Hanna Instruments HI 83214 User Manual

Instruction Manual

HI 83214

Multiparameter Bench

Photometer

for Wastewater Treatment

www.hannainst.com

Dear Customer, Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. Please read this instruction manual carefully before using the

meter. This manual will provide you with the necessary information for the correct use of the instrument. If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tech@hannainst.com.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION .............................................................................................................................................3

ABBREVIATIONS ...............................................................................................................................................................3

GENERAL DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................................................................................3

SPECIFICATIONS ..............................................................................................................................................................4

PRECISION AND ACCURACY ...............................................................................................................................................4

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ................................................................................................................................................ 4

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................... 6

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT .......................................................................................................................... 8

HEALTH & SAFETY ..........................................................................................................................................................12

METHOD REFERENCE TABLE ............................................................................................................................................ 13

OPERATIONAL GUIDE ...................................................................................................................................................... 15

SETUP ........................................................................................................................................................................... 17

HELP MODE ...................................................................................................................................................................19

AMMONIA LOW RANGE ................................................................................................................................................... 20

AMMONIA HIGH RANGE .................................................................................................................................................. 22

CHLORINE, FREE ........................................................................................................................................................... 24

CHLORINE, TOTAL .......................................................................................................................................................... 26

NITRATE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 28

NITROGEN, TOTAL LR ...................................................................................................................................................... 30

NITROGEN, TOTAL HR ..................................................................................................................................................... 35

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL LR ..................................................................................................................................... 40

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL MR .................................................................................................................................... 43

OXYGEN DEMAND, CHEMICAL HR .................................................................................................................................... 46

PHOSPHORUS, REACTIVE................................................................................................................................................ 49

PHOSPHORUS, ACID HYDROLYZABLE ................................................................................................................................ 51

PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL LR ................................................................................................................................................ 55

PHOSPHORUS, REACTIVE HR .......................................................................................................................................... 59

PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL HR ................................................................................................................................................62

ERRORS AND WARNINGS ................................................................................................................................................ 66

DATA MANAGEMENT ....................................................................................................................................................... 67

STANDARD METHODS ..................................................................................................................................................... 67

ACCESSORIES ................................................................................................................................................................ 68

WARRANTY .................................................................................................................................................................... 69

HANNA LITERATURE ....................................................................................................................................................... 69

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any damage occurred during shipment, please notify your Local Hanna Office.

Each Meter is supplied complete with:

• Ten Sample Vials

• Cloth for wiping vials (1 pcs.)

• Scissors

• Instruction Manual

Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any defective item

must be returned in its original packing with the supplied accessories.

ABBREVIATIONS

°C: degree Celsius °F: degree Fahrenheit

COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand

EPA: US Environmental Protection Agency

µg/L: micrograms per liter (ppb)

mg/L: milligrams per liter (ppm)

g/L: grams per liter (ppt)

mL: milliliter

LR: low range

MR: medium range

HR: high range

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

HI 83214 is a multiparameter bench photometer. It measures 15 colorimetry based methods. The reagents are in liquid or powder form and are supplied in bottles, ready-to-use vials or packets. The amount of reagent is precisely dosed to ensure maximum repeatability.

HI 83214 bench photometer can be connected to a PC via an USB cable. Its software companion is HI 92000 Windows® Compatible Software that helps the user to manage all the results.

HI 83214 has a powerful interactive user support that assists the user during the analysis process. Each step in the method is help supported on the LCD. Help functions are accessed easily by pressing the HELP key. A tutorial mode is also available.

SPECIFICATIONS

Light Life Life of the instrument Light Detector Silicon Photocell Environment 0 to 50 °C (32 to 122 °F);

max 90% RH non-condensing

Power Supply External 12 Vdc power adaptor Dimensions 235 x 212 x 143 mm (9.2 x 8.34 x 5.62") Weight 1.5 Kg (3.3 lb)

For specifications related to each method (e.g. range, resolution etc.) refer to the related measurement section.

PRECISION AND ACCURACY

Precision is how closely repeated measurements agree with each other. Precision is usually expressed as standard deviation (SD).

Accuracy is defined as the nearness of a test result to the true value.

Although good precision suggests good accuracy, precise results can be inaccurate. The figure explains these definitions.

For each method, the precision is expressed in the related measurement section.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

Absorption of light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.

If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length through the matter and on the physical-chemical characteristics of substance according to the Lambert-Beer Law:

-log I/Io = ελ c d

A = ελ c d

Where:

-log I/I

=Absorbance (A)

Io=intensity of incident light beam I =intensity of light beam after absorption

ελ=molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ

c =molar concentration of the substance d =optical path through the substance

Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the other factors are known.

Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents.

Given that the absorption of a compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.

The optical system of HI 83214 is based on special subminiature tungsten lamps and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and reliable results.

Three measuring channels (at three different wavelengths) allow a wide range of tests.

Instrument block diagram (optical layout)

A microprocessor-controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically conditioned and beamed through the sample contained in the vial. The optical path is fixed by the diameter of the vial. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to obtain a light beam of intensity Io or I.

The photoelectric cell collects the radiation I that is not absorbed by the sample and converts it into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.

The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring unit and to display it on the LCD.

The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the actual measurement is performed.

The vial has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires particular attention. It is important that both the measurement and the calibration (zeroing) vials are optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Most methods use the same vial for both, so it is important that measurements are taken at the same optical point. Instrument measurement principle ensures this.

It is necessary that the surface of the vial is clean and not scratched. This is to avoid measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light. It is recommended not to touch the vial walls with hands.

Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring phases, it is necessary to cap the vial to prevent any contamination.

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

1) Vial holder

2) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

3) Keypad

4) Bottom lid

5) USB connector

6) ON/OFF power switch

7) Power supply connector

KEYPAD DESCRIPTION

ESC

RCL

HELP

SETUP

The keypad contains 8 direct keys and 3 functional keys with the following functions:

Press to perform the function displayed above it on the LCD.

Press to exit the current screen.

Press to access the method menu.

Press to move up in a menu or a help screen, to increment a set value, or to access second

level functions.

Press to move down in a menu or a help screen, to decrement a set value, or to access second

level functions.

Press to log the current reading.

Press to recall the log.

Press to display the help screen.

Press to access the setup screen.

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure most accurate results.

COLLECTING AND MEASURING SAMPLES

• In order to add the exact amount of sample or liquid reagent to the reagent vials it is strongly recommended to use the available Hanna automatic fixed-volume pipettes or class A laboratory pipettes (symbolized like a generic pipette tip in the following method related chapters):

pipette code volume

HI 731340 200 µL HI 731341 1000 µL HI 731342 2000 µL

For correct use of the automatic pipette, please follow the related Instruction Sheet. Alternatively, the optional HI 740142 1 mL graduated syringe or HI 740226 5 mL graduated syringe

can be used. For the correct use of the syringes, see instructions below.

1. In order to measure exactly 5 mL of reagent with the 5 mL syringe: (a) push the plunger completely into the syringe and insert the tip into the solution (b) pull the plunger up until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the 5 mL mark (c) take out the syringe and clean the outside of the syringe tip. Be sure that no drops are hanging

on the tip of the syringe, if so eliminate them. Then, keeping the syringe in vertical position above the vial, push the plunger completely down into the syringe. Exactly 5 mL has been added to the vial

(c)

(a) (b)

Probable level of

liquid taken up by syringe

2. In order to measure exactly 0.5 mL of reagent with the 1 mL syringe:

(a) push the plunger completely into the syringe and insert the tip into the solution (b) pull the plunger up until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the 0.0 mL mark (c) take out the syringe and clean the outside of the syringe tip. Be sure that no drops are hanging

on the tip of the syringe, if so eliminate them. Then, keeping the syringe in vertical position above the vial, push the plunger down into the syringe until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the

0.5 mL mark. Now the exact amount of 0.5 mL has been added to the vial, even if the tip still contains some solution

• Color or suspended matter in large amounts may cause interference, therefore, these should be removed by treatment with active carbon and by prior filtration.

USING LIQUID AND POWDER REAGENTS

• Proper use of the dropper: (a) to get good reproducible results, tap the dropper on the table for several times and wipe the

outside of the dropper tip with a cloth

(b) always keep the dropper bottle in a vertical position while dosing the reagent

(a) (b)

(b)

(c)

(a)

• Proper use of the powder reagent packet: (a) use scissors to open the powder packet (b) push the edges of the packet to form a spout (c) pour out the content of the packet

USING VIALS

• Never insert hot vials in the instrument, the vial holder may become damaged.

• In order to avoid reagent leaking and to obtain most accurate results, it is recommended to close the vial tightly with the supplied cap after addition of reagents or sample.

• Shaking the vial can generate bubbles in the sample, causing higher readings. To obtain accurate measurements, remove such bubbles by swirling or by gently tapping the vial.

• Proper mixing is very important for reproducibility of the measurements. The right way of mixing a vial is specified for each method in the related chapter.

(a) invert the vial a couple of times or for a specified time: hold the vial in the vertical position with the

cap up. Turn the vial upside-down and wait for all of the solution to flow to the cap end, then return the vial to the upright vertical position and wait for all of the solution to flow to the vial bottom. This is one inversion. The correct speed for this mixing technique is 10 complete inversions in 30 seconds.

This mixing technique is indicated with “invert to mix” and the following icon:

invert to mix

(b) shake the vial: move the vial up and down. The movement may be gentle or vigorous.

This mixing technique is indicated with “shake gently” or “shake vigorously” and one of the following icons:

shake gently shake vigorously

Pay attention to push the cuvette completely down in the holder.

• Whenever the vial is placed into the measurement cell, it must be dry on the outside, and completely free of fingerprints, oil or dirt. Wipe it thoroughly with HI 731318 or a lint-free cloth prior to insertion.

• Do not let the reacted sample stand too long after reagent is added. For best accuracy, respect the timings described in each specific method.

• It is possible to take multiple readings in a row, but it is recommended to take a new zero reading for each sample and to use the same vial for zeroing and measurement where possible (for most precise results follow the measurement procedures carefully).

• All the reaction times reported in this manual are at 25 °C (77 °F). In general, the reaction time should be increased for temperatures lower than 20 °C (68 °F), and decreased for temperatures higher than 25 °C (77 °F).

DIGESTION

• Some analytical methods require digestion of the sample. Use the HI 839800 test tube heater for digestion. The optional HI 740217 safety shield is strongly recommended. For correct use of the reactor follow the Reactor Instruction Manual. At the end of the digestion period the vials are still hot, allow the vials to cool to room temperature in the optional HI 740216 test tube cooling rack.

REAGENT BLANK CORRECTION

• Some methods require a “reagent blank correction”. The blank and the sample are prepared exactly in the same way, with the only difference that for the blank deionized water is used instead of sample. A blank vial may be used more than once; stability and storing conditions are described for each method in the related chapter.

INTERFERENCES

• In the method related measurement sections we have reported the most common interferences that may be present in an average wastewater matrix. It may be that for a particular treatment process other compounds do interfere with the method of analysis.

HEALTH & SAFETY

• The chemicals contained in the reagent kits may be hazardous if improperly handled.

• Read the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before performing tests.

• Safety equipment: Wear suitable eye protection and clothing when required, and follow instructions carefully.

• Reagent spills: If a reagent spill occurs, wipe up immediately and rinse with plenty of water. If reagent contacts skin, rinse the affected area thoroughly with water. Avoid breathing released vapors.

• Reagent vial disposal: Reagents vials may contain different waste pollutants. After use dispose of the reagent vials according to the local regulations.

METHOD REFERENCE TABLE

Method Method Method Page

reagent set code description

1 HI 93764A-25 Ammonia LR 20 2 HI 93764B-25 Ammonia HR 22 3 HI 93701-01 Chlorine, Free 24

HI 93701-03

4 HI 93711-01 Chlorine, Total 26

HI 93711-03 5 HI 93766-50 Nitrate 28 6 HI 93767A-50 Nitrogen, Total LR 30 7 HI 93767B-50 Nitrogen, Total HR 35 8 HI 93754A-25 Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) LR 40 9 HI 93754B-25 Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) MR 43

10 HI 93754C-25 Oxygen Demand, Chemical (COD) HR 46 11 HI 93758A-50 Phosphorus, Reactive 49 12 HI 93758B-50 Phosphorus, Acid Hydrolyzable 51 13 HI 93758C-50 Phosphorus, Total LR 55 14 HI 93763A-50 Phosphorus, Reactive HR 59 15 HI 93763B-50 Phosphorus, Total HR 62

VIALS IDENTIFICATION

Vials related to different parameters can be distinguished by means of the letter printed on the vial (beside the Hanna logo) and the color of the printing:

Method Method Code specific letter Label rectangle reagent set code description on the label color

HI 93764A-25 Ammonia LR A LR white HI 93764B-25 Ammonia HR A HR green HI 93701-01 Chlorine, Free (no letter) white

HI 93701-03 HI 93711-01 Chlorine, Total (no letter) white

HI 93711-03 HI 93766-50 Nitrate N white HI 93767A-50 Nitrogen, Total LR N LR green (digestion vial)

red (reagent vial)

HI 93767B-50 Nitrogen, Total HR N HR red (digestion vial)

green (reagent vial)

HI 93754A-25 Oxygen Demand, COD A red

Chemical (COD) LR

HI 93754B-25 Oxygen Demand, COD B white

Chemical (COD) MR

HI 93754C-25 Oxygen Demand, COD C green

Chemical (COD) HR HI 93758A-50 Phosphorus, Reactive P R red HI 93758B-50 Phosphorus, P AH white

Acid Hydrolyzable HI 93758C-50 Phosphorus, Total LR P TLR red HI 93763A-50 Phosphorus, Reactive HR P RHR green HI 93763B-50 Phosphorus, Total HR P THR green

OPERATIONAL GUIDE

POWER CONNECTION

Connect the AC/DC adaptor that is supplied with the instrument.

Note: Always turn the meter off before unplugging it to ensure no data is lost.

METHOD SELECTION

• Turn the instrument ON via the ON/OFF power switch.

• The meter will perform an autodiagnostic test. During this test, the Hanna Instrument logo will appear

on the LCD. After 5 seconds, if the test was successful, the last method used will appear on the display.

• In order to select the desired method press the METHOD key and the screen with the list of methods

will appear.

• Press the s t keys to highlight the desired method. Press Select.

• After the desired method is selected, follow the measurement procedure described in the related chapter.

• Before performing a test carefully read all the instructions related to the selected method.

DATA MANAGEMENT

You can keep track of your results using the instrument’s data log function. Up to 200 individual measurements can be stored in the data log. Storing, viewing and deleting the data is possible using LOG, RCL, t or s keys

Storing data

measurement will be stored with date and time stamps.

: You can store only a valid measurement. To store a valid measurement press LOG. The

Viewing and deleting

saved measurement. Additionally, you can delete the data records all at once.

: You can view and delete the data log by pressing the RCL key. You can delete the last

CHEMICAL FORM

Chemical form conversion factors are pre-programmed into the instrument and are method specific. In order to view the displayed result in the desired chemical form press s or t to toggle between the available chemical forms for the selected method.

SETUP

In the Setup mode the instrument’s parameters can be changed. Some parameters affect the measuring sequence and others are general parameters that change the behavior or appearance of the instrument.

Press SETUP to enter the setup mode. Press ESC or SETUP to return to the main screen. A list of setup parameters will be displayed with currently configured settings. Press HELP for additional information. Press the s t keys to select a parameter and depending on the parameter type, select the new value as follows:

Backlight

Values: 0 to 8.

Press the Modify key to access the backlight value. Use the ⊳ u functional keys or the s t keys to increase or decrease the value. Press the Accept key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup menu

without saving the new value.

Contrast

Values: 0 to 20.

This option is used to set the display’s contrast. Press the Modify key to change the display’s contrast. Use the ⊳ u functional keys or the s t keys to increase or decrease the value. Press the Accept key to confirm the value or ESC to return to the

setup menu without saving the new value.

Date / Time

This option is used to set the instrument’s date and time. Press the Modify key to change the date/time. Press the ⊳ u functional keys to highlight the value to be modified (year, month, day, hour, minute or second). Use the s t keys to change the value. Press the Accept key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup

without saving the new date or time.

Time format

Option: AM/PM or 24 hour.

Press the functional key to select the desired time format.

Date format

Press the Modify key to change the Date Format. Use the s t keys to select the desired format. Press the Accept key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup menu

without saving the new format.

Language

Press the corresponding key to change the language. If the new language cannot be loaded, the previously selected language will be reloaded.

Tutorial

Option: Enable or Disable.

If enabled this option will provide the user short guides related to the current issue, on the screen. Press the functional key to enable/disable the tutorial mode.

Beeper

Option: Enable or Disable.

When enabled, a short beep is heard every time a key is pressed. A long beep alert sounds when the pressed key is not active or an error condition is detected.

Press the functional key to enable/disable the beeper.

Instrument ID

Option: 0000 to 9999.

This option is used to set the instrument’s ID (identification number). The instrument ID is used while exchanging data with a PC. Press the Modify key to access the instrument ID screen. Press the s t keys in order to set the desired value. Press the Accept key to confirm the value or ESC to return to the setup menu without saving the new value.

Meter information

Press the Select key to view the instrument model, firmware version, language version and instrument serial number. Press ESC to return to the Setup mode.

HELP MODE

HI 83214 offers an interactive contextual help mode that assists the user at any moment.

To access the help screens press HELP. The instrument will display additional information related to the current screen. To read all the available information, scroll the text using the s t keys. Press the Support key to access a screen with Hanna service centers and their contact details. Press the Accessories key to access a list of instrument reagents and accessories. To exit support or accessories screens press ESC and the instrument will return to the previous help screen. To exit help mode press HELP key again and the meter will return to the previously selected screen.

AMMONIA LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 3.00 mg/L (as NH3-N) Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.10 mg/L or ±5 % of reading @ 25 °C, whichever is greater Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 420 nm Method Adaptation of the

Nessler method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Q.ty/test Q.ty/set

HI 93764A-0* Reagent Vial 1 vial 25 vials HI 93764-0 Nessler Reagent 4 drops 1 bottle

Reagent Vial identification

Note: Store the unused vials in a cool and dark place.

REAGENT SET

HI 93764A-25 Reagents for 25 tests

For other accessories see page 68.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the section (see page 15).

Ammonia LR

ASTM Manual of Water and Environmental Technology, D1426-92

: A LR, white label.

method following one of the procedures described in the “Method Selection”

• Remove the cap from a Reagent Vial.

• Add exactly 5.0 mL of sample to the vial, while keeping the vial at a 45-degree angle.

• Replace the cap and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times. This is the blank.

• Place the vial into the holder and push it completely down.

Ammonia LR

• Press the Zero key. The display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for

measurement.

• Remove the vial.

• Remove the cap and add 4 drops of HI 93764-0 Nessler

Reagent.

• Replace the cap tightly and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times. This is the sample.

• Place the vial into the holder and push it completely down.

• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement and the message “Reaction Time”. Alternatively, wait for 3 minutes and 30 seconds and press Read. The instrument will perform the reading.

• The instrument displays concentration in mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N). Press s or t to convert the result in mg/L ammonia (NH3).

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by:

• Organic compounds like: chloramines, various aliphatic and aromatic amines, glycine or urea above 10 ppm. To eliminate these interferences distillation is required.

• Organic compounds like: aldehydes, alcohols (e.g. ethanol) or acetone above 0.1 %. To eliminate these interferences distillation is required.

• Sulfide: may cause turbidity.

Ammonia LR

AMMONIA HIGH RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0 to 100 mg/L (as NH3-N) Resolution 1 mg/L Accuracy ±1 mg/L or ±5 % of reading @ 25 °C, whichever is greater Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 420 nm Method Adaptation of the

Nessler method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Q.ty/test Q.ty/set

HI 93764B-0* Reagent Vial 1 vial 25 vials HI 93764-0 Nessler Reagent 4 drops 1 bottle *

Reagent Vial identification

Note: Store the unused vials in their container in a cool and dark place.

REAGENT SET

HI 93764B-25 Reagents for 25 tests

For other accessories see page 68.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select

• Remove the cap from a Reagent Vial.

Ammonia HR

(see page 15).

method following one of the procedures described in the “Method Selection” section

ASTM Manual of Water and Environmental Technology, D1426-92

: A HR, green label.

• Add exactly 1.0 mL of sample to the vial, while keeping the vial at a 45-degree angle.

• Replace the cap and mix by inverting the vial a couple of times. This is the blank.

• Place the vial into the holder and push it completely down.

Ammonia HR

+ 50 hidden pages