HP Veritas 5.1 SP1 Installation Guide
Veritas 5.1 SP1 Installation Guide
HP-UX 11i v3
HP Part Number: 5900-1514
Published: September 2011
Edition: 2.0
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Contents
About this Document......................................................................................6
Intended Audience....................................................................................................................6
Document Organization............................................................................................................6
Typographic Conventions...........................................................................................................6
Related Information...................................................................................................................7
Technical Support.....................................................................................................................7
HP Welcomes Your Comments....................................................................................................8
1 Introduction...............................................................................................9
Overview................................................................................................................................9
Volume Managers Supported on HP-UX 11i v3.............................................................................9
Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) ...............................................................................................9
Introduction.........................................................................................................................9
VxVM Features..................................................................................................................10
VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP–UX 11i v3..........................................................................................14
Architecture of VxVM.........................................................................................................14
VxVM Daemons................................................................................................................15
VxVM Objects...................................................................................................................15
Volume Layouts in VxVM.....................................................................................................16
VxVM Storage Layouts........................................................................................................16
Concatenation and Spanning.........................................................................................16
Striping (RAID-0)...........................................................................................................16
Mirroring (RAID-1).........................................................................................................16
Striping Plus Mirroring (Mirrored-Stripe or RAID-0+1)..........................................................16
Mirroring Plus Striping (Striped-Mirror, RAID-1+0 or RAID-10)..............................................16
RAID-5 (Striping with Parity)............................................................................................17
VxVM Interfaces................................................................................................................17
Command-Line Interface.................................................................................................17
Menu-driven utility.........................................................................................................17
Veritas Enterprise Administrator.......................................................................................17
File Systems Supported on HP-UX 11i v3....................................................................................17
Veritas File System (VxFS) ........................................................................................................18
Introduction.......................................................................................................................18
VxFS Features....................................................................................................................18
VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3.............................................................................................21
Architecture of VxFS...........................................................................................................21
Extent Based Allocation......................................................................................................22
2 System Requirements.................................................................................23
Software Dependency.............................................................................................................23
OS Version............................................................................................................................23
Patch Requirements ................................................................................................................23
Required Software..................................................................................................................24
Required Packages for Veritas Enterprise Administrator................................................................24
Software Depot Content..........................................................................................................24
License Bundles......................................................................................................................25
Disk Space Requirements.........................................................................................................26
Disk Space Requirements for VxFS 5.1 SP1............................................................................26
Disk Space Requirements for VxVM 5.1 SP1..........................................................................26
Disk Space Requirements for CVM.......................................................................................26
3 Installing the Veritas 5.1 SP1 Products..........................................................27
Mounting the HP Serviceguard Storage Management Suite Media................................................27
Contents 3
Installing Veritas 5.1 SP1 Products.............................................................................................27
Installing VxFS 5.1 SP1............................................................................................................28
Installing Base-VxFS-51.......................................................................................................28
Installing Base-VxFS-51 in Non-Interactive Mode................................................................28
Installing Base-VxFS-51 in Interactive Mode.......................................................................28
Verifying Base-VxFS-51 Installation...................................................................................29
Installing HP OnlineJFS (B3929HB) ......................................................................................29
Installing HP OnlineJFS (B3929HB) in Non-Interactive Mode...............................................29
Installing HP OnlineJFS (B3929HB) in the Interactive Mode.................................................29
Verifying HP OnlineJFS (B3929HB) Installation..................................................................29
Installing VxVM 5.1 SP1..........................................................................................................29
Installing Base-VxVM-51......................................................................................................29
Installing Base-VxVM-51 in Non-Interactive Mode..............................................................30
Installing Base-VxVM-51 in the Interactive Mode................................................................30
Verifying the Base-VxVM-51 Installation............................................................................30
Installing Full VxVM (B9116EB) ............................................................................................30
Installing Full VxVM in Non-Interactive mode.....................................................................30
Installing Full VxVM in Interactive Mode...........................................................................31
Verifying the Full VxVM (B9116EB) Installation...................................................................31
Installing CVM [B9117EB] on HP-UX 11i v3.................................................................................31
Cold-Installing VxVM 5.1 SP1 and VxFS 5.1 SP1 with HP-UX 11i v3...............................................31
Preparing the Ignite-UX Server.............................................................................................31
Cold-Installing the Client.....................................................................................................32
Confirming the Client.........................................................................................................33
Updating HP-UX and Veritas Products Using the update-ux Command............................................33
4 Setting up the Veritas 5.1 SP1 Products........................................................36
Configuring Your System after the Installation.............................................................................36
Converting to a VxVM Root Disk...............................................................................................36
Starting and Enabling the Configuration Daemon.......................................................................37
Starting the Volume I/O Daemon.............................................................................................38
Enabling the Intelligent Storage Provisioning Feature...................................................................38
Enabling Cluster Support in VxVM............................................................................................38
Configuring New Shared Disks............................................................................................39
Verifying Existing Shared Disks............................................................................................39
Converting Existing VxVM Disk Groups to Shared Disk Groups................................................40
Upgrading in a Clustered Environment with FastResync...........................................................40
Setting Up VxVM 5.1 SP1........................................................................................................41
Initializing VxVM Using the vxinstall Utility............................................................................41
Moving Disks Under VxVM Control......................................................................................42
Setting Up a Veritas Enterprise Administrator Server...............................................................43
Setting Up a Veritas Enterprise Administrator Client................................................................44
Setting up and Managing VxFS 5.1 SP1 ...................................................................................44
Creating a VxFS File System................................................................................................44
Identifying the Type of File System........................................................................................44
Converting a File System to VxFS.........................................................................................44
Mounting a VxFS File System...............................................................................................45
Displaying Information on Mounted File System......................................................................45
Unmounting a VxFS File System...........................................................................................45
Setting Environment Variables...................................................................................................45
Cluster Environment Requirements.............................................................................................45
5 Upgrading from Previous Versions of VxFS to VxFS 5.1 SP1............................47
Upgrading from VxFS 3.3 or 3.5 on HP-UX 11i v1 to VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3........................47
Upgrading from VxFS 3.5 on HP-UX 11i v2 to VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3.................................48
Upgrading from VxFS 4.1 on HP-UX 11i v2 or HP-UX 11i v3 to VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3...........49
4 Contents
Upgrading from VxFS 5.0 on HP-UX 11i v2 or HP-UX 11i v3 to VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3...........51
Upgrading from VxFS 5.0.1 on HP-UX 11i v3 to VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3...............................52
6 Upgrading from Previous Versions of VxVM to VxVM 5.1 SP1........................54
Determining VxVM Disk Group Version.....................................................................................54
Native Multipathing with Veritas Volume Manager......................................................................55
Upgrading from VxVM 3.5 on HP-UX 11i v1 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3..............................58
To Upgrade from VxVM 3.5 on HP-UX 11i v1 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3........................58
Upgrading from VxVM 3.5 on HP-UX 11i v2 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3..............................59
To Upgrade from VxVM 3.5 on HP-UX 11i v2 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3........................59
Upgrading from VxVM 4.1 on HP-UX 11i v2 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3 .............................59
To Upgrade from VxVM 4.1 on HP-UX 11i v2 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3........................59
Upgrading from VxVM 4.1 on HP-UX 11i v3 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3..............................60
To Upgrade from VxVM 4.1 on HP-UX 11i v3 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3........................60
Upgrading from VxVM 5.0 on HP-UX 11i v2 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3..............................60
To Upgrade from VxVM 5.0 on HP-UX 11i v2 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3........................61
To upgrade to VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3 without removing VxVM 5.0 on HP-UX 11i
v2...............................................................................................................................61
Upgrading From VxVM 5.0 on HP-UX 11i v3 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 Using Integrated VxVM 5.1 SP1
Package for HPUX 11i v3.........................................................................................................62
Upgrading From VxVM 5.0.1 on HP-UX 11i v3 to VxVM 5.1 SP1 Using Integrated VxVM 5.1 SP1
Package for HPUX 11i v3.........................................................................................................62
I/O Robustness Recommendations............................................................................................62
7 Post Upgrade Tasks...................................................................................64
Optional Configuration Steps...................................................................................................64
Upgrading Disk Layout Versions................................................................................................64
Upgrading VxFS Disk Layout Versions...................................................................................64
Using the vxfsconvert Command..........................................................................................65
Using the vxupgrade Command...........................................................................................65
Requirements for Upgrading to Disk Layout Version 7..............................................................65
Upgrading the VxVM Cluster Protocol Version............................................................................65
Upgrading VxVM Disk Group Versions......................................................................................66
Updating Variables.................................................................................................................66
Setting the Default Disk Group..................................................................................................66
Upgrading the Array Support Library........................................................................................66
Converting from QuickLog to Multi-Volume Support.....................................................................67
8 Removing Veritas 5.1 SP1 Products..............................................................68
Removing VxVM.....................................................................................................................68
Moving VxVM Volumes to LVM Volumes................................................................................68
Removing Plexes................................................................................................................69
Shutting Down VxVM.........................................................................................................70
Removing Full VxVM (B9116EB)............................................................................................70
Removing Base-VxVM-51.....................................................................................................70
Removing VxFS......................................................................................................................70
Removing HP OnlineJFS (B3929HB).....................................................................................70
Removing Base-VxFS-51......................................................................................................70
Removing CVM......................................................................................................................71
Removing the Veritas Enterprise Administrator (VEA) Client...........................................................71
A Files Added and Modified After VxFS Installation.........................................72
Contents 5
About this Document
This document provides information on Veritas 5.1 Service Pack1 (SP1) suite of products on systems
running HP-UX 11i v3. Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of products include Base-VxFS, Base-VxVM, OnlineJFS,
Full VxVM, and Cluster Volume Manager (CVM). This document also includes a product overview,
system requirements, installation, basic configuration, and removal steps for Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite
of products on HP-UX 11i v3.
Intended Audience
This document is intended for system administrators responsible for installing and configuring HP-UX
systems with the Veritas suite of products. Readers are expected to have knowledge of the following:
• HP-UX operating system concepts
• System administration concepts
• Veritas Volume Manager concepts
• Veritas File System concepts
Document Organization
Table 1 Document Organization
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: System Requirements
Chapter 3: Installing the Veritas 5.1 SP1 Products
Chapter 4: Setting up the Veritas 5.1 SP1 Products
Chapter 5: Upgrading from Previous Versions of VxFS to VxFS
5.1 SP1
Chapter 6: Upgrading from Previous Versions of VxVM to VxVM
5.1 SP1
Chapter 8: Removing Veritas 5.1 SP1 Products
DescriptionChapter Title
Describes the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of products for
systems running HP-UX 11i v3.
Describes the OS version, software depot contents,
license bundles, disk space requirements, and
supported upgrade paths for the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite
of products.
Describes how to install the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of
products on systems running HP-UX 11i v3.
Describes how to set up the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of
products on HP-UX 11i v3.
Describes how to upgrade the VxFS disk layout
version.
Describes how to upgrade the VxVM disk group
version.
Discusses the post upgrade tasks for VxVM.“Post Upgrade Tasks” (page 64)
Describes how to remove the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite
of products from an HP-UX 11i v3 system.
Typographic Conventions
This document uses the following typographic conventions:
monospace Computer output, files, directories, software elements such as command options,
function names, and parameters.
Read tunables from the /etc/vx/tunefstab file.
italic New terms, book titles, emphasis, variables replaced with a name or value
See “Veritas 5.1 SP1 Installation Guide” for more information.
% C shell prompt
$ Bourne/Korn shell prompt
# Superuser prompt (all shells)
6
\ Continued input on the following line; you do not type this character
[ ] In command synopsis, brackets indicates an optional argument.
ls [ -a ]
| In command synopsis, a vertical bar separates mutually exclusive arguments.
mount [ suid | nosuid ]
blue text An active hypertext link
In PDF and HTML files, click on the links to move to the specified location.
Related Information
Additional information on the Veritas suite of products is available at:
HP Business Support Center.
This website contains the following documents:
• Veritas File System 5.1 SP1 Release Notes
• Veritas File System 5.1 SP1 Administrator's Guide
• Veritas Volume Manager 5.1 SP1 Release Notes
• Veritas Volume Manager 5.1 SP1 Administrator's Guide
• Veritas Volume Manager 5.1 SP1 Troubleshooting Guide
• Veritas Enterprise Administrator User's Guide
• Veritas Storage Foundation and High Availability Solutions 5.1 SP1 Getting Started Guide
• Veritas Storage Foundation 5.1 SP1 Advanced Features Administrator's Guide
• Veritas Storage Foundation 5.1 SP1: Storage and Availability Management for Oracle
Databases
• Veritas Storage Foundation 5.1 SP1 Cluster File System Release Notes
• Veritas Storage Foundation 5.1 SP1 Cluster File System Installation Guide
• Veritas Storage Foundation 5.1 SP1 for Oracle RAC Release Notes
• Veritas Storage Foundation 5.1 SP1 for Oracle RAC Administrator's Guide
To locate these documents, go to the HP-UX Core docs page at: www.hp.com/go/hpux-core-docs.
On this page, select HP-UX 11i v3.
Technical Support
For license information, contact:
• Software License Manager:
http://licensing.hp.com/welcome.slm
• HP Licensing Services:
http://licensing.hp.com/licenseAdmins.slm
◦ (Europe)
Phone: +353.(0)91.75.40.06
Email: codeword_europe@hp.com
◦ (U.S. and Canada)
Phone: +1 650.960.5111
Related Information 7
Email: hplicense.na@hp.com
◦ (Asia Pacific)
Phone: 0120.42.1231 or 0426-48-9310 (Inside Japan)
+81.426.48.9312 (Outside Japan)
Email: sw_codeword@hp.com
• For latest information on the available patches, see:
http://itrc.hp.com
• For technical support, see:
http://welcome.hp.com/country/us/en/support.html
HP Welcomes Your Comments
HP welcomes your comments concerning this document. HP is committed to providing documentation
that meets your needs.
Please send comments to: docsfeedback@hp.com
Please include document title, manufacturing part number, and any comment, error found, or
suggestion for improvement you have concerning this document. Also, please include what we did
right so we can incorporate it into other documents.
8
1 Introduction
This chapter introduces the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of products. It also describes the features of each
product that is included within the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of products.
This chapter addresses the following topics:
• “Overview” (page 9)
• “Volume Managers Supported on HP-UX 11i v3” (page 9)
• “Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) ” (page 9)
• “File Systems Supported on HP-UX 11i v3” (page 17)
• “Veritas File System (VxFS) ” (page 18)
Overview
Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of products include Base-VxFS, Base-VxVM, OnlineJFS, VxVM-Full, and CVM.
Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) is a storage management subsystem that enables you to manage
physical disks as logical devices called volumes. A volume is a logical device that appears to a
data management system as a physical disk. Veritas File System (VxFS) is an extent based, intent
logging file system that is designed for use in UNIX environments, which require high performance
and availability and deal with large volumes of data.
The Cluster Volume Manager (CVM) allows up to 32 nodes in a cluster to simultaneously access
and manage a set of disks under VxVM control (VM disks). The same logical view of disk
configuration and any changes to this is available on all the nodes. For more information on CVM,
see the Managing Serviceguard manual, or the Veritas Volume Manager Administrator's Guide.
The HP Serviceguard Storage Management Suite integrates HP Serviceguard with Symantec’s
Veritas Storage Foundation. This combination provides powerful database and storage management
capabilities while maintaining the mission-critical reliability that HP Serviceguard customers have
come to expect. For more information about HP Serviceguard Storage Management Suite, see HP
Serviceguard Storage Management Suite Version A.04.00 Release Notes.
Volume Managers Supported on HP-UX 11i v3
HP-UX 11i v3 supports the following volume managers:
• HP Logical Volume Manager (HP LVM)
The HP LVM is a disk management subsystem that enables you to allocate disk space according
to the specific or projected size of your file system or raw data. For more information on HP
LVM, see HP-UX System Administrator's Guide: Logical Volume Management on HP Business
Support Center.
• Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM)
VxVM is a storage management subsystem that enables you to manage physical disks as
logical devices called volumes. A volume is a virtual device that appears to a data management
system as a physical disk.
Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM)
Introduction
VxVM is a storage management subsystem that removes the physical limitations of disk storage so
that you can configure, share, manage, and optimize storage I/O performance online without
interrupting data availability. VxVM also provides easy-to-use, online storage management tools
to reduce planned and unplanned system downtime, and online disk storage management for
Overview 9
computing environments and Storage Area Network (SAN) environments. Through RAID support,
VxVM protects against disk and hardware failure. Additionally, VxVM provides features that offer
fault tolerance and fast recovery from disk failure.
VxVM overcomes physical restrictions imposed by hardware disk devices, by providing a logical
volume management layer. This enables volumes to span multiple disks. VxVM also dynamically
configures disk storage while the system is active.
VxVM Features
Veritas Volume Manager supports the following features:
• Veritas Enterprise Administrator (VEA)
A Java™-based graphical user interface for administering VxVM.
• Concatenation
Concatenation maps data in a linear manner onto one or more subdisks in a plex.
• Striping
Striping maps data, so that data is interleaved among two or more physical disks.
• Mirroring
Mirroring uses multiple mirrors to duplicate information contained in a volume.
• Mirrored Stripes
VxVM supports a combination of mirroring and striping.
• Striped Mirrors
VxVM supports a combination of striping and mirroring.
• RAID-5
RAID-5 provides data redundancy using parity.
• Online Resizing of Volumes
You can dynamically resize VxVM volumes while the data remains available to the user.
• Hot-relocation
The hot-relocation feature in VxVM automatically detects disk failures, and notifies the system
administrators of the failure, by email. Hot-relocation also attempts to use spare disks and
frees disk space to restore redundancy and to preserve access to mirrored and RAID-5 volumes.
• Volume Resynchronization
Volume resynchronization ensures that all copies of the data match, when mirroring redundant
copies of data.
• Online Relayout
Online relayout enables you to convert between storage layouts in VxVM, with uninterrupted
data access.
• Volume Snapshot
Volume Snapshots are point in time images of VxVM volumes.
10 Introduction
VxVM 5.1 SP1 does not support snapshots of RAID 5 volumes.
• Dirty Region Logging
Dirty Region Logging (DRL) keeps track of the regions that have been changed because I/O
writes to a mirrored volume. The DRL uses this information to recover only those portions of
the volume that need to be recovered, thereby speeding up recovery after a system crash.
• SmartMove™ Feature
SmartMove reduces the time and I/O required to attach or reattach a plex to an existing
VxVM volume, in the specific case where a VxVM volume has a VxFS file system mounted on
it. The SmartMove feature uses the VxFS information to detect free extents and avoids copying
them.
• Enhancements to the Dynamic Multipathing Feature
This release provides a number of enhancements to the DMP features of VxVM. These
enhancements simplify administration and improve display of detailed information about the
connected storage. Following are the enhancements to the DMP feature:
◦ Dynamic multipathing attributes are now persistent
◦ Improved dynamic multipathing device naming
◦ Default behavior modified for I/O throttling
◦ Specifying a minimum number of active paths
◦ Enhanced listing of subpath
◦ Enhanced I/O statistics
◦ Making DMP restore options persistent
◦ New log file location for DMP events
◦ Extended device attributes displayed in the vxdisk list command
◦ Displaying the use_all_paths attribute for an enclosure
◦ Viewing information about the ASLs installed on the system
◦ Displaying the number of LUNs in an enclosure
◦ Displaying the LUN serial number
◦ Displaying HBA details
◦ New exclude and include Options for the vxdmpadm command
◦ New command for reporting DMP node information
◦ Setting attributes for all enclosures
◦ Support for ALUA JBOD devices
• VxVM Powerfail Timeout (PFTO) feature disabled in the HP-UX Native Multipathing Devices
By default, the use of PFTO is now disabled in the HP-UX native multipathing devices. As a
result, the native multipathing disk I/O can consume additional service time to complete an
I/O successfully. In case of DMP devices, the use of PFTO is enabled by default.
For information on recommendations to maintain high levels of I/O robustness, refer to “I/O
Robustness Recommendations” (page 62).
• Support for LVM version 2 Volume Groups
The LVM version 2 volume groups are now partially supported. VxVM now identifies and
protects the LVM version 2 volume groups. However, the LVM version 2 volume groups cannot
be initialized or converted.
Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) 11
• Distributed Volume Recovery
In a Cluster Volume Manager (CVM) cluster, upon a node failure, the mirror recovery is initiated
by the CVM master. Prior to this release, the CVM master performed all the recovery I/O
tasks. Starting from this release, the CVM master can distribute recovery tasks to other nodes
in the cluster. Distributing the recovery tasks is desirable in some situations so that the CVM
master can avoid an I/O or CPU bottleneck.
• Campus Cluster enhancements
The campus cluster feature provides the capability of mirroring volumes across sites, with hosts
connected to storage at all sites through a Fibre Channel network. In this release, the following
enhancements have been made to the campus cluster feature:
◦ Site Tagging of disks or Enclosures
◦ Automatic Site Tagging
◦ Site Renaming
• Estimated Required Time Displayed During Volume Conversion
During a volume conversion operation, before the conversion is committed, the vxvmconvert
command displays the estimated time required.
• The vxsited daemon Renamed to vxattachd
The vxsited daemon is renamed as the vxattachd daemon. The vxattachd daemon
now also handles automatic reattachment and resynchronization for plexes.
• Automatic Plex Attachment
When a mirror plex encounters irrecoverable errors, VxVM detaches the plex from the mirrored
volume. By default, VxVM automatically reattaches the affected mirror plexes when the
underlying failed disk or LUN becomes visible.
• Persisted Attributes
The vxassist command allows you to define a set of named volume allocation rules, which
can be referenced in volume allocation requests. The vxassist command also allows you
to record certain volume allocation attributes for a volume. These attributes are called persisted
attributes. You can record the persisted attributes and use them in later allocation operations
on the volume, such as increasing the volume.
• Automatic recovery of volumes during disk group import
VxVM allows automatic recovery of volumes during disk group import. After a disk group is
imported, disabled volumes can be enabled and started by default.
• Cross-platform data sharing support for disks greater than 1 TB
In releases prior to VxVM 5.1 SP1, the cdsdisk format was supported only on disks up to
1 TB in size. Therefore, cross-platform disk sharing (CDS) was limited to disks of size up to 1
TB. VxVM 5.1 SP1 removes this restriction. It introduces CDS support for disks of size greater
than 1 TB as well.
12 Introduction
NOTE: The disk group version must be at least 160 to create and use the cdsdisk format
on disks of size greater than 1 TB.
IMPORTANT: VxVM uses the Global Partition Table (GPT) format to initialize disks of size
greater than 1TB in the cdsdisk format. HP Logical Volume Manager (LVM) and the
diskowner command do not recognize disks formatted with the GPT layout. So, LVM and
the diskowner command do not recognize disks of size greater than 1 TB.
For more information, refer to the “Known Problems and Workarounds” section of the Veritas
Volume Manager 5.1 SP1 Release Notes.
• Default format for auto-configured disks has changed
VxVM will initialize all auto-configured disks with the cdsdisk format, by default. To change
the default format, use the vxdiskadm command to update the /etc/default/vxdisk
file.
• Default naming scheme for devices is Enclosure Based Naming Scheme(ebn)
Starting with the VxVM 5.1 SP1 release, the default naming scheme for devices has changed
to the Enclosure Based Naming Scheme(ebn). The following example shows some
sample device names on a system running VxVM 5.1 SP1:
Example 1 Sample device names on a system using the Enclosure Based Naming
Scheme(ebn) (default in VxVM 5.1 SP1)
DEVICE TYPE DISK GROUP STATUS
disk_0 auto:cdsdisk c4t0d0 dg1 online
disk_1 auto:LVM - - LVM
disk_2 auto:LVM - - LVM
disk_3 auto:LVM - - LVM
disk_4 auto:hpdisk rootdisk01 rootdg online
To change the default naming scheme to the Legacy Device Naming Scheme, use the
following command:
# vxddladm set namingscheme=osn mode=legacy
The following example shows some sample device names on a system using the Legacy
Device Naming Scheme:
Example 2 Sample device names on a system using the Legacy Device Naming Scheme
DEVICE TYPE DISK GROUP STATUS
c0t6d0 auto:hpdisk rootdisk01 rootdg online
c3t6d0 auto:LVM - - LVM
c4t0d0 auto:cdsdisk c4t0d0 dg1 online
c4t3d0 auto:LVM - - LVM
c4t9d0 auto:LVM - - LVM
To change the default naming scheme to the Agile Device Naming Scheme, use the
following command:
# vxddladm set namingscheme=osn mode=new
Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) 13
The following example shows some sample device names on a system using the Agile
Device Naming Scheme:
Example 3 Sample device names on a system using the Agile Device Naming Scheme
DEVICE TYPE DISK GROUP STATUS
disk6 auto:hpdisk rootdisk01 rootdg online
disk7 auto:LVM - - LVM
disk11 auto:cdsdisk c4t0d0 dg1 online
disk10 auto:LVM - - LVM
disk9 auto:LVM - - LVM
Only in cases where customers upgrade from an earlier version to this version, Operating
System Native Naming Scheme(osn) or the setting from the earlier release will override
ebn. So, customers will continue to see the osn naming scheme.
• Issuing CVM commands from the slave node
In releases prior to VxVM 5.1 SP1, CVM required that you issue configuration commands for
shared disk groups from the master node of the cluster. Configuration commands change the
object configuration of a CVM shared disk group. Examples of configuration changes include
creating disk groups, importing disk groups, deporting disk groups, and creating volumes.
Starting with the VxVM 5.1 SP1 release, you can issue commands from any node, even when
the command changes the configuration of the shared disk group.
• Changing the CVM master online
CVM now supports changing the CVM master from one node in the cluster to another node,
while the cluster is online. CVM migrates the master node, and re-configures the cluster. After
the master change operation starts re-configuring the cluster, other commands that require
configuration changes will fail.
For more information on changing the CVM master while the cluster is online, refer to the
Veritas Volume Manager 5.1 SP1 Administrator's Guide. To locate this document, go to the
HP-UX Core docs page at: www.hp.com/go/hpux-core-docs. On this page, select HP-UX 11i
v3.
VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP–UX 11i v3
For more information on features that VxVM 5.1 SP1 supports on HP-UX 11i v3, refer to the Veritas
Volume Manager 5.1 SP1 Release Notes. To locate this document, go to the HP-UX Core docs
page at: www.hp.com/go/hpux-core-docs. On this page, select HP-UX 11i v3.
Architecture of VxVM
VxVM operates as a subsystem between the HP-UX operating system and other data management
systems, such as file systems and database management systems. VxVM is layered on top of the
operating system and is dependent on it for the following:
• Physical access to disks
• Device handles
• VM disks
• Multipathing
14 Introduction
VxVM Daemons
VxVM relies on the following daemons for its operation:
• vxconfigd – The VxVM configuration daemon maintains disk and disk group configuration
information, communicates configuration changes to the kernel, and modifies the configuration
information stored on the disks.
• vxiod – The VxVM I/O daemon provides extended I/O operations without blocking the
calling processes.
• vxrelocd – The hot-relocation daemon monitors VxVM for events that affect redundancy,
and performs hot-relocation to restore redundancy.
• vxattachd – The vxattachd daemon handles automatic reattachment and resynchronization
for plexes.
VxVM Objects
VxVM supports the following types of objects:
• Physical Objects
Physical disks or other hardware with block and raw operating system device interfaces that
are used to store data.
• Virtual Objects
The virtual objects in VxVM include the following:
◦ Disk Group
A group of disks that share a common configuration. A configuration consists of a set of
records describing objects (including disks, volumes, plexes, and subdisks) that are
associated with one particular disk group. Each disk group has an administrator-assigned
name, which can be used by the administrator to reference that disk group. Each disk
group also has an internally defined unique disk group ID, which is used to differentiate
two disk groups with the same administrator-assigned name.
◦ VM Disks
When you place a physical disk under VxVM control, a VM disk is assigned to the physical
disk. Each VM disk corresponds to one physical disk. A VM disk is under VxVM control
and is usually in a disk group.
◦ Subdisks
A VM disk can be divided into one or more subdisks. Each subdisk represents a specific
portion of a VM disk, which in turn is mapped to a specific region in a physical disk.
VxVM allocates a set of contiguous blocks for a subdisk.
◦ Plexes
VxVM uses subdisks to build virtual objects called plexes. A plex consists of one or more
subdisks located on one or more physical disks.
◦ Volumes
A volume is a virtual disk device that appears like a physical disk device to applications,
databases, and file systems. However, VxVM volumes do not have the physical limitations
of a physical disk device. A volume consists of one or more plexes, each holding a copy
of the selected data in the volume.
Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) 15
Volume Layouts in VxVM
A volume layout is defined by the association of a volume to one or more plexes, each of which
maps to a subdisk. VxVM supports two different types of volume layout:
• Non-Layered
• Layered
Non-Layered
In a non-layered volume layout, a subdisk maps directly to a VM disk. This enables the subdisk to
define a contiguous extent of storage space backed by the public region of a VM disk.
Layered Volumes
A layered volume is constructed by mapping its subdisks to the underlying volumes. The subdisks
in the underlying volumes must map to VM disks, and hence to the attached physical storage.
VxVM Storage Layouts
Data in virtual objects is organized to create volumes by using the following layouts:
• Concatenation and Spanning
• Striping (RAID-0)
• Mirroring (RAID-1)
• Striping Plus Mirroring (Mirrored-Stripe or RAID-0+1)
• Mirroring Plus Striping (Striped-Mirror, RAID-1+0 or RAID-10)
• RAID-5 (Striping with Parity)
Concatenation and Spanning
Concatenation maps data in a linear manner onto one or more subdisks in a plex. To access the
data in a concatenated plex sequentially, data is first accessed from the first subdisk from beginning
to end and then accessed in the remaining subdisks sequentially from beginning to end, until the
end of the last subdisk.
Striping (RAID-0)
Striping maps data so that the data is interleaved among two or more physical disks. A striped
plex contains two or more subdisks, spread out over two or more physical disks.
Mirroring (RAID-1)
Mirroring uses multiple mirrors (plexes) to duplicate the information contained in a volume. In the
event of a physical disk failure, the plex on the failed disk becomes unavailable.
When striping or spanning across a large number of disks, failure of any one of the disks can
make the entire plex unusable. As disks can fail, you must consider mirroring to improve the
reliability (and availability) of a striped or spanned volume.
Striping Plus Mirroring (Mirrored-Stripe or RAID-0+1)
VxVM supports combination of mirroring above striping. This combined layout is called a
mirrored-stripe layout. A mirrored-stripe layout offers the dual benefits of striping to spread data
across multiple disks, while mirroring provides redundancy of data.
Mirroring Plus Striping (Striped-Mirror, RAID-1+0 or RAID-10)
VxVM supports the combination of striping above mirroring. This combined layout is called a
striped-mirror layout. Putting mirroring below striping, mirrors each column of the stripe. If there
are multiple subdisks per column, each subdisk can be mirrored individually instead of each column.
16 Introduction
RAID-5 (Striping with Parity)
Although both mirroring (RAID-1) and RAID-5 provide redundancy of data, they use different
methods. Mirroring provides data redundancy by maintaining multiple complete copies of the data
in a volume. Data being written to a mirrored volume is reflected in all copies. If a portion of the
mirrored volume fails, the system continues to use the other copies of the data. RAID-5 provides
data redundancy by using parity. Parity is a calculated value used to reconstruct data, after a
failure. If a portion of a RAID-5 volume fails, the data that was on that portion of the failed volume
can be recreated from the remaining data and parity information. It is also possible to mix
concatenation and striping in the layout.
VxVM Interfaces
VxVM provides the following interfaces:
• Command-Line Interface
• Menu-driven vxdiskadm utility
• Veritas Enterprise Administrator
Command-Line Interface
As a superuser, you can administer and configure volumes and other VxVM objects using the
supported vx* commands.
Menu-driven utility
The vxdiskadm utility provides an easy to use menu driven interface for common high-level
operations on disks and disk groups.
Veritas Enterprise Administrator
The Veritas™ Enterprise Administrator (VEA) is the graphical user interface for administering disks,
volumes, and file systems on local and remote machines.
File Systems Supported on HP-UX 11i v3
Table 2 discusses the file systems that are supported on HP-UX 11i v3.
Table 2 Supported File Systems on HP-UX 11i v 3
DescriptionFile System Type
HFS is derived from the UNIX File System, the original BSD file system.Hierarchical File System (HFS)
Veritas File System (VxFS)
(CDFS)
AutoFS
Network File System (NFS)
The Veritas File System is an extent-based, intent logging file system from Symantec
Corporation.
The CD file system enables you to read and write to compact disc media.Compact Disk File System
AutoFS/Automounter mounts directories automatically when users or processes request
access to them. AutoFS also unmounts the directories automatically if they remain
idle for a specified period of time.
Network File System (NFS) provides transparent access to files on the network. An
NFS server makes a directory available to other hosts on the network by “sharing”
the directory.
CacheFS
The Cache File System (CacheFS) is a general purpose file system caching mechanism
that improves server performance and scalability by reducing server and network
load.
File Systems Supported on HP-UX 11i v3 17
Veritas File System (VxFS)
Introduction
The Veritas File System (VxFS) is a high availability, high performance, commercial grade file
system that provides features such as transaction based journaling, fast recovery, extent-based
allocation, and online administrative operations, such as backup, resizing, and defragmentation
of the file system. It provides high performance and easy manageability required by mission-critical
applications, where high availability is critical. It increases the I/O performance and provides
structural integrity.
The Veritas File System version (VxFS ) is the vxfs file system for HP-UX 11i v3 release.
VxFS Features
VxFS supports the following features:
• Extent-Based Allocation
An extent is defined as one or more adjacent blocks of data within the file system. VxFS
allocates storage in groups of extents rather than a block at a time, thereby resulting in faster
read-write operations.
• Extent Attributes
Extent attributes are the extent allocation policies associated with a file. VxFS allocates disk
space to files in groups of one or more extents. VxFS enables applications to control extent
allocation.
The setext and getext commands enable the administrator to set or view extent attributes
associated with a file, as well as to preallocate space for a file.
• Fast File System Recovery
Most file systems rely on full structural verification by the fsck utility as the only means to
recover from a system failure. For large disk configurations, this involves a time-consuming
process of checking the entire structure, verifying that the file system is intact, and correcting
any inconsistencies.
VxFS reduces system failure recovery time by tracking file system activity in the VxFS intent
log. This feature records pending changes to the file system structure in a circular intent log.
• Access Control Lists (ACLs)
An Access Control List (ACL) stores a series of entries that identify specific users or groups,
and their access privileges for a directory or file.
• Online Administration
A VxFS file system can be defragmented and resized while it remains online and available
to users. The online administrations operations supported are backup, resizing, and
defragmentation.
• File Snapshot
VxFS provides online data backup using the snapshot feature. An image of a mounted file
system instantly becomes an exact read-only copy of the file system at a specific point in time.
The original file system is called the snapped file system and the copy is called the snapshot.
• Expanded Application Interface
VxFS supports the following specific features for commercial applications:
18 Introduction
◦ Pre-allocates space for files
◦ Specifies fixed extent size for files
◦ Bypasses the system buffer cache for file I/O
◦ Specifies the expected access pattern for a file
• Extended Mount Options
The extended mount options supported by VxFS include the following:
◦ Enhanced data integrity modes
◦ Enhanced performance modes
◦ Temporary file system modes
◦ Improved synchronous writes
◦ Large file sizes
• Large File and File System Sizes
File systems up to 40 TB and files up to 16 TB in size are supported on HP-UX 11i v3. For
more information on files and file system sizes supported by VxFS, see the Supported File and
File System Sizes white paper on HP Business Support Center.
• Enhanced I/O Performance
VxFS provides enhanced I/O performance by applying an aggressive I/O clustering policy,
integrating with VxVM, and allowing application specific parameters to be set on a per-file
system basis. However, clustering support is not available with the current release.
• Storage Checkpoints
To increase availability, recoverability, and performance, VxFS offers on-disk and online
backup and restore utilities that facilitate frequent and efficient backup of the file system.
Backup and restore applications can leverage the Storage Checkpoint, a disk and I/O-efficient
copying technology for creating periodic frozen images of a file system. Storage Checkpoints
present a view of a file system at a point in time, and subsequently identifies and maintains
copies of the original file system blocks. Instead of using a disk-based mirroring method,
Storage Checkpoints save disk space and significantly reduce I/O overhead by using the free
space pool available to a file system.
• Quotas
VxFS supports quotas, which allocate per-user quotas and limit the use of two principal
resources files and data blocks.
• Multi-Volume Support
The Multi-Volume support enables several volumes to be encapsulated into a single virtual
object called volume set. This volume set can then be used to create a file system, thereby
enabling advanced features such as Dynamic Storage Tiering.
• SmartMove™ Feature
SmartMove reduces the time and I/O required to attach or reattach a plex to an existing
VxVM volume, in the specific case where a VxVM volume has a VxFS file system mounted on
Veritas File System (VxFS) 19
it. The SmartMove feature uses VxFS information to detect free extents and avoids copying
them.
• Dynamic Storage Tiering Enhancements
The Dynamic Storage Tiering (DST) feature provides the following enhancements:
◦ Enhanced DST APIs to provide a new interface for managing allocation policies of storage
checkpoints during creation and later, and for managing named data stream allocation
policies
◦ fsppadm support for user ID (UID), group ID (GID), and tagging (TAG) elements in the
placement policy XML file
◦ Improved scan performance in the fsppadm command
◦ Suppressed processing of the chosen RULE
◦ Parser support for UID, GID, and TAG elements in a DST policy
◦ What-if support for analyzing and enforcing without requiring the policy to be assigned
◦ Storage Checkpoint data placement support in a DST policy
◦ Shared DB thread handle support
◦ CPU and I/O throttling support for DST scans
◦ New command, fstag, for file tagging
◦ New command, fsppmk, for creating XML policies
• Availability of the mntlock and mntunlock Mount Options
You can specify the mntlock option with the mount command to prevent a file system from
being unmounted by an application.
• Autolog replay on mount
Starting with the VxFS 5.1 SP1 release, when the mount command detects a dirty log in the
file system, it will automatically run the VxFS command fsck to clean up the intent log. This
functionality is only supported on file systems mounted on a Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM)
volume.
• FileSnap
FileSnaps provide the ability to snapshot objects that are smaller in granularity than a file
system or a volume. This is an Enterprise level feature. It is supported only with DLV 8
filesystems.
• SmartTier sub-file movement
The Dynamic Storage Tiering (DST) feature is now rebranded as SmartTier. With the SmartTier
feature, you can now manage the placement of file objects as well as entire files on individual
volumes.
• Tuning performance optimization of inode allocation
Starting with the VxFS 5.1 SP1 release, you can optimize the way in which inodes are reused
in inode cache by setting the delicache_enable tunable parameter. It specifies whether
performance optimization of inode allocation and reuse during a new file creation is turned
on or not.
• Veritas File System is more thin-friendly tunable
20 Introduction
Thin Provisioning is a storage array feature that optimizes storage use by automating storage
provisioning. Administrators do not have to estimate how much storage an application requires.
Instead, Thin Provisioning lets administrators provision large thin or thin reclaim capable LUNs
to a host. Physical storage capacity is allocated from a thin pool to the thin/thin reclaim
capable LUNS only after application I/O writes.
Starting with the VxFS 5.1 SP1 release, you can tune VxFS to enable or disable thin-friendly
allocations. This feature is only supported on file systems mounted on a VxVM volume.
• Partitioned Directories
VxFS 5.1 SP1 allows you to create partitioned directories. For every new create, delete, or
lookup thread that is created, VxFS searches for the thread's respective hash directory and
performs the operation in that directory. This allows uninterrupted access to the parent directory
inode and its other hash directories, which significantly improves the read/write performance
of cluster file systems.
This feature is supported only on file systems with DLV 8 or later.
For more information, refer to the Veritas File System 5.1 SP1 Administrator's Guide. To locate
this document, go to the HP-UX Core docs page at: www.hp.com/go/hpux-core-docs. On
this page, select HP-UX 11i v3.
VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3
For more information on features supported with VxFS 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3, refer to the Veritas
File System 5.1 SP1 Release Notes. To locate this document, go to the HP-UX Core docs page at:
www.hp.com/go/hpux-core-docs. On this page, select HP-UX 11i v3.
Architecture of VxFS
HP-UX supports various file systems. In order for the kernel to be able to access these different file
system types, there is a layer of indirection above them called Virtual File System (VFS).
Without the VFS layer, the kernel must know the specifics of each file system type and maintain
distinct code to handle each.
The VFS layer enables the kernel to possess a single set of routines that are common to all file
system types. Handling of the specifics of a file system type are passed down to the file system
specific modules. The following sections describe the VxFS file system specific structures.
The following are the VxFS on-disk structures:
• Superblock
A superblock (SB) resides ~8k from the beginning of the storage and tracks the status of the
file system. It supports maps of free space and other resources (inodes, allocation units, and
so on).
• Intent Log
VxFS reduces system failure recovery time by tracking file system activity in the VxFS intent
log. This feature records pending changes to the file system structure in a circular intent log.
The intent log recovery feature is not readily apparent to users or a system administrator,
except during a system failure. During system failure recovery, the VxFS fsck utility performs
an intent log replay, which scans the intent log, and nullifies or completes file system operations
that were active when the system failed. The file system can then be mounted without completing
a full structural check of the entire file system. Replaying the intent log may not completely
recover the damaged file system structure if there was a disk hardware failure. Hardware
problems may require a complete system check using the fsck utility provided with VxFS.
• Allocation Unit
Allocation units are made up of a series of data blocks. Each allocation unit typically consists
of 32k contiguous blocks. Several contiguous data blocks make up an extent. The extents are
used for file data storage.
Veritas File System (VxFS) 21
Extent Based Allocation
An extent is defined as one or more adjacent blocks of data within the file system. Extent based
allocation offers the following advantages:
• Allows large I/Os for efficiency
• Supports dynamic resizing of disk space
22 Introduction
2 System Requirements
This chapter discusses the various system requirements for the Veritas 5.1 SP1 suite of products.
This chapter addresses the following topics:
• Software Dependency
• OS Version
• Patch Requirements
• Required Packages for VEA
• Software Depot Content
• License Bundles
• Disk Space Requirements
Software Dependency
• VxFS 5.1 SP1 works with both HP LVM and VxVM 5.1 SP1 on HP-UX 11i v3
• VxVM 5.1 SP1 works only when VxFS 5.1 SP1 is installed
OS Version
This release can only be installed on a system running the HP-UX 11i v3 March 2011 Operating
Environment Upgrade Release (OEUR) or later on the PA-RISC or Itanium platforms.
To verify the operating system version, use the swlist command as follows:
# swlist | grep HPUX11i
HPUX11i-DC-OE B.11.31.1103 HP-UX Data Center Operating Environment
Patch Requirements
VxFS 5.1 SP1 and VxVM 5.1 SP1 for HP-UX 11i v3 require certain patches to function correctly.
In addition, certain patches are recommended for all installations.
Table 3 lists all the required and recommended patches for VxFS 5.1 SP1 and VxVM 5.1 SP1 for
HP-UX 11i v3. You can obtain all these patches from http://itrc.hp.com. However, some of these
patches may already be available to you in the HP-UX11i v3 OEUR. Table 3 lists each patch and
mentions if the patch or a superseding patch is already included in a given OEUR. If the OEUR
does not contain a particular patch, you must download the patch accordingly.
Table 3 Required and Recommended Patches
Required Patches
Recommended Patches
Available in HP-UX 11i v3 March 2011 OEURPatch
YesPHKL_38651
YesPHKL_38952
YesPHKL_40944
YesPHKL_41086
YesPHSS_39898
NoPHCO_41903
NoPHKL_40130
Software Dependency 23
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