Hitachi CB 520H A1, CB 520H B1, CB 520H B3, CB 520H B4, CB 520A A1 User Manual
...
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series
Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Document Organization
Product Version
Getting Help
Contents
MK-91CB500068-27
© 2012-2018 Hitachi, Ltd. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or stored in a database or retrieval
system for any purpose without the express written permission of Hitachi, Ltd.
Hitachi, Ltd., reserves the right to make changes to this document at any time without notice and
assumes no responsibility for its use. This document contains the most current information available
at the time of publication. When new or revised information becomes available, this entire
document will be updated and distributed to all registered users.
Some of the features described in this document might not be currently available. Refer to the most
recent product announcement for information about feature and product availability, or contact
Hitachi Data Systems Corporation at
Notice: Hitachi, Ltd., products and services can be ordered only under the terms and conditions of
the applicable Hitachi Data Systems Corporation agreements. The use of Hitachi, Ltd., products is
governed by the terms of your agreements with Hitachi Data Systems Corporation.
Hitachi is a registered trademark of Hitachi, Ltd., in the United States and other countries. Hitachi
Data Systems is a registered trademark and service mark of Hitachi, Ltd., in the United States and
other countries.
Archivas, Essential NAS Platform, HiCommand, Hi-Track, ShadowImage, Tagmaserve, Tagmasoft,
Tagmasolve, Tagmastore, TrueCopy, Universal Star Network, and Universal Storage Platform are
registered trademarks of Hitachi Data Systems Corporation.
AIX, AS/400, DB2, Domino, DS6000, DS8000, Enterprise Storage Server, ESCON, FICON,
FlashCopy, IBM, Lotus, MVS, OS/390, RS6000, S/390, System z9, System z10, Tivoli, VM/ESA, z/
OS, z9, z10, zSeries, z/VM, and z/VSE are registered trademarks or trademarks of International
Business Machines Corporation.
https://portal.hds.com.
All other trademarks, service marks, and company names in this document or website are
properties of their respective owners.
Microsoft product screen shots are reprinted with permission from Microsoft Corporation.
ii
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Contents
Preface ............................................................................................... ix
Intended Audience .................................................................................................. x
Product Version ...................................................................................................... x
Release Notes ........................................................................................................ x
Referenced Documents ........................................................................................... x
Document Organization .......................................................................................... xi
Document conventions .......................................................................................... xii
Convention for storage capacity values .................................................................. xiii
Getting help ......................................................................................................... xiii
Comments ........................................................................................................... xiii
1 LPAR manager Functions ................................................................... 1-1
LPAR manager Overview ...................................................................................... 1-2
Logical Partitioning .............................................................................................. 1-3
Logical Partitioning of Processors .......................................................................... 1-4
Scheduling mode dynamically change ............................................................. 1-5
Service Ratio ................................................................................................. 1-6
Idle Detection ............................................................................................... 1-7
Processor Capping ......................................................................................... 1-8
Processor Group ............................................................................................ 1-9
Hyper Threading ......................................................................................... 1-10
PRTE .......................................................................................................... 1-12
Logical Partitioning of Memory ............................................................................ 1-13
Guest NUMA ................................................................................................ 1-15
L3 cache allocation functionality ................................................................... 1-18
Logical Partitioning of PCI Devices ...................................................................... 1-19
NIC (Network Interface Card) ............................................................................. 1-22
Management Path ....................................................................................... 1-32
SR-IOV ....................................................................................................... 1-40
FCoE .......................................................................................................... 1-43
Port Multiple Assignment .............................................................................. 1-44
Port Separate Assignment ............................................................................ 1-44
TagVLAN ..................................................................................................... 1-45
Teaming ..................................................................................................... 1-54
Promiscuous Mode ....................................................................................... 1-55
Packet Filtering of Inter-LPAR ....................................................................... 1-60
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
iii
FC (Fibre Channel) ............................................................................................. 1-60
HBA-core dedicated mode ............................................................................ 1-62
USB/KVM .......................................................................................................... 1-65
2 System Operation .............................................................................. 2-1
Web Console ....................................................................................................... 2-2
HCSM ................................................................................................................. 2-2
Server Management ............................................................................................. 2-2
SC/BSM ........................................................................................................ 2-2
SC/DPM ........................................................................................................ 2-2
HVM Navigator .................................................................................................... 2-3
LPAR Configuration ........................................................................................ 2-3
Monitoring .................................................................................................... 2-3
Viewer .......................................................................................................... 2-3
Migration ...................................................................................................... 2-3
Virtual COM Console ............................................................................................ 2-4
Logical VGA Snapshot ........................................................................................ 2-10
Time Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2-11
Power Saving .................................................................................................... 2-16
System Idle Loop ......................................................................................... 2-16
Power Capping Function ............................................................................... 2-16
Transfer ............................................................................................................ 2-17
Transfer to LPAR manager environment from Basic environment .................... 2-17
Transfer to Basic environment from LPAR manager environment .................... 2-18
IPv6 Setting for LP IP Addresses ......................................................................... 2-18
LP communication settings ................................................................................. 2-20
DNS .................................................................................................................. 2-20
Performance tuning options ................................................................................ 2-21
3 High Reliability Functions ................................................................... 3-1
Redundancy ........................................................................................................ 3-2
Redundancy of Power Supply ......................................................................... 3-2
Redundancy of Management Module .............................................................. 3-2
Redundancy of LAN switch / FC switch ............................................................ 3-3
RAID configuration and duplex controllers ....................................................... 3-3
N+M Cold Standby .............................................................................................. 3-3
Microsoft Cluster Service/Microsoft Failover Cluster ................................................ 3-7
UPS .................................................................................................................... 3-9
Role-Based Access Control .................................................................................. 3-11
User types .................................................................................................. 3-11
Role types ................................................................................................... 3-12
Assigning roles ............................................................................................ 3-12
Access permissions ...................................................................................... 3-13
Changing access permissions ........................................................................ 3-15
LPAR manager operations from the management module ............................... 3-15
Configuration example ................................................................................. 3-17
Notes on access permissions ........................................................................ 3-17
User Authentication ........................................................................................... 3-18
Scope of support ......................................................................................... 3-19
User authentication settings ......................................................................... 3-19
Specify the method of user authentication ..................................................... 3-20
iv
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Local authentication ..................................................................................... 3-20
LDAP authentication .................................................................................... 3-24
RADIUS authentication ................................................................................. 3-26
User authentication logs ............................................................................... 3-28
Audit log ........................................................................................................... 3-28
Scope of support ......................................................................................... 3-28
Audit log settings ......................................................................................... 3-29
Audit log format .......................................................................................... 3-29
LPAR manager Security ...................................................................................... 3-32
Certificates in LPAR manager ........................................................................ 3-32
Security for functions and tools that use a management network .................... 3-37
4 Maintenance Functions ...................................................................... 4-1
Guest Memory Dump Collection Command ............................................................ 4-2
LPAR manager Dump Collection Command ............................................................ 4-6
Backup Functions ................................................................................................ 4-8
Backup of System Area .................................................................................. 4-8
Backup of Data Area .................................................................................... 4-10
Backup of LPAR manager ............................................................................. 4-12
LPAR manager Firmware Upgrade / Update ......................................................... 4-13
Relation between server blade and LPAR manager firmware ........................... 4-13
Selecting the bank of LPAR manager firmware ............................................... 4-14
LPAR Migration .................................................................................................. 4-16
Safe mode ......................................................................................................... 4-17
5 Setup of LPAR manager ..................................................................... 5-1
Setup Overview ................................................................................................... 5-2
Setup of Terminal Software .................................................................................. 5-4
Connects LPAR manager Screen ........................................................................... 5-6
LPAR manager Settings ........................................................................................ 5-7
Creating LPAR ................................................................................................... 5-10
Adding LPAR ............................................................................................... 5-10
Configuration of Processor ........................................................................... 5-12
Configuration of Memory .............................................................................. 5-16
Configuration of PCI Device .......................................................................... 5-18
Assign VNICs (Virtual NICs) to LPARs ............................................................ 5-26
Assign Shared FCs to LPARs ......................................................................... 5-28
Save Configuration Changed on LPAR manager Screen ......................................... 5-30
Boot the Guest OS ............................................................................................. 5-32
Activating LPAR ........................................................................................... 5-32
Boot order setting .............................................................................................. 5-33
Boot setting ................................................................................................ 5-33
Creating boot option .................................................................................... 5-40
Changing Boot order .................................................................................... 5-52
Deleting Boot order ..................................................................................... 5-61
Display settings for Guest OS .............................................................................. 5-63
Display settings for Windows ........................................................................ 5-64
Display settings for Linux ............................................................................. 5-64
Deactivation of LPAR .......................................................................................... 5-65
Shutdown of Guest OS ................................................................................. 5-65
Deactivation of LPAR ................................................................................... 5-65
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
v
Termination of LPAR manager ............................................................................ 5-67
Shutting down of LPAR manager .................................................................. 5-67
6 LPAR manager backup ....................................................................... 6-1
LPAR manager backup files .................................................................................. 6-2
Operations required creating backup files ........................................................ 6-2
Save/backup/restore tools for LP configuration ................................................ 6-3
Backing up the LPAR manager configuration as of a time before device
isolation ........................................................................................................ 6-3
Creating backup files ........................................................................................... 6-4
Restoring backup files .......................................................................................... 6-5
7 Operation by LPAR manager Screen .................................................... 7-1
LPAR manager Key Operations ............................................................................. 7-2
Summary of LPAR manager Screen ....................................................................... 7-4
Common items for all screens ........................................................................ 7-6
LPAR manager Menu ..................................................................................... 7-6
Logical Partition Configuration ........................................................................ 7-9
Logical Processor Configuration .................................................................... 7-28
Physical Processor Configuration ................................................................... 7-32
PCI Device Information ................................................................................ 7-35
PCI Device Assignment ................................................................................ 7-39
Virtual NIC Assignment ................................................................................ 7-44
Shared FC Assignment ................................................................................. 7-56
Allocated FC Information .............................................................................. 7-61
System Configuration ................................................................................... 7-63
System Service State ................................................................................... 7-76
Date and Time ............................................................................................ 7-81
LP Options ................................................................................................ 7-105
LPAR Usage ............................................................................................... 7-118
Front Panel ............................................................................................... 7-124
LP system logs .......................................................................................... 7-128
Firmware Version Information .................................................................... 7-131
8 LPAR manager Dump Collection .......................................................... 8-1
Check the LPAR manager Dump ........................................................................... 8-2
Collects the LPAR manager Dump ......................................................................... 8-2
Exports LPAR manager Dump ............................................................................... 8-4
9 Messages .......................................................................................... 9-1
LPAR manager Boot Messages .............................................................................. 9-2
LPAR manager Screen messages ........................................................................ 9-10
LP system logs Screen Messages ......................................................................... 9-27
Error Level .................................................................................................. 9-27
Warn Level ................................................................................................. 9-37
Info Level ................................................................................................... 9-45
Audit log messages ............................................................................................ 9-56
Notation used in audit log messages ............................................................. 9-57
List of audit log messages ............................................................................ 9-57
HCSM Alert Messages ......................................................................................... 9-94
vi
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
10 Notes ............................................................................................ 10-1
Note for the LPAR manager Setup ....................................................................... 10-2
Restriction of SMP configuration ................................................................... 10-2
Setting FC Switch ........................................................................................ 10-3
Requirements for LPAR manager Startup ....................................................... 10-3
Notes on temporary LP licenses .................................................................... 10-4
Maximum Resolution .................................................................................... 10-5
Note for the LPAR manager operation ................................................................. 10-5
LPAR manager boot up ................................................................................ 10-5
LPAR Memory Fragmentation ....................................................................... 10-5
Memory allocation to LPARs ......................................................................... 10-8
PCI Device Assignment ................................................................................ 10-8
Using inter-LPAR communication in a redundant network configuration ........... 10-9
Displaying shared NIC/virtual NIC by ethtool command ................................ 10-11
Use Dedicated NIC ..................................................................................... 10-11
Use Shared NIC ......................................................................................... 10-11
Availability of Shared FC ............................................................................. 10-12
Timeout in Saving Configuration ................................................................. 10-12
Boot Option Settings .................................................................................. 10-13
LPAR manager Shutdown ........................................................................... 10-13
Notes for System Management ......................................................................... 10-13
Restriction when Dual-core CPU is installed in CB 520H A1/B1/B2/B3/B4 model 10-13
Restriction when TPM (Trusted Platform Module) is installed ......................... 10-14
Isolation/degradation for CPU, memory, or PCI device .................................. 10-14
CPU core degradation ................................................................................ 10-14
Restrictions on use of Onboard LAN ............................................................ 10-14
Restrictions on use of Emulex 10Gb NIC ...................................................... 10-15
Restrictions of the numbers of NIC ports assignment for Windows ................ 10-16
Multicast communication errors .................................................................. 10-18
Performance Slowdown on the Management Path ........................................ 10-19
Expansion of VNIC System No .................................................................... 10-20
Remote Console Function ........................................................................... 10-20
NETM/Remote Control ................................................................................ 10-21
Server Conductor/Blade Server Manager ..................................................... 10-21
Server Conductor/Deployment Manager ...................................................... 10-22
Server Conductor/Advanced Agent .............................................................. 10-22
Power Capping .......................................................................................... 10-22
A Setting Item Catalogue ...................................................................... A-1
Server Blade which LPAR manager supports .......................................................... A-2
PCI device which LPAR manager supports ............................................................. A-2
OSs which LPAR manager supports ....................................................................... A-4
Functions which LPAR manager supports .............................................................. A-9
SR-IOV functions which LPAR manager supports .................................................. A-17
LPAR manager licenses ...................................................................................... A-23
Differences in supported items depending on the guest OSs ................................. A-24
B Setting Item List ............................................................................... B-1
LPAR manager Setting Items ................................................................................ B-2
EFI Driver Setting Items ...................................................................................... B-8
vii
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
C Console Types .................................................................................. C-1
Console Types ..................................................................................................... C-2
D LPAR manager use Port numbers ....................................................... D-1
LPAR manager use Port numbers ......................................................................... D-2
E System Configuration ........................................................................ E-1
Recommended LPAR manager Configuration (SAN Boot) ........................................ E-2
F HvmGetPerf Command ....................................................................... F-1
HvmGetPerf Command ......................................................................................... F-2
G Software License Information ............................................................ G-1
Software License Information ............................................................................... G-2
viii
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Preface
This document describes how to use the Compute Blade 500. (The
introduction of the preface states the purpose of the document, briefly
introduces the subject of the document, and provides links to the sections of
the preface.)
Notice: The use of Compute Blade 500 and all other Hitachi Data Systems
products is governed by the terms of your agreement(s) with Hitachi Data
Systems.
Intended Audience
□
Product Version
□
Release Notes
□
Referenced Documents
□
Document Organization
□
Document conventions
□
Convention for storage capacity values
□
Getting help
□
Comments
□
Preface
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
ix
Intended Audience
This document is intended for the personnel who are involved in planning,
managing, and performing the tasks to prepare your site for Compute Blade
installation and to install the same.
This document assumes the following:
• The reader has a background in hardware installation of computer
systems.
• The reader is familiar with the location where the Compute Blade will be
installed, including knowledge of physical characteristics, power systems
and specifications, and environmental specifications.
Product Version
This document revision applies to Logical partitioning manager 02-62.
Release Notes
Read the release notes before installing and using this product. They may
contain requirements or restrictions that are not fully described in this
document or updates or corrections to this document.
Referenced Documents
• Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Server Blade Setup Guide
• Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Management Module Setup Guide
• Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Web Console User's Guide
• Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series EFI User's Guide
• Hitachi Compute Blade Series Hitachi Compute Rack Series OS
Installation Guide for Windows Server
• Hitachi Compute Blade Series OS Installation Guide for Red Hat Enterprise
Linux
• Hitachi Compute Blade Emulex Adapter User's Guide for Driver
• Hitachi Compute Blade Emulex Adapter User's Guide for Hardware
• Server installation and monitoring tool OS Setup Guide
• Hitachi Gigabit Fibre Channel Adapter USER'S GUIDE (BIOS/EFI Edition)
• Hitachi Compute Blade HVM Navigator User's Guide - Getting Started
• Hitachi Compute Blade HVM Navigator Installation Manual
• Hitachi Compute Blade HVM Navigator User's Guide - LPAR Configuration
• Hitachi Compute Blade HVM Navigator User's Guide - Monitoring
• Hitachi Compute Blade HVM Navigator User's Guide - Viewer
• Hitachi Compute Blade HVM Navigator User's Guide - Migration
x
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Preface
• Hitachi Compute Blade HVM Navigator User's Guide - Operation Quick
Reference
• Hitachi Compute Blade LPAR Migration Guide
• Hitachi Compute Blade Logical VGA SnapShot
• HVM Management Command (HvmSh) Operation Guide
• Hitachi Command Suite Compute Systems Manager User Guide
Document Organization
The table below provides an overview of the contents and organization of this
document. Click the chapter title in the left column to go to that chapter. The
first page of each chapter provides links to the sections in that chapter.
Chapter Description
Chapter 1, LPAR manager Functions Explains the basic functions of LPAR
Chapter 2, System Operation Describes the system operation.
Chapter 3, High Reliability Functions Explains High Reliability Functions.
Chapter 4, Maintenance Functions Explains Maintenance Functions.
manager.
Chapter 5, Setup of LPAR manager Explains setup of LPAR manager by using
the LPAR manager screen. Contents on the
screens might be changed depend on the
version.
Chapter 6, LPAR manager backup Explains LPAR manager backup.
Chapter 7, Operation by LPAR manager
Screen
Chapter 8, LPAR manager Dump Collection Explain the over view of LPAR manager at
Chapter 9, Messages Describes the Displaying Message.
Chapter 10, Notes Explains Notes for LPAR manager.
Appendix A, Setting Item Catalogue Setting Item Catalogue
Appendix B, Setting Item List Setting Item List
Appendix C, Console Types Console Types
Appendix D, LPAR manager use Port
numbers
Appendix E, System Configuration System Configuration
Explains LPAR manager operation by using
the LPAR manager screen.
this chapter.
For notes for the system unit, see each
User's Guides.
LPAR manager use port numbers
Appendix F, HvmGetPerf Command HVMGetPerf Command
Appendix G, Software License Information Software License Information
Preface
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
xi
Document conventions
The term "Compute Blade" see all the models of the Compute Blade, unless
otherwise noted.
The Hitachi Virtualization Manager (HVM) name has been changed to Hitachi
logical partitioning manager (LPAR manager, or LP). If you are using HVM
based logical partitioning feature, substitute references to Hitachi logical
partitioning manager (LPAR manager, or LP) with HVM.
This document uses the following typographic conventions:
Convention Description
Regular text bold In text: keyboard key, parameter name, property name,
Italic Variable, emphasis, reference to document title, called-out
screen/code Command name and option, drive name, file name, folder
< > angled brackets Variable (used when italic is not enough to identify variable).
[ ] (square bracket) Optional values
hardware labels, hardware button, hardware switch.
In a procedure: user interface item
term
name, directory name, code, file content, system and
application output, user input
{ } braces Required or expected value
| vertical bar Choice between two or more options or arguments
This document uses the following icons to draw attention to information:
Icon Meaning Description
WARNING This indicates the presence of a potential risk that
might cause death or severe injury.
CAUTION This indicates the presence of a potential risk that
might cause relatively mild or moderate injury.
NOTICE This indicates a risk of severe damage to the
equipment or damage to nearby items.
Note This indicates notes not directly related to injury
or severe damage to equipment.
Tip This indicates advice on how to make the best use
of the equipment.
The following table shows abbreviations of logical partitioning manager and
logical partition.
xii
Term Abbreviation
logical partitioning manager LPAR manager or LP
Preface
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Term Abbreviation
logical partition LPAR
Convention for storage capacity values
Physical storage capacity values (for example, disk drive capacity) are
calculated based on the following values:
Physical capacity unit Value
1 kilobyte (KB)
1 megabyte (MB)
1 gigabyte (GB)
1 terabyte (TB)
1 petabyte (PB)
1 exabyte (EB)
1,000 (103) bytes
1,000 KB or 1,0002 bytes
1,000 MB or 1,0003 bytes
1,000 GB or 1,0004 bytes
1,000 TB or 1,0005 bytes
1,000 PB or 1,0006 bytes
Logical storage capacity values (for example, logical device capacity) are
calculated based on the following values:
Logical capacity unit Value
1 block 512 bytes
1 KB
1 MB
1 GB
1 TB
1 PB
1,024 (210) bytes
1,024 KB or 1,0242 bytes
1,024 MB or 1,0243 bytes
1,024 GB or 1,0244 bytes
1,024 TB or 1,0245 bytes
1 EB
Getting help
The Hitachi Data Systems customer support staff is available 24 hours a day,
seven days a week. If you need technical support, log on to the Hitachi Data
Systems Portal for contact information:
Comments
Please send us your comments on this document: doc.comments@hds.com.
Include the document title and number including the revision level (for
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1,024 PB or 1,0246 bytes
https://portal.hds.com.
Preface
xiii
example, -07), and refer to specific sections and paragraphs whenever
possible. All comments become the property of Hitachi Data Systems
Corporation.
Thank you!
xiv
Preface
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
LPAR manager Functions
This chapter explains the basic functions of LPAR manager.
LPAR manager Overview
□
Logical Partitioning
□
Logical Partitioning of Processors
□
Logical Partitioning of Memory
□
Logical Partitioning of PCI Devices
□
1
NIC (Network Interface Card)
□
FC (Fibre Channel)
□
USB/KVM
□
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-1
LPAR manager Overview
LPAR manager logically partitions the physical resources of one server blade
to create multiple server environments, each of which can operate
independently.
Each of the server environments constructed in this way from partitioned
physical resources is called an LPAR (Logical PARtition). It is possible to run a
different operating system on each LPAR simultaneously.
The operating system on an LPAR is called a guest OS. Each LPAR operates as
a completely independent and isolated server environment, and the guest OS
running on an LPAR is not affected by other LPARs.
The mode in which a server blade is logically partitioned to allow the
operation of multiple LPARs is called the LP mode. The conventional mode of
operating a server blade without partitioning is called the Basic mode.
Unless explicitly specified, the terms "physical" and "logical" are used in this
chapter as defined in the table below.
Table 1-1 Physical and Logical resources
Term Description
Physical Indicates the resources that actually exist in the system. "Physical" is
sometimes omitted, except where this would cause confusion.
Logical Indicates the logical resources that exist on an LPAR or for software on
LPARs. Thus, there may or may not exist an actual resource for each logical
resource.
An image when the system is booted in the LP mode is as follows:
Figure 1-1 System Activation in the LP mode
In addition, in this chapter:
1-2
• Symbols embraced by square brackets [ ] indicate keys on the keyboard.
• If two keys are joined by a "+", such as "A + B", it means the two keys
are to be pressed together
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Logical Partitioning
Dedicated Resources and Shared Resources
Although the LP mode makes it possible to logically partition the hardware
resources of a server blade, the method of logical partitioning varies
depending on the hardware resource.
Some types of logical partitioning are shown in the table below.
Term Description
Table 1-2 Type of Logical Partitioning
Typical
Hardware
Resources
Dedicated The LPAR to which a hardware resource
has been allocated dedicatedly uses the
hardware resource and other LPARs
cannot use the hardware resource.
To switch the LPAR that can use
resources, make sure to shut down the
LPAR once to change the configuration
definition.
Shared Time-shared The particular LPARs to which a hardware
resource has been allocated timeshare
the hardware resource.
LPAR manager keeps switching LPARs
that can use the device at very short time
intervals.
Exclusiveshared
One of the particular LPARs to which a
hardware resource has been allocated
exclusively uses the hardware resource.
The LPAR using the resource can be
switched dynamically.
Processors
Memories
PCI devices
Processors
PCI devices
Serial ports
USB devices
Remote
Console
Figure 1-2 Logical Partitioning of Hardware Resources
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-3
Logical Partitioning of Processors
The method of logically dividing the physical processor is referred to as the
scheduling mode. You can select dedicated mode or shared mode for the
scheduling mode. Different features of each mode are shown in the table
below.
Table 1-3 Processor Scheduling Mode
Mode Description
Dedicated
Mode
Shared
Mode
• The logical processor on an LPAR dedicatedly
uses the corresponding physical processor.
• Since there is no overhead for switching the
physical processors between the logical
processors, the LPAR performs faster.
• For each LPAR, it is possible to specify the
number of dedicated logical processors
assigned. (However, it is not possible to specify
more than the number of physical processors
available.)
• Physical processors are time-shared among the
logical processors defined in the LPAR for which
the shared mode is specified.
• The utilization rate of the physical processors
can be set dynamically for each LPAR, allowing
flexible use of physical processor resources.
• The number of logical processors to be used in
the shared mode can be set for each LPAR. (It
is possible to specify more than the number of
physical processors available, but this
operations may cause the extremely slow
down.)
Recommended
System
• System required
high processing
performance
• System required
critical time
period and high
processing in
performance
• System required
cost efficiency
and flexibility
rather than high
processing
performance
• System required
balanced
processing
between LPARs
1-4
Dedicated Mode
Example of Dedicated Mode is below
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Figure 1-3 Processor Assignment of Dedicated Mode
Shared Mode
Example of Dedicated Mode is below
Figure 1-4 Processor Assignment of Shared Mode
Scheduling mode dynamically change
Shared and dedicated LPARs can be switched dynamically without
deactivating.
a. The Scheduling mode of arbitrary Logical processor can be changed from
dedicated mode to shared mode.
b. The Scheduling mode of arbitrary Logical processor can be changed from
shared mode to dedicated mode.
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-5
Service Ratio
To the LPARs in the Shared Processor Mode, you can set the relative
processor resource allocation rate (called 'Service Ratio'), which represents
the ratio of the time period in which the LPAR actually run on the physical
processors (called 'Service Time'). The Service Ratio can be specified from 1
to 999.
LPAR manager partitions the performance of the physical processor used in
shared mode in 1 percent unit. LPAR manager calculates the relative
allocation rate of the service time with 10-millisecond time-slice accuracy,
which equals 1% of a unit processor time (1 second).
Service ratio has a meaning only to LPAR of shared mode. Service ratio does
not have any meaning to LPAR of shared mode, and cannot be assigned.
The examples of the relations between Service Ratio and allocation rate are
as follows.
(Example 1)
This example shows the allocation rates of LPAR1 (Service Ratio=100, the
number of the logical processors=2) and LPAR2 (Service Ratio=100, the
number of the logical processors=2) when the number of the physical
processor can be used by the shared mode LPARs is 3.
Figure 1-5 Scheduling mode dynamically change
1-6
Figure 1-6 Service Ratio Example 1
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
(Example 2)
This example shows the allocation rates of LPAR1 (Service Ratio=100, the
number of the logical processors=2), LPAR2 (Service Ratio=100, the number
of the logical processors=2) and LPAR3 (Service Ratio=100, the number of
the logical processors=3), when the number of the physical processor can be
used by the shared mode LPARs is 3, and LPAR3 is added while LPAR1 and
LPAR2 are running.
LPAR manager modifies the allocation rate from the shared LPAR definition
when it meets the following condition:
• If the allocation rate for the calculation per logical processor is less than 1
• If the number of logical processors allocated to a single LPAR does not
Idle Detection
A shared mode LPAR, which enabling its idle detection and not using so much
CPU compared to the allocated rate, can give its processor time to another
shared mode LPAR requiring it. The busy shared mode LPAR that takes over
the processor time can use more processor-time than the allocation rate. As a
result, the system can use CPUs time more efficiently.
Figure 1-7 Service Ratio Example 2
%, the service rate is compensated so that the time in which a single
logical processor uses the physical processor becomes 1% (10
milliseconds) of the unit processor time (1 second).
satisfy the assigned allocation rate, the allocation rate is compensated to
the one that is based on the number of logical processors.
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-7
Processor Capping
With the processor capping function on, the shared mode LPAR does not take
on the unused (idle) capacity of other LPARs even if the LPAR requires more
performance than its allocation rate (busy status). Therefore, the LPAR's
processor-time never uses more processor-time the allocation rate, even if it
is busy. However, because the LPAR manager allocation rate control allows a
tolerance of 1% for each unit of processor-time, a shared mode LPAR is
allocated a maximum processor-time that is 1% greater than the total service
time of the physical processors assigned to it, and may exceed the allocation
rate.
Note that the processor capping function does not affect the execution of the
dedicated mode LPARs. Also processor capping has a meaning only to LPAR of
shared mode. Processor capping does not have any meaning to LPAR of
dedicated mode, and it cannot assign.
Figure 1-8 Idle Detection
1-8
Figure 1-9 Processor Capping
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Processor Group
You can restrict the use of physical processors for a group of LPARs by
forming a group of physical processors with one processor at the least. Any
number can be defined as a number of a physical processor group. A
processor with no processor number defined belongs to the processor group
"0". A processor group number can be specified by the core.
Overview
A function which defines a processor core as a group and restricts the range
of a shared processor to being in a group. It is possible to restrict in a group
with effect of load-fluctuating by above mentioned. It is possible to define
group by every user section and charge to an allocated processor
performance.
Figure 1-10 Assignment of Processor Group
Change Group Assignment of Processor
Performance of processor group can be changed by changing group
assignment of processors. Definition of processor which changed group
assignment can change from shared mode to dedicated mode. Changing
group assignment of processor number 2 is shown below.
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-9
Figure 1-11 Change of Processor Group
Change Processor Group Assignment of LPAR
Assigned processor group can dynamically change to other group. All of
assigned processors to the LPAR have to define to shared mode before
changing the group.
Figure 1-12 Change Assignment of Processor Group
Hyper Threading
Total performance of the LPAR manager increases up to 20% by enabling
Hyper Threading definition.
The LPAR manager performance is affected by processor assignment.
Table 1-4 Processor Assignment Mode
Assignment Mode
(Processor Number)
LPAR1 LPAR2
Dedicated (2) Dedicated (4) Performance of LPARs not interfere each other.
Performance increases by assigning of even number processors.
1-10
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
LPAR manager Functions
Description
Assignment Mode
(Processor Number)
Description
LPAR1 LPAR2
Assign threads which are on the same core to the identical LPAR.
(Don't assign the threads to the different cores)
Proper assignment for Database servers / Application servers.
Dedicated (2) Dedicated (3) Processor number can be assigned more than physical number.
Odd or even number processors can be assigned to the one LPAR.
Proper assignment for File servers / Web servers
Dedicated (3) Dedicated (3) Not recommend (LPAR performance is affected from load of other
LPARs)
Dedicated (3) Dedicated (2) Not recommend (LPAR performance is affected from load of other
LPARs)
Dedicated (3) Dedicated (3) Not recommend (LPAR performance is affected from load of other
LPARs)
Assigned even number processors to LPAR with Dedicated mode.
Figure 1-13 Processor Assignment Mode 1
Assigned processors to LPAR with Shared mode.
Figure 1-14 Processor Assignment Mode 2
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-11
Assigned odd number processors to LPAR with Dedicated mode.
Figure 1-15 Processor Assignment Mode 3
Assigned odd number processors to LPAR with Dedicated / Shared
mixing mode.
PRTE
Figure 1-16 Processor Assignment Mode 4
Assigned odd number processors to LPAR with Shared / Dedicated
mixing mode.
Figure 1-17 Processor Assignment Mode 5
The PRTE function provides a timer that can be referred without intervention
of the LPAR manager.
1-12
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
We recommend that you basically set the PRTE function to "No": a default
value.
Enabling the PRTE function may bring performance improvement of programs
that frequently retrieve time, in Windows.
Note:
• Enabling this function brings guest OS operation different from that with
this function disabled. When you enable or disable the PRTE function, we
recommend that you evaluate guest OS behavior in advance.
Restriction
The following shows restrictions for this function.
• Do not assign more than 64 of logical processors to an LPAR with its PRTE
function enabled.
• Do not use the NIC teaming functionality an LPAR with its PRTE function
enabled.
Supported OS
The following OSs support the PRTE function.
Make sure not to set the PRTE function to "Yes" for other OSs.
• Windows Server 2012
• Windows Server 2012 R2
Method of setting the PRTE function
You are able to change the setting of the PRTE function only for deactivated
LPARs.
The method of setting the PRTE function is as follows.
1. Connect to the LPAR manager screen, and then display the Logical
Partition Configuration screen.
2. Use the F11 and F12 keys to scroll the page to the left and right. Place
the cursor on the PRTE column of the LPAR row, and then press Enter.
The sub-screen is displayed.
3. Select Yes, and then press Enter.
Logical Partitioning of Memory
The memory size to be allocated to each LPAR can be specified for each LPAR
(in multiples of 256 MB). Each guest OS has an exclusive use of the memory
assigned to its LPAR. LPAR manager automatically determines which physical
memory offset area(s) to allocate to an LPAR when the LPAR is activated.
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-13
Figure 1-18 Memory Mapping of Logical Partitioning
• Memory for LPAR manager
The following table describes the physical memories that are used with
LPAR manager.
Server blade type
CB 520H A1/B1/B2 2048 MB
CB 520H B3 2560 MB
CB 520H B4
CB 520A A1 2048 MB
CB 540A A1/B1 2048 MB
CB 520X B1/B2 3072 MB
CB 520X B3 6144 MB
Notes:
1. For the value of MM Config Base, see Table 5-2 Server Blade and EFI settings on
page 5-4
Amount of memory necessary for operating LPAR
manager
4096 MB (when MM Config Base is set to 2048 MB1)
6144 MB (when MM Config Base is set to 3072 MB1)
• Memory for logical firmware
Logical firmware uses a part of memory space assigned to each LPAR.
Memory that logical firmware uses, in general, can be estimated from the
following calculation formulas:
– [Less than 8 GB memory assigned to LPAR]
1-14
¢
0.6% of memory assigned to LPAR + number of logical processors x
2.25 MB + 65 MB
– [8 GB or larger memory assigned to LPAR]
¢
0.25% of memory assigned to LPAR + number of logical processors x
2.25 MB + 80 MB
• Memory for a guest OS
Memory space available for a guest OS is calculated by subtracting the
amount of memory the logical firmware uses from the amount assigned
to the LPAR. This memory size is usually same as the available memory
size for a guest OS (indicated memory size in a guest OS). However, all
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Note:
• When the amount of memory for a guest OS is not enough against the
Guest NUMA
Overview
NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access) is an architecture where memory is
shared in a multiprocessor computer system. To create an LPAR that meets
all of the conditions listed below, we recommend that you use a NUMA
configuration so you can easily improve memory access and memory
bandwidth. The NUMA running on an LPAR is called a guest NUMA.
• You are creating an LPAR on a server blade in an SMP configuration.
• You are creating an LPAR with the processor scheduling mode set to
allocated memory size may not be available depending on the
specification and environment of guest OS.
amount applications use, memory swap may happen to cause
performance degradation. When assigning an amount of memory, make
sure to take the memory amount.
dedicated mode.
LPAR manager supports the following two methods for configuring logical
processors for the guest NUMA: physical processor binding (for 02-0X or
later) and physical NUMA node binding (for 02-40 or later). Physical
processor binding is the method for associating logical processors with
physical processors. Physical NUMA node binding is the method for
associating logical processors with physical NUMA nodes. The table below
explains specific differences between these binding methods with regard to
how to configure an LPAR.
Item
How to set the
number of logical
processors
How to select a
physical processor to
be assigned to a
logical processor
Physical processor
binding
Sets the number of logical
processors in the entire
LPAR.
Before the LPAR is
activated, the user specifies
the number of the physical
processor that the user will
manually assign.
Physical NUMA node binding
Sets the number of logical
processors for each node
When the LPAR is activated, LPAR
manager selects, in the ascending
order of numbers, physical
processors that exist in the
automatically specified node and
can be assigned.
Setting up a guest NUMA
The following describes how to set up a guest NUMA:
If the physical processor binding is used, follow the procedure below.
1. Configure the NUMA for the EFI.
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
1-15
Make sure that the NUMA setting for the EFI is enabled on the Web
console.
For details, see the Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Web Console User's
Guide.
2. Check the guest NUMA support of LPAR manager.
Make sure that the LPAR manager firmware version is 02-0X or later.
For details, see
3. Configure the guest NUMA for the LPAR.
Enable the guest NUMA setting of the LPAR.
For details, see
4. Specify the method for configuring logical processors for the guest NUMA.
For the LPAR manager firmware version 02-2x or earlier:
Can not changed configuring logical processors for the guest NUMA.
Always behavior physical processor binding.
For the LPAR manager firmware version 02-40 or later:
Specify physical processor binding as the method for configuring logical
processors for the guest NUMA. Note that the default method is the
physical processor binding if you change the guest NUMA setting from
"disabled" to "enabled".
For details, see the HVM Management Command (HvmSh) Operation
Guide.
5. Set the processor scheduling mode.
Set the processor scheduling mode to dedicated mode.
For details, see
6. Specify the number of logical processors.
Specify the number of logical processors in the entire LPAR. For details,
Logical Partition Configuration on page 7-9.
see
If you want to assign processors from multiple nodes, you must ensure
that each of the nodes will have the same number of processors assigned.
7. Assign a processor.
Specify the number of logical processors in the entire LPAR.
For details, see
For details about the node to which the physical processor belongs, see
Physical Processor Configuration on page 7-32.
8. Specify the memory.
Manually specify the memory on the node to which the physical processor
belongs.
For details, see
Firmware Version Information on page 7-131.
Logical Partition Configuration on page 7-9.
Logical Partition Configuration on page 7-9.
Logical Processor Configuration on page 7-28.
Logical Partition Configuration on page 7-9.
1-16
If the physical NUMA node binding is used, follow the procedure below.
1. Configure the NUMA for the EFI.
Make sure that the NUMA setting for the EFI is enabled on the Web
console.
For details, see the Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Web Console User's
Guide.
LPAR manager Functions
Hitachi Compute Blade 500 Series Logical partitioning manager User's Guide
Loading...