Fujitsu MHA2032AT, MHA2021AT User Manual
MHA2021AT, MHA2032AT
DISK DRIVES
PRODUCT MANUAL
C141-E042-01EN
FOR SAFE OPERATION
Handling of This Manual
This manual contains important information for using this product. Read thoroughly before using
the product. Use this product only after thoroughly reading and understanding especially the
section “Important Alert Items” in this manual. Keep this manual handy, and keep it carefully.
FUJITSU makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from suffering
damage to their property. Use the product according to this manual.
IMPORTANT NOTE TO USERS
READ THE ENTIRE MANUAL CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS PRODUCT.
INCORRECT USE OF THE PRODUCT MAY RESULT IN INJURY OR DAMAGE TO
USERS, BYSTANDERS OR PROPERTY.
While FUJITSU has sought to ensure the accuracy of all information in this manual, FUJITSU
assumes no liability to any party for any damage caused by any error or omission contained in this
manual, its updates or supplements, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence,
accident, or any other cause. In addition, FUJITSU assumes no liability with respect to the
application or use of any product or system in accordance with the descriptions or instructions
contained herein; including any liability for incidental or consequential damages arising therefrom.
FUJITSU DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES REGARDING THE INFORMATION
CONTAINED HEREIN, WHETHER EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY.
FUJITSU reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein without further
notice and without obligation.
The contents of this manual may be revised without prior notice.
The contents of this manual shall not be disclosed in any way or reproduced in any media without
the express written permission of Fujitsu Limited.
All Rights Reserved, Copyright FUJITSU LIMITED 1997
C141-E042-01EN
Revision History
(1/1)
Edition Date Revised section (*1)
(Added/Deleted/Altered)
01 1997-07-15 — —
Details
*1 Section(s) with asterisk (*) refer to the previous edition when those were deleted.
C141-E042-01EN
This manual describes the MHA2021AT and MHA2032AT, 2.5-inch hard disk
drives. These drives have a built-in controller that is compatible with the ATA
interface.
This manual describes the specifications and functions of the drives and explains
in detail how to incorporate the drives into user systems. This manual assumes
that the reader has a basic knowledge of hard disk drives and their implementations
in computer systems.
This manual consists of seven chapters and sections explaining the special
terminology and abbreviations used in this manual:
Overview of Manual
CHAPTER 1 Drive Overview
This chapter gives an overview of the MHA2021AT and MHA2032AT and
describes their features.
Preface
CHAPTER 2 Drive Configuration
This chapter describes the internal configurations of the MHA2021AT and
MHA2032AT and the configuration of the systems in which they operate.
CHAPTER 3 Drive Installation
This chapter describes the external dimensions, installation conditions, and switch
settings of the MHA2021AT and MHA2032AT.
CHAPTER 4 Theory of Drive Operation
This chapter describes the operation theory of the MHA2021AT and
MHA2032AT.
CHAPTER 5 Interface Specifications
This chapter describes the interface specifications of the MHA2021AT and
MHA2032AT.
CHAPTER 6 Interface Operations
This chapter describes the operations of the MHA2021AT and MHA2032AT.
CHAPTER 7 Miscellaneous
This chapter describes how to reformat the MHA2021AT and MHA2032AT.
Terminology
This section explains the special terminology used in this manual.
C141-E042-01EN i
Preface
Abbreviation
This section gives the meanings of the definitions used in this manual.
Conventions for Alert Messages
This manual uses the following conventions to show the alert messages. An alert
message consists of an alert signal and alert statements. The alert signal consists
of an alert symbol and a signal word or just a signal word.
The following are the alert signals and their meanings:
This indicates a hazarous situation could result in
minor or moderate personal injury if the user does
not perform the procedure correctly. This alert
signal also indicates that damages to the product or
other property, may occur if the user does not
perform the procedure correctly.
This indicates information that could help the user
use the product more efficiently.
In the text, the alert signal is centered, followed below by the indented message. A
wider line space precedes and follows the alert message to show where the alert
message begins and ends. The following is an example:
(Example)
Data corruption: Avoid mounting the disk drive near strong
magnetic sources such as loud speakers. Ensure that the disk drive is
not affected by external magnetic fields.
The main alert messages in the text are also listed in the “Important Alert Items.”
Operating Environment
This product is designed to be used in offices or computer rooms.
For details regarding the operating environment of use, refer to the
(Cnnn-Xnnn) and the
(Cnnn-Xnnn).
Attention
Please forward any comments you may have regarding this manual.
ii C141-E042-01EN
To make this manual easier for users to understand, opinions from readers are
needed. Please write your opinions or requests on the Comment at the back of this
manual and forward it to the address described in the sheet.
Liability Exception
“Disk drive defects” refers to defects that involve adjustment, repair, or
replacement.
Fujitsu is not liable for any other disk drive defects, such as those caused by user
misoperation or mishandling, inappropriate operating environments, defects in the
power supply or cable, problems of the host system, or other causes outside the
disk drive.
Preface
C141-E042-01EN iii
Important Alert Items
Important Alert Messages
The important alert messages in this manual are as follows:
A hazardous situation could result in minor or moderate personal
injury if the user does not perform the procedure correctly. Also,
damage to the predate or other property, may occur if the user does
not perform the procedure correctly.
Task Alert message Page
Normal Operation Data corruption: Avoid mounting the disk near strong
magnetic soures such as loud speakers. Ensure that the disk
drive is not affected by extrnal magnetic fields.
3-6
C141-E042-01EN v
Contents
CHAPTER 1 Device Overview .......................................................................1-1
1.1 Features 1-2
1.1.1 Functions and performance 1-2
1.1.2 Adaptability 1-2
1.1.3 Interface 1-2
1.2 Device Specifications 1-4
1.2.1 Specifications summary 1-4
1.2.2 Model and product number 1-5
1.3 Power Requirements 1-5
1.4 Environmental Specifications 1-7
1.5 Acoustic Noise 1-7
1.6 Shock and Vibration 1-8
1.7 Reliability 1-8
1.8 Error Rate 1-9
1.9 Media Defects 1-9
CHAPTER 2 Device Configuration................................................................2-1
2.1 Device Configuration 2-2
2.2 System Configuration 2-4
2.2.1 ATA interface 2-4
2.2.2 1 drive connection 2-4
2.2.3 2 drives connection 2-5
C141-E042-01EN vii
Contents
CHAPTER 3 Installation Conditions..............................................................3-1
3.1 Dimensions 3-2
3.2 Mounting 3-3
3.3 Cable Connections 3-7
3.3.1 Device connector 3-7
3.3.2 Cable connector specifications 3-8
3.3.3 Device connection 3-8
3.3.4 Power supply connector (CN1) 3-9
3.4 Jumper Settings 3-9
3.4.1 Location of setting jumpers 3-9
3.4.2 Factory default setting 3-10
3.4.3 Master drive-slave drive setting 3-10
3.4.4 CSEL setting 3-11
CHAPTER 4 Theory of Device Operation......................................................4-1
4.1 Outline 4-2
4.2 Subassemblies 4-2
4.2.1 Disk 4-2
4.2.2 Head 4-2
4.2.3 Spindle 4-3
4.2.4 Actuator 4-3
4.2.5 Air filter 4-3
4.3 Circuit Configuration 4-4
4.4 Power-on Sequence 4-6
4.5 Self-calibration 4-7
4.5.1 Self-calibration contents 4-7
4.5.2 Execution timing of self-calibration 4-8
4.5.3 Command processing during self-calibration 4-9
4.6 Read/write Circuit 4-9
4.6.1 Read/write preamplifier (PreAMP) 4-9
4.6.2 Write circuit 4-10
viii C141-E042-01EN
Contents
4.6.3 Read circuit 4-12
4.6.4 Time base generator circuit 4-13
4.7 Servo Control 4-14
4.7.1 Servo control circuit 4-14
4.7.2 Data-surface servo format 4-18
4.7.3 Servo frame format 4-18
4.7.4 Actuator motor control 4-19
4.7.5 Spindle motor control 4-20
CHAPTER 5 Interface.....................................................................................5-1
5.1 Physical Interface 5-2
5.1.1 Interface signals 5-2
5.1.2 Signal assignment on the connector 5-2
5.2 Logical Interface 5-6
5.2.1 I/O registers 5-6
5.2.2 Command block registers 5-8
5.2.3 Control block registers 5-13
5.3 Host Commands 5-13
5.3.1 Command code and parameters 5-14
5.3.2 Command descriptions 5-16
5.3.3 Error posting 5-67
5.4 Command Protocol 5-69
5.4.1 Data transferring commands from device to host 5-69
5.4.2 Data transferring commands from host to device 5-71
5.4.3 Commands without data transfer 5-73
5.4.4 Other commands 5-74
5.4.5 DMA data transfer commands 5-74
5.5 Timing 5-76
5.5.1 PIO data transfer 5-76
5.5.2 Single word DMA data transfer 5-78
5.5.3 Multiword DMA data transfer 5-79
5.5.4 Power-on and reset 5-79
C141-E042-01EN ix
Contents
CHAPTER 6 Operations..................................................................................6-1
6.1 Device Response to the Reset 6-2
6.1.1 Response to power-on 6-2
6.1.2 Response to hardware reset 6-4
6.1.3 Response to software reset 6-5
6.1.4 Response to diagnostic command 6-6
6.2 Address Translation 6-7
6.2.1 Default parameters 6-7
6.2.2 Logical address 6-8
6.3 Power Save 6-9
6.3.1 Power save mode 6-9
6.3.2 Power commands 6-11
6.4 Defect Management 6-11
6.4.1 Spare area 6-12
6.4.2 Alternating defective sectors 6-12
6.5 Read-Ahead Cache 6-14
6.5.1 Data buffer configuration 6-14
6.5.2 Caching operation 6-14
6.5.3 Usage of read segment 6-16
6.6 Write Cache 6-22
Glossary ..................................................................................................GL-1
Acronyms and Abbreviations........................................................................ AB-1
Index ...................................................................................................IN-1
x C141-E042-01EN
Figures
Contents
Illustrations
Figure 1.1 Current fluctuation (Typ.) at +5V when power is turned on 1-6
Figure 2.1 Disk drive outerview 2-2
Figure 2.2 Configuration of disk media heads 2-3
Figure 2.3 1 drive system configuration 2-4
Figure 2.4 2 drives configuration 2-5
Figure 3.1 Dimensions 3-2
Figure 3.2 Orientation 3-3
Figure 3.3 Mounting frame structure 3-4
Figure 3.4 Surface temperature measurement points 3-5
Figure 3.5 Service area 3-6
Figure 3.6 Connector locations 3-7
Figure 3.7 Cable connections 3-8
Figure 3.8 Power supply connector pins (CN1) 3-9
Figure 3.9 Jumper location 3-9
Figure 3.10 Factory default setting 3-10
Figure 3.11 Jumper setting of master or slave device 3-10
Figure 3.12 CSEL setting 3-11
Figure 3.13 Example (1) of Cable Select 3-11
Figure 3.14 Example (2) of Cable Select 3-12
Figure 4.1 Head structure 4-3
Figure 4.2 Circuit Configuration 4-5
Figure 4.3 Power-on operation sequence 4-7
Figure 4.4 Read/write circuit block diagram 4-11
Figure 4.5 Frequency characteristic of programmable filter 4-12
Figure 4.6 Block diagram of servo control circuit 4-14
Figure 4.7 Physical sector servo configuration on disk surface 4-16
Figure 4.8 Servo frame format 4-18
Figure 5.1 Interface signals 5-2
Figure 5.2 Execution example of READ MULTIPLE command 5-20
Figure 5.3 Read Sector(s) command protocol 5-70
Figure 5.4 Protocol for command abort 5-71
Figure 5.5 WRITE SECTOR(S) command protocol 5-72
C141-E042-01EN xi
Contents
Figure 5.6 Protocol for the command execution without data transfer 5-73
Figure 5.7 Normal DMA data transfer 5-75
Figure 5.8 Data transfer timing 5-77
Figure 5.9 Single word DMA data transfer timing (mode 2) 5-78
Figure 5.10 Multiword DMA data transfer timing (mode 2) 5-79
Figure 5.11 Power on Reset Timing 5-80
Figure 6.1 Response to power-on 6-3
Figure 6.2 Response to hardware reset 6-4
Figure 6.3 Response to software reset 6-5
Figure 6.4 Response to diagnostic command 6-6
Figure 6.5 Address translation (example in CHS mode) 6-8
Figure 6.6 Address translation (example in LBA mode) 6-9
Figure 6.7 Sector slip processing 6-12
Figure 6.8 Alternate cylinder assignment 6-13
Figure 6.9 Data buffer configuration 6-14
Tables
Table 1.1 Specifications 1-4
Table 1.2 Model names and product numbers 1-5
Table 1.3 Current and power dissipation 1-6
Table 1.4 Environmental specifications 1-7
Table 1.5 Acoustic noise specification 1-7
Table 1.6 Shock and vibration specification 1-8
Table 3.1 Surface temperature measurement points and standard values 3-5
Table 3.2 Cable connector specifications 3-8
Table 4.1 Self-calibration execution timechart 4-9
Table 4.2 Write precompensation algorithm 4-10
Table 4.3 Write clock freqeuncy and recording density (BPI) of each zone
4-13
Table 5.1 Signal assignment on the interface connector 5-3
Table 5.2 I/O registers 5-7
Table 5.3 Command code and parameters 5-14
Table 5.4 Information to be read by IDENTIFY DEVICE command 5-32
Table 5.5 Features register values and settable modes 5-38
Table 5.6 Diagnostic code 5-43
Table 5.7 Features Register values (subcommands) and functions 5-54
Table 5.8 Format of device attribute value data 5-56
Table 5.9 Format of insurance failure threshold value data 5-57
xii C141-E042-01EN
Contents
Table 5.10 Contents of security password 5-59
Table 5.11 Contents of SECURITY SET PASSWORD data 5-64
Table 5.12 Relationship between combination of Identifier and Security level,
and operation of the lock function 5-65
Table 5.13 Command code and parameters 5-67
Table 6.1 Default parameters 6-7
C141-E042-01EN xiii
CHAPTER 1 Device Overview
1.1 Features
1.2 Device Specifications
1.3 Power Requirements
1.4 Environment Specifications
1.5 Acoustic Noise
1.6 Shock and Vibration
1.7 Reliability
1.8 Error Rate
1.9 Media Defects
Overview and features are described in this chapter, and specifications and power
requirement are described.
The MHA2021AT and MHA2032AT are 2.5-inch hard disk drives with built-in
disk controllers. These disk drives use the AT-bus hard disk interface protocol
and are compact and reliable.
C141-E042-01EN 1-1
Device Overview
1.1 Features
1.1.1 Functions and performance
(1) Compact
The disk has 1 or 2 disks of 65 mm (2.5 inches) diameter, and its height is 12.5
mm (0.492 inch).
(2) Large capacity
The disk drive can record up to 1,083 MB (formatted) on one disk using the (8/9)
PRML recording method and 13 recording zone technology. The MHA2021AT
and MHA2032AT have a formatted capacity of 2,167 MB and 3,251 MB
respectively.
(3) High-speed Transfer rate
The disk drive has an internal data rate up to 8.92 MB/s. The disk drive supports
an external data rate up to 16.6 MB/s.
(4) Average positioning time
Use of a rotary voice coil motor in the head positioning mechanism greatly
increases the positioning speed. The average positioning time is 13 ms (at read).
1.1.2 Adaptability
(1) Power save mode
The power save mode feature for idle operation, stand by and sleep modes makes
the disk drive ideal for applications where power consumption is a factor.
(2) Wide temperature range
The disk drive can be used over a wide temperature range (5°C to 55°C).
(3) Low noise and vibration
In Ready status, the noise of the disk drive is only about 30 dBA (measured at 1 m
apart from the drive under the idle mode).
1.1.3 Interface
(1) Connection to interface
With the built-in ATA interface controller, the disk drive can be connected to an
ATA interface of a personal computer.
1-2 C141-E042-01EN
(2) 128-KB data buffer
The disk drive uses a 128-KB data buffer to transfer data between the host and the
disk media.
In combination with the read-ahead cache system described in item (3) and the
write cache described in item (7), the buffer contributes to efficient I/O
processing.
(3) Read-ahead cache system
After the execution of a disk read command, the disk drive automatically reads
the subsequent data block and writes it to the data buffer (read ahead operation).
This cache system enables fast data access. The next disk read command would
normally cause another disk access. But, if the read ahead data corresponds to the
data requested by the next read command, the data in the buffer can be transferred
instead.
(4) Master/slave
The disk drive can be connected to ATA interface as daisy chain configuration.
Drive 0 is a master device, drive 1 is a slave device.
1.1 Features
(5) Error correction and retry by ECC
If a recoverable error occurs, the disk drive itself attempts error recovery. The
ECC has improved buffer error correction for correctable data errors.
(6) Self-diagnosis
The disk drive has a diagnostic function to check operation of the controller and
disk drive. Executing the diagnostic command invokes self-diagnosis.
(7) Write cache
When the disk drive receives a write command, the disk drive posts the command
completion at completion of transferring data to the data buffer completion of
writing to the disk media. This feature reduces the access time at writing.
C141-E042-01EN 1-3
Device Overview
1.2 Device Specifications
1.2.1 Specifications summary
Table 1.1 shows the specfications of the disk drive.
Table 1.1 Specifications
MHA2021AT MHA2032AT
Format Capacity (*1) 2.16 GB 3.25 GB
Number of Heads 4 6
Number of Cylinders (User) 6,372
Bytes per Sector 512
Recording Method (8/9) PRML
Track Density 10,555 TPI
Bit Density 157,422 BPI
Rotational Speed 4,000 rpm ± 1%
Average Latency 7.5 ms
Positioning time (read and seek)
• Minimum (Track to Track)
• Average
• Maximum (Full)
Start/Stop time
• Start (0 rpm to Drive Read)
• Stop (at Power Down)
(when the command is stopped) (when the power is off)
Interface ATA-3 (Max. Cable length: 0.46 m)
Data Transfer Rate
• To/From Media
• To/From Host
Typ.: 5 sec, Max.: 10 sec
Typ.: 5 sec, Max.: 15 sec
(burst PIO mode 4, burst DMA mode 2)
2.5 ms (typ.)
Read: 13 ms (typ.)
23 ms (typ.)
4.93 to 8.92 MB/s
16.6 MB/s Max.
Data Buffer Size 128 KB
Physical Dimensions
(Height × Width × Depth)
Weight 145 g
1-4 C141-E042-01EN
12.5 mm × 100.0 mm × 70.0 mm
(0.49" × 3.94" × 2.75")
1.3 Power Requirements
*1: Capacity under the LBA mode.
Under the CHS mode (normal BIOS specification), formatted capacity,
number of cylinders, number of heads, and number of sectors are as
follows.
Model Formatted Capacity No. of Cylinder No. of Heads No. of Sectors
MHA2021AT 2,167.60 MB 4,200 16 63
MHA2032AT 3,251.40 MB 6,300 16 63
1.2.2 Model and product number
Table 1.2 lists the model names and product numbers.
Table 1.2 Model names and product numbers
Model Name Capacity
(user area)
MHA2021AT 2.16 GB M3, depth 3 CA01640-B040
MHA2032AT 3.25 GB M3, depth 3 CA01640-B060
1.3 Power Requirements
(1) Input Voltage
+ 5 V ± 5 %
•
(2) Ripple
Maximum 100 mV (peak to peak)
Frequency DC to 1 MHz
Mounting screw Order No.
+5 V
C141-E042-01EN 1-5
Device Overview
(3) Current Requirements and Power Dissipation
Table 1.3 lists the current and power dissipation.
Table 1.3 Current and power dissipation
Typical RMS Current Typical Power (*2)
Spin up (*1) 1.0 A Watts 5.0 W
Idle 0.236 A T.B.D T.B.D 1.18 W
R/W (*3) 0.5 A T.B.D T.B.D 2.5 W
Standby 0.076 A T.B.D T.B.D 0.38 W
Sleep 0.03 AT.B.D T.B.D 0.15 W
*1 Current at starting spindle motor.
*2 Power requirements reflect nominal values for +5V power.
*3 At 30% disk accessing.
(4) Current fluctuation (Typ.) at +5V when power is turned on
Figure 1.1 Current fluctuation (Typ.) at +5V when power is turned on
(5) Power on/off sequence
The voltage detector circuit monitors +5 V. The circuit does not allow a write
signal if either voltage is abnormal. This prevents data from being destroyed and
eliminates the need to be concerned with the power on/off sequence.
1-6 C141-E042-01EN
1.4 Environmental Specifications
Table 1.4 lists the environmental specifications.
Table 1.4 Environmental specifications
Temperature
1.5 Acoustic Noise
• Operating
• Non-operating
• Thermal Gradient
Humidity
• Operating
• Non-operating
• Maximum Wet Bulb
Altitude (relative to sea level)
• Operating
• Non-operating
1.5 Acoustic Noise
Table 1.5 lists the acoustic noise specification.
5°C to 55°C (ambient)
5°C to 60°C (disk enclosure surface)
–40°C to 65°C
20°C/h or less
8% to 90% RH (Non-condensing)
5% to 95% RH (Non-condensing)
29°C
–300 to 3,000 m (–200 to 10000 ft)
–300 to 12,000 m (–200 to 40000 ft)
Table 1.5 Acoustic noise specification
Sound Pressure
• Idle mode (DRIVE READY) 30 dBA typical at 1 m
C141-E042-01EN 1-7
Device Overview
1.6 Shock and Vibration
Table 1.6 lists the shock and vibration specification.
Table 1.6 Shock and vibration specification
Vibration (swept sine, one octave per minute)
• Operating
• Non-operating
Shock (half-sine pulse, 2 ms duration)
• Operating
• Non-operating
1.7 Reliability
(1) Mean time between failures (MTBF)
The mean time between failures (MTBF) is 300,000 H or more (operation: 24
hours/day, 7 days/week).
This does not include failures occurring during the first three months after
installation.
MTBF is defined as follows:
5 to 500 Hz, 1.0G0-peak
(without non-recovered errors) (9.8 m/s
2
5 to 500 Hz, 5G0-peak (no damage) (49 m/s
100G0-peak
(without non-recovered errors) (980 m/s
500G0-peak (no damage) (4,900 m/s
2
0-peak)
0-peak)
2
0-peak)
2
0-peak)
Total operation time in all fields
MTBF= (H)
number of device failure in all fields
“Disk drive defects” refers to defects that involve repair, readjustment, or
replacement. Disk drive defects do not include failures caused by external
factors, such as damage caused by handling, inappropriate operating
environments, defects in the power supply host system, or interface cable.
(2) Mean time to repair (MTTR)
The mean time to repair (MTTR) is 30 minutes or less, if repaired by a specialist
maintenance staff member.
1-8 C141-E042-01EN
(3) Service life
In situations where management and handling are correct, the disk drive requires
no overhaul for five years when the DE surface temperature is less than 48°C.
When the DE surface temperature exceeds 48°C, the disk drives requires no
overhaul for five years or 20,000 hours of operation, whichever occurs first.
Refer to item (3) in Subsection 3.2 for the measurement point of the DE surface
temperature.
(4) Data assurance in the event of power failure
Except for the data block being written to, the data on the disk media is assured in
the event of any power supply abnormalities. This does not include power supply
abnormalities during disk media initialization (formatting) or processing of
defects (alternative block assignment).
1.8 Error Rate
Known defects, for which alternative blocks can be assigned, are not included in
the error rate count below. It is assumed that the data blocks to be accessed are
evenly distributed on the disk media.
1.9 Media Defects
(1) Unrecoverable read error
Read errors that cannot be recovered by maximum 126 times read retries without
user’s retry and ECC corrections shall occur no more than 10 times when reading
data of 10
14
recovery procedure, and include read retries accompanying head offset
operations.
(2) Positioning error
Positioning (seek) errors that can be recovered by one retry shall occur no more
than 10 times in 10
1.9 Media Defects
Defective sectors are replaced with alternates when the disk is formatted prior to
shipment from the factory (low level format). Thus, the host sees a defect-free
device.
Alternate sectors are automatically accessed by the disk drive. The user need not
be concerned with access to alternate sectors.
bits. Read retries are executed according to the disk drive’s error
7
seek operations.
C141-E042-01EN 1-9
CHAPTER 2 Device Configuration
2.1 Device Configuration
2.2 System Configuration
This chapter describes the internal configurations of the hard disk drives and the
configuration of the systems in which they operate.
C141-E042-01EN 2-1
Device Configuration
2.1 Device Configuration
Figure 2.1 shows the disk drive. The disk drive consists of a disk enclosure (DE),
read/write preamplifier, and controller PCA. The disk enclosure contains the disk
media, heads, spindle motors, actuators, and a circulating air filter.
(1) Disk
(2) Head
Figure 2.1 Disk drive outerview
The outer diameter of the disk is 65 mm. The inner diameter is 20 mm. The
number of disks used varies with the model, as described below. The disks are
rated at over 50,000 start/stop operations.
MHA2021AT: 2 disk
MHA2032AT: 3 disks
The heads are of the contact start/stop (CSS) type. The head touches the disk
surface while the disk is not rotating and automatically lifts when the disk starts.
Figure 2.2 illustrates the configuration of the disks and heads of each model. In
the disk surface, servo information necessary for controlling positioning and
read/write and user data are written. Numerals 0 to 5 indicate read/write heads.
2-2 C141-E042-01EN
Head
0
1
2
3
2.1 Device Configuration
Head
0
1
2
3
4
5
(3) Spindle motor
(4) Actuator
MHA2021AT
Figure 2.2 Configuration of disk media heads
The disks are rotated by a direct drive Hall-less DC motor.
The actuator uses a revolving voice coil motor (VCM) structure which consumes
low power and generates very little heat. The head assembly at the edge of the
actuator arm is controlled and positioned by feedback of the servo information
read by the read/write head. If the power is not on or if the spindle motor is
stopped, the head assembly stays in the specific CSS zone on the disk and is fixed
by a mechanical lock.
MHA2032AT
C141-E042-01EN 2-3
Device Configuration
(5) Air circulation system
The disk enclosure (DE) is sealed to prevent dust and dirt from entering. The disk
enclosure features a closed loop air circulation system that relies on the blower
effect of the rotating disk. This system continuously circulates the air through the
circulation filter to maintain the cleanliness of the air within the disk enclosure.
(6) Read/write circuit
The read/write circuit uses a LSI chip for the read/write preamplifier. It improves
data reliability by preventing errors caused by external noise.
(7) Controller circuit
The controller circuit consists of an LSI chip to improve reliability. The highspeed microprocessor unit (MPU) achieves a high-performance AT controller.
2.2 System Configuration
2.2.1 ATA interface
Figures 2.3 and 2.4 show the ATA interface system configuration. The drive has
a 44-pin PC AT interface connector and supports the PIO transfer at 16.6 MB/s
(ATA-3, Mode 4), the DMA transfer at 16.6 MB/s (ATA-3, Multiword mode 2).
2.2.2 1 drive connection
Figure 2.3 1 drive system configuration
MHA2021AT
MHA2032AT
2-4 C141-E042-01EN
2.2.3 2 drives connection
2.2 System Configuration
(Host adaptor)
MHA2021AT
MHA2032AT
MHA2021AT
MHA2032AT
Note:
When the drive that is not conformed to ATA is connected to the disk drive above
configuration, the operation is not guaranteed.
Figure 2.4 2 drives configuration
HA (host adaptor) consists of address decoder, driver, and receiver.
ATA is an abbreviation of “AT attachment”. The disk drive is
conformed to the ATA-3 interface.
At high speed data transfer (PIO mode 3, mode 4, or DMA mode 2),
occurence of ringing or crosstalk of the signal lines (AT bus)
between the HA and the disk drive may be a great cause of the
obstruction of system reliability. Thus, it is necessary that the
capacitance of the signal lines including the HA and cable does not
exceed the ATA-3 standard, and the cable length between the HA
and the disk drive should be as short as possible.
C141-E042-01EN 2-5
CHAPTER 3 Installation Conditions
3.1 Dimensions
3.2 Mounting
3.3 Cable Connections
3.4 Jumper Settings
This chapter gives the external dimensions, installation conditions, surface
temperature conditions, cable connections, and switch settings of the hard disk
drives.
C141-E042-01EN 3-1
Installation Conditions
3.1 Dimensions
Figure 3.1 illustrates the dimensions of the disk drive and positions of the
mounting screw holes. All dimensions are in mm.
Figure 3.1 Dimensions
3-2 C141-E042-01EN
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