Fujitsu MBA3147RC, MBA3073RC, MBA3300RC, MBC2036RC, MBC2073RC User Manual
C141-C013-01EN
MBA3073RC, MBA3147RC, MBA3300RC SERIES,
MBB2073RC, MBB2147RC SERIES,
MBC2036RC, MBC2073RC SERIES
DISK DRIVES
SERIAL ATTACHED SCSI INTERFACE
SPECIFICATIONS
FOR SAFE OPERATION
Handling of This Manual
This manual contains important information for using this product. Read thoroughly before using
the product. Use this product only after thoroughly reading and understanding especially the
section "Important Alert Items" in this manual. Keep this manual handy, and keep it carefully.
FUJITSU makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from suffering
damage to their property. Use the product according to this manual.
This product is designed and manufactured for use in standard applications such as office work,
personal devices and household appliances. This product is not intended for special uses (atomic
controls, aeronautic or space systems, mass transport vehicle operating controls, medical devices for
life support, or weapons firing controls) where particularly high reliability requirements exist,
where the pertinent levels of safety are not guaranteed, or where a failure or operational error could
threaten a life or cause a physical injury (hereafter referred to as "mission-critical" use). Customers
considering the use of these products for mission-critical applications must have safety-assurance
measures in place beforehand. Moreover, they are requested to consult our sales representative
before embarking on such specialized use.
First Edition February 2007
The contents of this manual may be revised without prior notice.
The contents of this manual shall not be disclosed in any way or reproduced in any media without
the express written permission of Fujitsu Limited.
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © FUJITSU LIMITED 2007
C141-C013
Revision History
(1/1)
Edition Date
01 2007.02.28 — —
Revised section (*1)
(Added/Deleted/Altered)
Details
*1 Section(s) with asterisk (*) refer to the previous edition when those were deleted.
C141-C013
This page is intentionally left blank.
Preface
This manual explains concerning the hard disk drives with internal Serial Attached
SCSI (SAS) controller.
The purpose of this manual is to provide the specifications and functions of SAS
for use of these magnetic disk drives incorporated into user systems, and to present
the information necessary for creating host system software. This manual is written
for users who have a basic knowledge of hard disk drives and their use in computer
systems.
The composition of manuals related to these disk drives and the range of subjects
covered in this manual are shown in "Manual Organization," provided on a
subsequent page. Please use these other manuals along with this manual as
necessary.
The organization of this manual, related reference manual and conventions for alert
messages follow.
Overview of Manual
This manual consists of the following six chapters, glossary, abbreviation, and
index:
Chapter 1 SAS Interface
This chapter describes the topology, physical and electrical requirements, interface
protocol, and other operations of the interface.
Chapter 2 Command Processing
This chapter describes the basic logical specifications related to command
processing.
Chapter 3 Data Buffer Management
This chapter describes the data buffer configuration, data transfer processing
functions and cache operations.
Chapter 4 Command Specifications
This chapter describes detailed command specifications and how to use them.
Chapter 5 Parameter Data Format
This chapter describes the parameter data formats provided by the disk drives and
how to use them.
C141-C013 1
Preface
Chapter 6 Sense Data and Error Recovery Methods
This chapter describes the configuration and contents of sense data which report to
the host system when an error occurs, etc., key information necessary for error
recovery, recommended procedures for error recovery to be executed through host
system software and retry processing.
Chapter 7 Disk Media Management
This chapter describes the procedure for initializing the disk media, methods of
treating media defects and data recovery methods.
Glossary
The glossary explains technical terms which are necessary to the reader's
understanding when reading this manual.
Acronyms and Abbreviations
This list shows the full spelling of abbreviations used in this manual.
Index
2 C141-C013
Preface
CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL
The model names of the disk drives covered by this manual differ depending
on their device types and capacity (*1). In addition, these disk drives are called
Hard Disk Drive (HDD), "drive" or "device" in this manual.
Note: Model Name
M BA 3 147 RC
Interface type
Formatted capacity [One gigabyte (GB) = one billion
bytes; accessible capacity will be less
and actual capacity depends on the
operating environment and
formatting.]
Disk size 3: 3.5 inch
2: 2.5 inch
Type BA: 3.5-inch, 15,000rpm
BB: 2.5-inch, 10,025rpm
BC: 2.5-inch, 15,000rpm
Decimal numbers are represented normally.
Hexadecimal numbers are represented as shown in the following examples:
X'17B9', 17B9h, 17B9H, or 17B9H.
Binary number is represented as "010", 010b.
An X is used to represent mode parameters that are ignored by the MODE
SELECT and MODE SELECT EXTENDED commands. An X is also used
to represent mode parameters reported by the MODE SELECT and MODE
SELECT EXTENDED commands and that vary depending on conditions at
the time.
C141-C013 3
Preface
Conventions for Alert Messages
This manual uses the following conventions to show the alert messages. An alert
message consists of an alert signal and alert statements. The alert signal consists of
an alert symbol and a signal word or just a signal word.
The following are the alert signals and their meanings:
This indicates a hazardous situation likely to result in
serious personal injury if the user does not perform
the procedure correctly.
This indicates a hazardous situation could result in
serious personal injury if the user does not perform
the procedure correctly.
This indicates a hazardous situation could result in
minor or moderate personal injury if the user does
not perform the procedure correctly. This alert signal
also indicates that damages to the product or other
property, may occur if the user does not perform the
product correctly.
Attention
This indicates information that could help the user
use the product more efficiently.
In the text, the alert signal is centered, followed below by the indented message. A
wider line space precedes and follows the alert message to show where the alert
message begins and ends. The following is an example:
(Example)
It is possible to use bit 7 and bit 6 of the control byte as an inherent
control field in future product specifications. It is recommended that
the INIT specify zero in this field.
Please forward any comments you may have regarding this manual.
To make this manual easier for users to understand, opinions from readers are
needed. Please write your opinions or requests on the Comment at the back of this
manual and forward it to the address described in the sheet.
4 C141-C013
Preface
MANUAL ORGANIZATION
Product Maintenance
Manual
Interface Specifications
(This Manual)
1. General Description
2. Specifications
3. Data Format
4. Installation Requirements
5. Installation
6. Diagnostics and Maintenance
7. Error Analysis
1. Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Interface
2. Command Processing
3. Data Buffer Management
4. Command Specifications
5. Parameter Data Formats
6. Sense Data and Error Recovery
7. Disk Media Management
C141-C013 5
Preface
REFERENCED STANDARDS
The product specifications and functions described in this manual conform to the
following standards:
Specification
(document) number
T10/1562-D
Revision 05
T10/1601-D
Revision 10
T10/1236D
Revision 20
T10/996D
Revision 8C
T10/1157D
Revision 24
T10/1561
Revision 14
Name
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) American national
Serial Attached SCSI-1.1 (SAS-1.1) American national
Information technology SCSI Primary
Commands-2 (SPC-2)
Information Technology SCSI-3 Block
Commands (SBC)
Information technology SCSI-3 Architecture
Model (SAM-2)
Information technology SCSI-3 Architecture
Model (SAM-3)
Concerned
organization
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American national
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American national
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American national
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American national
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
6 C141-C013
Contents
CHAPTER 1 SAS Interface .............................................................................21
1.1 Topologies in SAS Interface....................................................................22
1.1.1 SAS Layering........................................................................................23
1.1.2 Physical links and phys .........................................................................24
1.1.3 Ports (narrow ports and wide ports) ......................................................24
1.1.4 SAS devices...........................................................................................26
1.1.5 Pathways................................................................................................27
1.1.6 Connections...........................................................................................28
1.2 Names and identifiers...............................................................................29
1.2.1 SAS addresses .......................................................................................29
1.2.2 Hashed SAS address..............................................................................30
1.3 Phy layer ..................................................................................................31
1.3.1 8b10b coding.........................................................................................31
1.3.2 Link reset sequence ...............................................................................32
1.3.3 Start conditions of the link reset sequence ............................................33
1.3.4 Out of band (OOB) signals....................................................................33
1.3.5 SAS OOB sequency ..............................................................................36
1.3.5.1 Exception handling in the OOB sequence.............................................38
1.3.6 SAS speed negotiation sequence...........................................................38
1.3.6.1 Phy reset sequence after devices are attached.......................................42
1.3.6.2 When the speed negotiation sequence is successful..............................43
1.3.6.3 Exception handling in the speed negotiation sequence.........................43
1.3.7 Phy layer dword synchronization (DWS)..............................................43
1.4 Link layer.................................................................................................44
1.4.1 Primitives...............................................................................................44
1.4.2 Primitive sequences...............................................................................47
1.4.3 Primitives not specific to type of connections.......................................47
1.4.3.1 AIP (Arbitration in progress).................................................................47
1.4.3.2 ALIGN...................................................................................................47
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Contents
1.4.3.3 BREAK................................................................................................. 48
1.4.3.4 BROADCAST...................................................................................... 48
1.4.3.5 CLOSE.................................................................................................. 49
1.4.3.6 EOAF (End of address frame).............................................................. 49
1.4.3.7 ERROR................................................................................................. 49
1.4.3.8 HARD_RESET..................................................................................... 49
1.4.3.9 NOTIFY................................................................................................ 50
1.4.3.10 OPEN_ACCEPT................................................................................ 50
1.4.3.11 OPEN_REJECT................................................................................. 50
1.4.3.12 SOAF (Start of address frame)........................................................... 53
1.4.4 Primitives used only inside SSP and SMP connections ....................... 54
1.4.4.1 ACK (acknowledge)............................................................................. 54
1.4.4.2 CREDIT_BLOCKED........................................................................... 54
1.4.4.3 DONE................................................................................................... 54
1.4.4.4 EOF (End of frame).............................................................................. 56
1.4.4.5 NAK (negative acknowledgement) ...................................................... 56
1.4.4.6 RRDY................................................................................................... 56
1.4.4.7 SOF (Start of frame)............................................................................. 56
1.4.5 Clock skew management...................................................................... 57
1.4.6 Idle physical link .................................................................................. 57
1.4.7 Scrambling............................................................................................58
1.5 Address frames........................................................................................ 59
1.5.1 Address frames overview...................................................................... 59
1.5.2 IDENTIFY address frame..................................................................... 60
1.5.3 OPEN address frame............................................................................. 62
1.5.4 Identification and hard reset sequence.................................................. 65
1.5.5 Connections.......................................................................................... 66
1.5.5.1 Connections overview .......................................................................... 66
1.5.5.2 Connection request............................................................................... 66
1.5.5.3 Connection responses........................................................................... 67
1.5.5.4 Arbitration fairness............................................................................... 67
1.5.5.5 Aborting a connection request.............................................................. 69
1.5.5.6 Closing a connection ............................................................................ 70
1.5.5.7 Breaking a connection.......................................................................... 71
1.5.5.8 Rate matching....................................................................................... 71
8 C141-C013
Contents
1.5.6 SSP link layer........................................................................................72
1.5.6.1 SSP frame transmission and reception..................................................73
1.5.6.2 SSP flow control....................................................................................73
1.5.6.3 Interlocked frames.................................................................................73
1.5.6.4 Closing an SSP connection....................................................................76
1.6 Transport layer.........................................................................................78
1.6.1 SSP frame format ..................................................................................78
1.6.2 Information units...................................................................................81
1.6.2.1 COMMAND information unit...............................................................81
1.6.2.2 TASK information unit..........................................................................84
1.6.2.3 XFER_RDY information unit...............................................................86
1.6.2.4 DATA information unit.........................................................................89
1.6.2.5 RESPONSE information unit................................................................92
1.6.3 Sequences of SSP frames ......................................................................96
1.6.4 Exceptional event processing of a drive................................................98
CHAPTER 2 Command Processing.............................................................103
2.1 Command Format ..................................................................................103
2.2 Status Byte .............................................................................................108
2.3 Command Queuing Function.................................................................110
2.4 UNIT ATTENTION Condition .............................................................111
2.4.1 Generation of the UNIT ATTENTION condition...............................111
2.4.2 Response and release condition at UNIT ATTENTION condition
hol d s t ate...............................................................................................112
2.4.3 UNIT ATTENTION condition multiple hold .....................................113
2.5 Sense Data Hold State............................................................................113
2.6 Power Condition ....................................................................................114
2.7 LED Display ..........................................................................................116
2.8 Command Processing Exceptions..........................................................116
2.8.1 Overlapped tag ....................................................................................116
2.8.2 Illegal LUN specification....................................................................117
C141-C013 9
Contents
2.8.3 Reserved operation code.....................................................................118
2.8.4 Error recovery processing...................................................................118
2.8.5 Abort processing................................................................................. 119
2.8.6 Fatal hardware errors.......................................................................... 122
2.9 Data Block Addressing.......................................................................... 122
2.9.1 Definition of data space...................................................................... 122
2.9.2 Logical block addressing.................................................................... 125
CHAPTER 3 Data Buffer Management........................................................ 127
3.1 Data Buffer............................................................................................ 127
3.1.1 Data buffer configuration and basic operation ................................... 127
3.2 Look-Ahead Cache Feature................................................................... 130
3.2.1 Caching operation............................................................................... 130
3.2.2 Caching parameters ............................................................................ 133
3.2.3 Look-Ahead operation, Look-Ahead volume..................................... 133
CHAPTER 4 Command Specifications........................................................ 135
4.1 Control/Sense Commands..................................................................... 135
4.1.1 TEST UNIT READY (00)..................................................................135
4.1.2 INQUIRY (12).................................................................................... 136
4.1.3 READ CAPACITY (25).....................................................................151
4.1.4 MODE SELECT (15)......................................................................... 153
4.1.5 MODE SELECT EXTENDED (55)................................................... 163
4.1.6 MODE SENSE (1A)........................................................................... 166
4.1.7 MODE SENSE EXTENDED (5A)..................................................... 174
4.1.8 REZERO UNIT (01)........................................................................... 177
4.1.9 START/STOP UNIT (1B).................................................................. 178
4.1.10 RESERVE (16)................................................................................... 180
4.1.11 RESERVE EXTENDED (56)............................................................. 182
4.1.12 RELEASE (17)................................................................................... 183
4.1.13 RELEASE EXTENDED (57)............................................................. 184
4.1.14 REQUEST SENSE (03) ..................................................................... 185
4.1.15 LOG SELECT (4C)............................................................................ 187
10 C141-C013
Contents
4.1.16 LOG SENSE (4D)...............................................................................192
4.1.17 PERSISTENT RESERVE IN (5E)......................................................194
4.1.18 PERSISTENT RESERVE OUT (5F)..................................................201
4.1.19 REPORT LUNS (A0)..........................................................................207
4.1.20 REPORT DEVICE IDENTIFIER (A3)...............................................209
4.1.21 SET DEVICE IDENTIFIER (A4).......................................................211
4.2 Data Access Commands.........................................................................213
4.2.1 READ (08) ..........................................................................................213
4.2.2 READ EXTENDED (28)....................................................................215
4.2.3 WRITE (0A)........................................................................................216
4.2.4 WRITE EXTENDED (2A)..................................................................218
4.2.5 WRITE AND VERIFY (2E) ...............................................................219
4.2.6 VERIFY (2F).......................................................................................220
4.2.7 SEEK (0B)...........................................................................................221
4.2.8 SEEK EXTENDED (2B) ....................................................................222
4.2.9 SYNCHRONIZE CACHE (35)...........................................................223
4.3 Format Commands.................................................................................224
4.3.1 FORMAT UNIT (04)..........................................................................224
4.3.2 REASSIGN BLOCKS (07).................................................................235
4.3.3 READ DEFECT DATA (37) ..............................................................239
4.3.4 READ DEFECT DATA (B7)..............................................................244
4.4 Maintenance, Diagnostic Commands.....................................................246
4.4.1 SEND DIAGNOSTIC (1D).................................................................246
4.4.2 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS (1C) ........................................258
4.4.3 WRITE BUFFER (3B)........................................................................263
4.4.4 READ BUFFER (3C)..........................................................................270
4.4.5 READ LONG (3E)..............................................................................275
4.4.6 WRITE LONG (3F) ............................................................................277
4.4.7 WRITE SAME (41).............................................................................279
CHAPTER 5 Parameter Data Format ...........................................................281
5.1 Mode Parameters....................................................................................281
5.1.1 Read/Write Error Recovery Parameters (Page Code = 1) ...................282
5.1.2 Disconnect/Reconnect Parameters (Page Code = 2) ...........................287
C141-C013 11
Contents
5.1.3 Format Parameters (Page Code = 3)................................................... 289
5.1.4 Drive Parameters (Page Code = 4) ..................................................... 294
5.1.5 Verify Error Recovery Parameters (Page Code = 7) .......................... 296
5.1.6 Caching Parameters (Page Code = 8) ................................................. 298
5.1.7 Control Mode Parameters (Page Code = 0A)..................................... 304
5.1.8 Notch Parameters (Page Code = 0C).................................................. 308
5.1.9 Port Control Parameter (Page Code = 19).......................................... 310
5.1.10 Power Condition Parameter (Page Code = 1A).................................. 316
5.1.11 Informational Exceptions Control Page (Page Code = 1C)................ 317
5.1.12 Background Control Mode Parameter (Page Code =
1C/subpage = 01)................................................................................322
5.1.13 Additional Error Recovery Parameters (Page Code = 21).................. 325
5.2 Log Parameters...................................................................................... 327
5.2.1 Support Log Page (X'00') ................................................................... 329
5.2.2 Buffer Overrun/Underrun Page (X'01') .............................................. 330
5.2.3 Write Error Count Page (X'02') .......................................................... 331
5.2.4 Read Error Count Page (X'03')........................................................... 335
5.2.5 Verify Error Count Page (X'05')......................................................... 338
5.2.6 Non-Medium Error Count Page (X'06').............................................. 342
5.2.7 Temperature Page (X'0D') .................................................................. 342
5.2.8 Start-Stop Cycle Counter Page (X'0E')............................................... 344
5.2.9 Application Client Page (X'0F')..........................................................347
5.2.10 Self-Test Result Page (X'10').............................................................. 348
5.2.11 Background Medium Scan Page (X'15')............................................. 350
5.2.12 Protocol Specific Port Log Page (X'18').............................................353
5.2.13 SMART Status Page (X'2F')...............................................................357
5.2.14 SMART Data Page (X'38')................................................................. 357
CHAPTER 6 Sense Data and Error Recovery Methods............................. 359
6.1 Sense Data............................................................................................ 359
6.1.1 Sense data format................................................................................ 359
6.1.2 Sense data basic information .............................................................. 361
6.1.3 Sense data additional information ...................................................... 371
6.2 INIT Error Recovery Methods (Recommended).................................. 372
12 C141-C013
Contents
6.2.1 Termination status analysis and error recovery methods ....................372
6.2.2 Sense data analysis and error recovery methods.................................374
6.2.3 Error logging .......................................................................................382
6.3 Disk Drive Error Recovery Processing.................................................382
6.3.1 Error states and retry processing procedures.......................................382
6.3.2 Auto alternate block allocation processing..........................................384
6.3.3 Error recovery processing control.......................................................386
CHAPTER 7 Disk Media Management.........................................................389
7.1 Defect Management...............................................................................389
7.2 Disk Media Initialization ....................................................................... 392
7.2.1 Initialization during installation ..........................................................392
7.2.2 Re-initialization...................................................................................393
7.3 Alternate Block Allocation Processing.................................................. 395
7.4 Background Media Scan (BMS)............................................................396
7.4.1 Overview.............................................................................................396
7.4.2 Background Media Scan......................................................................396
7.4.2.1 Background Media Scan (BMS) mode................................................396
7.4.2.2 Pre-Scan mode.....................................................................................396
7.4.2.3 Write command operation during a Pre-Scan......................................397
7.4.2.4 Conditions for operation......................................................................397
7.4.3 Mode Page...........................................................................................398
7.4.4 Background Media Scan Log Page .....................................................400
7.5 Drive Self-Test (DST)...........................................................................404
7.5.1 Overview.............................................................................................404
7.5.2 Self-test modes ....................................................................................405
7.5.2.1 Foreground mode ................................................................................405
7.5.2.2 Background mode................................................................................406
7.5.3 Matters that are common to both modes .............................................407
7.5.4 Short self-test.......................................................................................407
7.5.5 Extended self-test ................................................................................407
7.5.6 Test segments......................................................................................407
C141-C013 13
Contents
7.6 SMART (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology)......... 410
7.6.1 Overview ............................................................................................ 410
7.6.2 Data analysis....................................................................................... 411
7.6.3 Failure prediction method................................................................... 412
7.6.4 Reporting function.............................................................................. 416
Glossary ............................................................................................................ 417
Acronyms and Abbreviations.......................................................................... 419
Index ................................................................................................................. 421
14 C141-C013
Contents
Illustrations
Figures
Figure 1.1 SAS drive connection patterns............................................................. 22
Figure 1.2 SAS control layers................................................................................ 23
Figure 1.3 Physical links and phys........................................................................ 24
Figure 1.4 Ports (narrow ports and wide ports)..................................................... 25
Figure 1.5 SAS devices ......................................................................................... 26
Figure 1.6 Example of potential pathways............................................................ 27
Figure 1.7 Reset-related terminology.................................................................... 32
Figure 1.8 OOB signal transmission...................................................................... 34
Figure 1.9 OOB signal detection........................................................................... 36
Figure 1.10 SAS to SAS OOB sequence................................................................. 37
Figure 1.11 SAS speed negotiation window............................................................ 39
Figure 1.12 SAS speed negotiation sequence (Example 1)..................................... 41
Figure 1.13 SAS speed negotiation sequence (Example 2)..................................... 41
Figure 1.14 Phy reset sequence (Example).............................................................. 42
Figure 1.15 Connection request timeout example................................................... 69
Figure 1.16 Closing a connection example.............................................................. 70
Figure 1.17 Interlocked frames................................................................................75
Figure 1.18 Non-interlocked frames with the same tag........................................... 76
Figure 1.19 Non-interlocked frames with different tags.......................................... 76
Figure 1.20 Closing an SSP connection example.................................................... 77
Figure 1.21 Example of XFER_RDY frames.......................................................... 88
Figure 1.22 Example of TASK frame...................................................................... 96
Figure 1.23 Example of write command ................................................................. 97
Figure 1.24 Example of read command................................................................... 97
Figure 1.25 Example of the processing sequence for an exceptional event ............ 99
Figure 2.1 Data space configuration.................................................................... 124
Figure 3.1 Data buffer configuration (in the case of 8 cache segments) ............. 128
Figure 4.1 MODE SELECT parameter structure................................................. 155
Figure 4.2 Correction of the defect descriptor.....................................................238
Figure 6.1 Analysis of the termination status...................................................... 372
Tables
Table 1.1 SAS address format..............................................................................29
Table 1.2 Hashed SAS address code parameter................................................... 30
Table 1.3 Usage of special characters .................................................................. 31
Table 1.4 OOB signal timing specifications ........................................................ 33
C141-C013 15
Contents
Table 1.5 OOB signal transmitter requirements...................................................34
Table 1.6 OOB signal receiver burst time detection requirements....................... 35
Table 1.7 OOB signal receiver idle time detection requirements......................... 35
Table 1.8 OOB signal receiver negation time detection requirements.................35
Table 1.9 SAS speed negotiation sequence timing specifications........................ 39
Table 1.10 Primitives not specific to type of connection .......................................44
Table 1.11 Primitives used only inside SSP and SMP connections .......................46
Table 1.12 Primitive sequences..............................................................................47
Table 1.13 OPEN_REJECT abandon primitives....................................................51
Table 1.14 OPEN_REJECT retry primitives..........................................................52
Table 1.15 DONE primitives..................................................................................55
Table 1.16 Clock skew management ALIGN insertion requirement .....................57
Table 1.17 Scrambling for different data dword types...........................................58
Table 1.18 Address frame format........................................................................... 59
Table 1.19 IDENTIFY address frame format.........................................................60
Table 1.20 DEVICE TYPE field............................................................................ 60
Table 1.21 OPEN address frame format.................................................................62
Table 1.22 PROTOCOL field................................................................................. 62
Table 1.23 CONNECTION RATE field ................................................................ 63
Table 1.24 ARBITRATION WAIT TIME field..................................................... 64
Table 1.25 Connection responses........................................................................... 67
Table 1.26 Arbitration priority for OPEN address frames passing on a
physical link ......................................................................................... 68
Table 1.27 Abort connection responses.................................................................. 69
Table 1.28 Close connection responses..................................................................70
Table 1.29 Break connection responses ................................................................. 71
Table 1.30 Rate matching ALIGN and/or NOTIFY insertion requirements..........72
Table 1.31 SSP frame interlock requirements........................................................ 74
Table 1.32 SSP frame format ................................................................................. 78
Table 1.33 FRAME TYPE field.............................................................................79
Table 1.34 COMMAND information unit .............................................................. 81
Table 1.35 TASK ATTRIBUTE field....................................................................82
Table 1.36 TASK information unit......................................................................... 84
Table 1.37 TASK MANAGEMENT FUNCTION field ........................................ 85
Table 1.38 XFER_RDY information unit .............................................................. 86
Table 1.39 An example of requested offset............................................................88
Table 1.40 DATA information unit........................................................................89
Table 1.41 RESPONSE information unit...............................................................92
Table 1.42 DATAPRES field................................................................................. 92
Table 1.43 RESPONSE DATA field......................................................................94
Table 1.44 RESPONSE CODE field......................................................................94
Table 1.45 Exceptional event processing of a drive.............................................100
Table 2.1 6-Byte CDB basic format................................................................... 104
Table 2.2 10-Byte CDB basic format................................................................. 104
Table 2.3 12-Byte CDB basic format................................................................. 105
16 C141-C013
Contents
Table 2.4 Operation code................................................................................... 105
Table 2.5 Control byte........................................................................................ 107
Table 2.6 Status.................................................................................................. 108
Table 2.7 LED display ....................................................................................... 116
Table 2.8 Outline of disk drive error recovery processing................................. 118
Table 2.9 Comparison between SAS and SCSI about definition....................... 119
Table 2.10 Reset processing during write ............................................................ 121
Table 4.1 Standard INQUIRY data.................................................................... 138
Table 4.2 VERSION field.................................................................................. 139
Table 4.3 Command queuing............................................................................. 141
Table 4.4 Version descriptor.............................................................................. 142
Table 4.5 Command support data....................................................................... 143
Table 4.6 Support............................................................................................... 144
Table 4.7 VPD information................................................................................ 145
Table 4.8 VPD information: VPD identifier list ............................................... 145
Table 4.9 VPD information: device serial No................................................... 146
Table 4.10 VPD information: device unique information....................................147
Table 4.11 READ CAPACITY data .................................................................... 152
Table 4.12 MODE SELECT command (Group 0) parameter configuration ....... 157
Table 4.13 MODE SELECT parameters.............................................................. 161
Table 4.14 MODE SELECT EXTENDED command (group 2) parameter
configuration...................................................................................... 164
Table 4.15 Mode page.......................................................................................... 167
Table 4.16 MODE SENSE data type specifications ............................................ 168
Table 4.17 MODE SENSE command (group 0) parameter configuration...........170
Table 4.18 MODE SENSE EXTENDED command (group 2) parameter
configuration...................................................................................... 175
Table 4.19 PC (page control) ............................................................................... 188
Table 4.20 LOG SELECT command parameter configuration............................ 188
Table 4.21 Page code ........................................................................................... 189
Table 4.22 Log parameter .................................................................................... 190
Table 4.23 "Page Code" assignment for the log pages......................................... 193
Table 4.24 PERSISTENT RESERVE IN service actions.................................... 195
Table 4.25 PERSISTENT RESERVE IN parameter data for READ KEYS ....... 196
Table 4.26 PERSISTENT RESERVE IN parameter data for READ
RESERVATIONS.............................................................................. 197
Table 4.27 Format of reservation descriptors.......................................................198
Table 4.28 Persistent reservations scope.............................................................. 199
Table 4.29 Persistent reservations type codes...................................................... 200
Table 4.30 PERSISTENT RESERVE OUT service action codes........................ 203
Table 4.31 PERSISTENT RESERVE OUT parameter list.................................. 204
Table 4.32 PERSISTENT RESERVE OUT service action and valid
parameters.......................................................................................... 206
Table 4.33 REPORT LUNS parameter data......................................................... 208
Table 4.34 REPORT DEVICE IDENTIFIER parameter data ............................. 210
Table 4.35 SET DEVICE IDENTIFIER parameter data...................................... 212
C141-C013 17
Contents
Table 4.36 Defect list format................................................................................226
Table 4.37 FORMAT UNIT command parameter list configuration...................227
Table 4.38 Defect descriptor: byte distance from index format ..........................230
Table 4.39 Defect descriptor: physical sector address format............................. 231
Table 4.40 FORMAT UNIT command defect processing ................................... 233
Table 4.41 REASSIGN BLOCK command: defect data list configuration.........236
Table 4.42 Defect data type..................................................................................239
Table 4.43 Defect data format.............................................................................. 240
Table 4.44 READ DEFECT DATA command: defect data configuration ......... 240
Table 4.45 Defect data conditions........................................................................ 242
Table 4.46 READ DEFECT DATA command (B7): defect data
configuration ...................................................................................... 245
Table 4.47 Self-diagnosis test............................................................................... 247
Table 4.48 Error recovery control flags during the self-diagnosis test................. 248
Table 4.49 SEND DIAGNOSTIC command: parameter list configuration........250
Table 4.50 Page code............................................................................................250
Table 4.51 SEND DIAGNOSTIC parameters: page code list.............................251
Table 4.52 SEND DIAGNOSTIC parameters: PHY Test function..................... 252
Table 4.53 SEND DIAGNOSTIC parameters: logical/physical address
conversion .......................................................................................... 255
Table 4.54 Specifying address format.................................................................. 255
Table 4.55 SELF-TEST........................................................................................257
Table 4.56 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS command: response data
configuration ...................................................................................... 259
Table 4.57 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS response data: page
code list...............................................................................................260
Table 4.58 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS response data:
logical/physical address conversion ...................................................261
Table 4.59 Address format ...................................................................................262
Table 4.60 WRITE BUFFER transfer mode ........................................................264
Table 4.61 WRITE BUFFER command: buffer data (mode = 000, 001) ........... 265
Table 4.62 READ BUFFER transfer mode.......................................................... 270
Table 4.63 READ BUFFER command: buffer data (mode = 0000, 0001)......... 271
Table 4.64 READ BUFFER command: buffer descriptor.................................... 273
Table 4.65 READ BUFFER command: echo buffer descriptor.......................... 274
Table 5.1 MODE SELECT parameters: read/write error recovery
parameters...........................................................................................282
Table 5.2 Combinations of error recovery flags.................................................286
Table 5.3 MODE SELECT parameters: disconnect/reconnect parameters........287
Table 5.4 MODE SELECT parameters: format parameters..............................289
Table 5.5 Details of parameters on MODE SELECT parameter: pages 3,
4, and C...............................................................................................293
Table 5.6 MODE SELECT parameters: drive parameters ................................294
Table 5.7 MODE SELECT parameters: verify error recovery parameters .......296
Table 5.8 MODE SELECT parameters: caching parameters............................ 298
Table 5.9 MODE SELECT parameters: control mode parameters....................304
18 C141-C013
Contents
Table 5.10 MODE SELECT parameters: notch parameters................................ 308
Table 5.11 Port control parameter: Page 0 Format (Short Page Format)............. 311
Table 5.12 Port control parameter: Sub Page Format (Long Format).................. 312
Table 5.13 SAS phy mode descriptor format....................................................... 313
Table 5.14 Power condition parameter: Page 0 Format (Short Page
Format)............................................................................................... 316
Table 5.15 MODE SELECT parameters: informational exception control
page.................................................................................................... 317
Table 5.16 MRIE.................................................................................................. 320
Table 5.17 Interval timer...................................................................................... 321
Table 5.18 MODE SELECT parameters: background control mode
parameter............................................................................................322
Table 5.19 MODE SELECT parameters: additional error recovery
parameters.......................................................................................... 325
Table 5.20 Mode parameter default values .......................................................... 326
Table 5.21 Log parameter format.........................................................................327
Table 5.22 Support log page (X'00') .................................................................... 329
Table 5.23 Buffer overrun/underrun page (X'01')................................................ 330
Table 5.24 Write error count page (X'02')............................................................ 331
Table 5.25 Write errors recovered without delays (page 02, code 0000)............ 332
Table 5.26 Write errors recovered with possible delays (page 02, code
0001) .................................................................................................. 332
Table 5.27 Total write errors posted (page 02, code 0002)..................................333
Table 5.28 Total recoverable write errors posted to INIT (page 02, code
0003) .................................................................................................. 333
Table 5.29 Total write bytes processed (page 02, code 0005) ............................. 334
Table 5.30 Total unrecoverable write errors posted to INIT (page 02, code
0006) .................................................................................................. 334
Table 5.31 Read error count page (X'03') ............................................................ 335
Table 5.32 Read errors recovered without delays (page 03, code 0000) ............. 335
Table 5.33 Read errors recovered with possible delays (page 03, code
0001) .................................................................................................. 336
Table 5.34 Total read errors posted (page 03, code 0002)................................... 336
Table 5.35 Total recoverable read errors posted to INIT (page 03, code
0003) .................................................................................................. 337
Table 5.36 Total read bytes processed (page 03, code 0005)............................... 337
Table 5.37 Total unrecoverable read errors posted to INIT (page 03, code
0006) .................................................................................................. 338
Table 5.38 Verify error count page (X'05') .......................................................... 338
Table 5.39 Verify errors recovered without delays (page 05, code 0000) ........... 339
Table 5.40 Verify errors recovered with possible delays (page 05, code
0001) .................................................................................................. 339
Table 5.41 Total verify errors posted (page 05, code 0002) ................................ 340
Table 5.42 Total recoverable verify errors posted to INIT (page 05, code
0003) .................................................................................................. 340
Table 5.43 Total verify bytes processed (page 05, code 0005)............................ 341
C141-C013 19
Contents
Table 5.44 Total unrecoverable verify errors posted to INIT (page 05,
code 0006).......................................................................................... 341
Table 5.45 Non-medium error count page (X'06')................................................ 342
Table 5.46 Temperature page (X'0D') ..................................................................342
Table 5.47 Temperature (page 0D, code 0000).................................................... 343
Table 5.48 Reference temperature (page 0D, code 0001) ....................................343
Table 5.49 Start-stop cycle counter page (X'0E') .................................................344
Table 5.50 Date of manufacture (page 0E, code 0001)........................................ 344
Table 5.51 Accounting date (page 0E, code 0002)............................................... 345
Table 5.52 Specified cycle count over device lifetime (page 0E, code
0003)................................................................................................... 345
Table 5.53 Start-stop cycle counter (page 0E, code 0004)...................................346
Table 5.54 Application client page (X'0F')........................................................... 347
Table 5.55 General usage application client parameter data (page 0F, code
0000-003F).........................................................................................347
Table 5.56 Self-test result page (X'10') ................................................................ 348
Table 5.57 Self-test result parameter data (page 10, code 0001-0014) ................348
Table 5.58 Self-test results values........................................................................ 349
Table 5.59 Background medium scan page (X'15')..............................................350
Table 5.60 Background medium scan status parameter ....................................... 350
Table 5.61 BMS status ......................................................................................... 351
Table 5.62 Background medium scan parameter ................................................. 352
Table 5.63 Reassign status ...................................................................................352
Table 5.64 Protocol specific port log page format ............................................... 353
Table 5.65 Log parameter format.........................................................................354
Table 5.66 SMART status page (X'2F') ............................................................... 357
Table 5.67 SMART data page (X'38').................................................................. 357
Table 6.1 Sense data format ...............................................................................360
Table 6.2 Sense key inherent information..........................................................363
Table 6.3 Sense key............................................................................................364
Table 6.4 Additional Sense Code and Additional Sense Code Qualifier ...........365
Table 6.5 Sense data error classification ............................................................375
Table 6.6 Error recovery processing procedures................................................378
Table 6.7 Disk drive errors and number of retries.............................................. 387
Table 7.1 Mode Page 0x1C SubPage 0x01 (Background Control Mode
Page)...................................................................................................398
Table 7.2 Background Media Scan Log Page format......................................... 400
Table 7.3 BMS Status parameter format............................................................401
Table 7.4 Medium Scan parameter format......................................................... 402
Table 7.5 SMART ASC/ASCQ.......................................................................... 412
Table 7.6 SMART thresholds.............................................................................415
20 C141-C013
CHAPTER 1 SAS Interface
1.1 Topologies in SAS Interface
1.2 Names and identifiers
1.3 Phy layer
1.4 Link layer
1.5 Address frames
1.6 Transport layer
This chapter describes the topology, interface protocol, and operation of the SAS
interface.
C141-C013 21
SAS Interface
1.1 Topologies in SAS Interface
As shown in Figure 1.1, SAS drives have two connection patterns: point-topoint connection and expander connection.
Figure 1.1 SAS drive connection patterns
SAS supports the three protocols listed below. Among these protocols, SAS
drives support only SSP.
• Serial SCSI Protocol (SSP)
• Serial ATA Tunneled Protocol (STP)
• Serial Management Protocol (SMP)
22 C141-C013
1.1 Topologies in SAS Interface
1.1.1 SAS Layering
As shown in Figure 1.2, for SAS, the following six control layers are defined:
• Physical layer: Electric properties related to cables, connectors,
and signals
• Phy (transceiver) layer: 8B/10B code, OOB, and speed negotiation
• Link layer: Primitives, address frames, and connection control
• Port layer: Wide port control
• Transport layer: Frame control
• Application layer: SCSI commands, mode pages, and log pages
Application layer
Transport layer
Port layer
Link layer
Phy layer
Physical layer
Figure 1.2 SAS control layers
C141-C013 23
SAS Interface
1.1.2 Physical links and phys
A physical link is a set of four wires used as two differential signal pairs. One
differential signal transmits in one direction while the other differential signal
transmits in the opposite direction. Data may be transmitted in both directions
simultaneously.
A physical phy contains a transceiver which electrically interfaces to a physical
link, which attaches to another physical phy.
Phys are contained in ports. Phys interface to the service delivery subsystem.
Figure 1.3 shows two phys attached with a physical link.
An attached phy is the phy to which a phy is attached over a physical link. A
device may contain one or more phys. Each phy has a phy identifier which is
unique within the device.
Figure 1.3 Physical links and phys
1.1.3 Ports (narrow ports and wide ports)
A port contains one or more phys. Ports in a device are associated with physical
phys based on the identification sequence. A port is created from a set of physical
phys if one or more physical phys contained within a device:
a) transmit the same SAS address during the identification sequence; and
b) receive the same SAS address during the identification sequence (i.e., the
corresponding attached phy or phys transmit the same SAS address).
24 C141-C013
1.1 Topologies in SAS Interface
A wide port is created if there is more than one phy in the port. A narrow port is a
port with only one phy.
A wide link is the set of physical links that attach a wide port to another wide
port. A narrow link is the physical link that attaches a narrow port to another
narrow port.
Figure 1.4 shows examples of narrow ports and wide ports, with a representation
of the SAS address transmitted during the identification sequence. Although
several phys on the left transmit SAS addresses of B, only phys attached to the
same SAS addresses become part of the same ports. The set of phys with SAS
address B attached to the set of phys with SAS address D become one port, while
the set of phys with SAS address B attached to the set of phys with SAS address E
become another port.
Figure 1.4 Ports (narrow ports and wide ports)
C141-C013 25
SAS Interface
1.1.4 SAS devices
A SAS device contains one or more SAS ports, each containing one or more phys
(i.e., a SAS port may be a narrow port or a wide port).
Each single HDD unit is a separate SAS device. Usually, it is a single port or dual
port device, but does not use a wide port.
Figure 1.5 shows examples of SAS devices with different port and phy
configurations.
Figure 1.5 SAS devices
26 C141-C013
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