Hanna Instruments HI 84430 User Manual

Instruction Manual

HI 84430

TOTAL ACIDITY

MINITITRATOR & pH METER

for Water Analysis

www.hannainst.com

1

Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. This manual will provide you with the necessary

information for the correct use of the instrument. Please read it carefully before using the meter.
If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at [e-mail].

This instrument is in compliance with

directives.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION................................................................................................. 4

GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 4

SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................... 6

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION .................................................................................................... 8

FUNCTIONAL AND PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................. 9

TITRATOR STARTUP ........................................................................................................... 11

SETUP CONFIGURATION MENU .......................................................................................... 12

ELECTRODE PREPARATION .................................................................................................. 18

ELECTRODE CALIBRATION PROCEDURE................................................................................. 19

pH BUFFER TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE ............................................................................ 23

PUMP TUBE INSTALLATION................................................................................................. 24

PURGE .............................................................................................................................. 24

PUMP CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ........................................................................................ 26

TITRATION PROCEDURE ..................................................................................................... 29

pH MEASUREMENT ............................................................................................................ 34

TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION PROCEDURE (for technical personnel only) ............................... 38

PC INTERFACE ................................................................................................................... 40

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE ................................................................................................ 44

ELECTRODE CONDITIONING & MAINTENANCE ...................................................................... 45

ACCESSORIES ..................................................................................................................... 46

WARRANTY........................................................................................................................47

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent
of the copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895, USA.

32

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any
damage occurred during shipment, please notify your Dealer.
Each HI 84430 minititrator is supplied complete with:

• HI 1131B pH electrode

• HI 7071 Filling solution (30 mL)

• HI 7662-M Temperature probe

• HI 84430-50 Titrant low range (100 mL)

• HI 84430-51 Titrant high range (100 mL)

• HI 84430-55M Pump calibration solution (230 mL)

• HI 84430-58 Additional reagent (30 mL)

• HI 7061 Cleaning solution

• HI 7001M pH 1.68 buffer solution (230 mL)

• HI 7004M pH 4.01 buffer solution (230 mL)

• HI 70083M pH 8.30 buffer solution (230 mL)

• Two 100 mL beakers

• Two tube sets with dispensing tip

• Stir bars (medium 2 pcs.)

• 12 Vdc power adapter

• Instruction manual

Note:Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly.

Any defective item must be returned in its original packing.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The HI 84430 is an easy to use microprocessor-based automatic minititrator and pH meter designed
for the rapid and accurate analysis of Total Titratable Acidity in water. By eliminating subjective
factors including color indicators, errors in mathematical calculations or erratic titrant additions from
the measurement, the HI 84430 makes Total Titratable acidity analysis precisely. This will quickly
become a valuable analysis tool of waters and waste waters.

The instrument benefits from Hanna’s many years of experience as manufacturer of quality analytical
instruments. A clear and well-designed user interface makes the instrument intuitive and simple to
use. A dedicated HELP key aids in set-up, calibration, status and troubleshooting.

By simply pressing the START key, the HI 84430 automatically starts pump operation and titrates
the sample to the end point. The HI 84430 has a simple and accurate peristaltic pump to ensure the
best accuracy and repeatability. By performing pump calibration with the Hanna standard provided,
the instrument accuracy is assured.

The instrument employs a powerful and effective built-in algorithm to analyze the pH response to
determine the exact pH endpoint, then uses this to make the necessary calculations. The Titratable
Acidity determination is instantaneously displayed in selected measurement units on the large dot
matrix display. The instrument is ready for the next analysis immediately.

Other features:

• Log on demand up to 100 samples (50 for pH measurement; 50 for titration results)

• GLP feature, to view last calibration data for pH electrode and pump

• PC interface via USB connection

MEASUREMENT SIGNIFICANCE

Acidity is the quantitative capacity of the water sample to react with a strong base solution in order
to obtain a pH end point value. Acids contribute to the corrosive capacity of the water, influence the
chemical reaction rates and biological processes.
The results of acidity measurement also reflect the quality of the waters (surface, drinking, waste
waters) and are an essential monitoring device to define and control the pollution. Strong acids
(such as mineral acids: HNO

, H2SO4, HCl) and weak acids (such as organic acids), carbon dioxide

3

content in water, or others acid components (some polyvalent cations such as aluminium, iron,
manganesse, chromium, cadmium trivalent cations) can contribute to the acidity of water. According
to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Waters and Wastewaters, Volume 20, three options
exist to determine water acidity:

• pH measurement using the meter in pH mode.

• Strong acidity determination by titration of the water samples with alkaline reagent to a

3.7 pH end point (known as methyl orange acidity).

• Total acidity determination by titration of the water samples with alkaline reagent to a

8.3 pH end point (known as phenolphthalein acidity).

Potentiometric end point determination, using a pH electrode, is more objective than visual end
point determination, using color changing indicators. The HI 84430 is a potentiometric titrator.
The volume of dispensing titrant necessary to reach the end point is used to calculate the water
acidity, expressed in mg/L as CaCO

(most usual unit) or meq/L as CaCO3.

3

Interferences:

• dissolved gases, lost or gained during sample storage or transport, can modify the acidity

of the samples;

• the presence in the samples of: precipitates, solids suspensions, oils;

• samples containing polyvalent cations (aluminum, iron, manganese, chromium) may

react slowly with the titrant causing a drifting end point;

To eliminate or diminish the interference effects, it is recommended:

• to treat the samples that contain polyvalent cations with hydrogen peroxide in order to

increase the hydrolyzing rate of metal ions present.

• to protect the samples against atmospheric action (store in an airtight vessel).

• to avoid vigorous shaking or mixing: stir gently.

54

SPECIFICATIONS

Titrator Range Titratable acidity (low range)

: 15.0 - 500.0 mg/L as CaCO

mg/L
meq/L : 0.3 - 10.0 meq/L as CaCO
Titratable acidity (high range)

: 400 - 4000 mg/L as CaCO

mg/L
meq/L : 8 - 80 meq/L as CaCO

3

3

Resolution Titratable acidity (low range):

0.1 mg/L

0.1 meq/L
Titratable acidity (high range):
1mg/L

1meq/L
Accuracy 5% of reading
Titration method Acid-base titration (total acidity / strong acidity)
Principle End point titration : 8.3 pH / 3.7 pH
Pump debit 0.5 mL/min
Stirring speed 600 rpm
Log data Up to 50 samples

pH meter pH meter -2.0 to 16.0 pH / -2.00 to 16.00 pH

pH Resolution: 0.1 pH / 0.01 pH
pH Accuracy: ± 0.01 pH
pH Calibration: 1, 2 or 3 calibration points;

3 available buffers (1.68; 4.01; 8.30)
Temperature manual or automatic from

compensation: -20 to 120 °C (-4 to 248 °F)
Log data Up to 50 samples

Temperature Range -20.0 to 120.0 °C (-4.0 to 248.0 °F)

Resolution 0.1 °C
Accuracy ±0.4 °C without probe error

Electrode HI 1131B (included)

3

3

Temperature Probe HI 7662-M (included)
Environment 0 to 50 °C (32 to 122 °F); max 95% RH non-condensing
Power supply 12 Vdc power adapter
Dimensions 208 × 214 × 163 mm (8.2×8.4×6.4”) (with beaker)
Weight 2200 g (77 oz.)

REQUIRED REAGENTS
Code Description Quantity/Test

HI 84430 - 50 Titrant (Low Range) 1 mL
HI 84430 - 51 Titrant (High Range) 1 mL
HI 84430 - 55M Pump Calibration Solution 2 mL for low range

20 mL for high range

76

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

Water acidity determination is based on the neutralization of all acidic species contained in water
samples by titration with base solutions (the titrant alkaline reagent):

+

H

+OH-  H2O
In an ideal solution, the end point of an acid titration corresponds stoichiometrically to the complete
neutralization of the acids present.
Water acidity results from strong and weak acids, and from the hydrolysis of salts. Due to these
more complex mixtures, end points for water acidity are arbitrarily fixed on practical considerations.
Unpolluted surface waters contain carbon dioxide as the main acidic component and titration of
these samples corresponds to stoichiometric neutralization of carbonic acid (titration to 8.3 pH at
25°C degrees). Strong acidity of the polluted waters is determined by titration to 3.7 pH. If the
samples are suspected to contain hydrolizable salts or polyvalent cations (such as chromium, iron,
manganese), it is necessary to pretreat the samples with a HI 84430-58 reagent (see Sample
preparation /Titration).
A potentiometric acid-base titration employs an indicator electrode (such as a pH sensor) to establish
the end point of the titration.
The HI 84430 minititrator is designed to determine the acidity of waters by potentiometric titration
in a low range (15-500mg/mL as CaCO
Both Strong and Total acidity can be determined by the HI 84430, however the actual sample pH
may limit your choice. If the measured pH is lower than 3.7 both total and strong acidity can be
determined. If the sample pH is greater than 3.7 only total acidity can be determined.
The HI 84430 utilizes two different titrant solutions to cover the entire measurement range. The
titrants used have different concentrations, appropriate for each work range. Low Range measurements
use HI 84430-50 titrant. High Range measurements use HI 84430-51 titrant. If the range is
changed, the titrant and the tube set must be changed and the peristaltic pump must be purged and
recalibrated. The standard solution (HI 84430-55M) is used for pump calibration for both working
ranges, but the pump calibration solution volume used is different.

Titratable Acidity in waters, as performed on the HI 84430 minititrator, utilizes a simple sample
preparation, a high quality peristaltic dosing pump for titrant, potentiometric endpoint detector and
instantaneaous computations. To maintain the high precision of the titrator, a simple pump calibra­tion procedure is required. A range change requires different titrant and a pump recalibration. The
pump calibration involves the analysis of a known volume of a known solution (standard provided)
and compensates for changes in pump dosing that may occur due to many factors including tube
stretching or aging. This procedure should be performed regularly.

) and in a high range (400-4000mg/mL as CaCO3).

3

FUNCTIONAL AND PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

OVERHEAD VIEWOVERHEAD VIEW

OVERHEAD VIEW

OVERHEAD VIEWOVERHEAD VIEW

1. Titrant bottle

2. Graphic LCD

3. Keypad

4. Dedicated guide tube
for Temperature Probe

5. Electrode holder

6. Dedicated guide tube for titrant tip

7. Peristaltic pump tube

REAR VIEWREAR VIEW

REAR VIEW

REAR VIEWREAR VIEW

8. Temperature probe

9. pH Electrode

10. Beaker

11. BNC electrode connector

12. Temperature probe socket

13. USB connector

14. Power switch

15. Power adapter connector

16. Peristaltic pump

FRONT VIEWFRONT VIEW

FRONT VIEW

FRONT VIEWFRONT VIEW

98

KEYPAD FUNCTION AND INDICATORS

ESC - used to leave the current screen and to return either to the previous screen or to the

main screen. When pressed while modifying a parameter within the SETUP menu,
exits parameter without changing it.

/

- used to modify the parameters’ values, to scroll the information displayed while

viewing a help or to move between the options from the instrument’s SETUP

HELP - used to access/leave the instrument’s contextual help
MENU - used to enter SETUP, Recall or GLP selection menu, while instrument is in pH or

Titration main screen
STIR - used to start/stop the stirrer.
Note: The stirer starts automatically during pump calibration and titration and cannot be
stopped by pressing STIR key.

GUIDE TO INDICATORS

During the instrument’s operation a set of information is displayed on the LCD.
Displayed icons:

Unstable reading.
Stirrer on.

1

2

3

4

5

Pump running.

Parameter can be changed.

9

8

7

6

5. Functional key area

6. Indicates that the displayed value can be changed using ARROW keys

7. Temperature value (

°C, °F)

8. pH temperature compensation mode (Manual or Automatic)

9. Stirrer and reading status area

PERISTALTIC PUMP

Peristaltic pumps are self priming. Liquid never contacts the pump components. The titrant tubing
is pressed along the rotating rollers of the pump. The rollers compress the tubing, driving the
titrant to the dispensing tip.

TITRATOR STARTUP

This is a general outline of the steps required to make a titration. The following sections expand
upon each section.

• Place the instrument on a flat table. Do not place the instrument in direct sun light.

• Connect the power adapter to the instrument.

• Turn the instrument ON using the power switch from the rear panel of the instrument.

• Set up the instrument. See the “Setup Configuration Menu” section for details. Pay attention
to the Acidity Type.

• Connect the pH electrode and the temperature probe to the instrument.

• Calibrate the pH electrode. At least a single point calibration is necessary for titration.

• Place the peristaltic pump tube on the pump (inlet tube is connected with the reagent bottle,
outlet tube is connected with the dosing tip). See the “Pump Tube Replacement” section for
the procedure.

• Remove the reagent bottle cap and replace the bottle cap with the tubes. Place the reagent
bottle in the appropriate place on the titrator top.

• Purge the titrant.

• Calibrate the pump.

• Prepare the sample.

• Run a titration and log sample results.

1. Current time and instrument mode information (pH meter or Titrator)

2. pH electrode condition information

3. Main reading information

4. Instrument status information

1110

SETUP CONFIGURATION MENU

Calibration timeout

The titrator’s setup configuration menu may be accessed from the pH or titration screens by
pressing the MENU key, then Setup.

A list of setup parameters will be displayed with currently configured setting.
While in the setup menu it is possible to modify the instrument’s operation parameters. The

ARROW keys permit the user to scroll the setup parameters.
Press HELP to view the contextual help.
Press ESC to return to the main screen.

Concentration unit

Options: mg/L, meq/L.

Press the corresponding function key to change the
option.

Acidity type

Options: Total LR (total acidity low range)

Total HR (total acidity high range)
Strong LR (strong acidity low range)
Strong HR (strong acidity high range)

Press the corresponding function key to change

the option.
From your knowledge of expected concentrations, use the table below to determine which
settings are appropriate:

epyTytidicARLlatoTRLgnortSRHlatoTRHgnortS

OCaCL/gmegnartnemerusaeM

3

OCaCL/qem

3

)M55-03448IH(noitulosnoitarbilacpmuP Lm2Lm2Lm02Lm02

deriuqertnartiT 05-03448IH05-03448IH15

)Lm(eziselpmaS 05050505

elpmasfoHpmuminiM 3.8<7.3<3.8<7.3<

noitartitfotniopdnE Hp3.8Hp7.3Hp3.8Hp7.

005-51005-510004-0040004-004

00.01-3.00.01-3.08-808-8

-03448IH15-03448IH

3

pH resolution

Temperature unit

Backlight

Options: Disabled or 1 to 7 days.

This option is used to set the number of days before
the pH calibration expired warning message is flagged.

Press Modify to access the calibration timeout
value modify parameter.

Use the ARROW keys in order to increase/decrease
the value.

Press Accept to confirm or ESC to return to the
setup menu without saving the new value.

Options: 0.1, 0.01.
Press the displayed function key in order to change

the pH resolution.

Options:

°

C, °F.

Press the function key in order to change the
temperature unit.

Options: 0 to 8.
Press Modify to access the backlight level.

Use Total LR or Strong LR for waters acidity in the 15 - 500 mg/L range.
Use Total HR or Strong HR for waters acidity in the 400 - 4000 mg/L range.
Use the appropriate titrant for each range.
Also, the pump must be recalibrated when the measurement range is changed.

1312

Use the ARROW keys or
increase/decrease the displayed constrast.

Press Accept to confirm or ESC to return to the
setup menu.

/ in order to

Time format

Option: AM/PM or 24 hours.

Press the functional key to select the new value.

Contrast

Date / Time

Option: 0 to 20.

This option is used to set the display’s contrast.
Press Modify to change the display’s contrast.

Use the ARROW keys or
increase/decrease the value.

Press Accept to confirm the value or ESC to return
to the setup menu.

This option is used to set the instrument’s date and
time.

Press Modify to change the date/time.

Press / to highlight the value to be modified
(year, month, day, hour, minute or second). Use
the ARROW keys to change the value.

Press Accept to confirm the new value or ESC to
return to the setup.

/ in order to

Date format

Press Modify to change the Date Format.

Use the ARROW keys to select the desired format.
Press Accept to confirm the value or ESC to

return to the setup menu.

Language

Press the corresponding function key to change the
language.

If the new selected language cannot be loaded, the
previously selected language will be reloaded.

If no language can be loaded at startup the instrument
will work in the “safe mode”. In “safe mode” all
the messages are displayed in English and tutorial
and help information are not available.

Tutorial

This option is used to enable/disable tutorial mode.
If enabled this option will provide the user short

guides on the screen.
Press the function key to select this option.

1514

Beep On

Instrument ID

Press the function key to select the new option. When
enabled, a short beep is heard every time a key is
pressed or when the calibration can be confirmed.

A long beep alert sounds when the pressed key is
not active or a wrong condition is detected while in
calibration.

Option: 0 to 9999.
This option is used to set the instrument’s ID. The

instrument ID is used while exchanging data with a
PC.

Press Modify to access the instrument ID screen.
Press ARROW in order to select the desired value

between 0 and 9999. Press Accept to confirm the
value or ESC to return to the setup menu without
saving the new value.

Meter information

Press Select to view the firmware version, language
version, mV factory calibration date and time and
temperature factory calibration date and time.

Press ESC to return to the Setup mode.

Baud rate

Options: 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200,
38400 bps.

This parameter is used for setting the speed of the
serial link between the instrument and a PC. Both
must use the same setting.

Press Modify to access the baud rate screen. Use

ARROW to scroll through baud rate values and press
Accept to confirm the selection or ESC to return to

the setup menu without saving the new value.

1716

ELECTRODE PREPARATION

ELECTRODE CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

PREPARATION PROCEDURE

Remove the electrode protective cap.
DO NOT BE ALARMED IF ANY SALT DEPOSITS ARE PRESENT. This is normal with electrodes and
they will disappear when rinsed with distilled water.
During transport tiny bubbles of air may have formed inside the glass bulb. The electrode cannot
function properly under these conditions. These bubbles can be removed by "shaking down" the
electrode as you would do with a glass thermometer.
If the bulb is dry, soak the electrode in HI 70300 Storage Solution for at least one hour.

It is recommended to calibrate the instrument frequently, especially if high accuracy is required.
The pH electrode should be recalibrated:

a) Whenever the pH electrode is replaced
b) At least once a week
c) After testing aggressive chemicals and after electrode is cleaned
d) When high accuracy is required

e) If the pH calibration expired warning is displayed during measurement. Every time
you calibrate the instrument clean the electrode (see the “pH Cleaning Procedure” section) and
use fresh buffers.

PROCEDURE

A single, two or three-points calibration can be performed, using the three predefined buffers

1.68, 4.01 and 8.30 pH. For a single point calibration any of the three buffers may be used,
but using 8.30 pH is recommended.
Note: The HI 84430 will not accept other pH buffers for calibration.

•

Pour small quantities of selected buffer solutions into clean beakers. For accurate calibration

use two beakers for each buffer solution, the first one for rinsing the electrode and the second
one for calibration.

• Put a magnetic stir bar in each beaker with the calibration buffer solution.

•

Remove the protective cap, open the fill hole and rinse the electrodes with some of the buffer

solution to be used for the first calibration point.

• Put the first beaker with calibration buffer in the beaker holder.

• Place the electrode holder on the top of the beaker and secure it by turning clockwise.

•

Insert the temperature probe into the dedicated tube guide.

•

Immerse the pH electrode and the temperature probe approximately 2 cm (0.8”) into the
buffer paying attention not to touch the stir bar.

To select Electrode calibration screen follow the next steps:

• From pH meter

• From Titrator

• The electrode calibration screen will be displayed.

screen press CAL function key then Electrode.

screen press CAL function key then Electrode.

Point 1 calibration

The 8.30 buffer will be selected by default. If necessary press the ARROW keys in order to

•

select a different buffer value.

•

The (unstable measurement) symbol will be shown on the display until the reading becomes stable.

1918

•

When the reading is stable and close to the selected buffer, the (unstable measurement)

symbol will disappear and the Confirm key will become active.

•

Press Confirm to confirm the calibration.

•

Press ESC to exit calibration.

The calibrated value will be shown on the display and the third expected buffer value will be

•

automatically selected.

•

After the second calibration point has been confirmed, press ESC to exit without performing the

third calibration point.

Point 3 calibration

• Remove the electrode holder with electrodes from the top of the beaker.

• Place the third buffer solution in a beaker and place in beaker holder. Rinse the probes in a

beaker with third buffer rinsing solution.

• Place the electrode holder (with electrode) in the beaker with third buffer and secure top by

locking. Press STIR.

ARROW

• If necessary press the

•

The (unstable measurement) symbol will be shown on the display until the reading
becomes stable.

• When the reading is stable and close to the selected buffer, the

symbol will disappear and the Confirm key will become active.

keys in order to select correct buffer value.

(unstable measurement)

Notes: •

Point 2 calibration

•

• Remove the electrode holder with electrodes from the top of the beaker.

•

•

•

•

•

•

To clear a previous calibration and to return to the default value, press Clear at any time
after entering calibration mode. The “Calibration cleared” message will be shown for
a few seconds on the display. If Clear is invoked during the first calibration point the
instrument returns to the measurement mode.

• The Clear key is displayed only if a previous calibration exists.

The calibrated value will be shown on the display and the second expected buffer value will be displayed.

Place the second buffer into the beaker and place in beaker holder. Rinse the electrodes in a
beaker containing the second buffer rinsing solution.

Place the electrode holder (with electrodes) on the top of the beaker, lock cap by turning.

If necessary press the ARROW keys in order to select a different buffer value.
The (unstable measurement) symbol will be shown on the display until the reading becomes stable.
When the reading is stable and close to the selected buffer, the (unstable measurement)

symbol will disappear and the Confirm key will become active.

Press Confirm to confirm the calibration.

• Press Confirm to confirm the calibration. The instrument stores the calibration value and returns to pH

meter/titrator calibration menu, where the date and time for the last pH calibration will be updated.

Notes:

•

A buffer confirmed during the calibration process is removed from the list of calibration buffers

available for further calibration points.

•

If the value measured by the instrument is not close to the selected buffer a “Wrong Buffer”

error message will be shown on the display.

Check if the correct buffer has been used or regenerate the pH electrodes by following the
Cleaning Procedure (see the “pH Cleaning Procedure” section). If necessary change the buffer
or the electrode.

2120

•

If the measured offset isn’t within the preset limits the meter will display the message “Buffer

Contaminated” alternatively with ”Electrode Dirty/Broken”.

•

If the computed slope isn’t within the preset limits the meter will display the message “Wrong

Slope”. If the slope is too high the symbol
symbol

•

If the “Wrong Old Slope” error message is displayed, an inconsistency exists between the

will be displayed.

will be displayed. If the slope is too low the

current and the previous (old) calibration. Clear the calibration parameters by pressing Clear
and proceed with calibration from the current calibration point. The instrument will keep all the

pH BUFFER TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE

The temperature has an effect on pH. The calibration buffer solutions are affected by temperature changes
to a lesser degree than normal solutions. During calibration the instrument will automatically calibrate to
the pH value corresponding to the measured or set temperature.

During calibration the instrument will display the pH buffer value at 25

PMETSREFFUBHp

C°F°86.110.403.8

023 76.110.484.8

514 76.100.444.8

0105 76.100.414.8

5195 76.100.473.8

0286 86.100.433.8

5277 86.110.403.8

368 86.120.472.8

0

5359 96.130.442.8

04401 96.140.412.8

°C.

confirmed values during the current calibration point.

•

If the temperature reading is out of the defined temperature range of the buffer (0 to 45°C)

°

the “Wrong Buffer Temperature” error message will be displayed, and the symbol

C will

blink on the display. Calibration cannot be confirmed in this situation.

2322

PUMP TUBE INSTALLATION

To mount the new peristaltic pump tube set follow next steps:

• Position one peristaltic pump fixing ring on its location.

• Stretch the tube over the peristaltic pump rolls.

• Attach the second pump fixing ring on its location.

• Attach the tube to the reagent bottle. Choose which titrant
is required for expected range. See table in Acidity
Type section.

Note: Purge the peristaltic pump until drops of reagent appears on the dosing tip by pressing the

PURGE key from the titrator main screen.

To remove the tube of the peristaltic pump follow next steps:
Caution: Purge line with water to remove titrant solution from tube.

• Detach the tubes system from the reagent bottle.

• Grasp one fixing ring of the peristaltic pump tube.

• Pull the tube until the fixing rings are taken out from their location.

• Remove the other side of the tube.

PURGE

Purging should be performed:

• whenever the tube of the peristaltic pump is replaced;

• whenever the titrant is changed or a new bottle of titrant is used;

• before starting a pump calibration;

• before starting a lot of titrations.

In order to start purging press the Purge key from the titrator main screen. The purging stops
automatically after 5 minutes.
To access the Purge key follow the next steps.

• From the instrument main screen (pH meter screen) press “Titrator” function key.

•

Press CAL to access the titration calibration menu where electrode and pump calibration may be accessed.

•

Press HELP to view the contextual help.

•

Press Continue or ESC to skip the message and enter titrator main screen.

•

Press Purge to begin a purge cycle.

The purging stops automatically after 5 minutes.
To stop purging at any time and return to the main screen press ESC or Stop.
During a purge, a countdown timer displays remaining time in 5 minute purge.

• Press Pause to interrupt the purge process.

• Press Pause or Stop (by pressing the corresponding function key in the purge screen)

• after the first drops of fresh titrant appear at the dosing tip

• in case an error condition is observed (empty titrant bottle, tubes or dosing tip
disconnected, pump error)

• if you want to resume at a later time

If Pause is pressed the next screen is displayed:

The instrument will display the next screen if tutorial is enabled and if any of the following
conditions exist:

- the meter hasn’t been calibrated in 8.30 pH buffer

- the pH calibration has expired

- a pump calibration hasn’t been performed or more than 3 days have passed since the last
pump calibration

Press Resume to continue purging.

2524

After the 5 minutes purging interval has elapsed the “Completed” message is displayed. Another
purge period can be initiated by pressing Restart or press Esc to return to main titrator screen.

PUMP CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

Note: The chemical reagents may be hazardous if improperly
handled. Read Health and Safety Data Sheets before performing
the test.

• From the titrator main screen press CAL.

Please set up the instrument before performing the pump calibration.

•

Select the acidity type in SETUP menu to correspond with expected sample:

TINU

L/gm 0.005ot0.510004ot004

L/qem 0.01ot3.008ot8

egnaRwoL

)elpmasLm05(

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The calibration of the pump must be performed each time the pump tube, the reagent bottle or
the pH electrode is changed. It is recommended to perform the pump calibration before each set
of titrations.

Verify: The electrode has been calibrated in 8.30 pH buffer.

• Sample preparation:

Precisely measure the amount of HI 84430-55 Pump Calibration

Solution as indicated below and add to a clean beaker:

Low Range (Strong LR, Total LR) - 2 ml
High Range (Strong HR, Total HR) -20 ml

Fill the beaker up to the 50 mL mark with the distilled or
deionized water. Place the stir bar into the beaker and then place
the beaker in the appropriate place on the instrument top.

• Place the electrode holder on the top of the beaker and secure
it by turning clockwise.

• Immerse the pH electrode approximatively 2 cm (0.8”) into
the standard paying attention not to touch the stir bar.

• Insert the temperature probe into the dedicated guide tube.

• Verify if the titrant correspondes to selected titration range.
For Low Range (Strong LR, Total LR) use the HI 84430-50.
For High Range (Strong HR, Total HR) use the HI 84430-51.

• Carefuly insert the dosing tip into the dedicated guide tube.

The instrument displays the date and time of the last electrode calibration, and the date and
time of the last pump calibration, or calibration expired messages.

Press Pump.

•
The next screen will be displayed.

•

Press Start.

•

After the pump calibration is started, on the upper right side of the display two animations will be

shown in order to indicate that the pump and the stirrer are working. On the lower right side of
the display is shown the amount of time that has passed since the beginning of the calibration.

2726

•

After the pump calibration is complete a confirmation message is displayed for a few seconds,

then the instrument will return to the titrator calibration menu and will display the new time and
date for the last pump calibration.

•

Notes:

The calibration of the pump is dependent on acidity range selected during SETUP.

•

If an erroneous situation is encountered during the calibration, an error message is

displayed and the calibration can be restarted by pressing Restart.

•

If the calibration doesn’t complete within 6 minutes the error message “Too much

standard” will be displayed and the calibration can be restarted by pressing Restart
after a new standard is prepared.

TITRATION PROCEDURE

Verify: The instrument has been calibrated (pH and pump) before performing a lot of titrations.

An electrode calibration in at least one point (8.30 pH buffer) is recommended.

• Sample preparation: For all measurement samples,
pour 50 mL of sample into the beaker provided. Place the
stir bar into the beaker and then place the beaker in the
appropriate place on the instrument top.

Notes: • Water samples must be collected and stored in

capped botlles. Avoid disturbing any sediment in
the sample.

• For samples containing metallic ions (iron,
aluminium, chromium, manganesse) it is neccesary
to add few drops (4-5) of an additional reagent
(HI 84430-58) in order to increase the rate of
hydrolysis at the metal ions present. Boil the
solution 2-4 minute and cool to room temperature
before titration.

• Place the electrode holder on the top of the beaker and
secure it by turning clockwise.

• Insert the temperature probe into the dedicated guide
tube.

• Immerse the pH electrode approximatively 2 cm (0.8”) into
the sample to be tested paying attention not to touch the
stir bar. Use O-Rings provided to secure the pH electrode
in holder.

• Insert the dosing tip in the appropriate holder place.

2928

• From the titrator main screen press Titration. To enter titrator main screen from pH meter
mode press Titrator and then Titration. If the tutorial is enabled this screen will be shown.

•

Press Start to begin the titration process.

•

After the titration is started two animations will be shown on the upper right side of the display

to indicate that the pump and the stirrer are running. On the lower right side of the display is
shown the period of time since the titration has been started.

•

After the titration is complete, the concentration value is displayed in the selected unit.

Note: If the end-point is not reached or it is not recognized or the input reading is out of range,

an error message will be displayed. The titration can be restarted after a new sample is
prepared by pressing Restart.

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

• Calibrate the instrument in 8.30 pH buffer solution at least once a day, before you start to
perform measurements.

•

Purge the peristaltic pump to have the fresh titrant when starting a new calibration.

•

Calibrate the peristaltic pump daily before performing a set of analyses.

• Clean the electrode in order to remove the possible coating from bulb.

• Precision of the measurement can be improved by using volumetric pipets for standard and
sample additions.

VIEW/DELETE TITRATOR RECORDED LOG DATA

Press MENU key while in Titrator main screen.

•

Press Unit to change the display unit.

•

Press LOG to record the concentration value into the instrument’s memory.

A message will be displayed for a few seconds indicating the amount of the free log space. 50
log samples can be recorded in the instrument’s memory. When the titrator free log space is
under 12% the message will be shown permanently.

•

If the concentration is out of limits an exceeded range limit message will be displayed blinking

and the message “Out of range” will be shown. Another titration can be initiated by pressing
Restart. Prepare a fresh sample and then press Restart.

Press Recall to access the titrator recorded data.
The instrument will display a list of all the titration records stored in the titration log.
Use the ARROW keys to scroll the stored records list.
If the saved concentration was out of range the “!” symbol is displayed in front of the reading.

3130

Press Delete to enter record deleting mode.
Press Delete All to enter all records deleting mode.
Press More to view more information.

Press Unit to convert the result to other unit.

Use the ARROW keys when

is displayed to scroll between the log records.

Press ESC to return to the previous screen.
If Delete was pressed the instrument will ask for confirmation.

Use the ARROW keys to focus on the record to be deleted.
Press Confirm to delete the record or ESC to return to the previous screen.
Deleting a record will renumber the list of records.

If Delete All was pressed the instrument will ask for confirmation.

TITRATOR GLP INFORMATION

Press MENU while in Titration mode and then GLP.

From this screen it is possible to select between viewing the electrode GLP or the pump GLP.
Press GLP elec. to view the electrode’s last calibration parameters and date.
Press GLP pump to view the pump’s last calibration time and date.
If GLP elec. is pressed one of the next screens will be displayed.

GLP contains a set of information regarding electrode calibration. The following items are included
in electrode GLP: the time and date of the last calibration, offset, slope, electrode condition,
calibration timeout and the calibration buffers. The buffers displayed in video inverse mode are from
the previous calibration.

If a calibration hasn’t been performed the message “Not Calibrated” will be displayed.

Press Confirm to delete all the records or ESC to return to the previous screen.

If the titrator log is empty the message “No Records!” will be displayed.

If GLP pump is pressed, one of the next screens is displayed.

3332

The pump GLP displays the Time and Date of the last pump calibration.
If a calibration hasn’t been performed the message “Not Calibrated” will be displayed.

pH MEASUREMENT

The HI 84430 may be used as a pH meter for direct measurements.
Verify that the instrument has been calibrated before taking pH measurements. Set the instrument

to pH meter. At power up the instrument enters pH meter mode. From titrator mode press ESC
until pH units are displayed.

If an electrode calibration hasn’t been performed, or the number of days exceedes calibration time
out value set, the message “CAL DUE” will blink on the left side of the display (see Calibration
timeout option in Setup for details).

If CAL DUE is displayed perform an electrode calibration.
Place calibrated pH electrode into electrode holder. Open the fill hole.
Rinse the pH tip with distilled or deionized water. Immerse the pH electrode (bottom 2 cm / 0.8”)
in the sample and stir gently for a few seconds.
For a faster response and to avoid cross-contamination of the samples, rinse the electrode tip
with a few drops of the solution to be tested, before taking measurements. Press LOG to record
sample pH in instrument pH log.

Press MENU to access the instrument’s menu.

Press LOG to memorize the current reading. A message indicating the free log space will be
displayed for a few seconds.

In order to take pH measurements follow the next steps:

•

Submerge the pH bulb 2 cm (0,8’’) and the temperature probe into the sample to be tested

and stir gently. Allow time for the electrode to stabilize. When the reading becomes stable the

(unstable measurement) symbol will disappear.

•

If the pH reading is less then -2.00 pH or greater then 16.00 pH the closest full-scale value

(-2.00 pH or 16.00 pH) will be displayed blinking.

If measurements are taken successively in different samples, it is recommended to rinse the
electrodes thoroughly with deionized water or distilled water and then with some of the next
sample to prevent cross-contamination.

The pH measurement is affected by temperature. In order to have accurate pH measurements, the
temperature effect must be compensated for. To use the Automatic Temperature Compensation
(ATC) feature, connect and submerge the HI 7662-M temperature probe into the sample in the
dedicated tubeguide and wait for a few seconds. The “ATC” message will be shown on the
display. Automatic Temperature Compensation will provide pH corrected values at the temperature
of measurements. If Manual Temperature Compensation (MTC) is desired, the temperature probe
must be disconnected from the instrument. The default temperature of 25

temperature reading will be displayed preceded by the symbol

°

C (77 °F) or the last

and the “MTC” message.

Press HELP to view the contextual help, every time you need supplementary information. The help
is customized for every situation that can appear during instrument usage.

Press STIR to start/stop the stirrer.
Press Titrator to enter titrator mode.
Press CAL to access the calibration menu.

The manually set temperature can now be adjusted with the ARROW keys (from -20.0 to 120.0

3534

°

C).

VIEW/DELETE RECORDED pH DATA

To view or delete previously logged pH records press MENU key while in pH meter screen.

Press Recall to access the pH recall.
A list of records is stored in the pH log.

Use the ARROW keys to scroll the list of records.
Press More to see detailed information about the highlighted record.
Press Delete to enter record deleting mode.
Press Delete All to enter all records deleting mode.
If More is pressed a complete set of data is displayed.

If Delete All was pressed the instrument will ask for confirmation.

Press Confirm to delete all records or ESC to return to the previous screen without deleting.
If the pH log is empty the message “No Records!” will be displayed.

pH METER GLP INFORMATION

The pH meter GLP screens references the last pH calibration data. GLP is an acronym for Good
Laboratory Practice.

To view this information, press MENU key then GLP.
A set of information regarding electrode calibration is displayed.

Use ARROW keys when

is displayed to scroll between the records.

If Delete was pressed the instrument will ask for confirmation.

Use the ARROW keys to focus on the record to be deleted.
Press Confirm to delete the record or ESC to return to the previous screen without deleting.
Deleting a record will renumber the list of records.

The following items are included in electrode GLP: the time and date of the last calibration, offset,
slope, electrode condition, calibration timeout and the calibration buffers. The buffers displayed in
video inverse mode are from the previous calibration.

If a calibration hasn’t been performed the message “Not Calibrated” will be displayed.

3736

TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION PROCEDURE (for technical personnel only)

All the instruments are factory calibrated for temperature.
HANNA’s temperature probes are interchangeable and no temperature calibration is needed when

they are replaced.
If the temperature measurements are inaccurate, temperature recalibration should be performed.
For an accurate recalibration, contact your dealer or the nearest HANNA Customer Service Center,

or follow the instructions below.

•

Prepare a vessel containing ice and water and another one containing hot water (at a

temperature of around 50
temperature changes.

•

Use a calibrated thermometer with a resolution of 0.1 °C as a reference.

•

To enter user calibration screen press and hold down the ARROW keys simultaneously, then

power on the instrument. After a few seconds the User calibration screen is displayed.

•

Press Temp function key to enter temperature calibration.

•

Immerse the temperature probe in the vessel with ice and water as near as possible to the

reference thermometer. Allow a few seconds for the probe to stabilize.

•

Use the ARROW keys to set the calibration point value to that of the ice and water measured

by the reference thermometer.

•

The (unstable measurement) symbol will be shown on the display until the reading becomes

stable.

•

When the reading is stable and close to the selected calibration point, the (unstable

measurement) symbol will disappear and the Confirm key will become active.

°

C). Place insulation material around the vessels to minimize

•

Immerse the temperature probe in the second vessel as near as possible to the reference

thermometer. Allow a few seconds for the probe to stabilize.

•

Use the ARROW keys to set the calibration point value to that of the hot water, measured by

the reference thermometer.

•

The (unstable measurement) symbol will be shown on the display until the reading becomes stable.

•

When the reading is stable and close to the selected calibration point, the (unstable

measurement) symbol will disappear and the Confirm key will become active.

•

Press Confirm to confirm the calibration point. The instrument will return to the pH meter/

titrator main screen.

Note: If the reading is not close to the selected calibration point, the “Wrong” message will be

displayed. Change the temperature probe and restart the calibration.

If the temperature probe is disconnected or the measured temperature is out of the - 20 to120
the instrument will display “----”. The calibration point value can be changed using the ARROW keys.

°

C range

•

Press Confirm to confirm the calibration point.

•

The meter will be automatically move to the second calibration point, and will display 50 °C for

the buffer value.

3938

PC INTERFACE

Data transmission from the instrument to the PC can be done with the HI 92000 Windows
compatible software (optional). HI 92000 also offers graphing and on-line help features.

Data can be exported to the most popular spreadsheet programs for further analysis.
To connect your instrument to a PC use a standard USB connector. Make sure that your instrument

is switched off and plug one connector to the instrument’s USB socket and the other to the USB
port of your PC.

If you are not using Hanna Instruments HI 92000 software, please see the following instructions.

SENDING COMMANDS FROM PC

It is also possible to remotely control the instrument with any terminal program. Start the terminal
program and set the communication options as follows: 8, N, 1, no flow control.

COMMAND TYPES

To send a command to the instrument follow the next scheme:

<command prefix> <comand><CR>

where <command prefix> is the ASCII character having the code 16.

<command> is the command code.

Note: Either small or capital letters can be used.
Upon reception of a command the instrument will answer with:

<STX><answer><checksum><ETX>

where the checksum is the bytes sum of the answer string, sent as 2 ASCII characters. All the
answer messages are with ASCII characters.

COMMANDS

RAS Causes the instrument to send a complete set of readings in according with the

current meter mode.
The answer string contains:

-Meter mode (2 chars): -00 pH meter (0.1 resolution)

-01 pH meter (0.01 resolution)

-02 titrator

-Meter status (2 chars) represents a 8 bit hexadecimal encoding.

-0

x

10: temperature probe connection

-0

x

01: new GLP data available

-0

x

02: new setup parameter

-Reading status (1 char): R-in range, O - over range, U - under range.

-pH reading with sign and decimal point (7 chars)

-Temperature, with sign and 2 decimals point, always in

-Checksum (2 chars)
Note: If the meter is in titrator mode only, the meter status and the

checksum will be sent.

MDR Requests the instrument model name and firmware code (20 chars).
GLP Requests te calibration data record.

The answer string contains:

-GLP status (1 char): represents a 4 bit hexadecimal enconding.

-0

x

1-pH calibration available

-0

x

2- pump calibration available

-pump calibration data (if available):

-calibration time, yymmddhhmmss (12 chars)

-pH calibration data (if available):

-the number of calibrated buffers (1 char)

-reserved (2 chars)

-the offset, with sign and decimal point (7 chars)

-the average of slopes, with sign and decimal point (7chars)

-the calibration time: yymmddhhmmss (12 chars)

-buffer information (for each buffer)

-type (1 char): O-standard

-status (1 char): N (new)-calibrated in last calibration
O (old)-from an old calibration

-warning during calibration (2 chars):
00- no warning,
04- Clean Electrode warning

-buffer value, with sign and decimal point (7 chars)

-calibration time, yyymmddhhmmss (12 chars)

-electrode condition, with sign (3 chars). The “01” code means
not calculated.

-Checksum (2 chars)

°

C (7 chars).

4140

PAR Requests the setup parameters setting.

The answer string contains:

-Instrument ID (4 chars)

-Calibration alarm time out (2 chars)

-Concentration unit (1 char): 0=mg/L, 1=meq/L

-Acidity type (1 char): 0=Total LR, 1=Total HR, 2=Strong LR, 3=Strong HR

-SETUP information (2 chars): 8 bit hexadecimal encoding

-0

x

01-beep ON (else OFF)

-0

x

04-degree Celsius (else degrees Fahrenheit)

-Backlight value (1 char)

-Contrast value (2 chars)

-Time format (1 char): 0=24 hours, 1=AM/PM

-Date format (1 char): 0-DD/MM/YYYY
1-MM/DD/YYYY
2-YYYY/MM/DD
3-YYYY-MM-DD
4-Mon DD, YYYY
5-DD-Mon-YYYY
6-YYYY-Mon-DD

-Language name (3 chars, “sfm” when the instrument is in safe mode)

-Checksum (2 chars)

-Overrage for the measured value: R-in range, O-over range, U-under range.

-Measured value (7 chars): for the pH meter log this is the measured pH value; for
the titrator log this is the concentration value

-Temperature reading, with two decimal points (7 chars) (only for pH meter log)

-Calibration offset (7 chars) (only for pH meter log)

-Calibration slope (7 chars) (only for pH meter log)

-Concentration unit (1 char) (only for titrator log): 0=mg/L, 1=meq/L

-Acidity type (1 char) (only for titrator log): 0=Total LR, 1=Total HR, 2=Strong LR,
3=Strong HR

-Logged time (12 chars): yymmddhhmmss

-Temperature probe presence (1 char)

-Checksum (2 chars)

Notes:

-”Err8” is sent if the instrument is not in measurement mode

-”Err6” is sent if the requested range is not available

-”Err4” is sent if the requested set parameter is not available

-”Err3” is sent if the Log on demand is empty

-Invalid commands will be ignored.

NSLx Requests the number of logged samples (4 chars).

The command parameter (1 char):

-P-request for pH meter

-T-request for titrator

LODPxxx Requests the xxxth pH record logged data
LODTxxx Requests the xxxth titrator record logged data
LODPALL Requests all the stored records from the pH meter log
LODTALL Requests all the stored records from the titrator log

The answer string for each record contains:

-Logged mode (2 chars): -00-pH meter (0.1 resolution)

-01-pH meter (0.01 resolution)

-02-titrator

4342

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE

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ELECTRODE CONDITIONING AND MAINTENANCE

STORAGE PROCEDURE

To assure a quick response time, the glass bulb should be kept moist and not allowed to dry out.

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Solution. Follow the Preparation Procedure section before taking measurements.

Note:NEVER STORE THE pH ELECTRODE IN DISTILLED OR DEIONIZED WATER.

PERIODIC MAINTENANCE

Inspect the electrodes and the cables. The cable used for connection to the instrument must be
intact and there must be no broken insulation on the cable or cracks on the electrode stem or
bulb. Connectors must be perfectly clean and dry. If any scratches or cracks are present, replace
the electrode. Rinse off any salt deposits with water.

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pH CLEANING PROCEDURE

•

General

IMPORTANT: After performing any of the cleaning procedures, rinse the electrode thoroughly
with distilled or deionized water and soak the electrode in HI 70300 or HI 80300 Storage
Solution for at least 1 hour before use.

Soak in Hanna HI 7061 or HI 8061 General Cleaning Solution for
approximately ½ hour.

Recalibrate electrode before taking measurements.

4544

ACCESSORIES

WARRANTY

REAGENTS

HI 84430-50 Titrant solution for low range (100mL)
HI 84430-51 Titrant solution for high range (100mL)
HI 84430-55M Pump calibration solution (230mL)
HI 84430-58 Additional reagent (30mL)
HI 84430-70 Reagents kit for low and high range (about 150 titrations)
HI 84430-71 Reagents kit for low range (about 150 titrations)

HI 84430-72 Reagents kit for high range (about 150 titrations)

pH CALIBRATION SOLUTIONS

HI 7001M Buffer solution pH 1.68 (230mL)
HI 7004M Buffer solution pH 4.01 (230mL)
HI 7008M Buffer solution pH 8.30 (230mL)
HI 7001M-6 Buffer solution pH 1.68 (6 x 230mL)
HI 7004M-6 Buffer solution pH 4.01 (6 x 230mL)

HI 70083M-6 Buffer solution pH 8.30 (6 x 230mL)

ELECTRODES

HI 1131B pH Electrode
HI 7662-M Temperature probe

ELECTRODE FILL SOLUTION

HI 7071 Filling solution for HI 1131B (30 mL)

ELECTRODE STORAGE SOLUTION

HI 70300M Storage Solution, 230 mL bottle

CLEANING SOLUTION

HI 7061M Electrode Cleaning Solution, 230 mL bottle

OTHER ACCESSORIES

HI 70483M Tube set with cap and tip for titrant bottle
HI 731319 Stir bar 25 x 7 mm (10 pcs)
HI 731342 2000μL fixed volume pipette
HI 731352 Tip for 2000μL fixed pipette (4pcs)
HI 731341 1000μL fixed volume pipette
HI 731351 Tip for 1000μL fixed pipette (25pcs)

HI 84430 is warranteed for two years against defects in workmanship and materials when used for its

intended purpose and maintained according to the instructions.
This warranty is limited to repair or replacement free of charge.
Damage due to accident, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed maintenance is not covered.
If service is required, contact your dealer. If under warranty, report the model number, date of purchase,

serial number and the nature of the failure. If the repair is not covered by the warranty, you will be
notified of the charges incurred.

If the instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a Returned Goods Authorization
Number from the Customer Service Department and then send it with shipment costs prepaid. When
shipping any instrument, make sure it is properly packaged for complete protection.

To validate your warranty, fill out and return the enclosed warranty card within 14 days from the date of
purchase.

RECOMMENDATION FOR USERS

Before using this product, make sure that it is entirely suitable for your specific application and for the
environment in which it is used.

Operation of this instrument may cause unacceptable interferences to other electronic equipments, this
requiring the operator to take all necessary steps to correct interferences.

Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade the instrument EMC
performance.

To avoid damages or burns, do not put the instrument in microwave ovens. For yours and the instrument
safety do not use or store the instrument in hazardous environments.

Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design, construction and appearance of its products

without advance notice.

4746

SALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTSSALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTS

SALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTS

SALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTSSALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTS

Australia:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

China:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Egypt:

Tel. & Fax [phone]

Germany:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Greece:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Indonesia:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Japan:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Korea:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Malaysia:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Singapore:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

South Africa:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Taiwan:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

Thailand:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

United Kingdom:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

USA:

Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]

For e-mail contacts and a complete list of Sales and Technical offices, please see

www.hannainst.com

.

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