Intel 87C196CA, 8XC196Kx, 8XC196Jx, 8XC196Lx User Manual
8XC196Lx Supplement to
8XC196Kx, 8XC196Jx,
87C196CA User’s Manual
August 2004
Order Number: 272973-003
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e saving, or life sustaining applications.
lif
In
tel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice.
Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined."
Intel reserves these for future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising
om future changes to them.
fr
The 8XC196Lx, 8XC196Kx, 8XC196Jx and 87C196CA microprocessors may contain design defects or errors known as
errata which may cause the products to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on
request.
Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.
Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature may be
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Copyright © Intel Corporation, 2004
*Third-party brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
GUIDE TO THIS MANUAL
1.1 MANUAL CONTENTS................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 RELATED DOCUMENTS.............................................................................................. 1-2
CHAPTER 2
ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
2.1 MICROCONTROLLER FEATURES.............................................................................. 2-1
2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM............................................ ...... ....................................................... 2-2
2.3 INTERNAL TIMING........................................................................................................ 2-2
2.4 EXTERNAL TIMING...................................................................................................... 2-5
2.5 INTERNAL PERIPHERALS........................................................................................... 2-6
2.5.1 I/O Ports ........................................... ...... ..... ...... ..... ............................................... ....2-7
2.5.2 Synchronous Serial I/O Port .....................................................................................2-7
2.5.3 Event Processor Array ..............................................................................................2-7
2.5.4 J1850 Communications Controller ............................................................................2-7
2.6 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS........................................................................................ 2-7
CHAPTER 3
ADDRESS SPACE
3.1 ADDRESS PARTITIONS............................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 REGISTER FILE.................................... ...... .................................................................. 3-2
3.3 PERIPHERAL SPECIAL-FUNCTION REGISTERS...................................................... 3-4
3.4 WINDOWING................................................................................................................. 3-6
CHAPTER 4
STANDARD AND PTS INTERRUPTS
4.1 INTERRUPT SOURCES, VECTORS, AND PRIORITIES............................................. 4-1
4.2 INTERRUPT REGISTERS............................................................................................. 4-2
4.2.1 Interrupt Mask Registers ............................................................... ............................4-3
4.2.2 Interrupt Pending Registers ........................ ...... ..... ............................................. ......4-4
4.2.3 Peripheral Transaction Server Registers ..................................................................4-6
CHAPTER 5
I/O PORTS
5.1 I/O PORTS OVERVIEW................................................................................................ 5-1
5.2 INTERNAL STRUCTURE FOR PORTS 1, 2, 5, AND 6 (BIDIRECTIONAL PORTS).... 5-1
5.2.1 Configuring Ports 1, 2, 5, and 6 (Bidirectional Ports) ................................................5-3
5.2.2 Special Bidirectional Port Considerations .................................................................5-4
5.3 INTERNAL STRUCTURE FOR PORTS 3 AND 4 (ADDRESS/DATA BUS).................. 5-5
iii
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
CHAPTER 6
SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL I/O PORT
6.1 SSIO 0 CLOCK REGISTER........................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 SSIO 1 CLOCK REGISTER........................................................................................... 6-2
CHAPTER 7
EVENT PROCESSOR ARRAY
7.1 EPA FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW................................................................................... 7-1
7.1.1 EPA Mask Registers .................. ............................................. ...... ..... ...... ...... ...........7-4
7.1.2 EPA Pending Registers .......................................................... ...... ..... ...... .................7-5
7.1.3 EPA Interrupt Priority Vector Register .......................................................................7-6
CHAPTER 8
J1850 COMMUNICATIONS CONTROLLER
8.1 J1850 FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW................................................................................. 8-1
8.2 J1850 CONTROLLER SIGNALS AND REGISTERS..................................................... 8-3
8.3 J1850 CONTROLLER OPERATION............................................................................. 8-4
8.3.1 Control State Machine ..............................................................................................8-4
8.3.1.1 Cyclic Redundancy Check Generator ..................................................................8-4
8.3.1.2 Bus Contention .....................................................................................................8-5
8.3.1.3 Bit Arbitration ........................................................................................................8-5
8.3.1.4 Error Detection .....................................................................................................8-5
8.3.2 Symbol Synchronization and Timing Circuitry ...........................................................8-5
8.3.2.1 Clock Prescaler ....................................................................................................8-6
8.3.2.2 Digital Filter ..........................................................................................................8-6
8.3.2.3 Delay Compensation ............................................................................................8-6
8.3.2.4 Symbol Encoding and Decoding ..........................................................................8-6
8.3.3 Bit Arbitration Example .............................................................................................8-7
8.4 MESSAGE FRAMES..................................................................................................... 8-8
8.4.1 Standard Messaging .............................................. ...... ...... ..... ..................................8-9
8.4.1.1 Header .................................................................................................................8-9
8.4.1.2 CRC Byte .............................................................................................................8-9
8.4.1.3 Normalization Bit ..................................................................................................8-9
8.4.1.4 Start and End Message Frame Symbols ............................................................8-10
8.4.2 In-frame Response Messagi ng .................................... ...... ..... ...... ..... ...... ...............8-12
8.4.2.1 IFR Messaging Type 1: Single Byte, Single Responder ....................................8-12
8.4.2.2 IFR Messaging Type 2: Single Byte, Multiple Responders ................................8-12
8.4.2.3 IFR Messaging Type 3: Multiple Bytes, Single Responder ................................8-13
8.5 TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING MESSAGES....................................................... 8-13
8.5.1 Transmitting Messages ...........................................................................................8-13
8.5.2 Receiving Messages .............................................. ...... ...... ..... ................................8-15
8.5.3 IFR Messages .........................................................................................................8-16
iv
CONTENTS
8.6 PROGRAMMING THE J1850 CONTROLLER ............................................................ 8-16
8.6.1 Programming the J1850 Command (J_CMD) Register ..........................................8-16
8.6.2 Programming the J1850 Configuration (J_CFG) Register ......................................8-18
8.6.3 Programming the J1850 Delay Compensation (J_DLY) Register ...........................8-19
8.6.4 Programming the J1850 Status (J_STAT) Register ................................................8-21
CHAPTER 9
MINIMUM HARDWARE CONSIDERATIONS
9.1 IDENTIFYING THE RESET SOURCE........................................................................... 9-1
9.2 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR 8XC196LA, LB, AND LD....................................... 9-2
CHAPTER 10
SPECIAL OPERATING MODES
10.1 INTERNAL TIMING...................................................................................................... 10-1
10.2 ENTERING AND EXITING ONCE MODE................................................................... 10-2
CHAPTER 11
PROGRAMMING THE NONVOLATILE MEMORY
11.1 SIGNATURE WORD AND PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE VALUES............................. 11-1
11.2 OTPROM ADDRESS MAP.......................................................................................... 11-1
11.3 SLAVE PROGRAMMING CIRCUIT AND ADDRESS MAP......................................... 11-2
11.4 SERIAL PORT PROGRAMMING CIRCUIT AND ADDRESS MAP............................. 11-4
APPENDIX A
SIGNAL DESCRIPTIONS
A.1 FUNCTIONAL GROUPINGS OF SIGNALS ................................................................. A-1
A.2 DEFAULT CONDITIONS.............................................................................................. A-7
GLOSSARY
v
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
FIGURES
Figure Page
2-1 8XC196L
2-2 Clock Circuitry (87C196LA, LB Only)...........................................................................2-3
2-3 Internal Clock Phases (Assumes PLL is Bypassed).....................................................2-4
2-4 Effect of Clock Mode on Internal CLKOUT Frequency.................................................2-5
2-5 Unerasable PROM 1 (USFR1) Register (LA, LB Only)................................................2-6
3-1 Register File Address Map.................................................... ..... ...... ............................3-3
4-1 Interrupt Mask (INT_MASK) Register......................................... ...... ............................4-3
4-2 Interrupt Mask 1 (INT_MASK1) Register......................................................................4-4
4-3 Interrupt Pending (INT_PEND) Register ......................................................................4-5
4-4 Interrupt Pending 1 (INT_PEND1) Register .................................................................4-6
4-5 PTS Select (PTSSEL) Register....................................................................................4-7
4-6 PTS Service (PTSSRV) Register.................................................................................4-8
5-1 Ports 1, 2, 5, and 6 Internal Structure (87C196LA, LB Only).......................................5-3
5-2 Ports 3 and 4 Internal Structure (87C196LA, LB Only)................................................5-6
6-1 SSIO 0 Clock (SSIO0_CLK) Register...........................................................................6-1
6-2 SSIO 1 Clock (SSIO1_CLK) Register...........................................................................6-2
7-1 EPA Block Diagram (87C196LA, LB Only)...................................................................7-2
7-2 EPA Block Diagram (83C196LD Only)................................................................... ......7-3
7-3 EPA Interrupt Mask (EPA_MASK) Register.................................................................7-4
7-4 EPA Interrupt Mask 1 (EPA_MASK1) Register............................................................7-4
7-5 EPA Interrupt Pending (EPA_PEND) Register.............................................................7-5
7-6 EPA Interrupt Pending 1 (EPA_PEND1) Register........................................................7-5
7-7 EPA Interrupt Priority Vector Register (EPAIPV)..........................................................7-6
8-1 Integrated J1850 Communications Protocol Solution...................................................8-1
8-2 J1850 Communications Controller Block Diagram.......................................................8-2
8-3 Huntzicker Symbol Definition for J1850........................................................................8-7
8-4 Typical VPW Waveform................................................................................................8-7
8-5 Bit Arbitration Example.................................................................................................8-8
8-6 J1850 Message Frames...............................................................................................8-9
8-7 Huntzicker Symbol Definition for the Normalization Bit..............................................8-10
8-8 Definition for Start and End of Frame Symbols..........................................................8-11
8-9 IFR Type 1 Message Frame.......................................................................................8-12
8-10 IFR Type 2 Message Frame.......................................................................................8-13
8-11 IFR Type 3 Message Frame.......................................................................................8-13
8-13 J1850 Transmit Message Structure............................................................................8-14
8-12 J1850 Transmitter (J_TX) Register............................................................................8-14
8-15 J1850 Receive Message Structure.............................................................................8-15
8-14 J1850 Receiver (J_RX) Register................................................................................8-15
8-16 J1850 Command (J_CMD) Register..........................................................................8-17
8-17 J1850 Configuration (J_CFG) Register......................................................................8-18
8-18 J1850 Delay (J_DLY) Register...................................................................................8-20
8-19 J1850 Status (J_STAT) Register................................................................................8-21
9-1 Reset Source (RSTSRC) Register...............................................................................9-1
10-1 Clock Circuitry (87C196LA, LB Only).........................................................................10-2
x
Block Diagram............................................................................................2-2
vi
CONTENTS
FIGURES
Figure Page
11-1 Slave Programming Circuit.........................................................................................11-3
11-2 Serial Port Programming Circuit.................................................................................11-4
A-1 87C196LA 52-pin PLCC Package............................. ...... ...... ..... .................................A-3
A-2 87C196LB 52-pin PLCC Package............................. ...... ...... ..... .................................A-5
A-3 83C196LD 52-pin PLCC Package...............................................................................A-7
vii
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
TABLES
Table Page
1-1 Related Documents......................................................................................................1-2
2-1 Features of the 8XC196Lx and 8XC196Kx Product Famiies................................. ......2-1
2-2 State Times at Various Frequencies.................... ..... ...... ...... .......................................2-4
2-3 Relationships Between Input Frequency, Clock Multiplier, and State Times...............2-5
2-4 UPROM Programming Values and Locations..............................................................2-6
3-1 Address Map................................................................................................................3-1
3-2 Register File Memory Addresses .................................................................................3-3
x
3-3 8XC196L
3-4 Windows.......................................................................................................................3-6
4-1 Interrupt Sources, Vectors, and Priorities........................ ...... ..... ...... ..... .......................4-2
5-1 Microcontroller Ports.....................................................................................................5-1
7-1 EPA Channels........................................................... ...... ...... ..... ...... ............................7-1
7-2 EPA Interrupt Priority Vectors.......................................................................................7-6
8-1 J1850 Controller Signals..............................................................................................8-3
8-2 Control and Status Registers.......................................................................................8-3
8-3 Relationships Between Input Frequency, PLL, and Prescaler Bits..............................8-6
8-4 Huntzicker Symbol Timing Characteristics.................................................................8-11
11-1 Signature Word and Programming Voltage Values....................................................11-1
11-2 87C196LA, LB
11-3 Slave Programming Mode Address Map....................................................................11-3
11-4 Serial Port Programming Mode Address Map............................................................11-5
A-1 87C196LA Signals Arranged by Functional Categories..............................................A-2
A-2 87C196LB Signals Arranged by Functional Categories..............................................A-4
A-3 83C196LD Signals Arranged by Functional Categories..............................................A-6
A-4 Definition of Status Symbols .......................................................................................A-7
A-5 87C196LA, LB Default Signal Conditions....................................................................A-8
A-6 83C196LD Default Signal Conditions..........................................................................A-9
Peripheral SFRs.........................................................................................3-4
OTPROM Address Map.....................................................................11-2
viii
Guide to This Manual
1
CHAPTER 1
GUIDE TO THIS MANUAL
This document is a supplement to the 8XC196Kx, 8XC196Jx, 87C196 CA Microcontr oller Fa mily
User’s Manual. It describes the dif ferences between the 8XC196L x and the 8XC196 Kx family of
microcontrollers. For information not found in this su pplement, please consult the 8XC196Kx,
8XC196Jx, 87C196CA Microcontroller Family User’s Manual (order number 272258) or the
8XC196Lx datasheets listed in the “Related Documents” section of this chapter.
1.1 MANUAL CONTENTS
This supplement contains several chapters, an appendix, a glossary, and an index. This chapter,
Chapter 1, provides an overview of the supplement. This section summarizes the contents of the
remaining chapters and appendixes. The remainder of this chapter provides references to related
documentation.
Chapter 2 — Architectural Overview — compares the features of the 8XC196Lx microcontroller family with those of the 8XC196Kx microcontroller family and describes the 87C196LA,
LB internal clock circuitry.
Chapter 3 — Address Space — describes the addressable memory space of the 52-pin
8XC196Lx, lists the peripheral special-function registers (SFRs), and provides tables of WSR
values for windowing higher memory into the lower register file for direct access.
Chapter 4 — Standard and PTS Interrupts — describes the additional interrupts for the
87C196LB’s J1850 communications controller peripheral and the SFRs that support those interrupts.
Chapter 5 — I/O Ports — describes the port differences and explains the change in the port reset
state from a “logic 1” to a “logic 0” on the 87C196LA, LB.
Chapter 6 — Synchronous Serial I/O Port — describes the enhanced synchronous serial I/O
(SSIO) port and explains how to program the two additional peripheral SFRs.
Chapter 7 — Event Processor Array — describes the event processor array channel differences.
Chapter 8 — J1850 Communications Controller — describes the 87C196LB’s integrated
J1850 controller and explains how to configure it.
Chapter 9 — Minimum Hardware Considerations — describes device reset options through
the reset source register, and discusses hardware design considerations.
Chapter 10 — Special Operating Modes — illustrates the internal clock control circuitry of the
87C196LA, LB and describes how to enter and exit on-circuit emulation (ONCE) mode.
Chapter 11 — Pr ogramming the Nonvolat ile Memory — describes the memory maps and rec-
ommended circuits to support programming of the 87C196LA, LB’s 24 Kbytes of OTPROM.
1-1
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
Appendix A — Signal Descriptions — provides reference information for the 8XC196Lx de-
vice pins, including description s of the pin functi ons, reset stat us of the I/O and contr ol pins, and
package pin assignments.
Glossary — defines terms with special meaning used throughout this supplement.
Index — lists key topics with page number references.
1.2 RELATED DOCUMENTS
T ab le 1-1 lists additional documen ts that yo u may fi nd usefu l in des igning syst ems inco rporat ing
the 8XC196Lx microcontrollers.
Table 1-1. Related Documents
Title and Description Order Number
8XC196Kx, 8XC196Jx, 87C196CA Microcontroller Family User’s Manual
87C196LA-20 MHz CHMOS 16-Bit Microcontroller Automotive
87C196LB-20 MHz CHMOS 16-Bit Microcontroller Automotive
83C196LD CHMOS 16-Bit Microcontroller Automotive
datasheet 272806
datasheet 272807
datasheet 272805
272258
1-2
Architectural
Overview
2
CHAPTER 2
ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
This chapter describes architectural differences between the 8XC196L x (87C196LA, 87C1 96LB,
and 83C196LD) and the 8XC196Kx (8XC196Kx, 8XC196Jx, and 87C196CA) microcontroller
families. Both the 8XC196Lx and the 8XC196Kx are designed for high-speed calculations and
fast I/O, and share a common architecture and instruction set with few deviations. This chapter
provides a high-level overview of the deviations between th e two families.
NOTE
This supplement describes two product families within the MCS® 96
microcontroller family. For brevity, the name 8XC196Lx is used when the
discussion applies to all three Lx controllers. Likewise, the name 8XC196Kx is
used when the discussion applies to all the Kx, Jx, and CA controllers.
2.1 MICROCONTROLLER FEATURES
Table 2-1 lists the features of the 8XC196Lx and the 8XC196K x.
Table 2-1. Features of the 8XC196Lx and 8XC196Kx Product Famiies
Device Pins
87C196LA 52 24 K 768 —416 3 6— — 1
87C196LB 52 24 K 768 — 41 6 3 6 — 1 1
83C196LD 52 16 K 384 — 41 6 3 — — — 1
8XC196JV 52 48 K 1536 512 41 6 3 6 — — 1
8XC196KT 68 32 K 1024 512 56 10 3 8 — — 2
8XC196JT 52 32 K 1024 512 41 6 3 6 — — 1
87C196CA 68 32 K 1024 256 51 6 3 6 1 — 2
8XC196KR 68 16 K 512 256 56 10 3 8 — — 2
8XC196JR 52 16 K 512 256 41 6 3 6 — — 1
NOTES:
1. Optional. The second character of the device name indicates the presence and type of nonvolatile
memory. 80C196
2. Register RAM amounts include the 24 bytes allocated to core SFRs and the stack pointer.
OTPROM/
EPROM/
ROM (1)
xx
= none; 83C196xx = ROM; 87C196xx = OTPROM or EPROM.
Register
RAM (2)
Code
RAM
I/O
Pins
EPA
Pins
SIO/
SSIO
Ports
A/D CAN J1850
Ext.
Interrupt
Pins
2-1
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 2-1 is a simplified block diagram that shows the major blocks within the microcontroller.
Observe that the slave port peripheral does not exist on the 8XC196Lx.
Core
(CPU, Memory
Controller)
Clock and
Power Mgmt.
SIO
Note:
The J1850 peripheral is unique to the 87C196LB device.
The A/D peripheral is unique to the 87C196LA, LB devices.
Optional
ROM/
OTPROM
Optional
Code/Data
RAM
EPA
Controller
Peripheral
Transaction
A/DSSIOI/O
Interrupt
Server
WDT
J1850
A5253-01
Figure 2-1. 8XC196Lx Block Diagram
2.3 INTERNAL TIMING
The 87C196LA, LB clock circuitry (Figure 2-2) implements a phase-locked loo p and clock multiplier circuitry, which can substantially increase the CPU clock rate while using a lower-frequency input clock. The clock circuitry accepts an input clock signal on XTAL1 provided by an
external crystal or oscill ator. Depending on t he val u e of th e PLLEN pin, this frequency is routed
either through the phase-locked loop and m ultipl ier or directly to the divid e-by-two circuit. The
multiplier circuitry can double the input frequency (F
) before the frequency (f) reaches the
XTAL1
divide-by-two circuitry. The clock generators accept the divided input frequency (f/2) from the
divide-by-two circuit and produce two nonoverlapping internal timing signals, PH1 and PH2.
These signals are active when high.
2-2
NOTE
This manual uses lowercase “f” to represent the internal clock frequency. For
the 87C196LA and LB, f is equal to either F
XTAL1
or 2F
, depending on the
XTAL1
clock multiplier mode, which is controlled by the PLLEN input pin.
ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
XTAL1
XTAL2
F
XTAL1
Disable Oscillator
(Powerdown)
XTAL1
F
Disable
PLL
(Powerdown)
PLLEN
XTAL1
1
2F
0
Divide by two
Circuit
Clock
Generators
Programmable
Divider
(CLK1:0)
Phase
Comparator
Phase-locked
Oscillator
Phase-locked Loop
Clock Multiplier
f
Disable Clock Input (Powerdown)
f/2
Clock
Failure
Detection
f/2
Filter
To reset logic
Disable Clocks (Idle, Powerdown)
CPU Clocks (PH1, PH2)
Peripheral Clocks (PH1, PH2)
OSC
0
CLKOUT
1
Disable Clocks (Powerdown)
A5290-01
Figure 2-2. Clock Circuitry (87C196LA, LB Only)
The rising edges of PH1 and PH2 generate the internal CLKOUT signal (Figure 2-3). The clock
circuitry routes separat e internal cl ock sign als to the CPU an d the peri pherals to provi de flexi bility in power management. It also outputs the CLKOUT signal on the CLKOUT pin. Because of
the complex logic in the clock circuitry, the signal on the CLKOUT pin is a delayed version of
the internal CLKOUT signal. This delay varies with temperature and voltage.
2-3
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
P H1 (in MHz)
f
2
-- - PH2==
XTAL1
PH1
PH2
CLKOUT
tt
1 State Time
1 State Time
Phase 1 Phase 2
Phase 1 Phase 2
A0805-01
Figure 2-3. Internal Clock Phases (Assumes PLL is Bypassed)
The combined period of phase 1 and phase 2 of the internal CLKOUT signal defines the basic
time unit known as a state time or state. T able 2 -2 lists state time durations at various frequencies.
Table 2-2. State Times at Various Frequencies
(Frequency Input to the
Divide-by-two Circuit)
f
State Time
8 MHz 250 ns
12 MHz 167 ns
16 MHz 125 ns
20 MHz 100 ns
The following formulas calculate the frequency of PH1 and PH2, the d uration of a state time, and
the duration of a clock period (t).
State Time (in µs)
2
-- -= t
f
1
-- -=
f
Because the device can operate at many frequencies, this manual defines time requirements (such
as instruction execution times) in terms of state times rather than specific measurements.
Datasheets list AC characteristics in terms of clock periods (t; sometimes called T
osc
).
Figure 2-4 illustrates the timing relationships between the input frequency (F
), the operating
XTAL1
frequency (f), and the CLKOUT signal with each PLLEN pin configuration. Table 2-3 details the
relationships between the input frequency (F
), the PLLEN pin, the operating frequency (f),
XTAL1
the clock period (t), and state times.
2-4
XTAL1
(16 MHz)
ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
T
XHCH
PLLEN = 0
PLLEN = 1
f
t = 62.5ns
Internal
CLKOUT
f
t = 31.25ns
Internal
CLKOUT
A3376-01
Figure 2-4. Effect of Clock Mode on Internal CLKOUT Frequency
Table 2-3. Relationships Between Input Frequency, Clock Multiplier, and State Times
F
XTAL1
(Frequency
on XTAL1)
PLLEN Multiplier
(Input Frequency to
the Divide-by-two Circuit)
f
4 MHz 0 1 4 MHz 250 ns 500 ns
8 MHz 0 1 8 MHz 125 ns 250 ns
12 MHz 0 1 12 MHz 83.5 ns 167 ns
16 MHz 0 1 16 MHz 62.5 ns 125 ns
20 MHz 0 1 20 MHz 50 ns 100 ns
4 MHz 1 2 8 MHz 125 ns 250 ns
8 MHz 1 2 16 MHz 62.5 ns 125 ns
10 MHz 1 2 20 MHz 50 ns 100 ns
t
(Clock
Period)
State Time
2.4 EXTERNAL TIMING
You can control the output frequency on the CLKOUT pin by programming two uneraseable
PROM bits. Figure 2-5 illustrates the read-only USFR1, which reflects the state of the u nerasable
PROM bits. You can select one of three frequencies: f/2, f/4, or f/8. As Figure 2-2 on page 2-3
shows, the configurable divider accepts the output of the clock generators (f/2) and further divides that frequency to produce the desired output frequency. The CLK1:0 bits control the divisor
(divide f/2 by either 1, 2, or 4).
2-5
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
USFR1 (read only)
The UPROM special-function register 1 (USFR1) reflects the status of unerasable, programmable
read-only memory (UPROM) locations. This read-only register reflects the status of two bits that
control the output frequency on CLKOUT.
7 0
— — — — — — CLK1 CLK0
Bit
Number
7:2 — Reserved.
1:0 CLK1:0 CLKOUT Control
Bit
Mnemonic
Function
These bits reflect the programmed frequency of the CLKOUT signal:
CLK1 CLK0
0 0 divide by 1 (CLKOUT = f/2)
0 1 divide by 2 (CLKOUT = f/4)
1 0 divide by 4 (CLKOUT = f/8)
1 1 divide by 1 (CLKOUT = f/2)
Address:
Reset State:
1FF2H
XXH
Figure 2-5. Unerasable PROM 1 (USFR1) Register (LA, LB Only)
T o progr am these bits, write the co rrect value to the locations shown in Table 2-4 using slave programming mode. During normal operation , you can determine the values of these bits by reading
the UPROM SFR (Figure 2-5).
You can verify a UPROM bit to make sure it programmed, but you cannot erase it. For this reason, Intel cannot test the bits before shipment. However, Intel does test the features that t he UPROM bits enable, so the on ly undetectable defects ar e (unlikely) defects within the UPROM cells
themselves.
Table 2-4. UPROM Programming Values and Locations
To set this bit Write this value T o this location
CLK0 0001H 0768H
CLK1 0002H 0728H
2.5 INTERNAL PERIPHERALS
The internal peripheral modules provide special functions for a variety of applications. This section provides a brief description of the peripherals that differ between the 8XC196 Lx and the
8XC196Kx families.
2-6
ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
2.5.1 I/O Ports
The I/O ports of the 8XC196Lx are fu nctionally identical to those of th e 8XC196J x. However , on
the 87C196LA and LB the reset state level of all 41 general-purpose I/O pins has changed from
a weak logic “1” (wk1) to a weak logic “0” (wk0).
2.5.2 Synchronous Serial I/O Port
The synchronous serial I/O (SSIO) port on the 8XC196Lx has b een enhance d, implementing two
new special function registers (SSIO0_CLK and SSIO1_CLK) that allow you to select the operating mode and configure the phase and polarity of the serial clock signals.
2.5.3 Event Processor Array
The 8XC196L x’s event processor array (EPA) is functionally identical to that of the 8XC196Jx,
except that it has only two EPA capture/compare channels with out pins instead of four. In addition the LD has no compare-only channels.
2.5.4 J1850 Communications Controller
The 87C196LB microcon troller has a peri pheral no t found on the 8XC1 96Kx microcontrollers or
any other Lx microcontroller, the J1850 peripheral. The J1850 communications controller manages communications between multip le network nodes. This integrated peripheral s upports the
10.4 Kb/s VPW (variable pulse-width) medium-speed, class B, in-vehicle network protocol. It
also supports both the standard and in-frame response (IFR) message f raming as specified by the
Society of Automotive Engineering (SAE) J1850 (revised May 1994) technical standards.
2.6 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
With the exception of a few new multiplexed functions, the 8XC196Lx microcontrollers are pin
compatible with the 8XC1 96Jx microcontrollers . The 8XC196Jx microcontrollers are 52-lead
versions of 8XC196Kx microcontrollers. For registers that are implemented in both the
8XC196Lx and the 8XC196Jx, configure the 8XC196Lx register as y ou woul d fo r the 8XC 196Jx
unless differences are noted in this supplement.
2-7
Address Space
3
CHAPTER 3
ADDRESS SPACE
This chapter describes the differences in the address space of the 8XC196Lx from that of the
8XC196Kx.
3.1 ADDRESS PARTITIONS
Table 3-1 is an address map of the 8XC196Lx and 8XC196Kx microcontroller family members.
Table 3-1. Address Map
Device and Hex Address Range
JV
FFFF
E000
DFFF
2080
207F
2000
1FFF
1FE0
1FDF
1F00
1EFF
1E00
1DFF
1C00
FFFF
6000
5FFF
2080
207F
2000
1FFF
1FE0
1FDF
1F00
1EFF
1C00
LD
FFFF
8000
7FFF
2080
207F
2000
1FFF
1FE0
1FDF
1F00
1EFF
0300
LA, LB
JT, KT
FFFF
A000
9FFF
2080
207F
2000
1FFF
1FE0
1FDF
1F00
1EFF
1C00
CA
FFFF
A000
9FFF
2080
207F
2000
1FFF
1FE0
1FDF
1F00
1EFF
1E00
1DFF
1C00
—————
NOTES:
1. After a reset, the device fetches its first instruction from 2080H.
2. The content or function of these locations may change in future device revisions, in which case
a program that relies on a location in this range might not function properly.
JR, KR
FFFF
6000
5FFF
2080
207F
2000
1FFF
1FE0
1FDF
1F00
—————CAN SFRs
1EFF
1C00
Description
External device (memory
or I/O) connected to
address/data bus
Program memory
(internal nonvolatile or
external memory); see
Note 1
Special-purpose memory
(internal nonvolatile or
external memory)
Memory-mapped SFRs
Peripheral SFRs
(Includes J1850 SFRs on
87C196LB)
External device (memory
or I/O) connected to
address/data bus;
(future SFR expansion;
see Note 2)
Register RAM
Addressing
Modes
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect,
indexed, or
windowed
direct
Indirect,
indexed, or
windowed
direct
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect,
indexed, or
windowed
direct
3-1
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
Table 3-1. Address Map (Continued)
Device and Hex Address Range
CA
1BFF
0500
04FF
0400
—
03FF
0100
00FF
0000
NOTES:
1. After a reset, the device fetches its first instruction from 2080H.
2. The content or function of these locations may change in future device revisions, in which case
a program that relies on a location in this range might not function properly.
JR, KR
1BFF
0500
04FF
0400
03FF
0200
01FF
0100
00FF
0000
LD
1BFF
0600
——
05FF
0180
017F
0100
00FF
0000
LA, LB
—
———
02FF
0100
00FF
0000
JT, KT
1BFF
0600
05FF
0400
03FF
0100
00FF
0000
JV
1BFF
0600
05FF
0400
03FF
0100
00FF
0000
Description
External device (memory
or I/O) connected to
address/data bus
Internal code or data RAM
External device (memory
or I/O) connected to
address/data bus
Upper register file
(general-purpose register
RAM)
Lower register file
(register RAM, stack
pointer, and CPU SFRs)
Addressing
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect or
indexed
Indirect,
indexed, or
windowed
direct
Direct,
indirect, or
indexed
Modes
3.2 REGISTER FILE
Figure 3-1 compares the register file addresses of the 8XC196Lx and 8XC196Kx. The register
file in Figure 3-1 is divi ded int o an upper register f ile and a lower regi ster fi le. The u pper register
file consists of general-purpose register RAM. The lower register file contains general-purpose
register RAM along with the stack pointer (SP) and the CPU special-function registers (SFRs).
T ab le 3-2 lists the register file memory addresses. The RALU accesses the lower register file directly, without the use of the memory controller. It also accesses a windowed location directly
(see “Windowing” on page 3-6). The upper register file and the peripheral SFRs can be win-
dowed. Registers in the lower register file and registers being windowed can be accessed with
register-direct addressing.
NOTE
The register file must not contain code. An attempt to execute an instruction
from a location in the register file causes the memory controller to fetch the
instruc tion from external memory.
3-2
General-purpose
Register RAM
ADDRESS SPACE
Address
03FFH
(CA, JT, JV, KT)
02FFH (LA, LB)
01FFH (JR, KR)
017FH (LD)
Address
03FFH
0100H
00FFH
0000H
Upper
Register File
Lower
Register File
Figure 3-1. Register File Address Map
Table 3-2. Register File Memory Addresses
Device and Hex Address Range
JV CA,JT,KT LA, LB JR, KR LD
1DFF
1C00
03FF
0100
00FF
001A
0019
0018
0017
0000
— — — — Register RAM
03FF
0100
00FF
001A
0019
0018
0017
0000
02FF
0100
00FF
001A
0019
0018
0017
0000
01FF
0100
00FF
001A
0019
0018
0017
0000
017F
0100
00FF
001A
0019
0018
0017
0000
General-purpose
Register RAM
Stack Pointer
CPU SFRs
Description Addressing Modes
Upper register file (register RAM)
Lower register file (register RAM)
Lower register file (stack pointer)
Lower register file (CPU SFRs)
0100H
00FFH
001AH
0019H
0018H
0017H
0000H
A5260-01
Indirect, indexed, or
windowed direct
Indirect, indexed, or
windowed direct
Direct, indirect, or
indexed
Direct, indirect, or
indexed
Direct, indirect, or
indexed
3-3
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
3.3 PERIPHERAL SPECIAL-FUNCTION REGISTERS
T ab le 3-3 l ist s the p eriph eral SF R addr esses . High light ed addr esses are un ique to t he 8 XC196L x.
T ab le 3- 3. 8XC19 6Lx Peripheral SFRs
Ports 3, 4, 5, and UPROM SFRs Ports 0, 1, 2, and 6 SFRs
Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte
1FFEH P 4_PIN P3_PIN 1FDEH Reserved Reserved
1FFCH P4_REG P3_REG 1FDCH Reserved Reserved
1FFAH SLP_CON SLP_CMD 1FDAH Reserved P0_PIN
1FF8H Reserved SLP_STAT 1FD8H Reserved Reserved
1FF6H P5_PIN USFR 1FD6H P6_PIN P1_PIN
1FF4H P5_REG P34_DRV 1FD4H P6_REG P1_REG
1FF2H P5_DIR USFR1 (LA, LB) 1FD2H P6_DIR P1_DIR
1FF0H P5_MODE Reserved 1FD0H P6_MODE P1_MODE
1FEEH Reserved Reserved 1FCEH P2_PIN Reserved
1FECH Reserved Reserved 1FCCH P2_REG Reserved
1FEAH Reserved Reserved 1FCAH P2_DIR Reserved
1FE8H Reserved Reserved 1FC8H P2_MODE Reserved
1FE6H Reserved Reserved 1FC6H Reserved Reserved
1FE4H Reserved Reserved 1FC4H Reserved Reserved
1FE2H Reserved Reserved 1FC2H Reserved Reserved
1FE0H Reserved Reserved 1FC0H Reserved Reserved
†
Must be addressed as a word.
3-4
ADDRESS SPACE
Table 3-3. 8XC196Lx Peripheral SFRs (Continued)
SIO and SSIO SFRs EPA SFRs (Continued)
Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte
1FBEH Re served Reserved
1FBCH SP_BAUD (H) SP_BAUD (L) 1F7CH Reserved EPA7_CON
1FBAH SP_CON SBUF_TX
1FB8H SP_STATUS SBUF_RX 1F78H Reser ved EPA6_CON
1FB6H SSIO1_CLK Reserved
1FB4H SSIO0_CLK SSIO_BAUD 1F74H Reserved EPA5_CON
1FB2H SSIO1_CON SSIO1_BUF
1FB0H SSIO0_CON S SIO0_BUF 1F70H Reserved EPA4_CON
A/D SFRs (LA, LB Only)
Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte
1FAEH AD_TIME AD_TEST
1FACH Reserved AD_COMMAND 1F68H Reserved EPA2_CON
1FAAH AD_RESULT (H) AD_RESULT (L)
EPA Interrupt SFRs
Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte
1FA8H Reserved EPAIPV 1F60H Reserved EPA0_CON
1FA6H Reserved EPA_PEND1 J1850 SFRs (LB Only)
1FA4H Reserved EPA_MASK1 Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte
†
1FA2H EP A_PEND (H) EPA_PEND (L) 1F5EH Reserved Reserved
†
1FA0H EPA_MASK (H) EPA_MASK (L) 1F5CH Reser ved Reserved
Timer 1, Timer 2, and EPA SFRs 1F5AH Reser ved Reserved
Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte 1F58H Reserved J_DLY
†
1F9EH TIMER2 (H) TIMER2 (L) 1F56H Reserved Reserved
1F9CH Reserved T2CONTROL 1F54H Reserved J_CFG
†
1F9AH TIMER1 (H) TIMER1 (L) 1F52H J_STAT J_RX
1F98H Reserved T1CONTROL 1F50H J_CMD J_TX
1F96H Reserved Reserved
1F94H Reserved Reserved
1F92H Reserved RST_SRC
1F90H Reserved Reserved
EPA SFRs
Address High (Odd) Byte Low (Even) Byte
†
1F8EH COMP1_TIME (H) COMP1_TIME (L)
1F8CH Re served COMP1_CON
†
1F8AH COMP0_TIME (H) COMP0_TIME (L)
1F88H Reserved COMP0_CON
†
1F86H EPA9_TIME (H) E PA9_TIME (L)
1F84H Reserved EPA9_CON
†
1F82H EPA8_TIME (H) E PA8_TIME (L)
1F80H Reserved EPA8_CON
†
Must be addressed as a word.
†
1F7EH EPA7_TIME (H) EPA7_TIME (L)
†
1F7AH EPA6_TIME (H) EPA6_TIME (L)
†
1F76H EPA5_TIME (H) EPA5_TIME (L)
†
1F72H EPA4_TIME (H) EPA4_TIME (L)
†
1F6EH EPA3_TIME (H) EPA3_TIME (L)
†
1F6CH EPA3_CON (H) EPA3_CON (L)
†
1F6AH EPA2_TIME (H) EPA2_TIME (L)
†
1F66H EPA1_TIME (H) EPA1_TIME (L)
†
1F64H EPA1_CON (H) EPA1_CON (L)
†
1F62H EPA0_TIME (H) EPA0_TIME (L)
3-5
8XC196LX SUPPLEMENT
3.4 WINDOWING
Windowing maps a segment of higher memory (the upper register file or peripheral SFRs) into
the lower register file. The window selection register (WSR) selects a 32-, 64- or 128-byte segment of higher memory to be windowed into the top of the lower register file space. Table 3-4
lists the WSR values for windowing the upper register file for both the 8XC196Lx and
8XC196Kx.
Table 3-4. Windows
Base
Address
Peripheral SFRs
1FE0H 7FH (Note)
1FC0H 7EH
1FA0H 7DH
1F60H 7BH
1F40H 7AH
1F20H 79H
CAN Peripheral SFRs (87C196CA Only)
1EE0H 77H
1EC0H 76H
1EA0H 75H
1E60H 73H
1E40H 72H
1E20H 71H
Register RAM (87C196JV Only)
1DE0H 6FH
1DC0H 6EH
1DA0H 6DH
1D60H 6BH
1D40H 6AH
1D20H 69H
NOTE: Locations 1FE0–1FFFH contain memory-mapped SFRs that cannot be accessed through a
window. Reading these locations through a window returns FFH; writing these locations
through a window has no effect.
WSR Value
for 32-byte Window
(00E0–00FFH)
WSR Value
for 64-byte Window
(00C0–00FFH)
3FH (Note)
3EH1F80H 7CH
3DH
3CH1F00H 78H
3BH
3AH1E80H 74H
39H
38H1E00H 70H
37H
36H1D80H 6CH
35H
34H1D00H 68H
WSR Value for
128-byte
Window
(0080–00FFH)
1FH (Note)
1EH
1DH
1CH
1BH
1AH
3-6
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