HP OMNIBER 718 User Manual

HP 37718A OmniBER 718

User’s Guide DSn/SONET Operation

 Copyright HewlettPackard Ltd.1998

HP Part No. 37718-90022

First edition, 09/98 Second Edition, 12/98 Printed in U.K.

Warranty

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Hewlett-Packardmakes no warranty of any kindwithregardto this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties or merchantability and ﬁtness for a particular purpose.

Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequentialdamages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

WARNING

WarningSymbols Used on the Product

The product is marked with this symbol when the usershould refer to the instruction manual in order to protect the apparatus against damage.

The product is marked with this symbol to indicate that hazardous voltages are present

The product is marked with this symbol to indicate that a laser is ﬁtted. The user should refer tothe laser safety information in the Calibration Manual.

Hewlett-Packard Limited Telecommunications Networks Test Division South Queensferry West Lothian, Scotland EH30 9TG

User’s Guide DSn/SONET Operation

HP 37718A OmniBER 718

About This Book

This book tells you how to select the features that you want to use for your test.

The selections available are presented in the following groups:

• Transmit and receive interfaces

• Testfeatures,forexample,theaddition oferrors andalarmsto thetest

signal

• Measurements including test timing

• Storing, logging and printing results with general printer information

• Using instrument and disk storage

• Using the “Other” features.

The selections available will depend on the options ﬁtted to your instrument. The examples given in this book cover all options and therefore may include selections which are not available on your instrument.

Contents

1 Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Transmit Interface 2 Setting SONET Transmit Interface 4 Setting Jitter Transmit Interface 7 Setting Wander Transmit Interface 9 Setting SONET THRU Mode 11 Using Smart Test 13 Setting DSn Receive Interface 15 Setting SONET Receive Interface 17 Setting Jitter Receive Interface 18 Setting Extended Jitter Receive Interface 19 Setting Wander Receive Interface 20

2 Selecting Test Features

Using Transmit Overhead Setup 22 Using Receive Overhead Monitor 24 Setting Overhead Trace Messages 26 Generating Overhead Sequences 27 Using Receive Overhead Capture 29 Adding Frequency Offset to SONET Signal 31 Adding Frequency Offset to the DSn Signal 33 Setting up Signaling Bits 34 Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal 37 Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal 39 Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s/N x 56 kb/s Structured Payload/Test Signal 40 Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s/N x 56 kb/s Structured Payload/Test Signal 42

Contents

Inserting an External DSn Payload/Test Signal 43 Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal 46 Adding Errors & Alarms at the SONET Interface 49 Adding Errors & Alarms to the DSn Interface/DSn Payload 50 Using FEAC Codes 51 Setting DSn Spare Bits 53 Adding Pointer Adjustments 54 Using Pointer Graph Test Function 61 Stressing Optical Clock Recovery Circuits 63 Generating Automatic Protection Switch Messages 64 Inserting & Dropping Data Communications Channel 65

3 Making Measurements

Using Overhead BER Test Function 68 Test Timing 69 Making SONET Analysis Measurements 70 Making DSn Analysis Measurements 71 Measuring Frequency 72 Measuring Optical Power 73 Measuring Round Trip Delay 74 Monitoring Signaling Bits 76 Measuring Service Disruption Time 77 Performing a SONET Tributary Scan 80 Performing an SONET Alarm Scan 82 Performing a DSn Alarm Scan 83 Measuring Jitter 84 Measuring Extended Jitter 86 Measuring Wander 87 Measuring Jitter Tolerance 89

Contents

Measuring Jitter Transfer 92

4 Storing, Logging and Printing

Saving Graphics Results to Instrument Store 98 Recalling Stored Graph Results 99 Viewing the Bar Graph Display 101 Viewing the Graphics Error and Alarm Summaries 103 Logging Graph Displays 105 Logging Results 107 Logging on Demand 110 Logging Jitter Tolerance Results 112 Logging Jitter Transfer Results 114 Logging Results to Parallel (Centronics) Printer 116 Logging Results to HP-IB Printer 117 Logging Results to Internal Printer 118 Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer 119 Printing Results from Disk 120 Connecting an HP 850C DeskJet Printer to a Parallel Port 121 Changing Internal Printer Paper 122 Cleaning Internal Printer Print Head 125

5 Using Instrument and Disk Storage

Storing Conﬁgurations in Instrument Store 128 Titling Conﬁguration in Instrument Store 129 Recalling Conﬁgurations from Instrument Store 130 Formatting a Disk 131

vii

Contents

Labeling a Disk 132 Managing Files and Directories on Disk 133 Saving Graphics Results to Disk 140 Saving Data Logging to Disk 142 Saving Conﬁgurations to Disk 143 Recalling Conﬁguration from Disk 144 Recalling Graphics Results from Disk 145 Copying Conﬁguration from Instrument Store to Disk 146 Copying Conﬁguration from Disk to Instrument Store 148 Copying Graphics Results from Instrument Store to Disk 150

6 Selecting and Using "Other" Features

Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings 154 Setting Time & Date 155 Enabling Keyboard Lock 156 Enabling Beep on Received Error 157 Suspending Test on Signal Loss 158 Setting Error Threshold Indication 159 Setting Screen Brightness and Color 160 Dumping Display to Disk 161 Running Self Test 163

viii

Contents

7 STS-1 SPE Background Patterns

8 ETSI/ANSI Terminology

ETSI/ANSI Conversion and Equivalent Terms 170

Contents

1 Setting the Interfaces

This chapter tells you how to set the instrument interfaces to match the network being tested.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Transmit Interface

Description DSn transmit interface settings should match network equipment

settings of Rate, Termination and Line Code and determine the Payload to be tested.

TIP: To set the Transmitter and Receiver to the same interface settings

choose .

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

HOW TO: 1 Choose the required SIGNAL rate.

Rates of DS1, DS3, 2 Mb/s and 34 Mb/s are available.

2 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the SIGNAL rate, choose the required

CLOCK SYNC source - internally generated or recovered from the received DSn signal. If Jitter,Option 204, 205 or206,is ﬁtted andSIGNAL is chosen a choice is added to the menu. This allows you to choose the

2M REF

synchronization source for the 2 Mb/s reference. The synchronization source is supplied from theSONETClockmodule. It can be internally generated, derived from an external clock or recovered from the SONET received signal.

2 Mb/s

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Transmit Interface

3 If DS1 or DS3 is chosen, choose the required OUTPUT LEVEL. 4 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the SIGNAL rate, choose the required

TERMINATION. (At all other signal rates the impedance is ﬁxed).

5 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s or DS1 as the SIGNAL rate, choose the

required LINE CODE. (At 34 Mb/s and DS3 coding is ﬁxed).

6 If required, choose the FREQUENCY OFFSET value.

See “Adding Frequency Offset to the DSn Signal” page 33.

7 Choose the required PAYLOAD TYPE.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen the DSn test signal must be set up. See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 37. If you have chosen 2 Mb/s, DS1 or DS3 as the DSn signal rate, the Framed choice is expanded to provide a menu of framing types.

8 Choose the PATTERN type and the PRBS POLARITY.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Transmit Interface

Description SONET transmit interface settings should match the network

equipment settings of Rate, Wavelength and Mapping, determine the payload to be tested and set background conditions to prevent alarms while testing.

TIP: If you wish to set the HP 37718A transmitter and receiver to the same

interface settings choose .

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

HOW TO: 1 Make your choice of SIGNAL rate.

If Option106, Dual Wavelengthopticalmodule, isﬁttedand an optical rate is chosen, choose the required wavelength (1550) or (1310). If STS-1 is chosen, choose the required interface level. Choose unless isrequired.If is chosen, see "Setting SONET THRU Mode " page 11.

2 Make your choice of CLOCK synchronization source. The RECEIVE

clocksynchronizationchoice dependsonthe SONET ReceiveInterface choice.

EXTERNAL

3 If required choose the FREQUENCY OFFSET value. See “Adding

Frequency Offset to SONET Signal” page 31.

INTERNAL THRU MODE THRU MODE

allows a choice of MTS, BITS or 10 MHz clocks.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Transmit Interface

4 Choose FOREGROUND , BACKGROUND

B/G MAPPING

MAPPING and type of payload.

F/G MAPPING

Mapping may beselectedfroma pictorial display by moving the cursor to MAPPING and pressing .

SET

Use and to move betweenSTSLayer choice, VTLayerchoice and Payload Layer choice. Use and to choose the mapping.

SET

Use to conﬁrm your choice and return to the

MAIN SETTINGS

display.

SONET

5 If VT-6 mapping is chosen, VT CONCATENATION selection is

enabled, choose or the tributary at which the concatenation

OFF

begins, VT6-2C through VT6-6C. The BACKGROUND, PATTERN IN OTHER VT-6’s is ﬁxed at NUMBERED, that is, each VT-6 contains a unique number to allow identiﬁcation in case of routing problems.

6 If required, choose DS1/2M/34M/DS3 OFFSET value. See “Adding

Frequency Offset to SONET Signal” page 31

7 If FULL SPE, VT-6, VT-2orVT-1.5mapping is chosen, choose the test

tributary CHANNEL,including the STS-3foran OC-12/OC-48 signal.

8 Choose the payloadframingunder PAYLOAD TYPE or VTPAYLOAD.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen, thePayloadtestsignal must besetup. See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 37. If is chosen, see “Inserting an External DSn Payload/Test

INSERT

Signal” page 43.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Transmit Interface

If you have chosen 2 Mb/s, DS1 or DS3 under Mapping, the Framed choice is expanded to provide a menu of framing types.

9 Choose the PATTERN type and PRBS polarity.

10 Choose the mapping required in the background (non-test) STS’s. 11 If VT mapping is chosen for the test STS, choose the PATTERN IN

OTHER VT’s.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Jitter Transmit Interface

Description: You can add jitter to the transmitted DSn or SONET signal at 2 Mb/s,

34 Mb/s, STS-3, OC-3, OC-12, and OC-48. You can source the jitter modulation internally or from an external source.

HOW TO: 1 If you are adding jitter to the DSn signal, set up the DSn transmit

interface. See Chapter “Setting DSn Transmit Interface”.

2 If you are adding jitter to the SONET signal, set up the SONET

transmit interface. See “Setting SONET Transmit Interface” page 4.

3 Choose JITTER/WANDER .

If you wish to add wander to the DSn or SONET signal, See “Setting Wander Transmit Interface” page 9.

4 Choose JITTER .

If you wish to perform a Jitter Tolerance measurement, choose

AUTO TOLERANCE

If you wish to perform a Jitter Transfer measurement choose

TRANSFER FUNCTION

. See “Measuring Jitter Tolerance” page 89.

JITTER

. See “Measuring Jitter Transfer” page 92.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Jitter Transmit Interface

5 Choose the modulation source.

If adding jitter to the DSn signal and is chosen, connect

EXTERNAL

the external source to the MOD IN port of the DSn Jitter TX module. Up to 10 UI ofexternaljittermodulation can be added at the MOD IN port. If adding jitter to the SDH signal and is chosen, connect

EXTERNAL

the external source to the MOD IN port of the SONET Clock module. Up to 20 UI ofexternaljittermodulation can be added at the MOD IN port.

6 Choose the JITTER MASK setting required.

You can choose the jitter range, jitter modulating frequency and jitter amplitude if is chosen. If youchoose ,the HP 37718A will "sweep"throughthe ITU-T

OFF

SWEPT

jitter mask (G.823 for DSn, G.958, G.825 or G.253 for SONET) adjusting the jitter amplitude according to the jitter frequency. If you choose , you can choose the "spot" jitter frequency. The

SPOT

jitter amplitude is adjusted and controlled according to your jitter frequency choice.

TIP: If, when using the SWEPT MASK capability, a problem occurs around a

certain frequency, this may require closer examination. Stop the sweep at that point by choosing . You can then control the "spot" jitter

SPOT

frequency to make closer examination of the problem.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Wander Transmit Interface

Description: You can add Wander to the 2 Mb/s DSn signal and the STS-3, OC-3,

OC-12 or OC-48 SONET signal.

HOW TO: DSn Wander (2 Mb/s)

1 ConnectREFOUT on theSONET Clockmoduleto REF INon the DSn

Jitter TX module (this provides the Wander Reference).

2 Setupthe DSntransmitinterface, chooseCLOCK SYNC and

select the SOURCE required from the menu. See “Setting DSn Transmit Interface” page 2.

3 Choose JITTER/WANDER .

Ifyouwish toadd jitter tothe DSnsignal,See “SettingJitter Transmit Interface” page 7.

4 Choose WANDER . 5 Choose the modulation source.

If is chosen, connect the external source to the MOD IN

EXTERNAL

port of the DSn Jitter TX module. Up to 10 UI of external wander modulation can be added.

2M REF

WANDER

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Wander Transmit Interface

6 Choose the WANDER MASK setting required.

You can choose the wander modulating frequency and wander amplitude if is chosen. If you choose ,youcanchoosethe"spot"wander frequency. The

OFF

SPOT

wanderamplitude isadjustedand controlledaccordingto yourwander frequency choice.

SONET Wander (STS-3, OC-3, OC-12, OC-48)

7 Set up the SONET transmit interface. See “Setting SONET Transmit

Interface” page 4.

8 Choose JITTER/WANDER .

WANDER

If you wish to add jitter to the SONET signal, see "Setting Jitter Transmit Interface " page 7.

9 Choose WANDER .

10 Choose the WANDER MASK setting required.

You can choose the wander modulating frequency and wander amplitude if is chosen. If you choose ,youcanchoosethe"spot"wander frequency. The

OFF

SPOT

wanderamplitude isadjustedand controlledaccordingto yourwander frequency choice.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET THRU Mode

Description THRU mode is used to non-intrusively monitor SONET lines where no

protected monitor points are available. As THRU mode locks some user settings, you must set SIGNAL RATE, STS rate, STS-1 SPE CHANNEL (if appropriate) before selecting THRU mode. The entire frame can be errorred at a user deﬁned rate if PAYLOAD OVERWRITE and TOH+POH CHANNEL OVERWRITE are both set to

. If eitheroverwriteisenabled the ENTIRE FRAME ERROR RATE

OFF

function is disabled.

OC-1/STS-1, OC-3/STS-3

You can substituteanewpayload, Section and Line Overhead (TOH) and Path overhead (POH) in the received OC-1/STS-1 or OC-3/STS-3 signal for testing.

OC-12, OC-48

The overhead and payload may be overwritten for STS-3c SPE and AU3. PAYLOAD OVERWRITE is not available for STS-12C or STS-48C. TOH+POH CHANNEL overwrite is available for STS-12C and STS-48C.

HOW TO:

1 Make the required SIGNAL RATE, MAPPING and CHANNEL

choices on the SONET and displays, See

"Setting SONET Transmit Interface " page 4 and "Setting SONET

Receive Interface " page 17.

TRANSMIT

RECEIVE

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET THRU Mode

2 Make the PAYLOAD OVERWRITE choice required.

If STS-3cSPE, STS-1 SPE,VT-6,VT-2or VT-1.5ischosen, the Section, Line and Path CVs are recalculated before transmission and the Mapping, Selected VT, VT Payload, Pattern, Tributary Offset and Pattern in other VT’s settings are displayed. To choose the settings in these, See "Setting SONET Transmit Interface " page 4, steps 4 through 10.

3 Make the TOH+POH CHANNEL OVERWRITE choice required.

You canonlymodify those overhead bytes available under

SONET TEST FUNCTION SONET

: Errors & Alarms, Sequences,

TRANSMIT

Overhead BER, APS Messages and DCC Insert. The Section, Line and Path CVs are recalculated before transmission.

4 Ifyouwish toadd jitterto theSTS-3,OC-3, OC-12or OC-48signal, See

“Setting Jitter Transmit Interface” page 7.

Setting the Interfaces

Using Smart Test

Description The SmartTest functioncanhelp speed-up conﬁguring the instrument in

two ways. 1 A Smartsetup feature that will attempt to conﬁgure the instrument

to receive the incoming signal.

2 A series of “links” that provide quick access to some of the most

frequently used features of the instrument. Note that these tests are run with the instrument in its current conﬁguration, no attempt is made to set the instrument to the requirements of the test.

Smartsetup can help the user by attempting to identify the incoming signal structure and detect mixed payload signal structures.

HOW TO USE SMARTSETUP:

1 Connect the HP 37718A to the network and choose if necessary the

SET

RECEIVE

SELECT

required SONET interface on the HP 37718A (Smartsetup will select DSn or SONET/SDH, but can not select between SONET and SDH).

2 Press .

The display will show the Smart Test menu above.

3 Press either or .

SMART TEST

Setting the Interfaces

Using Smart Test

4 In SONET mode the incoming signal will be identiﬁed on the top line

of the display, and under this the payload mappings, the J1Traceand C2 byte indicators are displayed on the bottom lines.

5 Use the and keys to display the J1 Trace informationforeach

STS SPE. When the STS SPE of interest has been identiﬁed choose either or .

VIEW PAYLOAD PRBS SEARCH

6 Choosing will identify and display the payload

VIEW PAYLOAD

mapping of the TUG structured signal, as shown below. Choose the required tributary using and .

7 There are four choices available at this point:

SETUP RX TROUBLE SCAN

tributary, exitstothe displayandstarts

which sets the receiver to receive the selected tributary.

which sets the receiver to receive the selected

RESULTS

TROUBLE SCAN

gating.

VIEW LABELS

which displaystheC2/V5/J1/J2 trace information for

the selected tributary.

TOP LEVEL

which returns the display to the STS SPE selection

window.

8 Choosing at Step 5 will prompt you for additional

PRBS SEARCH

information about patterns and which mapping to search. When the required data has been entered press .

9 When the search is complete a tributary display appears, with any

tributariescontainingthe required PRBSindicated with a“P”. Choose the required tributary using and .

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Receive Interface

Description DSn Receive interface settings should match the network equipment

settings of Rate, Termination and Line Code and determine the Payload to be tested.

TIP: To set the transmitter and receiver to the same interface settings choose

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

HOW TO: 1 Choose the required SIGNAL rate.

2 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the SIGNAL rate, choose the required

TERMINATION. (At all other rates the impedance is ﬁxed.)

3 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s or DS1 as the SIGNAL rate, choose the

required LINE CODE. (At 34Mb/s and DS3 coding is ﬁxed.)

4 If you are measuring at the networkequipmentmonitorpoint,set the

LEVEL ﬁeld to . In this case the received signal will be 20 to 30 dB below the normal level. Choose the GAIN required to return the received signal to normal. Choose EQUALIZATION to compensate for cable losses if required.

MONITOR

Setting the Interfaces

Setting DSn Receive Interface

5 Choose the PAYLOAD TYPE.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen, the DSn test signal must be set up. See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 37. If you chose 2 Mb/s, DS1 or DS3 as the PDH/DSn SIGNAL rate, the FRAMED choice is expanded to provide a menu of framing types.

6 Choose the PATTERN type and the PRBS POLARITY required.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting SONET Receive Interface

Description SONET Receive interface settings should match the network equipment

settings of Rate and Mapping, and determine the payload to be tested.

TIP: If you wish to set the HP 37718A transmitter and receiver to the same

interface settings, choose .

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED

HOW TO: 1 Choose the required SIGNAL source.

If STS-1 or STS-3 is chosen, choose the required LEVEL. If the LEVEL chosen is choose the required GAIN.

MONITOR

2 Choose mapping and type of payload. 3 If VT-6 mapping is chosen,and CONCATENATIONisenabled, choose

the tributary at which the concatenation begins. If VT-6, VT-2 or VT-1.5 mapping is chosen, choose the test tributary under CHANNEL.

4 Choose the payloadframingunder PAYLOAD TYPE or VTPAYLOAD.

If is required must be chosen.

STRUCTURED

If is chosen the Payload test signal must besetup. See

STRUCTURED

FRAMED

“Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 39. If DROP is chosen, see “Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal” page 46.

5 Choose the PATTERN type and PRBS polarity.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Jitter Receive Interface

Description: Jitter and error measurements are made simultaneously when a jitter

option is ﬁtted. The measurements are made on the normal input to the DSn or SONET receiver and the interface selections are the normal Receiver selections. Thejitterreceiveinterfaceis selected with

PDH/DSn JITTER JITTER

or MEASUREMENT TYPE

RECEIVE

SONET

JITTER

The choices made on the jitter receive interface determine the jitter measurement range, the threshold level for determining a jitter hit and which ﬁlters are used in the jitter measurement.

RECEIVE

HOW TO: 1 Choose MEASUREMENT TYPE .

JITTER

2 Choose the RECEIVER RANGE - the jitter measurement range. 3 Choose the HIT THRESHOLD level - if the received jitter exceeds the

value chosen a jitter hit is recorded.

4 Choose the FILTER you wish to include in the peak to peak and RMS

jitter measurement.

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Extended Jitter Receive Interface

Description: Extended Jitter measurements are made in a jitter bandwidth of 0.1 Hz

to 25 kHz. These measurements are made at the upper end of the standard wander frequency range and the lower end of the standard jitter frequency range. The extended jitter receive interface is selected with or

RECEIVE

MEASUREMENT TYPE .

The choices made on the jitter receive interface determine the threshold level for determining a jitter hit. The measurement Range and the Filters are not selectable.

PDH/DSn JITTER

EXTENDED

RECEIVE

SONET

JITTER

HOW TO: 1 Choose MEASUREMENT TYPE .

2 Choose the HIT THRESHOLD level - if the received jitter exceeds the

value chosen a jitter hit is recorded.

EXTENDED

Setting the Interfaces

Setting Wander Receive Interface

Description: You can measure Wander at all DSn and SONET rates. An external

timing reference should be selected on the or

SONET MAIN SETTINGS

display to ensure accurate Wander results.

TRANSMIT

PDH/DSn

HOW TO: 1 Choose an external timing reference on the

MAIN SETTINGS

display. See, “Setting SONET Transmit Interface”

page 4.

2 If you intend to measure wander on a DSn signal, set up the DSn

receive interface. See, “Setting DSn Receive Interface” page 15.

3 If you intend to measure wander on a SONET signal, set up the

SONET receive interface. See, “Setting SONET Receive Interface” page 17.

4 Choose MEASUREMENT TYPE .

WANDER

5 Choose the wander HIT THRESHOLD - if the received wander

exceeds the value chosen a wander hit is recorded.

TRANSMIT

SONET

+ 160 hidden pages