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User’s Guide

Commands and Procedures

HP AdvanceStack Routers

Hewlett-Packard Series 200, 400, and 600 Routers

User’ s Guide

This document contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated into another language without the prior written consent of HewlettPackard.

Publication Number 5962-8304 E0794

Edition 1, July 1994 Printed in Singapore

Product Numbers and Software Version

This guide provides information for Hewlett-Packard routers running software with the following version numbers:

A.08 series B.08 series C.08 series

Earlier and later software versions may operate differently than described in this manual.

Warranty

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice

HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished by Hewlett-Packard.

Hewlett-Packard 8000 Foothills Boulevard Roseville, California 95747-6588 916-786-8000

Commands and Procedures Guide

Preface

Why and When To Use This Guide

This guide describes how to use the Hewlett-Packard router commands and features to configure, monitor, and manage local and remote HP routers through the console interface and through SmartBoot.

Use this guide when you need help with the operations that begin after the router hardware has been installed and verified according to the instructions in the installat ion guide.

Coverage Note This manual addresses the entire range of commands and other soft-

ware features found in Hewlett-Packard routers, including features that are not found on all router models. Thus, for some routers, such as the HP Router PR (J2540), certain features described in this manual are not available in the router. For information on the features available in your router, refer to the release notes you received with the router or most recent software upgrade.

Preface

Audience

This guide is intended for network managers and other technicians who install and manage routers.

Note The network design and network map should be completed before using

this guide.

Commands and Procedures Guide

Preface

Organization

Chapter 1, ‘‘Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software’’, defines ‘‘initializing and verifying’’ a router, and introduces

you to the router console interface and the tools it offers for managing a router.

Chapter 2, ‘‘How To Use the Main Menu’’, describes how to access and operate the main menu.

Chapter 3, ‘‘How To Use Quick Configuration To Create or Change a Minimal Configuration’’, describes how to use this

time-saving utility to quickly create a functional configuration.

Chapter 4, ‘‘How To Use the Configuration Editor To Create or Change a Configuration’’, describes the tool to use for creating the

extensive configurations needed for many router applications.

Chapter 5, ‘‘How To Use the Event Log To Analyze Router Operation’’ describes how to access and interpret Event Log messages.

Chapter 6, ‘‘How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation’’ describes how to use the router statistics features.

Chapter 7, ‘‘How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router’’, describes how to use the Network

Control Language Interpreter (NCL) and the various NCL commands. This chapter includes the use of Telnet to manage or reconfigure a remote router.

Chapter 8, ‘‘How To Use Quick Remote To Configure a Remote Router’’, describes how to automatically configuring a remote router

from a central site via a WAN link. Appendix A: ‘‘Parameter Locator’’, is an aide to locating individual

parameters in the Configuration Editor structure.

Subject Index

Other HP Router Manuals

For a current listing of manuals designed for use with your Hewlett-Packard router, refer to the Hewlett-Packard Router Products Release Notes shipped with your router or most recent software update.

Contents

1. Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Initializing the Router Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Verifying the Router Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Overview of the Console Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Overview of Methods for Creating or Modifying a Configuration . . 1-8

Configuration Tools in the Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Interaction Between the Configuration Tools . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Network Management Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

2. How To Use the Main Menu

Introducing the Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

How To Access the Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Selecting an Option in the Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Getting Help in the Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

3. How To Use Quick Configuration To Create or Change a Minimal Configuration

Introducing Quick Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

How To Create a Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

How To Use the ‘‘Hotkeys’’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

The Numeric Hotkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13

The Alphabetical Hotkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

How To Configure for X.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Parameter List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

Saving vs. Saving and Rebooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

When To Use the Configuration Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29

Troubleshooting a Quick Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30

The HP Router 650: How To Update the Interface Module

Configuration After Removing or Replacing a Module . . . . . . 3-31

4. How To Use the Configuration Editor To Create or Change a Configuration

Introducing the Configuration Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

The Configuration Editor Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

How To Enter the Configuration Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

How To Exit From the Configuration Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

How To Operate the Configuration Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Configuration Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Moving From One Screen to Another . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Entering or Changing Parameter Values in Configuration Screens 4-14

5. How To Use the Event Log To Analyze Router Operation

Introducing the Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Entering and Navigating in the Event Log Display . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

6. How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation

Introducing the Statistics Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

How To Access the Statistics Screen Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

How To Manage the Statistics Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

7. How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router

Introducing NCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

How To Start NCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

How To Execute an NCL Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

More: Continuing the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

General NCL Command Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

How To Use Telnet To Establish a Virtual Terminal Connection to

a Remote Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Prerequisites for Telnet Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

How To Enable Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

How To Use Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Accessing the Management Information Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Slot Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Managed Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

Example of a Pathname to a Mib Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16

How To Use the List Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

How To Use the Get Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

Contents

How To Use the Reset Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

Accessing the Internet Management Information Base . . . . . . . . 7-22

Accessing a Remote Management Information Base . . . . . . . . . 7-23

Accessing a Foreign Management Information Base . . . . . . . . . 7-24

Accessing Bridging and Routing Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Managing the Open Shortest Path First Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . 7-27

Blocking and Unblocking Spanning T ree Explorer Frames . . . . . 7-28

Controlling IP-Mapped Circuits for V . 25 bis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-29

Using TFTP To Transfer Operating Code, Configuration, and NCL

Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-30

Using PC Modem Access to Transfer Configuration and NCL Display 7-32

How To Use Zput To Store the Configuration or NCL Command

Output to a PC Host File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-33

How To Use Zget To Load the Configuration to a Router . . . . . 7-36

8. How To Use Quick Remote To Configure A Remote Router

Introducing Quick Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

What Can Quick Remote Configure? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

Other Quick Remote Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

Set-Up Requirements for Quick Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4

Quick Remote Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

The Basic Steps to Setting Up Quick Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

The Quick Remote Screen: Features and Control . . . . . . . . . 8-7

How To Exit From Quick Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8

How To Create and Save a Quick Remote Configuration . . . . . . . 8-9

How to Delete a Quick Remote Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13

Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14

A. Notes On Configuring From a Bootp Server

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

Preparation Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

Index

Overview of Initializing and V erifying Router Software

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Note This chapter provides an overview of getting started with a router. For

actual operating instructions, refer to chapters 2 through 8.

After a router has been installed and the hardware verified as described in the installation guide, you are ready to use the console to initialize and verify the router’s software operation. This chapter provides an overview of these topics as well as an introduction to the console interface and the software tools for creating or modifying a configuration.

If you are new to Hewlett-Packard routers, this chapter can help you to become more familiar with the functions of the console interface before you actually begin to use it. If you are already familiar with HP

routers, you may want to bypass this chapter and use the following chapters in this guide as needed for reference.

Note In the case of a router that is automatically configured and subsequently

managed via Telnet from another location (such as configuration via Quick Remote from another Hewlett-Packard router), local operator intervention is usually unnecessary. In such cases, it may be unnecessary for a local operator to use the features described in this manual.

1-2

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Initializing the Router Software

When the router is installed with (or reset to) the factory default, it boots and begins operation with all networking ports configured for bridging. At this point you are ready to use the console interface to initialize the router. The following is an overview of the initializing process:

1. Configure for routing.

2. Boot the router.

3. Set the date and time (optional).

4. Set passwords (optional, but recommended for system access

security).

Configure for Routing

Configuring specifies the parameter values needed to conform router operation to the needs of your network. You can use Quick Configuration to create a minimal configuration or you can use the Configuration Editor to create a more extensive configuration.

Boot the Router

After you specify a configuration, you must implement it by ‘‘bootin g’’ the router. Booting replaces the former configuration parameters with the ones you have most recently saved, and restarts the router. Booting is a simple process that can be done either when you exit from the Quick Configuration screen or by executing the Boot command in the Network Command Language Interpreter (NCL).

Set the Date and Time

In the factory default configuration, the router starts its clock and calendar from a default setting. Setting the date and time ensures an accurate date and time display in the console screen and accurate dates and times in Event Log messages.

Overview

1-3

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Initializing the Router Software

Set Passwords

When your router is operating without pa sswords, anyone who has access to your router through either the directly connected console or Telnet can freely act as the router operator or manager. To discourage unauthorized access, it is recommended that you set two levels of passwords:

Manager password: Allows access to router management functions such as timesetting, changing the configuration, and rebooting.

User password: Allows monitoring only of statistics, the event log, MIB variables, and configuration values. It does not allow execution of router management functions such as rebooting .

1-4

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Verifying the Router Software

Verifying the router software means to evaluate the performance of the bridging and routing services that have been configured in the router to ensure that bridging and routing is operating properly. Verifying occurs after the router hardware has been installed and the software init ialized, and involves using the console to inspect router-generated data from the following sources:

Statistics screens Event log Bridging and routing tables Node accessability tests (ping, Atping)

The remainder of this chapter provides an overview of the console interface, which is the tool to use for initializing, verifying, and managing your router.

Overview

1-5

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Overview of the Console Interface

The console interface is your tool for configuring and booting the router, gathering data on router performance, and managing router operation. Access to the console interface is via the Main menu, which displays the router’s s oftware management features. (You can access a router’s console interface either by directly connecting your terminal to the router’s console port or by using Telnet --page 7-10-- or a modem connection.)

1-6

Figure 1-1. The Main Menu

Statistics Screen Menu: Provides ongoing data for analyzing circuit, bridge, routing service, and buffer usage. (Refer to chapter 6, ‘‘How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation’’.)

Network Control Language Interpreter: Referred to as ‘‘NCL’’, provides a command line to execute router management commands such as rebooting, password-setting, and access to bridging and routing tables. (Refer to chapter 7, ‘‘How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router’’.)

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Overview of the Console Interface

Configuration Editor: Used to create and modify extensive configurations. (Refer to the next section and to chapter 4, ‘‘How To Use the Configuration Editor To Create or Change a Configuration’’.)

Event Log: Displays event messages generated by the router. (Refer to chapter 5, ‘‘How To Use the Event Log To Analyze Router Operation’’.)

LOGOFF: Terminates a console session from a remote terminal. (Refer to ‘‘How To Disconnect Telnet Access to Another HP Router’’ on page 7-12.)

Quick Configuration: Used to create and modify minimal configurations. (Refer to the next section and to chapter 3, ‘‘How To Use Quick Configuration To Create or Change a Minimal Configuration’’.)

Quick Remote: Provides a tool for creating and holding minimal configurations for automatic downloading to remote HP routers over a WAN link. (Quick Remote does not affect the local router’s configuration.) Refer to chapter 8, ‘‘How To Use Quick Remote To Configure a Remote Router’’.

Overview

1-7

The configuration tools

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Overview of Methods for Creating or Modifying a Configuration

This section describes tools that you can use to access the configuration in any HP Series 200, 400, or 600 router, using either a direct console connection to the router or T elnet access over the network.

The ports on a router must be configured for routing before they can actually perform routing functions. Also, once a routing configuration has been implemented, it may need adjustments to achieve optimum performance. In these cases it is necessary to use the configuration tools to create or modify a configuration.

1-8

Figure 1-2. Methods for Configuring the Router

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Overview of Methods for Creating or Modifying a Configuration

Configuration Tools in the Main Menu

Quick Configuration: (Main Menu item number 6) queries you only for the configuration parameters most commonly required to get started. It provides help for each question and displays a table tracking your current settings, all on one screen. (If your network design requires that you customize parameters others than those in Quick Configuration, then you can use the full Configuration Editor.) T o use Quick Configuration, refer to chapter 3, ‘‘How To Use Quick Configuration To Create or Change a Minimal Configuration’’.

Configuration Editor: (Main Menu item number 3) uses a structured series of menus, screens, and prompts that lead logically through all the parameters you may customize for your HP router. The Configuration Editor gives you more flexibility and many more parameters than are available in Quick Configuration. Refer to chapter 4, ‘‘How To Use the Configuration Editor To Create or Change a Configuration’’.

Overview

Interaction Between the Configuration Tools

Quick Configuration accesses a group of parameters that forms a subset of the parameters accessed by the Configuration Editor.

That is, Quick Configuration and the Configuration Editor provide two different ways to access the same router configuration. Thus, if you change a parameter value such as an IP address in Quick Configuration, then reboot the router, the new IP address will automatically map to the Configuration Editor as well. Similarly, if you change any parameters in the Configuration Editor that are also accessed from Quick Configuration, then reboot the router, the changes will automatically map to Quick Configuration.

1-9

Overview of Initializing and Verifying Router Software

Network Management Tools

Network management tools provide another method of monitoring and configuring a router that is already installed in a network. For information on how to access and manage a router using a network management tool, refer to the documentation you received with your network management software.

1-10

How To Use the Main Menu

Introducing the Main Menu

The Main Menu is the highest level in the console interface, and provides operator access to the router. It lists each of the router’s main user interface features, and includes Help information on each of these features.

2-2

Main Menu

How To Use the Main Menu

How To Access the Main Menu

How to connect a console to your router is described in the installation guide for your router. The console is then used to verify that the router hardware is operating properly.

Once the terminal or terminal emulation is switched on, connected, and configured correctly and the router is plugged in and passes its self-test, you are ready to proceed.

Note If you use a personal computer for a console, press the [Enter] key when-

ever this manual tells you to press the [Return] key.

If a line of text (such as Waiting for speed sense) appears, press [Return]. (You may have to pause and repeat [Return] two or three times to get a response.) Pressing [Return] allows the router to sense the speed of your terminal and respond accordingly. As soon as the router senses and matches the terminal’s speed, the baud rate is displayed at the correct speed. You will then see one of the following screens:

Figure 2-1. The Main Menu

Figure 2-2. Copyright and Password

Note If your console is already displaying a screenful of other text, the ‘‘speed

sense’’ text mentioned above may appear anywhere on the screen. When you see that a new line of text has appeared (garbled or not), press [Return].

2-3

How To Use the Main Menu

How To Access the Main Menu

If the Copyright and Password screen (figure 2-2) appears first, then a password has been set. Type in the password and press [Return] again to display the Main menu. If you need to clear (remove) a password, refer to the installation guide you received with your router.

If the Main menu (figure 2-1) appears first, then a password is not required.

The items listed in the Main menu include the following:

Statistics Screen menu Network Control Language Interpreter (NCL) Configuration Editor Event Log Logout Quick Configuration Quick Remote (on most router models)

2-4

Figure 2-3. The Main Menu

Main Menu

How To Use the Main Menu

Selecting an Option in the Main Menu

To select (start) a Main menu option, press the number of that option. For example, to display the Network Control Language Interpreter (NCL), press [2].

NCL Prompt

Figure 2-4. Pressing [2] in the Main Menu Displays the NCL Prompt

To exit from NCL, type exit and press [Return].

2-5

How To Use the Main Menu

Getting Help in the Main Menu

To display Help for an item listed in the Main Menu, use the [^] or [v] key to move the pointer to the item for which you want Help, then press [Shift] [?]. For example, to display Help for NCL:

1. Move the pointer to item 2, ‘‘Network Control Language Interpreter’’

in the Main Menu:

2-6

Figure 2-5. Move the Pointer to Item 2

2. Press [Shift] [?] to display the Help information.

Main Menu

Figure 2-6.The NCL Help Display

How To Use the Main Menu

Getting Help in the Main Menu

Press [<] (or any character key) to exit from Help and return to the Main menu.

This completes the instructions on how to access the console interface and use the Main menu. The remainder of this manual describes how to operate the individual features listed in the Main menu.

2-7

How To Use Quick Configuration To Create or Change a Minimal Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

Introducing Quick Configuration

This chapter describes how to use the Quick Configuration utility to create a minimal configuration for IP, IPX, AppleTalk, and DECnet routing services. You can also use Quick Configuration to disable or enable bridging on each port of your router.

Why Use Quick Configuration? Your HP router provides two methods for configuring the router through the console port:

The Quick Configuration utility — the short path to basic configurations

The Configuration Editor — the detailed path t o f u lly customized configurations (described in chapter 4)

Quick Configuration provides the following:

A single-screen “worksheet” approach for basic configurations—you can combine several steps into one for a configuration process that is faster and easier than using the more detailed and extensive Configuration Editor.

Access to a minimal set of IP, IPX, AppleTalk, and DECnet parameters, plus options for bridging and IP host-only operation.

Access to X.25 (available on most HP routers) and other selected branches of the Configuration Editor, or to the entire Configuration Editor—you can use the ‘‘hotkeys’’ to choose either, without having to exit from Quick Configuration.

Optional rebooting upon exit from Quick Conf iguration—when you’ve finished configuring, you can choose to reboot when you exit from Quick Configuration. This mak es it faster and easier to get your router up and running after you’ve made configuration changes.

Note Quick Configuration affects a small subset of the overall parameter set

accessed through the Configuration Editor. For more on this topic, refer to ‘‘Interacting With the Configuration Editor’’ on page 3-29.

3-2

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

Introducing Quick Configuration

What are the basic steps to configuring a router?

The basic steps to configuring the router for minimal operation are:

1. Determine from your network map the minimal parameter values

you need.

2. Start Quick Configuration.

3. Enter the parameter values that you determined in step 1.

4. Exit from Quick Configuration with the reboot option selected.

5. After the router finishes rebooting, verify proper operation.

Note Because of port differences and routing service differences, the Quick

Configuration screen differs among the various HP routers. Examples of Quick Configuration use are the following screens for an HP Router SR and an HP Router 650:

3-3

Dynamic help

display

Data entry field show-

Slot numbers

identifying the

slots in which

the ports are in-

stalled

Sample IP

configurations

ing an entry in pro-

gress for the IP

address of the WAN- 2

How To Use Quick Configuration

Introducing Quick Configuration

Sample IP

configurations

Figure 3-1. Quick Configuration Example (HP Router SR)

Figure 3-2.Quick Configuration Example (HP Router 650)

3-4

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

Introducing Quick Configuration

Quick Configuration also offers these other features:

Displays dynamic online help for each field Automatically configures default lines, circuits, and circuit groups Displays error messages for some error types, such as subnet masking errors Lets you view (and change) what has been configured earlier Provides ‘‘hotkeys’’ for display control and direct access to the Configuration Editor Detects removal of a interface module and enables you to easily update the interface module configuration to reflect the change Detects replacement of one type of interface module with another and enables you to eliminate the resulting configuration conflict

3-5

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Create a Configuration

To create a new configuration:

1. Start the Quick Configuration utility.

2. Enter a minimal set of configuration values.

3. Save the new configuration and reboot the router. This section tells you how to do the above, as well as how to exit from

Quick Configuration when you don’t want to change the current configuration.

To start the Quick Configuration utility and enter a minimal configuration:

1. Plan the Quick Configuration parameters you will need.

2. Start the router (described in chapter 1 of the Installation Guide)

and display the Main menu.

Quick Configuration

option

3-6

Figure 3-3. The Main Menu

Data entry field

Quick

Configuration

Cursor positioned at

System name field

Ports

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Create a Configuration

3. Start a Quick Configuration session. (Press [6].)

When the ‘‘Welcome...’’ screen appears, press [Return]. The console then displays the Quick Configuration screen. The ports shown will correspond to the router model you are configuring.

Figure 3-4. Example of a Quick Configuration Screen

There are nine fields for each port configuration:

Brg

DoD IP

Enab

Address

These fields appear in the initial Quick Configuration Screen

DoD IP Subnet

Mask

IPX

Network

Port

Conf

WAN Port

Parameters

AppleTalk Net

Range

AppleTalk Zone

Name

DECnet

area.node

Use [>] to scroll to these fields or wrap to the first column, and [<] to scroll back to the left or to wrap to the last column

3-7

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Create a Configuration

4. Type the system name and press [Return]. The new system name then

appears in the ‘‘System name’’ field and the cursor moves to the next field.

• If you don’t want to change the data in th e selected field, just press [Return] to move to the next field.

• If you want to skip over several fields, you can do so by using the cursor keys ([^], [v], [<], and [>]) or [Tab] to select the next field you want.

Also, pressing [<] when the cursor is in the first (‘‘Brg Enab’’) column ‘‘wraps’’ the cursor to the last (‘‘DECnet area.node’’) column in the preceeding row . Similarly, pressing [>] when the cursor is in the last (‘‘DECnet area.node’’) column ‘‘wraps’’ the cursor to the first (‘‘Brg Enab’’) column in the following row.

3-8

Figure 3-5. Use the [>] Key To Scroll the Display to Additional Parameters

5. Type the data for the next parameter, then press [Return] again. Repeat this step until you have entered data fo r all needed fields.

The

Quick

Configuration

‘‘save

and exit’’

prompt

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Create a Configuration

How to exit from Quick Configuration and reboot the router:

Use this procedure if you want to save and implement any configuration changes that you have made in the current Quick Configuration session.

1. Press the [Ctrl] [C] key combination and then type y to exit from the Quick Configuration utility. You will then see the “save and exit” prompt:

Figure 3-6.Example of ‘‘Save and Exit’’ Prompt

Note If the cursor is located in the rightmost (DECnet area.node) cell of the

last port listed in the Quick Configuration screen, you can exit and display the ‘‘Save and Exit’’ prompt by just pressing [Return].

3-9

The

reboot

prompt

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Create a Configuration

2. Type y and press [Return]. You will then see the reboot prompt:

Figure 3-7.The Reboot Prompt

3. Type y again and press [Return] to reboot the router. While the router is rebooting, the console displays

REBOOTING THE SYSTEM

When you see the message

Waiting for speed sense

the router has finished rebooting. Any configuration changes you made prior to exiting and rebooting will be implemented in the router configuration.

Note If you are configuring a remote router via Telnet or a modem, the link

will be interrupted by the reboot, and the ‘‘Waiting for speed sense’’ message will not appear. In this case, you will have to re-establish the remote connection to return to the remote router’s Main menu.

3-10

The

Quick

Configuration

‘‘make

changes’’

prompt

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Create a Configuration

4. Press [Return] to return to the Main menu. (If a password has been previously set, you will see the Copyright and Password screen--page 23, with the password prompt. In this case, type the password and press [Return] again to return to the Main menu.)

How to exit from Quick Configuration without saving changes:

Use this procedure if you want to exit from Quick Configuration without saving any changes you have made during the current Quick Configuration session.

1. Press the [Ctrl] [C] key combination to exit from the Quick Configuration utility. You will then see the “save and exit” prompt (figure 3-6 on page 3-9).

2. Type n and then press [Return]. You will then see the ‘‘make changes’’ prompt:

Figure 3-8.The ‘‘Make Changes’’ Prompt

3. Type n again and press [Return]. The router exits from Quick Configura- tion and displays the Main menu (page 3-6).

3-11

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Use the ‘‘Hotkeys’’

The ‘‘hotkeys’’ give you additional configuration editing controls, and are in two groups:

Display control keys (numeric; 1 through 5)

Configuration Editor1 access keys (alphabetical; Y, N, etc.) To display the hotkey menu: Type the forward slash (/). For example, if you start Quick Configuration, display the Quick

Configuration screen and then type /, you will see a set of hotkey options similar to the following:

Example of

hotkey

options

Figure 3-9. Example of Hotkey Display

Note You can display the hotkey menu from any cursor position in the Quick

Configuration screen except in cases where you have already begun to type a multiple-keystroke value, such as an IP address or subnet mask.

For more information on the Configuration Editor itself, refer to chapter 4, ‘‘How To Use

the Configuration Editor To Create or Change a Configuration’’.

3-12

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Use the ‘‘Hotkeys’’

The Numeric Hotkeys

These keys are the same for every cursor position in Quick Configuration. They let you control display features or exit from Quick Configuration.

1 Done configuring Typing [1] displays the ‘‘save and exit’’

prompt (page 3-9), allowing you to exit from Quick Configuration. (Operation is the

same as that for the [Ctrl] [C] key combination—step 1 on page 3-11.)

2 Display help message When the Help display has previously

been disabled, typing 2 displays the Help message for the currently highlighted field.

3 Redraw screen Typing 3 redraws the current Quick

Configuration screen.

4 Edit current value Typing 4 lets you change one or more

characters in a parameter value without having to retype the entire value.

5 Disable help messages Enable help messages

Typing [5] when Help messaging is enabled turns off Help messaging for all fields. Typing 5 when Help messaging is disabled turns on Help messaging for all fields.

3-13

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Use the ‘‘Hotkeys’’

The Alphabetical Hotkeys

These keys vary, depending on which parameter in the Quick Configuration screen is currently selected. They either change the setting of the currently highlighted parameter or take you to the indicated screen in the Configuration Editor, where you can configure parameters that are not available in the basic Quick Configuration screen. In most cases (except for certain X.25 parameters on HP

routers that have the X.25 service), you won’t need these keys unless you must access parameters that are not displayed in Quick Configuration.

For example, if you type / while the cursor is on the ‘‘System name’’ field in the Quick Configuration screen, you will see the following display.

3-14

‘‘E’’ option

Figure 3-10. The Hotkey Menu

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Use the ‘‘Hotkeys’’

If you then type E (for ‘‘Edit other system parms’’), you will then see the Configuration Editor screen associated w it h the ‘‘System name’’ parameter:

Figure 3-11. Example of Using ‘‘Edit Other...’’ Hotkey

From this screen you can access any lower-level system parameter screen in the ‘‘system’’ branch of the Configuration Editor. Similarly, typing / M in figure 3-10 (for ‘‘Main configuration menu’’) takes you to the main configuration menu screen (figure 3-3 on page 3-6).

3-15

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Use the ‘‘Hotkeys’’

Figure 3-12. Example of using ‘‘Main...’’ Hotkey

Since the Main Configuration menu is at the ‘‘top’’ of the Configuration Editor screen hierarchy, you can access any level of any branch of the Configuration Editor from this screen.

Returning From the Configuration Editor to Quick Configuration. Pressing [Return] to exit from the screen at which you entered the Configuration Editor returns you to Quick Configuration. (That is, press [Return] as many times as is needed to go through all displayed fields, return to your entry point into the Configuration Editor, and, from there, to exit.)

For Further Examples. The next section, ‘‘How To Configure for X.25’’, includes examples of how to use the alphabetical hot keys to access Configuration Editor screens wit hout exiting from Quick Configuration.

3-16

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

The X.25 routing service is available on most HP routers. In the factory default, most of the X.25 parameters are set to default values that may be acceptable for your application. For a minima l X.25 configuration, you will need to enter one of the following sets of values:

DDN PDN X.25 Point-to-Point

Default settings are provided

None

for all values needed for

minimal configuration

*You can specify only one PTOP circuit in Quick Configuration. If you want to specify additional circuits,

you must use the Configuration Editor (which you can access from Quick Configuration by using the [M] Hotkey combination).

X.121 address of the local

port

IP address and X.121 address

of each remote port

X.121 address of the local

X.121 address of the remote

The connection ID for the

(PTOP)*

port

remote port

Note: The Configuration Editor provides appropriate default circuit names and

circuit group names.

For descriptions of specific X.25 parameters, refer to the Operator’s Reference.

[/]

3-17

Configured

WAN Port

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

To Configure Minimal X.25 service:

1. Configure the desired WAN port in the Quick Configuration screen.

For example, WAN port 1 in the next figure is configured as follows:

• Bridge enabled: Yes

• IP address: 150.150.56.2

• IP subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

(‘‘Port conf’’ and ‘‘WAN Port Parameters’’ are set to their default values.)

3-18

Figure 3-13. Example of Configured WAN Port

Circuit Type

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

2. Type lapb in the ‘‘Port Conf’’ field and press [Return].) The circuit

type then changes to PTOP (Point-to-Point).

Link Type

Figure 3-14. Specify LAPB as the Link Type

3-19

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

3. Specify the X.25 circuit type—DDN, PDN, or PTOP (the default). (If

you don’t want PTOP, type ddn or pdn for the type of X.25 circuit, then press [Return].)

• If you specified DDN for the circuit type, no more parameters are needed for the default configuration. Go to step 4 on page 3-22.

• If you specified PDN, you will need to enter the local DTE address, the IP address, and the X.121 address, as follows:

Note Use the [Return] key to bypass fields that already contain default values.

– Local DTE address for PDN: Type / l (the [/] and [L]

keys), enter the X.121 address of the local port at ‘‘Local DTE Address’’, and press [Return] as many times as needed to return to Quick Configuration. (Refer to figure 3-15 on page 3-21.)

– IP address and X.121 address for PDN: Type / r, enter

the IP address and X.121 address of the remote port, and press the [Return] key as many times as needed to return to the Quick Configuration screen. (Refer to figure 3-16 on page 3-21.)

• If you specified PTOP, you will need to enter the local DTE address, the remote DTE address, and the connection ID, as follows:

– Local DTE address: Type / l (the [/] and [L] keys), enter

the X.121 address of the local port (at ‘‘Local DTE Address’’), and press [Return] as many times as needed to return to the Quick Configuration screen. (Refer to figure 3-17 on page 3-22.)

– Remote DTE address and Connection ID: Type / r,

enter the X.121 address (at ‘‘Remote DTE Addr’’) and the Connection ID of the remote port, then use [Return] to return to the Quick Configuration screen. (Refer to figure 3-18 on page 3-22.)

Note If you want to add more connection IDs, type / l instea d of / r. Then

use [Return] to step past Local DTE Address. When you see ‘‘1. X.25 Virtual Circuits’’, type 1 and press [Return], then select the ‘‘Add’’ op- tion. For more on how to use the Configuration Editor, refer to chapter 4.

3-20

Local DTE (X.121) address

Remote X.121

address for

PDN

Quick

Configuration

Figure 3-15. Local X.121 Address for PDN

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

IP address

Figure 3-16. Remote IP and X.121 Addresses for PDN

3-21

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

X.121 address for PTOP

Figure 3-17. Local X.121 Address for Point-to-Point

3-22

Remote Connection ID

Remote DTE (X.121) Address

Figure 3-18.Remote X.121 and Connection ID

4. Press the [Ctrl][C] key combination to display the ‘‘save and exit’’ prompt:

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

Save configuration and exit Quick Configuration

(y/n?)

5. Type y and press [Return] to display the ‘‘reboot’’ prompt

Reboot now (y/n?)

6. Type y (for ‘‘yes’’) and press [Return]. While the router is rebooting, the console displays

REBOOTING THE SYSTEM

When you see the message

Waiting for speed sense

the router has finished rebooting. Any configuration changes you made prior to exiting and rebooting will be implemented in the router configuration.

7. Press [Return] to return to the Main menu.

To configure additional (non-minimal) X.25 parameters:

As you may have noticed in the procedure to configure for minimal X.25 operation (page 3-18), the ‘‘l’’ and ‘‘r’’ hotkeys give you access to several parameters other than those needed for minimal X.25 operation. Also, there are other hot keys that give you access to additional parameters that you may want to view and change. Thus, af ter you specify X.25 service and the circuit type (DDN, PDN, or PTOP), you can use the hotkeys to access, view, and change the current settings of all X.25 (or other) parameters if you find it necessary to do so.

1. Highlight the X.25 circuit type for the desired port. For example:

3-23

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

X.25 circuit type

Figure 3-19. Highlight the X.25 Circuit Type

3-24

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

2. Type / . You will then see the hotkey menu. For example, with an X.25 circuit type of PDN, you will see the following menu:

Figure 3-20. Hotkey Assignments

The ‘‘L’’ and ‘‘R’’ options access parameters you need to provide for minimal X.25 operation (described in the procedure to configure for minimal X.25 operation—page 3-18). The remaining options (listed below) give you access to default parameters you can change as required for non-minimal X.25 (and other) configurations:

• E Edit virtual circuit parms (DDN only)

• X Edit other X.25 parms

• C Edit circuit parms

• M Main configuration menu

3. Type the letter for the option you want. You will then see the corresponding Configuration Editor screen. After you have entered your changes, press [Return] as many times as necessary to return to the Quick Configuration screen.

4. Press the [Ctrl] [C] key combination to display the ‘ ‘save and exit’’ prompt:

Save configuration and exit Quick Configuration

(y/n?)

3-25

How To Use Quick Configuration

How To Configure for X.25

5. Type y and press [Return] to display the ‘‘Reboot now (y/n)?’’ prompt

Reboot now (y/n?)

6. Type y (for ‘‘yes’’) and press [Return]. While the router is rebooting, the console displays

REBOOTING THE SYSTEM

When you see the message

Waiting for speed sense

the router has finished rebooting. Any configuration changes you made prior to exiting and rebooting will be implemented in the router configuration.

7. Press [Return] twice to return to the Main menu.

3-26

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

Parameter List

Quick Configuration is set to the following default parameter values at the factory and whenever you use the Reset/Clear button combination to clear the router. (For more on clearing the router, refer to the installation guide.)

Parameter Default

System name IP host-only SNMP enabled TELNET enabled Brg Enab DoD IP Address DoD IP Subnet Mask IPX Network Port Conf

Ring interface (token ring) Link type (WAN) Bridge type (FDDI)

WAN Port Parameters

Quality of service (WAN) Point-to-Point address (WAN)

AppleTalk Net Range AppleTalk Zone Name DECnet area.node

Note that when you start the Quick Configuration utility, the cursor is always set to the ‘‘System name’’ field. (The default system name is DEFAULT_CONFIG.) Also, the Help messages are active unless you have previously used the / 5 hotkey combination to turn them off.

DEFAULT_CONFIG NO (leaves router in router/host mode) NO NO YES (enables bridging on indicated port) — — — (IPX network number)

16 HP (Hewlett-Packard) TR (Translating)

AUTO

— — —

3-27

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

Data Entry

When you move the cursor from one field to another, the data entry field changes to prompt you for the new data. When you type the new data, it appears in the data entry field, but does not appear in the corresponding field until you press [Return].

Saving vs. Saving and Rebooting

‘‘Saving’’ a new configuration holds that configuration in memory and displays the new settings in the Quick Configuration display (and in the Configuration Editor displays). However, because the router always uses the configuration with which it was last booted, the new configuration does not replace the previous configuration until you reboot the router. Thus:

1. If you save a configuration (by typing y at the ‘‘save and exit’’ prompt—page 3-9). . .

3-28

2. . . . but then choose not to reboot the router (by typing n at the

‘‘Reboot now (y/n)?’’ prompt—page 3-10)

Then the configuration changes are saved in memory, but are not implemented in the current configuration, unless you subsequently reboot the router in one of the following ways:

Re-enter the Quick Configuration utility, then exit as described under ‘‘To exit from the Quick Configuration utility and reboot the router’’ on page 3-9.

Use the Network Control Language Interpreter (NCL) Boot command.

Press the Reset button on the back of the router. Cycle the power.

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

When To Use the Configuration Editor

Hewlett-Packard recommends that in most configuring situations you use Quick Configuration first. Then, if necessary, use the Configuration Editor to enter any additional configuration changes needed to optimize the router for more efficient operation or to customize it for complex routing situations. For example, you will need to use th e Con figuration Editor for parameters in the following areas:

OSPF V.25 bis XNS filters static routes adjacent hosts timers the internal clock (for WANs)

You can enter the Configuration Editor from the Main menu (page 3-6). But if you are already in Quick Configuration, you can save time by using the / m hotkey combination to enter the Configuration Editor, then reboot as you exit from Quick Configuration.

Interacting with the Configuration Editor. The Quick Configuration utility is a fast way to access a small subset of the complete parameter set you can access by using the Configuration Editor. Thus, you can use the Quick Configuration utility any time you want to add to or change the parameter settings it covers. (To simply display the contents of Quick Configuration, you can use the NCL Summary command —page 7-9.) When you change parameter values in Quick Configuration and then reboot the router, these changes overwrite any earlier configuring of the same values by the Configuration Editor. Similarly, when you change parameter values in the Configuration Editor that affect the parameter set accessed by Quick Configuration, and then reboot the router, these changes will overwrite any earlier configuring of the same values by Quick Configuration.

3-29

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

Troubleshooting a Quick Configuration

If the router fails to operate in your network after you have used the Quick Configuration utility, there are several areas to investigate for the source of the problem:

Check the Quick Configuration display for errors or omissions in the data that you provided.

Ensure that your network design allows for any Quick Configuratio n default settings that may remain after you entered your parameter values.

Ensure that you save the configuration and then reboot (page 3-9). Ensure that all cable connections are firm and are routed properly. Check the LEDs on all connected routers to ensure that all ports are

operating properly. Use the NCL Ping command to send an ICMP echo request message

to each IP address connected to your router. (Refer to the ‘‘NCL Command Summary’’ on page 7-7 or to the Operator’s Reference.)

Determine whether there is any need for additional configuring, as indicated by unique or advanced configuration features used in the network(s) to which your router is connected . (Refer to ‘‘When To Use the Configuration Editor’’ on page 3-29.)

Check the event log to ensure that configured services (such as IP) have started and are running properly. (Refer to the operator’s guide for your router.)

Check the statistics screens you can access from the Main menu for signs of impeded or failing operation.

Check your current configuration against the configurations of adjacent routers to detect any settings that require reciprocal values (such as DTE and DCE for WAN ports). Also check for any simple configuration errors such as duplicate or incorrect IP addresses, or incorrect subnet masks. (Create a list of interdependent values in the other router(s) that dictate related or reciprocal set tings in your router.)

The installation and operator’s guides for your router provide additional help for investigating and analyzing router operation and failures.

3-30

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

The HP Router 650: How To Update the Interface Module Configuration After Removing or Replacing a Module

Interface modules in an HP 650 router can be inserted, removed, or replaced while the router is operating. However, when one of these actions results in either no replacement for a removed module or replacement with a module having a different set of ports, then the software configuration will not match the current hardware configuration. This subsection describes how Quick Configuration operates in these conditions and how to use Quick Configuration to update the interface module configuration after removing or replacing a module.

Note Quick Configuration reacts to a change in interface modules only when

the change takes place before you start Quick Configuration. That is, if a module change occurs while Quick Configuration is in use, the effects of the change will not appear in Quick Configuration until yo u exit from Quick Configuration and then restart it.

Rebooting the router causes the router to re-initialize itself by using the most recently saved configuration. Thus, after removing or replacing a interface module, rebooting the router does not update the interface module configuration unless you have also used Quick Configuration (or the Configuration Editor) to update and save the router’s configuration.

3-31

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

Removing a Previously Configured Interface Module

Removing a previously configured interface module and subsequently starting Quick Configuration results in a modified display that indicates which port configurations are no longer valid. For example, the following screen illustrates an HP Router 650 with one WAN interface module and one Ethernet interface module installed and configured as shown:

Installed Interface Module Configuration

Four-Port Synchronous WAN Module WAN ports 1 and 2 configured Four-Port Ethernet Module Ethernet ports 1 and 2 configured

3-32

Figure 3-21. Two Interface Modules Installed and Configured

Highlighted port labels

Quick

Configuration

indicate previously configured ports on a interface module that

has been removed

from the router

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

If the Ethernet interface module is removed and Quick Configuration is subsequently restarted, the labels for the ports on the removed module will be highlighted to indicate that they are still configured in the router, even though they are no longer installed.

Figure 3-22. Identifying Nonexistent Ports in the HP Router 650 Configuration

You can then do one of the following:

Delete the non-existent ports from the configuration. This is the recommended action if you will not be installing another interface module in the same slot as the module you just removed. (Refer to ‘‘To use Quick Configuration to delete the non-existent ports from the configuration’’ on the next page.)

Edit the configuration (including the parameters for the removed interface module), then reboot the router. You would do this if you wanted to install a new interface module in the slot from which have just removed the original interface module. To edit the configuration, refer to the earlier sections of this chapter.

3-33

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

To Use Quick Configuration To Delete the Non-Existent Ports from the Configuration:

1. Move the cursor to any row occupied by one of these ports. The Help window will then display the messages indicated below:

Cursor positioned in any configured row for

which the interface module has been removed

Help message indicating

port configurations for

which there is no hardware

present

3-34

Figure 3-23. Removed Ports for which a Configuration Exists

2. Press the [Ctrl] [D] key combination to delete the configuration for the nonexistent interface module. You will then be prompted with the message

Are you sure you want to delete the old configurations for this empty slot?

3. Type y and press [Return] to delete the configuration for the empty slot.

Notice that the highlighted port labels for th e deleted ports will remain in the Quick Configuration screen until you save the new configuration and exit from the Quick Configuration u t ility (described in the following steps).

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

4. Reboot the router by doing the following:

5. Press the [Ctrl] [C] key combination.

6. When you see the ‘‘save and exit’’ prompt:

Save configuration and exit Quick Configuration (y/n)?

7. type y and press [Return].

8. When you see the reboot prompt:

Reboot now (y/n)?

9. Type y again and press [Return] to reboot the router.

10. While the router is rebooting, the console displays

REBOOTING THE SYSTEM

11. When you see the message

Operating Notes

Waiting for speed sense

12. the router has finished rebooting. Any configuration changes you made prior to exiting and rebooting will be iimplemented in the router configuration.

3-35

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

Replacing One Type of Interface Module with Another Type

Replacing a previously configured interface module with another module having a different set of ports, and subsequently starting Quick Configuration results in a ‘‘Configuration Conflict Alert’’. For example, the following screen illustrates an HP Router 650 with one configured WAN interface module.

3-36

Figure 3-24. One WAN Interface Module Installed and Configured

Moving the WAN interface module indicated above to slot 4 and installing an Ethernet interface module in its place (slot 2) creates a configuration conflict. If Quick Configuration is subsequently started, a warning screen similar to the one shown in figure 3-25 appears.

Figure 3-25. The "Configuration Conflict" Screen

Quick

Configuration

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

Indicates slot(s) in which a

configuration conflict exists

1. In the above case: a. If you don’t want to continue in Quick Configuration, type n and

press [Return] to return to the Main Menu.

Note If you type n and return to the Main menu, the configuration conflict

remains in the router and the above screen will re-appear the next time you start Quick Configuration.

b. If you want to eliminate the conflict and continue with Quick

Configuration, type y and press [Return].

You will then see the following prompt:

Are you sure you want to delete all conflicting configurations (y/n)?

2. Type y and press [Return] again to confirm conflict deletion and to start Quick Configuration.

3-37

How To Use Quick Configuration

Operating Notes

3. Continuing from the above example, the Quick Configuration screen would show the WAN interface module moved to slot 4 and the Ethernet interface module installed in slot 2.

Figure 3-26. Quick Configuration Showing Unconfigured Interface Modules

Neither module is configured because:

– The WAN interface module configuration that was in slot 2

was in conflict with the Ethernet interface module and was therefore deleted (step 1b), leaving slot 2 without any interface module configuration.

– Slot 4 had no interface module configuration, and was there-

fore unaffected by moving the WAN interface module to that slot.

4. In this example, to resume routing operations, it is necessary to configure one or more ports on either module and reboot the router.

3-38

How To Use the Configuration Editor To Create or Change a Configuration

How To Use the Configuration Editor

Introducing the Configuration Editor

The Configuration Editor accesses a hierarchy of menus and screens that include any parameters you need for customizing the router beyond the ‘‘getting started’’, or factory default level. Using this edit or, you can customize all parameters needed to integrate the router into your system (including the subset of parameters you can access through Quick Configuration).

Generally, when you first create a configuration, it is easiest to begin by using Quick Configuration to establish a minimal version of the configuration to use in establishing functioning network connections. However, when you are ready to use parameters that are not available in the Quick Configuration screen, it is time to move on to the Configuration Editor. You can do so either by starting the Configuration Editor from the Main Menu or starting it from within Quick Configuration by using the hotkeys. (Refer to ‘‘How To Use the Hotkeys’’ on page 3-12.)

4-2

You can use the Configuration Editor to create a configuration in a router through either a directly connected terminal or a terminal connected to the router via Telnet. (For information on Telnet, refer to ‘‘Telnet: How To Establish a Virtual Terminal Connection to a Remote Node’’ on page 7-10.) You can also move an existing configuration between routers or between a router and a host on the network. (Refer to ‘‘Using TFTP To Transfer Operating Code, Configuration, and NCL Display’’ on page 7-30, and ‘‘Using PC Modem Access T o Transfer Configuration and NCL Display on page 7–32.)

How To Use the Configuration Editor

The Configuration Editor Process

The configuration process consists of four major steps, described below.

Step 1: Define Global and Session Parameters Global parameters specify which routing service applications are enabled on your router, and also define local and remote session modes. The specific session parameters specify the interface between the router and various I/O devices—console, modem, and Telnet—for the session modes. The ‘‘System’’ and ‘‘Software’’ items access these parameters.

Step 2: Establish Communication Channels Communication channels define both the physical and logical connections between the router and various network devices. The ‘‘Lines’’ item accesses the physical connection parameters for each router interface (port). The ‘‘Circuits’’, ‘‘Circuit Groups’’, and ‘‘V.25 bis Network Mapping’’ items access circuit-related parameters for individual ports. The circuit and circuit group parameters are regularly used in all routing configurations. V.25 bis network mapping is used only when V.25 bis circuits form part of a network.

Configuration

Editor

Step 3: Customize Protocol Application Modules The protocols

require network-specific data in order to provide bridging, routing, and/or network-management services. The remaining items in the Configuration Menu access these paramete rs. You need to use only those items that correspond to the routing service modules you enable in step 1, above (under the ‘‘Software’’ item).

Step 4: Implement the Configuration After you customize the protocol applications, complete the configuration process by (1) saving the configuration and then (2) implementing it by rebooting the router.

For further configuration information, refer to:

For tutorial information on the use and operation of the various routing services, refer to HP Routing Services and Applications

For descriptions of the individual parameters used in the Configuration Edito r, refer to the Operator’s Reference.

For a guide to finding parameters in the Configuration Editor, refer to the ‘‘Parameter Locator’’ in the appendix to the Operator’s Reference.

4-3

To enter from the

Main Menu, type 3

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Enter the Configuration Editor

4-4

Figure 4-1. The Main Menu

You can enter the Configuration Editor from either the Main Menu or from the Quick Configuration screen.

To enter from the Main menu, just type 3, which is the list number for the Configuration Editor.

To enter from the Quick Configuration screen (described in chapter

3), type / m. (For more information on using the Configuration Editor while in Quick Configuration, refer to ‘‘How To Use the Hotkeys’’ on page 3-12.)

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Enter the Configuration Editor

When you start the Configuration Editor, the configuration menu appears:

Note The actual configuration menu displayed on your console reflects the

configuration features available in your router. This manual uses examples depicting the full feature set, which is available in most HP routers. For a listing of the features available in your router, refer to the release notes you received with the router or with your most recent software update.

Configuration

Editor

Figure 4-2. The Configuration Menu

4-5

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Exit From the Configuration Menu

If you enter the Configuration Editor from the Main menu, do the following to exit:

1. Press [Return] as many times as you need to return to the Configuration menu (figure 4-2).

2. Press [Return] once again to display

Back to menu ?

3. Then do one of the following:

• If you want to exit from the Configuration Editor without saving

any changes you made, press [<] to display

Exit without saving ?

Then press [Return] again to exit from the Configuration Editor without saving any changes you made.

• If you want to exit from the Configuration Editor and save any

changes you made, press [>] twice to display

Save and exit ?

Then press [Return] again to exit and save any changes you made.

Note ‘‘Saving’’ a new configuration retains it in memory, but does not delete

the ‘‘old’’ configuration nor re-initialize the router with the new configuration. To re-initialize the router with a new configuration that you have just saved, reboot the router (or turn the power off, then on again). To reboot the router, use the boot command (page 7-8 in this manual; refer also to the description of the boot command in the Operator’s Reference’’.

4-6

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Exit From the Configuration Menu

If you enter the Configuration Editor from Quick Configuration, do one of the following to exit:

To exit and reboot the router, refer to ‘‘How to exit from Quick Configuration and reboot the router’’ on page 3-9.

To exit without rebooting, refer to ‘‘How to exit from Quick Configuration without saving changes’’ on page 3-11.

Configuration

Editor

4-7

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

In the Main menu (figure 1-1 on page 1-6), type 3 to s elect the Configuration Editor and display the Configuration Menu.

Note Most HP routers have all of the configuration features described in this

chapter. However, some features are not available in certain basic router models. To determine the feature set in your router, refer to the release notes you received with the router or with your latest software update.

Access to global

and session

parameters

Access to protocol

selection

Access to

communication

channels

Access to

application and

network

management

modules

Selection prompt

Figure 4-3. Example of the Configuration Menu

4-8

Configuration Categories

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

The configuration categories include the available routin g ap plications and some general items. The number in parentheses to the right of each item indicates the number of entries currently configured in the category. A 0 (zero) indicates that nothing is configured for that category. For example, in the preceding screen, item 7 is not configured:

7. DoD Internet Router (0)

Note In figure 4-3, the DEFAULT_CONFIG label appears when you have not

yet assigned another name to the router. HP recommends that you assign a more specific name to this router later in the configuration process. When you do, that name appears instead of DEFAULT_CONFIG.

Each item listed in figure 4-3 is briefly described below. F or information on the parameters accessed by these items, refer to the Operator’s Reference.

1. System Names the router, specifies how the router initializes

software services during a power-up or boot situation, and assigns values to global and session parameters.

2. Software Loads the application software supplied with your

router.

Configuration

Editor

3. Lines Specifies the physical connections between the router and

the LANs and/or long-haul transmission facilities with which the router interfaces.

4. Circuits Specifies the logical connections between the router and

the LANs and/or long-haul transmission facilities with which the router interfaces.

5. Circuit Groups Balances traffic across circuits.

6. Bridge Configures the Bridge application to your specific

requirements.

4-9

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

The remaining items (including some that are not available on all models) provide tools for adjusting application or network management software modules to your requirements. Access only the items corresponding to the application or network management software modules you want to enable.

7. DoD Internet Router

8. DECNET IV Routing Service

9. SNMP Sessions

10. Xerox Routing Service

11. IPX Routing Service

12. AppleTalk Router

13. X.25 Network Service

14. V.25 bis Network Mapping

Moving From One Screen to Another

At the bottom of the Configuration Menu screen (figure 4-3) and many other screens is the prompt:

Enter selection (0 for previous menu): _____

Whenever this prompt occurs, it is preceeded by a numbered list of items you can select. If you don’t want to access any of the listed items, just press [Enter] to return to the preceding screen or action item. But if you want to access one of the listed items, type the number for that item and press [Enter]. Then:

If the item you select contains no en tries (indicated by ‘‘ (0)’’ at the end of the item) such as:

DoD Internet Router (0)

you will be prompted by the message

Do you wish to add ...? Yes

4-10

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

Press [Return] to select the Yes option. The parameters you want to add will then appear. Follow the prompts to enter the values for the desired parameters.

For example, with the configuration menu displayed, if the DoD Internet Router (IP) Service was not configured and you wanted to access it, you would type 7 and press [Return] to display the following:

IP service (0 indicates ‘‘not configured’’)

Prompt to access IP configuration

Configuration

iguration

Editor

Figure 4-4. Example of Accessing an Item That Is Not Currently Configured

Continuing from page 4-10, if the item you select contains one or more entries (indicated by a ‘‘(1)’’, ‘‘(2)’’, or other number at the end of the item) such as:

Circuits (2)

the entries will appear as a numbered list and you will be prompted with

Action (->> for selections) : Previous Display

For example, with the configuration menu displayed, if one Ethernet port and one WAN port were configured and you wanted to add another port configuration, you would type 4 and press [Return] to see a screen similar to the following:

4-11

List of configured circuits

Prompt for your next action

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

Figure 4-5. Example of Access to Previously Configured Elements

Note The examples of default circuit names in figure 4-5, above, appear in HP

Series 200 and 400 routers. Default circuit names in HP Series 600 routers include the slot number in which the port is installed. For example, if a four-p ort Ethernet interface module is installed in slot 2 of the HP Router 650, the circuit name of the first port on that module would be ETHER21. Similarly, if a WAN module was installed in slot 3, then the circuit name of the first port on that module would be WAN31. To help simplify circuit configurations on an HP Router 650, it is recommended that you use this method for identi fyin g t h e sl ot and port locations for all circuits.

4-12

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

You then have five actions from which to choose:

• Previous Screen: To back up to the previous screen, choose

Previous Display by simply pressing [Return].

• Delete: To delete an entry, use [<] to choose Delete, then press

[Return]. If you are then prompted for the number of a listed entry, type the number of the entry to delete and press [Return] again. When you are prompted with

You are sure you want to delete ? No

use [<] to select Yes, then press [Return].

• Add: To add an entry, use [<] to choose Add. Then press [Return]

and follow the prompts to enter the desired parameter values.

Modify: To modify the configuration for an entry, use [<] to choose Modify, then press [Return]. If you are then prompted for the number of a listed entry , type the number of the entry to delete and press [Return] again. Then follow the prompts to modify the desired parameters.

Browse: To view the current settings for an entry without changing them, use [<] to choose Browse. If you are then prompted for the number of a listed entry, type the number of the entry to delete and press [Return] again.

Configuration

Editor

4-13

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

Entering or Changing Parameter Values in Configuration Screens

Throughout the configuration screens, there are ‘‘type-in’’ and ‘‘select an option’’ parameter data fields. For example:

Circuit Name : ETHER1______

This is a ‘‘type-in’’ field in which you provide a value. Type-In fields are always underlined. Fill in a blank underlined field or type over the existing entry. Any underlines you see at the end of existing text indicate how long the entry may be. To correct a mistake, use the backspace key (not the [Delete] key) to reposition the cursor, and then retype. When you finish typing an entry , press [Return] to terminate it and move on to the next field or option. Notice that if yo u a re typ in g over one entry with another, shorter entry, you should not try to delete the extra characters; just press [Return] after typing the last valid character in the string. Any characters remaining from the old string will be truncated. For example, if you were to replace an internet address of 100.100.100.10 in the IP Network Interface Definitions screen with another address of 10.10.10.1, you would just type the second address over the first and press [Enter]. (The remaining ‘‘0.10’’ from the first address would be truncated when you pressed [Enter].)

Original Address String: 100.100.100.10_ After New Entry Typed: 10.10.10.10.10_ (‘‘0.10’’ is excess) After You Press [Return]: 10.10.10.1 ([Return] truncates the excess)

4-14

Cursor position after new entry

Auto Enable : Yes

This is a ‘‘Select an Option’’ field, which always displays a current setting that is one of a number of preprogrammed options. Use the [>] or [<] key to move through the supplied options. When the option you choose is displayed, press [Return] to enter it. This also moves the cursor to the next menu, screen, or prompt.

How To Use the Configuration Editor

How To Operate the Configuration Editor

To exit from the Configuration Editor, return to the Configuration Menu screen (figure 4-3). At the Enter selection prompt, press [Return]. At the option

Back To Menu ?

use the [>] or [<] key to select either Save and Exit ? (if you want to save any changes you have made) or Exit without Saving ? (if you don’t want to save any changes you have made) Pressing [Return] for either one then returns you to the Main menu.

To implement the changes you make in a Configuration Editor ses-

sion, do the following: a. Choose Save and Exit. b. Boot the router (by using the NCL Boot command--refer to page

7-8).

To abandon the changes made in this Configuration Editor session

and keep the previous configuration, choose

Configuration

Editor

Exit without Saving

and press [Return].

4-15

How To Use the Event Log T o Analyze Router Operation

How To Use the Event Log

Introducing the Event Log

This chapter describes the event messages generated by the router and stored in the event log, how to access the event log from the Main menu, and how to navigate through the log.

The event log is a first-in, first-out buffer in RAM. (See figure 5-1 for some sample entries.) Each entry is a line composed of five fields:

severity is one of the following codes:

D (debug) indicates installation and diagnos t ic information. I (information) indicates routine events. W (warning) indicates that a service has behaved unexpectedly. P (performance) indicates that a current service has degraded or

upgraded.

M (major) indicates a service appearance/disappearance.

date is the date, in mm/dd/yy format, that the entry was placed in the log.

time is the time, in hh:mm:ss format, that the entry was placed in the log.

object is the system variable (such as ‘‘cct.’’ for ‘‘circuit event messages’’) that generated the log entry.

event message (within quotes) is the event message.

For information about the event messages you find in your router’s event log, refer to the Operator’s Reference. Each listed message is accompanied by an explanation and a recommended action (if any is required and/or available). The messages are grouped by the system variables (objects) that generate them and are listed alphabetically. More information about variables and their structure in th e management information base is also included in the HP Routing Services and Applications.

5-2

How To Use the Event Log

Entering and Navigating in the Event Log Display

You can enter the event log in either of the following two ways:

In the Main menu (figure 1-1 on page 1-6), press [4] to display the

Event Log.

In the NCL interpreter, execute the Logi command.

Event Log

Figure 5-1. Example of an Event Log Display

Note Event log messages in the HP Series 600 routers include, where appropri-

ate, the slot number associated with the source of a displayed event. Event log messages in HP Series 200 and 400 routers do not use slot numbers. For example:

S 600: S 200/400:

I 07/04/94 16:17:44 mgr.auto_enable: ‘auto-enabling ’cct.WAN21’‘ I 07/04/94 16:17:44 mgr.auto_enable: ‘auto-enabling ’cct.WAN1’‘

When you first display the event log, the first event of the most recent reboot is positioned at the top of the display. (See the first two lines of

5-3

How To Use the Event Log

Entering and Navigating in the Event Log Display

the event display in figure 5-1.) To display other portions of the log —preceding or following the currently visible portion—use the keys described in the following table.

Event Log Control Keys

Key Action

[Return] or

[N] or

Advance display by one page (next page)

[SPACE] [P] Roll back display by one page (previous page) [v] or

[D] [^] or

[U] [>] or

[B] or [E]

Advance display by one event (down a line)

Roll back display by one event (up a line)

Display last, newest page (bottom of log) (end of log)

[T] Display the first, oldest page (top of log) [C] Display the first page for current boot [?] or

Display help for event log

[Shift]-[?] or [H]

[<] or

[Q] or

Exit from event log back to Main menu (quit)

[X]

5-4

This first event displayed at entry is not necessarily the first event in the log. The log may contain entries that occurred prior to the most recent reboot.

The event log holds up to 1,000 lines in chronological orde r, from the oldest to the newest. Each line consists of one complete event message. Once the log has received 1000 entries, it discards the current oldest line

How To Use the Event Log

Entering and Navigating in the Event Log Display

each time a new line is received. The event log window contains 20 lines and can be positioned to any locatio n in the log.

Log status line

Range of log events displayed

Figure 5-2. The Event Log Status Line

Current

event log

contents

Line 1184

(current beginning of log)

Figure 5-3.The Event Log Display Window

The log status line at the bottom of the display identifies where in the sequence of event messages the display is currently positioned. Figures 5-2 and 5-3 show an event log window, a log status line, and the location of the window within the complete event log. In this example, events 1881-1900 are displayed and there are 1000 events currently in the log.

Event Log Window

Line 1881

Line 1900

Event Log

Range of events in the log

Line 2183

(current end of log)

5-5

How To Use the Event Log

Entering and Navigating in the Event Log Display

The line numbers appearing in the status line continue consecutively. However, as indicat ed earlier, the log never contains more than 1,000 consecutive lines. For example, if the status line reads

Log events on screen 3378–3397,in memory 2845–3844. Press ’?’ for help.”

then there are 1,000 lines in the log (it is full) and line 3378 (the 534th line in the current log contents) is at the top of the display.

The router maintains the event log in a reserved area of memory that is not affected by software reboots. This means that any reboot under software control (the Boot command, TFTP updates, and ‘‘fatal exceptions’’) preserves previous log entries. New entries are simply appended to the existing list and old entries over the 1,000-line limit are dropped.

However, the event log will be erased if either of the following occurs:

The router is cleared or reset using the Clear and/or Reset buttons.

A fatal exception occurs while the Automatic Reboot parameter is

set to No.

Power to the router is interrupted.

Note

If a fatal exception occurs, the even t log will be maintained only if the Automatic Reboot parameter in the Global Parameters screen is set to Yes (the default). (If this parameter is set to ‘‘No’’, then it is necessary to reboot the router by using the Reset button, which clears the event log. To locate Automatic Reboot in the parameter hierarchy, refer to the ‘‘Pa ram et er Locator’’ in the appendix to the Operator’s Reference. To learn more about Automatic Reboot, refer also to the Operator’s Reference.

Note When the router goes down under software control, it enters this event

and the reason for it in the event log. It repeats this entry when the router reboots, giving you information about the event in cases where the existing log is lost after the router goes down. This happens in instances where the router was cleared or reset as described above after going down under software cont rol.

5-6

How To Use the Statistics Screens T o Analyze Router Operation

How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation

Introducing the Statistics Screens

This chapter describes how to use the statistics recorded by the router during network operation. It tells you how to access the Statistics Screens menu, how to display specific statistics screens on the console, and how to interpret statistical displays.

6-2

Figure 6-1. Example of a Statistics Screen

Statistics

Screens

How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation

Introducing the Statistics Screens

The functions of the statistics screens are to provide the following:

Circuits Statistics: Provide summary data for each individual circuit, including how many bytes and frames were received and transmitted and how many frames contained errors.

Per Second Statistics: Provide summary data on traffic vol ume for a per-second basis for each circuit on the router.

Bridge Statistics: Provide summary data for each bridging circuit group, including how many frames received, forwarded, flooded, and dropped.

DECnet Router Statistics: Provide summary data for each IP router network interface, including how many frames received, forwarded, and dropped.

DoD IP Router Statistics: Provide summary data for each IP router network interface, including how many datagrams received, forwarded, handled within the router, and dropped.

XNS Router Statistics: Provide summary data for each XNS network interface, including how many datagrams received, forwarded, handled within the router, and dropped.

IPX Router Statistics: Provide summary data for each IPX network interface, including how many datagrams received, forwarded, handled within the router, and dropped.

AppleTalk Router Statistics: Provide summary data for each Apple- Talk router circuit group, including how many packets received, forwarded, and dropped.

Buffers Usage Statistics: Provide information on buffer allocation and use.

For an example of each statistics screen type, along with a description of each statistics data category, refer to the Operator’s Reference.

6-3

How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation

How To Access the Statistics Screen Menu

With the Main menu (figure 1-1) displayed, press [1] to display the Statistics Screen menu.

Note The actual Statistics Screen menu displayed on your console reflects the

lines, circuits, and routing services you have already configured. You may have fewer than the example shown below. The Circuits, Per Second, and Buffers Usage Statistics items are always listed.

6-4

Figure 6-2. Example of the Statistics Screen Menu

Statistics

Screens

How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation

How To Access the Statistics Screen Menu

At the bottom of the Statistics Screens menu screen is the prompt:

PRESS: ? for help, Down, Up, <- to exit, <RETURN> to select

You can choose from:

To display help text for any statistics screen: Use [v] or [^] to posi-

tion the pointer to the menu item about which you want help. Then

use the [Shift] [?] key combination to display the help. To return to the

Statistics Screen menu, press [<]. For example, to display help for the

buffers usage statistics item in figure 6-3, below, you would use the

[v] key to move the pointer to the Buffers Usage Statistics line, then

press the [Shift] [?] key combination.

To choose a statistics screen for display: Type the menu item

number to display the statistics screen for that item. Using the exam-

ple of figure 6-3 below, you would type 5 to display the buffers usage

statistics. (You can also display a statistics screen by using [v] or [^]

to position the pointer at the desired menu item, then pressing [Return].

To exit from the Statistics Screen menu: Press [<] to return to the

Main menu.

Buffers menu item

Figure 6-3. Getting Help and Choosing a Screen to Display

6-5

How To Use the Statistics Screens To Analyze Router Operation

How To Manage the Statistics Screens

The statistics displayed on any of the statistics screens are cumulative values gathered since the router last booted. You can reset the values to zero at any time, by using a command on the individual statistics screen (see below) or by using the Network Control Language (NCL) Interpreter’s Reset command. (Refer to page 7-21.)

All statistics are dynamic and are updated periodically. The update period is configurable using the Screen Refresh Rate parameter in the Configuration Editor. The default rate is three seconds.

At the bottom of a statistics screen is the prompt:

PRESS: ’r’ for reset, Down, Up, <- to exit

You have the following choices:

To reset a displayed value to zero, use the [v] or [^] key to position

the pointer on the line containing the value to be reset, then press

[R]. Resetting a value also resets all other values displayed on the

same horizontal line. (Values displayed on the same horizontal line

refer to the same circuit, circuit group, or network interface.)

6-6

Occasionally a screen may display a number prefixed with an asterisk (for example, *234345677). The asterisk indicates that the number is too large to display, and that the number’s most significant digits are truncated. This is when you may wish to reset the value.

To exit a statistics screen at any time, press the [<] key. The console

then returns to the Statistics Screen menu. (Refer to figure 6-2.)

For an example of each statistics screen type, along with a description of each statistics data category, refer to the Operator’s Reference.

How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router

Introducing NCL

This chapter describes how to use the Network Control Language Interpreter (NCL). NCL is an easy-to-access command-line control interface with capabilities such as the following.

Restart (“boot”) the router.

Set two levels of passwords to control access to the router through

the console and via Telnet.

Set the date and time kept by the router.

Perform link-layer and network-layer tests of remote nodes on the

extended network.

Use an upper-layer IP router service to make a virtual terminal

connection to a remote node on the extended network.

Enable or disable specific software entities and services within the

router, such as routing services, and logical network connections,

such as circuits.

7-2

Use the IP router and the SNMP agent to access application-specific

bridging and routing tables from a local or remote router.

Access the router’s management information base (MIB) for detailed

information about router operations. Reset MIB variables.

Use the IP router and the Simple Network Management Protocol

(SNMP) agent to access either the standard Internet MIB (as defined

in Internet RFC 1156) or the vendor-specific MIB of any remote node

with a standard SNMP/MIB implementation.

Download the router’s configuration or operating code from a

remote computer or router, or store its configuration or operating

code on a remote computer or router.

Display the router’s current configuration.

Direct the output of any display command to a printer or a file rather

than to the console. This file can be on the local PC used as the

console, or on a remote computer or router.

Access the configuration editor, the event log, statistics screens, or

quick configuration without returning to the Main menu.

Display help for NCL commands.

Press [2] to start NCL

NCL

Commands

How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router

How To Start NCL

From the Main menu, press [2] to display the NCL screen.

Figure 7-1. Starting NCL from the Main Menu

7-3

How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router

How To Start NCL

NCL Prompt

Figure 7-2. Example of the NCL Screen

The NCL command prompt, near the bottom of the screen, always appears (followed by a colon) as the current system name of your router, followed by a colon. In the above figure, the NCL prompt appears as DEFAULT_CONFIG:, which is the factory default. (You can use Quick Configuration or the Configuration Editor to change the system name.)

How To Exit From NCL

At the NCL prompt, type

exit

and press [Return] to return to the Main menu.

7-4

NCL

Commands

How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router

NCL Command Operation

Some NCL commands like Ping (which tests your access to a specific IP address), require you to type an argument after the command. Others, like Boot (which reboots the router) do not. Some ‘‘expandable’’ commands, like Time (which displays the time and date and can also be used to reset the time and date), give you the option of differing responses, depending on whe th e r you want the minimal or expanded functionality of the command. Also, some command s invoke responses that can be displayed in a single screen. Others require scrolling through one or more additional screens.

How To Execute an NCL Command

To execute an NCL command:

1. Type the command name.

2. Type the required argument, if any, and any optional arguments you want to use.

3. Press [Return].

For example, to change the current time in the router to 12:00, you would type

time 12:00:00

and press [Return].

7-5

"More" indicates

that there is another

screen of data

How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router

NCL Command Operation

More: Continuing the Display

When more than twenty lines are required to display all data from an NCL command, you will see “—MORE—” at the bottom of the display area. For example, if you execute the NCL Help All command, you w ill see a screen similar to this one:

7-6

Figure 7-3. Example of an NCL Command Using a Continued Display

Your choices are:

Press the Space bar to display an additional screen of data. Press [Return] to display one more line of data. Type a number from 1 through 9 to display that number of

additional lines. Press [<] or [Q] to stop the display and return to the NCL prompt.

NCL

Commands

How To Use the Network Control Language (NCL) Commands To Manage a Router

General NCL Command Summary

This section lists the NCL commands for general router m anagement, together with their syntax and functions. Later sections in this chapter describe:

Additional NCL commands used for virtual terminal operation (page

7-10) Accessing management information bases (MIBs) (page 7-13, 7-22, 7-23, and 7-24) Accessing bridging and routing tables (page 7-25) Managing OSPF protocol (page 7-27) Managing STE frames (page 7-28) Controlling V.25 bis circuits (page 7-29) Moving configurations, operating code, and display output (page 7-30)

If you need a more detailed description of any of these commands, refer to the Operator’s Reference.

Command Syntax The following example of the Ping command demonstrates the conventions used in this table:

ping x.x.x.x [count] [wait]

where:

ping is the command name x.x.x.x is a required value that you provide [count] and [wait] are optional values that you provide

7-7

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