Fujitsu C120-H007-06EN User Manual
Front Cover
SPARC M10 Systems/
SPARC Enterprise/
PRIMEQUEST
C120-H007-06EN
COMMON INSTALLATION PLANNING
MANUAL
FOR SAFE OPERATION
Handling of This Manual
This manual contains important information regarding the use and handling of this
product. Read this manual thoroughly. Use the product according to the instructions
and information available in this manual. Keep this manual in hand for further
understanding.
Fujitsu makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from
suffering from damages to their property. Use the product according to this manual.
ABOUT THIS PRODUCT
This Product is designed, developed and manufactured as contemplated for general
use, including without limitation, general office use, personal use and household use,
but is not designed, developed and manufactured as contemplated for use
accompanying fatal risks or dangers that, unless extremely high safety is secured,
could lead directly to death, personal injury, severe physical damage or other loss
(hereinafter "High Safety Required Use"), including without limitation, nuclear
power core control, airplane control, air traffic control, mass transport operation
control, life support, weapon launching control. You shall not use this Product without
securing the sufficient safety required for the High Safety Required Use. If you wish
to use this Product for High Safety Required Use, please consult with sales
representatives in charge before such use.
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT
The following notice is for EU users only.
WARNING: This is a product which meets Class A of EN55022. In a domestic
environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may
be required to take adequate measures.
The following notice is for USA users only.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his
own expense.
C120-H007-05EN
TRADEMARKS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
z UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other
countries.
The contents of this manual shall not be disclosed in any way or reproduced in any
media without the express written permission of Fujitsu Limited.
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © FUJITSU LIMITED 2002-2011
C120-H007-05EN
Revision History
(1/1)
Edition Date
01 2002-10-31 ⎯⎯
02 2005-09-15 Entire manual (Altered)
03 2008-04-16 Entire manual (Altered) • Modification of manual title
04 2009-12-15 Section 4.3.5 (Altered) • Modification of tolerable limit of
05 2011-11-25 Entire manual (Altered)
Revised section
(Added/Deleted/Altered)
Section 3.3.2
(Altered/Added)
Section 5.2.2 (Added)
Details
• Technical brush-up
• Modification of the manual title
• Addition of PRIMEQUEST
• Modification of the concept of units
operational grouping
• Addition of description for concentration
of small equipment
• Addition of conditions for using mobile
phones
• Addition of description for SPARC
Enterprise
• Deletion of description for
PRIMEPOWER
Hydrogen sulfide gas
• Technical brush-up
Section 2.2.1
Section 4.3.5 (Altered)
Section 4.3.6 (Added)
Section 8.2.2 (Added)
Reader's Comment Form
(Altered)
(Altered)
• Modification of the value for vibrations
during earthquakes
• Modification of Table4.4
• Addition of the seawater (salt damage)
• Modification of the value for withstanding
a horizontal seismic intensity
• Addition of consulting department of an
earthquake preparedness
• Modification of the address for sending
back of the form
Note: In this table, devised section is indicated by its section number in the
current edition.
An asterisk (*) indicates a section in the old edition.
C120-H007-05EN
Preface
1
This manual describes the requirements and concepts of installation and facility
planning that pertain to the setup of SPARC Enterprise and PRIMEQUEST.
Installation and facility planning requires full review with Fujitsu representatives in
charge according to the instructions presented herein.
This manual is intended for site planners preparing for the server system installation.
Use this manual to review server system installation plans or to run and administer the
server system. The reader is assumed to have some knowledge or experience in the
server system installation planning.
Contents and Organization of This Manual
This manual consists of 8 chapters, one appendix, one acronyms and abbreviations
section, and one index as below:
The manual contains general information and precautions required for the server
system installation plans. For information about specific SPARC Enterprise models
and PRIMEQUEST models, refer to the respective Installation Planning Manual.
CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview
This chapter describes general requirements for the server system installation
planning and for the facilities used to house the server systems.
CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites
This chapter describes the recommended sites and structures and the buildings in
which the server systems can be installed, and the structures of the computer rooms.
CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout
This chapter describes the procedures and precautions to take in laying out the server
system equipment.
CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning
This chapter describes the available computer room air conditioning methods, along
with their features, conditions of air conditioning, and precautions.
CHAPTER 5 Electromagnetic Environment and Static Electricity
This chapter describes the electromagnetic environmental conditions relevant to
server systems, and electrostatic effects.
C120-H007-05EN i
Preface
CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities
This chapter describes the power supply requirements, power supply facilities,
grounding plans, power distribution boards, and power distribution routes for the
server systems.
CHAPTER 7 Protection Against Lightning
This chapter describes the safeguards necessary to protect server systems against
destructive lightning surge voltages.
CHAPTER 8 Security Actions
This chapter describes the actions necessary to ensure server system security.
Appendix A Conversion Information
This appendix provides quick reference tables for measure units conversion and
fractional decimal equivalent conversions.
Acronyms & Abbreviations
This acronyms and abbreviations provides complete word(s) of acronyms and
abbreviations used in this manual.
Index
This index provides the keywords, along with the reference page numbers so that
users can find the necessary information at a glance.
ii C120-H007-05EN
Preface
Other Reference Manuals
When installing the SPARC Enterprise or PRIMEQUEST, read the installation guide
for each model first.
For the readers
• If you find any inconvenience with the description or incorrect explanation in this manual, please
fill in the "Comment Form" sheet at the back of this manual and forward it to the address
described on the sheet.
• This manual is subject to be revised without prior notice.
C120-H007-05EN iii
Contents
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Office Installation and Computer Room Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1.1 Office installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1.2 Computer room installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Computer Room Installation Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.1 Device support planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.2 Support staff assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Preparing Building and Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3.1 Building and facilities needed to install a server system . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3.2 Furnishings accompanying a server system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3.3 Rooms needed to run the server system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.4 Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 Building Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.1 Sites convenient for systems development and administration . . . . . 7
2.1.2 Utility services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.3 Secure sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2.1 Building structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.2 Computer room location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.3 Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.4 Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2.5 Access routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.6 Water and fuel stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3 Computer Room Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3.1 Computer room structural requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3.2 Free-access flooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3.3 Interiors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.1 Proposed Computer Room Top View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2 Equipment Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.3 Precautions in Preparation of an Equipment Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
C120-H007-05EN v
Contents
3.3.1 Hardware constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.3.2 Operational considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.4 Air Conditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.4.1 Air conditioning units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.4.2 Air conditioning piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.4.3 Heat distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.4.4 Air circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.4.5 Dusting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.5 Power Supply Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.5.1 Power supply facilities for server system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.5.2 Power supply facilities for air conditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.5.3 Facility control panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.6 Line and Signal Wiring Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.6.1 Line facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.6.2 Signal wiring facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.1 Characteristics of Computer Room Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.1.1 Constant temperatures and humidities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.1.2 Air conditioning conditions and capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.1.3 Service time and reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.2 Styles of Air Conditioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.2.1 Direct blowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.2.2 Duct blowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.2.3 Underfloor ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4.2.4 Combined use of direct or duct blowing and underfloor ventilation . . 37
4.3 Air Conditioning Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.3.1 Permissible temperature and humidity ranges for server systems . . 38
4.3.2 Recommended temperatures and humidities for computer rooms . . 39
4.3.3 Temperature and humidity recommendations for computer rooms . . 40
4.3.4 Dust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.3.5 Corrosive gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.3.6 Seawater (salt damage) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.4 Thermal Load and Cooling Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.4.1 Thermal load imposed on air conditioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.4.2 Example of cooling capacity calculations for room air conditioning . . 46
4.4.3 Underfloor ventilation air conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.4.4 Convenient formulas for air conditioning capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.5 Precautions Pertaining to the Installation of Air Conditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.5.1 Humidifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.5.2 Air conditioner filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
vi C120-H007-05EN
Contents
4.5.3 Installing temperature/humidity sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.5.4 Taking in fresh air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.5.5 Preventing dew condensation in underfloor ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.5.6 Preventing water leaks and installing detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.5.7 Installing a backup unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.5.8 Preventing freezing of cooling water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
CHAPTER 5 Electromagnetic Environment and Static Electricity. . . . . . . . . 59
5.1 Magnetic Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.1.1 Allowable magnetic field intensities of displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.1.2 Sources of magnetic fields and fault symptoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.1.3 Magnetic field control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5.2 Electric Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.2.1 Allowable electric field intensities for server systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.2.2 Conditions for using mobile phones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.3 Static Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
5.3.1 Recommended electrostatic voltage for a computer room . . . . . . . . 63
5.3.2 Electrostatic control in the computer room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
6.1 Input Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
6.1.1 Input power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
6.1.2 Calculating the power required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
6.1.3 Calculating the rush current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
6.2 Power Supply Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
6.2.1 Kinds and uses of power supply facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
6.2.2 Selecting power supply facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.3 UPS Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.4 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.4.1 Grounding equipment in the computer room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.4.2 Grounding other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.4.3 Grounding LAN devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.4.4 Grounding-plate method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
6.5 Distribution Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.5.1 Distribution panel location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.5.2 Distribution panel breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.5.3 Distribution panel structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
6.6 Distribution Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.6.1 Induced noise control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.7 Share of Responsibility for Construction in a Computer Room . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.8 Distribution Line Insulation Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
C120-H007-05EN vii
Contents
6.8.1 Test voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.8.2 Phase and grounding cable insulation test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.8.3 Interphase insulation testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
CHAPTER 7 Protection Against Lightning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
7.1 Protection of AC Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
7.2 Protection of Signal Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
CHAPTER 8 Security Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
8.1 Basic Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
8.1.1 Levels of security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
8.1.2 Objects of security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
8.1.3 Kinds of disasters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
8.2 Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
8.2.1 Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
8.2.2 Earthquakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
8.2.3 Water damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
8.2.4 Burglary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
8.2.5 Rat damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
8.3 Maintenance and Management of Disaster Control Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Appendix A Conversion Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
A.1 Units of Measure Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
A.2 Fraction to Decimal Equivalence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Acronyms & Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
viii C120-H007-05EN
Contents
Figures
Figure 2.1 Slit floor panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 2.2 Floor panels with an airflow control damper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 2.3 Air flow control panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 3.1 Concept of units operational grouping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 4.1 Direct blowing setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 4.2 Duct blowing setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 4.3 Underfloor ventilation setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figure 4.4 Schematic view of a combined system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 4.5 Psychrometric chart applicable to changing the room temperature 41
Figure 4.6 Psychrometric chart applicable to lowering the underfloor
temperature
Figure 4.7 Typical air conditioner characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 4.8 Air condition in a psychrometric chart (for a typical air conditioner) 46
Figure 4.9 Air condition in a psychrometric chart (underfloor-ventilation air) . . 49
Figure 4.10 Dike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Figure 6.1 System based on a UPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Figure 6.2 System based on a UPS and an independent power generator . . . 69
Figure 6.3 Commutating load circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Figure 6.4 Method of grounding equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Figure 6.5 Typical 100 Base-T connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 6.6 Grounding-plate method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Figure 6.7 Distribution panel (free-standing) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Figure 6.8 Distribution panel (wall-mounted) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Figure 6.9 Round crimp terminal dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 6.10 Space around output terminal boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 6.11 Grounding connections within a distribution panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 6.12 Share of responsibility for construction in a computer room . . . . . . 88
Figure 7.1 Surge absorber (power outlet connected type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Figure 7.2 Install surge absorber on the distribution panel's input side . . . . . . . 93
Figure 7.3 Lighting control action when using external modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 7.4 Lightning control action for LAN cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 8.1 Designating alarm zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
C120-H007-05EN ix
Contents
Tables
Table 2.1 Ceiling heights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 2.2 Raised floor heights of free-access floors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 2.3 Strengths and surface materials of free-access floor panels . . . . . . 19
Table 3.1 Kinds, uses, and locations of power supply facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Table 4.1 Recommended temperatures and humidities for computer rooms . 40
Table 4.2 Temperature and humidity recommendations (changing the room
temperature)
Table 4.3 Temperature and humidity recommendations (lowering the underfloor
temperature)
Table 4.4 Tolerable limits for corrosive gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Table 4.5 Sources of overload and amount of heat dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Table 4.6 Examples of typical air conditioner cooling capacity calculations . . 47
Table 4.7 Examples of underfloor-ventilation air conditioner cooling capacity
calculations
Table 4.8 Convenient formulas for air conditioner capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Table 5.1 Sources of magnetic fields and fault symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Table 6.1 Input power requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Table 6.2 Types of available power supply facilities and usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Table 6.3 Transformers for 200 V server systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Table 6.4 Transformers dedicated to 400 V server systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Table 6.5 Specification of the grounding trunk cable for server systems
(in the buildings complying to the IEC standards)
Table 6.6 Requirements for other equipment grounding facilities . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Table 6.7 Details of the separation of the LAN transmission line signal
ground (SG)
Table 6.8 Output terminal board dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Table 7.1 Specification of power control box (F9710PW2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Table 7.2 Recommended surge absorber for external modem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Table 8.1 Characteristics of fire extinguishing agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Table A.1 Units-of-measure conversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Table A.2 Fractions to decimal-equivalent conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
C120-H007-05EN xi
CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview
1
This chapter defines the general requirements for server system installation planning
and for the facilities used to house server systems. Successful planning ensures
system installation efficiency now and in the future, assuring system reliability,
convenience, and functionality.
The users wishing to install a server system must make both the site and associated
facilities available, and also develop meticulous installation plans to ensure that all of
the facilities prerequisite to operating the server system into service are ready before
equipment are delivered to the site.
1.1 Office Installation and Computer Room Installation
Installation site of server system can be classified into two types as described below.
The decision of installation site depends on the unit size and specific conditions of
use.
z Office installation
z Computer room installation
The following are overview of each case:
1.1.1 Office installation
Computer equipment appropriate for office space installation is:
z Compact server units
z I/O devices
These equipments are more appropriate for office space installation than are
equipment that must be installed in a computer room, because they make less noise,
have lower power requirements, dissipate less heat and are operable over wider
temperature and humidity ranges. Office installation does not require free-access
floors or special electrical facilities. As a rule, the building's existing air conditioning
system can be shared.
C120-H007-05EN 1
CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview
A server system involving equipment that is too large to fit into the available office
space or a mixture of equipment having a combined heat dissipation over about 21
MJ/h (20000 Btu/h) would need to be installed in facilities meeting the computer
room installation requirements.
(1) Equipment suitable for office installation
Equipment meeting any of the following requirements is suitable for office
installation.
z Equipment that operates from a power supply of single-phase, and that can be
plugged in
z Equipment whose noise level is low enough to permit installation in a general
office environment
(Equipment with a height of 1 m or lower: Noise level of 47 dB (A) or less;
equipment with a height of 1 m or higher: Noise level of 50 dB (A) or less)
z Equipment with permissible ranges of temperature and humidity that meet
installation requirements in a general office environment
(Indoor temperature: 5 to 35°C; indoor humidity: 20 to 80% RH (operating) or 8 to
80% RH (not operating))
(2) Air conditioning and power requirements of equipment subject to
office installation, and associated facilities
The amount of heat dissipated by equipment subject to installation in an office, the
power requirements, and the number of equipment items installed may require
improvements to the air conditioning and power supply facilities in the office in
question. In installing equipment in an office space, it is important to review
beforehand the air conditioning facilities of the office and the ratings of the power
supplies available.
1.1.2 Computer room installation
Computer equipment appropriate for computer room installation is:
z A server system involving equipment that is too large to fit into the office space
z A mixture of equipment having combined heat dissipation over about 21 MJ/h
(20000 Btu/h)
2 C120-H007-05EN
1.2 Computer Room Installation Planning
1.2 Computer Room Installation Planning
Computer room installation requires prior device support planning and support staff
assignment.
1.2.1 Device support planning
Regarding the method of supporting device, the following items must be planned:
(1) Configuration of the server system and equipment to be added
z Environmental specifications for each room (such as dimensions, mass, voltages,
power requirements, heat dissipation, and temperature and humidity conditions)
z Scale templates for planning device layouts
z Kinds, numbers, and length limitations of signal cables used to connect devices
installed between rooms
(2) Quantities of storage media to be stored
CD, DVD, MO, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, printed forms, etc.
(3) Quantities of supplies and consumables to be stored
Print forms, ink ribbons, toner, photo-conductive drums, etc.
(4) Quantities of spare parts and maintenance tools to be stored
(5) Storage space for user's manuals
(6) Staff and visitor access management scheme
(7) Policy on carrying media and supplies in and out of the computer
room
1.2.2 Support staff assignment
To proceed the installation planning smoothly, an installation planning group
comprises the appointed staff of the user organization and Fujitsu is needed to be
organized.
C120-H007-05EN 3
CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview
Regarding the required staff in the installation planning group, consider the following:
z An installation planning group and a supervisor within the user organization
z An installation consultant from a Fujitsu or agent
1.3 Preparing Building and Facilities
Review the building and facilities needed to install a server system, ancillary
furnishings accompanying the server system, and the rooms needed to run the server
system.
1.3.1 Building and facilities needed to install a server system
Regarding the building and facilities needed to install a server system, consider the
following:
z Building
z Power supplies
z Air conditioning
z Signal line, telecommunication facilities
z Fire extinguishers, fire extinguishing facilities
1.3.2 Furnishings accompanying a server system
Review the following furnishings accompanying in use of a server system:
z Cabinets and lockers
- Small equipment
- Storage media
- Supplies
- Spare parts and maintenance tools
- Instructions manuals
z Warehouses
- Storage media
z Trucks
4 C120-H007-05EN
1.4 Scheduling
1.3.3 Rooms needed to run the server system
Regarding the rooms needed to run the server system, review the following:
z Offices
z Meeting rooms
z System administrator rooms
z System developer rooms
z Backup maintenance engineer and other related rooms
1.4 Scheduling
In installing a server system in a computer room, the scheduling of the following
activities is recommended:
z Development of an overall installation planning schedule
z Facility design verification
z Verification of the status of ongoing facility construction
z Final preparations for installing the server system, facility and interior finish
checks, and, where appropriate, facility test runs
C120-H007-05EN 5
CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites
1
This chapter details the recommended sites and structures and the buildings in which
server systems can be installed, and the structures of the computer rooms.
Server systems setups can be classified into two broad forms: one in which a server
system is installed in a computer room for message collection and distribution
processing and perform calculation processing, and one in which a server system is
installed conveniently in an office for use as a stand-alone machine or as one
connected to a communications network.
This chapter presents a variety of tips and hints for determining the most appropriate
locations for server systems. The importance of the individual tips and hints, however,
depends on the intended use of the server system. Alternative or corrective actions
may be available for particular items. The server system department of the user's
organization is recommended to hold in-depth consultations on requirements for
determining a server system's location with its department in charge of construction or
with a building contractor.
2.1 Building Location
The building in which a server system is to be installed should be conveniently
located for systems development and administration, afford good access to utility
services, such as electricity, water, and telephone lines, and ensure security.
2.1.1 Sites convenient for systems development and administration
When selecting sites conveniently located for systems development and
administration, take the following factors into consideration:
z Commutation of the management and employees
z Communication with the related departments
z Traffic to and from subcontractors
C120-H007-05EN 7
CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites
2.1.2 Utility services
When selecting sites that afford good access to utility services, take the following
factors into consideration:
z Satisfactory availability of electric power
z No suspension or failure of water supplies, or the availability of alternate measures
for water supply
z Access to telecommunication lines
2.1.3 Secure sites
When selecting sites that offer a high degree of security, take the following into
consideration. (Among these factors, those that threaten security will be described
later.) The adverse effects of these factors can be minimized if the structural
requirements for buildings or computer rooms are met.
z Little occurrence of earthquakes, with the effects therefrom minimal
z No danger of damage from flooding and snow
z Little occurrence of lightning
z Easy implementation of fire preventive measures
z No high-level electromagnetic radiation influence
z Little presence of dust and corrosive gases
z Procedures in place for dealing with riots and trespassing, break-ins, etc.
2.2 Buildings
The buildings in which server systems can be installed are broadly classified into the
following forms:
z Dedicated server system centers
z Office rooms converted to dedicated computer rooms
z General office rooms in which server systems are installed for convenience's sake
Except for the last form of installation mentioned above, server system centers and
dedicated computer rooms would best benefit from structural safety considerations,
because they are intended to house server systems handling large amounts of data.
Particularly, the more important a server system center is, the more strict safety
considerations are required.
8 C120-H007-05EN
2.2 Buildings
2.2.1 Building structures
Structural considerations for buildings in which server systems are to be installed are
summarized below.
(1) Floor strength
The floor of the building in which a server system is to be installed should be strong
enough to withstand the combined weight of the server and its component devices. An
equipment layout superimposed with weight distributions should be presented to the
building designer or installation engineer as a means of determining whether the
server system can be installed.
a) Base floor strength of the computer room
The base floor loading strength of the computer room including the strength of the
floor itself, beams, and columns should be sufficient to accept the installation of a
server system.
• Loading strength of the floor itself
The base floor of the computer room, like the floor of a general office room, must
have a loading strength of 2.9 kN/m2 (61 lbf/ft2) or greater.
• Loading strength of beam and column
A loading strength of 2.9 kN/m2 (61 lbf/ft2) or greater is recommended for the
beams and columns that support the floor of the computer room.
Although a loading strength of 1.8 kN/m2 (38 lbf/ft2) or greater is recommended for
the beams and columns used to support the floor of a general office room, this could
restrict the equipment layout of large chained devices or heavy devices.
b) Verification by the building designer or the building constructor
Even if the base floor strength of the computer room meets the value suggested
above, the structure of the building, its secular changes, or the location of the server
system may not accept its installation. For these reasons, an equipment layout
superimposed with weight distributions should be presented to the building designer
or the building constructor as a means of determining whether the server system can
be installed.
c) Rooms used to install heavy devices
Power supply rooms and media storage rooms may require reinforcement even
when they provide a loading strength of 2.9 kN/m2 (61 lbf/ft2).
C120-H007-05EN 9
CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites
d) Newly constructed buildings
If a server system is to be installed in a newly constructed building, it is
recommended that loading strength of the floor itself, beam, and column is 4.9 kN/
m2 (100 lbf/ft2) or greater for such computer room.
(2) Vibration and earthquake-proofing
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of earthquake-free buildings mounted on
earthquake-free foundations that absorb the effects of earthquakes and computer
rooms with earthquake-free floors as safeguards against earthquakes. Because the
higher floors in an ordinary building are more susceptible to the effects of earthquakes
than the lower floors, it is recommended that server systems be installed on lower
floors.
Regarding the floor on which the server system is to be setup, special consideration
should be given to the following:
z As little vibration as possible in the steady state
z Vibrations during earthquakes not exceeding 2.5m/S2 (8.2ft/S2)
z If vibrations during earthquakes exceed 2.5m/S2 (8.2ft/S2), study the available
safeguards against earthquakes. The safeguards against earthquakes include
earthquake-free method, securing method, or clamping devices in position.
(3) Water damage
a) Drainage
The basement or the first floor of a building should be avoided as a site for installing
a server system because these floors can be flooded during floods. If installing a
server system on such floors is unavoidable, embankments or drainage facilities
should be provided to ensure uninterrupted functionality of the server system.
b) Structure
The building in which a server system is installed must be so structured to protect
the server system from the effects of the following:
z Damage from storms and flooding
z Fire fighting water
z Water leaking from the roof
z Water flowing from stairways
z Water leaking from water facilities in the upper floor(s)
z Water leaking from the water pipelines above the ceiling
10 C120-H007-05EN
2.2 Buildings
z Water leaking due to clogged drainage pipelines on the roof or in the upper floor(s)
c) Preventing water leakage from air conditioning facilities
Because air conditioning facilities commonly involve the use of water, as in coolant
pipelines, humidifying feed water, and water generated as a result of dehumidifying,
they would require measures to prevent water leakage. These measures include:
z Embankments surrounding air conditioning facilities and detection of water
leakage inside the embankments
z Detection of water leakage from water pipes
(4) Fires
a) Fireproofing
Buildings should be made fireproof.
b) Buffer zones
Buffer zones should be provided to avoid the effects of fires in the neighborhood.
c) Effects of fires in the neighborhood
Regarding the effects of smoke and heat caused by fires in the neighborhood,
following circumstances must be reviewed:
z From the standpoint of security, computer rooms and media storage rooms should
be windowless or have double walls to provide protection from fire, etc.
z The air intake duct in the computer room should be capable of being cut off
immediately during outbreaks of fires.
(5) Disasters caused by human neglect
Things to consider with regard to disasters caused by human neglect are summarized
below:
z Markings that clearly point to the presence of a server system should be avoided.
Such signboards would include those attached to a building.
z Computer rooms should be at locations where access can be limited to only
authorized personnel.
z Areas surrounding buildings housing server systems should be guarded by
patrolling, for example.
z Rooftop facilities and ground facilities on the premises visible from outside the
premises should be removed from view with screens or fences.
z Computer rooms should also not be visible externally.
C120-H007-05EN 11
CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites
2.2.2 Computer room location
Things to consider with regard to location of the computer room are summarized
below.
(1) Operability
The computer room should be conveniently located for access to communication with
related departments and for data receipt, issue, and relocation.
(2) Security
From a security standpoint, the computer room should be located on the lower middle
floor of a building, rather than the top floor or a basement. The first floor facing the
street should also be avoided. In addition, the top floor is not suitable since top floor
would be influenced by the effects of heat from the rooftop and ambient-air
temperatures.
(3) Sunshine requirements
Computer rooms do not have any special sunshine requirements because they
typically house a limited staff of operators and a large set of devices.
(4) Power supply
Computer rooms installed in buildings should be so located to afford access to the
required power source.
(5) Air conditioning
Computer rooms installed in buildings should be so located to afford access to air
conditioning.
2.2.3 Spaces
Regarding the spaces pertaining to buildings in which server systems are to be
installed, the following items, among others, should be considered:
z The space in which the server system is to be installed
z The space through which the server system will be moved
z The space where additional peripheral equipment or other server systems will be
installed
12 C120-H007-05EN
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