Ford Transit Connect 2010 User Manual

Table of Contents

Introduction 4
Instrument Cluster 12
Warning lights and chimes 12 Gauges 17
Entertainment Systems 20
AM/FM stereo 20 AM/FM stereo with CD 21 Auxiliary input jack (Line in) 23 Bluetooth system 25
Climate Controls 35
Manual heating and air conditioning 35 Rear window defroster 37
Lights 38
Headlamps 38 Turn signal control 41 Bulb replacement 42
Driver Controls 50
Windshield wiper/washer control 50 Steering wheel adjustment 51 Power windows 53 Mirrors 54 Speed control 55
Locks and Security 61
Keys 61 Anti-theft system 66
2010 Transit Connect (tst) Owners Guide (own2002), 1st Printing USA (fus)
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Table of Contents
Seating and Safety Restraints 70
Seating 70 Safety restraints 80 Airbags 92 Child restraints 104
Tires, Wheels and Loading 122
Tire information 124 Tire inflation 126 Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) 138 Vehicle loading 146 Trailer towing 151 Recreational towing 152
Driving 153
Starting 153 Brakes 157 AdvanceTrac 160 Transmission operation 167 Reverse sensing system 169
Roadside Emergencies 172
Getting roadside assistance 172 Hazard flasher control 173 Fuel pump shut-off switch 174 Fuses and relays 174 Changing tires 181 Wheel lug nut torque 189 Jump starting 190 Wrecker towing 195
Customer Assistance 197
Reporting safety defects (U.S. only) 203 Reporting safety defects (Canada only) 203
Cleaning 204
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Table of Contents
Maintenance and Specifications 211
Engine compartment 213 Engine oil 215 Battery 218 Engine coolant 220 Fuel information 226 Air filter(s) 240 Part numbers 241 Maintenance product specifications and capacities 242 Engine data 245
Accessories 249
Ford Extended Service Plan 251
Index 254
All rights reserved. Reproduction by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system or translation in whole or part is not permitted without written authorization from Ford Motor Company. Ford may change the contents without notice and without incurring obligation.
Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company
3

Introduction

CONGRATULATIONS

Congratulations on acquiring your new Ford. Please take the time to get well acquainted with your vehicle by reading this handbook. The more you know and understand about your vehicle, the greater the safety and pleasure you will derive from driving it.
For more information on Ford Motor Company and its products visit the following website:
In the United States: www.ford.com
In Canada: www.ford.ca
In Australia: www.ford.com.au
In Mexico: www.ford.com.mx
Additional owner information is given in separate publications.
This Owner’s Guide describes every option and model variant available and therefore some of the items covered may not apply to your particular vehicle. Furthermore, due to printing cycles it may describe options before they are generally available.
Remember to pass on this Owner’s Guide when reselling the vehicle. It is an integral part of the vehicle.
WARNING: Fuel pump shut-off switch: In the event of an
accident the safety switch will automatically cut off the fuel supply to the engine. The switch can also be activated through sudden vibration (e.g. collision when parking). To reset the switch, refer to the Fuel pump shut-off switch in the Roadside Emergencies chapter.

SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

Warning symbols in this guide

How can you reduce the risk of personal injury to yourself or others? In this guide, answers to such questions are contained in comments highlighted by the warning triangle symbol. These comments should be read and observed.
4
Introduction

Warning symbols on your vehicle

When you see this symbol, it is imperative that you consult the relevant section of this guide before touching or attempting adjustment of any kind.

Protecting the environment

We must all play our part in protecting the environment. Correct vehicle usage and the authorized disposal of waste, cleaning and lubrication materials are significant steps towards this aim. Information in this respect is highlighted in this guide with the tree symbol.
CALIFORNIA Proposition 65 Warning
WARNING: Engine exhaust, some of its constituents, and
certain vehicle components contain or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. In addition, certain fluids contained in vehicles and certain products of component wear contain or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm.

PERCHLORATE MATERIAL

Certain components of this vehicle such as airbag modules, seat belt pretensioners, and button cell batteries may contain Perchlorate Material – Special handling may apply for service or vehicle end of life disposal. See www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/perchlorate.

BREAKING-IN YOUR VEHICLE

Your vehicle does not need an extensive break-in. Try not to drive continuously at the same speed for the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of new vehicle operation. Vary your speed frequently in order to give the moving parts a chance to break in.
Drive your new vehicle at least 1,000 miles (1,600 km) before towing a trailer. For more detailed information about towing a trailer, refer to Trailer towing in the Tires, Wheels and Loading chapter.
5
Introduction
Do not add friction modifier compounds or special break-in oils since these additives may prevent piston ring seating. See Engine oil in the Maintenance and Specifications chapter for more information on oil usage.

SPECIAL NOTICES

New Vehicle Limited Warranty

For a detailed description of what is covered and what is not covered by your vehicle’s New Vehicle Limited Warranty, refer to the Warranty Guide/Customer Information Guide that is provided to you along with your Owner’s Guide.

Special instructions

For your added safety, your vehicle is fitted with sophisticated electronic controls.
WARNING: Please read the section Airbag Supplemental
Restraint System (SRS) in the Seating and Safety Restraints
chapter. Failure to follow the specific warnings and instructions could result in personal injury.
WARNING: Front seat mounted rear-facing child or infant seats
should NEVER be placed in front of an active passenger airbag.

Notice to owners of pickup trucks and utility type vehicles

WARNING: Utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover
rate than other types of vehicles.
Before you drive your vehicle, please read this Owner’s Guide carefully. Your vehicle is not a passenger car. As with other vehicles of this type, failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury or death.

Using your vehicle as an ambulance

Do not use this vehicle as an ambulance.
Your vehicle is not equipped with the Ford Ambulance Preparation Package.
6
Introduction

DATA RECORDING

Service Data Recording

Service data recorders in your vehicle are capable of collecting and storing diagnostic information about your vehicle. This potentially includes information about the performance or status of various systems and modules in the vehicle, such as engine, throttle, steering or brake systems. In order to properly diagnose and service your vehicle, Ford Motor Company, Ford of Canada, and service and repair facilities may access or share among them vehicle diagnostic information received through a direct connection to your vehicle when diagnosing or servicing your vehicle. For U.S. only (if equipped), if you choose to use the SYNC Vehicle Health Report, you consent that certain diagnostic information may also be accessed electronically by Ford Motor Company and Ford authorized service facilities, and that the diagnostic information may be used for any purpose. See your SYNCsupplement for more information.

Event Data Recording

Other modules in your vehicle — event data recorders — are capable of collecting and storing data during a crash or near crash event. The recorded information may assist in the investigation of such an event. The modules may record information about both the vehicle and the occupants, potentially including information such as:
how various systems in your vehicle were operating;
whether or not the driver and passenger seatbelts were
buckled;
how far (if at all) the driver was depressing the accelerator and/or the brake pedal;
how fast the vehicle was traveling;
where the driver was positioning the steering wheel; and
longitude and latitude of vehicle at last location, using GPS
technology and advanced vehicle sensors.
To access this information, special equipment must be directly connected to the recording modules. Ford Motor Company and Ford of Canada do not access event data recorder information without obtaining consent, unless pursuant to court order or where required by law enforcement, other government authorities or other third parties acting with lawful authority. Other parties
7
Introduction
may seek to access the information independently of Ford Motor Company and Ford of Canada. To the extent that any law pertaining to Event Data Recording applies to SYNCor its features, please note the following: Once 911 Assist (if equipped) is enabled (set ON), 911 Assist may, through any paired and connected cell phone, disclose to emergency services that the vehicle has been in a crash involving the deployment of an airbag or, in certain vehicles, the activation of the fuel pump shut-off. Certain versions or updates to 911 Assist may also be capable of electronically or verbally disclosing to 911 operators the vehicle location, and/or other details about the vehicle or crash to assist 911 operators to provide the most appropriate emergency services. If you do not want to disclose this information, do not activate the feature. See your SYNCsupplement for more information. Additionally, when you connect to Traffic, Directions and Information (if equipped, U.S. only), the service uses GPS technology and advanced vehicle sensors to collect the vehicle’s current location, travel direction, and speed (“vehicle travel information”) only to help provide you with the directions, traffic reports, or business searches you request. If you do not want Ford or its vendors to receive this information, do not activate the service. Ford Motor Company and the vendors it uses to provide you with this information do not store your vehicle travel information. For more information, see Traffic, Directions and Information, Terms and Conditions. See your SYNCsupplement for more information.

Vehicle Modification Data Recording

Some aftermarket products may cause severe engine and/or transmission damage; refer to the What is not covered section in The new vehicle
limited warranty for your vehicle chapter of your vehicle’s Warranty Guide for more information. Some vehicles are equipped with
Powertrain Control Systems that can detect and store information about vehicle modifications that, for example, increase horsepower and torque output; this information cannot be erased and will stay in the system’s memory even if the modification is removed. When a dealer or repair facility works on your vehicle, it may be necessary for them to access the information in the Powertrain Control System. This information will likely identify if any unauthorized modifications have been made to the system, which may be used to determine if the warranty has been violated and if repairs will be covered by warranty.
8
Introduction

CELL PHONE USE

The use of Mobile Communications Equipment has become increasingly important in the conduct of business and personal affairs. However, drivers must not compromise their own or others’ safety when using such equipment. Mobile Communications can enhance personal safety and security when appropriately used, particularly in emergency situations. Safety must be paramount when using mobile communications equipment to avoid negating these benefits.
Mobile Communication Equipment includes, but is not limited to cellular phones, pagers, portable email devices, in-vehicle communications systems, telematics devices and portable two-way radios.
WARNING: Driving while distracted can result in loss of vehicle
control, accident and injury. Ford strongly recommends that drivers use extreme caution when using any device that may take their focus off the road. The driver’s primary responsibility is the safe operation of their vehicle. Only use cell phones and other devices not essential to the driving task when it is safe to do so.

EXPORT UNIQUE (NON–UNITED STATES/CANADA) VEHICLE SPECIFIC INFORMATION

For your particular global region, your vehicle may be equipped with features and options that are different from the features and options that are described in this Owner’s Guide. A market unique supplement may be supplied that complements this book. By referring to the market unique supplement, if provided, you can properly identify those features, recommendations and specifications that are unique to your vehicle. This Owner’s Guide is written primarily for the U.S. and Canadian Markets. Features or equipment listed as standard may be different on units built for Export. Refer to this Owner’s Guide for all other required
information and warnings.
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Introduction
These are some of the symbols you may see on your vehicle.
Vehicle Symbol Glossary
Safety Alert
Fasten Safety Belt Airbag - Front
Airbag - Side
Child Seat Tether Anchor
Anti-Lock Brake System Parking Brake System
Brake Fluid ­Non-Petroleum Based
Stability Control System Speed Control
Master Lighting Switch Hazard Warning Flasher
Fog Lamps-Front Fuse Compartment
See Owner’s Guide
Child Seat Lower Anchor
Brake System
Parking Aid System
Fuel Pump Reset Windshield Wash/Wipe
Windshield Defrost/Demist
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Rear Window Defrost/Demist
Vehicle Symbol Glossary
Introduction
Power Windows Front/Rear
Child Safety Door Lock/Unlock
Power Window Lockout
Interior Luggage Compartment Release
Panic Alarm Engine Oil
Engine Coolant
Engine Coolant Temperature
Do Not Open When Hot Battery
Avoid Smoking, Flames, or Sparks
Battery Acid
Explosive Gas Fan Warning
Power Steering Fluid
Maintain Correct Fluid Level
Service Engine Soon Engine Air Filter
MAX
MIN
Passenger Compartment Air Filter
Check Fuel Cap
Jack
Low Tire Pressure Warning
11

Instrument Cluster

WARNING LIGHTS AND CHIMES

Warning lights and gauges can alert you to a vehicle condition that may become serious enough to cause expensive repairs. A warning light may illuminate when a problem exists with one of your vehicle’s functions. Many lights will illuminate when you start your vehicle to make sure the bulb works. If any light remains on after starting the vehicle, refer to the respective system warning light for additional information.
Service engine soon: The Service engine soon indicator light
illuminates when the ignition is first turned to the on position to check the bulb and to indicate whether the vehicle is ready for Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) testing. Normally, the “Service engine soon” light will stay on until the engine is cranked, then turn itself off if no malfunctions are present. However, if after 15 seconds the “Service engine soon” light blinks eight times, it means that the vehicle is not ready for I/M testing. See the Readiness for Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) testing in the Maintenance and Specifications chapter.
Solid illumination after the engine is started indicates the On Board Diagnostics System (OBD-II) has detected a malfunction. Refer to On board diagnostics (OBD-II) in the Maintenance and Specifications chapter. If the light is blinking, engine misfire is occurring which could damage your catalytic converter. Drive in a moderate fashion (avoid heavy acceleration and deceleration) and have your vehicle serviced immediately by your authorized dealer.
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Instrument Cluster
WARNING: Under engine misfire conditions, excessive exhaust
temperatures could damage the catalytic converter, the fuel system, interior floor coverings or other vehicle components, possibly causing a fire.
Brake system warning light: To confirm the brake system warning light is functional, it will momentarily illuminate when the ignition is turned to the on position when the engine is not running, or in a position between on and start, or by applying the parking brake when the ignition is turned to the on position. If the brake system warning light does not illuminate at this time, seek service immediately from your authorized dealer. Illumination after releasing the parking brake indicates low brake fluid level and the brake system should be inspected immediately by your authorized dealer.
WARNING: Driving a vehicle with the brake system warning
light on is dangerous. A significant decrease in braking performance may occur. It will take you longer to stop the vehicle. Have the vehicle checked by your authorized dealer. Driving extended distances with the parking brake engaged can cause brake failure and the risk of personal injury.
Anti-lock brake system: If the ABS light stays illuminated or continues to flash, a malfunction has been detected, have the system serviced immediately by your authorized dealer. Normal braking is still functional unless the brake warning light also is illuminated.
Airbag readiness: If this light fails to illuminate when the ignition is turned to on, continues to flash or remains on, have the system serviced immediately by your authorized dealer. A chime will sound when there is a malfunction in the indicator light.
BRAKE
P!
ABS
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Instrument Cluster
Safety belt: Reminds you to fasten your front driver and passenger safety belt. A Belt-Minderchime will also sound to remind you to fasten your safety belt. Refer to the Seating and Safety Restraints chapter to activate/deactivate the Belt-Minderchime feature.
Charging system: Illuminates when the battery is not charging properly. If it stays on while the engine is running, there may be a malfunction with the charging system. Contact your authorized dealer as soon as possible. This indicates a problem with the electrical system or a related component.
Engine oil pressure: Illuminates when the oil pressure falls below the normal range, refer to Engine oil in the Maintenance and Specifications chapter.
Anti-theft system: Flashes when the SecuriLock™ Passive Anti-theft system has been activated.
Overdrive off (if equipped):
Illuminates when the overdrive function of the transaxle has been turned off, refer to the Driving chapter. If the light flashes steadily or does not illuminate, have the transmission serviced soon, or damage may occur.
Speed control (if equipped):
Illuminates when the speed control is activated. Turns off when the speed control system is deactivated, refer to the Instrument cluster chapter for more information.
14
O/D
OFF
Instrument Cluster
Low tire pressure warning:
Illuminates when your tire pressure is low. If the light remains on at start up or while driving, the tire pressure should be checked. Refer to Inflating your tires in the Tires, Wheels and Loading chapter. When the ignition is first turned to on, the light will illuminate for three seconds to ensure the bulb is working. If the light does not turn on or begins to flash, have the system inspected by your authorized dealer. For more information on this system, refer to Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) in the Tires, Wheels and Loading chapter.
AdvanceTrac/Traction Control™: Illuminates when the
AdvanceTrac威/Traction Control™ is active. If the light remains on, contact your authorized dealer as soon as possible. Refer to the Driving chapter for more information.
Throttle Control/Transmission:
Illuminates when a powertrain fault has been detected. Contact your authorized dealer as soon as possible.
Low fuel: Illuminates when the fuel level in the fuel tank is at or near empty (refer to Fuel gauge in this chapter).
Door ajar: Illuminates when the ignition is in the on position and any door is open.
Turn signal: Illuminates when the left or right turn signal or the hazard lights are turned on. If the indicators stay on or flash faster, check for a burned out bulb.
High beams: Illuminates when the high-beam headlamps are turned on.
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Instrument Cluster
Headlamps: Illuminates when the low–beam headlamps are turned on.
Rear fog lamps: Illuminates when the rear fog lamps are turned on.
Key-in-ignition warning chime: Sounds when the key is left in the ignition in the off or accessory position and the driver’s door is opened.
Park warning chime: Sounds when the transmission is not in Park, the driver’s door is opened and the ignition is off or in accessory position.
Headlamps on warning chime: Sounds when the headlamps or parking lamps are on and the driver’s door is opened.
Seatbelt warning chime: The seatbelt chime sounds when the driver’s seatbelt is not fastened. When the ignition is in run and the seatbelt is not fastened, the chime will chime for 6 seconds. The chime will turn off if the driver’s seatbelt is fastened or if the ignition returns to off or accessory position.
Beltminder warning chime: This chime periodically sounds to remind the driver and/or passenger that their seatbelt is unbuckled. The seatbelt warning lamp in the cluster will also illuminate once vehicle speed has exceeded 6 mph (10 km/h).
Airbag secondary warning chime: This chime sounds to indicate a fault with the supplemental restraint system in the event that the airbag readiness warning light is not operating.
Door ajar warning chime: The door ajar reminder chime informs the driver that one or more doors are open while the ignition is in the run position.
16

GAUGES

Speedometer: Indicates the current vehicle speed.
Instrument Cluster
Tachometer: Indicates the engine speed in revolutions per minute. Driving with your tachometer pointer continuously at the top of the scale may damage the engine.
17
Instrument Cluster
Engine coolant temperature gauge: Indicates engine coolant
temperature. At normal operating temperature, the needle will be in the normal range. If it enters the
red section, the engine is overheating. Stop the vehicle as soon as safely possible, switch off the engine and let the engine cool. If it enters the red section
and the service engine soon indicator light illuminates, refer to How fail safe cooling works in the Maintenance and Specifications chapter.
WARNING: Never remove the coolant reservoir cap while the
engine is running or hot.
Fuel gauge: Indicates approximately how much fuel is left in the fuel tank (when the ignition is in the on position). The fuel gauge may vary slightly when the vehicle is in motion or on a grade.
The symbol of the fuel pump with the arrow points to the side of the vehicle that the fuel filler inlet is located.
Refer to Filling the tank in the Maintenance and Specifications chapter for more information.
18
Instrument Cluster
Information display
1. Distance to empty / clock: Registers the approximate distance the vehicle can travel before refuelling is necessary. Clock shows the current set time.
Switching the display between “clock” and “distance to empty”:
Vehicles with “clock” displayed normally: Press the Select button (4) to switch to the “distance to empty” display.
Vehicles with “distance to empty” displayed normally: Press the Select button (4) to switch to the “clock” display.
Setting the clock:
Vehicles with AM/FM radio:
Press the Select button (4) until the time flashes in the display. Press the Select button (4) to set the time.
Vehicles with AM/FM radio / CD player: Use the radio to set the time. See Setting the clock in the Entertainment chapter.
2. Trip odometer: Registers the distance of individual journeys. Press
the reset button (5) until the trip odometer resets.
3. Odometer: Registers the miles (kilometers) of the vehicle.
4. Select button: Press to switch between clock and distance to empty.
Also used to set the clock for vehicles equipped with AM/FM radio.
5. Reset button: Press until the trip odometer resets.
Note: The information display will remain on for several minutes after you switch off the ignition.
If SHON or SHIP ON is displayed, the vehicle shipping mode is switched on. Have your dealer switch off the vehicle shipping mode.
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Entertainment Systems

AUDIO SYSTEMS

AM/FM stereo (if equipped)

WARNING: Driving while distracted can result in loss of vehicle
control, accident and injury. Ford strongly recommends that drivers use extreme caution when using any device that may take their focus off the road. The driver’s primary responsibility is the safe operation of their vehicle. Only use cell phones and other devices not essential to the driving task when it is safe to do so.
One hour mode: Press the ON/OFF control to operate the system for up to an hour with the ignition turned off. The audio will automatically turn off after one hour.
VOL ON/OFF: Press to turn ON/OFF. Turn to increase/decrease volume.
AM/FM Radio
AM/FM: Press repeatedly to select AM/FM frequency band.
(Seek): Press to access the next strong station on the frequency
band.
SCAN: Press for a brief sampling of all strong radio stations. (1–4): (Memory Presets): When tuned to any station, press and hold a
preset button until sound returns. 20
Entertainment Systems
Sound Adjustments
Press MENU repeatedly to cycle through the following features:
BASS: Press
to adjust the level of bass.
TREBLE: Press
BALANCE: Press to adjust the audio between the left (L) and
right (R) speakers.
FADE: Press (F) speakers.

AM/FM stereo with single CD (if equipped)

WARNING: Driving while distracted can result in loss of vehicle
control, accident and injury. Ford strongly recommends that drivers use extreme caution when using any device that may take their focus off the road. The driver’s primary responsibility is the safe operation of their vehicle. Only use cell phones and other devices not essential to the driving task when it is safe to do so.
to adjust the level of treble.
to adjust the audio between the back (B) and front
One hour mode: Press the ON/OFF control to operate the system for up to an hour with the ignition turned off. The audio will automatically turn off after one hour.
VOL ON/OFF: Press to turn ON/OFF. Turn to increase/decrease volume.
21
Entertainment Systems
Setting the clock
To set the time or date, turn the radio on and press CLOCK until the time begins to flash. Press (date or time). Once the desired selection is flashing, turn the VOL
(Volume) control to adjust the time or date forward/backward. Press CLOCK again.
AM/FM radio
AM/FM: Press repeatedly to select AM/FM1 and FM2 frequency bands.
(Seek): Press to access the next strong station on the frequency
band.
SCAN: Press for a brief sampling of all strong radio stations. (1–6): (Memory Presets): When tuned to any station, press and hold a
preset button until sound returns. Note: If TP appears in the display, it is an indicator that RDS is active.
CD player
To load a CD, simply insert the disc, label side up, into the CD slot.
(Eject): Press to eject the CD.
(Seek): Press to access the previous/next track.
SCAN: Press for a brief sampling of all tracks on the current disc.
Sound Adjustments
BASS/TRE: Press to toggle between bass and treble adjustments. Once the desired selection appears in the display, press levels.
FADE/BAL: Press to toggle between fade and balance adjustments. Once the desired selection appears in the display, press the audio between front (F) and back (B) and left (L) and right (R)
speakers.
Extra Features
AUX: Press to access auxiliary input jack mode and play music from a portable player over the vehicle speakers.
(Phone): If your vehicle is equipped with the Bluetoothsystem, refer to Bluetooth hands free system later in this chapter for more information. If your vehicle is not equipped with Bluetooth, this control will not be operational.
22
or to access the desired selection
to adjust the
to adjust
Entertainment Systems
MENU: Press repeatedly to access the following features:
MAN: Press < or > to manually advance down or up the chosen
frequency band.
SCAN: Press < or > for a brief sampling of radio stations or CD tracks.
SHUFFLE CD: Select to shuffle the tracks on the current CD.
REPEAT CD: Select to repeat the current CD.
COMP (Compression): Select to bring soft and loud CD passages
together for a more consistent listening level.
CLOCK 24H: Press > to toggle between a 12 and 24 hour clock display.
AVC: Press < or > to decrease/increase the level of automatic volume
control.
ADV MENU: When ADV MENU (Advanced menu) appears in the display, press and hold MENU to access the following features:
NEWS ON/OFF: News features are not available in the U.S. and
Canada markets.
CLIP ON/OFF: Press to turn nominal volume levels on/off.
VEHICLE ID: Press to view the vehicle’s VIN number.
BT ON/OFF: Press to turn Bluetooth ON/OFF (if equipped). Refer to
Bluetooth hands free system later in this chapter for more information

Auxiliary input jack (Line in)

WARNING: Driving while distracted can result in loss of vehicle
control, accident and injury. Ford strongly recommends that drivers use extreme caution when using any device that may take their focus off the road. The driver’s primary responsibility is the safe operation of their vehicle. Only use cell phones and other devices not essential to the driving task when it is safe to do so.
23
Entertainment Systems
The auxiliary input jack allows you to connect your portable music player and play music through the vehicle speakers with high fidelity.
Required equipment:
1. Any portable music player designed to be used with headphones
2. An audio extension cable with stereo male 1/8 in. (3.5 mm) connectors at each end.
To play your portable music player using the auxiliary input jack:
1. Begin with the vehicle parked and the radio turned off.
2. Ensure that the battery in your portable music player is new or fully charged and that the device is turned off.
3. Attach one end of the audio extension cable to the headphone output of your player and the other end of the audio extension cable to the auxiliary input jack.
4. Turn the radio on, using either a tuned FM station or a CD loaded into the system. Adjust the volume to a comfortable listening level.
5. Turn the portable music player on and adjust the volume to 1/2 the volume.
6. Press AUX on the vehicle radio repeatedly until AUX appears in the display. You should hear audio from your portable music player although it may be low.
7. Adjust the sound on your portable music player until it reaches the level of the FM station or CD by switching back and forth between the AUX and FM or CD controls.
Troubleshooting:
1. Do not connect the audio input jack to a line level output. Line level outputs are intended for connection to a home stereo and are not compatible with the AIJ. The AIJ will only work correctly with devices that have a headphone output with a volume control.
2. Do not set the portable music player’s volume level higher than is necessary to match the volume of the CD or FM radio in your audio system as this will cause distortion and will reduce sound quality. Many
24
Entertainment Systems
portable music players have different output levels, so not all players should be set at the same levels. Some players will sound best at full volume and others will need to be set at a lower volume.
3. If the music sounds distorted at lower listening levels, turn the portable music player volume down. If the problems persists, replace or recharge the batteries in the portable music player.
4. The portable music player must be controlled in the same manner when it is used with headphones as the AIJ does not provide control (play, pause, etc.) over the attached portable music player.
5. For safety reasons, connecting or adjusting the settings on your portable music player should not be attempted while the vehicle is moving. Also, the portable music player should be stored in a secure location, such as the center console or the glove box, when the vehicle is in motion. The audio extension cable must be long enough to allow the portable music player to be safely stored while the vehicle is in motion.
BLUETOOTHHANDS-FREE SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED)
Your vehicle may be equipped with Bluetooth, a wireless technology which works with your cellular phone to allow you to send and receive calls in a hands-free manner. Your cellular phone must be Bluetooth enabled and also be connected (bonded or paired) to the vehicle’s system. These features allow you to have hands-free conversations while enabling you to focus your attention on the road.
WARNING: Use extreme caution when using any device or
feature that may take your attention off the road. Your primary responsibility is the safe operation of the vehicle. Only use non-essential features and devices when it is safe to do so.

PHONE COMPATIBILITY

While your Bluetooth system supports a variety of features, many are dependent upon the functionality of your cellular phone with Bluetooth wireless technology. If there is an incompatibility, the performance of your system may be significantly degraded. Please refer to www.fordvehicles.com/transitconnect for any questions.
25
Entertainment Systems

Getting started

Pairing (bonding) your phone
The first thing you must do to use the system is to pair (bond) your Bluetooth enabled cellular phone with your vehicle’s Bluetooth system. This process allows your phone to communicate with the hands-free system and ensures that other phones cannot inadvertently do so. You may pair/bond up to six phones with your Bluetoothsystem. To pair/connect your phone:
1. Ensure that your Bluetooth enabled cellular phone and audio system are on and your vehicle is in Park (P).
2. Press MENU repeatedly until ADV MENU appears in the display.
3. Press and hold MENU to enter into the Advanced menu selections.
4. Press MENU repeatedly until BT ON/OFF appears in the display. If the feature is set to OFF, press > so BT ON appears in the display.
5. Ensure that your phone is not in privacy mode. Then, follow the instructions in your cellular phone’s user guide to put your phone into Bluetooth discovery mode.
6. Select FORD AUDIO when it appears in your phone’s display.
7. Enter the code number shown on the vehicle display using the phone keypad. If no code number is shown on the display, enter the Bluetooth PIN number 0000 or any number using the phone keypad. Now enter the Bluetooth PIN number shown on the vehicle display.
The phone you have just paired/bonded is now considered the ’active’ phone. When the vehicle ignition is turned on, the Bluetooth system will automatically begin so search for paired phones, and will attempt to re-connect to the phone last paired/bonded with the system. If this phone is not available, the system will then automatically search for the next most recently connected phone.
To pair/bond subsequent phones to the system, simply follow the previous procedure.
Phonebook entries: Once theBluetooth system connects to your phone, it will attempt to automatically download your Phonebook entries so that you can easily access them later. The maximum number of entries vary depending on the information attached to the number.
26
Entertainment Systems

Voice recognition

Your Bluetooth system is equipped with a voice recognition system which allows you to perform some operations by speaking certain commands to the system. The system will respond with a series of beeps, confirmations or questions when necessary. At any time, you can say, “Cancel” if you do not wish to continue, or “Help” for a list of possible voice commands in your current mode. Speak the command clearly to ensure that the system is able to recognize and perform the desired function.
For best system performance:
After pressing VOICE on the stalk, wait until the beep is heard before speaking a command. Any command spoken prior to this will not register with the system.
Speak naturally without large pauses in between words.
Ensure that the interior of the vehicle is as quiet as possible. Wind noise from open windows and road vibrations may prevent the system from correctly recognizing spoken voice commands.
At any time, you can say these commands:
Phone Radio
CD player Cancel
External device Help
External device: Auxiliary input jack
Note: This system is language specific. If you would like the system to
operate in another language, please contact your authorized dealer.
VOL
VOL
E
IC
O
V
SEEK
E
D
O
M
27
Entertainment Systems
Microphone
Your vehicle has a microphone located in the A-pillar for the hands-free phone features and voice commands.
To mute the microphone: During an active call, press < or > on the audio system. Press again to un-mute and return to normal function.
Voice commands
Voice commands allow you to speak commands to the system while enabling you to keep your focus on the road. As you work through a voice session, the system will prompt you with a tone each time the system is ready to proceed.
Name tag feature: This system has a name tag feature which allows you assign name tags to items such as a favorite radio station or personal phone contact. You can store up to 20 name tags per function.
Note: There are some voice command ’short cuts’ available which allow you to speak those commands directly without having to follow the complete command menu.
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CD player voice commands
Press the VOICE button on the stalk. After the tone, say, “CD player” and then any of the following commands:
Entertainment Systems
E
IC
O
V
VOL
SEEK
E
D
O
M
VOL
Play Track
Shuffle all Shuffle folder
Shuffle off Repeat folder
1
2
2
Repeat track Repeat off
Help
1
Can be used as a shortcut.
2
Only available as a voice command if the CD contains audio data files
such as .mp3 or .wma. Note: You can select any track number between 1–99. You can also list
numbers individually, such as, “two, four, five” for track 245.
Radio voice commands
Press the VOICE button on the stalk. After the tone, say, “Radio” and then any of the following commands:
AM FM
Tune name
1
Delete name
Delete directory Play directory
Store name Play
Help
1
Can be used as a shortcut. This allows you to call up a stored radio
station.
29
Entertainment Systems
Phone voice commands
Press the VOICE button on the stalk. After the tone, say, “Phone” and then any of the following commands:
Mobile name
Dial number
1
1
Dial name
Delete name
Delete directory Play directory
Store name* Redial
Accept calls Reject calls
Help
1
Can be used as a shortcut.
Store name: When you say, “Store name”, the system will ask you for the name. Say the name. The system will then ask you for the number associated with that name. Say the number.
Delete name: Allows you to delete a stored radio station. Delete directory: Allows you to delete all stored stations at once. Play directory: Allows you to let the system tell you of all the stored
radio stations. Note: Using the system with the engine off will drain the battery.

Phone features

Phonebook
If your Bluetooth enabled cellular phone supports the feature, you can download your cell phone’s phone book to the Bluetooth system. Depending on your phone book entry, different categories may be displayed in the audio display, such as:
or ’Phone’
or ’Mobile’ or ’M’
or ’Home’ or ’H’
or ’Office’ or ’O’
or ’Fax’ or ’F’
1
1
30
Entertainment Systems
Making a call using voice commands
To make a hands-free call using your system:
1. Press the VOICE button on the stalk.
2. When the tone sounds, say, “Phone”. The system will confirm you are
in phone mode.
3. Say, “Dial name” or “Dial number”.
4. When prompted, say the desired name or phone number. The system
will ask you to confirm. If you confirm, the call will be placed. Otherwise, the call will be cancelled.
Making a call using your phone book entries
To access your phone book entries via Bluetooth:
1. Press the
2. Press MENU repeatedly until PHONEBOOK appears in the display.
3. Press the SEEK switch on the back of the stalk to scroll through all
possible listings. Note: Press and hold SEEK to advance to the next letter in the alphabet.
4. When the desired contact appears in the display, press
the call.
Ending a call
At any time, you can end an active call by pressing system.
To exit phone mode (and end an active call if present), CD, AM/FM, VOL ON/OFF, or
button on your audio system.
to initiate
on the audio
on the audio system.
Answering an incoming call
Accept the call by pressing the call will be transferred to hands-free mode.
Ignore the call by doing nothing. Reject the call by pressing CD, AM/FM or VOL/ON/OFF on the audio
system.
Answering a second incoming call
If another calls comes in while you are already on an active call, you will hear a beep. You have the choice to end your current call and accept the incoming call.
button on the audio system. The
31
Entertainment Systems
To accept the incoming call, press the button on the audio system.
To reject the incoming call, by pressing CD or AM/FM on the audio system.
Redialing a number
To redial a number:
1. Press
2. Press MENU repeatedly to cycle through CALL OUT, CALL IN,
MISSED, INCOMING or OUTGOING appears in the display.
3. When the desired selection appears in the display, press < or > to
access the desired number.
4. When the desired number appears in the display, press
system to initiate the call. To redial a number using voice commands:
1. Press VOICE on the stalk.
2. After the tone, say, “Phone”.
3. When prompted, say, “Redial”. The system will attempt to redial the
last number.
Changing the active phone
With your Bluetooth system, you can pair (bond) and save up to six phones. At any time, you can choose to make another one of your saved phones the ’active’ phone with which the system will connect. To select a another paired (bonded) phone as your active phone:
1. Press
2. Press MENU repeatedly until ACTIVE appears in the display.
3. Press < or > on the audio system to scroll through the list of paired
(bonded) phones.
4. When the desired selection appears in the display, press MENU.
Deleting a phone
A paired (bonded) phone can be deleted from the system at any time as long as the phone is not involved in an active call. To delete a phone from the system:
1. Press
2. Press MENU repeatedly until DEBOND appears in the display.
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on the audio system to enter the phone menu.
for the
on the audio system to enter the phone menu.
on the audio system to enter the phone menu.
Entertainment Systems
3. Press < or > on the audio system to scroll through the list of paired
(bonded) phones.
4. When the desired selection appears in the display that you would like
to delete, press MENU.

GENERAL AUDIO INFORMATION

Radio frequencies:
AM and FM frequencies are established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Canadian Radio and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). Those frequencies are:
AM: 530, 540–1700, 1710 kHz
FM: 87.7, 87.9–107.7, 107.9 MHz
Radio reception factors:
There are three factors that can affect radio reception:
Distance/strength: The further you travel from an FM station, the weaker the signal and the weaker the reception.
Terrain: Hills, mountains, tall buildings, power lines, electric fences, traffic lights and thunderstorms can interfere with your reception.
Station overload: When you pass a broadcast tower, a stronger signal may overtake a weaker one and play while the weak station frequency is displayed.
CD/CD player care
Do:
Handle discs by their edges only. (Never touch the playing surface).
Inspect discs before playing.
Clean only with an approved CD
cleaner.
33
Entertainment Systems
Wipe discs from the center out.
Don’t:
Expose discs to direct sunlight or heat sources for extended periods of time.
Clean using a circular motion.
CD units are designed to play commercially pressed 4.75 in (12 cm) audio compact discs only. Due to technical incompatibility, certain recordable and re-recordable compact discs may not function correctly when used in Ford CD players.
Do not use any irregular shaped CDs or discs with a scratch protection film attached.
CDs with homemade paper (adhesive) labels should not be inserted into the CD player as the label may peel and cause the CD to become jammed. It is recommended that homemade CDs be identified with permanent felt tip marker rather than adhesive labels. Ballpoint pens may damage CDs. Please contact your authorized dealer for further information.
Audio system warranty and service
Refer to the Warranty Guide/Customer Information Guide for audio system warranty information. If service is necessary, see your dealer or qualified technician.
34

Climate Controls

MANUAL HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

1. Temperature control: Controls the temperature of the airflow in the
vehicle. For optimum defrosting performance, set the dial to the defrost symbol
2. Air flow selections: Controls the direction of the airflow in the
vehicle. See the following for a brief description on each control setting:
: Distributes air through the instrument panel vents.
: Distributes air through the instrument panel vents and floor vents.
: Distributes air through the floor vents. Note: You may notice a
small amount of air flowing from the demister and defroster vents.
: Distributes air through the windshield defroster vents, demisters
and floor vents.
: Distributes outside air through the windshield defroster and demister vents. Can be used to clear thin ice or fog from the windshield. To exit
3. the vehicle. For optimum defrosting performance, set the dial to at least the 3 or 4 position near the
.
select another mode.
Fan speed adjustment: Controls the volume of air circulated in
(defrost) symbol.
35
Climate Controls
4. Recirculated air: Press to activate/deactivate air recirculation in the vehicle cabin. Recirculated air may reduce the amount of time required to cool down the interior of the vehicle and may also help reduce undesired odors from reaching the interior of the vehicle. Recirculated air will not function in
5. A/C: Press to activate/deactivate air conditioning. Use with recirculated air to improve cooling performance and efficiency. Engages automatically in

Operating tips

To reduce fog build up on the windshield during humid weather,
select near the (defrost) symbol. Also, set the temperature setting to the defrost symbol
To reduce humidity build up inside the vehicle, do not drive with the
system off or with
Do not put objects under the front seats that will interfere with the
airflow to the back seats.
Remove any snow, ice or leaves from the air intake area at the base of
the windshield.
To improve the time to reach comfort in hot weather, drive with the
windows slightly open for 2-3 minutes after start up or until the vehicle has been “aired out.”
During extreme high ambient temperatures when idling stationary for extended periods of time in gear, it is recommended to run the A/C in the max A/C mode, reduce blower fan speed from the highest setting and put the vehicle’s transmission into the P (Park) gear position to continue to receive cool air from your A/C system.
For maximum cooling performance, select max A/C by doing the following:
1. Select the coolest temperature setting.
2. Select recirculation air mode.
3. Set the fan to the highest speed initially. As the interior starts to cool down, adjust the fan speed to maintain comfort and/or switch from recirculated air to outside air mode.
(defrost) and set the fan speed dial to the 3 or 4 position
(defrost).
during cooler weather.
(recirculated air) engaged and A/C off.
(defrost).
36
Climate Controls
To aid in side window defogging/demisting in cold weather:
1. Select
2. Select A/C.
3. Adjust the temperature control to maintain comfort.
4. Set the fan speed to the highest setting.
5. Direct the outer instrument panel vents towards the side windows. To increase airflow to the outer instrument panel vents, close the vents
located in the middle of the instrument panel.

REAR WINDOW DEFROSTER (IF EQUIPPED) / HEATED MIRRORS (IF EQUIPPED)

The rear defroster control is located on the instrument panel above the radio and works to clear the rear windows of fog and thin ice.
The ignition must be on to operate the rear window defroster.
Press button will illuminate when active. The rear window defroster turns off automatically after a predetermined amount of time, if a low battery condition is detected or when the ignition is turned off. To manually turn off the rear window defroster at any time, press the control again.
If your vehicle is equipped with heated mirrors, this button will activate them. Refer to Exterior mirrors in the Driver Controls chapter.
Do not use razor blades or other sharp objects to clean the inside of the rear window or to remove decals from the inside or the rear window. This may cause damage to the heated grid lines and will not be covered by your warranty.
.
to turn the rear window defroster on. An indicator light on the
37

Lights

HEADLAMP CONTROL

Turns the lamps off.
Turns on the parking lamps, instrument panel lamps, license plate lamps and tail lamps.
Turns the headlamps on.

Rear fog lamp

The headlamp control also operates the rear fog lamp. The rear fog lamp can only be turned on when the headlamp control is in the
Pull the headlamp control towards you to turn the rear fog lamp on. The fog lamp indicator light
Note: Do not use the rear fog lamp when it is raining or snowing and visibility is more than 165 feet (50m).
position.
will illuminate.

Daytime running lamps (DRL) (if equipped)

Turns the headlamps on with a reduced output. To activate:
the ignition must be in the on position and
the headlamp control is in the off or parking lamp position.
WARNING: Always remember to turn on your headlamps at
dusk or during inclement weather. The Daytime Running Lamp (DRL) system does not activate the tail lamps and generally may not provide adequate lighting during these conditions. Failure to activate your headlamps under these conditions may result in a collision.
38

High beams

Pull the lever toward you to the second detent to activate the high beams. Pull the lever again toward you to the second detent to deactivate.

Flash to pass

Pull the lever toward you to the first detent to activate flash to pass, and release to deactivate.
Lights

PANEL DIMMER CONTROL

Use to adjust the brightness of the instrument panel and all applicable switches in the vehicle during headlamp and parking lamp operation.
Move the control from left to right to increase the brightness. Move the control from right to left to reduce the brightness.

AIMING THE HEADLAMPS

The headlamps on your vehicle are properly aimed at the assembly plant. If your vehicle has been in an accident, the alignment of your headlamps should be checked by your authorized dealer.
39
Lights

VERTICAL AIM ADJUSTMENT

1. Park the vehicle directly in front of a wall or screen on a level surface, approximately 25 feet (7.6 meters) away.
(1) 8 feet (2.4 meters)
(2) Center height of lamp to
ground
(3) 25 feet (7.6 meters)
(4) Horizontal reference line
2. Measure the height from the center of your headlamp to the ground and mark an 8 foot (2.4 meter) horizontal reference line on the vertical wall or screen at this height (a piece of masking tape works well).
3. Turn on the low beam headlamps to illuminate the wall or screen and open the hood.
4. On the wall or screen you will observe an area of high intensity light. The top of the high intensity area should touch the horizontal reference line. If not, the beam will need to be adjusted.
5. Locate the vertical adjuster on each headlamp, then use a Phillips #2 screwdriver or 10 mm wrench/socket to adjust the headlamp up or down.
6. Close the hood and turn off the lamps.
HORIZONTAL AIM IS NOT REQUIRED FOR THIS VEHICLE AND IS NON-ADJUSTABLE.
40
Lights

TURN SIGNAL CONTROL

Push down to activate the left turn signal.
Push up to activate the right turn signal.

INTERIOR LAMPS

Dome lamps

The dome lamp is equipped with a control switch that will illuminate when:
the doors are closed and the switch is in the right position.
the switch is in the middle position and any door is open.
When the dome lamp switch is in the left position, it will not illuminate when you open the doors.

Reading lamps (if equipped)

The reading lamps are operated by separate on/off controls.
Theater dimming: The dome lamp dims about 20 seconds after the doors are closed.

Approach lamps (if equipped)

The approach lamps will turn on and off automatically when you open and close the doors. If you unlock the doors with the remote control, they will come on. They will go off automatically after a short time.
41
Lights

BULB REPLACEMENT

Lamp assembly condensation

Exterior lamps are vented to accommodate normal changes in pressure. Condensation can be a natural by-product of this design. When moist air enters the lamp assembly through the vents, there is a possibility that condensation can occur when the temperature is cold. When normal condensation occurs, a thin film of mist can form on the interior of the lens. The thin mist eventually clears and exits through the vents during normal operation. Clearing time may take as long as 48 hours under dry weather conditions.
Examples of acceptable condensation are:
Presence of thin mist (no streaks, drip marks or droplets)
Fine mist covers less than 50% of the lens
Examples of unacceptable moisture (usually caused by a lamp water leak) are:
Water puddle inside the lamp
Large water droplets, drip marks or streaks present on the interior of
the lens
Take your vehicle to dealer for service if any of the above conditions of unacceptable moisture are present.

Using the right bulbs

Replacement bulbs are specified in the chart below. Headlamp bulbs must be marked with an authorized “D.O.T.” for North America to ensure lamp performance, light brightness and pattern and safe visibility. The correct bulbs will not damage the lamp assembly or void the lamp assembly warranty and will provide quality bulb burn time.
Function Trade number
Headlamps H13 Turn lamp indicator (front) 3457NAK Turn lamp indicator (rear) WY21W Side marker lamp W5W LL Side repeater lamp 194NA Brake and tail lamps W21/5W Backup lamp W21W License plate lamp W5W LL High-mount brake lamp LED To replace all instrument panel lights - see your authorized dealer
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Replacing interior bulbs

Check the operation of all bulbs frequently.
Replacing front dome lamps
1. Make sure the headlamp switch is
in the off position.
2. Switch off the interior lamps.
3. Pry out the light assembly with a
flat screwdriver.
Install in reverse order.
Replacing rear dome lamps
1. Make sure the headlamp switch is
in the off position.
2. Switch off the interior lamps.
3. Pry out the light assembly with a
flat screwdriver.
Lights
Install in reverse order.
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Lights
Replacing reading bulbs
1. Open the reading lamp assembly.
2. Pull the bulb straight out and
replace it.
3. After the bulb has been replaced,
close the lamp assembly. Install in reverse order.

Replacing exterior bulbs

Check the operation of all bulbs frequently.
Replacing headlamp bulbs
1. Make sure the headlamp control
is in the off position and open the hood.
2. Pull off the bulb cap.
3. Disconnect electrical connector
from the bulb.
4. Twist off the bulb retainer ring by
turning it counterclockwise. Install in reverse order.
WARNING: Handle a halogen headlamp bulb carefully and keep
out of children’s reach. Grasp the bulb by only its plastic base and do not touch the glass. The oil from your hand could cause the bulb to break the next time the headlamps are operated.
Note: If the bulb is accidentally touched, it should be cleaned with rubbing alcohol before being used.
44
Replacing front parking lamp bulbs
1. Make sure the headlamp control is in the off position.
2. Turn the cover counterclockwise and remove it.
3. Remove the bulb and the bulb socket.
4. Pull the bulb straight out.
Lights
Install in reverse order.
45
Lights
Replacing front turn signal bulbs
1. Make sure the headlamp control is in the off position and open the hood.
2. Remove the bulb socket from the lamp assembly by turning it counterclockwise.
3. Pull the bulb straight out of the socket.
Install in reverse order.
Replacing tail/brake/backup lamps and turn signal bulbs
1. Make sure the headlamp control is in the off position and then open the cargo door.
2. Remove the two wing nuts and gently pull the lamp assembly away from the vehicle.
46
3. Remove the bulb socket from the lamp assembly by turning it counterclockwise.
4. Pull the bulb straight out of the socket.
Install in reverse order.
Lights
47
Lights
Replacing front and rear side marker bulbs
1. Make sure the headlamp control is in the off position and then open the cargo door.
2. Remove the side marker by gently prying the lamp assembly away from the vehicle.
3. Remove the bulb socket from the lamp assembly by turning it counterclockwise.
4. Pull the bulb straight out of the socket.
Install in reverse order.
Replacing side repeater bulbs
1. Make sure the headlamp control is in the off position.
2. Remove the side repeater by prying it out from the bottom.
3. Hold the bulb holder and turn it counterclockwise to remove it.
4. Pull the bulb straight out.
Install in reverse order.
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Replacing high-mount brake lamp bulbs
See your authorized dealer for replacement.
Replacing license plate lamp bulbs
1. Make sure the headlamp control is in the off position.
2. Remove the lens assembly.
3. Pull the bulb straight out. Install in reverse order.
Lights
49

Driver Controls

MULTI-FUNCTION LEVER

Windshield wiper
Move the lever down for a single wipe.
For intermittent operation, move control up one position and adjust the rotary control to the desired speed.
For normal operation, move control up two positions and up three positions for high speed wiping.
Windshield washer
To activate the windshield washer, push the windshield washer
control. Release control to stop washer fluid spray. The wipers will operate for a short time after the wash is turned off.
Note: Do not operate the washer when the washer reservoir is empty. This may cause the washer pump to overheat. Check the washer fluid level frequently. Do not operate the wipers when the windshield is dry. This may scratch the glass, damage the wiper blades and cause the wiper motor to burn out. Before operating the wiper on a dry windshield, always use the windshield washer. In freezing weather, be sure the wiper blades are not frozen to the windshield before operating the wipers.

Rear window wiper/washer (if equipped)

Wiper
Pull the lever towards you for intermittent wiping.
Washer
Pull the lever further to operate the washer. The wiper will operate for a short time and will activate once more after pausing to clear the windshield.
Reverse gear wipe
The rear wiper will be activated automatically when shifting into reverse if the front wiper is activated.
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TILT AND TELESCOPE STEERING COLUMN

Release the locking lever to adjust the height of the steering wheel and its distance from the driver.
Return the lever to its original position to secure the wheel.
WARNING: Never adjust the steering wheel when the vehicle is moving.
Driver Controls

CENTER CONSOLE

Your vehicle has a variety of console features. These include:
Cupholders
Storage area
Power window switches (if equipped)
WARNING: Use only soft cups in the cupholder. Hard objects can injure you in a collision.
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Driver Controls

OVERHEAD STORAGE SHELF

The storage shelf above the windshield can be used for storing light objects such as safety jackets, coats, etc.
WARNING: Do not place heavy or hard objects in the overhead storage, which may fall while driving, and could cause serious
injury.

AUXILIARY POWER POINTS (12VDC)

Power outlets are designed for accessory plugs only. Do not insert any other object in the power outlet as this will damage the outlet and blow the fuse. Do not hang any type of accessory or accessory bracket from the plug. Improper use of the power outlet can cause damage not covered by your warranty.
The auxiliary power point(s) is located near the transmission shift lever.
Your vehicle may also include an auxiliary power point located in the rear cargo area.
Do not use the power point for operating a cigarette lighter element. To prevent the fuse from being blown, do not use the power point(s)
over the vehicle capacity of 12 VDC/180W. If the power point or cigar lighter socket is not working, a fuse may have blown. Refer to Fuses and relays in the Roadside Emergencies chapter for information on checking and replacing fuses.
52
Driver Controls
To have full capacity usage of your power point, the engine is required to be running to avoid unintentional discharge of the battery. To prevent the battery from being discharged:
do not use the power point longer than necessary when the engine is
not running,
do not leave battery chargers, video game adapters, computers and
other devices plugged in overnight or when the vehicle is parked for extended periods.
Always keep the power point caps closed when not being used.

POWER WINDOWS (IF EQUIPPED)

WARNING: Do not leave children unattended in the vehicle and do not let children play with the power windows. They may
seriously injure themselves.
WARNING: When closing the power windows, you should verify they are free of obstructions and ensure that children and/or
pets are not in the proximity of the window openings.
Press/pull the window switches, located on the center console near the cupholders, to open/close the windows.

One touch down

Allows the driver’s window to open fully without holding the control down. Press the switch down and release quickly. The window will open fully. Press it again to stop the window.
53
Driver Controls

INTERIOR MIRROR

The interior rear view mirror has two pivot points on the support arm which lets you adjust the mirror: up, down and from side-to-side.
Push the tab to help reduce glare at night.
WARNING: Do not adjust the mirror while the vehicle is in motion.

EXTERIOR MIRRORS

Power side view mirrors (if equipped)

To adjust your mirrors:
1. Rotate the control clockwise to adjust the right mirror or counterclockwise to adjust the left mirror.
2. Move the control in the direction you wish to tilt the mirror.
3. Return the control to the center position to lock mirrors in place.
Heated side view mirrors (if equipped)
Both mirrors are heated automatically to remove ice, mist and fog when the rear window defrost is activated.
Do not remove ice from the mirrors with a scraper or attempt to readjust the mirror glass if it is frozen in place. These actions could cause damage to the glass and mirrors.

Fold-away mirrors

Pull/push the mirrors in to fold/unfold them.
54
Driver Controls

SPEED CONTROL (IF EQUIPPED)

With speed control set, you can maintain a set speed without keeping your foot on the accelerator pedal.
WARNING: Do not use the speed control in heavy traffic or on roads that are winding, slippery or unpaved.

Setting speed control

The controls for using your speed control are located on the steering wheel.
1. Press ON and release it.
2. Accelerate to the desired speed.
3. Press SET + and release it.
4. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal.
5. The indicator light on the instrument cluster will turn on.
RES
SET
Note:
Vehicle speed may vary momentarily when driving up and down a
steep hill.
If the vehicle speed increases above the set speed on a downhill, you
may want to apply the brakes to reduce the speed.
If the vehicle speed decreases more than 10 mph (16 km/h) below
your set speed on an uphill, your speed control will disengage.
Disengaging speed control
To disengage the speed control, depress the brake pedal. Disengaging the speed control will not erase previous set speed.
55
Driver Controls
Resuming a set speed
Press RES and release it. This will automatically return the vehicle to the previously set speed.
Increasing speed while using speed control
There are two ways to set a higher speed:
Press and hold SET + until you
get to the desired speed, then release the control. You can also use the SET + control to operate the Tap-Up function. Press and release this control to increase the vehicle set speed in small amounts by 1 mph (1.6 km/h).
Use the accelerator pedal to get to the desired speed. When the
vehicle reaches that speed, press and release the SET + control.
RES
SET
Reducing speed while using speed control
There are two ways to reduce a set speed:
Press and hold – until you get to
the desired speed, then release the control. You can also use the – control to operate the Tap-Down function. Press and release – to decrease the vehicle set speed in small amounts by 1 mph (1.6 km/h).
56
Driver Controls
Depress the brake pedal until the
desired vehicle speed is reached, press SET +.
Turning off speed control
Press OFF. Note: When you turn off the speed
control or the ignition, your speed control set speed memory is erased.

STEERING WHEEL CONTROLS (IF EQUIPPED)

The following functions can be operated with the steering wheel controls:
Volume
Volume up: Press the top button
on the back of the remote control.
Volume down: Press the bottom
button on the back of the remote control.
VOL
VOL
RES
SET
E
C
I
O
V
K
E
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S
E
D
O
M
57
Driver Controls
Seek
Move the SEEK switch up or down:
In radio mode, this will locate the
next radio station up or down the frequency band.
In CD mode, it will select the
next or previous track.
Mode
Briefly press the button on the side:
In radio mode, this will locate the
next pre-set radio station.
In CD mode, this will select the
next CD when equipped with a CD changer.
In all modes to abort a traffic
message during broadcasting
Press and hold the button on the side:
In radio mode, to change the band (AM, FM).
E
IC
O
V
L
O
V
K
E
E
S
E
D
O
M
L
O
V
VOICE
L
O
V
K
E
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S
MODE
L
O
V
58

DUAL REAR DOORS

Open the right hand door first from either the outside (1) or inside (2) the vehicle.
Open the left hand door second by squeezing the handle to unlatch the door and pulling it open.
Driver Controls
12
59
Driver Controls
Note: The dual rear doors should be closed before driving your vehicle. Leaving the doors open could cause serious damage to them and their components. The left door must be closed first.
Opening the doors fully
Push the yellow button located on the door and swing it open. The check arms will automatically re-engage when the doors are closed.
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KEYS

The key operates all locks on your vehicle. You should always carry a second key with you in a safe place in case you require it in an emergency.
If your vehicle is equipped with the SecuriLock™ Passive Anti-theft system, your keys are electronically coded to your vehicle; using a non-coded key will not permit your vehicle to start. If you lose your dealer supplied keys, replacement keys are available through your authorized dealer.

Central unlocking/locking

To unlock the passenger doors, turn the key towards the front of the
vehicle.
To lock the all doors, turn the key towards the rear of the vehicle.

CHILDPROOF DOOR LOCKS

When these locks are set, the
sliding doors cannot be opened from the inside.
The sliding doors can be opened
from the outside when the doors are unlocked.
The childproof locks are located on rear edge of each sliding door and must be set separately for each door. Setting the lock for one door will not automatically set the lock for both doors.
Insert the key and turn to the
lock position to engage the childproof locks.
Insert the key and turn to the
unlock position to disengage the childproof locks.
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Locks and Security

REMOTE ENTRY SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED)

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules and with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Remote entry receiver certification numbers Country Part Label/Type Approval
Canada SIEMENS VDO 5WK4 7899
IC: 267T - 5WK47899
USA SIEMENS VDO 5WK4 7899
FCC ID: KR55WK47899
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
The typical operating range for your remote entry transmitter is approximately 33 feet (10 meters). A decrease in operating range could be caused by:
weather conditions,
nearby radio towers,
structures around the vehicle, or
other vehicles parked next to
your vehicle.
The remote entry system allows you to lock or unlock all vehicle doors and cargo door without a key.
Note: The lock and unlock buttons work only when the ignition is the off position. The cargo door button works when the ignition is any position.
If there are problems with the remote entry system, make sure to take ALL remote entry transmitters with you to the authorized dealer in order to aid in troubleshooting the problem.
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Two-step door unlocking

Press
Within three seconds, press and release again to unlock all the
doors.
Note: The interior lamps will illuminate if the control on the overhead lamp is not set to the off position.
One-step door unlocking
If the one step door unlocking feature is activated, press once to unlock all the doors. Note: The interior lamps will illuminate (refer to the Illuminated entry feature later in this section), if the control on the overhead lamp is not set to the off position.
Switching from two step to one step door unlocking
Your vehicle comes with two step unlocking enabled. With the vehicle locked, unlocking can be switched between two step and one step door
unlocking by pressing and holding both the simultaneously on the remote entry transmitter for approximately four
seconds and release. The turn signal lamps will flash twice to indicate that the vehicle has switched to one step unlocking. Repeat the procedure to switch back to two-step unlocking.
Unlocking cargo doors
Press
Ensure that the cargo doors are closed and latched before driving your vehicle. Failure to properly latch the cargo doors may cause objects to fall out.
and release to unlock the passenger doors.
and release
and buttons
to unlock the cargo doors.

Locking the doors

1. Press and release to lock all the doors. If all doors are closed the turn signal lamps will flash twice.
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Locks and Security

Replacing the battery

The remote entry transmitter uses one coin type three-volt lithium battery CR2032 or equivalent.
To replace the battery:
1. Carefully separate the transmitter unit from the key using a flat object (e.g. a screwdriver) at the recess on the back.
2. Open the transmitter unit by separating the retaining clips on the sides with the flat object.
3. Remove the old battery. Note: Please refer to local
regulations when disposing of transmitter batteries.
4. DO NOT TAKE THE PLASTIC COVER AND CIRCUIT BOARD OFF THE FRONT HOUSING OF THE REMOTE ENTRY TRANSMITTER.
5. Do not wipe off any grease on the battery terminals or the back surface of the circuit board.
6. Insert the new battery. The positive + terminal should face upwards. Press the battery down to ensure that the battery is fully seated in the battery housing cavity.
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Locks and Security
7. Snap the two halves back together. Note: Replacement of the battery will not cause the remote transmitter
to become deprogrammed from your vehicle. The remote transmitter should operate normally after battery replacement.

Replacing lost remote entry transmitters

If you would like to have your remote entry transmitter reprogrammed because you lost one, or would like to buy additional remote entry transmitters, you can either reprogram them yourself, or take all remote entry transmitters to your authorized dealer for reprogramming.
How to reprogram your remote entry transmitters
You must have all remote entry transmitters (maximum of four) available before beginning this procedure. If all remote entry transmitters are not present during the programming procedure, the transmitters that are not present during programming will no longer operate the vehicle.
Note: Ensure the brake pedal is not depressed during this sequence. To reprogram the remote entry transmitters:
1. Ensure the vehicle is electronically unlocked.
2. Put the key in the ignition.
3. Turn the key from the O (off) position to II (on).
4. Cycle eight times rapidly (within 10 seconds) between the O (off) position and II (on). Note: The eighth turn must end in the II (on) position.
5. The doors will lock, then unlock, to confirm that the programming mode has been activated.
6. Within 20 seconds press any button on the remote entry transmitter. Note: If more than 20 seconds have passed you will need to start the procedure over again.
7. The doors will lock, then unlock, to confirm that this remote entry transmitter has been programmed.
8. Repeat Step 6 to program each additional remote entry transmitter.
9. Turn the ignition to the O (off) position after you have finished programming all of the remote entry transmitters.
10. The doors will lock, then unlock, to confirm that the programming mode has been exited.
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Locks and Security

Illuminated entry

The interior lamps illuminate when the remote entry system is used to unlock the door(s).
The illuminated entry system will turn off the interior lights if:
the ignition switch is turned to the on position, or
the remote transmitter lock control is pressed, or
after 25 seconds of illumination.
The dome lamp control (if equipped) must not be set to the off position for the illuminated entry system to operate.
The inside lights will not turn off if:
they have been turned on with the dome lamp control, or
any door is open.

SECURILOCK™ PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (IF EQUIPPED)

SecuriLock™ passive anti-theft system is an engine immobilization system. This system is designed to help prevent the engine from being started unless a coded key programmed to your vehicle is used. The use of the wrong type of coded key may lead to a “no-start” condition.
Your vehicle comes with two coded keys; additional coded keys may be purchased from your authorized dealer. The authorized dealer can program your spare keys to your vehicle or you can program the keys yourself. Refer to Programming spare keys for instructions on how to program the coded key.
Note: The SecuriLock™ passive anti-theft system is not compatible with non-Ford aftermarket remote start systems. Use of these systems may result in vehicle starting problems and a loss of security protection.
Note: Large metallic objects, electronic devices that are used to purchase gasoline or similar items, or a second coded key on the same key chain may cause vehicle starting issues. You need to prevent these objects from touching the coded key while starting the engine. These objects will not cause damage to the coded key, but may cause a momentary issue if they are too close to the key when starting the engine. If a problem occurs, turn the ignition off, remove all objects on the key chain away from the coded key and restart the engine.
Note: Do not leave a duplicate coded key in the vehicle. Always take your keys and lock all doors when leaving the vehicle.
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Anti-theft indicator

The anti-theft indicator is located in the instrument cluster.
When the ignition is in the off
position, the indicator will flash briefly to indicate the SecuriLock™ system is functioning as a theft deterrent. The indicator light will stop flashing after approximately 10 seconds.
When the ignition is in the on position, the indicator will glow for
three seconds, then turn off, to indicate normal system functionality.
If a problem occurs with the SecuriLock™ system, the indicator will flash rapidly or glow steadily when the ignition is in the on position. If this occurs, turn the ignition off then back to on to make sure there was no electronic interference with the programmed key. If the vehicle doesn’t start, try to start it with the 2nd programmed key and if successful contact your authorized dealership for key replacement. If the indicator still flashes rapidly or glows steadily, and the vehicle will not start, contact your authorized dealer as soon as possible for service.

Automatic arming

The vehicle is armed immediately after switching the ignition to the off position.

Automatic disarming

Switching the ignition to the on position with a coded key disarms the vehicle.

Replacement keys

If your keys are lost or stolen and you don’t have an extra coded key, you will need to have your vehicle towed to an authorized dealer. The key codes need to be erased from your vehicle and new coded keys will need to be programmed.
Replacing coded keys can be very costly. Store an extra programmed key away from the vehicle in a safe place to help prevent any inconveniences. Please visit an authorized dealer to purchase additional spare or replacement keys.

Programming spare keys

You can program your own coded keys to your vehicle. Please read and understand the entire procedure before you begin.
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Locks and Security
The process for programming Securilock™ keys is independent of the process for programming Remote Entry Transmitters. If your vehicle is fitted with Securilock™ and Remote Entry, you must perform both learning procedures in order to program both the Immobilizer and Remote Locking functions of the key fob.
Tips:
A maximum of eight keys can be coded to your vehicle.
Only use SecuriLock™ keys.
You must have two previously programmed coded keys (keys that
already operate your vehicle’s engine) and the new unprogrammed key(s) readily accessible.
If two previously programmed coded keys are not available, you must
take your vehicle to your authorized dealer to have the spare key(s) programmed.
1. Insert a previously programmed coded key into the ignition.
2. Turn the ignition from the O (off) position to the II (on) position. Keep the ignition in the II (on) position for at least one second, but no more than 10 seconds.
3. Turn the ignition to the O (off) position.
4. Remove the previously programmed coded key from the ignition.
5. After three seconds but within 10 seconds of removing the previously programmed coded key, insert the other previously programmed coded key into the ignition.
6. Turn the ignition from the O (off) position to the II (on) position. Keep the ignition in the II (on) position for at least one second but not more than 10 seconds.
7. Turn the ignition to the O (off) position.
8. Remove the previously programmed coded key from the ignition.
9. After three seconds but within twenty seconds of removing the previously programmed coded key, insert the unprogrammed key (new/valet key) into the ignition.
10. Turn the ignition from the O (off) position to the II (on) position. Keep the ignition in the II (on) position for at least one second, but no more than 10 seconds.
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11. Your new, unprogrammed key is now programmed. If the key has been successfully programmed it will start the vehicle’s
engine and the theft indicator light will illuminate for three seconds and then go out.
If the key was not successfully programmed, it will not start your vehicle’s engine and the theft indicator light will flash on and off, or stay on for more than three seconds. If failure repeats, bring your vehicle to your authorized dealer to have the new key(s) programmed.
To program additional new unprogrammed key(s), repeat this procedure from Step 1 for each additional key.
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Seating and Safety Restraints

SEATING

WARNING: Reclining the seatback can cause an occupant to slide under the seat’s safety belt, resulting in severe personal
injuries in the event of a collision.
WARNING: Do not pile cargo higher than the seatbacks to reduce the risk of injury in a collision or sudden stop.
WARNING: Before returning the seatback to its original
position, make sure that cargo or any objects are not trapped behind the seatback. After returning the seatback to its original position, pull on the seatback to ensure that it has fully latched. An unlatched seat may become dangerous in the event of a sudden stop or collision.

Adjustable head restraints

Your vehicle is equipped with front row outboard head restraints that are vertically adjustable.
WARNING: To minimize the risk of neck injury in the event of a
crash, the driver and passenger occupants should not sit in and/or operate the vehicle, until the head restraint is placed in its proper position. The driver should never adjust the head restraint while the vehicle is in motion.
The adjustable head restraints consist of:
a trimmed energy absorbing foam and structure (1),
two steel stems (2),
a guide sleeve lock/release button
(3),
and a guide sleeve with a smaller button for removing the head restraint (4).
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To adjust the head restraint, do the following:
1. Adjust the seatback to an upright driving/riding position.
2. Raise the head restraint by
pulling up on the head restraint.
3. Lower the head restraint by
pressing and holding the guide sleeve lock/release button and pushing down on the head restraint.
Properly adjust the head restraint so that the top of the head restraint is even with the top of your head and positioned as close as possible to the back of your head. For occupants of extremely tall stature, adjust the head restraint to its full up position.
WARNING: The adjustable head restraint is a safety device. Whenever possible it should be installed and properly adjusted
when the seat is occupied.
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Seating and Safety Restraints
To remove the adjustable head restraint, do the following:
1. Pull up the head restraint until it
reaches the highest adjustment position.
2. Use a push tool, such as a key, to
press the small button located on the side of the guide sleeve and, at the same time, press the lock/release button, then pull the head restraint upward.
To reinstall the adjustable head restraint, do the following:
1. Insert the two stems into the
guide sleeve collars.
2. Push the head restraint down
until it locks.
Properly adjust the head restraint so that the top of the head restraint is even with the top of your head and positioned as close as possible to the back of your head. For occupants of extremely tall stature, adjust the head restraint to its full up position.
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WARNING: To minimize the risk of neck injury in the event of a crash, head restraints must be installed properly.

Adjusting the front manual seat

WARNING: Never adjust the driver’s seat or seatback when the vehicle is moving.
WARNING: Always drive and ride with your seatback upright and the lap belt snug and low across the hips.
Lift handle to move seat forward or backward.
Rotate the control to adjust seatback.
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Move the front control to raise or lower the seat cushion.

Using the manual lumbar support

The lumbar support control is located on the in-board side of the seatback.
Turn the lumbar support control clockwise for more support.
Turn the lumbar support counter-clockwise for less support.

Using the armrest (if equipped)

Move the armrest up or down. You can also move it all the way up to stow it on the side of the seatback.

REAR SEATS

Second row adjustable head restraints

Your vehicle is equipped with second row outboard head restraints that are vertically adjustable.
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WARNING: To minimize the risk of neck injury in the event of a
crash, the driver and passenger occupants should not sit in and/or operate the vehicle, until the head restraint is placed in its proper position. The driver should never adjust the head restraint while the vehicle is in motion.
The adjustable head restraints consist of :
a trimmed energy absorbing foam and structure (1),
two steel stems (2),
a guide sleeve adjust release
button (3),
and a red guide sleeve unlock/remove button (4).
To adjust the head restraint, do the following:
1. Adjust the seatback to an upright driving/riding position.
2. Raise the head restraint by
pulling up on the head restraint.
3. Lower the head restraint by
pressing and holding the guide sleeve adjust release button and pushing down on the head restraint.
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Properly adjust the head restraint so that the top of the head restraint is even with the top of your head and positioned as close as possible to the back of your head. For occupants of extremely tall stature, adjust the head restraint to its full up position.
WARNING: The adjustable head restraint is a safety device. Whenever possible it should be installed and properly adjusted
when the seat is occupied.
To remove the adjustable head restraint, do the following:
1. Pull up the head restraint until it
reaches the highest adjustment position.
2. Simultaneously press and hold
both the adjust/release button and the unlock/remove button, then pull up on the head restraint.
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To reinstall the adjustable head restraint, do the following:
1. Insert the two stems into the
guide sleeve collars.
2. Push the head restraint down
until it locks.
Properly adjust the head restraint so that the top of the head restraint is even with the top of your head and positioned as close as possible to the back of your head. For occupants of extremely tall stature, adjust the head restraint to its full up position.
WARNING: To minimize the risk of neck injury in the event of a crash, head restraints must be installed properly.

Folding down the rear seat

One or both rear seatbacks can be folded down to provide additional cargo space.
To lower a single seatback:
1. Remove the head restraint(s).
Refer to Second row adjustable head restraints earlier in this chapter.
Note: Place the head restraint underneath the back of the front seat for storage.
2. Pull down the lever on the side of
the seat back.
3. Push the seatback forward.
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To lower both seatbacks:
1. Remove all head restraints. Refer
to Adjustable rear head restraints in this chapter.
Note: Place the head restraint underneath the back of the front seat for storage.
2. Pull the levers on the side of the
seatback.
3. Fold the seatback forward.
To place the seat in the tumble position:
4. Pull the release straps up.
5. Fold the seat forwards until the
lever is automatically locked and you hear a click.
When raising the seatback(s), make sure the lever is locked and you hear the seat latch into place.
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Returning the seat to the upright position
WARNING: Before returning the seatback to its original
position, make sure that cargo or any objects are not trapped behind the seatback. After returning the seatback to its original position, pull on the seatback to ensure that it has fully latched. An unlatched seat may become dangerous in the event of a sudden stop or collision.
1. Pull down on the locking lever.
2. Fold the seat down.
3. Raise the seatback.
4. Install all head restraints.
5. Ensure that the red indicator is in the locked position.
Locked
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Unlocked

SAFETY RESTRAINTS

Personal Safety System

The Personal Safety Systemprovides an improved overall level of frontal crash protection to front seat occupants and is designed to help further reduce the risk of airbag-related injuries. The system is able to analyze different occupant conditions and crash severity before activating the appropriate safety devices to help better protect a range of occupants in a variety of frontal crash situations.
Your vehicle’s Personal Safety Systemconsists of:
Driver and passenger dual-stage airbag supplemental restraints.
Front safety belts with pretensioners, energy management retractors,
and safety belt usage sensors.
Driver’s seat position sensor.
Two front crash severity sensors.
Front passenger sensing system
“Passenger airbag off” or “pass airbag off” indicator lamp
Restraints Control Module (RCM) with impact and safing sensors.
Restraint system warning light and back-up tone.
The electrical wiring for the airbags, crash sensor(s), safety belt
pretensioners, front safety belt usage sensors, driver seat position sensor, and indicator lights.
How does the Personal Safety Systemwork?
The Personal Safety Systemcan adapt the deployment strategy of your vehicle’s safety devices according to crash severity and conditions. A collection of crash sensors provides information to the Restraints Control
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Module (RCM). During a crash, the RCM may activate the safety belt pretensioners and/or either none, one, or both stages of the dual-stage airbag supplemental restraints based on crash severity and conditions.
The fact that the pretensioners or airbags did not activate for both front seat occupants in a collision does not mean that something is wrong with the system. Rather, it means the Personal Safety Systemdetermined the accident conditions (crash severity, belt usage, etc.) were not appropriate to activate these safety devices. Front airbags are designed to activate only in frontal and near-frontal collisions, not rollovers, side-impacts, or rear-impacts unless the collision causes sufficient longitudinal deceleration.
Driver and passenger dual-stage airbag supplemental restraints
The dual-stage airbags offer the capability to tailor the level of airbag inflation energy. A lower, less forceful energy level is provided for more common, moderate-severity impacts. A higher energy level is used for the most severe impacts. Refer to Airbag supplemental restraints (SRS) section in this chapter.
Front crash severity sensors
The front crash severity sensors enhance the ability to detect the severity of an impact. Positioned up front, they provide valuable information early in the crash event on the severity of the impact. This allows your Personal Safety Systemto distinguish between different levels of crash severity and modify the deployment strategy of the dual-stage airbags and safety belt pretensioners.
Driver’s seat position sensor
The driver’s seat position sensor allows your Personal Safety System威 to tailor the deployment level of the driver dual-stage airbag based on seat position. The system is designed to help protect smaller drivers sitting close to the driver airbag by providing a lower airbag output level.
Front passenger sensing system
For airbags to do their job they must inflate with great force, and this force can pose a potentially deadly risk to occupants that are very close to the airbag when it begins to inflate. For some occupants, like infants in rear-facing child seats, this occurs because they are initially sitting very close to the airbag. For other occupants, this occurs when the occupant is not properly restrained by safety belts or child safety seats and they move forward during pre-crash braking. The most effective way to reduce the risk of unnecessary injuries is to make sure all occupants
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are properly restrained. Accident statistics suggest that children are much safer when properly restrained in the rear seating positions than in the front.
WARNING: Air bags can kill or injure a child in a child seat.
NEVER place a rear-facing child seat in front of an active air
bag. If you must use a forward-facing child seat in the front seat, move the seat all the way back.
WARNING: Always transport children 12 years old and under in
the back seat and always properly use appropriate child restraints.
The front passenger sensing system can automatically turn off the passenger front airbag. The system is designed to help protect small (child size) occupants from airbag deployments when they are improperly seated or restrained in the front passenger seat contrary to proper child-seating or restraint usage recommendations. Even with this technology, parents are STRONGLY encouraged to always properly restrain children in the rear seat. The sensor also turns off the airbag when the passenger seat is empty to prevent unnecessary replacement of the airbag(s) after a collision.
When the front passenger seat is occupied and the sensing system has turned off the passenger’s frontal airbag, the “pass airbag off” indicator will light and stay lit to remind you that the front passenger frontal airbag is off. See Front passenger sensing system in the Airbag supplemental restraints (SRS) section of this chapter.
Front safety belt usage sensors
The front safety belt usage sensors detect whether or not the driver and front outboard passenger safety belts are fastened. This information allows your Personal Safety Systemto tailor the airbag deployment and safety belt pretensioner activation depending upon safety belt usage.
Front outboard safety belt pretensioners
The safety belt pretensioners at the front outboard seating positions are designed to tighten the safety belts firmly against the occupant’s body during frontal collisions, and in side collisions when the side air curtain system activates. This helps increase the effectiveness of the safety belts. In frontal collisions, the safety belt pretensioners can be activated alone or, if the collision is of sufficient severity, together with the front airbags.
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Seating and Safety Restraints
Front outboard safety belt energy management retractors
The front safety belt energy management retractors allow webbing to be pulled out of the retractor in a gradual and controlled manner in response to the occupant’s forward momentum. This helps reduce the risk of force-related injuries to the occupant’s chest by limiting the load on the occupant. Refer to the Energy management feature section in this chapter.
Determining if the Personal Safety Systemis operational
The Personal Safety Systemuses a warning light in the instrument cluster or a back-up tone to indicate the condition of the system. Refer to the Warning light section in the Instrument Cluster chapter. Routine maintenance of the Personal Safety Systemis not required.
The Restraints Control Module (RCM) monitors its own internal circuits and the circuits for the airbag supplemental restraints, crash sensor(s), safety belt pretensioners, front safety belt buckle sensors, front passenger sensing system, and the driver seat position sensor. In addition, the RCM also monitors the restraints warning light in the instrument cluster. A difficulty with the system is indicated by one or more of the following.
The warning light will either flash or stay lit.
The warning light will not illuminate immediately after ignition is
turned on.
A series of five beeps will be heard. The tone pattern will repeat periodically until the problem and warning light are repaired.
If any of these things happen, even intermittently, have the Personal Safety Systemserviced at an authorized dealer immediately. Unless serviced, the system may not function properly in the event of a collision.

Safety restraints precautions

WARNING: Always drive and ride with your seatback upright and the lap belt snug and low across the hips.
WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury, make sure children sit in a rear seating position where they can be properly restrained.
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Seating and Safety Restraints
WARNING: Never let a passenger hold a child on his or her lap while the vehicle is moving. The passenger cannot protect the
child from injury in a collision.
WARNING: All occupants of the vehicle, including the driver, should always properly wear their safety belts, even when an
airbag supplemental restraint system (SRS) is provided.
WARNING: It is extremely dangerous to ride in a cargo area,
inside or outside of a vehicle. In a collision, people riding in these areas are more likely to be seriously injured or killed. Do not allow people to ride in any area of your vehicle that is not equipped with seats and safety belts. Be sure everyone in your vehicle is in a seat and using a safety belt properly.
WARNING: In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is
significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a safety belt.
WARNING: Each seating position in your vehicle has a specific
safety belt assembly which is made up of one buckle and one tongue that are designed to be used as a pair. 1) Use the shoulder belt on the outside shoulder only. Never wear the shoulder belt under the arm. 2) Never swing the safety belt around your neck over the inside shoulder. 3) Never use a single belt for more than one person.
WARNING: When possible, all children 12 years old and under
should be properly restrained in a rear seating position.
WARNING: Safety belts and seats can become hot in a vehicle
that has been closed up in sunny weather; they could burn a small child. Check seat covers and buckles before you place a child anywhere near them.
WARNING: Front and rear seat occupants, including pregnant
women, should wear safety belts for optimum protection in an accident.
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Seating and Safety Restraints

Combination lap and shoulder belts

1. Insert the belt tongue into the proper buckle (the buckle closest to the direction the tongue is coming from) until you hear a snap and feel it latch. Make sure the tongue is securely fastened in the buckle.
Front and rear seats
2. To unfasten, push the release button and remove the tongue from the buckle.
Front and rear seats
All safety restraints in the vehicle are combination lap and shoulder belts. All of the passenger combination lap and shoulder belts have three types of locking modes described below:

Vehicle sensitive mode

This is the normal retractor mode, which allows free shoulder belt length adjustment to your movements and locking in response to vehicle movement. For example, if the driver brakes suddenly or turns a corner sharply, or the vehicle receives an impact of approximately 5 mph (8 km/h) or more, the combination safety belts will lock to help reduce forward movement of the driver and passengers.
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Seating and Safety Restraints

Automatic locking mode

When to use the automatic locking mode
In this mode, the shoulder belt is automatically pre-locked. The belt will still retract to remove any slack in the shoulder belt. The automatic locking mode is not available on the driver safety belt.
This mode should be used any time a child safety seat, except a booster, is installed in passenger front or rear seating position (if equipped). Children 12 years old and under should be properly restrained in the rear seat whenever possible. Refer to Safety restraints for children or Safety seats for children later in this chapter.
How to use the automatic locking mode
Buckle the combination lap and shoulder belt.
Grasp the shoulder portion and pull downward until the entire belt is pulled out.
Allow the belt to retract. As the belt retracts, you will hear a clicking sound. This indicates the safety belt is now in the automatic locking mode.
How to disengage the automatic locking mode
Disconnect the combination lap/shoulder belt and allow it to retract completely to disengage the automatic locking mode and activate the vehicle sensitive (emergency) locking mode.
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Seating and Safety Restraints
WARNING: After any vehicle collision, the safety belt systems
at all seating positions (except the driver position, which does not have this feature) must be checked by an authorized dealer to verify that the automatic locking retractor feature for child seats is still functioning properly. In addition, all safety belts should be checked for proper function.
WARNING: BELT AND RETRACTOR ASSEMBLY MUST BE
REPLACED if the safety belt assembly “automatic locking retractor” feature or any other safety belt function is not operating properly when checked by an authorized dealer. Failure to replace the Belt and Retractor assembly could increase the risk of injury in collisions.

Safety belt pretensioner

Your vehicle is equipped with safety belt pretensioners at the driver and front outboard passenger seating positions.
The safety belt pretensioner tightens the safety belts firmly against the occupant’s body at the start of the crash.
WARNING: The driver and front passenger safety belt system
(including retractors, buckles and height adjusters) must be replaced if the vehicle is involved in a collision that results in deployment of front airbags, side airbags, and safety belt pretensioners.

Front safety belt height adjustment

The front seat and outboard positions are equipped with a height adjuster. Adjust the height of the shoulder belt so the belt rests across the middle of your shoulder.
To adjust the shoulder belt height, push the button and slide the height adjuster down. Release the button and pull down on the height adjuster to make sure it is locked in place.
To adjust the belt upward, slide the adjuster up. There is no need to push the button. Pull down on the height adjuster to make sure it is locked in place.
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Seating and Safety Restraints
WARNING: Position the safety belt height adjusters so that the
belt rests across the middle of your shoulder. Failure to adjust the safety belt properly could reduce the effectiveness of the safety belt and increase the risk of injury in a collision.

Safety belt warning light and indicator chime

The safety belt warning light illuminates in the instrument cluster and a chime sounds to remind the occupants to fasten their safety belts.

Conditions of operation

If... Then...
The driver’s safety belt is not buckled before the ignition switch is turned to the on position...
The driver’s safety belt is buckled while the indicator light is illuminated and the warning chime is sounding...
The driver’s safety belt is buckled before the ignition switch is turned to the on position...
The safety belt warning light illuminates 1-2 minutes and the warning chime sounds 4-8 seconds.
The safety belt warning light and warning chime turn off.
The safety belt warning light and indicator chime remain off.

Belt-Minder

The Belt-Minderfeature is a supplemental warning to the safety belt warning function. This feature provides additional reminders by intermittently sounding a chime and illuminating the safety belt warning light in the instrument cluster when the driver’s and front passenger’s safety belt is unbuckled.
The Belt-Minderfeature uses information from the front passenger sensing system to determine if a front seat passenger is present and therefore potentially in need of a warning. To avoid activating the Belt-Minderfeature for objects placed in the front passenger seat, warnings will only be given to large front seat occupants as determined by the front passenger sensing system.
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Both the driver’s and passenger’s safety belt usages are monitored and either may activate the Belt-Minderfeature. The warnings are the same for the driver and the front passenger. If the Belt-Minderwarnings have expired (warnings for approximately five minutes) for one occupant (driver or front passenger), the other occupant can still activate the Belt-Minderfeature.
If... Then...
The driver’s and front passenger’s safety belts are buckled before the ignition switch is turned to the on position or less than 1-2 minutes have elapsed since the ignition switch has been turned to on...
The driver’s or front passenger’s safety belt is not buckled when the vehicle has reached at least 6 mph (10 km/h) and 1-2 minutes have elapsed since the ignition switch has been turned to on...
The driver’s or front passenger’s safety belt becomes unbuckled while the vehicle is traveling at least 6 mph (10 km/h) and more than 1-2 minutes have elapsed since the ignition switch has been turned to on...
The Belt-Minderfeature will not activate.
The Belt-Minderfeature is activated
- the safety belt warning light illuminates and the warning chime sounds for six seconds every 16 seconds, repeating for approximately five minutes or until the safety belts are buckled.
The Belt-Minderfeature is activated
- the safety belt warning light illuminates and the warning chime sounds for six seconds every 16 seconds, repeating for approximately five minutes or until the safety belts are buckled.
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The following are reasons most often given for not wearing safety belts (All statistics based on U.S. data):
Reasons given... Consider...
“Crashes are rare events” 36700 crashes occur every day. The
more we drive, the more we are exposed to “rare” events, even for good drivers. 1in4ofuswillbe
seriously injured in a crash during our lifetime.
“I’m not going far” 3of4fatal crashes occur within 25
miles (40 km) of home.
“Belts are uncomfortable” We design our safety belts to enhance
comfort. If you are uncomfortable ­try different positions for the safety belt upper anchorage and seatback which should be as upright as possible; this can improve comfort.
“I was in a hurry” Prime time for an accident.
Belt-Minderreminds us to take a few seconds to buckle up.
“Safety belts don’t work” Safety belts, when used properly,
reduce risk of death to front seat occupants by 45% in cars, and by
60% in light trucks.
“Traffic is light” Nearly 1 of 2 deaths occur in
single-vehicle crashes, many when
no other vehicles are around.
“Belts wrinkle my clothes” Possibly, but a serious crash can do
much more than wrinkle your clothes, particularly if you are unbelted.
“The people I’m with don’t wear belts”
Set the example, teen deaths occur 4 times more often in vehicles with TWO or MORE people. Children and younger brothers/sisters imitate behavior they see.
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Reasons given... Consider...
“I have an airbag” Airbags offer greater protection when
used with safety belts. Frontal airbags are not designed to inflate in rear and side crashes or rollovers.
“I’d rather be thrown clear” Not a good idea. People who are
ejected are 40 times more likely to DIE. Safety belts help prevent
ejection, WE CAN’T “PICK OUR CRASH”.
WARNING: Do not sit on top of a buckled safety belt or insert a
latchplate into the buckle to avoid the Belt-Minderchime. To do so may adversely affect the performance of the vehicle’s air bag system.
Deactivating/activating the Belt-Minderfeature
Read Steps1-4thoroughly before proceeding with the deactivation/activation programming procedure.
The Belt-Minderfeature can be deactivated/activated by performing the following procedure:
Before following the procedure, make sure that:
The parking brake is set.
The gearshift is in P (Park).
The ignition is off.
The driver and front passenger safety belts are unbuckled.
WARNING: While the design allows you to deactivate your
Belt-Minder, this system is designed to improve your chances of being safely belted and surviving an accident. We recommend you leave the Belt-Mindersystem activated for yourself and others who may use the vehicle. To reduce the risk of injury, do not deactivate/activate the Belt-Minderfeature while driving the vehicle.
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1. Turn the ignition switch to the on position. DO NOT START THE ENGINE.
2. Wait until the safety belt warning light turns off (Approximately 1–2 minutes).
Step 3 must be completed within 50 seconds after the safety belt warning light turns off.
3. Buckle then unbuckle the driver’s safety belt nine times at a moderate
speed, ending in the unbuckled state.
This will disable the Belt-Minder威 feature if it is currently enabled or enable the Belt-Minderfeature if it is currently disabled. As confirmation, the safety belt warning light will flash three times.

AIRBAG SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM (SRS)

Important SRS precautions

The SRS is designed to work with the safety belt to help protect the driver and right front passenger from certain upper body injuries. Airbags DO NOT inflate slowly; thereisariskofinjuryfroma deploying airbag.
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WARNING: All occupants of the vehicle, including the driver, should always properly wear their safety belts, even when an air
bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) is provided.
WARNING: Always transport children 12 years old and under in
a rear seating position, and always properly use appropriate child restraints. Never place a rear-facing child seat in front of an active airbag. If you must transport a forward-facing child in the front seat, move the seat all the way back and use appropriate restraints.
WARNING: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA) recommends a minimum distance of at least 10 inches (25 cm) between an occupant’s chest and the driver airbag module.
WARNING: Never place your arm over the air bag module as a
deploying air bag can result in serious arm fractures or other injuries.
To properly position yourself away from the airbag:
Move your seat to the rear as far as you can while still reaching the pedals comfortably.
Recline the seat slightly one or two degrees from the upright position.
WARNING: Do not put anything on or over the air bag module.
Placing objects on or over the air bag inflation area may cause those objects to be propelled by the air bag into your face and torso causing serious injury.
WARNING: Do not attempt to service, repair, or modify the
airbag supplemental restraint systems or its fuses. Contact your authorized dealer as soon as possible.
WARNING: Modifying or adding equipment to the front end of
the vehicle (including frame, bumper, front end body structure and tow hooks) may affect the performance of the airbag system, increasing the risk of injury. Do not modify the front end of the vehicle.
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WARNING: Additional equipment may affect the performance of
the airbag sensors increasing the risk of injury. Please refer to the Body Builders Layout Book for instructions about the appropriate installation of additional equipment.

Children and airbags

Children must always be properly restrained. Accident statistics suggest that children are safer when properly restrained in the rear seating positions than in the front seating position. Failure to follow these instructions may increase the risk of injury in a collision.
WARNING: Airbags can kill
or injure a child in a child seat. NEVER place a rear-facing child seat in front of an active airbag. If you must use a forward-facing child seat in the front seat, move the seat all the way back.

How does the airbag supplemental restraint system work?

The airbag SRS is designed to activate when the vehicle sustains a longitudinal deceleration sufficient to cause the airbag sensors to close an electrical circuit that initiates airbag inflation. The fact that the airbags did not inflate in a collision does not mean that something is wrong with the system. Rather, it means the forces were not sufficient enough to cause activation. Airbags are designed to inflate in frontal and near-frontal collisions, not rollover, side-impact, or rear-impacts unless the collision causes sufficient longitudinal deceleration.
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The airbags inflate and deflate rapidly upon activation. After airbag deployment, it is normal to notice a smoke-like, powdery residue or smell the burnt propellant. This may consist of cornstarch, talcum powder or sodium compounds which may irritate the skin and eyes, but none of the residue is toxic.
While the SRS is designed to help reduce serious injuries, contact with a deploying airbag may also cause abrasions, swelling or temporary hearing loss. Because airbags must inflate rapidly and with considerable force, there is the risk of death or serious injuries such as fractures, facial and eye injuries or internal injuries, particularly to occupants who are not properly restrained or are otherwise out of position at the time of airbag deployment. It is extremely important that occupants be properly restrained as far away from the airbag module as possible while maintaining vehicle control.
The SRS consists of:
driver and passenger airbag modules (which include the inflators and airbags)
one or more impact and safing sensors
a readiness light and tone
a diagnostic module
and the electrical wiring which connects the components
The diagnostic module monitors its own internal circuits and the supplemental airbag electrical system wiring (including the impact sensors), the system wiring, the airbag system readiness light, the airbag back up power and the airbag ignitors.
WARNING: Several air bag system components get hot after inflation. Do not touch them after inflation.
WARNING: If the air bag has deployed, the air bag will not function again and must be replaced immediately. If the air
bag is not replaced, the unrepaired area will increase the risk of injury in a collision.
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Front passenger sensing system

The front passenger sensing system is designed to meet the regulatory requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 208 and is designed to disable (will not inflate) the front passenger’s frontal airbag under certain conditions.
The front passenger sensing system works with sensors that are part of the front passenger’s seat and safety belt. The sensors are designed to detect the presence of a properly seated occupant and determine if the front passenger’s frontal airbag should be enabled (may inflate) or disabled (will not inflate).
The front passenger sensing system will disable (will not inflate) the front passenger’s frontal airbag if:
the front passenger seat is unoccupied, or has small/medium objects in the front seat,
the system determines that an infant is present in a rear-facing infant seat that is installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions,
the system determines that a small child is present in a forward-facing child restraint that is installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions,
the system determines that a small child is present in a booster seat,
a front passenger takes his/her weight off of the seat for a period of
time,
a child or a small person occupies the front passenger seat.
The front passenger sensing system will turn off the passenger seat side airbag if:
the seat is empty.
a child or a small person occupies the front passenger seat and the
child or small person is unbuckled.
The front passenger sensing system uses a passenger airbag offor pass airbag offindicator which will illuminate and stay lit to remind you that the front passenger frontal airbag is disabled. The indicator lamp is located at the top of the instrument panel center stack area above the radio and next to the hazard warning indicator.
Note: The indicator lamp will illuminate for a short period of time when the ignition is turned to the on position to confirm it is functional.
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When the front passenger seat is not occupied (empty seat) or in the event that the front passenger frontal airbag is enabled (may inflate), the indicator lamp will be unlit.
The front passenger sensing system is designed to disable (will not inflate) the front passenger’s frontal airbag when a rear facing infant seat, a forward-facing child restraint, or a booster seat is detected.
When the front passenger sensing system disables (will not inflate) the front passenger frontal airbag, the indicator lamp will illuminate and stay lit to remind you that the front passenger frontal airbag is disabled.
If the child restraint has been installed and the indicator lamp is not lit, then turn the vehicle off, remove the child restraint from the vehicle and reinstall the restraint following the child restraint manufacturer’s instructions.
The front passenger sensing system is designed to enable (may inflate) the front passenger’s frontal airbag anytime the system senses that a person of adult size is sitting properly in the front passenger seat.
When the front passenger sensing system enables the front passenger frontal airbag (may inflate), the indicator will be unlit and stay unlit.
If a person of adult size is sitting in the front passenger’s seat, but the passenger airbag offor pass airbag offindicator lamp is lit, it is possible that the person isn’t sitting properly in the seat. If this happens:
Turn the vehicle off and ask the person to place the seatback in the full upright position.
Have the person sit upright in the seat, centered on the seat cushion, with the person’s legs comfortably extended.
Restart the vehicle and have the person remain in this position for about two minutes. This will allow the system to detect that person and enable the passenger’s frontal airbag.
If the indicator lamp remains lit even after this, the person should be advised to ride in the rear seat.
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Occupant
Empty seat Unlit Disabled Small child in child
safety seat or booster Small child with safety
belt buckled or unbuckled
Adult Unlit Enabled
WARNING: Even with Advanced Restraints Systems, children 12 and under should be properly restrained in a rear seating
position.
After all occupants have adjusted their seats and put on safety belts, it’s very important that they continue to sit properly. A properly seated occupant sits upright, leaning against the seat back, and centered on the seat cushion, with their feet comfortably extended on the floor. Sitting improperly can increase the chance of injury in a crash event. For example, if an occupant slouches, lies down, turns sideways, sits forward, leans forward or sideways, or puts one or both feet up, the chance of injury during a crash is greatly increased.
WARNING: Sitting improperly out of position or with the seat
back reclined too far can take off weight from the seat cushion and affect the decision of the front passenger sensing system, resulting in serious injury or death in a crash. Always sit upright against your seatback, with your feet on the floor.
Pass Airbag Off Indicator Lamp
Lit Disabled
Lit Disabled
Passenger Airbag
The front passenger sensing system may detect small or medium objects placed on the seat cushion. For most objects that are in the front passenger seat, the passenger airbag will be disabled. Even though the passenger airbag is disabled, the pass airbag offlamp may or may not be illuminated according to the table below.
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Objects
Small (i.e. three-ring binder, small purse, bottled water)
Medium (i.e. heavy briefcase, fully packed luggage)
Empty seat, or small to medium object with safety belt buckled
If you think that the status of the passenger airbag off indicator lamp is incorrect, check for the following:
Objects lodged underneath the seat
Objects between the seat cushion and the center console (if
equipped)
Objects hanging off the seat back
Objects stowed in the seatback map pocket (if equipped)
Objects placed on the occupant’s lap
Cargo interference with the seat
Other passengers pushing or pulling on the seat
Rear passenger feet and knees resting or pushing on the seat
The conditions listed above may cause the weight of a properly seated occupant to be incorrectly interpreted by the passenger sensing system. The person in the front passenger seat may appear heavier or lighter due to the conditions described in the list above.
Pass Airbag Off Indicator Lamp
Unlit Disabled
Lit Disabled
Lit Disabled
Passenger Airbag
WARNING: To reduce the risk of possible serious injury:
Do not stow objects in seat back map pocket (if equipped) or hang objects off seat back if a child is in the front passenger seat. Do not place objects underneath the front passenger seat or between the seat and the center console (if equipped). Check the “passenger airbag off” or “pass airbag off” indicator lamp for proper airbag Status. Failure to follow these instructions may interfere with the passenger seat sensing system.
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In case there is a problem with the front passenger sensing system, the airbag readiness lamp in the instrument cluster will stay lit.
If the airbag readiness lamp is lit, do the following:
The driver and/or adult passengers should check for any objects that may be lodged underneath the front passenger seat or cargo interfering with the seat.
If objects are lodged and/or cargo is interfering with the seat; please take the following steps to remove the obstruction:
Pull the vehicle over.
Turn the vehicle off.
Driver and/or adult passengers should check for any objects lodged
underneath the front passenger seat or cargo interfering with the seat.
Remove the obstruction(s) (if found).
Restart the vehicle.
Wait at least two minutes and verify that the airbag readiness lamp is
no longer illuminated
If the airbag readiness lamp remains illuminated, this may or may/not be a problem due to the front passenger sensing system.
DO NOT attempt to repair or service the system; take your vehicle immediately to an authorized dealer.
If it is necessary to modify an advanced front airbag system to accommodate a person with disabilities, contact the Ford Customer Relationship Center at the phone number shown in the Customer Assistance section of this Owner’s Guide.
WARNING: Any alteration/modification to the front passenger seat may affect the performance of the front passenger sensing
system.

Determining if the system is operational

The SRS uses a readiness light in the instrument cluster or a tone to indicate the condition of the system. Refer to Airbag readiness section in the Instrument Cluster chapter. Routine maintenance of the airbag is not required.
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