Fluke 87 Series IV, 89 Series IV, 87, 89 User Manual

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Page 1

Model 87 & 89 Series IV

True RMS Multimeter

Users Manual

March 1999 Rev.2, 3/00

Page 2

LIFETIME L IMITED WARRANTY

Each Fluke 20, 70, and 80 Series DMM purchas ed af ter October 1, 1996 will be free from defects in material and workmanship for its lifetime. This warranty does not cover fuses, dispos abl e batteries and damage from neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, acc ident or abnormal conditions of operati on or handl i ng, including overvoltage fai l ures caused by use outside t he DM M s specified rating, or norma l wear and tear of mechanical components. This warranty cov ers the original purchaser only and is not transferable.

For ten years from the date of purchase, this warranty also covers the LCD. Thereafter, for the lifetime of the DM M , Fluke will replace the LCD for a fee based on then current component acquisition cost s.

To establish original ownership and prove date of purchase, please c om pl ete and return the registration card ac companying the product. Fluke will, at its option, repair at no c harge, replace, or refund the purchase price of a def ective product purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet and at t he appl i cable international price. Fluke reserves the right to c harge for importation costs of repai r / repl acement parts if product purchased in one count ry is sent for repair elsewhere.

If product is defective, contact y our nearest Fluke authorized servi c e center to obtain return authorization information, then send the product to that service center, with a description of t he di fficulty, postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destinati on). Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Fluke will pay return transportation for product repaired or replaced in-warranty. Before making any non-warranty repair, Fluke will estimate cost and obtain authorization, then invoice you for repair and return t rans portation.

THIS WARRANTY IS YOUR ONLY REMEDY. NO OTHER WARRANTIES, SUCH AS FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY. AUTHORIZED RESELLERS ARE

NOT AUTHORIZED TO EXTEND ANY DIFFERENT WARRANTY ON FLUKE’S BEHALF. Since some states do not allow the excl usion or limitation of an implied warranty or of incidental or consequential damages, this limitation of liability may not apply to you. If any provi sion of this warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.

Fluke Corporation Fluke Europe B.V. P.O. Box 9090 P.O. Box 1186 Everett, WA 98206-9090 5602 BD Eindhoven U.S.A. The Netherlands

11/99

Page 3

Table of Contents

Chapter Title Page

1 Before You Start.......................................................................................................... 1-1

Safety Information......................................................................................................... 1-1

Contacting Fluke ........................................................................................................... 1-1

Symbols.........................................................................................................................1-4

2 Getting Acquainted..................................................................................................... 2-1

Introduction....................................................................................................................2-1

Turning the Meter On.................................................................................................... 2-1

Battery Considerations.................................................................................................. 2-2

Automatic Power Off................................................................................................. 2-2

Automatic Backlight Off............................................................................................ 2-3

Low Battery Indication.............................................................................................. 2-3

Rotary Switch................................................................................................................ 2-4

Pushbuttons .................................................................................................................. 2-5

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

3 Making Measurements ................................................................................................ 3-1

Selecting the Range ...................................................................................................... 2-10

Understanding the Display............................................................................................. 2-10

Primary Display......................................................................................................... 2-10

Secondary Display.................................................................................................... 2-11

Bar Graph.................................................................................................................. 2-11

Using the Input Terminals.............................................................................................. 2-17

Using Display Hold......................................................................................................... 2-18

Using AutoHOLD ........................................................................................................... 2-18

Using MIN MAX ............................................................................................................. 2-19

Using FAST MN MX....................................................................................................... 2-20

Using HOLD with MIN MAX or FAST MN MX........................................................... 2-21

Using Relative Mode (REL) ........................................................................................... 2-21

Introduction................................................................................................................... .3-1

Measuring Voltage......................................................................................................... 3-1

Measuring AC Voltage.............................................................................................. 3-2

dB Measurements in AC Volts Functions.................................................................. 3-3

Measuring DC Voltage.............................................................................................. 3-4

Both AC and DC Voltage Measurements.................................................................. 3-4

Measuring Resistance ................................................................................................... 3-6

Testing for Continuity..................................................................................................... 3-8

Using Conductance for High Resistance Tests.............................................................. 3-9

Measuring Capacitance................................................................................................. 3-12

Testing Diodes............................................................................................................... 3-13

Measuring Temperature................................................................................................. 3-15

Measuring Current......................................................................................................... 3-16

Input Alert™ Feature................................................................................................. 3-17

Page 5

Contents

Measuring AC Current.............................................................................................. 3-18

Measuring DC Current.............................................................................................. 3-20

Measuring Frequency.................................................................................................... 3-22

Measuring Duty Cycle................................................................................................... 3-23

Measuring Pulse Width ................................................................................................. 3-25

4 Using Memory & Communications Features (Model 89)......................................... 4-1

Introduction....................................................................................................................4-1

Types of Memory........................................................................................................... 4-1

Saved Readings Memory......................................................................................... 4-1

Logged Readings Memory........................................................................................ 4-1

Storing Saved Readings................................................................................................ 4-2

Starting Logging............................................................................................................ 4-2

Stopping Logging .......................................................................................................... 4-2

Viewing Memory Data................................................................................................... 4-3

Clearing Memory........................................................................................................... 4-5

Using Communications.................................................................................................. 4-5

5 Changing the Default Settings................................................................................... 5-1

Introduction....................................................................................................................5-1

Selecting Setup Options................................................................................................ 5-1

Adjusting the Temperature Offset ................................................................................. 5-4

Selecting Display Resolution (3 1/2 or 4 1/2 Digits)..................................................... 5-6

Setting the Power Off Timeout...................................................................................... 5-6

Setting the 24-Hour Clock............................................................................................. 5-7

Setting the Line (Main) Frequency................................................................................ 5-7

Returning to Factory Defaults........................................................................................ 5-8

Saving Setup Options.................................................................................................... 5-8

(continued)

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

6 Maintenance................................................................................................................. 6-1

7 Specifications .............................................................................................................. 7-1

Introduction................................................................................................................... .6-1

General Maintenance..................................................................................................... 6-1

Testing the Fuses.......................................................................................................... 6-1

Replacing the Batteries.................................................................................................. 6-3

Replacing the Fuses...................................................................................................... 6-5

User-Replaceable Parts................................................................................................. 6-5

In Case of Difficulty........................................................................................................ 6-5

Safety and Compliances................................................................................................ 7-1

Physical Specifications.................................................................................................. 7-2

Feature Summary.......................................................................................................... 7-3

Basic Specifications....................................................................................................... 7-4

Detailed Accuracy Specifications................................................................................... 7-5

Frequency Counter Sensitivity....................................................................................... 7-11

Burden Voltage (A, mA, µA)........................................................................................... 7-11

Input Characteristics...................................................................................................... 7-12

Page 7

List of Tables

Table Title Page

1-1.Safety Information................................................................................................................1-2

1-2.International Electrical Symbols...........................................................................................1-4

2-1.Rotary Switch Selections......................................................................................................2-6

2-2.Pushbuttons..........................................................................................................................2-8

2-3.Display Features...................................................................................................................2-13

3-1. Current Measurement...........................................................................................................3-16

4-1.View Display.........................................................................................................................4-4

5-1.Function Specific Setup Selections......................................................................................5-2

5-2.Common Setup Selections...................................................................................................5-3

6-1.User-Replaceable Parts.......................................................................................................6-6

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Page 9

List of Figures

Figure Title Page

2-1. AC Volts Display................................................................................................................... 2-2

2-2. Rotary Switch ....................................................................................................................... 2-4

2-3. Pushbuttons.......................................................................................................................... 2-5

2-4. Display Features................................................................................................................... 2-12

2-5. Input Terminals..................................................................................................................... 2-17

2-6. Display Hold and AutoHOLD................................................................................................ 2-18

2-7. Min Max Avg......................................................................................................................... 2-20

2-8. Relative Mode....................................................................................................................... 2-21

3-1. AC Voltage Measurement .................................................................................................... 3-2

3-2. dBm Display ......................................................................................................................... 3-3

3-3. AC and DC Display............................................................................................................... 3-5

3-4. DC Voltage Measurement.................................................................................................... 3-6

3-5. Resistance Measurement..................................................................................................... 3-7

3-6. Continuity Test...................................................................................................................... 3-10

3-7. Conductance Measurement ................................................................................................. 3-11

3-8. Capacitance Measurement................................................................................................... 3-13

3-9. Diode Test............................................................................................................................ 3-14

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Users Manual

3-10. Temperature Measurement................................................................................................... 3-15

3-11. AC Current Measurement..................................................................................................... 3-19

3-12. DC Current Measurement..................................................................................................... 3-21

3-13. Functions Allowing Frequency Measurement....................................................................... 3-22

3-14. Hz Display............................................................................................................................. 3-23

3-15. Duty Cycle Measurements.................................................................................................... 3-24

3-16. Duty Cycle Display................................................................................................................ 3-25

3-17. Pulse Width Measurements.................................................................................................. 3-26

3-18. Pulse Width Display.............................................................................................................. 3-27

4-1. View Display ......................................................................................................................... 4-4

5-1. Adjusting Temperature Offset............................................................................................... 5-5

6-1. Testing the Current Fuses..................................................................................................... 6-2

6-2. Battery and Fuse Replacement............................................................................................. 6-4

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Page 11

Chapter 1

Before You Start

Safety Information

The Fluke Model 87 and Model 89 Series IV True RMS

Multimeters (hereafter referred to as the “meter”) comply with:

• EN61010.1:1993

• ANSI/ISA S82.01-1994

• CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1-92

• 1000V Overvoltage Category III, Pollution Degree 2

• UL 3111-1

Use the meter only as specified in this manual. Otherwise, the protection provided by the meter may be impaired. Refer to safety information in Table 1-1.

A Warning identifies conditions and actions that pose hazards to the user. A Caution identifies conditions and actions that may damage the meter or the equipment under test.

Contacting Fluke

To order accessories, receive assistance, or locate the nearest Fluke distributor or Service Center, call:

USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853) Canada: 1-800-36-FLUKE (1-800-363-5853) Europe: +31 402-678-200 Japan: +81-3-3434-0181 Singapore: +65-738-5655 Anywhere in the world: +1-425-446-5500

Address correspondence to:

Fluke Corporation Fluke Europe B.V. P.O. Box 9090, P.O. Box 1186, Everett, WA 98206-9090 5602 BD Eindhoven USA The Netherlands

Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.fluke.com

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Table 1-1. Safety Information

WWarning

To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury, follow these guidelines:

• Do not use the meter if it is damaged. Before you use the meter, inspect the case. Look for cracks or

missing plastic. Pay particular attention to the insulation surrounding the connectors.

• Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation or exposed metal. Check the test leads for continuity.

Replace damaged test leads before you use the meter.

• Do not use the meter if it operates abnormally. Protection may be impaired. When in doubt, have the

meter serviced.

• Do not operate the meter around explosive gas, vapor, or dust.

• Do not apply more than the rated voltage, as marked on the meter, between terminals or between any

terminal and earth ground.

• Before use, verify the meter’s operation by measuring a known voltage.

• When measuring current, turn off circuit power before connecting the meter in the circuit. Remember

to place the meter in series with the circuit.

• When servicing the meter, use only specified replacement parts.

• Use caution when working above 30 V ac rms, 42 V peak, or 60 V dc. Such voltages pose a shock

hazard.

• Avoid working alone.

1-2

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Before You Start

Safety Information

Table 1-1. Safety Information (cont.)

WWarning

• When using the probes, keep your fingers behind the finger guards on the probes.

• Connect the common test lead before you connect the live test lead. When you disconnect test leads,

disconnect the live test lead first.

• Remove test leads from the meter before you open the battery door.

• Do not operate the meter with the battery door or portions of the cover removed or loosened.

• To avoid false readings, which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the

batteries as soon as the low battery indicator (M) appears.

• Use only type AA batteries, properly installed in the meter case, to power the meter.

• To avoid the potential for fire or electrical shock, do not connect the thermocouples to electrically live

circuits.

Caution

To avoid possible damage to the meter or to the equipment under test, follow these guidelines:

• Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing resistance,

continuity, diodes, or capacitance.

• Use the proper terminals, function, and range for your measurements.

• Before measuring current, check the meter’s fuses and turn power OFF to the circuit before

connecting the meter to the circuit.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Symbols

Symbols used on the meter and in this manual are explained in Table 1-2.

Table 1-2. International Electrical Symbols

AC (Alternating Current) Earth ground

DC (Direct Current) Fuse

AC and DC Double insulated

Battery Important information

1-4

Complies with relevant Canadian Standards Association directives

Inspected and licensed by TÜV Product

Services.

Complies with European Union directives

Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

Page 15

Chapter 2

Getting Acquainted

Introduction

Although this manual describes the operation of both Models 87 and 89, all illustrations and examples assume use of Model 89. Additional capabilities with Model 89 are discussed in Chapter 4. These capabilities include the following:

• Model 89 provides memory functions and one additional position (VIEW MEM) on the rotary switch.

• Model 89 provides for communication with a PC via an infrared (IR) port.

Turning the Meter On

To turn the meter on, turn the rotary switch from OFF to any switch setting.

The ac volts function (shown in Figure 2-1) is assumed in the following discussion. You do not need connections to the input terminals at this time.

If you want a view of the full display (all segments illuminated), press and hold Q while turning the meter on. Release the button when you are done viewing the full display.

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Users Manual

tc031f.eps

Figure 2-1. AC Volts Display

Battery Considerations

The meter uses four AA alkaline batteries. The following paragraphs describe several techniques used to conserve battery power.

Automatic Power Off

The display blanks and the meter goes into a “sleep” mode if you have not changed the rotary switch position or pressed a button for a set period. While in Sleep mode, pressing any button turns the meter on. The meter then returns to the display for the function selected with the rotary switch; all previously activated button features (HOLD, Hz, etc.) are discarded.

The automatic power off is preset to 15 minutes. From the setupmenu, you can specify a maximum period of 23 hours, 59 minutes. If you set the period to 0, the meter remains on until you turn the rotary switch to OFF or the batteries become too weak.

Automatic power off does not occur if the meter is in MIN MAX, FAST MN MX, AutoHOLD, or LOGGING (Model 89) mode.

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Getting Acquainted

Battery Considerations

Automatic Backlight Off

Press T to select the backlight level (low, high, or off.) In low or high, the backlight turns off automatically after a given period. This period is also preset to 15 minutes and can be set to a maximum of 99 minutes from the setup menu. If the period is set to 0, the backlight is on indefinitely and can only be turned off by pressing T or turning the meter off.

Note

See Chapter 5 for power off and backlight off setup information.

Low Battery Indication

A constant battery icon ( B) in the upper left corner of the display notifies you that the batteries are low and should be replaced.

WWarning

To avoid false readings, which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the batteries as soon as the battery icon ( B) appears.

A flashing battery icon means that battery failure is imminent. The backlight cannot be used in this condition. MIN MAX and FAST MN MX features turn off. For Model 89, logging and communications also cease.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Rotary Switch

Turn the meter on by selecting any measurement function (identified with white letters around the rotary switch). The meter presents a standard display for that function (range, measurement units, modifiers, etc.) The display may also be influenced by some of the choices made in Setup.

Use the blue button to select any rotary switch alternate function (labeled in blue letters). You can also use other buttons to choose modifiers for the selected function.

When you turn the rotary switch from one function to another, a display for the new function appears. Button choices made in one function do not carry over into another function.

With Model 89, a VIEW MEM switch position is available; refer to Chapter 4 for more information.

The rotary switch is shown in Figure 2-2. Each position is described in Table 2-1.

ac+dc

OFF

VIEW MEM

CLEAR MEM

Figure 2-2. Rotary Switch

ac+dc

tc012f.eps

2-4

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Pushbuttons

Getting Acquainted

Pushbuttons

The buttons activate features that augment the function selected with the rotary switch. The buttons are shown in Figure 2-3 and described in Table 2-2.

Use the blue button ( %) to access functions labeled in blue for some of the rotary switch positions. Table 2-1 defines all blue button functions.

Use the yellow button ( O) followed by other buttons to access additional features. These features appear in yellow above the appropriate keys. Table 2-2 defines yellow button features. This manual identifies the yellow button feature in parentheses following the button sequence . For example, activating the FAST MN MX mode appears as O M (FAST MN MX).

AutoHOLD

SETUP

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

LOGGING

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

YES

tc013f.eps

Figure 2-3. Pushbuttons

The following yellow button features are not available on

(

Model 87:

YES), (NO), (LOGGING), and (SAVE).

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Table 2-1. Rotary Switch Selections

Position Rotary Switch Function % Blue Key Function

AC voltage measurement from 0 V to 1000.0 V dB over AC, AC over dB

AC millivolt measurement from 0 mV to 1500.0 mV dB over AC, AC over dB

DC voltage measurement from 0 V to 1000.0 V AC over DC (AC in primary display, DC in secondary

DC millivolt measurement from 0 mV to 3000.0 mV AC over DC (AC in primary display, DC in secondary

Resistance measurement from 0 Ω to 30.000 MΩ Continuity test

Capacitance measurement from 0.001 nF to 50 mF Diode test

display), DC over AC, ac+dc

Conductance measurement from 0 nS to 50.00 nS

Temperature measurement Toggles between °C and °F.

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Page 21

Getting Acquainted

Table 2-1. Rotary Switch Positions (cont.)

Position Rotary Switch Function % Blue Key Function

AC current measurements from 0 mA to 20.000 A none

AC current measurements from 0 µA to 5000.0 µA none

DC current measurements from 0 mA to 20.000 A AC over DC (AC in primary display, DC in secondary

DC current measurements from 0 µA to 5000.0 µA AC over DC (AC in primary display, DC in secondary

display), DC over AC, ac+dc

Pushbuttons

VIEW MEM

(Model 89 only.) Access data held in the meter’s memory. See Chapter 4 for more information.

CLEAR MEM. See Chapter 4 for more information.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Table 2-2. Pushbuttons

Yellow Button

Button Description

Function Description

Note

Press

to access “Yellow Button Functions.” The

box and the 24-hour clock appear in the lower corners

of the display and the primary display freezes, allowing time to press a second button.

Press to turn backlight on or off. Also, in Setup, use the arrow function (l) to select the previous digit or item in a list.

Q Press to freeze the displayed value. Press again to

release the display.

M Press to start retaining min, max, and average values.

Press successively to display max, min, and average values. Press O N (CANCEL) to stop.

D Press to store the present reading as an offset

reference; subsequent readings show only the relative difference from this value. Press again to show the difference as a percentage of the reference.

2-8

SETUP

O T

AutoHOLD O Q

FAST MN MX

O M

LOGGING

O D

Press to access Setup sele ctions. Press to store a Setup selection and proceed to the next selection.

Press to begin AutoHOLD; the last stable reading is displayed.

Press to start FAST MN MX mode, where min and max values for short duration events are stored.

Press to start Logging (Model 89). Press O + N (CANCEL) to stop.

Page 23

Button Description

Table 2-2. Pushbuttons (cont.)

Yellow Button

Function Description

Getting Acquainted

Pushbuttons

[

]

R Exit AUTO and enter MANUAL ranging. In MANUAL,

N Successively press for frequency, duty cycle, and

• In Setup, increment a digit .

• In counter functions, select positive pulse slope.

• In ohms continuity, select beep on open.

• In VIEW MEM, see Chapter 4.

• In Setup, decrement a digit .

• In counter functions, select negative pulse slope.

• In ohms continuity, select beep on short.

• In VIEW MEM, see Chapter 4.

select next input range. Press O N (CANCEL) to return to AUTO.

pulse width. The blue button. Press to access blue functions on

the rotary switch. In Setup, use arrow function ( s) to select the next digit or item in a list.

(none)

SAVE

O R

CANCEL

O N

(none)

Press to save present reading (Model 89)

CANCEL any % (blue key) function and all other button features.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Selecting the Range

Press R to select either a fixed range or the autorange feature.

Note

You cannot use test, and temperature functions or with the REL, MIN MAX, and FAST MN MX features. These selections all use a specific fixed range.

Autoranging (AUTO lighted in the display) always comes on initially when you select a new function. In autorange, the meter selects the lowest input range possible, ensuring that the reading appears with the highest available precision (resolution).

If AUTO is already on, press R to enter MANUAL ranging in the present range. You can then select the next manual range each time you press R. Return to autoranging by pressing O N (CANCEL).

in conductance, diode

Understanding the Display

Display features are shown in Figure 2-4 and described in Table 2-3. Major display features are described in the following paragraphs.

Note

You can show all display segments (as shown in

Figure 2-4) by pressing meter on. Release display.

Primary Display

The primary display usually shows the present reading for the rotary switch function. For most of these functions, the primary display can be set to show 4 or 5 digits. See Chapter 5 for more information about display digits.

Other uses for this display are:

• AUTOHold: most recent held reading.

• MIN MAX: maximum, minimum, or average value.

while turning the

to turn off the full

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Page 25

Getting Acquainted

Understanding the Display

• dB (in ac volts functions): the dBm or dBV value.

• REL: the difference between the present reading and

a stored reference reading.

• Setup: various messages (see Chapter 5).

• Overload conditions: OL displayed.

• Error conditions.

Secondary Display

The secondary display often shows the present reading when the primary display shows some other feature (MIN MAX, REL ∆, etc.)

When multiple features are active, the secondary display shows one of the values. For example, Hz could appear in the secondary display while dB appears in the primary display.

Bar Graph

The bar graph provides an analog indication of the measured input. For most measurement functions, the bar graph updates 40 times per second. Since this response is much faster than the digital display, the bar graph is useful for making peak and null adjustments and for observing rapidly changing inputs. The bar graph is not available in temperature, ac over dc, dc over ac, and ac+dc functions.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

117

16 1517

tc011f.eps

Figure 2-4. Display Features

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Getting Acquainted

Understanding the Display

Table 2-3. Display Features

Number Feature Description

A ~ Continuity test function is selected. B

Bar Graph. In normal operation 0 (zero) is on the left. In Relative %, 0 is in the center, negative values are to the left and positive to the right. The polarity indicator left of the bar graph shows the polarity of the input. Both polarity indicators appear in REL% mode. The arrow right of the bar graph indicates an overload condition.

Both arrows appear (without bar graph) when you can use T (l) and % (s) to select settings in the setup mode.

C p Percent difference in Relative mode is being displayed in the primary display. The

reference value is shown in the secondary display

D e Relative (REL ∆) mode is active. The primary display has been modified by the

reference value shown in the secondary display.

Indicates negative readings. In Relative mode, this sign indicates that the present input is less than the stored reference.

F Z >30 V ac and/or dc is present at the input terminals. G B Low battery. If flashing, battery failure is imminent, and logging and backlight are

disabled.

WWarning

To avoid false readings, which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the battery as soon as the low battery indicator appears.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Table 2-3. Display Features (cont.)

Number Feature Description

FAST MIN MAX AVG

FAST MN MX mode is enabled. ( O M) Minimum reading displayed. Maximum reading displayed. Average reading displayed.

I ; Readings are being recorded in memory (Model 89 only.) ( O + D) J g The meter is in Hold mode. ( Q) K gS AutoHold is active. ( O + Q) L

8.8.8.8.8 0L

Primary Display (4-1/2 digit)

Overload input.

M Measurement Units

V, mV V: Volts. The unit of voltage.

mV: Millivolt. 1 x 10

-3

or 0.001 volts.

dBm, dBV For ac volts functions, reading is shown in decibels of power above or below 1 mW

(dBm) or decibels of voltage above or below 1 V (dBV).

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Getting Acquainted

Understanding the Display

Table 2-3. Display Features (cont.)

Number Feature Description

M AC+DC For dc volts and dc amps functions, reading represents the rms total of ac and dc

measurements.

e, ke Me, Ω: Ohm. The unit of resistance.

kΩ: Kilohm. 1 x 10 MΩ: Megohm. 1 x 10

or 1000 ohms.

or 1,000,000 ohms.

nS S: Siemens. The unit of conductance.

nS: Nanosiemens. 1 x 10

-9

or 0.000000001 Siemens.

nF, µF F: Farad. The unit of capacitance.

nF: Nanofarad. 1 x 10 µF: Microfarad. 1 x 10

-9

or 0.000000001 farads

-6

or 0.000001 farads.

°C ,°F Degrees Celsius (default) or Fahrenheit A, mA, µA A: Amperes (amps). The unit of current.

mA: Milliamp. 1 x 10 µA: Microamp. 1 x 10

-3

or 0.001 amperes.

-6

or 0.000001 amperes.

Hz, kHz, MHz Hz: Hertz. The unit of frequency.

kHz: Kilohertz. 1 x 10 MHz: Megahertz. 1 x 10

or 1000 hertz.

or 1,000,000 hertz.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Table 2-3. Display Features (cont.)

Number Feature Description

51000 AUTO

MANUAL

fMS88:88

HM88:88

8.8.8.8

Q MEM

q18888

Range. Digits display range in use.

Time Display. Used with HOLD, AutoHOLD, MIN MAX, FAST MN MX, SAVE, and LOGGING (Model 89).

Elapsed Time Display (f on): shown in minutes:seconds to maximum of 59:59 - used if time since Min, Max, or Logging started is less than 60 minutes. Always used for Min, Max, Avg. Displays hours:minutes after 1 hour.

24-hour Display (f off): shown in hours:minutes to maximum of 23:59. For setting the 24-hour clock, refer to Chapter 5.

Secondary Display Memory Index Display (Model 89). Also used for dBm reference resistance.

q appears when you can use [ and ] to increment or decrement

settings.

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Page 31

Using the Input Terminals

All functions except current use the *and COM inputs. Current functions use the inputs shown below:

I or K function: Use A and COM inputs from 50

• mA to 20 A. Use mA/µA and COM for inputs ≤ 50 mA.

• = or x function: Use mA/µA and COM for inputs ≤

5000.0 µA.

If a test lead is plugged into the mA/µA or A terminal, but the rotary switch is not correctly set to one of the current measuring positions, the Input Alert™ beeper warns you

by making a chirping sound. This warning is intended to stop you from attempting to measure voltage, continuity, resistance, capacitance, or diode values when the leads are plugged into a current terminal.

Figure 2-5 shows the input terminals.

Getting Acquainted

Using the Input Terminals

FUSED

400mA FUSED

COM

10A MAX

Figure 2-5. Input Terminals

TEMPERATURE

CAT

1000V

tc014f.eps

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Using Display Hold

Press Q to enter the Display Hold mode and freeze the present reading and its time stamp. New readings now appear in the secondary display. See Figure 2-6. To exit Display Hold mode, press Q again.

In the MIN MAX mode, Display Hold functions like a toggle, interrupting and resuming the MIN MAX operations.

With Model 89, you cannot use Display Hold while logging data. Model 89 allows you to save the frozen reading to memory by pressing O R (SAVE).

AutoHOLD

tc040f.eps

Figure 2-6. Display Hold and AutoHOLD

Using AutoHOLD

WWarning

AutoHOLD mode does not capture unstable or noisy readings. Do not use AutoHOLD mode to determine that circuits are without power.

To enter AutoHOLD, press OQ(AutoHOLD). AutoHOLD mode freezes the present reading and its time stamp. New readings now appear in the secondary display. See Figure 2-6. When the meter detects a new, stable reading (>4% change from last stable reading), it beeps and displays the new reading in the primary display. You can also force a primary display update by pressing Q.

If you remove the test leads (open the input), the meter retains the last frozen primary display.

You cannot use AutoHOLD when MIN MAX is active. With Model 89, you cannot initiate AutoHOLD while logging data, but you can initiate logging when AutoHOLD is active.

To exit AutoHOLD mode, press O Q (AutoHOLD) again.

2-18

Page 33

Getting Acquainted

Using MIN MAX

The MIN MAX mode stores minimum (MIN) and maximum (MAX) input values. When the input goes below the stored minimum value or above the stored maximum value, the meter beeps and stores the new value. MIN MAX mode also calculates an average (AVG) of all readings taken since the mode was activated.

Press M to enter the MIN MAX mode. The maximum (MAX) reading is displayed first.

Each subsequent press of M steps through the minimum (MIN), average (AVG), and back to the maximum reading.

In the MIN MAX mode, the secondary display continues to show the present measurement value.

The time elapsed since the MIN MAX mode was entered is shown in the bottom right corner of each type of display. See Figure 2-7.

To exit MIN MAX mode, press O N (CANCEL) or turn the rotary switch to a different position. Also, MIN MAX mode turns off automatically when a flashing B (low battery condition) occurs.

Note

Minimum, maximum, and average values stored in the MIN MAX mode are lost when the meter is turned off.

The MIN MAX mode can be used to capture intermittent readings, store maximum readings while you are away, or store readings while you are operating the equipment under test and cannot watch the meter. The average reading is useful for smoothing out unstable inputs, calculating power consumption, or estimating the percent of time a circuit is active.

The MIN MAX mode is appropriate for storing signal events that last 50 ms or longer in most measurement functions. Signal events must be 500 ms or longer in the following functions: continuity, conductance, capacitance, temperatu re, Hz, duty cycle , and pulse width.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Using FAST MN MX

FAST MN MX can capture transient signal events as short as 250 µs, but with decreased accuracy; only 3-1/2 display

digits are allowed. Activate FAST MN MX by pressing O M. As with

regular MIN MAX, you can then press M to cycle through maximum, minimum, and average primary displays. The meter beeps for any new minimum or maximum value . Exit FAST MN MX by pressing ON (CANCEL) or by turning the rotary switch.

A low battery condition (flashing B) disables FAST MN MX.

In ac measurement functions, MAX and MIN values are peak values, AVG is the rms value. This provides the necessary information in one display for calculation of Crest Factor (peak/rms).

Due to longer required response times, you cannot use FAST MN MX in the following functions: ohms, diode test, conductance, continuity, capacitance, temperature, ac over dc, ac+dc, Hz, duty cycle, and pulse width.

2-20

tc033f.eps

Figure 2-7. Min Max Avg

Page 35

Getting Acquainted

Using Relative Mode (REL)

Using HOLD with MIN MAX or FAST MN MX

You can enable the HOLD mode when in the MIN MAX mode is by pressing Q.

No further minimum, maximum, or average updates occur while the HOLD mode is enabled.

Exit HOLD mode by pressing Q a second time.

Using Relative Mode (REL)

Selecting Relative mode (D) causes the meter to zero the display and store the present reading as a reference for subsequent measurements.

• Press D once to select the Relative Mode. (The meter enters manual range when you enter the Relative Mode.)

The reference appears in the secondary display. The

difference between the reference and a new measurement appears in the primary display. See Figure 2-8.

• Press D a second time to enter the REL% mode and display the difference as ± 10 % of the reference reading.

In REL%, e% appears on the display.

• Press D a third time to exit the Relative Mode.

tc039f.eps

Figure 2-8. Relative Mode

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

2-22

Page 37

Chapter 3

Making Measurements

Introduction

Chapter 3 explains how to make measurements. Most measurement functions can be selected by using the rotary switch.

White letters or symbols identify primary functions; blue letters or symbols identify alternative functions. Press the blue button to access these alternate functions.

Frequency-related functions can be selected (Hz, duty cycle, and pulse width) when the rotary switch is in any volts, amps, or resistance position.

Measuring Voltage

Voltage is the difference in electrical potential between two points. The polarity of ac (alternating current) voltage varies over time, while the polarity of dc (direct current) voltage is constant over time.

Ranges available in volts functions are:

\ $

•

5.0000 V, 50.000 V, 500.00 V, 1000.0 V

• ,m

50.000 mV, 500.00 mV, and 5000.0 mV

Readings in the 5000.0 mV range overload (0L) at 1500 mV ac or 3000 mV dc. The 5000.0 mV range overlaps the 5.0000 V range to provide greater resolution with Fluke accessories that provide a mV output. For example, the Fluke 80i-1000 Current Clamp provides 1 mV ac per amp measured up to 1000 amps.

3-1

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

When measuring voltage, the meter acts like a 10 MΩ (10,000,000 Ω) impedance in parallel with the circuit. This loading effect can cause measurement errors in highimpedance circuits. In most cases, the error is negligible (0.1% or less) if the circuit impedance is 10 kΩ (10,000 Ω) or less.

Measuring AC Voltage

LOGGING MULTIMETER

The meter presents ac voltage values as rms (root mean square) readings. The rms value is the equivalent dc voltage that would produce the same amount of heat in a resistance as the measured voltage. Your meter features true rms readings, which are accurate for sinewaves and other wave forms (with no dc offset) such as square waves, triangle waves, and staircase waves. For ac with dc offset, use

Set up the meter to measure ac volts as shown in Figure 3-1.

All pushbutton features are available in this function. The blue button ( %) accesses decibel dBm or dBV) measurements, discussed next in this chapter.

3-2

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

AutoHOLD

MIN MAXHOLD

SETUP

ac+dc

dBVdB

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

Figure 3-1. AC Voltage Measurement

Switch Box

tc001f.eps

Page 39

dB Measurements in AC Volts Functions

The two ac volts functions allow you to display readings as deviations in dB (decibels) above or below an established level.

Set up dB measurements with the following procedure:

1. Make an ac volts measurement to be used as a reference point.

Making Measurements

Measuring Voltage

2. Press % to select dB. The dBm (or dBV) value appears in the primary display and the ac volts reading appears in the secondary display. A typical dB display appears in Figure 3-2.

3. Press % again to switch the ac volts and dB readings. Press % a third time to turn dB off.

tc032f.eps

Figure 3-2. dBm Display

Normally, dB is measured as dBm, which is a measure of decibels relative to 1 milliwatt. The meter assumes a resistance of 600 Ω in making this calculation. This resistance can be set for any value from 1 to 1999 Ω,

using the meter’s setup capabilities (see Chapter 5.) When set to other than 600 Ω the dBm reference resistance appears in the Index Display. (See Figure 2-4, item 17.)

Note

If dBm is displayed, check that the reference resistance value closely matches the impedance of the syste m being mea sured.

3-3

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

dB is calculated with the following formula:





• For dBm, Vr is the voltage across the reference resistance at 1 mW. For example, Vr would be

0.7746 V with a 600 Ω reference resistance.

• For dBV, the reference voltage (Vr) is 1 V.

log*20









Measuring DC Voltage

Set up the meter for dc voltage measurement as shown in Figure 3-4. All pushbutton features are available for a standard dc volts reading.

Both AC and DC Voltage Measurements

When a dc volts function is selected, the meter can display ac and dc components of a signal separately or the combined ac + dc (rms) value.

To select separate ac and dc signal components:

• Press % once to display ac voltage in the primary display and dc voltage in the secondary display (ac over dc).

• Press % a second time to reverse the displays (dc over ac).

• Press % a third time to display the ac + dc rms value in the primary display. (FAST MN MX is unavailable in this state.)

• Press % a fourth time to return to the normal dc volts display.

Figure 3-3 shows some typical displays.

3-4

Page 41

AC over DC DC over AC AC + DC

Figure 3-3. AC and DC Display

When the meter shows ac over dc or dc over ac, the following other pushbutton functions are not available:

• AutoHOLD ( O Q)

• MIN MAX ( M)

• FAST MN MX ( O M)

• Hz ( N)

• Relative ( D)

Making Measurements

Measuring Voltage

tc024f.eps

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Measuring Resistance

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

ac+dcVac+dc

FAST MN MX

AutoHOLD

MIN MAXHOLD

SETUP

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

Figure 3-4. DC Voltage Measurement

Caution

To avoid possible damage to the meter or to the equipment under test, disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before measuring resistance.

Resistance is an opposition to current flow. The unit of resistance is the ohm (Ω). The meter measures resistance by sending a small current through the circuit.

The meter’s resistance ranges are 500.00 Ω, 5.0000 kΩ,

50.000 kΩ, 500.00 kΩ, 5.0000 MΩ, and 30.000 MΩ.

To measure resistance, set up the meter as shown in Figure 3-5.

All pushbutton functions are available with resistance measurements. The blue key cycles to continuity and conductance measurement, which are described later in this chapter.

tc002f.eps

3-6

Page 43

Making Measurements

Measuring Resistance

AutoHOLD

SETUP

In-Circuit Resistance Measurements

Isolating a Potentiometer

Circuit Power

OFF

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

nSnS

A mA

ac+dc

Figure 3-5. Resistance Measurement

Disconnect

Isolating a Resistor

Disconnect

tc004f.eps

3-7

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Keep the following in mind when measuring resistance:

• Because the meter’s test current flows through all possible paths between the probe tips, the measured value of a resistor in a circuit is often different from the resistor’s rated value.

• The test leads can add 0.1 Ω to 0.2 Ω of error to resistance measurements. To test the leads, touch the probe tips together and read the resistance of the leads. If necessary, you can press D to automatically subtract this value.

The resistance function can produce enough voltage to forward-bias silicon diode or transistor junctions, causing them to conduct. To avoid this, do not use the 30 MΩ range for in-circuit resistance measurements.

Testing for Continuity

Caution

To avoid possible damage to the meter or to the equipment under test, disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing for continuity.

Continuity is the presence of a complete path for current flow. The continuity test features a beeper that sounds if a circuit is complete. The beeper allows you to perform quick continuity tests without having to watch the display.

The continuity function detects intermittent opens and shorts lasting as little as 1 millisecond (0.001 second). These brief contacts cause the meter to emit a short beep.

To select continuity, turn the rotary switch to resistance position, then press the blue button once. The continuity symbol (~) appears in the display. Continuity uses manual ranging only; autoranging is not available. Refer to Figure 3-6 for continuity testing setup instructions.

3-8

Page 45

Making Measurements

Using Conductance for High Resistance Tests

Continuity testing provides you with both a visual indication of the state encountered (usually near 0 resistance for a short or OL for an open) and an audible beep when the input is low.

In continuity, a short means a measured value less than 5% of full scale. You can raise this threshold by manually selecting a higher range.

You can select whether the beeper comes on for open or short conditions, as follows:

• Press [ to enable the beeper for opens.

• Press ] to enable the beeper for shorts.

The Hz ( N) and FAST MN MX ( O M) functions are not available when continuity is selected. All other pushbutton functions are available. The blue key cycles among resistance, continuity, and conductance.

Using Conductance for High Resistance Tests

Conductance, the inverse of resistance, is the ability of a circuit to pass current. High values of conductance correspond to low values of resistance.

The unit of conductance is the Siemens (S). The meter’s 50 nS range measures conductance in nanosiemens (1 nS = 0.000000001 Siemens). Because such small amounts of conductance correspond to extremely high resistance, the nS range lets you determine the resistance of components up to 100,000 MΩ, or 100,000,000,000 Ω (1 nS = 1,000 MΩ).

To measure conductance, set up the meter as shown in Figure 3-7; then press the blue key until the nS indicator appears on the display.

With conductance measurements, the following pushbutton operations cannot be used:

• Frequency ( N)

• FAST MN MX ( O M)

• Manual ranging ( R)

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

For in-circuit tests, turn circuit power off.

LOGGING MULTIMETER

AutoHOLD

SETUP

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

Press for beep on short

nSnS

Press to select “ .”

OFF

(open)

AutoHOLD

SETUP

ac+dc

Press

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

for beep on open

OFF

(open)

3-10

(closed)

Figure 3-6. Continuity Test

(closed)

tc003f.eps

Page 47

AutoHOLD

SETUP

ac+dc

Making Measurements

Using Conductance for High Resistance Tests

The following are some tips for measuring conductance:

• High-resistance readings are susceptible to electrical noise. Use averaging to smooth out most noisy readings; press M until AVG appears in the display.

LOGGING MULTIMETER

• There is normally a residual conductance reading with the test leads open. To ensure accurate readings,

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

Press twice to select nS.

press D with the test leads open to subtract the residual value.

Figure 3-7. Conductance Measurement

tc023f.eps

3-11

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Measuring Capacitance

Caution

To avoid possible damage to the meter or to the equipment under test, disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before measuring capacitance. Use the dc voltage function to confirm that the capacitor is discharged.

Capacitance is the ability of a component to store an electrical charge. The unit of capacitance is the farad (F). Most capacitors are in the nanofarad (nF) to microfarad (µF) range.

The meter measures capacitance by charging the capacitor with a known current for a known period of time, measuring the resulting voltage, then calculating the capacitance. Capacitors larger than 100 µF take several seconds to charge. The capacitor charge can be up to 3 V.

The meter’s capacitance ranges are 1 nF, 10 nF, 100 nF, 1 µF, 10 µF, 100 µF, 1 mF, 10 mF, and 50 mF.

To measure capacitance, set up the meter as shown in Figure 3-8. The blue key toggles the selection between capacitance and diode test.

While measuring capacitance, the following pushbutton functions are not available:

• Frequency ( N)

• FAST MN MX ( O M)

The following are some tips for measuring capacitance:

• To speed up measurements of similar values, press R to manually select the proper range.

• To improve the measurement accuracy of small value capacitors, press D with the test leads open to subtract the residual capacitance of the meter and leads.

3-12

Page 49

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

AutoHOLD

SETUP

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

Figure 3-8. Capacitance Measurement

Making Measurements

Testing Diodes

Caution

To avoid possible damage to the meter or to the equipment under test, disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing diodes.

Use the diode test to check diodes, transistors, silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs), and other semiconductor devices. The test sends a current through a semiconductor junction, then measures the junction’s voltage drop. A typical junction drops 0.5 V to 0.8 V. In diode test, the beeper is active. It beeps briefly for a normal junction and is on continuously if a short is detected.

To test a diode out of a circuit, set up the meter as shown in Figure 3-9.

+ + +

+ + + + +

tc005f.eps

In a circuit, a similar diode should still indicate a forwardbias reading of 0.5 V to 0.8 V; however, the reverse-bias reading can vary depending on the resistance of other pathways between the probe tips.

The blue key toggles between diode test and capacitance. Since diode test uses a fixed range, R cannot be used.

3-13

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

LOGGING MULTIMETER

Typical Reading

LOGGING MULTIMETER

3-14

AutoHOLD

SETUP

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

Press for Diode Test

Forward Bias

AutoHOLD

SETUP

ac+dc

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

Reverse Bias

tc006f.eps

Figure 3-9. Diode Test

Page 51

Measuring Temperature

Making Measurements

Measuring Temperature

To measure temperature, set up the meter as shown in Figure 3-10. The meter begins temperature measurement in the degree units last used (Celsius °C or Fahrenheit °F). Once you have selected the temperature function, you can change units by pressing the blue button. The meter remembers the units selected until they are changed.

The primary display shows either the temperature or the

message ‘0PEn’ (for an open thermocouple condition). Shorting the input will display the temperature at the meter terminals.

The secondary display shows any non-zero temperature offset. This offset is established as a calibrating value during setup. Refer to Chapter 5 for additional information.

The following pushbuttons cannot be used when taking temperature measurements:

• Frequency ( N)

• FAST MN MX ( O M)

• Ranging ( R)

WWarning

To avoid the potential for fire or electrical shock, do not connect the thermocouples to electrically live circuits.

LOGGING MULTIMETER

AutoHOLD

SETUP

ac+dc

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

°F

YES

A mA

ac+dc

FCF

80AK

80PK-1 Type K

Thermocouple

°C

Vent

Pipe

Probe

Figure 3-10. Temperature Measurement

tc010f.eps

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Measuring Current

WWarning

Never attempt an in-circuit current measurement where the open-circuit potential to earth is greater than 1000 V. You may damage the meter or be injured if the fuse blows during such a measurement.

Caution

To avoid possible damage to the meter or to the equipment under test, check the meter’s fuses before measuring current. Use the proper terminals, function, and range for your measurement. Never place the probes across (in parallel with) any circuit or component when the leads are plugged into the current terminals.

Current is the flow of electrons through a conductor. To measure current, you must open the circuit under test, then place the meter in series with the circuit.

To measure ac or dc current, proceed as follows:

1. Turn off power to the circuit. Discharge all high-

voltage capacitors.

2. Insert the black lead into the COM terminal. Insert the red lead in an input appropriate for the measurement range as shown in Table 3-1.

Note

To avoid blowing the meter’s 440 mA fuse, use

the mA/ current is less than 400 mA.

Rotary Switch Input Ranges

I or K!

= or x

A terminal only if you are sure the

Table 3-1. Current Measurement

5.0000 A

50.000 A (reading flashes at 10 A, overloads (0L) at 20 A)

50.000 mA

500.00 mA

500.00 µA

5000.0 µA

3-16

Page 53

Making Measurements

Measuring Current

3. If you are using the A terminal, set the rotary switch to mA/A. If you are using the mA/µA terminal, set the rotary switch to µA for currents below 5000 µA (5 mA), or mA/A for currents above 5000 µA.

4. Open the circuit path to be tested. Touch the red probe to the more positive side of the break; touch the black probe to the more negative side of the break. Reversing the leads will produce a negative reading, but will not damage the meter.

5. Turn on power to the circuit; then read the display. Be sure to note the unit given at the right side of the display (µA, mA, or A).

6. Turn off power to the circuit and discharge all highvoltage capacitors. Remove the meter and restore the circuit to normal operation.

Input Alert™ Feature

If a test lead is plugged into the mA/µA or A terminal, but the rotary switch is not correctly set to one of the current measuring positions, the beeper warns you by making a chirping sound.

This Input Alert warning is intended to stop you from attempting to measure voltage, continuity, resistance, capacitance, or diode values when the leads are plugged into a current terminal.

Placing the probes across (in parallel with) a powered circuit when a lead is plugged into a current terminal can damage the circuit you are testing and blow the meter’s

This can happen because the resistance through the

fuse.

meter’s current terminals is very low, so the meter acts like a short circuit.

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

The following are some tips for measuring current:

• If the display shows LEAd5 and you are sure the meter is set up correctly, test the meter’s fuses as described under "Testing the Fuses" in Chapter 6.

• A current meter drops a small voltage across itself, which might affect circuit operation. You can calculate this burden voltage using the values listed in Chapter

7 under Burden Voltage (A, mA, µA).

Measuring AC Current

To measure ac current, set up the meter as shown in Figure 3-11.

The blue pushbutton cannot be used with ac current measurement. All other pushbutton features can be used.

3-18

Page 55

Making Measurements

Measuring Current

AutoHOLD

SETUP

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

mAAmA

A mA

ac+dc

AutoHOLD

SETUP

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

mAAmA

A mA

ac+dc

AutoHOLD

SETUP

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

VIEW

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

tc008f.eps

Figure 3-11. AC Current Measurement

3-19

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

Users Manual

Measuring DC Current

To measure dc current, set up the meter as shown in Figure 3-12.

You can view separate dc and ac amps signal components.

• Press % once to display ac voltage in the primary

display and dc voltage in the secondary display (ac over dc).

• Press % a second time to reverse the displays (dc

over ac).

In either of these states, the following pushbutton functions are not available:

Display hold ( Q). AutoHOLD ( O Q) MIN MAX ( M) FAST MN MX ( O M) Hz ( N) Relative ( D) LOGGING and SAVE (Model 89)

• Press % a third time to display the ac + dc rms value in the primary display. (FAST MN MX is unavailable in this state.)

• Press % a fourth time to return to the normal dc display.

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Page 57

Making Measurements

Measuring Current

AutoHOLD

SETUP

Circuit Power:

Total current to circuit

OFF to connect meter.

ON for measurement. OFF to disconnect meter.

LOGGING MULTIMETER

LOGGING

FAST MN MX

MIN MAXHOLD

ac+dc

OFF

10A MAX

FUSED

YES

REL

SAVECANCEL

RANGE

A mA

ac+dc

TEMPERATURE

COM

CAT

400mA

1000V

FUSED

ac+dc

Current through one component

tc007f.eps

Figure 3-12. DC Current Measurement

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Model 87 & 89 Series IV

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Measuring Frequency

Frequency is the number of cycles a signal completes each second. The meter measures the frequency of a voltage or current signal by counting the number of times the signal crosses a threshold level each second.

Figure 3-13 highlights the function selections that allow frequency measurement.

To measure frequency, select an appropriate function, connect the meter signal source, and press N.

The meter autoranges to one of four frequency ranges:

500.00 H z, 5.0000 kHz, 50.000 kHz, and 500.00 kHz. Figure 3-14 shows a typical frequency display.

ac+dc

OFF

ac+dc

VIEW MEM

CLEAR MEM

Figure 3-13. Functions Allowing Frequency

Measurement

ac+dc

tc021f.eps

3-22

Page 59

Figure 3-14. Hz Display

tc026f.eps

Making Measurements

Measuring Duty Cycle

The following are some tips for measuring frequency:

• If a reading shows as 0 Hz or is unstable, the input signal may be below or near the trigger level. You can usually correct these problems by selecting a lower range, which increases the sensitivity of the meter.

• If a reading seems to be a multiple of what you expect, the input signal may be distorted. Distortion can cause multiple triggerings of the frequency counter. Selecting a higher voltage range might solve this problem by decreasing the sensitivity of the meter. In general, the lowest frequency displayed is the correct one.

The meter beeps to indicate when a particular pushbutton is not allowed when measuring frequency. The following are some general rules.

• Relative ( D), Hold ( Q), and MIN MAX ( M)can be used.

• FAST MN MX ( O M) cannot be used.

Measuring Duty Cycle

Duty cycle (or duty factor) is the percent age of time a signal is above or below a trigger level during one cycle (Figure 3-15).

The duty cycle mode is optimized for measuring the on or off time of logic and switching signals. Systems such as electron ic fuel injection systems and switching power supplies are controlled by pulses of varying width, which can be checked by measuri ng duty cycle.

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Measures Positive Pulse

3-24

+Slope

Trigger Point

-Slope Trigger Point

30% Above

Trigger

Point

Measures Negative Pulse

-Slope Trigger Point

Figure 3-15. Duty Cycle Measurements

100%

+Slope

Trigger Point

70% Below

Trigger Point

100%

tc009f.eps

Page 61

Making Measurements

Measuring Pulse Width

To measure duty cycle, set up the meter to measure frequency; then press N a second time. You can select the level the meter uses by pressing [ to trigger on the positive slope or ] to trigger on the negative slope. A typical duty cycle display is shown in Figure 3-16.

tc027f.eps

Figure 3-16. Duty Cycle Display

For 5 V logic signals, use the 5 V dc range. For 12 V switching signals in automobiles, use the 50 V dc range. For sine waves, use the lowest ac or dc range that does not result in multiple triggering. A manually-selected lower

input range will measure better than the AUTO-selected input range.

If a duty cycl e reading is unstable, press M until the AVG annunciator comes on and the average reading appears in the secondary display.

Measuring Pulse Width

The pulse width function allows you to measure the amount of time a signal is high or low within a given period. See Figure 3-17. The measured waveform must be periodic: its pattern must repeat at equal time intervals.

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+Slope

Trigger Point

Start and Stop on Positive Slope

Pulse

Width

Period =

Frequency

Start and Stop on Negative Slope

-Slope Trigger Point

Pulse Width

Figure 3-17. Pulse Width Measurements

3-26

Period

tc020f.eps

Page 63

The meter measures pulse width in the 50.000 ms range. To measure pulse width, set up the meter to measure

frequency; then press N two more times. As with the duty cycle function, you can select which level the meter uses by pressing [ to trigger on the positive slope or ] to trigger on the negative slope. A typical pulse width display is shown in Figure 3-18.

You can improve pulse width stability by selecting the averaging feature. Press M until “AVG” appears in the

display.

Making Measurements

Measuring Pulse Width

Figure 3-18. Pulse Width Display

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Chapter 4

Using Memory & Communications

Features (Model 89)

Introduction

Chapter 4 shows you how to use memory and communication features available on Model 89.

Types of Memory

The meter has two types of memory data: and

logged readings

Saved Readings Memory

Saved readings include primary and secondary readings and functions, the time stamp, and display icons representing various features in effect.

Logged Readings Memory

The logging interval (Log Int) can be set using the meter

FlukeView Forms

or for each logging interval on the meter’s display. A

. You can view the average reading

saved readings

scheduled logging interval may contain stable and unstable logged readings. Unstable logged readings represent unstable events as defined by the AutoHOLD function. See the Specifications.

To provide more detailed logging information, the meter also stores the high, low, and average value for each set of stable and unstable logged readings. You can only access these logged readings using

Some of the logged readings can only be accessed using a PC running the

displays the data in graphical or tabular form,

Forms

prints, and stores the data.

FlukeView Forms

software.

FlukeView

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Storing Saved Readings

To add the current displayed reading to the saved readings memory, press O R (SAVE).

• 5AVEd appears briefly to confirm the operation and the index number display increments by one.

• FULL appears if no room is available in the saved readings memory (after 100 saves).

Saved readings can be viewed later as originally displayed. Actual primary and secondary readings and functions, the time stamp, and display icons are all stored in stored readings memory. (The meter does not save the bar graph.) For example, if the original reading was in volts ac function with the dB modifier selected, the saved reading will contain the saved dB value.

Starting Logging

To begin logging, press O D(LOGGING). ; is shown on the display. The logging interval is

preset to 15 minutes.

To change the logging interval, see “Selecting Setup Options” in Chapter 5. The logging interval can be as high as 99 minutes or as low as 1 second. There is enough meter memory for at least 288 intervals (3 days of 15minute intervals.) Use logging data in your PC's memory.

The meter allows interval logging to begin only if logged readings memory is empty. Refer to the

“Clearing Memory” discussion below.

FlukeView Forms

Note

to store additional

Stopping Logging

Logging stops when one of the following occurs:

• You press O N (CANCEL).

• A flashing low battery condition (B) occurs.

• Logged readings memory becomes full.

• You change the rotary switch position.

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Using Memory & Communications Features (Model 89)

Viewing Memory Data

Use the following procedure to view memory data:

Note

Viewing memory data involves turning the rotary switch from its current function. Selections are not retained when you turn the switch. To return the meter to this function after viewing memory data, note the function and the enabled selections before you turn the rotary switch.

1. Disconnect the input leads at the measurement source.

WWarning

To avoid electric shock, disconnect the test

leads at the measurement source prior to viewing memory data.

2. Turn the rotary switch to the VIEW MEM position.

3. The primary display shows memory data. Refer to Figure 4-1 for an explanation of the VIEW MEM display.

4. If the primary display data is a logged reading, ; appears in the display. You can switch between the two types of memory data.

Press R (SAVE) for saved reading. Press D (LOGGING) for logged reading To view more detailed logged reading information,

FlukeView Forms

use

5. The index (lower left corner of the display) identifies the displayed memory data by number. You can view additional memory data by pressing [ and ].

6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 to switch between the two types of memory data.

7. To exit viewing memory, turn the rotary switch to any other position. Remember that the meter returns to the default selections for the new function position.

software.

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Table 4-1. View Display

No. Item Description

4-4

A q arrow

icons.

B Z symbol Hazardous voltage could be

C ; Identifies that the average of a

D Memory

data

Figure 4-1. View Display

tc035f.eps

E Time

display

F MEM On during View memory. G Index

number

Denotes use of [ or ] to select higher or lower index numbers.

present at inputs.

logging interval is displayed. When off, a saved reading is displayed.

Shows logged readings or secondary readings.

Indicates a time stamp (f off) or elapsed time (f on) display.

Identifies the data entry being viewed.

Page 69

Using Memory & Communications Features (Model 89)

Clearing Memory

You can clear memory in two ways.

• First, If the rotary switch is in the VIEW MEM position, you can press the blue button (%) to activate the CLEAR MEM function. CLr.? appears in the display.

You are then prompted to press [ (YES) to clear

the type of memory presently in use or ] (NO) to stop the clear procedure. The display defines the type of memory to be cleared, as:

; to clear logged readings memory. MEM to clear saved readings memory.

• A second clearing procedure is required when you try to start logging and the logged readings memory is not empty.

CLr.? appears in the display. To clear the logged readings memory and begin logging new data, Press [ (YES).

To decline the clearing operation and abort new logging, press ] (NO).

If you attempt to save a meter reading when saved readings memory is full, FULL appears in the display. You must use the VIEW MEM function to clear saved readings memory before proceeding.

Using Communications

When using a PC-to-meter IR (infrared) communication link, refer to the on-line help.

You can use the IR communication link and

software to transfer the contents of meter’s

Forms

memory to a PC.

FlukeView Forms

standard (default) or customized forms. The forms can display the data in table and graph form, as well as view user comments. You can use these forms to satisfy ISO9000 documentation requirements.

FlukeView Forms Installation Guide

FlukeView

allows you to place the data into

or the

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Chapter 5

Changing the Default Settings

Introduction

The meter allows you to change the default operating configuration of the meter by changing setup options made at the factory.

Many of these setup options affect general meter operations and are active in all functions. Others are limited to one function or group of functions.

These settings are stored and can be changed in the Setup mode using the procedure described in this chapter.

Selecting Setup Options

To enter the Setup mode, turn the meter on and press O T (SETUP).

In the Setup mode, each press of O T (SETUP) saves changes to the last selection and steps to the next option.

Each setup option appears in the primary display in the sequence shown in Tables 5-1 and 5-2.

The options in Table 5-1 are available only when the preconditions are met. The options in Table 5-2 are available for all functions. (When measuring dc volts, none of the preconditions in Table 5-1 are required, and only the selections shown in Table 5-2 will appear.)

To exit the Setup mode, Press O N (CANCEL). Be sure to save your last selection by pressing O T first.)

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Table 5-1. Function Specific Setup Selections

Selection Precondition Option Choices (

000.0 °C or

000.0 °F

L Int Model 89 only. Log interval MM:SS - Use q to increment or

dbrEF AC volts (\ or

Temperature ( selected.

,) selected.

,) and dBm

selected.

w )

Temperature offset adjust

dB type dBm or dBV (m or V flashing) - Use

dBm reference 0001 Ω to 1999 Ω - Use

000.0 ° to ±999.9 ° - Use q to increment or decrement digit.

Use

< >

to select digit. Selected digit

flashes.

decrement minute or second values. Use

< >

to select minute or seconds.

Selected values flash.

to select.

or decrement digit. Use

< >

to select digit.

< >

) Factory Default

q to increment

< >

000.0 °C (or °F)

15:00

dBV

0600 Ω

5-2

Page 73

Changing the Default Settings

Selecting Setup Options

Table 5-2. Common Setup Selections

Selection Option Choices Factory Default

bEEP Beeper yE5 or no (flashing) Use 8888 Display digits 8888 (4) or 88888 (5) Use

> to select. yE5

> to select. 88888

bLoFF Backlight time out MM:SS - Use q to increment or decrement minute or

second values. Use

< >

to select minutes or seconds. Selected values

flash. Setting value to 00:00 disables timeout.

Pr0FF Power off time out HH:MM - Use q to increment or decrement hour or minute

values. Use

< >

to select hours or minutes. Selected values flash.

Hour 24-hour clock HH:MM - Use q to increment or decrement hour or minute

values. Use

< >

to select hours or minutes. Selected values flash.

50-60 Line/Main frequency 60 or 50 (flashing) - Use Fcty Restore factory defaults yE5 or no (flashing) - Use

> to select. 60

> to select. no

15:00

00:15

00:00

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Select and edit setup options as follows:

• Turn the rotary switch to a measurement function:

• Press O T to advance to the next setup option

and save the present selection.

• Press [ to increase or ] to decrease a value.

• Press T (l) to go back to the previous digit or

selection.

• Press % ( s) to advance to the next digit or selection.

• Any digit or selection being changed flashes when active.

• Press O N (CANCEL) to exit Setup. (Be sure to save your last selection by pressing O T first.)

Adjusting the Temperature Offset

If the meter is in a temperature measurement function, use the following procedure to set an offset for your temperature probe:

1. Turn the rotary switch to temperature (

2. Connect the temperature probe and probe adapter to

& and V inputs on the meter.

the

3. Place the temperature probe and an accurate thermometer in a lag bath (i.e., a container with an isothermal liquid).

4. Press O T to enter the Setup mode and temperature adjust.

The primary display shows the measured value for the temperature probe. This value is already adjusted by any previously stored offset (shown in the secondary display.) See Figure 5-1.

w).

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If necessary, adjust the temperature offset until the temperature on the primary display matches the temperature indicated by the lag bath thermometer.

1. Press % ( s) to advance to the next digit and press T (l) to go back to the previous digit.

2. Press [ or ] to increase or decrease the digit value.

Changing the Default Settings

Adjusting the Temperature Offset

3. Save changes by pressing O T.

4. Press O N to exit Setup.

tc041f.eps

Figure 5-1. Adjusting Temperature Offset

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Selecting Display Resolution (3 1/2 or 4 1/2 Digits)

For most functions, you can choose whether the meter displays the reading in 3-1/2 or 4-1/2 digits.

• The 3-1/2 digit setting provides lower resolution with faster response time.

• The 4-1/2 digit setting provides greater resolution with slower response time. The 4-1/2 digit display is available with all functions except continuity, conductance, capacitance, and FAST MN MX.

To select t he display resolution:

1. Press O, then T until 8888 (for 3-1/2 digits) or 88888 (for 4-1/2 digits) appears in the display.

2. To change the selection, press T (l) or % ( s).

3. Press O, then T to save the selection and proceed to the next setup selection.

Setting the Power Off Timeout

1. Press O T until Pr0FF appears in the display.

The present power off time in hours and minutes

appears as four digits in the lower right corner of the display. The maximum timeout setting is 23 hours and 59 minutes. The minimum setting (00:00) disables the power off timeout.

2. Press % (to advance) or T (to go back) between digits.

3. With the desired digit selected (flashing), press [ (to increment) or ] (to decrement) the value.

4. When you have set the digits as desired, press OT to save the settings and proceed to the next setup selection.

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Changing the Default Settings

Setting the 24-Hour Clock

The meter uses 24-hour clock readings as time stamps during HOLD, AutoHOLD, MIN MAX, FAST MN MX, SAVE, and LOGGING operations.

Hours and minutes to a maximum of 23:59 can be set.

Note

If the reading occurs within 1 hour of the start of the operation, the elapsed time clock is used. The meter also uses elapsed time for all average readings. Elapsed time is expressed in minutes and seconds to a maximum of 59:59.

To change the 24-hour clock:

1. Press O T until Hour appears in the display and the hour digits in the lower right corner of the display begin flashing.

2. Press [ or ] to increase or decrease the hour value.

3. Press % ( s) to advance to the minute setting; the minute digits begin flashing.

4. Press [ or ] to increase or decrease the minute value.

5. Press O T to store the selection and proceed to the next selection.

Setting the Line (Main) Frequency

Although the meter operates on battery power only, it is important to specify the frequency (50 or 60 Hz) of the line (main) power. This allows the meter to filter out related noise.

To change the line (main) frequency:

1. Press O T until 50-60 appears in the display.

2. Press T or % to change the selection to the correct frequency.

3. Press O T to store the selection and proceed to the next selection.

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Returning to Factory Defaults

Your meter comes with the setup options preset at the factory. These factory settings are shown in Tables 5-1 and 5-2. You can always return to these settings as follows:

1. Press O T until Fcty appears in the display.

2. Press % to select yE5; press T to select no.

If you select yE5, all setup options revert to the

factory defaults; you cannot specify individual choices.

3. Press O T to exit the setup procedure and activate your selection.

If you selected yE5 in step 2, all factory settings are restored.

If you selected no, selections made in the Setup mode become active.

Saving Setup Options

At each setup option, store your choice and advance to the next option by pressing O T.

If you are storing the last option, this also exits the setup mode.

To exit the Setup mode without saving the present option, press O N(CANCEL).

Selections that were previously saved with O T are retained.

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Chapter 6

Maintenance

Introduction

This chapter describes basic operator maintenance. For calibration and performance test information, order

& 89 Series IV Service Manual

, PN 676137.

the 87

General Maintenance

Periodically wipe the case with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Do not use abrasives or solvents.

Dirt or moisture in the terminals can affect readings and can falsely activate the Input Alert feature. Clean the terminals as follows:

1. Turn the meter off and remove all test leads.

2. Shake out any dirt that may be in the terminals.

3. Soak a new swab with alcohol. Work the swab around in each terminal.

Testing the Fuses

Before measuring current, test the appropriate fuse as shown in Figure 6-1. If the tests give readings other than those shown, have the meter serviced.

WWarning

To avoid electrical shock or personal injury, remove the test leads and any input signals before replacing the battery or fuses. To prevent damage or injury, install ONLY specified replacement fuses with the amperage, voltage, and speed ratings shown in Chapter 7.

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Replace F2 if " or " displayed

AutoHOLD

HOLD

FAST MN MX

MIN MAX

REL

CANCEL

10A MAX FUSED

SETUP

ac+dc

OFF

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

400mA

FUSED

CAT

1000V

SAVE

RANGE

mA A

ac+dc

VIEW

Figure 6-1. Testing the Current Fuses

LOGGING

LOGGING MULTIMETER

YES

Replace F1 if " or " displayed

AutoHOLD

HOLD

FAST MN MX

MIN MAX

LOGGING

REL

CANCEL

10A MAX FUSED

SETUP

ac+dc

OFF

CLEAR MEM

TEMPERATURE

COM

400mA

FUSED

CAT

1000V

SAVE

RANGE

mA A

ac+dc

VIEW

YES

LOGGING MULTIMETER

tc038f.eps

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Maintenance

Replacing the Batteries

Replace the batteries with four AA batteries (NEDA I5A or IEC LR6).

WWarning

To avoid false readings, which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the batteries as soon as the battery indicator (B) appears.

Replace the batteries as follows (refer to Figure 6-2):

1. Turn the rotary switch to OFF and remove the test leads from the terminals.

2. Remove the battery door by using a standard-blade screwdriver to turn the battery door screws onequarter turn counterclockwise.

3. Replace the batteries and the battery door. Secure the door by turning the screws one-quarter turn clockwise.

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Figure 6-2. Battery and Fuse Replacement

6-4

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Maintenance

Replacing the Fuses

W Warning

To avoid electrical shock or damage to the meter, only use replacement fuses specified in Table 6-1.

Referring to Figure 6-2, examine or replace the meter’s fuses as follows:

1. Turn the rotary switch to OFF and remove the test leads from the terminals.

2. Remove the ba ttery acccess door by using a standard-blade screwdriver to turn the battery door screws one-quarter turn counterclockwise.

3. Remove either fuse by gently prying one end loose, then sliding the fuse out of its bracket.

4. Install ONLY specified replacement fuses with the amperage, voltage, and speed ratings shown in Chapter 7.

5. Reinstall the battery door. Secure the door by turning the screws one-quarter turn clockwise.

User-Replaceable Parts

User-replaceable parts are listed in Table 1. These parts

can be ordered by contacting Fluke. See “How to Contact Fluke in Chapter 1.

In Case of Difficulty

If the meter does not seem to work properly:

1. Examine the case for damage. If damage is detected, contact Fluke. See “Contacting Fluke” in Chapter 1.

2. Check and replace (as needed) the batteries, fuses, and test leads.

3. Review this manual to verify correct operation.

4. If the meter still does not work, pack it securely and forward it, postage paid, to the location provided by the appropriate Fluke contact. Include a description of the problem. Fluke assumes no responsibility for damage in transit.

A meter under warranty will be repaired or replaced (at Fluke’s option) and returned at no charge. See the registration card for warranty terms.

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Table 6-1. User-Replaceable Parts

Reference

Description

Access Door, Battery / Fuse MP14 666446 1 Tilt-Stand MP8 659026 1 Accessory Mount MP9 658424 1

WFuse, 0.44 A (44/100 A, 440 mA), 1000 V, FAST F1 943121 1 WFuse, 11 A,1000 V FAST F2 943118 1

Battery, 1.5 V, 0-15 mA, AA Alkaline H8, H9, H10, H11 376756 4 Fasteners, Battery / Fuse Access Door H12, H13 948609 2 Screws, Phillip-Head H4, H5, H6, H7 832246 4 AC70A Alligator Clip (Black) MP38 738047 1 AC70A Alligator Clip (Red) MP39 738120 1 TL71 Right-Angle Test Lead Set MP34 802980 1

Designators

Part

Number Qty

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Chapter 7

Specifications

Safety and Compliances

Maximum voltage between any terminal and earth ground.

Compliances Complies with ANSI/ISA-S82.01-94, CSA C22.2 No 1010.1-92 to

Certifications (Iisted and pending) CSA per standard CSA/CAN C22.2 No. 1010.1-92

Surge Protection 8 kV peak per IEC 1010.1-92

WFuse Protection for mA or µA inputs WFuse Protection for A input

Markings P, ) (UL and TÜV pending) * CAT III: OVERVOLTAGE (Installation) Category III, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010-1 refers to the level of Impulse

Withstand Voltage protection provided. Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY III is equipment in fixed installations. Examples include electricity meter and primary over-current protection equipment.

1000 V ac/dc

1000 V Overvoltage Category III, Polution Degree 2 *

UL per standard UL 3111 (pending)

TÜV per standard EN 61010 Part 1-1993 (pending)

0.44 A (44/100 A, 440 mA), 1000 V FAST Fuse 11 A, 1000 V FAST Fuse

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Physical Specifications

Display (LCD) Digital: 50000/5000 counts primary display,

5000 counts secondary display; updates 4/second.

Analog: 51 segments, updates 40/second.

Operating Temperature − 20 °C to + 55 °C Storage Temperature − 40 °C to +60 °C Temperature Coefficient 0.05 x (specified accuracy) / °C (<18 °C or >28 °C) Relative Humidity 0 % to 90 % (0 °C to 28 °C)

0 % to 70 % (28 °C to 55 °C)

Altitude Operating: 0-2000 meters per EN61010 CAT III, 1000V

0-3000 meters per EN61010 CAT II, 1000V, EN61010 CAT III, 600V Storage: 10000 meters

Battery Type 4 AA Alkaline, NEDA 15A or LR6 Battery Life 72 Hours typical (with backlight off) Shock Vibration Per MIL-T-PRF 28800 for Class II instruments Electromagnetic Compatibility

(EMC) Size 10.0 cm x 20.3 cm x 5.0 cm (3.94 in x 8.00 in x 1.97 in)

Weight 545 grams (1.2 lbs.) Case Sealing IP-42 per IEC 529, Section 3 Warranty Lifetime Calibration Interval 1 year

Susceptibility and Emissions: Commercial Limits per EN61326-1 (see notes for DC

mV, DC µA, and Resistance.)

(Not Including Accessory Mount)

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Specifications

Feature Summary

Feature Description

Dual Digital Displays

Analog Bar Graph Backlight with 2 brightness adjustment Bright white backlight for clear readings in poorly lighted areas Fast Autorange Meter automatically selects best range - instantly AC+DC true rms, ac rms specified to 100 kHz Choices for AC only, AC and DC dual display, or AC+DC readings dBm, dBV User selectable impedance references for dBm AutoHOLD Holds readings on display Continuity / Open test Beeper sounds for resistance readings below threshold, or to

Fast Bar Graph 51 segments for peaking and nulling Duty cycle / Pulse width Measure the time signal is on or off in % or milliseconds MIN MAX Mode

FAST MN MX with 24-hour time stamp Close-Case Calibration No internal adjustments needed Battery / Fuse Access Door Battery or fuse replaceable without voiding calibration Hi-Impact Overmolded Case Protective holster features

Primary: 50,000 counts Secondary: 5,000 count Bar graph: 51 segments, updates 40 times/second

indicate a momentary open circuit

Record maximum, minimum, and average values. 24-hour clock for MAX or MIN, elapsed time for AVG.

FAST MN MX captures peaks to 250 µsec.

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Basic Specifications

Function Ranges/Description

DC Voltage 0 to 1000 V AC Voltage, true RMS 15 mV to 1000 V – 100 kHz bandwidth Basic Accuracy DC voltage: 0.025 %

AC voltage: 0.4 %

DC Current 0 to 10 A (20 A for 30 seconds) AC Current, true RMS 25 µA to 10 A (20 A for 30 seconds) Resistance 0 to 30 MΩ Conductance 0 to 50 nS Capacitance 0.001 nF to 50 mF Diode Test 3.1 V Temperature −200 °C to 1350 °C (−328 °F to 2462 °F) Frequency 0.5 Hz to 1000 kHz LOGGING Intervals

(Model 89 only)

SAVE Readings (Model 89 only)

At least 288 intervals may be stored. Up to 700 unstable event values (see AutoHold) are automatically added to LOGGING memory for viewing only through optional PC software. Additional intervals will be logged up to 988 if the signal is stable.

Up to 100 readings may be saved by the user in a memory separate from LOGGING memory. These readings may be viewed using VIEW MEM.

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Specifications

Detailed Accuracy Specifications

Accuracy is specified for a period of one year after calibration, at 18 °C to 28 °C (64 °F to 82 °F), with relative humidity to 90 %. Accuracy specifications are given as:

± ( [ % of reading ] + [ number of least significant digits ] )

AC mV, AC V, AC µA, AC mA, and AC A specifications are ac coupled, true rms and are valid from 5% of range to 100 % of range. AC crest factor can be up to 3.0 at full-scale, 6.0 at half-scale except the 3000 mV and 1000 V ranges where it is 1.5 at full scale, 3.0 at half-scale.

Accuracy

Function Range Resolution 45 Hz-1 kHz 20-45 Hz 1 kHz-10 kHz 10 kHz-20 kHz 20 kHz-100 kHz

1, 2

50.000 mV 0.001 mV 0.4 % + 40 2 % + 80 5 % + 40 5 % + 40 15 % + 40

500.00 mV 0.01 mV 0.4 % + 40 2 % + 80 5 % + 40 5 % + 40 6 % + 40

3000.0 mV 0.1 mV 0.4 % + 40 2 % + 80 0.4 % + 40 1.5 % + 40 6 % + 40

5.0000 V 0.0001 V 0.4 % + 40 2 % + 80 0.4 % + 40 1.5 % + 40 6 % + 40

50.000 V 0.001 V 0.4 % + 40 2 % + 80 0.4 % + 40 1.5 % + 40 6 % + 40

500.00 V 0.01 V 0.4 % + 40 2 % + 80 0.4 % + 40 Not specified Not specified

1000.0 V 0.1 V 0.4 % + 40 2 % + 80 0.4 % + 40 Not specified Not specified

−6 to +34 0.01 dB 0.1 dB 0.2 dB 0.1 dB 0.2 dB 0.5 dB +34 to +60 0.01 dB 0.1 dB 0.2 dB 0.1 dB Not specified Not specified

AC mV

AC V

dBV −52 to −6 0.01 dB 0.1 dB 0.2 dB 0.5 dB 0.5 dB 2.0 dB

1. For the 5,000 count mode, div i de the number of least signifi cant digits (counts) by 10.

2. A residual reading of 8 to 80 digits with leads shorted, will not affect st ated accuracy above 5 % of range.

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Accuracy

Function Range Resolution 45-1 kHz 20-45 Hz 1-20 kHz 20 kHz-100 kHz

AC µA 500.00 µA 0.01 µA 0.75 % + 20 1 % + 20 0.75 % + 20 6 % + 40

5,000.0 µA0.1 µA 0.75 % + 5 1% + 5 0.75 % + 10 2 % + 40

AC mA 50.000 mA 0.001 mA 0.75 % + 20 1% + 20 0.75 % + 20 9 % + 40

400.00 mA

0.01 mA 0.75 % + 5 1% + 5 1.5 % + 10 4 % + 40

AC A 5.0000 A 0.0001 A 1.5 % + 20 1.5% + 20 6 % + 40 Not specified

10.000 A

1. 500.00 mA overload for 30 sec onds maximum.

2. 10 A continuous up to 35 °C, l ess than 10 minutes -35 °C to 55

0.001 A 1.5 % + 5 1.5% + 5 5 % + 10 Not specified

°C. 20 A overload for 30 seconds maximum.

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Specifications

Detailed Accuracy Specifications

Accuracy Accuracy Dual Display AC or AC+DC

Function Range Resolution DC 20 - 45 Hz 45 Hz - 1 kHz 1 kHz- 20 kHz

DC mV 50.000 mV 0.001 mV 0.1% + 20

500.00 mV 0.01 mV 0.03 % + 2

3000.0 mV

0.1 mV 0.025 % + 5 (89-IV)

2 % + 80 0.6 % + 40 2 % + 80 0.6 % + 40 6 % + 40

0.025 % + 10 (87-IV)

DC V 5.0000 V 0.0001 V 0.025 % + 10 2 % + 80 0.5 % + 40

50.000 V 0.001 V 0.03 % + 3 2 % + 80 0.5 % + 40

500.00 V 0.01 V 0.1 % + 2 2 % + 80 0.5 % + 40 Not specified

1000.0 V 0.1 V 0.1 % + 2 2 % + 80 0.5 % + 40 Not specified

DC µA 500.00 µA 0.01 µA 0.25 % + 20

7 % + 10 7 % + 10 9 % + 40

5,000 µA0.1 µA 0.25 % + 2 1 % + 10 0.75 % + 10 2 % + 40

DC mA 50.000 mA 0.001 mA 0.15 % + 10 1 % + 10 0.75 % + 10 2 % + 40

400.00 mA

0.01 mA 0.15 % + 2 1.5 % + 10 1.5 % + 10 3 % + 40

DC A 5.0000 A 0.0001 A 0.5 %+ 10 7 % + 20 7 % + 20 12 % + 40

10.000 A

1. 500.00 mA for 30 seconds maximum.

10 A continuous up to 35 °C, less than 10 minutes -35 °C to 55 °C. 20 A overl oad for 30 seconds maximum.

3. DC 5 V range, -3 dB typical @ 10 kHz.

4. In RF field of 3 V/m, add 100 counts from 100 to 120 MHz, 60 counts f rom 270 to 300 MHz, 40 c ount s f rom 320 to 335 MHz.

5. In RF filed of 3 V/m, add 200 counts from 80 to 95 MHz.

6. See AC conversions notes for AC mV and V.

7. 1100.0 mV AC or AC+DC.

0.001 A 0.5 %+ 2 1.5 % + 10 1.5 % + 10 3 % + 40

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Function Range Resolution Accuracy

Resistance

500.00 Ω 0.01 Ω 0.05 % + 10

5.0000 kΩ 0.0001 kΩ 0.05 % + 2

50.000 kΩ 0.001 kΩ 0.05 % + 2

500.00 kΩ 0.01 kΩ 0.05 % + 2

5.0000 MΩ 0.0001 MΩ 0.15 % + 4

30.000 MΩ 0.001 MΩ 1 % + 4

Conductance 50.00 nS 0.01 nS 1 % + 10

1. For the 5,000 count mode, div i de the number of least signifi cant digits (counts) by 10.

2. For relative humidity greater than 70 %, resistance accuracy is 0.5 % ov er 1 MΩ and 2.5 % over 10 MΩ.

3. In RF field of 3 V/m, add 45 counts from 470 to 1000 MHz.

4. Using relative mode (REL ∆) to zero residual reading.

3,4

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Specifications

Detailed Accuracy Specifications

Function Ranges Resolution Accuracy

Capacitance

1.100 nF 0.001 nF 2% + 5

11.00 nF 0.01 nF

110.0 nF 0.1 nF

1.100 µF 0.001 µF

11.00 µF 0.01 µF 1 % + 5

110.0 uF 0.1 µF 1,100 µF 1 µF

11.0 mF 0.01 mF

50.00 mF 0.10 mF

Diode Test

1. For the 5,000 count mode, div i de the number of least signifi cant digits (counts) by 10.

2. For film capacitor or better, using Relative mode (REL ∆) to zero residual on 1.1 nF range.

3. The small range annunciator above the AUTO/M A NUA L messages will show 50, and the display will show xx.xx throughout these t w o measurement ranges.

3.1000 V 0.0001 V 2 % + 2

1% + 50

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Function Range Resolution Accuracy

Frequency 500.00 Hz 0.01 Hz

± (0.005 % + 1)

5.0000 kHz 0.0001 kHz

50.000 kHz 0.001 kHz

999.99 kHz 0.01 kHz Duty Cycle Pulse Width

Temperature −200 to +1350 °C0.1 °C ± ( 1% of reading + 1 °C)

10 to 90 % 0.1 % ± (0.12 x voltage range / input voltage x 100 %)

50.000 ms 0.001 ms ± (0.001 ms +1)

3,4

−328 to +2462 °F0.1 °F ± ( 1% of reading + 1.8 °F)

3,4

MIN MAX AVG Response: 100 ms to 80 % Specified accuracy ± 12 counts for changes > 200 ms

in duration. (± 40 counts in AC for changes > 350 ms and inputs > 25 % of range)

FAST MN MX 250 µs Specified accuracy ±100 counts for changes >250 µs in

duration

1. Reading will be 0.00 for signals below 0.5 Hz.

2. Duty cycle and pulse width operate on repetitive waveforms at 14.5 Hz or greater.

3. Accuracy spec i fication is relativ e to the user-adjustable temperat ure of fset, and assumes am bi ent temperature stable to ± 1 °C.

4. For ambient temperature changes of ± 5 °C, rated accuracy applies after 1 hour.

5. For repetitive peaks; 2.5 ms for single events .

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Specifications

Frequency Counter Sensitivity

Minimum Sensitivity (RMS Sine Wave)

Input Range 40 Hz to 20 kHz

50 mV (dB only) 15 mV to 3 mV 15 mV 15 mV ± 25 mV 500 mV 50 mV to 30 mV 50 mV 30 mV 35 mV ± 6 mV 3000 mV 1500 mV to 300 mV 2000 mV 2000 mV 170 mV ± 6 mV 5 V 1.5 V to 0.3 V 2 V 2.2 V 1.7 V ± 0.25 V 50 V 15 V to 3 V 15 V 5 V 3.5 V ± 2.5 V 500 V 50 V to 20 V 50 V 50 V 35 V ± 25 V 1000 V 250 V to 100 V 250 V 50 V 35 V ± 25 V

1. Maximum i nput for specified accuracy = 10 x Range or 1000 V, ac-coupled only. Accuracy: add 1 c ount.

2. Sensiti vity improves linearly from 40 Hz to 20 kHz.

3. Useable at reduced sensitivity t o 0.5 Hz and 1000 kHz.

15 to 40 Hz 320 to 500 kHz

Approximate Trigger Levels

(DC Voltage Function)

Burden Voltage (A, mA, µA)

Function Range Burden Voltage (typical)

mA - µA 500.00 µA

5,000 µA 102 µV / µA

50.000 mA 1.8 mV / mA

400.00 mA 1.8 mV / mA

A 5.0000 A 0.04 V / A

10.000 A 0.04 V / A

102 µV / µA

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Input Characteristics

Function Input Impedance (Nominal)

Volts, mV 10 MΩ, < 100 pF

Common Mode Rejection Ratio Normal Mode Rejection

DC Volts, mV >100 dB -dc, 50 Hz, or 60 Hz ±0.1% >90 dB at 50 Hz, or 60 Hz ± 0.1% AC Volts, mV > 90 dB dc to 60 Hz

Full-Scale Voltage

Open Circuit Test Voltage To 5 MΩ 30 MΩ + nS

Ohms < 5 V 500 mV 3.1 V Diode Test < 5 V 3.1000 V

Typical Short-Circuit Current

500 Ω 5 kΩ 50 kΩ 500 kΩ 5 MΩ 30 MΩ

Ohms 100 µA 100 µA 10 µA 1 µA 0.1 µA 0.1 µA Diode Test 0.8 mA typical

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