HP 10B User Manual

Contents

Page 10 At a Glance

21 1: Getting Started 31 2: Business Percentages 35 3: Number Storage and Arithmetic 43 4: Picturing Financial Problems 51 5: Time Value of Money Calculations 75 6; Cash Flow Calculations 85 7: Statistical Calculations

95 8: Additional Examples 116 A; Assistance, Batteries, and Service 127 B: More About Calculations

133 Messages 136 Index

F.nglisli Hriiileil in Singapore

11/>-)4

(P)

HEWLETT PACKARD

00010-90037

HP-lOB

Who% HEWLETT

mLnM PACKARD

HfiWLBTT PACKAnO

Toe

BUSINESS

1. Interest conversion (page 71).

2. Time value of money (page 51).

3. Cash flows (page 75).

4. Store and recall (page 38).

5. Percent (page 31).

6. Clear all memory (page 23).

7. Separate two numbers (page 25),

8. Change sign (page 22).

9. Constant (page 35).

10. Shift: activate yellow labeled

functions (page 24).

11. On. clear display.cancel

operation (page 21).

12. n through Sxy: statistical summation

registers (page 89).

13. Statistical functions (page 88).

14. Backspace (page 23).

15. 3'key memory (page 37).

16. Margin and markup (page 33).

17. Accumulate statistical data

(page 86 and 87).

18. Amortization (page 66).

19. Annunciator line (page 24).

HP-1 OB Business Calculator

Owner’s Manual

HEWLETT

PACKARD

Edition 6 Pan Number 00010-^)0037

Notice

For warranly and regulatory information for this calculator, see pages 123 and 126.

This manual and any examples contained herein arc provided "as is" and

arc subject to change without notice. Hewlett-Packard Company makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this manual, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a

particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard Co. shall not l>c liable for any

errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the

furnishing, performance, or use of this manual or the keystroke programs contained herein.

o Hewlett-Packard Co. 1988. All rights rcscr\'cd. Reproduction,

adaptation, or translation of this manual is prohibited without prior written permission of Hewlett-Packard Company, except as allowed under

the copyright laws.

The programs that control your calculator arc copyrighted and all rights

arc reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation of those programs without prior written permission of Hewlett-Packard Co. i.s also prohibited.

Corvallis Division 1000 N.E. Circle Blvd. Corvallis, OR 97330, U.S.A.

Printing History

Edition I Edition 2

Edition 3 Edition 4 Edition 6

October 1988

June 1989

June 1990

August 1992

November 1994

Welcome to the HP-1 OB

Your HP-lOB rcflccls ihc superior quality and attention to detail in

engineering and manufacturing that have distinguished Hewlett-Packard

products for 50 years. Hewlett-Packard stands behind this calculator —we

offer expertise to support its use (see inside the back cover) and world wide scr\icc.

Hewlett-Packard Quality

Our calculators arc made to excel and to be easy to use.

■ This calculator is designed to withstand (he drops, vibrations, pollu

tants (smog, ozone), temperature extremes, and humidity variations that it may encounter in everyday work life.

■ The calculator and its manual have been designed and tested for ease of use. We added many examples to highlight (he varied uses of the calculator. Advanced materials and permanent, molded key lettering

provide a long keyboard life and a positive feel to the keyboard.

■ CMOS (low-power) electronics and a liquid-crystal display allow data to be retained indefinitely and the batteries to last a long time.

■ The microprocessor has been optimized for fast and reliable compu tations using IS digits internally for precise results.

■ Extensive research has created a design that has minimized the adverse effects of static electricity, a potential cause of malfunctions

and data loss in calculators.

Welcome to the HP-10B

Features

The fc;iUircs of ihc HP-lOB and ihc manual reflect the needs and wishes

of many customers;

■ A large 12-charactcr display.

■ An At-a-Glancc section in the manual for quick reference.

■ Applications to solve business and financial tasks:

■ Time Value of Money. Loans, savings, leases, and amortiza

tion schedules.

m Interest Conversion. Nominal and effective rates.

■ Cash Flows. Net present value and internal rate of return.

■ Business Percentages. Percent change, markup, and margin

calculations.

■ Statistics. Mean, standard deviation, correlation cocITicicnt,

and linear regression forecasting, plus other statistical calcula tions.

■ Enough memory to store an initial cash flow and 14 cash flow groups,

with up to 99 cash flows per group.

■ Fifteen numbered storage registers.

■ Easy access to functions saves keystrokes and adds convenience.

■ Auto-incrcmcnt capability for amortization schedules.

■ Labels for amorti/;ilion and cash flows.

■ Automatic constant.

■ 3-key memory.

■ Many examples are included in the manual .so you can combine them

for your specific needs.

Welcome to the HP-10B

10 At a Glance...

10 Basics 11 Percentages

12 Memory Keys 13 Time Value of Money (TVM)

14 TVM Whal if... 15 Amort iziU ion

16 Interest Rale Conversion

17 IRR/YR and NPV

19 Statistics

21 Getting Started

21 Power On and Off 21 Adjusting the Display Contrast 21 Simple Arithmetic Calculations 23 Understanding the Display and Keyboard 23 Cursor 23 Clearing the Calculator 23 Clearing Memory 24 Annunciators 24 Shift Key 25 INPUT Key 25 SWAP Key

25 Math Functions

26 Display Formal of Numbers 27 Specifying Displayed Decimal Places

27 Scientific Notation 28 Displaying the Full Precision of Numbers

Contents

Interchanging the Period and Comma

28 29 29

Rounding Numbers

Messages Picturing Memory

31 Business Percentages 31 Percent Key 31 Finding a Percent

Adding or Subtracting a Percent

Percent Change

Margin and Markup Culculalinns

33 34 34

3 35

37 38 39

Margin Calculations Markup on Cost Calculations

Using Margin and Markup Together

Number Storage and Arithmetic

Using Stored Numbers in Calculations

Using Constants

Using the M Register Using Numbered Registers Doing Arithmetic Inside Registers

40 41 41

Doing Arithmetic Power Operator Using Parentheses in Calculations

Picturing Financial Problems 43 How to Approach a Financial Problem 44

Signs of Cash Flows

45 Periods and Cash Flows 45 45

Simple and Compound Interest

Simple Interest

Contenu

46 47 47 47 49

Compound Interest

Interest Rales

Two Types of Financial Problems

Recognizing a TVM Problem Recognizing a Cash Flow Problem

5 51

51 Using the TVM Application

53 Clearing TVM

53 Begin and End Modes

Time Value of Money Calculations

53 58

62 66

Loan Calculations

Savings Calculations

Lease Calculations

Amortization

71 Interest Rate Conversions 71

75 75

Investments With Different Compounding Periods Compounding and Payment Periods Differ

Cash Flow Calculations

How to Use the Cash Flow Application

NPV and IRR/YR: Discounting Cash Flows

77 Organizing Cash Flows 78 Entering Cash Flows 79 80

Viewing and Replacing Cash Flows Calculating Net Present Value

83 Calculating Internal Rate of Return 84 Automatic Storage of IRR/YR and NPV

85 Statistical Calculations

85 Clearing Statistical Data

86 Entering Statistical Data 86 One-Variable Statistics

86 Two-Variable Statistics and Weighted Mean

Correcting Statistical Data

87 Correcting One-Variable Data

Correcting Two-Variable Data

88 Summary of Slatislical Calculations 89 Mean, Standard Devaations, and Summation Statistics

91 Linear Regression and Estimation

Weighted Mean

Contents

Additional Examples

95 95 95 96 97 97 98 99

101 102

104 105

Business Applications

Setting a Sales Price

Forecasting Bused on History

Cost of Not Taking a Cash Discount

Loans and Mortgages

Simple Annual Interest

Continuous Compounding Yield of a Discounted (or Premium) Mortgage

Annual Percentage Rate for a Loan With Fees

Loan With a Partial (Odd) First Period Automobile Loan

Canadian Mortgages

106 107 107 109

111

112 112

114

116

What if ...TVM Calculations

Savings

Saving for College Costs

Gains That Go Untaxed Until Withdrawal Value of a Taxable Retirement Account

Cash Flow Examples

Wrap-Around Mortgages

Net Future Value

Assistance, Batteries, and Service 116 117

118 118

119

120 121

123 123 123

124 124

Answers (0 Comnu)a Questions

Environmental Limits

Power and Batteries

Low Power Annunciator Installing Batteries

Determining if the Calculator Requires Service

Confirming Calculator Operation — the Self-Test

Limited One-Year Warranty

What Is Covered What Is Not Covered Consumer Transactions in the United Kingdom

If the Calculator Requires Service

8 Contents

124 125

Obtaining Service

Service Charge

125 Shipping Instructions 126 Warranty on Service

126 Service Agreements 126 Regulatory lnform<ilion

127 More About Calculations

127 IRR/YR Calculations 127 Possible Outcomes of Calculating IRR/YR

128 Halting and Restarting IRR/YR 128 Entering a Guess for IRR/YR 129 Effect of Using S- to Correct Data 129 Range of Numbers 129 Equations 129 Margin and Markup Calculations

130 Time Value of Money (TVM) 130 Amortization 131 Interest Rate Conversions

131 Cash-Flow Calculations 132 Statistics

133 Messages 136 Index

Contents

At a Glance...

This section is designed Гог you if you're already familiar with calculator

operation or financial concepts. You can use it for quick reference. The rest of the manual is filled with explanations and examples of the concepts presented in this section.

Basics—At a Glance.

-------------

onoocju Qoaooo

mmmoom

ODOoa

oaaao

• aaoo

[■aaoaj >—

---------

Keys:

■

Display:

0.00 Turns calculator on.

0.00 Displays shift annuncia-

Description:

lor(.^).

■

123 0

■(cm

■(CLEAR ALLI

шт

10 At a Glance...

0.00

12_ Erases last character.

0.00

Discontinues shift.

Clears display. Clears statistics memory.

Clears all memory.

Turns calculator off.

Percentages—At a Glance...

— ' • OUOUDcl'

CDOOCCi

oaoco!.

Doaoc,

ooGOc:«

loonoci

Percent.

(CST)

i^ARl

Add 15% to $17.50.

Cost.

Price. Margin. Markup.

Keys:

17.50 0

Display:

17.50

Description:

Enters number.

15® 0

Find (he margin if the cost is $15.00 and

20.13

15 iesD 15.00

22 iP^ 22.00

fMM]

If the cost

20 (cUl 33IIMI

is $20.00 and the markup is 33%, what is the selling price?

31.82

20.00

33.00

Adds 15 %.

.selling price Ls $22.00.

Enters cost. Enters price.

Calculates margin.

Enters cost. Enters markup.

(PRC)

26.60

Calculates price.

At a Glance... 11

Memory Keys—At a Glance...

pooooo

paaaoo

xz=)aaao

□ oooo

• OCDOO

ooooa

Doaoa

Em)

Multiply 17, 22, and 25

Stores a constant operation.

Stores a value in the M register (memory location).

Recalls a value from the M register.

Adds a value to the number .stored in the M register.

Stores a value in a numbered register.

Recalls a value from a numbered register.

by 7, storing

“x

as a constant operation.

Keys:

170711

22 0 25 0

Store 519 in register 2, then recall it.

5191 ST012

Display: Description:

7.00 Stores “x 7” as a co

119.00

154.00 Multiplies 22x7.

175.00

519.00 Stores in register 2.

operation.

Multiplies 17

Multiplies 25x7.

iRCO 2

12 At a Glance...

0.00 Clears display.

519.00 Recalls register 2.

Time Value of Money (TVM)—At a Glance..

Ji’ Enter any four of the five values and solve for the fifth.

immmmc

DOOOOO

C3000C

{OOOOO

oooed oaac MOOC

A negative sign in the display represents money paid out;

money received is positive.

(N)

[iTyrI

iasfl

(Ey)

liPTYR]

Number of payments. Interest per year.

Present value.

Payment.

Future value.

Begin or End mode.

Number of payments per year mode.

If you borrow $14,000 for 360 months (N) at 10% interest (I/YR),

what is the monthly payment?

Set to End mode. Press

Keys:

12lfP7YR

360®

10 ii/YRl 14000 fPV]

1 lfiI3e?KiIill if BEGIN annunciator is displayed.

Display:

12.00

360.00

10.00 14,000.00

Description:

Sets payments per year.

Enters number of payments.

Enters interest per year. Enters present value.

(PM3

0.00

-122.86

Enters future value. Calculates payment if

paid at end of period.

At a Glance...

TVM What if...—At a Glance...

U is nol necessary to reenter TVM values Гог each example.

ommma

ooooool aoooo

ooooo; □ oooc

Qoaac:

OOOOC!;

Keys:

100 Ea

(pg

Using the values you just entered (page 13), how much can

you borrow if you want a payment of $100.00?

ши

Display:

-100.00

11.395.08

Description:

Enters new payment

amount. (Money paid out

is negative.)

Calculates amount you

How much can you borrow at a 9.5% interest rate?

9.5 IÌ7YRÌ (pg

lOfiTVRi

14000

[22

9.50 11,892.67

10.00

14,000.00

can borrow.

Enters new interest rate.

Calculates new present value for $100.00 pay

ment and 9.5% interest. Reenters original interest

rate. Reenters original present

ВШ

-122.86

value. Calculates original

payment.

14 At a Glance...

Amortization—At a Glance...

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oooooo

moooo

oaooo

□ oaoo

aoooD

□ OOMO

Amortize the 20th payment of the loan.

Keys:

20 lINPUTi

After calculating a payment using Time Value of Money

(TVM), enter the periods to amortize, then press BlAMORTI.

Using the previous TVM example (page 13), amortize a single payment and then a range of payments.

Display:

20.00

Description:

Enters payment to amortize.

msEo

PEr20- 20

Int

-115.61

Prin

-7.25

bAL

13,865.83

Amortize (he 1st through 12lh loan paymcnl.s.

Displays payment to

amortize.

Displays interest. (Money paid out is negative.)

Displays principal.

Displays balance.

QüjjQD

0 0

12_

PEr1 - 12

Int

-1.396.50

PrIn

-77.82

bAL

13,922.18

Enters range of payments to amortize.

Displays range of periods

(payments).

Displays interest. (Money paid out is negative.)

Displays principal.

Displays balance.

Ata Glano«... IS

Interest Rate Conversion—At a Glance...

To convert between nominal and cfTcctive interest rates,

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oooooo

fCDOnOO

aooao nooao OOOCTO

UOOOf )

■FES

■ÎP7ŸR1

enter the known rale and the number of periods per year,

then solve for the unknown rate.

Nominal interest percent. Effective interest percent.

Periods per year.

Find the annual cfTcctive interest rate of 10% nominal interest com pounded monthly.

Keys:

12KEZŸH1

i(ËFF%

Display:

10.00

12.00

10.47

Description:

Enters nominal rate. Enters payments per

year. Calculates annual

cfTcclive interest.

16 At a Glance...

IRR/YR and NPV—At a Glance...

oooaoci

oommmzi

t300CC‘

ooDc:c

poncoc

nnc( K:i

C)i3Duc::|

V. -------------------

■rpTVRl [cRl

■(Nj]

onmoD

■I

If you have an initial cash outflow of $-40,(XX), followcii by monthly caslt inflows of $4,700. $7,OCX). $7,000, and $23,000. what is tlic IRR/YR? What is the IRR per month?

Number of periods per year (default is 12). Cash flows, up to 15 (“y“ identifies the cash flowii///?i/?cT), Number of consecutive times cash flow **y’* occurs.

Internal rale of return per year.

Net present value.

Keys:

ai CLEAR ALp

laliPTYRl

40000 ^ (CF]]

4700 pF]]

7000 fCFj]

Display:

0.00

12.00

CFO

- 40,000.00

CF 1 4,700.00

CF2

7,000.00

Description:

Clears all memorv. Sets payments ()cr year.

Enters initial outflow.

Enters first casli flow.

Enters second cash flow.

2|[^

2.00

Enters number of con-

sccutivc times cash flow occurs.

At a Glance... 17

23000 (cEB

CF3

23,000.00

Enters third cash flow.

onifili]

a 12 0

What is the NPy if the discount rate is 10%7

10 E

15.96

1.33

10.00

622.85

Calculates IRR/YR. Calculates IRR per

month.

Enters l/YR,

Calculates NPV.

18 At a Glance...

Statistics—At a Glance.

000008

OOOOOO

^•OOC

ommmc^

ocir joc:'

aaoocj

■fcm

number number BfZ^

numberl

number2 (|3 Enter two-variable statistical data.

Clear statistical registers. Enter one-variable statistical data.

Delete one-variable statistical data.

numberJ liNPUTi number! BO Delete two-variable statistical data.

WED Emm

Bd^

Mean of.v and}». Mean of.v weighted by>^.

BdEiD wmm BE5ZZ1 EMM

y-vatue BiEf] Bf§WÁPl x-value Bl?.ml

OBC® Bdffil

Sample standard deviation o(x andy.

Population standard deviation of.v and}». Estimate of.v and correlation coefficient. Estimate ofy.

y-interccpl and slope.

At a Glance... 19

Using the following data, find the mean of j; aiidy, the sample standard

deviation of at andy, and they-intcrcept and the slope of the linear regres sion forecast line. Then, use summation statistics to find n and Sty.

Keys:

■fern

2iiNPUTl50 4 fiNPDTl90

x-data

y-data

Display:

0.00

1.00

2.00

2 4

50 90 160

Description:

Clears stalistics registers.

Enters first .V,)» pair.

Enters second pair.

SfiNRJTl 160 IdiD

mna

■dim

0|[^

3.00

4.00

100.00

2.00

55.68

-10.00

Enters third pair.

Displays mean ofx.

Displays mean of>'. Displays .sample standard

deviation of.v. Displays sample standard

deviation ofy.

Displays j'-inlcrccpl of regression line (predicted

y value for.r *= 0).

iRCLl 4

27.50

3.00

1,420.00

Displays slope of regres

sion line.

Displays n, number of

data points entered.

Displays sum of the products ofjc- and

y-valucs.

20 At a Glance...

Getting Started

Power On and Off

To turn on your HP-lOB, press O (ihc key above ihe “ON

oocoao oooaoo

ki^ooon

□ DOOO

{oaooc

»oao loao

label). To turn the calculator off, press the yellow shift key (I )> then [§ (also written BIOPFI).

Since the calculator has continuous memory, turning it off

^ docs not affect the information you’ve stored. To conserve

energy, the calculator turns itself off approximately 10 minutes after you stop using it. The calculator’s three alkaline batteries last approximately one year. If you .see the low-battery symbol (CD) in the display, replace

the batteries. Refer to appendbe A for more information.

Adjusting the Display Contrast

To change the brightness of the display, hold down and press (T) or

Simple Arithmetic Calculations

Arithmetic Operators. The following examples demonstrate using the

arithmetic operators 0, 0, 0, and 0.

If you press more than one operator consecutively, for example 0 0 0 0 0, all are ignored except the last one.

1: GetUng Startod 21

If you make a typing mistake while entering a number, press [♦] to erase

the incorrect digits.

Keys:

24.71 0 62.47 0

When a calculation has been completed (by pressing 0), pressing a number key starts a new calculation.

19 0 12.68 0

If you press an operator key after completing a calculation, the calculation is continued.

0 115.5 0

Display:

87.18

240.92

356.42

Description:

Adds 24.71 and 62.47.

Calculates 19 x 12.68.

Completes calculation of

240.92 + 115.5.

You can do chain calculations without using 0 after each step.

6.9 0 5.35 0 36.92

.91 0

Chain calculations are interpreted in the order in which they arc entered. Calculate 4 + 9x3.

40.57

Pressing 0 displays intermediate result (6.9 x

5.35). Completes calculation.

4090 30

13.00

39.00

Adds 4 + 9.

Multiplies 13x3.

Negative Numbers. Enter the number and press I*/-! to change the

sign. Calculate -75 -f 3.

Keys:

030

Display:

-75_

-25.00

Description:

Changes the sign of 75.

Calculates result.

22 1: Getting Started

Understanding the Display and Keyboard

Cursor

The cursor (_) is visible when you arc entering a number.

Clearing the Calculator

oooooc

OOODOO

=JOOC«

oooac

aooooi

oonnr'.

ooeg

ill

When the cursor is on, 0 erases the last digit you entered. Otherwise, 0 clears the display and cancels the calculation.

While you arc entering a number, pressing (C) clears it to zero. Otherwise, (c) clears (he display of its current contents

and cancels the current calculation.

Clearing Messages. When the HP-lOB is displaying an error mes

sage, 0 or clears the message and restores the original contents of the

display. Refer Co “Messages,” on page 133 for a complete list of messages and meanings.

Clearing Memory

nooooo

DOOODO

^mooo

oaooc ooooo

ooooo! OOOOCj

Keys

Description

■ CLEAR ALLI

Clears all memory. Does not reset modes.* Clears statistical memory.

• Modoc on youf HP-10D aro number ol payments per year (page 52), Begin and

End (page and the display formats (page 26).

1: Getting Started 23

To dear all memory and reset calculator inodes, press and hold down O,

then press and hold down both and When you release all three,

all memory is cleared. The ALL CLr message is displayed.

Annunciators

Annunciators are symbols in the display that indicate the status of the calculator.

Annunciator Status

Shift Is active: when a key is pressed, the function labeled in yellow above the key, is executed

(below).

•

• liNPUTi has been oressed. or two values have

been entered or returned (page 25).

PEND

An arithmetic operator is pending ((+). for exam ple).

BEGIN

Begin mode is active (page 53). Battery power is low (page 118).

Shift Key

All of the HP-lOB keys have a second or “shifted” function

ooaoQu ooaoocH

dDOOOO

printed in yellow above the key. The yellow shift key (|) is used to access these functions.

ooooo

aaooo

• OOCDO

When you pres.s (he .shift annunciator is displayed

□ oooo

to indicate that the shifted functions arc active. To turn the

annunciator off, press

For example, press | followed by ED (also shov^n BED) to multiply a number in the display by itself.

again.

To perform consecutive shifted operations, hold down the shift key while

pressing the desired keys.

24 1: Getting Started

INPUT Key

The lINPUTI key is used lo separate two numbers when using

OOODOD

OOOOOO

BaOOG

ooooc

two-number functions or two-variable statistics.

The : annunciator is displayed if lINPUTI has been pressed. If

оооос

ooooa

a number is in the display, press [c] to erase the : annuncia

ooooo

tor and clear the display. If the cursor or an error message is

visible in the display, press O twice lo erase the :

annunciator.

SWAP Key

Pressing |{ exchanges the following:

OODOOO

OOOODO

IczDooao

ooooo

lOOOC

ooooc

aoooc

'S:

The last two numbers that you enlcrcd; for instance, to change the

order of division or subtraction.

The results of functions that return two values. The : annunciator

indicates that two results have been returned; press ■(SWAP) to sec the hidden result.

The X- and y-valucs when using .statistics.

Math Functions

One-Number Functions. Math functions involving one

ooooocj

OOOOOG CZDOOOOj

OCDOOI

ОООСЭС1 OCDOOI

looooc:

number use the number in the display.

1: Getting Sterted 25

Keys: Display; Description;

89.25 Ш{Щ\ 9.45

3.57 0 2.36 Ш\Ш} 0.42

a 3.99

Two-Number Functions. When a function requires two

DCOOOO

lOOCOO

■■nacD aDOCio

ooooa

оезооа

ooaoc

numbers, the numbers are entered like this: number I №UT

number2 followed by the operation. Pressing lINPUTi evalu

ates the current expression and displays the : annunciator. For example, the following keystrokes calculate the percent

change between 17 and 29.

Calculates square root.

1/2,36 is calculated first.

Adds 3.57 and 1/2.36.

Keys:

17IINPUTI

Display:

17.00

29 29_

■l%CHQ|

70.59

Display Format of Numbers

Description:

Enters number I y displays

: annunciator.

Enters number2. Calculates the percent

change.

When you turn on the HP-lOB for the first time, numbers

□QOOOQ aooooQ

[СЭОООО

oaooa

OOOOQ

are displayed with two decimal places and a period as the decimal point. The display format controls how many digits appear in the display.

ooaoQ

oaoaoi

If the result of a calculation is a number containing more

significant digits than can be displayed in the current display format, the

number is rounded to fit the current display setting.

Regardless of the current display format, each number is stored internally

as a signed, 12-digit number with a signed, three-digit exponent.

26 1: Getting Started

Specifying Displayed Decimal Places

To specify the number of displayed decimal places;

1. Press

2. Enter the number of digits (0 through 9) that you wish to appear

after the decimal point.

Keys:

та

45.6 0.1256 0

■в) 9

■fPiSPl 2

Display:

0.00

0.000

5.727

5.727360000

5.73

Description:

Clears display.

Displays three decimal places.

Displays nine decimal

places.

Restores two decimal places and rounds number in display.

When a number is too large or too small to be displayed in DISP format, it automatically displays in .scientific notation.

Scientific Notation

Scientific notation is used to represent numbers that are loo

OOOOOO

oooooo

iZ^OOOO

• oooo

ooooo □ aaoo

ooooo

large or too small to fit in the display. For example, if you

enter the number 10,000,000 0 10,000,000 0, the result

is 1.00E14, which means “one times ten to the fourteenth power” or “1.00 with the decimal point moved fourteen

places to the right.” You can enter this number by pressing

14. The E stands for “exponent of ten.”

Exponents can also be negative for very small numbers. The number

0.000000000004 is displayed as 4.00E-12, which means “four times ten to

the negative twelfth power” or “4.0 with the decimal point moved 12

places to the left.” You can enter this number by pressing 4 ШШ IV-112.

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