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BTS3601C-800
Users Manual
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Huawei BTS3601C-800 Users Manual

User Manual iSiteC BTS3601C CDMA Base Station
System Description
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 System Overview .................................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Network Solution of cdma2000 1X System........................................................1-1
1.1.2 Market Orientation of BTS3601C.......................................................................1-3
1.3.1 Engineering Index............................................................................................1-5
1.3.2 Protection Index...............................................................................................1-5
1.3.3 Capacity Index.................................................................................................1-6
1.3.4 Performance Index...........................................................................................1-6
1.4.1 Um Interface....................................................................................................1-8
1.4.2 Abis Interface................................................................................................1-11
1.4.3 Other Interface...............................................................................................1-15
1.5.1 Hardware Reliability Design............................................................................1-16
1.5.2 Software Reliability Design.............................................................................1-18
Chapter 2 System Architecture.............................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Appearance.....................................................................................................2-1
2.1.2 Functional Structure.........................................................................................2-2
2.2.1 Structure and Principle.....................................................................................2-3
2.2.2 External Interface.............................................................................................2-7
2.2.3 Key Index........................................................................................................2-8
2.3.1 Structure and Principle.....................................................................................2-9
2.3.2 External Interface...........................................................................................2-11
2.3.3 Key Index......................................................................................................2-12
2.4.1 Structure and Principle...................................................................................2-12
2.4.2 External Interface...........................................................................................2-13
2.4.3 Key Index......................................................................................................2-14
2.5.1 Structure and Principle...................................................................................2-14
2.5.2 External Interface...........................................................................................2-15
2.5.3 Key Index......................................................................................................2-16
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User Manual iSiteC BTS3601C CDMA Base Station
System Description
Table of Contents
2.6.1 Structure and Principle...................................................................................2-16
2.6.2 External Interface...........................................................................................2-16
2.6.3 Key Index......................................................................................................2-17
2.8.1 RF Antenna & Feeder ....................................................................................2-18
2.8.2 Dual-Satellite Synchronization Antenna and Feeder.........................................2-20
Chapter 3 System Function..................................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 Speech Service Call Procedure.........................................................................3-1
3.1.2 Data Service Call Procedure.............................................................................3-4
3.4.1 Power Control................................................................................................3-11
3.4.2 Handoff.........................................................................................................3-13
3.4.3 Radio Configuration and Channel Support.......................................................3-13
3.4.4 Diversity Receiving.........................................................................................3-19
3.4.5 Cell Breath ....................................................................................................3-19
3.5.1 Loading Management.....................................................................................3-19
3.5.2 Configuration Management.............................................................................3-20
3.5.3 Equipment Management.................................................................................3-24
3.5.4 Status Management.......................................................................................3-26
3.5.5 Tracing Management.....................................................................................3-28
3.5.6 Test Management..........................................................................................3-29
3.6.1 Lightning Protection for Power Supply.............................................................3-30
3.6.2 Lightning Protection for Trunk Line..................................................................3-31
3.6.3 Lightning Protection for Antenna and Feeder System.......................................3-31
3.7.1 BTS Configuration..........................................................................................3-32
3.7.2 BTS Networking.............................................................................................3-33
Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter .......................................................A-1
A.1.1 Frequency Coverage ......................................................................................A-1
A.1.2 Access Probe Acquisition................................................................................ A-1
A.1.3 R-TCH Demodulation Performance..................................................................A-1
A.1.4 Receiving Performance...................................................................................A-8
A.1.5 Limitation on Emission.................................................................................... A-9
A.1.6 RSQI .............................................................................................................A-9
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System Description
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A.2.1 Frequency Requirement................................................................................ A-10
A.2.2 Modulation Requirement............................................................................... A-10
A.2.3 RF Output Power Requirement...................................................................... A-11
A.2.4 Limitation on Emission.................................................................................. A-11
Appendix B EMC Performance............................................................................................B-1
Appendix C Environment Requirement...............................................................................C-1
Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation...............................................................................D-1
D.5.1 Exclusion Zone...............................................................................................D-4
D.5.2 Guidelines on Selecting Antenna Location .......................................................D-4
Appendix E Standard Compliance.......................................................................................E-1
Appendix F Abbreviation..................................................................................................... F-1
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User Manual iSiteC BTS3601C CDMA Base Station
Chapter 1 System Overview
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
1.1 Introduction
The Mobile Communication System has experienced the first generation (analog system) and the second generation (digital system). As the one of the main development trends of the second generation, cdma2000 1X mobile communication system has been widely used for commercial purpose.
This section first introduces the network solution of Huawei cdma2000 1X mobile communication system, and then introduces the market orientation of Huawei outdoor type Base Transceiver Station (BTS) BTS3601C.
1.1.1 Network Solution of cdma2000 1X System
The cdma2000 1X mobile communication system comprises the Base Station Subsystem (BSS) and the Core Network (CN).
The BSS comprises the Base Transceiver Station, Base Station Controller (BSC), and Packet Control Function (PCF) which is usually integrated with BSC.
The CN comprises the packet domain network and circuit domain network. The equipment of packet domain interworks with Internet, and that of the circuit domain interworks with the conventional PLMN and PSTN/ISDN.
The system's operation and maintenance is implemented via Huawei integrated mobile network management system iManager M2000.
Figure 1-1 shows the network of cdma2000 1X system. This manual aims to introduce the BTS of the BSS part, therefore this figure details the network structure of BSS.
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User Manual
Mobile integrated
iSiteC BTS3601C CDMA Base Station
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
management system
MS
MS
ODU3601C
MS
ODU3601C
ODU3601C
cBTS3612
BTS3601C
cBTS3612
BTS3601C
Abis
Abis
cBTS3612
Abis
BSC/PCF
A3/A7
BSC/PCF
A10/A11
A10/A11
A1/A2
A1/A2
Packet domain
network equipment
Circuit domain
network equipment
BSS CN
MS: Mobile Station BSC: Base Station Controller ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network PCF: Packet Control Function BSS: Base Station Subsystem CN: Core Network
Figure 1-1 Network structure of Huawei cdma2000 1X mobile communication system
l BTS3601C
Internet
PLMN
PSTN/ISDN
BTS3601C is an outdoor one-carrier BTS. It transmits/receives radio signals so as to realize the communication between the radio network system and the Mobile Station (MS).
l cBTS3612
cBTS3612 is an indoor BTS equipment. The maximum capacity of single cabinet contains 12 sector-carriers. Same with BTS3601C, it also transmits/receives radio signals to accomplish the communication between the radio network system and the MS.
l ODU3601C
ODU3601C is a single-carrier outdoor BTS. It shares the resource of its upper -level BTS, including baseband processing unit, main control unit and clock unit. It implements radio signal transmission and reception together with the upper-level BTS.
l Base Station Controller (BSC)
BSC performs the following functions: BTS control and management, call connection and disconnection, mobility management, power control, and radio resource management. It provides stable and reliable radio connections for the upper-level services through soft/hard handoff.
l Packet Control Function (PCF)
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PCF is used for the management of Radio-Packet (R-P) connection. As radio resources are limited, they should be released when subscribers are not sending or receiving information, but the Peer-Peer Protocol (PPP) connection must be maintained. PCF shields the radio mobility against the upper-level services through the handoff function.
l Mobile Station (MS)
MS is mobile subscriber equipment that can originate and receive calls, and can communicate with BTS.
1.1.2 Market Orientation of BTS3601C
Huawei BTS3601C is fully compatible with IS-95A/B and IS-2000 standards. BTS3601C is an outdoor BTS, configured with one carrier. It features small size, easy
installation, flexible networking, less investment and fast network construction. BTS3601C can be used in residential quarters and urban hot spots / blind spots, and provide small-capacity wide-coverage for remote areas (such as rural area, grassland, highway, scenic spots).
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
1.2 System Feature
BTS3601C is a highly integrated product which can satisfy customer's different demands for capacity, configuration, installation, power supply, transmission and services. It is a typical "All In One" BTS with the following features:
I. Convenient operation and maintenance
l It provides remote centralized maintenance and alarm reporting, real-time status
query, on-line board test and system fault locating, as well as system restart.
l A Telnet Server is provided, through which users can log on to BTS3601C in the
standard Telnet mode via the local Ethernet interface for operation and maintenance.
l Its modularized structure reduces the internal connections and improves the
reliability of the system, and thus makes the installation and maintenance easier.
l In the case of system interruption due to power supply or transmission causes,
the BTS3601C can restart automatically right after the faults are cleared.
II. Flexible configuration and networking
l Its Abis interface supports 1 E1 or 1 Synchronization Transfer Mode 1 (STM-1)
port, which can be configured flexibly.
l BTS3601C can be configured into an omni or directional BTS. If equipped with
power splitter, it can be configured in the S(0.5/0.5) mode.
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l It supports various configuration modes like S(1/1) and S(1/1/1) through
cascading ODU3601Cs.
l For optical transmission, it supports chain and ring networking modes.
Configuration and networking details are available in "3.7 Configuration and Networking"
&
Note:
To meet the actual implementation requirements, the external E1 interface of BTS3601C can be confiured as the T1 interface. Unless otherwise specified, the following description about E1 interface is
also applicable to T1 interface.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
III. Support for multi-bands
BTS3601C supports 450MHz and 800MHz bands, therefore, it can be applied in the 450MHz communication system and the 800MHz communication system.
IV. Hierarchical power supply
If the BTS3601C is equipped with a 40AH storage battery, it can keep working normally for 1 hour after the AC power is broken off, then the power amplification module will be switched off, and the BTS can maintain transmission for another 8 hours.
V. Easy installation
Featuring small size, light weight and mains supply, BTS3601C does not require an equipment room or air conditioner. It neither requires a special tower as it can be easily installed on a metal post, stayed tower or on the wall. All these can reduce the site construction cost without affecting the network quality.
VI. Excellent protection performance
Equipped with built-in power supply unit, temperature control unit and equipment monitoring unit, it can be applied in any severe environment.
BTS3601C is dust-proof, anti-burglary, water-proof, damp-proof. With its protection performance in compliance with the IP55 (IEC 60529: Degrees of protection provided by enclosure), it operates normally in different whether conditions.
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VII. Pleasing appearance
Huawei BTS3601C has a compact structure and is aesthetically designed, which makes it an attractive solution for both indoor and outdoor facilities.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
1.3 Technical Index
The technical indices include engineering, protection, capacity and performance indices.
The engineering indices include power supply, power consumption, weight, dimensions and other indices involved in engineering installation.
The protection indices refer to the capabilities of the main external interfaces against surge current.
The capacity indices include the carrier capacity and channel capacity. The performance indices refer to the technical parameters of its transceiver and the
reliability indices of the whole system.
1.3.1 Engineering Index
Power supply
Power consumption
Weight
Operation environment
Cabinet dimensions
(height%width%depth)
~220V (150~300V AC) <350W (In normal temperature, while the heating plate is not working) 　
<700W (In low temperature, while the heating plate is working) <45kg Temperature: -40âC~+55âC
Relative humidity 5%~100% 700mm%450mm%330mm
1.3.2 Protection Index
E1 interface
RF feeder interface
AC power supply interface
(for connecting AC lightning
protection box)
Satellite feeder interface (for
connecting lightning arrestor
for satellite feeder)
Differential mode 5kA, or common mode 10kA surge current Differential mode 8kA, or common mode 8kA surge current
Differential mode 40kA, or common mode 40kA surge current
Differential mode 8kA, or common mode 8kA surge current
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1.3.3 Capacity Index
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
Number of sector-carriers
Number of channels
1.3.4 Performance Index
I. Transmission
l 450MHz band
Working frequency Channel bandwidth
Channel precision
Frequency tolerance [!
l 800MHz band
Frequency coverage
Channel bandwidth
Transmit power
Configuration of single-BTS: 1 sector-carrier Configuration of cascaded ODU3601Cs: 3 sector-carriers 96 reverse channels and 192 forward channels, satisfying the 3 sector-carriers application
460~470MHz
1.23MHz 25kHz
0.05ppm
20W (the maximum value measured at the feeder port of the cabinet)
869Ã894MHz
1.23MHz
Channel step length
Frequency tolerance [!
Transmit power
II. Reception
l 450MHz band
Signal receiving sensitivity
Working frequency Channel bandwidth
Channel precision
l 800MHz band
30kHz
0.05ppm
20W (the maximum value measured at the feeder port of the cabinet)
450Ã460MHz
1.23MHz 25kHz
-127dBm (RC3, main and diversity reception)
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Working frequency
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
824Ã849MHz
Channel bandwidth
Channel step length
Signal receiving sensitivity
1.23MHz 30kHz
-128dBm (RC3, main and diversity reception)
III. System reliability
Mean Time Between Failures
(MTBF)
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) [
Availability m
100,000 hour
m
1 hour
99.999%
&
Note:
Reliability refers to the product capability of performing specified functions under the specified conditions and in specified time. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): applicable to recoverable systems. Mean Time To Repair (MTTR): including the time of fault checking, isolation, unit replacement and recovery.
Availability (A): a comprehensive index to measure the system availability.
1.4 External Interface
The external interfaces of BTS3601C are shown in the Figure 1-2.
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User Manual iSiteC BTS3601C CDMA Base Station
Satellite
Satellite
Um interface
Um interface
MS
MS
Sync. Interface
Sync. Interface
Figure 1-2 External interfaces of BTS3601C
l Um interface: Interface with MS. l Abis interface: Interface with BSC. l Operation and Maintenance Link (OML) interface: Interface with the remote OMC.
It shares the transmission resources with Abis interface.
l Local Maintenance Function (LMF) interface: Interface with BTS local
maintenance console.
l System synchronization interface: Including GPS/GLONASS antenna interface
and system external synchronization interface. When GPS/GLONASS is not available and there is other clock synchronization equipment, the clock synchronization signals of the equipment can be output to the external synchronization interface of BTS3601C system.
l BTS test interface: Interface for BTS test, providing such signals as 10MHz and
2s signal.
Test
Test
equipment
equipment
Clock test
Clock test interface
interface
BTS3601C
BTS3601C
LMF interface
LMF interface
LMF
LMF
Abis interface
Abis interface
OML interface
OML interface
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
BSC
BSC
OMC
OMC
1.4.1 Um Interface
I. Overview
In Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), MS is connected with the fixed part of the network through the radio channel. The radio channel allows the subscribers to be connected with the network and to enjoy telecommunication services.
To implement interconnection between MS and BSS, systematic rules and standards should be established for signal transmission on radio channels. The standard for regulating radio channel signal transmission is called radio interface, or Um interface.
Um interface is the most important interface among the many interfaces of CDMA system. Firstly, standardized radio interface ensures that MSs of different
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manufacturers are fully compatible with different networks. This is one of the fundamental conditions for realizing the roaming function of CDMA system. Secondly, radio interface defines the spectrum availability and capacity of CDMA system.
Um interface is defined with the following features:
l Channel structure and access capacity. l Communication protocol between MS and BSS. l Maintenance and operation features. l Performance features. l Service features.
II. Um interface protocol model
Um interface protocol stack is in 3 layers, as shown in Figure 1-3.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
Figure 1-3 Um interface layered structure
Layer 1 is the physical layer, that is, the bottom layer. It includes various physical channels, and provides a basic radio channel for the transmission of higher layer information.
Layer 2 is the data link layer, including Medium Access Control (MAC) sublayer and Link Access Control (LAC) sublayer. The MAC sublayer performs the mapping between logical channels and physical channels, and provides Radio Link Protocol (RLP) function. The LAC sublayer performs such functions as authentication, Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), addressing and packet organization.
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Layer 3 is the top layer. It performs Radio Resource Management (RM), Mobility Management (MM) and Connection Management (CM) through the air interface.
III. Physical layer
1) Working band
Band Forward band Reverse band
450MHz 460 - 470MHz 450 - 460MHz 10MHz 1.23 MHz 1.25 MHz 800MHz 869 - 894 MHz 824 - 849 MHz 45MHz 1.23 MHz 1.23 MHz
2) Physical layer function
l Service bearer: the physical channel in the physical layer provides bearer for the
logical channel of the higher layer.
l Bit error check: the physical layer provides transmission service with error
protection function, including error checking and error correction.
l User identification: the physical layer provides an exclusive ID for every user by
code division.
3) Radio configuration
Duplex
spacing
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
Channel width Carrier spacing
The physical layer supports multiple Radio Configurations (RCs). Different RCs support different traffic channel data rates. For detailed introduction, please refer to Section 3.4.3 Radio Configuration and Channel Support.
IV. Data link layer
Data link layer at Um interface includes two sublayers, MAC and LAC. The purpose of introducing MAC and LAC is to:
l Support higher level services (signaling, voice, packet data and circuit data). l Support data services of multiple rates. l Support packet data service and circuit data service of higher quality (QoS). l Support multi-media service, that is, processing voices, packet data and circuit
data of different QoS levels at the same time.
1) MAC sublayer To support data service and multi-media service, cdma2000 1X provides powerful
MAC layer to ensure the reliability of services. MAC layer provides two important functions:
l Radio Link Protocol (RLP), ensuring reliable transmission on the radio link. l Multiplex function and QoS function, with diversified services and higher service
quality.
2) LAC sublayer LAC layer performs such functions as Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ),
authentication and addressing.
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V. Layer 3
The higher layer signaling performs the functions such as radio resource management, mobility management and call connection management on air interface.
1) Radio resource management The radio resource management functions include:
l Radio channel management
It is used to establish, operate and release radio channels, and help to realize soft handoff, softer handoff and hard handoff.
l Power control
Various power control technologies are used on Um interface to reduce the system interference and improve the system capacity.
2) Mobility management It is used to support the mobility features of the mobile subscriber, performing such
functions as registration, authentication and Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) re-allocation.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
3) Connection management It is used to setup, maintain and terminate calls.
1.4.2 Abis Interface
I. Overview
Abis interface is defined as the interface between BSC and BTS, the two functional entities in the Base Station Subsystem (BSS). It is the interface defined for BTS accessing BSC via the terrestrial link.
1) Structure of Abis interface Abis interface consists of three parts: Abis traffic, Abis signaling and OML signaling,
as shown in Figure 1-4. Abis traffic is the interface connecting SDU of BSC and the CEs of BTS. It is used to
bear user traffic. Abis signaling is the interface connecting SPU of BSC and the MC of BTS, It is used
to control the cell setup, transmission of messages over paging channels and access channels, and call setup & release.
OML signaling is used to perform operation and maintenance. It is defined by equipment manufacturers. On Abis interface, there is a transparent channel used to bear OML between OMC and OMU of BTS.
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Abis Interface
Abis Interface
SPU: Signaling Processing Unit CEs: Channel Elements SDU: Selection/Distribution Unit OMU: Operation and Maintenance Unit MC: Main Control unit
MC
MC
Signaling
Signaling
Abis
Abis
CEs
CEs
BTS
BTS
Abis
Abis
Traffic
Traffic
OML
OML
OMU
OMU
SPU
SPU
BSC
BSC
SDU
SDU
OMU
OMU
OML
OML
Abis
Abis
Traffic
Traffic
CEs
CEs
BTS
BTS
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
Abis
Abis
Signaling
Signaling
MC
MC
Figure 1-4 Composition of Abis interface
&
Note:
The CFMR (CDMA radio frame process (FP MAC RLC) board) board of BSC carrys out the SDU function, and the CSPU (CDMA Signal Process Unit) board of BSC carrys out the SPU function, the
MBPB board of BTS3601C carrys out the MC, CEs and OMU fouctions.
2) Protocol stack of Abis interface The protocol stack used by Abis signaling and the signaling for operation &
maintenance is as follows:
Abis Signaling Application/OAM ApplicationAbis Signaling Application/OAM Application
TCP
IP
AAL5
ATM
Physical Layer
Protocol stack used by Abis traffic is as follows:
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Abis Traffic
SSSAR
AAL2
ATM
Physical Layer
II. Physical layer
The physical layer of Abis interface can use E1 interface or STM-1 interface. Each BTS3601C has an E1 link connected with BSC. It realizes transmission through
the ATM User Network Interface (UNI) protocol. Namely, it maps ATM cells to the T1/E1 frame to implement transmission.
III. Data link layer
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
ATM is used on the data link layer of Abis interface. Adaptation of Abis signaling is performed based on AAL5, and is borne in IP Over
ATM (IPoA) mode. At Abis interface, Abis signaling path connects the Main Control (MC) software and Signaling Processing Unit (SPU) of BSC via Permanent Virtual Connection (PVC) to transmit Abis signaling. The signaling transmission path for implementing related O&M operations is also borne by a PVC connecting the Operation and Maintenance Unit (OMU) of BTS and BSC. The BSC forwards the signaling to OMC transparently, and does not process any O&M signaling.
Adaptation of Abis traffic is performed based on AAL2. At Abis interface, several PVCs are used to connect the channel processing unit of BTS and SDU of BSC, for BTS to transmit the uplink data received from the air interface to BSC, and for BSC to transmit the downlink data to be transmitted via the air interface to BTS.
IV. Layer 3 - traffic management
At Abis interface, Abis signaling, OML signaling and Abis traffic are in the domain of traffic management. Specifically, Abis traffic management includes the following functions:
1) BTS logic O&M function
l Resource status indication: With this function, BTS requests logic configuration
from BSC, reports logic status to BSC and checks logic resource regularly.
l Cell configuration: With this function, BSC configures logic parameters of cells
for BTS, including cell pilot Pseudo Noise (PN) offset, sector gain, common channel number and parameter.
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l Overhead message updating: With this function, BSC configures or update
overhead message to BTS.
l Cell breath control function. l Cell blocking function. l Radio measurement report function.
2) Common channel management function Paging channel management procedure: It is used to transmit paging channel
messages from BSC to MSs through Abis interface. Access channel management procedure: It is used to transmit access channel
messages received on the access channel of BTS to BSC through Abis interface.
3) Dedicated channel setup and release function This procedure is used to control the setup and release of dedicated radio channel
and Abis interface terrestrial channel. Abis interface supports the setup and release of various dedicated channels specified
in IS95A/B and cdma2000 1X, including IS95-FCH, IS95-SCCH, IS2000-FCH, IS2000-DCCH and IS2000-SCH.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
Each radio channel is allocated with one AAL2 link on Abis interface to bear user traffic data.
Caution:
For softer handoff, only one AAL2 link is allocated on Abis interface.
4) Traffic channel bearing function BTS needs to process Abis interface frame protocol. It transmits the data received
from the reverse traffic channel on the air interface to BSC, and transmits the data from BSC through the forward traffic channel on the air interface.
Traffic channel bearing procedure also performs the functions such as AAL2 traffic matching, time adjustment of traffic data frame, reverse outer loop power control adjustment and forward power control adjustment.
5) Power control function Abis interface suppor ts various power controls. Power control is performed through
parameter configuration. Power control falls into four types: quick forward closed-loop power control, slow forward closed-loop power control, quick reverse closed-loop power control and reverse open-loop power control.
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1.4.3 Other Interface
I. ODU3601C interface
This interface is located between the Micro-bts Transceiver Module (MTRM) of BTS3601C and the MTRM of ODU3601C. It transmits baseband data through optical fibers (including service information and operation & maintenance information) so that BTS3601C can control the ODU3601C.
II. OML interface
OML interface is between BTS and remote OMC. It is actually one of the Abis interface applications. But on the application layer, OML interface is between BTS and the remote OMC. OML interface shares resources with Abis interface, including physical layer, ATM, AAL5 and TCP/IP. For details, please refer to the introduction to Abis interface.
OML interface is used for OMC to perform operation and maintenance to BTS. It is defined by equipment manufacturers. On Abis interface, it is a transparent path.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
III. LMF interface
LMF interface is the interface between BTS and Local Maintenance Function (LMF) entity. Its interface protocol stack is shown as below:
IV. System synchronization interface
System synchronization interface includes GPS/GLONASS antenna interface and system external synchronization interface.
l GPS/GLONASS antenna interface
GPS is in compliance with ICD200c: IRN-200C-001-IRN-200C-004: Interface Control
Document of GPS. GLONASS is in compliance with GPS/GLONASS Receiver Interface Language (GRIL).
l System external synchronization interface
The external synchronization interface is used when GPS/GLONASS is not applied. It is in compliance with the requirement of CDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Communication
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Network GPS/GLONASS Dual-Mode Receiver and Base Station Interface Specifications.
V. Test interface
The test interface provides 10MHz and 2s signals that may be needed for test instruments.
VI. Power supply interface
BTS3601C supports 220V AC power supply. It provides external 220V AC interface and 24V DC battery interface.
1.5 Reliability Design
Reliability design of a system is shown in the stability and reliability of the product during operation.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
Huawei BTS3601C is designed based on the following standards:
l TIA/EIA/IS-95A CDMA Radio Interface Specifications l TIA/EIA/IS-95B CDMA Radio Interface Specifications l TIA/EIA/IS-2000 CDMA Radio Interface Specifications l TIA/EIA/IS-97D CDMA Base Station Minimum Performance Standard l Huawei product reliability design index and related technical specifications
With various measures taken, the design of boards is in strict accordance with the requirement of above standards pertaining to reliability.
1.5.1 Hardware Reliability Design
I. De-rating design
To improve system reliability and prolong the service life of components, components are carefully selected and strictly tested, and less stress (electrical stress and temperature stress) is to be borne in actual operation than its designed rating.
II. Selection and control of component
The category, specifications and manufacturers of the components are carefully selected and reviewed according to the requirements of the product reliability and maintainability. The replaceability and normalization of components is one of the main factors for the decision, which help to reduce the types of components used and hence improve the availability of the system.
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III. Board level reliability design
Many measures have been taken in board design to improve its reliability. Redundancy configuration is applied for key components to improve system reliability.
l Key circuits are designed by Huawei, which lays the foundation of high reliability. 　 l The hardware WATCHDOG is equipped for the board, and the board can
automatically reset in case of fault. 　
l The board is provided with the functions of over-current and over-voltage
protection and the function of temperature detection. 　
l Strict thermal analysis and simulation tests are conducted during the design of
boards for the purpose of ensuring longtime operation. 　
l The board software and important data is stored in the non-volatile memory, so
that the board can be restarted when software upgrading fails. 　
IV. Fault detection, location and recovery
The BTS system is equipped with the functions of self-detection and fault diagnosis that can record and output various fault information. Common software and hardware faults can be corrected automatically. 　
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
The hardware fault detection functions include fault locating, isolating and automatic switchover. The maintenance engineers can identify the faulty boards easily with the help of the maintenance console. 　
The BTS3601C system also supports the reloading of configuration data files and board execution programs.
V. Fault tolerance and exceptional protection
When faults occur, the system usually will not be blocked. The system will make a final confirmation on a hardware fault through repeated
detection, thus avoiding system reconfiguration or QoS deterioration due to contingent faults.
VI. Thermal design
The influence of temperature on the BTS3601C has been considered in the design. Thermal design primarily concerns the selection of components, circuit design
(including error tolerance, drift design and derating design), structure design and heat dissipation, so that the BTS3601C can work reliably in a wide range of temperatures.
The first consideration in thermal design is to balance the heat distribution of the system. Corresponding measures are taken in the place where heat is more likely to be accumulated.
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VII. Maintainability
The purpose of maintainability design is to define the workload and nature of the maintenance, so as to cut the maintenance time. The main approaches adopted include standardization, modularization, error prevention, and testability improvement, which can simplify the maintenance work.
VIII. EMC design
The design ensures that BTS3601C will not degrade to an unacceptable level due to the electromagnetic interference from other equipment in the same electromagnetic environment. Neither the BTS3601C will cause other equipment in the same electromagnetic environment to degrade to an unacceptable level.
IX. Lightning protection
To eliminate the probability of lightning damage on the BTS3601C system, proper measures are taken with respect to the lightning protection for DC power supply, BTS trunk lines and antenna & feeder system. For details, please refer to "3.6 Lightning Protection".
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
1.5.2 Software Reliability Design
Software reliability mainly includes protection performance and fault tolerance capability.
I. Protection performance
The key to improve software reliability is to reduce software defects. Software reliability of BTS3601C is ensured through the quality control in the whole process from system requirement analysis, system design to system test.
Starting from the requirement analysis, software development process follows the regulations such as Capability Mature Mode (CMM), which aim to control faults in the initial stage.
In software design, much attention is devoted to the designing method and implementation: the software is designed in a modular structure, and in a loose coupling mechanism. When a fault occurs to one module, other modules will not be affected. In addition, preventive measures such as fault detection, isolating and clearing are also applied to improve the system reliability. Other effective methods include code read-through, inspection, and unit test.
Various software tests are conducted to improve the software reliability. Test engineers participate the whole software development process, from unit test to
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system test. They make plans strictly following the demand of the upper -level flow, which ensure the improvement of software reliability. Additionally, test plans are modified and improved with the tests.
II. Fault tolerance capability
Fault tolerance capability of the software system means that the whole system would not collapse when a minor software fault occurs. That is, the system has the self-healing capability. The fault tolerance of BTS3601 software is represented in the following aspects:
l All boards work on a real-time operating system of high reliability. l If software loading fails, the system can return to the version that was
successfully loaded last time.
l Important operations are recorded in log files. l Different authority levels are provided for operations, so as to prevent users from
performing unauthorized operations.
l Warnings are given for the operations that will cause system reboot (such as
reset operation). The operator is required to confirm such operations.
System Description
Chapter 1 System Overview
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Chapter 3 System Function
3.1 Call Procedure Introduction
Call procedure includes speech service call procedure and data service call procedure. This section gives some typical examples to introduce the MS call procedures.
3.1.1 Speech Service Call Procedure
I. Mobile-Originated Call (MOC)
MOC procedure is illustrated in Figure 3-1.
System Description
Chapter 3 System Function
MS BTS
MS BTS
Origination Msg
ACH
ACH
PCH
PCH
TCH
TCH
PCH
PCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH TCH
TCH TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH TCH
TCH
Origination Msg
Base Ack Order
Base Ack Order
Null Traffic Data
Null Traffic Data
ECAM
ECAM
Traffic Channel Preamble
Traffic Channel Preamble
Base Ack Order
Base Ack Order
Idle TCH Data
Idle TCH Data
MS AckOrder
MS AckOrder
Service Connect Msg
Service Connect Msg
Service Connect Complete
Service Connect Complete
Figure 3-1 MOC procedure
Abis-ACH Msg Transfer(ORM)
Abis-ACH Msg Transfer(ORM)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(Base Ack)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(Base Ack)
Abis-BTS Setup
Abis-BTS Setup
Abis-Connect
Abis-Connect
Abis-Connect Ack
Abis-Connect Ack
Abis-BTS Setup Ack
Abis-BTS Setup Ack
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(Null data)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(Null data) Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Idledata)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Idledata)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(ECAM)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(ECAM)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Preamble)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Preamble)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(BaseAck)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(BaseAck)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(IdleData)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(IdleData)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Ms Ack)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Ms Ack)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(ServiceConnect)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(ServiceConnect)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(SerConn Comp)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(SerConn Comp)
BSC
BSC
CM Service Req
CM Service Req
Assignment Req
Assignment Req
Assignment Complete
Assignment Complete
MSC
MSC
(1)
(1) (2)
(2)
(3)
(3) (4)
(4) (5)
(5) (6)
(6) (7)
(7) (8)
(8) (9)
(9)
(10)
(10)
(11)
(11) (12)
(12) (13)
(13) (14)
(14) (15)
(15)
(16)
(16) (17)
(17)
1) MS sends "Origination Message" on access channel. After receiving the message, BTS sends “Abis-ACH Msg Transfer” message to BSC.
2) BSC sends “CM Service Request” message to MSC to request service assignment. Meanwhile, BSC sends “BS Ack Order” to BTS via “Abis-PCH Msg Transfer” message. BTS sends “BS Ack Order" on paging channel to the MS.
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3) MSC sends "Assignment Request" message to BSC to request BSS to assign radio resources.
4) BSC sends “Abis-BTS Setup” message to BTS to request BTS to allocate radio resources for the call.
5) BTS sends “Abis-Connect” message to BSC for establishing Abis service connection.
6) BSC sends “Abis-Connect Ack” to BTS in response to the “Abis-Connect” message.
7) After resources allocation, BTS sends “Abis-BTS Setup Ack” message to BSC.
8) BSC sends “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message to BTS, and orders BTS to send null frame to MS on forward traffic channel.
9) After receiving “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message, BTS sends idle frame to BSC via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs” message, and performs Abis link delay adjustment.
10) BSC sends channel assignment message to BTS via “Abis-PCH Msg Transfer” message. BTS forwards the channel assignment message to MS on paging channel.
11) MS begins to send traffic channel preamble on the assigned reverse traffic channel. After BTS captures the preamble, it sends traffic channel preamble to BSC via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs” message.
12) After BSC receives traffic channel preamble from MS, BSC sends "BS Ack Order” to BTS via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message. BTS sends “BS Ack Order” to MS on the forward traffic channel.
13) After MS receives “BS Ack Order”, it stops sending traffic channel preamble and starts to send data frame on reverse traffic channel.
14) Then MS sends “MS Ack Order” on reverse traffic channel to BTS. BTS forwards the message to BSC via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs” message.
15) On receiving “MS Ack Order”, BSC sends "Service Connect" message to BTS via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message, then BTS forwards the message to MS. MS starts to handle the traffic according to the designated service configuration.
16) To respond to service connection message, MS sends "Service Connect Complete" message.
17) On receiving the "Service Connect Complete" message, BSC sends "Assignment Complete" message to MSC.
System Description
Chapter 3 System Function
II. Mobile-Terminated Call (MTC)
MOC procedure is shown in Figure 3-2.
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MS
MS
PCH
PCH ACH
ACH
PCH
PCH
TCH
TCH
PCH
PCH TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH TCH
TCH TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH TCH
TCH
GPM
GPM
Paging Response
Paging Response
Base Ack Order
Base Ack Order
Null Traffic Data
Null Traffic Data
ECAM
ECAM
Traffic Channel Preamble
Traffic Channel Preamble
Base Ack Order
Base Ack Order
Idle TCH Data
Idle TCH Data
MS Ack Order
MS Ack Order
Service Connect Msg
Service Connect Msg
Service Connect Complete
Service Connect Complete
Chapter 3 System Function
BTS BSC
BTS BSC
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(GPM )
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(GPM )
Abis-ACH MsgTransfer(PRM)
Abis-ACH MsgTransfer(PRM)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(BaseAck)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(BaseAck)
Abis-BTS Setup
Abis-BTS Setup
Abis-Connect
Abis-Connect
Abis-Connect Ack
Abis-Connect Ack
Abis-BTS Setup Ack
Abis-BTS Setup Ack
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(Null data)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(Null data) Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Idle data)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Idle data)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(ECAM)
Abis-PCH MsgTransfer(ECAM)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Preamble)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Preamble)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(BaseAck)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(BaseAck)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Idle Data)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Idle Data)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Ms Ack)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Ms Ack)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(ServiceConnect)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd(ServiceConnect)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Ser Conn Comp)
Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs(Ser Conn Comp)
System Description
Paging Request
Paging Request
CM Service Req
CM Service Req
Assignment Req
Assignment Req
Assignment Complete
Assignment Complete
MSC
MSC
(1)
(1) (2)
(2) (3)
(3) (4)
(4) (5)
(5) (6)
(6) (7)
(7) (8)
(8) (9)
(9)
(10)
(10) (11)
(11) (12)
(12) (13)
(13)
(14)
(14) (15)
(15)
(16)
(16) (17)
(17) (18)
(18) (19)
(19) (20)
(20)
Figure 3-2 MOC procedure
1) MSC sends "Paging Request" to BSC.
2) BSC constructs General Paging Message (GPM), embeds it into ”Abis-PCH Msg Transfer” message, then sends it to BTS. BTS forwards the GPM on the paging channel.
3) After MS receives paging message, it sends Paging Response Message (PRM) to BTS. BTS forwards it to BSC in “Abis-ACH Msg Transfer” message.
4) BSC sends “CM Service Request” message to MSC to request service assignment.
5) BSC sends “BS Ack Order” to BTS via “Abis-PCH Msg Transfer” message. BTS sends the “BS Ack Order” on the paging channel.
6) MSC sends assignment request message to BSC to request BSS to allocate radio resources.
7) BSC sends “Abis-BTS Setup” message to BTS to request BTS to allocate radio resource for the call.
8) BTS sends “Abis-Connect” message to BSC for establishing Abis service connection.
9) BSC sends “Abis-Connect Ack” to BTS in response to “Abis-Connect” message.
10) BTS completes resource allocation, and sends “Abis-BTS Setup Ack” message to BSC.
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11) BSC sends “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message to BTS to request BTS to send null frame to MS.
12) After receiving “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message, BTS sends null frame to BSC via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs” message, and performs Abis link delay adjustment.
13) BSC sends channel assignment message to BTS via “Abis-PCH Msg Transfer” message. BTS forwards the message to MS on paging channel.
14) MS begins to send traffic channel preamble on the assigned reverse traffic channel. After capturing the preamble, BTS sends traffic channel preamble to BSC via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs” message.
15) After BSC receives the traffic channel preamble sent from MS, it sends “BS Ack Order” to BTS via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message. BTS forwards the order to MS over the forward traffic channel.
16) After MS receives “BS Ack Order”, it stops sending traffic channel preamble and starts sending data frame.
17) After MS receives “BS Ack Order", it sends “MS Ack Order" to BTS. BTS forwards the order to BSC via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Rvs” message.
18) After BSC receives “MS Ack Order", it sends service connection message to BTS via “Abis-IS2000 FCH Fwd” message. BTS forwards the message to MS, and then MS starts to handle the service according to the designated service configuration.
19) To respond to service connection message, MS sends "Service Connect Complete" message.
20) After BSC receives the "Service Connection Complete" message, it sends "Assignment Complete" message to MSC.
System Description
Chapter 3 System Function
3.1.2 Data Service Call Procedure
I. Mobile originated data service
The mobile originated data service procedure is shown in Figure 3-3. In the figure, the BSS represents BTS and BSC.
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User Manual iSiteC BTS3601C CDMA Base Station
(1)
(1) (2)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(6) TchPreamble
(6) TchPreamble (7)
(7) (8)
(8)
(9)
(9)
Origination
Origination
BS ACK
BS ACK
ECAM
ECAM
Ack Order
Ack Order
BS
BS
Ack Order
Ack Order
MS
MS
Service Connect
Service Connect
BSSMS
BSSMS
MSC
MSC
(3)
(3)
CM Service Request
CM Service Request
(4) Assignment Request
(4) Assignment Request
Msg
Msg
System Description
Chapter 3 System Function
PCF PDSN
PCF PDSN
(10)
(10)
Service Connect
Service Connect
Cmp Msg
Cmp Msg
(14) A9-Connect -A8
(14) A9-Connect -A8
(15) Assignment Complete
(15) Assignment Complete
Establishing PPP connection , Mobile IP Registration
Establishing PPP connection , Mobile IP Registration
Transmitting packet data
Transmitting packet data
(11)
(11)
A9-Setup -A8
A9-Setup -A8
A11 Registration
A11 Registration
(12)
(12)
Request(Life time)
Request(Life time)
A11-Registration
A11-Registration
(13)
(13)
Reply (Life time, Accept)
Reply (Life time, Accept)
Figure 3-3 Mobile originated data service procedure
1) MS sends "Origination" message to BTS via the access channel on air interface.
2) After BTS receives the "Origination message", it sends "BS Ack Order" to MS.
3) BSC constructs a "CM Service Request" message and sends it to MSC.
4) MSC sends "Assignment Request" message to BSC to request BTS to assign radio resources.
5) BTS sends channel assignment message over the paging channel of air interface.
6) MS begins to send preamble in the assigned reverse traffic channel.
7) After acquiring the reverse traffic channel, BTS sends "BS ACK Order" to MS in the forward traffic channel.
8) After receiving "BS ACK Order", MS sends "MS ACK Order", and transmits the null service frame in the reverse traffic channel.
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9) BTS sends service connection message/service selection response message to MS, and designates the service configuration used for the call. MS starts to handle the service according to the designated service configuration.
10) After receiving service connection message, MS responds with one Service Connect Complete" message.
11) BSC sends “A9-Setup-A8” message to PCF for establishing A8 connection.
12) PCF sends “A11-Registration-Request” to PDSN for establishing A10 connection.
13) PDSN accepts A10 connection establishment request, and returns “A11-Registration-Reply” message to PCF.
14) PCF returns “A9-Connect-A8” message to BSC. Connection between A8 and A10 is established.
15) After both radio traffic channel and terrestrial circuit are established, BSC sends "Assignment Complete" message to MSC.
16) MS negotiates with PDSN to establish PPP connection. In the case of Mobile IP access, Mobile IP connection will be established. PPP message and Mobile IP message are transmitted in traffic channel, and are transparent to BSC/PCF.
17) After PPP connection is established, the data service enters "connected" status.
System Description
Chapter 3 System Function
II. SCH establishment
This section describes establishment procedure of MS-originated Supplemental Channel (SCH). The BSC-originated SCH establishment procedure is similar, and only differs in the trigger condition.
There is no special SCH release procedure in the case of dynamic SCH allocation. Instead, BSC determines SCH rate and duration. Once the time is due, SCH will be released.
MS-originated SCH establishment procedure is shown in Figure 3-4.
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MS BTS BSC
(1) Supplemental Channel Request Message
(9) Extended Supplemental Channel Assignment Message
(2) Abis-BTS Setup (3) Abis Connect
(4) Abis Connect Ack (5) Abis-BTS Setup Ack
(6)Abis Burst Request
(7)
Abis Burst Response
(8) Abis Burst Commit
System Description
Chapter 3 System Function
Figure 3-4 Reverse SCH establishment procedure
1) If the packet data call is established, MS may send “Supplemental Channel Request Message” to BSC for establishing SCH channel.
2) BSC sends “Abis-BTS Setup” to BTS for allocating radio resource for the call.
3) After BTS establishes the channel, it sends “Abis Connect” to BSC.
4) BSC responds with “Abis Connect Ack” to BTS.
5) After BTS establishes all of the channels, it sends “Abis-BTS Setup Ack” to BSC, indicating the completion of terrestrial circuit establishment.
6) BSC sends “Abis-Burst Request” to BTS for activating BTS.
7) BTS responds “Abis-Burst Response” message to BSC.
8) BSC sends “Abis-Burst Commit” to BTS, and BTS starts to transmit SCH.
9) BSC sends “Extended Supplemental Channel Assignment Message” and assigns SCH channel for MS, so that the packet data service can be transmitted at high speed in SCH channel.
3.2 Signaling Processing
BTS signaling processing serves to:
l Implement interconnection of MS and BSS/CN on the air interface layer. l Perform part of radio resource management function under the control of BSC.
Specifically, BTS signaling processing performs the following functions: signaling processing on Abis physical layer and transmission layer, channel resource management, Abis traffic link management, BTS logic O&M processing, common channel processing, dedicated channel establishment and release, traffic bearing and power control.
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I. Functions of physical layer and transmission layer on Abis interface
The physical layer of Abis interface adopts ATM UNI technology. The configuration of User-to-Network Interface (UNI) is completed at the BTS that also provides the timeslot configuration function.
Data link layer of Abis interface utilizes ATM. Signaling is adapted with AAL5 and traffic is adapted with AAL2.
II. Channel resource management
BTS organizes channel resources with a resource pool. It is responsible for the allocation, release and management of the channel resources.
III. Abis traffic link management
BTS is responsible for assigning traffic link on Abis interface.
IV. BTS logic O&M functions
System Description
Chapter 3 System Function
BTS provides the following logic O&M functions:
l Resource status indication l Cell configuration function l Overhead message updating l Cell breath control function l Cell block/unblock function l Radio measurement report function
V. Common channel processing
BTS is responsible for the establishment and release of common channels and processing of common channel messages. The common channels include paging channel, access channel, etc.
VI. Establishment and release of dedicated channel
BTS is also responsible for the establishment and release of dedicated channels.
VII. Traffic bearing
BTS processes Abis interface protocol, transmits the traffic channel data received from the air interface to BSC, and transmits the traffic data that received from BSC on the air interface.
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