Garmin TR-1 Gold Installation Instructions
GHP™ Reactor
Hydraulic
Installation Instructions
Important Safety Information
WARNING
See the Important Safety and Product Information guide in the
product box for product warnings and other important
information.
You are responsible for the safe and prudent operation of your
vessel. The autopilot is a tool that enhances your capability to
operate your boat. It does not relieve you of the responsibility of
safely operating your boat. Avoid navigational hazards and
never leave the helm unattended.
Always be prepared to promptly regain manual control of your
boat.
Learn to operate the autopilot on calm and hazard-free open
water.
Use caution when operating the autopilot near hazards in the
water, such as docks, pilings, and other boats.
CAUTION
When in use, beware of hot motor and solenoid components
and the risk of entrapment from moving parts.
Failure to install and maintain this equipment in accordance with
these instructions could result in damage or injury.
NOTICE
To avoid damage to your boat, the autopilot system should be
installed by a qualified marine installer. Specific knowledge of
hydraulic steering componentry and marine electrical systems is
required for proper installation.
Installation Preparation
The autopilot system consists of multiple components. You
should familiarize yourself with all of the component mounting
and connection considerations before beginning installation. You
must know how the components operate together in order to
correctly plan the installation on your boat.
You can consult the layout diagrams (Power and Data Layout)
to help understand the mounting and connection considerations.
You should lay out all of the components on the boat as you
plan the installation to make sure your cables will reach each
component. If needed, extension cables (sold separately) for
various components are available from your Garmin® dealer or
from www.garmin.com.
You should record the serial number of each component for
registration and warranty purposes.
Tools Needed
• Safety glasses
• Drill and drill bits
• Wrenches
• 90 mm (3.5 in.) hole saw or a rotary cutting tool
• Wire cutters/strippers
• Phillips and flat screwdrivers
• Cable ties
• Waterproof wire connectors (wire nuts) or heat-shrink tubing
and a heat gun
• Marine sealant
• Marine corrosion inhibitor spray
• Portable or handheld compass (to test for magnetic
interference)
• Hydraulic hose with machine-crimped or field-replaceable
fittings that have a minimum rating of 1000 lbf/in
• Hydraulic T-fittings
• Inline hydraulic shut-off valves
• Hydraulic fluid
• Thread sealant
• Hydraulic bleeding equipment
• Anti-seize lubricant (optional)
NOTE: Mounting screws are provided for the main components
of the autopilot system. If the provided screws are not
appropriate for the mounting surface, you must provide the
correct types of screws.
2
Mounting and Connection Considerations
The autopilot components connect to each other and to power
using the included cables. Ensure that the correct cables reach
each component and that each component is in an acceptable
location before mounting or wiring any components.
Helm Control Mounting Considerations
NOTICE
This device should be mounted in a location that is not exposed
to extreme temperatures or conditions. The temperature range
for this device is listed in the product specifications. Extended
exposure to temperatures exceeding the specified temperature
range, in storage or operating conditions, may cause device
failure. Extreme-temperature-induced damage and related
consequences are not covered by the warranty.
The mounting surface must be flat to avoid damaging the device
when it is mounted.
Using the included hardware and template, you can flush mount
the device in the dashboard. If you want to mount the device
using an alternative method where it appears flat with the front
of the dashboard, you must purchase a flat-mount kit
(professional installation recommended) from your Garmin
dealer.
When selecting a mounting location, observe these
considerations.
• The mounting location should be at or below eye level to
provide optimal viewing as you operate your vessel.
• The mounting location should allow easy access to the keys
on the device.
• The mounting surface must be strong enough to support the
weight of the device and protect it from excessive vibration or
shock.
• To avoid interference with a magnetic compass, the device
should not be installed closer to a compass than the
compass-safe distance value listed in the product
specifications.
May 2015
Printed in Taiwan 190-01768-02_0B
• The area behind the mounting surface must allow room for
the routing and connection of the cables.
Helm Control Connection Considerations
• The helm control must connect to the NMEA 2000® network.
• Optional NMEA® 0183 devices, such as wind sensors, waterspeed sensors, or GPS devices can be connected to the
helm control using a data cable (NMEA 0183 Connection
Considerations).
CCU Mounting and Connection Considerations
• The CCU is the primary sensor of the GHP Reactor Hydraulic
autopilot system. For best performance, observe these
considerations when selecting a mounting location.
◦ A handheld compass should be used to test for magnetic
interference in the area where the CCU is to be mounted.
If the needle on a handheld compass moves when you
hold it where you intend to mount the CCU, magnetic
interference is present. You must choose another location
and test again.
◦ The CCU should be mounted on a rigid surface for best
performance.
◦ Although the CCU can be installed in any orientation on
your boat, you can avoid the step of defining north in the
setup procedure by meeting all of these considerations
when selecting a mounting location (optional).
◦ The connectors on the CCU must point toward the
bow.
◦ The base of the CCU must be at a right angle to the roll
and pitch axis of the boat.
◦ The CCU must be located near the center of rotation of
the boat, slightly toward the front, if necessary.
• The CCU cable connects the CCU to the ECU and is 5 m
(16 ft.) long.
◦ If the CCU cannot be mounted within 5 m (16 ft.) of the
ECU, extension cables are available from your local
Garmin dealer or at www.garmin.com.
◦ This cable must not be cut.
Finding the Best Mounting Location
Create a list of all suitable mounting locations for the CCU
1
where no iron, magnets, or high-current wires are located
within 60 cm (2 ft.).
A large magnet, such as a subwoofer-speaker magnet should
be no closer than 1.5 m (5 ft.) to these locations.
Locate the center of rotation of the boat, and measure the
2
distance between the center of rotation and each of the
suitable mounting locations you listed in step 1.
Select the location closest to the center of rotation.
3
If more than one location is approximately the same distance
from the center of rotation, you should select the location that
best meets these considerations.
• The best location is closest to the centerline of the boat.
• The best location is lower in the boat.
• The best location is slightly forward in the boat.
ECU Mounting and Connection Considerations
• The ECU can be mounted on a flat surface, facing any
direction.
• Mounting screws are included with the ECU, but you may
need to provide different screws if the supplied screws are
not suitable for the mounting surface.
• The ECU must be located within 0.5 m (19 in.) of the pump.
◦ The cables connecting the ECU to the pump cannot be
extended.
• The ECU must be mounted in a location where it will not be
submerged or exposed to wash down.
• The ECU power cable connects to the boat battery, and it
can be extended if needed (Power Cable Extensions).
Shadow Drive™ Mounting Considerations
NOTE: The Shadow Drive is a sensor you install in the hydraulic
steering lines of your boat. It detects when you manually take
control of the helm and suspends autopilot control of the boat.
• The Shadow Drive must be mounted horizontally and as level
as possible, with cable ties firmly securing it in place.
• The Shadow Drive must be mounted at least 305 mm (12 in.)
away from magnetic materials or devices, such as speakers
or electric motors.
• The Shadow Drive should be mounted closer to the helm
than to the pump.
• The Shadow Drive should be mounted lower than the helm,
but higher than the pump.
• The Shadow Drive must not be connected directly to the
fitting at the back of the helm. There must be a length of hose
between the fitting at the helm and the Shadow Drive.
• The Shadow Drive must not be connected directly to a
hydraulic T-connector in the hydraulic line. There must be a
length of hose between a T-connector and the Shadow Drive.
• In a single-helm installation, there must not be a T-connector
between the helm and the Shadow Drive.
• In a dual-helm installation, the Shadow Drive should be
installed between the pump and the hydraulic T-connector
that leads to the upper and lower helm, closer to the helm
than to the T-connector.
• The Shadow Drive must be installed in either the starboard
steering line or the port steering line.
The Shadow Drive must not be installed in either the return
line or the high-pressure line, if applicable.
Alarm Mounting and Connection Considerations
• The alarm should be mounted near the primary helm station.
• The alarm can be mounted under the dashboard.
• If needed, the alarm wires can be extended with 28 AWG
(0.08 mm2) wire.
NMEA 2000 Connection Considerations
• The CCU and the helm control must connect to a NMEA
2000 network.
• If your boat does not already have a NMEA 2000 network,
one can be built using the included NMEA 2000 cables and
connectors (Building a Basic NMEA 2000 Network for the
Autopilot System).
• To use the advanced features of the autopilot, optional
NMEA 2000 devices, such as a wind sensor, a water-speed
sensor, or a GPS device, can be connected to the NMEA
2000 network.
Power and Data Layout
WARNING
When connecting the power cable, do not remove the in-line
fuse holder. To prevent the possibility of injury or product
damage caused by fire or overheating, the appropriate fuse
must be in place as indicated in the product specifications. In
addition, connecting the power cable without the appropriate
fuse in place will void the product warranty.
2
Item Description Important Considerations
Helm control
À
Helm control
Á
data cable
NMEA 2000
Â
power cable
NMEA 2000
Ã
network
ECU
Ä
CCU The CCU can be mounted in a non-submerged
Å
ECU power
Æ
cable
CCU cable To extend this cable to reach the ECU,
Ç
Pump This diagram shows only the electrical
È
Alarm The alarm provides audible alerts from the
É
Shadow Drive The Shadow Drive must be installed properly in
This cable should be installed only if you are
connecting the autopilot to optional NMEA 0183
devices, such as a wind sensor, a water-speed
sensor, or a GPS device (NMEA 0183
Connection Considerations).
This cable should be installed only if you are
building a NMEA 2000 network. Do not install
this cable if there is an existing NMEA 2000
network on your boat.
The NMEA 2000 power cable must be
connected to a 9 to 16 Vdc power source.
The helm control and the CCU must be
connected to a NMEA 2000 network using the
included T-connectors (NMEA 2000 Connection
Considerations).
If there is not an existing NMEA 2000 network
on your boat, you can build one using the
supplied cables and connectors (Building a
Basic NMEA 2000 Network for the Autopilot
System).
location near the center of the boat, in any
orientation (CCU Mounting and Connection
Considerations).
The CCU must be located away from sources of
magnetic interference.
The ECU must be connected to a 12 to 24 Vdc
power source. To extend this cable, use the
correct wire gauge (Power Cable Extensions).
extensions (sold separately) may be necessary
(CCU Mounting and Connection
Considerations).
This cable connects to the alarm and the
Shadow Drive.
connections for the pump (sold separately).
Detailed installation instructions are included
with the pump.
autopilot system, and should be installed near
the helm control (Installing the Alarm).
the hydraulic steering line, and connected to the
CCU cable (Installing the Shadow Drive).
Component Layout
Single-Helm Layout
NOTE: This diagram is for planning purposes only. If needed,
specific connection diagrams are included in the detailed
installation instructions for each component.
Hydraulic connections are not shown in this diagram.
Item Description Important Considerations
Helm control
À
Pump
Á
ECU
Â
12 to 24 Vdc
Ã
battery
CCU The CCU can be mounted in a non-submerged
Ä
NMEA 2000
Å
network
Dual-Helm Layout Guidelines
NOTE: This diagram is for planning purposes only. If needed,
specific connection diagrams are included in the detailed
installation instructions for each component.
Hydraulic connections are not shown in this diagram.
Item Description Important Considerations
Helm control
À
12 to 24 Vdc
Á
battery
Pump
Â
ECU
Ã
The ECU must be connected to a 12 to 24 Vdc
power source. To extend this cable, use the
correct wire gauge (Power Cable Extensions).
The NMEA 2000 power cable must be
connected to a 9 to 16 Vdc power source.
location near the center of the boat, in any
orientation (CCU Mounting and Connection
Considerations).
The CCU must be located away from sources of
magnetic interference.
The helm control and the CCU must be
connected to a NMEA 2000 network using the
included T-connectors (NMEA 2000 Connection
Considerations).
If there is not an existing NMEA 2000 network
on your boat, you can build one using the
supplied cables and connectors (Building a
Basic NMEA 2000 Network for the Autopilot
System).
The ECU must be connected to a 12 to 24 Vdc
power source. To extend this cable, use the
correct wire gauge (Power Cable Extensions).
The NMEA 2000 power cable must be
connected to a 9 to 16 Vdc power source.
3
Item Description Important Considerations
NMEA 2000
Ä
network
CCU The CCU can be mounted in a non-submerged
Å
The helm control and the CCU must be
connected to a NMEA 2000 network using the
included T-connectors (NMEA 2000 Connection
Considerations).
If there is not an existing NMEA 2000 network
on your boat, you can build one using the
supplied cables and connectors (Building a
Basic NMEA 2000 Network for the Autopilot
System).
location near the center of the boat, in any
orientation (CCU Mounting and Connection
Considerations).
The CCU must be located away from sources of
magnetic interference.
Installation Procedures
CAUTION
Always wear safety goggles, ear protection, and a dust mask
when drilling, cutting, or sanding.
NOTICE
When drilling or cutting, always check what is on the opposite
side of the surface.
After you have planned the autopilot installation on your boat
and satisfied all of the mounting and wiring considerations for
your particular installation, you can begin mounting and
connecting the components.
Helm Control Installation
You must Install the helm control by flush-mounting it in the
dashboard near the helm and connecting it to a NMEA 2000
network.
To use advanced features of the autopilot, optional NMEA 2000compatible or NMEA 0183-compatible devices, such as a wind
sensor, water-speed sensor, or GPS device, can be connected
to the NMEA 2000 network or connected to the helm control
through NMEA 0183.
Mounting the Helm Control
NOTICE
If you are mounting the device in fiberglass, when drilling the
four pilot holes, it is recommended to use a countersink bit to
drill a clearance counterbore through only the top gel-coat layer.
This will help to avoid any cracking in the gel-coat layer when
the screws are tightened.
Stainless-steel screws may bind when screwed into fiberglass
and overtightened. Garmin recommends applying an anti-seize
lubricant to the screws before installing them.
Before you can mount the helm control, you must select a
mounting location (Helm Control Mounting Considerations).
Trim the flush-mount template and ensure it fits in the
1
selected mounting location.
The flush-mount template is included in the helm control
product box.
Secure the template to the selected mounting location.
2
If you plan to cut the hole with a rotary cutting tool instead of
3
a 90 mm (3.5 in.) hole saw, use a 10 mm (3/8 in.) drill bit to
drill a pilot hole as indicated on the template to begin cutting
the mounting surface.
Using the hole saw or rotary cutting tool, cut the mounting
4
surface along the inside of the dashed line indicated on the
template.
If necessary, use a file and sandpaper to refine the size of
5
the hole.
Place the helm control into the cutout to confirm that the four
6
mounting holes on the template are in the correct locations.
If the mounting holes are not correct, mark the correct
7
locations of the four mounting holes.
Remove the helm control from the cutout.
8
Drill the four 2.8 mm (7/64 in.) pilot holes.
9
If you are mounting the helm control in fiberglass, you should
use a countersink bit as advised in the notice.
Remove the remainder of the template.
10
Place the included gasket on the back of the device.
11
You can apply marine sealant around the gasket to prevent
leakage behind the dashboard (optional).
Place the helm control into the cutout.
12
Securely fasten the helm control to the mounting surface
13
using the supplied screws.
If you are mounting the helm control in fiberglass, you should
use an anti-seize lubricant as advised in the notice.
Snap the decorative bezel À into place.
14
Mounting the CCU
Determine the mounting location.
1
Using the CCU as a template, mark the two pilot hole
2
locations on the mounting surface.
Using a 3 mm (1/8 in.) bit, drill the pilot holes.
3
Use the included screws to attach the CCU to the mounting
4
surface.
ECU Installation
Mounting the ECU
Before you can mount the ECU, you must select a location and
determine the correct mounting hardware (ECU Mounting and
Connection Considerations).
Hold the ECU in the intended mounting location and mark the
1
locations of the mounting holes on the mounting surface,
using the ECU as a template.
Using a drill bit appropriate for the mounting surface and
2
selected mounting hardware, drill the four holes through the
mounting surface.
Secure the ECU to the mounting surface using the selected
3
mounting hardware.
Connecting the ECU to Power
WARNING
When connecting the power cable, do not remove the in-line
fuse holder. To prevent the possibility of injury or product
damage caused by fire or overheating, the appropriate fuse
must be in place as indicated in the product specifications. In
addition, connecting the power cable without the appropriate
fuse in place will void the product warranty.
You should connect the ECU power cable directly to the boat
battery, if possible. Although it is not recommended, if you
connect the power cable to a terminal block or other source, you
must connect it through a 40 A fuse.
4
If you plan to route the ECU power through a breaker or a switch
near the helm, you should consider using an appropriately sized
relay and control wire instead of extending the ECU power
cable.
Route the connector-terminated end of the ECU power cable
1
to the ECU, but do not connect it to the ECU.
Route the bare-wire end of the ECU power cable to the boat
2
battery.
If the wire is not long enough, it can be extended (Power
Cable Extensions).
Connect the black wire (-) to the negative (-) terminal of the
3
battery, and connect the red wire (+) to the positive (+)
terminal of the battery.
After you install all of the other autopilot components,
4
connect the power cable to the ECU.
Power Cable Extensions
If necessary, the power cable can be extended using the
appropriate wire gauge for the length of the extension.
Item Description
À
Á
Â
Item Description
À
Á
Â
Ã
Ä
Å
Æ
Item Description
À
Á
Â
Ã
Ä
Å
Æ
Item Description
À
Á
Â
Fuse
Battery
9 ft. (2.7 m) no extension
Splice
10 AWG (5.26 mm²) extension wire
Fuse
8 in. (20.3 cm)
Battery
8 in. (20.3 cm)
Up to 15 ft. (4.6 m)
Splice
8 AWG (8.36 mm²) extension wire
Fuse
8 in. (20.3 cm)
Battery
8 in. (20.3 cm)
Up to 23 ft. (7 m)
Splice
6 AWG ( 13.29 mm²) extension wire
Fuse
Item Description
Ã
Ä
Å
Æ
8 in. (20.3 cm)
Battery
8 in. (20.3 cm)
Up to 36 ft. (11 m)
Installing the Pump
The pump (sold separately) must be installed in your hydraulic
steering lines so the GHP Reactor Hydraulic autopilot can steer
your boat. When you purchase a pump sold by Garmin, it will
have the correct cables, connectors, and instructions.
Follow the installation instructions provided with your pump to
mount it and connect it to your hydraulic steering system
correctly.
Bleeding the Hydraulics
NOTICE
This is a general procedure for bleeding a hydraulic steering
system. Refer to the instructions provided by the manufacturer
of the steering system for more-specific information about
bleeding the system.
Before you bleed the hydraulic system, you should verify that all
hose connections are complete and fully tightened.
Select an option:
1
• If the helm reservoir contains insufficient fluid, fill it as
needed.
• If the helm reservoir contains excess fluid, remove the
excess to avoid fluid overflow during the bleeding process.
Insert a bypass hose between the cylinder bleed ports.
2
TIP: If you use a clear plastic hose for this bypass, you can
observe air bubbles during the bleeding processes.
Manually steer the helm fully to port.
3
Open both bypass valves at the cylinder fittings.
4
Manually turn the helm slowly to port over three minutes.
5
TIP: You can stop turning when you no longer see air moving
through the bypass hose.
Turn on the autopilot system and disable the Shadow Drive.
6
You can refer to the autopilot system documentation for more
information on disabling the Shadow Drive.
Hold (port) on the helm control for at least 10 seconds.
7
TIP: You can stop holding when you no longer see air
moving through the bypass hose.
Close both bypass valves at the cylinder fittings.
8
If necessary, add fluid to the helm reservoir.
9
Repeat steps 3 through 9 for the starboard side.
10
Hold (port) on the helm control until steering stops and
11
Hydraulic Pump Stall is shown on the helm control.
Hold (starboard) on the helm control until steering stops
12
and Hydraulic Pump Stall is shown on the helm control.
Select an option:
13
• If Hydraulic Pump Stall is not shown within 2 to 3
seconds after the cylinder stops, repeat steps 1-13 to
bleed the system again.
• If Hydraulic Pump Stall is shown within 2 to 3 seconds
after the cylinder stops, the system bleed completed
successfully.
After hydraulic bleeding is complete, you can re-enable the
Shadow Drive.
5
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