The IDT logo is a registered trademark and ORION, R4600, R4640, R4650, R4700, R5000, RV5000, and RISController are trademarks of Integrated Device Technology, Inc. MIPS is a registered
trademark of MIPS Computer Systems, Inc.
COMMERCIAL TEMPERATURE RANGE
1998 Integrated Device Technology, Inc.1
June, 1998
IDT RC5000 COMMERCIAL TEMPERATURE RANGE
DESCRIPTION
The RC5000 serves many performance critical
embedded applications, such as high-end internetworking systems, color printers, and graphics terminals.
The RC5000 is optimized for high-performa nce appli cations, with special emphasis on s ystem bandwidth and
floating point operations, through integration of highperformance computa t io nal un its a nd a high-performance
memory hierarchy. For this class of applica tion, the result
is a relatively low-cost CPU capable of approximately 330
Dhrystone MIPS.
IDT’s objectives in offering the RC5000 include:
•Offering a high performance upgrade path to existing
embedded customers in the internetworking, office
automation and visualization markets.
•Providing a significant improvement in the floating-
point performance currently available in a moderately
priced MIPS CPU.
•Providing improvements in the memory hierarchy of
desktop systems by using large primary caches and
integrating a secondary cache controller.
•Enabling improvements in performance through the
use of the MIPS-IV ISA.
Instruction Issue Mechanism
The RC5000 recognizes two general classes of
instructions for multi-issue:
• Floating-point ALU
• All others
These instruction classes are pre-decoded by the
RC5000, as they are brough t on-chip. The pre-de coded
information is stored in the instruction cache.
Assuming that there are no pending resource
conflicts, the RC5000 can issue one instr uction per cl ass
per pipeline clock cycle. Note that this broad separation of
classes insures that there are no data dependencies to
restrict multi-issue.
However, long-latency resources in either the floatingpoint ALU (e.g. DIV or SQRT instru ctions) or instr uctions
in the integer unit (such as multiply) can restrict the issue
of instructions. Note that the R5000 does not perform outof-order or speculative execution; instead, the pipeline
slips until the required resource becomes available.
There are no alignment restrictions on dual-issue
instruction pairs. The RC5000 fetches two instructions
from the cache per cycl e. Thus, for optimal performance,
compilers should atte mpt to align branch target s to allow
dual-issue on the first target cycle, since the instruction
cache only performs aligned fetches.
Integer Pipeline
The RC5000 is a limited dual-issue machine that
utilizes a traditional 5-stage integer pipeline. This basic
integer pipeline of the RC5000 is illustrated in Figure 1.
The integer instruction execution speed is tabulated
(in number of pipeline clocks) as follows:
The RC5000’s short pipeline keeps the load and
branch latencies very low. The caches contain special
logic that allows any com bination of loads and stores to
execute in back-to-back cycles without requiring pipelin e
slips or stalls. (This p resumes, o f course, that th e operation does not miss in the cache.)
Instruction Set Architecture
The RC5000 implements the MIPS-IV 64-bit ISA,
including CP1 and CP1X functional units (and their
instruction se t).
The RC5000 contains the following computational units:
Integer ALU
. The RC5000 implements a full, single-cycle 64-bit ALU for all integer ALU functions other than
multiply and divide. Bypassing is used to support back-to-back ALU operations at the full pipeline rate, without requiring
stalls for data dependencies.
Integer Multiply/Divide Unit
. This unit is separated from the primary ALU, to allow these longer latency operations
to run in parallel with oth er operations. The pipe line stalls only if an attempt to ac cess the HI or LO r egisters is mad e
before the operation completes.
Floating-point ALU
. This unit is res ponsible for all CP1/CP1X ALU operations other t han DIV/SQRT. The unit is
pipelined to allow a single-cycle repeat rate for single-precision operations
Floating-point DIV/SQRT unit
. This unit is separated from the other floating-point ALU, so that these long latency
operations do not prevent the issue of other floating point operations.
In addition, the RC5000 implements separate logical units to implement loads, stores, and branches.
Electrical Specifications
Operating Frequency
The input clock operates in a frequency range of 33MHz to 100MHz. The pipeline frequency for the RC5000 is 2 to
8 times the input clock (up to the maximum for the speed grade of CPU).
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
The RC5000 utilizes special packaging techni ques, to improve the thermal propertie s of high-speed proces sors.
The RC5000 is packaged using cavity down packagin g in a 223-pin PGA package with integral th ermal slug, and a
272-pin BGA package. These packages effectively dissipate the power of the CPU, increasing device reliability.
3
IDT RC5000 COMMERCIAL TEMPERATURE RANGE
The RC5000 utilizes an all-aluminum package with
the die attached to a normal co pper lead frame moun ted
to the aluminum casing. D ue to the hea t-s prea di ng e ffect
of the aluminum, the package allows for an efficient
thermal transfer between the die and the case. The
aluminum offers less internal r esistance from one end of
the package to the other, reducing the temperature
gradient across the package and therefore presenting a
greater area for convection and conduction to the PCB for
a given temperature. Even nominal amounts of airflow will
dramatically reduce the junction temperature of the die,
resulting in cooler operatio n.
The RC5000 is guaranteed in a case temperature
range of 0° to +85° C. The type of package, speed
(power) of the device, and airflow conditions affect the
equivalent ambient temperature co nditions that will meet
this specification.
The equivalent allowable ambient temperature, T
A
can be calculated using the thermal resistance from case
to ambient (
) of the given package. The following
∅
CA
equation relates ambient and case temperatures:
A
= T
C
- P *
∅
CA
T
where P is the maximum power consumpt ion at hot
temperature, calculated by using the maximum I
fication for the device. Typical values for
∅
CC
at various
CA
speci-
airflows are shown in Table 1.
CA
∅
DATA SHEET REVISION HISTORY
Changes to version dated January 1996:
Pin Description section:
- Corrected pin list for Clock/Control, Initialization,
and Secondary Cache interfac es.
Advance Pin-Out section:
- Changed pins AA19 and AA21 from Vcc to Vss.
Changes to version dated March 1997:
- Upgraded data sheet status from “Preliminary” to
Final.
- Added section on thermal considerations
- Added section on absolute maximum ratings
Changes to version dated June 1997:
- Revised Power Consumption and System Interface
Parameters
,
Changes to version dated September 1997:
- Added user notation on Boot Mode Bits 20 and 33
for 200 MHz frequency
Changes to version dated June 1998:
- Added 250 MHz; changed naming conventions
Airflow (ft/min)02004006008001000
PGA167532.52
BGA146432.52
Table 1. Thermal Resistance (∅CA) at Various Airflows
Note:
The RC5000 implements advanced power
management to substantially reduce the average power
dissipation of the device. This operation is described in
RC5000 implements a bus similar to that of the RC4700. Table 2 lists and describes the RC5000 signals.
Pin NameTypeDescription
System interface
ExtRqst*
Release*
RdRdy*
WrRdy*
ValidIn*
ValidOut*
SysAD(63:0)
SysADC(7:0)
SysCmd(8:0)
:
InputExternal Request.
Signals that the system interface needs to submit an external request.
OutputRelease Interface.
Signals that the processor is releasing the system interface to slave state
InputRead Ready.
Signals that an external agent can now accept a processor read.
InputWrite Ready.
Signals that an external agent can now accept a processor write request.
InputValid Input.
Signals that an external agent is now driving a valid address or data on the SysAD bus and a valid command or data identifier on the SysCmd bus.
OutputValid Output.
Signals that the processor is now driving a valid address or data on the SysAD bus and a valid command or data identifier on the SysCmd bus.
Input/OutputSystem Address/Data bus.
A 64-bit address and data bus for communication between the processor and an external agent.
Input/OutputSystem Address/Data check bus.
An 8-bit bus containing parity check bits for the SysAD bus during data bus cycles.
Input/OutputSystem Command/data identifier bus.
A 9-bit bus for command and data identifier transmission between the processor and an external agent.
SysCmdP
Clock/control inter face:
SysClock
VCCP
VSSP
Interrupt interface:
Int(5:0)*
NMI*
JT AG interface:
JTDI
JTCK
JTDO
Input/OutputReserved System Command/data identifier bus parity.
For the RC5000, unused on input and zero on output.
InputMaster Clock.
Master clock input at the bus frequency. The pipeline clock is derived by multiplying this clock up.
InputQuiet VCC for PLL.
Quiet VCC for the internal phase locked loop.
InputQuiet VSS for PLL.
Quiet VSS for the internal phase locked loop.
InputInterrupt.
Six general processor interrupts, bit-wise ORed with bits 5:0 of the interrupt register.
InputNon-maskable interrupt.
Non-maskable interrupt, ORed with bit 6 of the interrupt register.
InputJTAG Data In.
Connected directly to JTDO. No JTAG implemented; should be pulled High.
InputJTAG Clock Input.
Unused input; should be pulled High.
OutputJTAG Data Out.
Connected directly to JTDI. If no external scan used, this is a no connect.
Table 2. RC5000 Signal Names and Descriptions (Page 1 of 2)
6
IDT RC5000 COMMERCIAL TEMPERATURE RANGE
Pin NameTypeDescription
JTMS
Initialization interface:
VCCOk
ColdReset*
Reset*
ModeClock
ModeIn
BigEndian
Secondary cache interface:
InputJTAG Command.
Unused input. Should be pulled High.
InputVCC is OK.
When asserted, this signal indicates to the RC5000 that the power supply has been aboveVcc minimum for more than 100 milliseconds and will remain stable. The assertion of VCCOk initiates the reading of the boot-time mode control serial stream.
InputCold Reset.
This signal must be asserted for a power on reset or a cold reset. ColdReset must be de-asserted synchronously with SysClock.
InputReset.
This signal must be asserted for any reset sequence. It may be asserted synchronously or asynchronously for a cold reset, or synchronously to initiate a warm reset. Reset must be synchronously deasserted with SysClock.
OutputB oot Mode Clock.
Serial boot-mode data clock output at the system clock frequency divided by two hundred and fifty six.
InputBoot Mode Data In.
Serial boot-mode data input.
InputEndian mode select.
Allows the system to change the processor addressing mode without rewriting the mode ROM. If endianness is to be specified by using the BigEndian pin, program mode ROM bit 8 to 0; if endianness is to
be specified by the mode ROM, ground the BigEndian pin.
ScCLR*
ScCWE*(1:0)
ScDCE*(1:0)
ScDOE*
ScLine (15:0)
ScMATCH
ScTCE*
ScTDE*
ScTOE*
ScWord (1:0)
ScValid
Output
Output
Output
Input
Output
Input
Output
Output
Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Secondary Cache Block Clear.
Clears all valid bits in those Tag RAM’s which support this function.
Secondary Cache Write Enable.
Asserted during writes to the secondary cache
Data RAM Chip Enable.
Chip Enable for Secondary Cache Data RAM
Data RAM Output Enable.
Asserted by the external agent to enable data onto the SysAD bus
Data RAM Output Enable.
Cache line index for secondary cache
Secondary cache Tag Match.
Asserted by Tag RAM on Secondary cache tag match
Secondary cache Tag RAM Chip Enable.
Chip enable for secondary cache tag RAM.
Secondary cache Tag RAM Data Enable.
Data Enable for Secondary Cache Tag RAM.
Secondary cache Tag RAM Output Enable.
Tag RAM Output enable for Secondary Cache Tag RAM’s
Secondary cache Word Index.
Determines correct double-word of Secondary cache Index
Secondary cache Valid.
Always driven by the CPU except during a cache probe operation, when it is driven by the tag RAM.
Table 2. RC5000 Signal Names and Descriptions (Page 2 of 2)
7
IDT RC5000 COMMERCIAL TEMPERATURE RANGE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
1
RC5000
3.3V±5%
SymbolRating
V
TERM
Terminal Voltage with
(2)
–0.5
to +4.6V
UnitCommercial
respect to GND
T
C
Operating Temperature
0 to +85
C
°
(case)
T
BIAS
Case Temperature
–55 to +125
C
°
Under Bias
T
STG
I
IN
I
OUT
NOTES:
1. Stresses greater than those listed under ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating
only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is
not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability.
minimum = –2.0V for pulse width less than 15ns. VIN should not exceed V
2. V
IN
3. When V
4. Not more than one output should be shorted at a time. Duration of the short should not exceed 30 seconds.
< 0V or VIN > V
IN
CC.
Storage Temperature–55 to +125
DC Input Current20
DC Output Current50
(3)
(4)
+0.5 Volts.
CC
C
°
mA
mA
RECOMMENDED OPERATION TEMPERATURE AND SUPPLY VOLTAGE
RC5000
GradeTemperatureGND
Commercial0°C to +85°C (Case)0V3.3V±5%
V
CC
8
IDT RC5000 COMMERCIAL TEMPERATURE RANGE
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC= 3.3V± 5%; T
Clock Parameters—RC5000
= 0°C to +85°C )
case
ParameterSymbol
SysClock HIGHt
SysClock LOWt
SysClock Frequency—33903310033125MHz
SysClock Period
SysClock Rise Timet
SysClock Fall Timet
ModeClock Periodt
Integrated Device Technology, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the specifications in this data sheet in order to improve design or performance and to supply the best possible product.
Integrated Device Technology, Inc.
2975 Stender Way, Santa Clara, CA 95054-3090 Telephone: (408) 727-6116 FAX 408-492-8674
16
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