network
errors and collisions.
Tools: View the switch Trap/Event log, ping devices to check connectivity,
save the current switch configuration to an image file on a server.
SAVE SETTINGS: Use this to save configuration changes to the switch’s
flash memory. Any changes not saved to memory are lost on the next
reboot.
LOGOUT: Use this to return to the logon screen.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure Device
Description
IP Settings: Configures the switch’s IP address.
Port Settings: Configures port speed, enables and disables ports, and
displays link status.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM57
Module Port Settings: Configures the module’s speed and duplex settings,
enables and disables ports, and displays link status.
Switch Settings: Sets switch identification, displays detailed information
about the switch hardware and firmware, and configures some advanced
switch settings.
Spanning Tree Protocol: Configures Spanning Tree for the entire switch
or individual ports.
Forwarding and Filtering: Adds, removes, or locks the switch’s address
table, enables IGMP snooping, and sets filters for specific MAC addresses.
Port Mirroring: Sends a copy of data from one port to another for
monitoring and troubleshooting purposes.
Link Aggregation: Combine ports on the switch to increase bandwidth.
Broadcast Storm Control: Configures ports to drop excessive broadcast
traffic before it floods the network.
57
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
IP Settings
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Configure IP Address
Description
Switch MAC address: The unique hardware address assigned by Intel.
Current settings: The switch’s current IP configuration.
New settings: Assign a new IP configuration to the switch.
NOTE
The default IP address for the
switch is 192.0.2.1
Default VLAN for SNMP agent
Port-based:DEFAULT_VLAN
802.1Q-based: VID=1
58
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM58
Assign IP: Indicates if the switch will use a BOOTP or DHCP server to
obtain an IP address dynamically, or if you will assign an address
manually.
IP address: The IP configuration used by the switch. Use the IP address
shown here to access the switch through Telnet or a ping test.
Subnet mask: Should match the mask for other devices on the network.
Default gateway: The IP address of the device that routes to different
networks—typically, a router or routing server. Set this option to manage
the switch remotely.
VLAN or VLAN ID (port-based or tag-based VLANs only): Specify
a VLAN where the switch’s SNMP management agent will reside. This
option appears only when port-based and IEEE 802.1Q VLANs are
active on the switch.
SUBMIT: Submits the changes and returns you to the Configure Device
screen. You must save the changes to the switch’s flash memory and reboot
the switch for the new IP settings to take effect.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Port Settings
Using Local Management
Local Management
Port Configuration
Description
Configure ports: Press the z to select a range of ports to configure.
State: Press the z to toggle the field and disable or enable ports.
Speed/Duplex: Press the z to toggle the field’s options and change
the speed and duplex of the port. You can set the port to auto-negotiate
speed, or to 10Mbps or 100Mbps at half- or full-duplex.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM59
Flow Ctrl (Control): Press the z to enable or disable flow control.
Priority: Press the z to change the settings. The <Frame> setting
reads the packet’s 802.1p priority tag and handles it accordingly. The
<Low> or <High > settings force the packet into one of two priority
queues. Forcing a packet into a queue does not retag the packet.
Link: Indicates the port’s current link status:
--: Indicates no device link or port is disabled.
10M/100M: Indicates the port’s speed, either 10Mbps or 100Mbps.
Full/Half: Indicates a device is connected at full- or half-duplex.
IEEE/BackP: Indicates the type of flow control, either IEEE PAUSE
frames or backpressure.
Partitioned: Indicates port was disabled due to a partition error.
Source mirror/Target mirror: Indicates the port being mirrored and
where the data is being sent to.
59
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Module Port Settings
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Module Port Settings
Description
Ports: Press the z to select a port on the module (FX Module only).
State: Press the z to toggle the field and disable or enable ports.
Speed/Duplex: Press the z to toggle the field’s options and change
the speed and duplex of the port. You can set the port to auto-negotiate
speed or force to 100Mbps at half- or full-duplex (FX Module only).
60
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM60
Flow Ctrl (Control): Press the z to enable or disable flow control.
Priority: Press the z to change the settings. The <Frame> setting
reads the packet’s 802.1 priority tag and handles it accordingly. The
<Low> or <High > settings force the packet into one of two priority
queues. Forcing a packet into a queue does not retag the packet.
Link: Indicates the port’s current link status:
--: Indicates no device link or port is disabled.
10M/100M: Indicates the port’s speed, either 10Mbps or 100Mbps.
Full/Half: Indicates a device is connected at full- or half-duplex.
IEEE/BackP: Indicates the type of flow control, either IEEE PAUSE
frames or backpressure.
Partitioned: Indicates port was disabled due to a partition error.
Source mirror/Target mirror: Indicates the port being mirrored and
where the data is being sent to.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Switch Settings
Using Local Management
Local Management
Switch Settings
Description
Name: Assigns a name to the switch, up to 40 characters long.
Location: Assigns a location to the switch, up to 40 characters long.
Contact: Assigns a contact person or phone number to the switch, up to 40
characters long.
NOTE
It’s a good idea to write down
both the firmware version and
Boot PROM version, in case you
need to contact Intel Customer
Support.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM61
Device Type: Displays the manufacturer-assigned type of switch.
Module A: Displays any module and its type installed in the switch.
MAC address: The unique hardware address assigned by Intel.
Boot PROM version: Displays the version of the switch’s boot code.
Firmware version: The version of the firmware installed on the switch.
You can update this software through the Update firmware and
configuration files screen.
Serial Number: Displays the hardware serial number for the switch.
Hardware revision: Displays the version of the switch’s printed circuit
board.
CONFIGURE ADVANCED SETTINGS: Use this to set advanced
switch settings like port auto-partition and Head of Line blocking.
61
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Switch Settings
Advanced Switch Settings
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Configure Advanced Switch Settings
Description
Auto-partition capability on all ports: If this option is enabled, the
switch partitions the port when more than 61 collisions occur consecutively
while receiving data. The first time the switch receives a good packet it
then unpartitions the port. If a port is partitioned the switch can transmit
data over this port, but not receive data.
62
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM62
Head of Line (HOL) Blocking Prevention: If this option is enabled it
prevents the forwarding of data to a port that is blocked. Normally, when
the switch sends traffic to a port it goes to the port’s transmit queue and
then is sent out. If the port’s transmit queue is already busy trying to send
out data then the switch will place the waiting traffic in the buffer memory
until the port is ready to send it out.
However, if the port’s transmit queue remains full, the switch will fill up
more of the buffer with traffic waiting to be sent on that port. HOL
blocking works on the assumption that it is better to drop the traffic waiting
in the buffer than to continue using more memory and impacting
performance across all the ports.
High-priority packet service ratio: This option lets you determine how
many high-priority packets are sent out by the switch before sending a lowpriority packet. For example, a ratio of 8 high:1 low means that the switch
will send out eight high-priority packets before sending out one lowpriority packet.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Spanning Tree Protocol
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure Spanning Tree Protocol
Description
The IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol specification is designed to
prevent loops in a network by allowing only one active path between any
two network devices at a time.
Spanning Tree status: Use the z to enable or disable support for
the Spanning Tree Protocol, where the entire switch is a bridge for which
you can set spanning tree parameters. (Note: If you are running 802.1Q
VLANs, spanning tree must be enabled and will be turned on automatically
by the switch.)
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM63
Topology changes: Displays the number of times the spanning tree has
changed its configuration.
Time since last change: The elapsed time (since the last switch reboot)
since the spanning tree last changed its topology (the paths used to get
through the network).
Root MAC address, Root path cost, Root port: These fields display
information used by the root bridge in the same spanning tree as the switch.
Switch Priority: Type in a number from 0 to 65535 (default is 32768).
The device with the lowest number becomes the root device (starting point
for the spanning tree).
63
CHAPTER 5
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Hello Time: Type in a number from 1 to 10 seconds (default is 2 seconds).
This is the time between transmissions of configuration BPDUs (Bridge
Protocol Data Units) when the switch is, or is attempting to become, the
root in the spanning tree.
Max Age: Type in a number from 6 to 40 seconds (default is 20 seconds).
This is the maximum time that information from a configuration BPDU is
used by the switch before it is discarded.
Forward Delay: Type in a number from 4 to 30 seconds (default is 15
seconds). This is the amount of time between port states when the spanning
tree is changing its status from blocking to forwarding.
CONFIGURE SPANNING TREE FOR PORTS: Takes you to the
screen where you can set spanning tree values for individual ports.
64
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM64
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Spanning Tree Protocol
Configure STP for ports
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure Spanning Tree for Ports
Description
Port: Select the port you want to configure for spanning tree.
STP State: Use the z to enable or disable each port to be active in
the spanning tree.
Cost: Type in a number from 1 to 65535 (default is 10). This value is used
by the Spanning Tree Protocol to determine alternate routes in the network
to forward traffic. The higher the cost of a port, the lower the chance of this
port being used to forward traffic. When possible, assign a port a low cost
if it is connected to a fast network segment.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM65
Priority: Type in a number from 0 to 255 (default is 128) to set the port’s
priority in the spanning tree. The higher the value, the lower the chance of
this port being used as the root port. If two ports on the switch have the
same priority value, the spanning tree uses the port with the lowest number.
For example, the spanning tree would choose port 1 over port 4 if they both
had the same priority setting.
65
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Forwarding and Filtering
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Forwarding and Filtering
Description
Lock address table: Use the z to toggle field values. <Yes>
prevents the switch from learning new MAC addresses. Any existing
addresses that the switch has learned remain in the address table.
MAC address aging: Set the time interval at which the switch scans its
MAC address table to determine the age of entries.
66
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM66
Configure IGMP snooping: Sets Internet Group Management Protocols
(IGMP) options for multimedia applications, such as desktop video
conferencing, that use IP multicast addresses.
Configure static MAC addresses: Allows permanent mapping between a
network device and a port.
Configure port security: Configures the switch to only allow the
transmission of authorized traffic over a particular port.
Configure MAC address filtering: Allows the switch to drop traffic from
a specific source.
Configure Ethernet multicast filtering: Blocks or forwards traffic over
each port for Ethernet (MAC-based) multicast groups.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Forwarding and Filtering
IGMP Snooping
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure IGMP Snooping
Description
IGMP Snooping (Internet Group Management Protocol) is a feature that
allows the switch to forward multicast traffic intelligently. The switch
“snoops” the IGMP query and report messages and forwards traffic only to
the ports that request the multicast traffic. This prevents the switch from
broadcasting the traffic to all ports and possibly affecting network
performance.
NOTE
If tag-based (IEEE 802.1Q) or
port-based VLANs are currently
running, you must enable IGMP
snooping per VLAN. The switch
supports a maximum of 12 VLAN
IGMP snooping sessions.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM67
IGMP requires a router that learns about the presence of multicast groups
on its subnets and keeps track of group membership. It is important to
remember that multicasting is not connection oriented, so data is delivered
to the requesting hosts on a best-effort level of service.
VLAN Name (port-based or tag-based VLANs only): The VLAN for
which IGMP snooping is enabled. You can also enable IGMP snooping for
a VLAN in the Configure VLAN section.
IGMP Snooping state: Use the z to enable or disable IGMP
Snooping.
IGMP Snooping age-out timer: Specify the acceptable time (in seconds)
between IGMP queries since the switch last received an IGMP query from
the multicast server. The default time is 300 seconds. A query allows the
server to determine which network hosts are (or want to be) part of the IP
multicast group, and are configured and ready to receive traffic for the
given application.
67
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Forwarding and Filtering
Static MAC Addresses
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Configure Static MAC Addresses
Description
Static MAC addresses are MAC addresses that remain in the switch’s
address table, whether or not the device is physically connected to the
switch. After you define a static MAC address, it remains in the switch’s
address table until you remove it.
Enter MAC: Type the MAC address you want to permanently add to the
address table.
NOTE
If tag-based or port-based VLANs
are currently running, you must
assign each static MAC address to
a specific VLAN.
68
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM68
VLAN or VLAN ID: When VLANs are active on the switch you can
define static MAC addresses for each VLAN. If port-based VLANs are
active press the z to select a VLAN. If tag-based VLANs are active
type the VLAN ID that the static MAC address will be assigned to.
Select Port: Use the z to select a port on the switch where the
switch forwards traffic.
ADD/DELETE: Use these buttons to add or remove a MAC address from
the switch’s table.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Forwarding and Filtering
Configure Port Security
NOTE
You must first configure port
security and then configure a
static MAC address.
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure Port Security
Description
Port security prevents unauthorized access of a port by “securing” a list of
specific MAC addresses to a port. If the switch sees a MAC address that is
not on the secured list, it discards the traffic.
To set port security from Local Management
1 From the Configure Device screen, select Forwarding and Filtering.
2 Select Configure Port Security from this menu.
3 Select a port you want to secure. Press z in the Learning field to
disable the port’s ability to learn new MAC addresses.
4 Press q to move up a level and select the Configure Static MAC
Addresses screen.
5 Define a list of MAC addresses and assign them to the same port you
secured in the Port Security screen.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM69
To turn off port security
1 From the Configure Device screen, select Forwarding and Filtering.
Select Configure Port Security from this menu.
2 Select the port you want to disable security on. Press the z in the
Learning field to disable security and allow the port to learn new MAC
addresses.
69
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Forwarding and Filtering
MAC address Filtering
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Configure MAC Address Filtering
Description
MAC address filtering allows the switch to drop unwanted traffic. The
switch will drop any traffic when it sees the specified MAC address in
either the source address or destination address of the incoming packet. For
example, if your network is congested because of high utilization from a
specific MAC address, you can filter all traffic transmitted from that address
and restore network flow, while you troubleshoot the problem.
NOTE
If tag-based (IEEE 802.1Q) or
port-based VLANs are currently
running, you must assign each
MAC address filter to a specific
VLAN.
70
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM70
Enter MAC: Type in the MAC address you want to filter.
VLAN/VLAN ID: If VLANs are active on the switch you can set MAC
address filtering on a per VLAN basis. For port-based VLANs, press the
z to select the name of VLAN. For tag-based VLANs, type in the
VLAN ID where the MAC address belongs.
ADD: Press e to activate the filter and add the MAC address to the
list.
DELETE: Press e to removes the filter for the specified MAC
address.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Forwarding and Filtering
Ethernet Multicast Filtering
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure Ethernet Multicast Filtering
Description
Ethernet multicast filters allow you to define which ports can receive
multicast traffic from a specific multicast MAC address. This is similar to
IGMP snooping, except you define everything manually.
VLAN/VLAN ID: If VLANs are active on the switch you can set Ethernet
Multicast filtering on a per VLAN basis. For port-based VLANs, press the
z to select the name of VLAN. For tag-based VLANs, type in the
VLAN ID where the multicast address belongs.
NOTE
If tag-based (IEEE 802.1Q) or
port-based VLANs are currently
running, you must assign each
multicast filter to a specific VLAN.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM71
Multicast address: Type the MAC address you want to apply a filter to.
ADD: Press e to activate the filter and add the address to the list.
DELETE: Press e to removes the filter for the specified address.
Adding/Deleting a multicast filter
1 Type a multicast address in the Multicast address field.
2 If the switch is running tag-based or port-based VLANs, select a VLAN
to locate the filter.
3 Select ADD using the arrow keys and press e.
4 To remove a filter, type in the MAC address in the Multicast field,
select DELETE, and press e.
71
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Forwarding and Filtering
Ethernet Multicast Filtering
Multicast Filters Per Port
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Ethernet Multicast Filtering (Ports)
Description
Action: Use the z to select whether to block or forward traffic to
the selected port.
APPLY CHANGES: Applies the changes to the multicast filter once you
have configured the ports.
Modifying a multicast filter
1 Under the Configure Ethernet Multicast Filter screen use the arrow
keys to select an address from the list on the right side of the screen.
Press e.
2 Decide which ports should receive the multicast traffic by using the
z to set Forward or Block for each port.
3 Select APPLY CHANGES and press e. This activates the changes
to the multicast filter and returns you to the previous screen.
72
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM72
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Port Mirroring
Using Local Management
Local Management
Port Mirroring
Description
Port mirroring is a useful diagnostic tool because it allows you to send a
copy of the good Ethernet frames transmitted or received on one port to
another port. On the second port you can attach a protocol analyzer to
capture and analyze the data without interfering with the client on the
original port.
NOTE
Do not mirror traffic to a target
port that is connected to network
devices other than a protocol
analyzer. Their behavior may be
unpredictable.
If a port is part of an aggregated
link, it cannot be configured as
the target port for a port mirror.
However, a port in an aggregated
link can serve as the source port
for a port mirror.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM73
Source Port: Use the z to select the port whose traffic you want to
mirror.
Target Port: Use the z to select a port to receive the mirrored
traffic. This would be a port to which you have connected a protocol
analyzer.
State: Use the z to enable or disable port’s mirror.
73
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Link Aggregation
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Link Aggregation
Description
Link aggregation is a way of combining ports on the switch to increase the
available bandwidth and provide redundancy. All ports in the aggregated
link take on the characteristics of the anchor port. This means if you set the
anchor port to 100Mbps full duplex, all the ports aggregated to that anchor
port will share the same setting.
NOTE
All custom settings for a port
(including VLAN membership) are
lost when you add that port to a
link aggregation.
74
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM74
Anchor Port: This shows the first port in the link aggregation.
Width: Use the z to set the total number of (consecutive) member
ports in the aggregated link. The minimum number of ports for an
aggregated link is two, and the maximum is eight. The link aggregation
width includes the anchor port.
Aggregation Group Name: This field allows you to assign a name to the
aggregated links for management or identification purposes.
Status: Use the z to enable or disable the aggregated link.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Device
Broadcast Storm Control
Using Local Management
Local Management
Broadcast Storm Control
Description
This feature allows you to filter out broadcasts from faulty devices and
prevent them from degrading network performance.
Setting: Use the z to enable or disable broadcast storm control on
this port.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM75
Upper Threshold: Type in a value from 1-20%. The default value is 20%.
This control lets you set the threshold of broadcast traffic on a port (shown
as a percentage of the port’s total bandwidth) that will activate broadcast
storm control. When the amount of broadcast traffic on the port exceeds
the upper threshold, the port drops all broadcast traffic. When broadcast
traffic falls down below the threshold the switch will automatically start
forwarding broadcast traffic again.
75
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Management
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Configure Management Menu
Description
Configure community strings and trap receivers: Allows you to set the
switch’s community strings and specify trap monitoring stations.
Administer user accounts: Use this menu to configure user accounts. You
can add or delete users, update passwords, and change a user’s access
rights.
76
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM76
Update firmware and configuration files: Use this to configure the
switch’s internal software and to specify the location of configuration files.
Reset and console options: Use this menu to reboot the switch or change
the settings on the serial port. You can also use this menu to set the switch
back to its factory defaults.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Management
Community Strings and . . .
Using Local Management
Local Management
Community Strings & Trap Receivers
Description
Use this screen to send alerts to PCs with SNMP management applications
(such as OpenView*) installed.
Current read community: Sets a password for viewing (not changing)
the switch configuration. The string you define here must match the
read community string defined in an SNMP application. The default
read community string is “public.”
NOTE
These are the traps supported by
the switch:
• Power to the switch was
cycled or reset.
• Link, speed, or other status
changes on a port.
• Spanning Tree topology
changes.
• A port is partitioned.
• Authentication failure.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM77
Current write community: Sets a password for viewing and changing
the switch configuration. The string you define here must match the
write community string defined in an SNMP application. The default
write community string is “private.”
Trap receiving stations: When an event occurs, the switch automatically
alerts the SNMP management application by sending a trap to the SNMP
management stations (for example, PCs) defined here.
Station IP address: The IP addresses of PCs with SNMP applications
(such as Intel® Device View or LANDesk® Network Manager)
installed.
State: Enables or disables sending of traps to the specified trap
receiver.
Community string: Type a string for the trap that matches the
community string defined in the SNMP management application. If you
don’t define one, the default is “public.”
77
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Management
Administer User Accounts
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
User Accounts
Description
Add Users/Change Passwords
Username: By default, no username is assigned. Usernames can
consist of any character and can be up to fifteen characters long. You
can define three usernames.
78
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM78
Old Password: Used when changing the password of a current user. If
this is a new account, you can skip over to the New Password field.
By default, no password is assigned.
New password: Sets a new password for accessing Local
Management. The one you specify here is used the next time you reset
the switch or log out and log in on Local Management. Passwords are
case-sensitive and can be up to fifteen characters long.
Confirm new password: Verifies the entry in the New password
field.
Access Level: Use the z to determine a user’s access rights.
Administrators can make any changes to Local Management. All other
users (categorized under Normal user) can view information but cannot
make changes. To change a user’s access rights, see Modify User
Accounts.
APPLY CHANGES: Select this button to save changes when adding
users or changing passwords.
CHAPTER 5
Using Local Management
Local Management
Modify User Accounts
Access Level: Use the z to change access rights for the user.
Delete: The default value is <No>. To delete an account, use the
z to change the value to <Yes>.
APPLY CHANGES: Select this button to save changes when
modifying or deleting user accounts.
How to Manage User Accounts
System Administrators can create up to three user accounts for managing
the switch. You can also change the access rights for current users and
delete user accounts. Make sure you always set up at least one
Administrator account.
To create a user account
1 From the Main Menu, select Configure Management. Under this
menu select Administer User Accounts and press E .
2 On the User Accounts screen, type the name of the new user in the
Username field and press E .
3 Since this is a new user, press T to skip the Old password field
and go to the New password field.
4 Type the password for the new user and press E. Passwords are
case-sensitive and can be up to eight characters long.
5 To confirm the new password, retype it in the Confirm new password
field. Press E .
6 Select the access rights for the new user by pressing the z .
7 To save the information, press T to select SAVE CHANGES
(below the Confirm new password field) and press E. The new
account appears in the list under Modify User Accounts.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM79
79
CHAPTER 5
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
To change a password
1 From the Main Menu, select Configure Management, press E.
Under this screen, select Administer User Accounts and press E.
2 In the Username field, type the username of the account for which you
want to change the password. Press E .
3 Type the current password in the Old password field and press
E .
4 Type the new password in the New password field and press E.
5 To confirm the password and retype it in the Confirm new password
field. Press E .
6 To save the new password, press T to select SAVE CHANGES
(below the Confirm new password field) and press E.
To modify a user’s access level
1 From the Main Menu, select Configure Management, press E.
Under this screen select Administer User Accounts and press E.
2 Press T to select the account to be modified under Access Level.
3 Press the z to change the user’s access rights. Users with
Administrator access can make changes to the management
configuration; users with Normal User access can view the
configuration but cannot make changes.
4 To save changes, press T to select SAVE CHANGES at the
bottom of the screen and press E .
80
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM80
To delete a user account
1 From the Main Menu, select Configure Management, press E.
Under this screen, select Administer User Accounts and press E.
2 Select the account to be removed under Delete.
3 Press the z to toggle the field from <No> to <Yes>.
4 To remove the user account, press T to select SAVE CHANGES
at the bottom of the screen and press E.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Management
Update Firmware and . . .
Using Local Management
Local Management
Update Firmware and Config Files
Description
Software Update Mode: Use the z to select whether to update the
switch’s firmware over the network or through a SLIP connection.
TFTP Server Address: IP address of the server used as the TFTP server.
NOTE
Be sure to check Intel’s Customer
Support Web site for firmware
updates to the Express 460T
Standalone Switch.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM81
Update Switch Firmware:
Firmware Update: Use the z to enable or disable the firmware
update. When enabled, the switch searches for the TFTP server
specified at the top of the screen and attempts to update the firmware.
File Name: Path and filename of the firmware located on the server.
Change Configuration File:
Config File Download: Use the z to enable or disable the
ability to download a configuration file. When this field is enabled, the
switch searches the TFTP server specified at the top of the screen.
Config File Name: Path and filename of the configuration file located
on the server.
Last TFTP Server Address: This displays the IP address of the last TFTP
server accessed by the switch.
REBOOT TO START UPDATE: Select this button to start the update
process. The switch reboots and downloads the specified file.
81
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure Management
Reset and Console Options
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Reset and Console Options
Description
Reset options
Reboot switch: Resets the switch. If you changed the IP configuration
or login setting, the new settings take effect after you select this option.
82
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM82
Reset switch settings to factory defaults: This clears any IP address or
current changes and resets the switch back to its factory defaults. All
counters are cleared and the switch starts sending BOOTP requests.
Serial Port Settings
Port Setting: Configures the switch’s serial port for out-of-band (SLIP)
management. Press the z to toggle the field from <Console> to
<SLIP>. Settings take effect on the next reboot.
Console Timeout: Log out a user after a period of inactivity. Settings
are from 0-90 minutes in 15-minute increments. A setting of <0 mins>
means no timeout. The default is 60 minutes.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
(if switch is in Default Mode)
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure VLAN Operation Mode
Description
This screen allows you to activate or change the type of VLAN operating
on the switch. If there are no VLANs active on the switch, this is the first
screen displayed when you select Configure VLAN from the Main Menu.
By default, VLANs are not active on the Express 460T switch so they must
be turned on before you can start configuring them.
460T Ch5 - Sec 1-Nav & Config.p65 4/19/00, 4:16 PM83
The Express 460T supports only a single type of VLAN operating at a
time. However, you can have multiple VLANs of the same type.
Select the type of VLAN: Press z to change the type of VLAN on
the switch. The Express 460T Switch supports three types of VLANs: Portbased, MAC-based, and IEEE 802.1Q (tag-based) VLANs.
APPLY: Makes the changes to the VLAN active and reboots the switch.
Note: In order to change between VLAN types the switch must be
rebooted.
To change VLAN modes
1 Select Configure VLAN from the Main Menu.
2 Select VLAN Operation Mode from the Configure VLAN menu.
3 Press z to change the type of VLAN on the switch. Press e.
4 Select the APPLY button and press e. This reboots the switch and
changes the VLAN mode.
83
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
NOTE
You can have a maximum of 12
port-based VLANs on the switch.
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Port-based VLANs
Description
Port-based VLANs are the simplest type of VLAN. A port-based VLAN
allows you to create multiple VLANs each with its own broadcast domain
and member ports. For example, if port 5 is in VLAN_1 and port 10 is in
VLAN_2 the two ports cannot communicate with each other even though
they are part of the same switch. Ports can only be a member of a single
port-based VLAN. Any port that is not a member of a user-defined VLAN
is a member of the DEFAULT_VLAN.
VLAN Operation Mode: This option allows you to change the type of
VLAN operating on the switch, or to disable VLANs entirely.
Add a Port-Based VLAN: This screen allows you to create a port-based
VLAN and add ports to the VLAN.
84
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM84
Edit/Delete a Port-Based VLAN: This screen allows you to select a
VLAN to change port membership in the VLAN, or to remove a VLAN
from the switch.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Add a Port-based VLAN
Using Local Management
Local Management
Add a Port-based VLAN
Description
VLAN Name: This field allows you to assign a name to the VLAN. Names
can consist of any character (no spaces) and be up to 12 characters long.
After a VLAN is created the name cannot be changed. If you want to
change the name you need to delete the VLAN, create a new one, and
assign the ports to the new VLAN.
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM85
Port: Select the port you want to participate in the VLAN.
Member: This option determines which ports will participate in the VLAN
being created. Ports can be members of only one port-based VLAN. Press
the z to toggle the field for the following options:
<Yes> The port will be a member of the VLAN
<No > The port will not be a member of the VLAN.
– The port is part of an aggregated link.
N/A If this is displayed it means the port is already participating in
another VLAN. Ports can belong to only one VLAN.
APPLY: Select this button and press e to create the VLAN and
activate the settings.
85
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Edit/Delete a Port-based VLAN
Edit VLAN
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
To create a port-based VLAN
1 Select Configure VLAN from the Main Menu.
Note: Make sure the switch’s current VLAN operation mode is set to
port-based VLAN. If another type of VLAN is running, refer to
“Configure VLAN Operation Mode” in Chapter 5 to change the VLAN
operation mode.
2 Select Add a Port-based VLAN and press e.
3 Type in a name for the new VLAN and press e.
4 Select ports to add to the VLAN by using the z to toggle the
Member field to Yes.
5 Select the APPLY button and press e.
Edit/Delete a Port-based VLAN
86
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM86
Description
Action: This option lets you specify whether to delete a VLAN or to
change its port membership. Press the z to toggle Edit or Delete and
then use the T or S keys to select a VLAN and press e. The
DEFAULT_VLAN cannot be deleted from the switch.
VLAN Name: These are the names of existing port-based VLANs.
Ports: Total number of member ports in the specified VLAN.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Edit/Delete a Port-based VLAN
Using Local Management
Local Management
Change Port Membership in a VLAN
Description
This screen is very similar to the VLAN creation screen. You can change
the membership status of ports within the VLAN but you cannot change the
name of the VLAN.
VLAN Name: This is the name of the VLAN you are editing.
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM87
Port: Select the port you want to participate in the VLAN.
Member: This option determines which ports will participate in the current
VLAN. Ports can be members of only one VLAN. Press the z to
toggle the field for the following options:
<Yes> The port will be a member of the VLAN.
<No > The port will not be a member of the VLAN.
– The port is part of an aggregated link.
N/A If this is displayed it means the port is already participating in
another VLAN. Ports can belong to only one VLAN.
APPLY: Select this button and press e to activate the settings.
87
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
MAC-based VLANs
Description
VLAN Operation Mode: This option allows you to change the type of
VLAN operating on the switch, or to disable VLANs entirely.
Add a MAC-based VLAN: This option creates a new MAC-based VLAN.
You can create up to 12 MAC-based VLANs on the switch.
88
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM88
Edit/Delete a MAC-based VLAN: This option allows you to add member
MAC addresses to a MAC-based VLAN, or to delete a VLAN entirely.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Add a MAC-based VLAN
Using Local Management
Local Management
Add a MAC-based VLAN
Description
VLAN Name: This field allows you to assign a name to the VLAN. The
name can consist of any character (no spaces) and be up to 12 characters
long. Once a VLAN is created the name cannot be changed. If you want to
change the name you need to delete the VLAN, create a new one, and
assign the addresses to the new VLAN.
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM89
VLAN Name: The name of existing MAC-based VLANs.
MAC Addresses: Total number of MAC addresses that belong to the
VLAN. The switch supports a maximum of 256 address entries per VLAN.
APPLY: Select this button and press e to create the VLAN.
89
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Edit/Delete a MAC-based VLAN
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Edit/Delete a MAC-based VLAN
Description
Action: This field lets you specify whether to edit a VLAN’s membership
or delete the VLAN entirely. Use the z to toggle <Edit> to add/
remove member MAC addresses or <Delete> to remove a VLAN from the
switch.
90
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM90
VLAN Name: These are the names of MAC-based VLANs active on the
switch.
MAC Addresses: Total number of MAC addresses in the specified VLAN.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Edit/Delete a Mac-based VLAN
Edit a MAC-based VLAN
Using Local Management
Local Management
Edit a MAC-based VLAN
Description
This screen lets you add or remove member MAC addresses from a MACbased VLAN.
Action: Use the z to toggle the field and specify whether to add a
new MAC address to the VLAN or to remove an address that is currently in
the VLAN.
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM91
MAC Address: Type the MAC address (without hyphens) of a device such
as a PC or server to be a VLAN member.
APPLY: Select this button and press the e key to make your change to
the VLAN’s membership.
91
CHAPTER 5
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
To create a MAC-based VLAN
Unlike port-based VLANs, when creating a MAC-based VLAN you must
first create the VLAN and then go back and add members to the VLAN.
1 Select Configure VLAN from the Main Menu.
Note: Make sure the switch’s current VLAN operation mode is set to
MAC-based VLAN. If another type of VLAN is running, refer to
“Configure VLAN Operation Mode” in Chapter 5 to change the VLAN
operation mode.
2 Select Add a MAC-based VLAN and press e.
3 Type in a name for the new VLAN and press e.
4 Select the APPLY button and press e. The new VLAN will appear
in the list on the left.
To add MAC addresses to a MAC-based VLAN
1 Select Edit/Delete a MAC-based VLAN from the Configure VLAN
menu and press e.
2 Set the Action toggle to Edit using the z and press e.
3 Select a VLAN from the list using the arrow keys and press e.
4 In the Edit MAC-based VLAN screen, set the Action toggle to Add
using the z and press e.
5 Type in the MAC address you want to add to the VLAN.
6 Select the APPLY button and press e. The new MAC address will
appear in the list below.
92
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM92
To remove a MAC-based VLAN
1 Select Edit/Delete a MAC-based VLAN from the Configure VLAN
menu and press e.
2 Set the Action toggle to Delete using the z and press e.
3 Select a VLAN from the list using the arrow keys and press e. The
VLAN will disappear from the list.
Considerations when using MAC-based VLANs
MAC-based VLANs, as designed on the Express 460T switch, are meant to
limit broadcast and multicast traffic over the network. The switch relies on
limiting broadcast traffic to constrain network visibility of network
applications (such as TCP/IP) that rely on broadcasts (such as ARP) for
station discovery. The Express 460T MAC-based VLANs are not intended
to be a secure solution. For secure VLANs use either port-based or IEEE
802.1Q-based VLANs.
CHAPTER 5
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Using Local Management
Local Management
Configure 802.1Q VLANs
Description
VLAN Operation Mode: This option allows you to change the type of
VLAN operating on the switch, or to disable VLANs entirely.
Create an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN: This screen allows you to create a new
802.1Q VLAN and add ports to the VLAN.
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM93
Edit/Delete an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN: This screen allows you to change
port membership of an existing VLAN, or you can remove a VLAN from
the switch.
Configure VLAN ID for untagged devices (PVID): This screen lets you
assign a VLAN to incoming packets without a VID.
GVRP and ingress filter settings: This screen lets you set port-level
options for dynamic VLAN creation and packet filtering by VLAN.
93
CHAPTER 5
Intel Express 460T Standalone Switch Users Guide
Add an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN (Configure
Port Membership)
LOCATION
Main Menu
Configure VLAN
Create an 802.1Q VLAN
NOTE
A ‘+’ next to the Member toggle
indicates that port is a member of
more than one VLAN.
Description
VLAN Name: This field allows you to assign a name to the VLAN. The
name can consist of any character (no spaces) and be up to 12 characters
long. Once a VLAN is created the name cannot be changed.
VLAN ID: Assign a unique ID number to the VLAN. This number will be
used to identify all packets belonging to that VLAN. Type in a number
from 2 to 4094. The DEFAULT_VLAN (created when you select a VLAN
operation mode) is assigned a VID of 1.
Allow IGMP Snooping: Press the z to determine if the switch will
perform IGMP snooping on this VLAN. There are a maximum of 12 IGMP
snooping sessions allowed.
Member: This option identifies which ports will participate in the VLAN
being created. Press the z to toggle the field for the following
options:
<Yes> The port is a member of the VLAN
<No > The port is not a member of the VLAN.
– The port is part of an aggregated link.
NEXT: Select this button and press e to access the Add an 802.1Q
VLAN (Configure Port Tagging) screen.
94
460T Ch5 - Sec 2-VLANs-Monitoring-Tools.p65 4/19/00, 1:54 PM94
Loading...