Hanna Instruments HI 83200C User Manual

Instruction Manual

HI 83200

Multiparameter Bench

Photometer

for Laboratories

www.hannainst.com

Dear Customer, Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. Please read this instruction manual carefully before using the

instrument. This manual will provide you with the necessary information for the correct use of the instrument. If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tech@hannainst.com.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ............................................. 3

GENERAL DESCRIPTION ..................................................... 3

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................... 4

SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................. 4

PRECISION AND ACCURACY ............................................... 4

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ................................................ 5

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ............................................... 6

TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT ........................... 8

HEALTH & SAFETY ..........................................................11

METHOD REFERENCE TABLE ............................................. 11

OPERATIONAL GUIDE ....................................................... 12

SETUP ........................................................................... 14

HELP MODE ................................................................... 16

SAMPLE PREPARATION .................................................... 17

ALUMINUM ....................................................................21

ALKALINITY ....................................................................23

AMMONIA MR ................................................................ 25

AMMONIA LR .................................................................27

BROMINE ......................................................................29

CALCIUM ....................................................................... 31

FREE CHLORINE ............................................................. 33

TOTAL CHLORINE ............................................................36

CHLORINE DIOXIDE ......................................................... 39

CHROMIUM VI HR ..........................................................42

CHROMIUM VI LR ...........................................................44

COLOR OF WATER ........................................................... 46

COPPER HR ....................................................................48

COPPER LR ....................................................................50

CYANIDE ........................................................................52

CYANURIC ACID .............................................................. 55

FLUORIDE ...................................................................... 57

CALCIUM HARDNESS ....................................................... 59

MAGNESIUM HARDNESS .................................................62

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.

HYDRAZINE .................................................................... 65

IODINE .......................................................................... 67

IRON HR ........................................................................69

IRON LR .........................................................................71

MAGNESIUM .................................................................. 74

MANGANESE HR .............................................................76

MANGANESE LR ............................................................. 78

MOLYBDENUM ............................................................... 81

NICKEL HR ..................................................................... 84

NICKEL LR ......................................................................86

NITRATE .........................................................................89

NITRITE HR .................................................................... 91

NITRITE LR ..................................................................... 93

DISSOLVED OXYGEN ........................................................ 95

OZONE .......................................................................... 97

pH ..............................................................................100

PHOSPHATE HR ............................................................ 102

PHOSPHATE LR ............................................................. 104

PHOSPHORUS ............................................................. 106

POTASSIUM HR ............................................................ 108

POTASSIUM MR ............................................................ 111

POTASSIUM LR ............................................................. 113

SILICA ......................................................................... 115

SILVER ........................................................................ 117

SULFATE ......................................................................120

ZINC ............................................................................ 122

ERRORS AND WARNINGS ............................................... 125

DATA MANAGEMENT ...................................................... 126

STANDARD METHODS .................................................... 127

ACCESSORIES .............................................................. 128

WARRANTY .................................................................. 131

HANNA LITERATURE ...................................................... 131

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any damage occurred during shipment, please notify your local Hanna Office.

Each meter is supplied complete with:

• Four Sample Cuvettes and Caps

• Sample Preparation Kit (for turbid or concentrated samples see page 17)

• Cloth for wiping cuvettes (1 pcs)

• 60 mL glass bottle for dissolved oxygen analysis (1 pcs)

• Scissors

• AC/DC Power Adapter

• Instruction Manual

The sample preparation kit contains:

• 4 cuvettes (10 mL) with caps

• 2 plastic beakers (100 and 170 mL)

• 1 graduated cylinder (100 mL)

• 1 syringe with screw rim (60 mL)

• 1 syringe (5 mL)

• 1 filter assembly

• 25 filter discs

• 1 spoon

• 2 pipettes

• Carbon powder packets (50 pcs)

• 1 Demineralizer Bottle with filter cap for about 12 liters of deionized water (depending on the hardness level of water to be treated)

Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any defective item

must be returned in its original packing with the supplied accessories.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

HI 83200 is a multiparameter bench photometer dedicated for Laboratory analysis. It measures 45 different methods using specific liquid or powder reagents. The amount of reagent is precisely dosed to ensure maximum reproducibility.

HI 83200 bench photometer can be connected to a PC via an USB cable. The optional HI 92000 Windows® Compatible Software helps users manage all their results.

HI 83200 has a powerful interactive user support that assists the user during the analysis process. Each step in the measurement process is help supported. A tutorial mode is available in the Setup Menu.

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ABBREVIATIONS

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

EPA: US Environmental Protection Agency

°C: degree Celsius °F: degree Fahrenheit

µg/L: micrograms per liter (ppb)

mg/L: milligrams per liter (ppm)

g/L: grams per liter (ppt)

mL: milliliter

HR: high range

MR: medium range

LR: low range

PAN: 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphtol

TPTZ: 2,4,6-tri-(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine

SPECIFICATIONS

Light Life Life of the instrument Light Detector Silicon Photocell Environment 0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F);

max 90% RH non-condensing

Power Supply external 12 Vdc power adapter

built-in rechargeable battery

Dimensions 235 x 200 x 110 mm (9.2 x 7.87 x 4.33") Weight 0.9 Kg

For specifications related to each method (e.g. range, resolution, etc.) refer to the related measurement section.

PRECISION AND ACCURACY

Absorption of light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.

If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length through the matter and on the physical-chemical characteristics of substance according to the Lambert-Beer Law:

-log I/Io = ελ c d

A = ελ c d

Where:

-log I/I

Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the other factors are known.

Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.

The optical system of HI 83200 is based on special subminiature tungsten lamps and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and reliable results.

Five measuring channels allow a wide range of tests.

= Absorbance (A)

Io= intensity of incident light beam I = intensity of light beam after absorption

ελ= molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ

c = molar concentration of the substance d = optical path through the substance

Precision is how closely repeated measurements agree with each other. Precision is usually expressed as standard deviation (SD).

Accuracy is defined as the nearness of a test result to the true value.

Although good precision suggests good accuracy, precise results can be inaccurate. The figure explains these definitions.

For each method, the accuracy is expressed in the related measurement section.

Instrument block diagram (optical layout)

A microprocessor controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically conditioned and beamed through the sample contained in the cuvette. The optical path is fixed by the diameter of the cuvette. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to obtain a light beam of intensity Io or I.

The photoelectric cell collects the radiation I that is not absorbed by the sample and converts it into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.

The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring unit and to display it on the LCD.

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ESC

RCL

HELP

SETUP

The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the actual measurement is performed.

The cuvette has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires particular attention. It is important that both the measurement and the calibration (zeroing) cuvette are optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Most methods use the same cuvette for both, so it is important that measurements are taken at the same optical point. The instrument and the cuvette cap have special marks that must be aligned in order to obtain better reproducibility.

The surface of the cuvette must be clean and not scratched. This is to avoid measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light. It is recommended not to touch the cuvette walls with hands. Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measurement phases, it is necessary to cap the cuvette to prevent any contamination.

1) Open Cuvette Lid

2) Indexing mark

3) Cuvette point

4) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

5) Splash proof keypad

6) ON/OFF power switch

7) Power input connector

8) USB connector

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

KEYPAD DESCRIPTION

The keypad contains 8 direct keys and 3 functional keys with the following functions:

Press to perform the function displayed above it on the LCD.

Press to exit the current screen.

Press to access the select method menu.

Press to move up in a menu or a help screen, to increment a set value, to access second level

functions.

Press to move down in a menu or a help screen, to decrement a set value, to access second

level functions.

Press to log the current reading.

Press to recall the log.

Press to display the help screen.

Press to access the setup screen.

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TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure most accurate results.

• Color or suspended matter in large amounts may cause interference, and should be removed by treatment with active carbon and filtration: refere to Sample Preparation Chapter (page 17).

• Ensure the cuvette is filled correctly: the liquid in the cuvette forms a convexity on the top; the bottom of this convexity must be at the same level as the 10 mL mark.

COLLECTING AND MEASURING SAMPLES

• In order to measure exactly 0.5 mL of reagent with the 1 mL syringe: (a) push the plunger completely into the syringe and insert the tip into the solution. (b) pull the plunger up until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the 0.0 mL mark. (c) take out the syringe and clean the outside of the syringe tip. Be sure that no drops are hanging

on the tip of the syringe, if so eliminate them. Then, keeping the syringe in vertical position above the cuvette, push the plunger down into the syringe until the lower edge of the seal is exactly on the 0.5 mL mark. Now the exact amount of 0.5 mL has been added to the cuvette, even if the tip still contains some solution.

• Proper use of the powder reagent packet: (a) use scissors to open the powder packet; (b) push the edges of the packet to form a spout; (c) pour out the content of the packet.

USING CUVETTES

• Proper mixing is very important for reproducibility of the measurements. The right way of mixing a cuvette is specified for each method in the related chapter.

(a) invert the cuvette a couple of times or for a specified time: hold the cuvette in the vertical position. Turn

the cuvette upside-down and wait for all of the solution to flow to the cap end, then return the cuvette to the upright vertical position and wait for all of the solution to flow to the cuvette bottom. This is one inversion. The correct speed for this mixing technique is 10-15 complete inversions in 30 seconds.

This mixing technique is indicated with “invert to mix” and the following icon:

(c)(a) (b)

USING LIQUID AND POWDER REAGENTS

• Proper use of the dropper: (a) for reproducible results, tap the dropper on the table for several times and wipe the outside of the

dropper tip with a cloth.

(b) always keep the dropper bottle in a vertical position while dosing the reagent.

(a) (b)

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(b) shaking the cuvette, moving the cuvette up and down. The movement may be gentle or vigorous.

This mixing method is indicated with “shake gently” or “shake vigorously”, and one of the following icons:

shake gently shake vigorously

• Pay attention to push the cuvette completely down in the holder and to align the white point on the cap to the indexing mark on the meter.

• In order to avoid reagent leaking and to obtain more accurate measurements, close the cuvette first with the supplied HDPE plastic

stopper and then the black cap.

• Each time the cuvette is used, the cap must be tightened to the same degree.

• Whenever the cuvette is placed into the measurement cell, it must be dry outside, and free of fingerprints, oil or dirt. Wipe it thoroughly with HI 731318 or a lint-free cloth prior to insertion.

• Shaking the cuvette can generate bubbles in the sample, causing higher readings. To obtain accurate measurements, remove such bubbles by swirling or by gently tapping the cuvette.

• Do not let the reacted sample stand too long after reagent is added. For best accuracy, respect the timings described in each specific method.

• It is possible to take multiple readings in a row, but it is recommended to take a new zero reading for each sample and to use the same cuvette for zeroing and measurement when possible (for most precise results follow the measurement procedures carefully).

• Discard the sample immediately after the reading is taken, or the glass might become permanently stained.

• All the reaction times reported in this manual are at 25 °C (77 °F). In general, the reaction time should be increased for temperatures lower than 20 °C (68 °F), and decreased for temperatures higher than 25 °C (77 °F).

INTERFERENCES

• In the method measurement section the most common interferences that may be present in an average sample matrix have been reported. It may be that for a particular treatment process other compounds do interfere with the method of analysis.

HEALTH & SAFETY

• The chemicals contained in the reagent kits may be hazardous if improperly handled.

• Read the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before performing tests.

• Safety equipment: Wear suitable eye protection and clothing when required, and follow instructions carefully.

• Reagent spills: If a reagent spill occurs, wipe up immediately and rinse with plenty of water. If reagent contacts skin, rinse the affected area thoroughly with water. Avoid breathing released vapors.

• Waste disposal: for proper disposal of reagent kits and reacted samples, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).

METHOD REFERENCE TABLE

Method Method Page

description

1 Aluminum 21 2 Alkalinity 23 3 Ammonia MR 25 4 Ammonia LR 27

5 Bromine 29

6 Calcium 31 7 Free Chlorine 33 8 Total Chlorine 36

9 Chlorine Dioxide 39 10 Chromium VI HR 42 11 Chromium VI LR 44 12 Color of Water 46 13 Copper HR 48 14 Copper LR 50 15 Cyanide 52 16 Cyanuric Acid 55 17 Fluoride 57 18 Calcium Hardness 59 19 Magnesium Hardness 62 20 Hydrazine 65 21 Iodine 67 22 Iron HR 69 23 Iron LR 71

Method Method Page

description

24 Magnesium 74 25 Manganese HR 76 26 Manganese LR 78 27 Molybdenum 81 28 Nickel HR 84 29 Nickel LR 86 30 Nitrate 89 31 Nitrite HR 91 32 Nitrite LR 93 33 Dissolved Oxygen 95 34 Ozone 97 35 pH 100 36 Phosphate HR 102 37 Phosphate LR 104 38 Phosphorus 106 39 Potassium HR 108 40 Potassium MR 111 41 Potassium LR 113 42 Silica 115 43 Silver 117 44 Sulfate 120 45 Zinc 122

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OPERATIONAL GUIDE

POWER CONNECTION AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT

The meter can be powered from an AC/DC adapter (included) or from the built-in rechargeable battery. Note: Always turn the meter off before unplugging it to ensure no data is lost. When the meter switches ON, it verifies if the power supply adapter is connected. The battery icon on the

LCD will indicate the battery status:

- battery is charging from external adapter - battery fully charged (meter connected to AC/DC adapter)

• After the desired method is selected, follow the measurement described in the related section.

• Before performing a test you should read all the instructions carefully.

DATA MANAGEMENT

The instrument features a data log function to help you keep track of all your analysis. The data log can hold 200 individual measurements. Storing, viewing and deleting the data is possible using the LOG and

RCL keys

Storing data

stored with date and time stamps.

: You can store only a valid measurement. Press LOG

and the last valid measurement will be

- battery capacity (no external adapter) - battery Low (no external adapter)

- battery Dead (no external adapter)

METHOD SELECTION

• Turn the instrument ON via the ON/OFF power switch.

• The meter will perform an autodiagnostic test. During this test, the Hanna Instrument logo will appear

on the LCD. After 5 seconds, if the test was successful, the last method used will appear on the display.

• In order to select the desired method press the METHOD key and a screen with the available methods

will appear.

• Press the s t keys to highlight the desired method. Press Select.

Viewing and deleting

the last saved measurement. Additionally, you can delete the data records all at once.

: You can view and delete the data log by pressing the RCL key. You can only delete

CHEMICAL FORM

Chemical form conversion factors are pre-programmed into the instrument and are method specific. In order to view the displayed result in the desired chemical form press s or t to access the second level function and then press the Chem Frm key to toggle between the available chemical forms for the selected method.

SPECIAL CONVERSIONS

For Magnesium and Calcium Hardness, special conversion factors can be used to convert the readings from mg/L to French degrees (°f), German degrees (°dH) and English degrees (°E) of hardness. This can be achieved by pressing s or t to access the second level functions and then press the Unit key to toggle between °f, °dH, °E and mg/L.

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SETUPSETUP

SETUP

SETUPSETUP

In the Setup mode the instrument’s parameters can be changed. Some parameters affect the measuring sequence and others are general parameters that change the behavior or appearance of the instrument.

Press SETUP to enter the setup mode. Press ESC or SETUP to return to the main screen. A list of setup parameters will be displayed with currently configured settings. Press HELP for additional information.

Press the s t keys to select a parameter and change the value as follows:

Backlight

Values: 0 to 8.

Press the Modify key to access the backlight value. Use the ⊳u functional keys or the s t keys to increase or decrease the value. Press the Accept functional key to confirm or ESC to return to

the setup menu without saving the new value.

Contrast

Values: 0 to 20.

This option is used to set the display’s contrast. Press the Modify key to change the display’s contrast. Use the ⊳u functional keys or the s t keys to increase or decrease the value. Press the Accept key to confirm the value or ESC to return to

the setup menu without saving the new value.

Date / Time

This option is used to set the instrument’s date and time. Press the Modify key to change the date/time. Press the ⊳u functional keys to highlight the value to be modified (year, month, day, hour, minute or second). Use the s tkeys to change the value. Press the Accept key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup without

saving the new date or time.

Time format

Option: AM/PM or 24 hour.

Press the functional key to select the desired time format.

Date format

Press the Modify key to change the Date Format. Use the s t keys to select the desired format. Press Accept functional key to confirm or ESC to return to the setup

menu without saving the new format.

Language

Press the corresponding key to change the language. If the new language cannot be loaded, the previously selected language will be reloaded.

Tutorial

Option: Enable or Disable.

If enabled this option will provide the user short guide related to the current screen. Press the functional key to enable/disable the tutorial mode.

Beeper

Option: Enable or Disable.

When enabled, a short beep is heard every time a key is pressed. A long beep alert sounds when the pressed key is not active or an error is detected.

Press the functional key to enable/disable the beeper.

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Instrument ID

Option: 0 to 9999.

This option is used to set the instrument’s ID (identification number). The instrument ID is used while exchanging data with a PC. Press the Modify key to access the instrument ID screen. Press the s t keys in order to set the desired value. Press the Accept key to confirm the value or ESC to return to the setup menu without saving the new value.

Meter information

Press the Select key to view the instrument model, firmware version, language version and instrument serial number.

Press ESC to return to the Setup mode.

HELP MODEHELP MODE

HELP MODE

HELP MODEHELP MODE

HELP MODE

HI 83200 offers an interactive contextual help mode that assists the user at any time.

SAMPLE PREPARATION

SAMPLE PREPARATION PROCEDURE

The following Sample Preparation Procedure applies in case of:

• Samples with color or suspended matter (turbidity).

• Concentrated samples, for which the analysis result is over the range of the parameter. Use the accessories contained in the Sample Preparation Kit to prepare the sample according to the

following instructions.

COLORED OR TURBID SAMPLES:

Colored or suspended matter in large amounts may cause interference. They should be removed by treatment with active carbon and filtration.

• If the water sample contains suspended matter, let it stand in a beaker until most of the solid particles have settled. Then, use the pipette to transfer the supernatant solution to the other beaker. To prevent the displacement of the settled solids at the bottom of the beaker, do not induce air bubbles into the solution.

• Measure 100 mL of sample with the graduated cylinder.

• If the solution still contains some turbidity or color, pour it in the large 170 mL beaker and add a powder packet of active carbon.

To access the help screens press HELP. The instrument will display additional information related to the current screen. To read all the available information, scroll the text using the s t keys. Press the Support key to access a screen with Hanna service centers and their contact details. Press the Accessories key to access a list of instrument reagents and accessories. To exit support or accessories screens press ESC and the instrument will return to the previous help screen. To exit help mode press the HELP or ESC key again and the meter will return to the previously selected screen.

16 17

• Mix well using the spoon and then wait for 5 minutes.

• Unscrew the filter assembly, put a filter disc inside and close it.

filter disc

• Connect the filter assembly to the 60 mL syringe by the screw rim.

• Remove the syringe plunger and fill the syringe with the sample to be filtered. Pour the sample gently, trying to avoid transferring of the actived carbon to the syringe.

• Reinsert the plunger and filter the solution into the 100 mL beaker by pushing gently the syringe plunger.

The sample is now ready.

• Remove the cap and fill the Demineralizer Bottle with tap water.

• Replace the cap and shake gently for at least 2 minutes.

• If the solution is still turbid or colored, treat it again with a packet of active carbon. After use, throw the filter disc away and wash the syringe and the filter assembly well. Always use a new disc for another sample.

CONCENTRATED SAMPLES:

If the analysis result is over the method range, the sample should be diluted. The following procedure describe how to dilute the sample by a factor “N” (that is, to dilute by “N times”):

• Use the graduated cylinder to measure exactly V mL of sample. For volumes V < 20 mL, accurately dose the sample by mean of the syringe.

Note: To measure exactly 5 mL of sample with the syringe, push the plunger completely into the syringe and insert the tip into the sample. Pull the plunger out until the lower edge of the seal is on the 5 mL mark of the syringe.

• Open the upper part of the Demineralizer Bottle cap and gently squirt the demineralized water into the cylinder, up to the 100 mL mark.

Note: The ion exchange resin contained in the Demineralizer Bottle is provided with an indicator substance. The indicator will change from green to blue when the resin has been exhausted and needs to be replaced.

• Pour the solution in the large 170 mL beaker, replace the cap and invert several times to mix.

probable level of liquid

taken up by syringe

18 19

• If the solution contains some turbidity or color, add a powder packet of active carbon and follow the

procedure described in previous section Colored or Turbid Samples.

• Calculate the dilution factor N: N = 100/V Where: V is the volume of original sample poured in the cylinder, expressed in mL, and 100 is the final volume

in the cylinder, expressed in mL.

• When performing the reading, pay attention to multiply the read value by the dilution factor in order to obtain the real concentration of the analyte in the original sample:

Example: Reading = value A Dilution factor = N Real value in the original sample = A x N

Note: The methods Potassium Medium Range and Potassium High Range require a dilution of 1:5

(N = 5, V = 20 mL) and 1:10 (N = 10, V = 10 mL) of the sample. As the dilution is always done, it is already included in the final result and is not necessary to multiply by the dilution factor.

ALUMINUM

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 1.00 mg/L Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.02 mg/L ±4% of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±0.01 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 525 nm Method Adaptation of the aluminon method. The reaction between aluminum and reagents

causes a reddish tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

HI 93712A-0 Ascorbic acid 1 packet HI 93712B-0 Aluminon reagent 1 packet HI 93712C-0 Bleaching powder 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93712-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93712-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the the

Method Selection

Aluminum

method using the procedure described in section (see page 12).

• Fill a graduated beaker with 50 mL of sample.

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93712A-0 Ascorbic acid and mix until completely dissolved.

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93712B-0 Aluminon reagent and mix until completely dissolved. This is the sample.

• Fill two cuvettes with 10 mL of sample each (up to the mark).

20 21

10 mL

# 1

10 mL

# 2

Aluminum

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93712C-0 Bleaching powder to one of the two cuvettes. Replace the cap and shake vigorously until completely dissolved. This is the blank.

# 1

• Place the blank into the holder and close the lid.

• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to

# 1

zeroing the blank. Alternatively wait for 15 minutes and then press Zero. The display will show "-0.0-" when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

# 2

• Remove the blank and insert the other cuvette into the instrument.

• Press the Read key and the meter will perform the reading. The instrument displays the results in mg/L of aluminum.

ALKALINITY

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0 to 500 mg/L (as CaCO3) Resolution 5 mg/L Accuracy ±5 mg/L ±10 % of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±5 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 575 nm Method Colorimetric Method. The reaction causes a distinctive range of colors from yellow to

green to greenish blue to develop.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity/test

HI 93755-0 Alkalinity Indicator Reagent 1 mL

REAGENT SETS

HI 93755-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93755-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the

Alkalinity

Method Selection

method using the procedure described in the

section (see page 12).

10 mL

• Press s or t to access the second level functions.

• Press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L of Al2O3.

• Press s or t to return to the measurement screen.

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by: Iron above 20 mg/L, Alkalinity above 1000 mg/L, Phosphate above 50 mg/L; Fluoride must be absent.

Aluminum

22 23

• Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark) and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvette into the holder and close the lid

• Press the Zero key. The display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

Alkalinity

• Remove the cuvette.

Note: Any chlorine present in the sample will interfere with the

reading. To remove the chlorine interference add one drop of HI 93755-53 Chlorine Remover to the unreacted sample

• Carefully add exactly 1 mL of HI 93755-0 Liquid Alkalinity Reagent using the supplied syringe.

• Replace the cap and invert 5 times.

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument and close the lid.

• Press Read to start the reading.

AMMONIA MEDIUM RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 10.00 mg/L Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.05 mg/L ±5% of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±0.01 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 420 nm Method Adaptation of the

Nessler method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

HI 93715A-0 First Reagent 4 drops (6 drops for seawater) HI 93715B-0 Second Reagent 4 drops (10 drops for seawater)

REAGENT SETS

HI 93715-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93715-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the

• Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark)

Ammonia MR

the

Method Selection

and replace the cap.

section (see page 12).

ASTM Manual of Water and Environmental Technology, D1426-92

method using the procedure described in

10 mL

• The instrument displays the results in mg/L of alkalinity (CaCO3).

Note: If using a meter with software version 1.14 or earlier, readings can be improved for samples

with less than 75 ppm alkalinity by adding 0.7 mL of reagent instead of 1.0 mL.

Alkalinity

24 25

• Place the cuvette into the holder and close the lid.

• Press the Zero key. The display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for

measurement.

Ammonia MR

• Remove the cuvette.

• Add 4 drops of HI 93715A-0 First Reagent (6 drops for seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution.

• Add 4 drops of HI 93715B-0 Second Reagent (10 drops for seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution.

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 3 minutes and 30 seconds and press Read. When the timer ends the meter will perform the reading. The instrument displays the results in mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N).

AMMONIA LOW RANGE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 3.00 mg/L Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.04 mg/L ±4% of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±0.01 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 420 nm Method Adaptation of the

Nessler method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

HI 93700A-0 First Reagent 4 drops (6 drops for seawater) HI 93700B-0 Second Reagent 4 drops (10 drops for seawater)

REAGENT SETS

HI 93700-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93700-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the

• Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark)

Ammonia LR

Method Selection

section (see page 12).

and replace the cap.

method using the procedure described in the

ASTM Manual of Water and Environmental Technology, D1426-92

10 mL

• Press s or t to access the second level functions.

• Press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L of ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH

• Press s or t to return to the measurement screen.

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by: acetone, alcohols, aldehydes, glycine, hardness above 1 g/L, iron, organic chloramines, sulfide, various aliphatic and aromatic amines.

Ammonia MR

26 27

• Place the cuvette into the holder and close the lid.

• Press the Zero key. The display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for

measurement.

Ammonia LR

• Remove the cuvette.

• Add 4 drops of HI 93700A-0 First Reagent (6 drops for seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution.

• Add 4 drops of HI 93700B-0 Second Reagent (10 drops for seawater analysis). Replace the cap and mix the solution.

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

BROMINE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 8.00 mg/L Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.08 mg/L ±3% of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±0.01 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 525 nm Method Adaptation of the

edition

pink tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

HI 93716-0 DPD Reagent 1 packet

REAGENT SETS

HI 93716-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93716-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the

Bromine

Method Selection

method using the procedure described in the

section (see page 12).

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,

, DPD method. The reaction between bromine and the reagent causes a

• Press s or t to access the second level functions.

• Press the Chem Frm key to convert the result in mg/L of ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH

• Press s or t to return to the measurement screen.

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by: acetone, alcohols, aldehydes, glycine, hardness above 1 g/L, iron, organic chloramines, sulfide, various aliphatic and aromatic amines.

Ammonia LR

28 29

• Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the

10 mL

mark) and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvette into the holder and close the lid.

• Press the Zero key. The display will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

Bromine

• Remove the cuvette and add the content of one packet of HI 93716-0 DPD reagent. Replace the cap and shake gently for about 20 seconds to dissolve most of the reagent.

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 2 minutes and 30 seconds and press Read. When the timer ends the meter will perform the reading.

CALCIUM

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0 to 400 mg/L Resolution 10 mg/L Accuracy ±10 mg/L ±5% of reading at 25 °C Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 466 nm Method Adaptation of the Oxalate method.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

Code Description Quantity

- Buffer Reagent 4 drops

HI 93752A-0 Ca Calcium Buffer Reagent 7 mL HI 93752B-0 Ca Calcium Oxalate Reagent 1 mL

REAGENT SETS

HI 937521-01 Reagents for 50 tests HI 937521-03 Reagents for 150 tests

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

Note: for sample preparation follow the COLORED OR TURBID SAMPLES procedure at page 17.

• Select the

Calcium

method using the procedure described in the

Method Selection

section (see page 12).

• The instrument displays the results in mg/L of bromine.

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by: Chlorine, Iodine, Ozone, Oxidized forms of Chromium and Manganese. In case of water with hardness greater than 500 mg/L CaCO3, shake the sample for approximately

2 minutes after adding the reagent. In case of water with alkalinity greater than 250 mg/L CaCO3 or acidity greater than 150 mg/L CaCO3,

the color of the sample may develop only partially, or may rapidly fade. To resolve this, neutralize the sample with diluted HCl or NaOH.

Bromine

30 31

• Using the 5 mL syringe add exactly 3.00 mL of sample to the cuvette.

3 mL of sample

• Use the pipette to fill the cuvette up to the 10 mL mark with the HI 93752A-0 Calcium Buffer Reagent.

• Add 4 drops of Buffer Reagent.

Calcium

• Replace the cap and invert several times to mix.

• Place the cuvette into the holder and close the lid.

• Press the Zero key. The display will show “-0.0-” when

the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvette.

• Using the 1 mL syringe, add exactly 1 mL of the HI 93752B-0 Calcium Oxalate Reagent. Replace the cap and invert the cuvette 10 times to mix (about 15 seconds).

• Press Timer or wait for 5 minutes. Then invert again the cuvette 10 times to mix (about 15 seconds).

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

• Press Read to start the reading. The instrument displays the results in mg/L of Calcium.

FREE CHLORINE

FREE CHLORINEFREE CHLORINE

FREE CHLORINE

FREE CHLORINEFREE CHLORINE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 2.50 mg/L Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.03 mg/L ±3% of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±0.01 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 525 nm Method Adaptation of the

DPD reagent causes a pink tint in the sample.

EPA DPD method 330.5.

The reaction between free chlorine and the

REQUIRED REAGENTS

POWDER: Code Description Quantity

HI 93701-0 DPD 1 packet

LIQUID: Code Description Quantity

HI 93701A-F DPD1 Indicator 3 drops HI 93701B-F DPD1 Buffer 3 drops

REAGENT SETS

HI 93701-F Reagents for 300 tests (liquid) HI 93701-01 Reagents for 100 tests (powder) HI 93701-03 Reagents for 300 tests (powder)

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the in the

Method Selection

Free Chlorine

method using the procedure described section (see page 12).

INTERFERENCES:

Interferences may be caused by: Acidity (as CaCO3) above 1000 mg/L Alkalinity (as CaCO3) above 1000 mg/L Magnesium (Mg2+) above 400 mg/L

Calcium

• Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark) and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvette into the holder and close the lid.

32 33

10 mL

Free Chlorine

• Press the Zero key. The meter will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvette.

Powder reagents procedure

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93701 DPD reagent. Replace the cap and shake gently for 20 seconds (or 2 minutes for seawater analysis).

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

• Press Read to start the reading. The instrument displays the results in mg/L of free chlorine.

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

• Press Timer and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 1 minute and press Read. When the timer ends the meter will perform the reading. The instrument displays the results in mg/L of free chlorine.

Liquid reagents procedure

• To an empty cuvette add 3 drops of HI 93701A-F DPD1 indicator and 3 drops of HI 93701B-F DPD1 buffer. Swirl gently to mix, and immediately add 10 mL of unreacted sample. Replace the cap and shake gently again.

x 3

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by: Bromine, Iodine, Ozone, Oxidized forms of Chromium and Manganese. In case of water with hardness greater than 500 mg/L CaCO3, shake the sample for approximately

2 minutes after adding the powder reagent. In case of water with alkalinity greater than 250 mg/L CaCO3 or acidity greater than 150 mg/L CaCO3,

the color of the sample may develop only partially, or may rapidly fade. To resolve this, neutralize the sample with diluted HCl or NaOH.

34 35

Free ChlorineFree Chlorine

TOTAL CHLORINE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 3.50 mg/L Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.03 mg/L ±3% of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±0.01 mg/L

Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 525 nm Method Adaptation of the

DPD reagent causes a pink tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENTS

POWDER: Code Description Quantity

HI 93711-0 DPD 1 packet

LIQUID: Code Description Quantity

HI 93701A-T DPD1 indicator 3 drops HI 93701B-T DPD1 buffer 3 drops HI 93701C DPD3 solution 1 drop

REAGENT SETS

HI 93701-T Reagents for 300 total chlorine tests (liquid) HI 93711-01 Reagents for 100 total chlorine tests (powder) HI 93711-03 Reagents for 300 total chlorine tests (powder)

For other accessories see page 128.

EPA DPD method 330.5.

The reaction between the chlorine and the

• Press the Zero key. The meter will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for measurement.

• Remove the cuvette.

Powder reagents procedure

• Add 1 packet of HI 93711 DPD reagent. Replace the cap and shake gently for 20 seconds (or 2 minutes for seawater analysis).

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

chlorine.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the described in the

• Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark) and replace the cap.

• Place the cuvette into the holder and close the lid.

Total Chlorine

Method Selection

method using the procedure

section (see page 12).

36 37

10 mL

Liquid reagents procedure

• To an empty cuvette add 3 drops of HI 93701A-T DPD1 indicator, 3 drops of HI 93701B-T DPD1 buffer and 1 drop of HI 93701C DPD3 solution. Swirl gently to mix and immediately add 10 mL of unreacted sample. Replace the cap and shake gently again.

• Reinsert the cuvette into the instrument.

Total Chlorine

• The instrument displays the results in mg/L of total chlorine.

Note: free and total chlorine have to be measured separately with fresh unreacted samples following the related procedure if both values are requested.

INTERFERENCES

Interference may be caused by: Bromine, Iodine, Ozone, Oxidized forms of Chromium and Manganese. In case of water with hardness greater than 500 mg/L CaCO3, shake the sample for approximately

2 minutes after adding the powder reagent. In case of water with alkalinity greater than 250 mg/L CaCO3 or acidity greater than 150 mg/L CaCO3,

the color of the sample may develop only partially, or may rapidly fade. To resolve this, neutralize the sample with diluted HCl or NaOH.

CHLORINE DIOXIDE

SPECIFICATIONS

Range 0.00 to 2.00 mg/L Resolution 0.01 mg/L Accuracy ±0.10 mg/L ±5% of reading at 25 °C Typical EMC ±0.01 mg/L Deviation Light Source Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 575 nm Method Adaptation of the Chlorophenol Red method. The reaction between chlorine dioxide and

reagents causes a colorless to purple tint in the sample.

REQUIRED REAGENT

Code Description Quantity

HI 93738A-0 Reagent A 1 mL HI 93738B-0 Dechlorinating Reagent B 1 packet HI 93738C-0 Reagent C 1 mL HI 93738D-0 Reagent D 1 mL

REAGENT SETS

HI 93738-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93738-03 Reagents for 300 tests

For other accessories see page 128.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

• Select the described in the

• Fill two graduated mixing cylinders (#1 & #2) up to the 25 mL mark with the sample.

Chlorine Dioxide

Method Selection

method using the procedure

section (see page 12).

# 1

25 mL

# 2

25 mL

Total Chlorine

• Add 0.5 mL of HI 93738A-0 Chlorine Dioxide Reagent to each cylinder (#1 & #2), close them and invert several times to mix.

# 1 # 2

38 39

# 1 & # 2

Chlorine Dioxide

• Add the content of one packet of HI 93738B-0 Dechlorinating Reagent to one of the two cylinders (#1), close and invert it several times until it is totally dissolved. This is the blank.

# 1

• Press the Zero key. The meter will show “-0.0-” when the meter is zeroed and ready for

measurement.

• Add precisely 0.5 mL of HI 93738C-0 Chlorine Dioxide Reagent to each cylinder (#1 & #2), close them and invert several times to mix.

# 1 & # 2

# 1 # 2

• Add 0.5 mL of HI 93738D-0 Chlorine Dioxide Reagent to each cylinder (#1 & #2), close them and invert several times to mix. Cylinder #2 is the reacted sample.

# 1 & # 2

# 1

# 1 # 2

10 mL

• Fill another cuvette with 10 mL of the reacted sample (#2) up

# 2

to the mark and replace the cap.

# 2

10 mL

• Insert the sample into the instrument.

• Press Read and the meter will perform the reading. The instrument displays the results in mg/L of

chlorine dioxide.

SAMPLING PROCEDURE

It is recommended to analyze chlorine dioxide samples immediately after collection. Chlorine dioxide samples must be stored in sealed dark glass bottle, with minimal head space. Excessive heat (above 25°C/78°F), agitation and exposure to light must be avoided.

INTERFERENCES

Interferences may be caused by strong oxidants.

• Fill a cuvette with 10 mL of the blank (#1) up to the mark and replace the cap.

• Place the blank (#1) into the holder and close the lid.

Chlorine Dioxide

40 41

# 1

Chlorine Dioxide

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