HP DDS-3 TAPE AUTOLOADER User Manual

HP A3716A Autoloader

Users Guide

Front Cover

(Rep la ce with Color Cover Artwork)

Product Details

Note your autoloader details here so you can find them easily when you need them.

Model name:

Model number:

Serial number:

Date purchased/installed:

SCSI ID:

Autoloader option switch value:

HP A3716A Autoloader

HP A3716A

Inside Front Cover

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced or translated to another language without the prior written consent of Hewlett-Packard Limited.

Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages (including lost profits) in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material whether based on warranty, contract, or other legal theory..

March 1997 Part Number: 3716-96001 Printed in the U.K.

Servicing

Any servicing, adjustment, maintenance or repair must be performed only by authorized service-trained personnel.

Warranty

If you have any questions about the warranty for this product, contact your dealer or your local Hewlett-Packard sales representative.

Hewlett-Packard and HP are registered trademarks and TapeAlert is a trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company.

All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies or organizations.

Introducing the HP A3716A Autoloader

The HP A3716A autoloader combines a DDS-3 format drive with a changer mechanism which accesses one of six cartridges in a removable magazine.

The DDS-3 (Digital Data Storage) format is the fourth generation of formats based on DAT (Digital Audio Tape) technology. A single 125m DDS-3 cartridge stores 24 GB of data using 2:1 data compression.

Note The autoloader is intended for use with five data cartridges and one cleaning

cartridge in the magazine, allowing one cartridge for each days use and the ability to clean the tape heads when necessary. Use of more than one cartridge per day is strongly discouraged.

Caution Use only an HP cleaning cartridge (part number 92283K) to clean the tape

heads. Do not use swabs or other means of cleaning the heads.

The HP A3716A can be used with HP 9000 Series 700 and 800 computer systems and applications. Although optimum performance will be achieved with 125m DDS-3 cartridges, the autoloader can read and write 120m DDS-2 cartridges in DDS-2 format, and 60m and 90m DDS-1 cartridges in DDS-1 format. This ensures backwards compatibility with earlier DDS-format drives and autoloaders.

Note Use 125m DDS-3 cartridges for optimum performance.

Data Compression

By default, the HP A3716A compresses data before writing it to tape, using the popular DCLZ algorithm. This achieves a compression ratio of typically 2:1.

How To Use this Manual

This manual is in four parts.

Part 1: Installation Instructions

Part 1 (Chapters 1 and 2) takes you through unpacking the autoloader, installing and configuring it, and testing that the installation is successful.

Part 2: Use and Care Instructions

Part 2 (Chapters 3 through 8) explains how to use the autoloader and cartridges:

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5 Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

describes the front panel indicators and controls and tells you how to load and unload the magazine and cartridges.

lists all the messages that can appear on the front panel display and, where appropriate, suggests actions you should take.

discusses how to plan and implement a backup strategy.

covers care of the autoloader and cartridges, including cleaning heads and what cartridges to use.

takes you through the process of upgrading the autoloaders firmware from a cartridge.

gives courses of action to take in the case of any problems with the drive.

Part 3: Reference

The appendixes give reference information about the autoloader:

Appendix A Appendix B

is the specification of the autoloader.

lists part numbers for ordering cartridges and SCSI accessories.

Part 1: Installation Instructions

Introducing the HP A3716A Autoloader i How To Use this Manual ii

1 Unpacking and Preparing for Installation

Unpacking the Autoloader 1-2 Checking Computer Requirements 1-3 Planning the SCSI Bus 1-3 Selecting a Site 1-4

2 Installing Your Autoloader

The Rear Panel of the Autoloader 2-3 Installation on Series 700, 800 and 900 Systems 2-4 Configuring Software on Series 700 and 800 (HSC only) Systems Running

HP-UX 10.01 or Later 2-6

Configuring Software on Series 800 HP-PB (NIO) Systems Running

HP-UX 10.01 or Later 2-9

Configuring Software on Series 800 HP-PB (NIO) Systems Running

HP-UX 9.04 2-14

Configuring Software on Series 900 Systems Running MPE/iX Version 5.5

Power Patch 1 or Later 2-20

Part 2: Use and Care Instructions

3 Using Your Autoloader

Switching on the Autoloader 3-2 Front Panel 3-2 Loading a Magazine and Cartridges 3-5 Ejecting the Magazine and Cartridges 3-7

Forcing Ejection 3-7

Autoloader Modes of Operation 3-8

4 Front Panel Messages

Message Categories 4-2 Messages 4-3

5 Choosing a Backup Strategy

Method 1: One Magazine Per Week 5-2 Method 2: Magazine Rotation 5-3

6 Care of Cartridges and Drive

Head Cleaning 6-2

Cleaning Cartridge Life 6-3 Write-Protecting a Cartridge 6-4 Labeling Cartridges and Magazines 6-4 Temperature and Condensation 6-5 Power-Cycling 6-5 Caring for Cartridges 6-6

Maximizing Tape Life 6-6

Storing Cartridges 6-6 Choosing Cartridges 6-7

Mixing Cartridges in a Magazine 6-8

7 Upgrading Firmware by Cartridge

Upgrade Problems 7-3

8 Troubleshooting

Problems with Your Autoloader 8-2 Common Questions and Answers 8-4

Contents-2

Part 3: Reference

A Product Specifications

Physical Specifications A-2 Performance A-2 Power Requirements A-2 Environmental Specifications A-3 Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility A-4

B Ordering Information

Glossary

Index

Part 1

Installation Instructions

Chapter 1: Unpacking and Preparing for Installation

Chapter 2: Installing the Autoloader

Installation Instructions

Part 1-6

Unpacking and Preparing for

Installation

This chapter describes:

n Unpacking the autoloader

n The equipment and information you need before starting the installation

n An overview of the installation procedure

Time required: approximately 10 minutes

Unpacking and Preparing for Installation

Unpacking the Autoloader

Unpack the box containing the autoloader and check that you have the following items:

Autoloader with

SCSI terminator attached to the rear

User’s Guide

*Hewlett-Packard supplies the correct power cable for each country. Your power cable

may differ from the illustration.

SCSI cable

Power cable*

Magazine (in plastic case)

with 5 DDS-3 cartridges and one cleaning cartridge

1-2

If anything is missing or appears damaged, contact your supplier or the delivery company.

q Note the serial number of the drive and the date on which it was purchased or

delivered on the space provided inside the front cover of this guide.

Checking Computer Requirements

To install an autoloader to work with your computer system, there are three

requirements you need to check:

n The computer system

n SCSI capability

n The software you will use to back up and restore files

These are each covered below.

Computer Requirements

n HP 9000 Series 700, with HP-UX 10.01 or later

n HP 9000 Series 800, with HP-UX 9.04 or later

n HP 3000 Series 900, with MPE/iX Power Patch 1 or later

SCSI Capability

The autoloader is connected to your computer system through SCSI-2, which

means the computer system must have either a SCSI-2 host adapter board or

SCSI-2 capability built into the motherboard. In either case, there will be a SCSI

connector on the rear panel of the computer system.

Unpacking and Preparing for Installation

Checking Computer Requirements

Backup Software Requirements

Your computer must have a backup application that supports the autoloader so

that you can back up and restore data, such as HP Omniback.

To use the full potential of the autoloader, a backup application must support

the HP A3716A.

Planning the SCSI Bus

The autoloader is connected by a SCSI bus (or cable) to the host computer

through a SCSI host adapter or through a SCSI connector attached to the main

system board. You need to decide where the autoloader is to go on the bus in

relation to any other autoloaders.

To configure the autoloader properly, you will need to identify the SCSI IDs of

other autoloaders on the SCSI bus.

1-3

Unpacking and Preparing for Installation

Selecting a Site

You need to find a firm flat surface on which to place the autoloader. The site should satisfy the following conditions:

n It should be situated away from doors or windows that open outside, to

avoid sudden changes in temperature.

n The environment should be reasonably free from dust and excessive

humidity. Do not place the autoloader on the floor, near a door, near a heavily-travelled walkway, or near a laser printer.

n There should be at least 150 mm (6 in) of clear space behind the autoloader

to allow for ventilation.

For more details on the conditions under which the autoloader should operate, see the specifications in Appendix A.

What Next?

If your computer has all the hardware and software it needs to support the autoloader, you are ready to start installing the autoloader. Go now to Chapter 2.

1-4

Installing Your Autoloader

This chapter describes how to install an HP A3716A autoloader.

Time required: approximately 30 minutes

Installing Your Autoloader

Overview

The installation process consists of the following steps. They are described more fully beginning on page 2-4.

1 Shut down the operating system on the computer to which the autoloader is

2 Check the autoloaders SCSI ID, and reset it if you want to change the default

3 Check the default autoloader option switch setting of 6. 4 Connect the SCSI cable. 5 If the autoloader is the last device on the SCSI bus, ensure that the SCSI

6 Connect the power cord.

When you have finished, you need to check the installation. This is covered in Chapter 3.

to be connected and power down the computer.

setting of 3.

terminator is attached to one of the SCSI connectors on the rear panel. Failure to do so could cause intermittent failures.

Tools You May Need

You do not need any special tools to install the autoloader. If you need to change the SCSI ID on the autoloader, you will need a narrow pointed object such as a ball-point pen or small screwdriver.

2-2

The Rear Panel of the Autoloader

Figure 2.1 shows the rear panel of the autoloader with a SCSI terminator fitted

to SCSI connector 2. You only need to remove the terminator if the autoloader

is between two other devices on the bus, or between another device and the

host computer.

Figure 2.1 Rear panel connectors and switches

Installing Your Autoloader

The Rear Panel of the Autoloader

SCSI ID

SCSI connector 1

SCSI connector 2 with terminator attached

Power on/off switch

Autoloader option switch setting

Power connector

2-3

Installing Your Autoloader

Installation on Series 700, 800 and 900 Systems

1 Check and reset the SCSI ID if necessary.

The SCSI ID of the autoloader is set to 3 at the factory.

n Look at the rear panel of the autoloader and check that it is still

set to 3.

n You only need to change the SCSI ID if you already have a device on the bus

with ID 3.

Note Do not use SCSI ID 7, which is reserved for the SCSI controller.

To change the SCSI ID:

Press the + and − buttons above and below the SCSI ID display on the rear

of the autoloader to increase or decrease the number.

Use a ball-point pen or small screwdriver. Do not use a pencil because particles of pencil lead might get into the autoloader.

2 Check the autoloader option switch value (default is 6).

The autoloader option switch on the rear panel of the autoloader allows you to configure the autoloader for different computer systems. The correct settings for different systems are shown in the following table:

System Setting

Series 700 7 Series 800 (HSC connect) 7 Series 800 (NIO connect) 6 Series 900 6

SCSI ID

Option Switc h

2-4

3 Check the configuration switch setting.

When the autoloader is powered on, it reads a set of configuration switches that tells it how to handle data compression, non-Media Recognition System tape cartridges and other options. These configuration switches are located in a deep recess on the underside of the autoloader. The default setting is shown in figure 2.2.

Figure 2.2 Configuration switches (shown in default positions)

On On Off On On On On On

This default setting is correct for HP systems.

If you want to disable the Media Recognition System (see Choosing

Cartridges on page 6-7), switch 3 should be ON.

Note Shut down the operating system and power off the computer system before

removing or connecting any SCSI cables.

4 Connect the SCSI cable:

−

a Attach the SCSI cable to SCSI connector 1 on the rear of the autoloader.

b Snap both of the retaining clips over the cable connector to secure it firmly

in place.

c Connect the other end of the cable to the SCSI connector on your computer.

Installing Your Autoloader

Installation on Series 700, 800 and 900 Systems

5 Remove the SCSI terminator if necessary.

You only need to remove the terminator if the autoloader is situated in the

middle of the SCSI bus with some other device at the end. In this case, plug the

SCSI cable going to the next device into SCSI connector 2 on the back of the

autoloader.

6 Connect the power cord.

The autoloader will operate using any voltage in the range 100 to

240 volts. No adjustment is needed. To connect your autoloader

to the power supply, proceed as follows:

a Ensure that the power switch on the autoloader is off (set to 0).

b Attach the power cord to the connector on the rear of the autoloader.

c Plug the other end of the cord into a nearby power socket.

Note Make sure you power on the autoloader and other peripherals on the SCSI bus

before you power on the computer system, otherwise the computer system will

not see them.

On/of f switch

2-5

Installing Your Autoloader

Configuring Software on Series 700 and 800 (HSC only) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later

Configuring Drivers Using SAM

To select the correct driver, proceed as follows.

While in terminal version mode:

1 Run SAM. 2 Select Kernel Config. 3 Select Drivers. 4 Scroll to find schgr. 5 Check the current state:

n in = OK. The driver is correctly configured. n out = Modification is needed.

If the current state is out:

1 Go to menu bar Actions. 2 Select Add Drivers to Kernel. Press [Return].

The Pending State changes to in.

3 Scroll to find sctl. 4 Check the current state:

n in = OK. The driver is correctly configured, but you need to create a new

kernel. Go to Creating a New Kernel below.

n out = Modification is needed.

If the current state is out:

1 Go to menu bar Actions. 2 Select Add Drivers to Kernel. Press [Return].

The Pending State changes to in.

3 You now need to create a new kernel. Go to Creating a New Kernel below.

Creating a New Kernel

1 Go to menu bar Actions.

2-6

Installing Your Autoloader

Configuring Software on Series 700 and 800 (HSC only) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later

2 Select Create a New Kernel. Press [Return].

are you sure?

Select yes.

The message Creating kernel appears. The process takes one to two

minutes to complete.

3 You must move the new kernel you have just created into place before the

system is shut down or rebooted:

Select Move Kernel into Place.

Shut down or reboot the system and then select OK.

Creating Autoloader Changer Mechanism Device Files

1 Make sure the /dev/scsi directory exists:

mkdir /dev/scsi

2 Use ioscan to show the tape drive device files and provide the information

that you need to create the device files:

ioscan -fn

Class I H/W Path Driver S/W State H/W Type Description =========================================================================== : : : : : : : ext_bus 2 4/0/1 c720 CLAIMED INTERFACE EISA card HWP0C80 target 7 4/0/1.3 tgt CLAIMED DEVICE tape 6 4/0/1.3.0 stape CLAIMED DEVICE HP C1557A /dev/rmt/6m /dev/rmt/c2t3d0BEST /dev/rmt/6mb /dev/rmt/c2t3d0BESTb /dev/rmt/6mn /dev/rmt/c2t3d0BESTn /dev/rmt/6mnb /dev/rmt/c2t3d0BESTnb autoch 1 4/0/1.3.1 schgr CLAIMED DEVICE HP C1557A target 6 4/0/1.6 tgt CLAIMED DEVICE ctl 2 4/0/1.6.0 sct1 CLAIMED DEVICE Initiator : : : : : : :

Convert

to hex

These are the tape drive device files

Minor number format: 0x

3 Use mknod to create the device file:

mknod

This can be any name you

like, as long as it is unique.

IIT

L00 (0x

= 2-digit card instance number in hex (02)

= Target SCSI ID (3)

023

100 in this example)

L = Target SCSI LUN (always 1) 00 = Reserved (always 00)

/dev/scsi/C1557A00

De vice filename

C 203 0x

Italics indicate information that you need to supply

023

100

Minor Number

= SCSI card instance in hex

= Autoloader changer

mechanism ID

2-7

Installing Your Autoloader

Configuring Software on Series 700 and 800 (HSC only) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later

Verifying the Configuration

Changer Mechanism Verification

1 Compile the scsi_io test program:

cc /usr/contrib/src/scsi_io.c -o /usr/contrib/src/scsi_io

2 Run the scsi_io test program:

/usr/c ontrib/sr c/scs i_io /dev/SCSI /C15 57A00

3 You should expect to see the following displayed:

The t hing claims to b e: HP C1557A UL00 58

Drive Mechanism Verification

1 Place a cartridge in a magazine, insert the magazine into the autoloader and

load the cartridge into the drive mechanism using the front panel controls (see Loading a Magazine and Cartridges on page 3-5).

2 Test the installation by writing a file to tape and then reading it back again as

follows:

a Create a dummy file:

cp /hp-ux foo

Use the dd command to write to the tape:

dd if=fo o of=/dev/rmt/c2t3d0 BEST bs=64k

2-8

This device file came from

the previous ioscan output,

which shows all of the device

files for the tape drive.

c Use the dd command to read the file back:

rm foo dd if=/d ev/rmt/c2 t3d0BEST of=foo b s=64k

“

bs=64k

to 64 kilobytes. This yields much better performance than the default of 512 bytes.

” sets the block siz e

You

must

use the same block size when reading the file back.

Installing Your Autoloader

Configuring Software on Series 800 HP-PB (NIO) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later

Checking the Revision of the Tape Driver

1 Verify the tape driver revision is equal to or later than the original version

shown in the table that follows:

what /stand/vmunix | grep tape14.c

You should see something like this:

tape14.c $Date: 96/05/23 14:44:31 $ $Revision: 1.10.89.8 $ PATCH_10.10 (PHKL_7568)

Determine your HP-UX revision:

uname -r

For your HP-UX revision, determine the original revision of the tape driver from the table and verify that the revision of the tape driver on your system is equal to or later than the original revision.

If you have the original or later tape driver, continue with Configuring the Pass-Through Driver below.

n If you do not have the correct driver, go on to step 2 to install the patch.

2 Save old versions of the library and boot kernel:

cd /etc/conf/lib cp libhp-ux.a libhp-ux.aOLD cp /hp-ux /hp-uxOLD

3 Copy the patch into the /tmp directory. Change to the /tmp directory and

unshar the patch:

cd /tmp sh PHKL_8754

Note This example is for HP-UX 10.10. If you have HP-UX 10.01, use PHKL_8752 or

later. If you are using HP-UX 10.20, use PHKL_8756 or later.

4 Follow the instructions in the patch text file to install the patch. This patch will

cause the system to reboot.

HP-PB (NIO)

Tape Driver

HP-UX 10.01 1.8.71.21 PHKL_8869 PHKL_8752 HP-UX 10.10 1.10.89.8 PHKL_7568 PHKL_8754 HP-UX 10.20 1.15.98.4 PHKL_8118 PHKL_8756

Original

Revision

Original

Patch

Latest

Patch

5 After the system reboots, perform Step 1 again to verify the patch installation.

2-9

Installing Your Autoloader

Configuring Software on Series 800 HP-PB (NIO) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later

Configuring the Pass-Through Driver

Note These instructions are based on the HP-UX man page for scsi_pt (man 7

scsi_pt) and should only be used if you are installing the autoloader onto an

NIO SCSI interface card. Please refer to this man page if you need more details about any aspect of the pass-through driver installation.

1 Type ioscan -f

The output should look something like this:

Class I H/W Path Driver S/W State H/W Type Description =========================================================================== bc 0 root CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS lanmux 0 12 lanmux0 CLAIMED INTERFACE HP J2146A - 802.3 LAN lan 0 12.1 lan3 CLAIMED INTERFACE ext_bus 1 36 scsi1 CLAIMED INTERFACE HP 28655A - SE SCSI ID=7 target 17 36.0 target CLAIMED DEVICE tape 20 36.0.0 tape2 CLAIMED DEVICE HP C1537A unknown -1 36.0.1 UNCLAIMED UNKNOWN HP C1557A ext_bus 6 37 lpr2 UNCLAIMED UNKNOWN HP 28655A - Parallel Int tty 0 56 mux2 CLAIMED INTERFACE MUX processor 0 62 processor CLAIMED PROCESSOR Processor memory 0 63 memory CLAIMED MEMORY Memory

In the example above, the autoloader is shown as a drive mechanism (HP C1537A) at 36.0.0 and a changer mechanism (HP C1557A) at 36.0.1.

2 Go to the build area:

cd /stand/build

3 Create a system file from your existing kernel:

/usr/l bin/sysad m/sys tem_prep -s system

4 Check if the SCSI pass-through driver is already configured into your current

kernel:

grep spt system

5 If no spt line was printed, make the following two changes to the system file:

a Add a line to the SCSI drivers area (/stand/build/system):

spt

A driver statement is needed since the system cannot autoconfigure the SCSI pass-through driver. One statement is needed for the changer mechanism on each autoloader.

b Append the driver line or lines to the system file:

driver <path> spt

where <path> is the complete hardware path of the autoloader (from ioscan cmd).

2-10

Installing Your Autoloader

Configuring Software on Series 800 HP-PB (NIO) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later

For example, using the previous ioscan display with the HP C1557A changer mechanism connected to hardware path 36.0.1, the line would read:

driver 36.0.1 spt

6 Save the old system file:

mv /stand/system /stand/system.prev

7 Move the new system file to be the current one:

mv /stand/build/system /stand/system

8 Build a new kernel:

/usr/sbin/mk_kernel

9 Verify the pass-though driver has been built into the new kernel:

what ./vmunix_test | grep scsi_pt

A line similar to the following giving the revision information should be displayed:

scsi_pt.c Revision: 10.10 $Date: 95/07/18 14:38:27 $

10 Save the old kernel:

mv /stand/vmunix /stand/vmunix.prev

11 Move the new kernel to be the current one:

mv ./vmunix_test /stand/vmunix

12 Boot the system from the new kernel:

/usr/sbin/shutdown -r 0

13 When the system has rebooted, verify the peripheral configuration:

ioscan -f -C spt

The output should now include something like the following line:

Class I H/W Path Driver S/W State H/W Type Description =========================================================================== spt 0 36.1.1 spt CLAIMED DEVICE HP C1557A

2-11

Installing Your Autoloader

Configuring Software on Series 800 HP-PB (NIO) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later

Creating Autoloader Changer Mechanism Device Files

1 Make sure the /dev/scsi directory exists:

mkdir /dev/ scsi

2 Use ioscan to show the tape drive device files and provide the information

that you need to create the device files:

ioscan -fn

Class I H/W Path Driver S/W State H/W Type Description =========================================================================== : : : : : : : ext_bus 1 36 scsi1 CLAIMED INTERFACE HP 28655A - SE SCSI ID=7 ta rg et 1 4 36.1 targe t CLA IMED D EVICE tape 14 36.1.0 tape2 CLAIMED DEVICE HP C1537A /dev/diag/rmt/c1t1d0 /dev/rmt/c1t1d0BESTnb /dev/rmt/c1t1d0BEST /dev/rmt/c1t1d0DDS2 /dev/rmt/c1t1d0BEST1 /dev/rmt/c1t1d0DDS2b /dev/rmt/c1t1d0BESTb /dev/rmt/c1t1d0DDS2n /dev/rmt/c1t1d0BESTn /dev/rmt/c1t1d0DDS2n1 /dev/rmt/c1t1d0BESTn1 /dev/rmt/c1t1d0DDS2nb spt 0 36.1.1 spt CLAIMED DEVICE HP C1557A : : : : : : :

Convert

to hex

These are the tape drive device files

Minor number format: 0x

3 Use mksf to create the device file:

mksf -d spt -m 0x

= Autoloader changer mechanism ID

IIT

L00 (0x

= 2-digit card instance number in hex (01)

= Target SCSI ID (1)

011

100 in this example)

L = Target SCSI LUN (always 1) 00 = Reserved (always 00)

011

100

/dev/scsi/C1557A00

Minor Number

= SCSI card instance

Italics indicate information that you need to supply

Device filename

This can be any name you like, so long as it is unique.

2-12

Configuring Software on Series 800 HP-PB (NIO) Systems Running HP-UX 10.01 or Later