Fluke 438-II Operating Manual

438-II

Motor Analyzer

Users Manual

March 2016

©2016 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved.
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The
warranty period is three years and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, and services are warranted for 90
days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller, and does not
apply to fuses, disposable batteries, or to any product which, in Fluke's opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected,
contaminated, or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants that software will
operate substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on
non-defective media. Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption.

Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers only but have no
authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is available only if product is
purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price. Fluke reserves the
right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair/replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted
for repair in another country.

Fluke's warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke's option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair, or
replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the warranty period.

To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain return authorization information,
then send the product to that service center, with a description of the difficulty, postage and insurance prepaid (FOB
Destination). Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer,
transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke determines that failure was caused by neglect, misuse, contamination,
alteration, accident, or abnormal condition of operation or handling, including overvoltage failures caused by use outside
the product’s specified rating, or normal wear and tear of mechanical components, Fluke will provide an estimate of repair
costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will be returned to the Buyer
transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point).

THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM ANY
CAUSE OR THEORY.

Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion or limitation of
incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer. If any
provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such
holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.

11/99

Fluke Corporation
P.O. Box 9090
Everett, WA 98206-9090
U.S.A.

Fluke Europe B.V.
P.O. Box 1186
5602 BD Eindhoven
The Netherlands

Table of Contents

Title Page

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

How to Contact Fluke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

In The Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Motor Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Motor Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Unit Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Set Analyzer Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Trend Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Motor Analyzer Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Mechanical Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Electrical Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

View Analyzer Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Meter Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Trend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

NEMA Derating Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Voltage Unbalance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Voltage Harmonics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

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ii

List of Tables

Table Title Page

1. Motor Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2. Motor Analyzer Range and Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3. Motor Design Type and Characteristics Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4. Nameplate Settings and Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

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iv

Introduction

The Motor Analyzer is a feature that measures mechanical power, torque, and rpm on direct-on-line
asynchronous motors. It is a standard feature on the Fluke 438-II and available as an optional upgrade for all
models in the Fluke 430 Series II (Fluke 430-II/MA Motor Analyzer upgrade). Combined with electrical power
and power-quality measurements, the Motor Analyzer feature provides useful information about a motor’s
mechanical and electrical operational variables and its efficiency.

The feature dynamically measures critical motor variables as the process operates with no need to use
additional mechanical sensors or shut down the process.

The Motor Analyzer is for three wire, three-phase DELTA measurement configurations. If any other
configuration is active, the feature prompts you to go to the SETUP menu to specify a supported
configuration:

• 3-phase Delta

• 3-phase Open Leg

• 3-phase IT

• 2-Element

How to Contact Fluke

To contact Fluke, call one of the following telephone numbers:

• Technical Support USA: 1-800-44-FLUKE (1-800-443-5853)

• Calibration/Repair USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853)

• Canada: 1-800-36-FLUKE (1-800-363-5853)

• Europe: [phone]

• Japan: [phone]

• Singapore: [phone]

• Anywhere in the world: [phone]
Or, visit Fluke's website at www.fluke.com
To register your product, visit http://register.fluke.com
To view, print, or download the latest manual supplement, visit http://us.fluke.com/usen/support/manuals

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Safety Information

A Warning identifies hazardous conditions and procedures that are dangerous to the user. A Caution
identifies conditions and procedures that can cause damage to the Product or the equipment under test.

To prevent possible electrical shock, fire, or personal injury:

•

Read all safety information before you use the Product.

•

Use the Product only as specified, or the protection supplied by the Product can

be compromised.

•

Comply with local and national safety codes. Use personal protective

equipment (approved rubber gloves, face protection, and flame-resistant
clothes) to prevent shock and arc blast injury where hazardous live conductors
are exposed.

•

Do not use the Product if it is damaged.

•

Disable the Product if it is damaged.

•

Do not work alone.

See the 434-II/435-II/437-II Users Manual for a complete list of Safety Warnings and explanation of Symbols
used on the Product.

XW Warning

In The Box

The Motor Analyzer Kit includes:

• 438 Series II Power Quality and Motor Analyzer (Side Strap, Battery Pack BP290 -28 Wh, and 8 GB SD
Wireless SD Memory Card installed)

• Decals for Input Sockets (EU & UK, EU, China, UK, US, Canada)

• Hang Strap

• Alligator Clips (set of 5)

• Test Leads, 2.5 m + Color Coding Clips (set of 5)

• Power Adapter

• Regional Power Cord

• Safety Information (Multi-Language)

• CD-ROM with Manuals (Multi-Language), PowerLog Software, and USB drivers

• USB Interface Cable for PC Connection (USB A-to-mini USB B)

• Soft Carry Case C1740

Additional kits are available that include Flexible 6000 A AC Current Probes (set of 4). Contact Fluke for
more information about the kits that are available for the Motor Analyzer.

2

Motor Measurements

Table 1 is a list of supported motors:

Motor type 3-phase asynchronous

Motor measurement connection 3-Wire Direct on Line

Motor winding connection WYE or Delta

Table 2 is a list of the range and accuracy of the Motor Analyzer-specific functions. See Specifications in the
Fluke 430 Series II Users Manual for the specifications of the other functions.

Motor Measurement Range Resolution Accuracy Default Limit

Motor Analyzer

Motor Measurements

Table 1. Motor Configurations

Table 2. Motor Analyzer Range and Accuracy

0.7 kW to 746 kW 0.1 kW ±3 %

[1]

100 % = rated power

Mechanical Motor Power

1 hp to 1000 hp 0.1 hp ±3 %

0 Nm to 10 000 Nm 0.1 Nm ±5 %

[1]

[1]

100 % = rated power

100 % = rated torque

To rq u e

0 lb ft to 10 000 lb ft 0.1 lb ft ±5 %

rpm 0 rpm to 3600 rpm 1 rpm ±3 %

Efficiency 0 % to 100 % 0.1 % ±3 %

[1]

[1]

[1]

100 % = rated torque

100 % = rated rpm

NA

Unbalance (NEMA) 0 % to 100 % 0.1 % ±0.15 % 5 %

Harmonics Voltage Factor (NEMA) 0 to 0.20 0.01 ±1.5 % 0.15

Unbalance Derating Factor 0.7 to 1.0 0.1 indicative NA

Harmonics Derating Factor 0.7 to 1.0 0.1 indicative NA

Total NEMA Derating Factor 0.5 to 1.0 0.1 indicative NA

[1] Add 5% error when selecting Motor design type Other

Specification valid for Motor Power > 30 % of rated power
Specification valid at stable operating temperature. Run the motor for at least 1 hour at full load
(2-3 hours if the motor is 50 HP or higher) to obtain stable temperature.

Notes:

• Rated torque is calculated from rated power and rated speed.

• Update rate of Motor Measurements is 1x per second.

• Default Trend duration is 1 week.

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Motor Setup

The motor nameplate provides information for the measurement algorithm. This information determines the
mechanical parameters from the electrical signals that are used for measurements. It is critical that you
enter the nameplate settings accurately to obtain accurate readings.

To open the Motor Setup screen:

1. Push . The MENU screen opens.

2. Push  to change the page view.

3. Use

4. Push  to open the Motor Setup screen.



to move through the menu selections and highlight Motor Analyzer.

5. Use

The Motor Analyzer supports motor designs according to NEMA and IEC design types. See Table 3 and
Table 4. If the design type is unknown, select Other. When set to Other, you must consider an additional
error of +5 % for the mechanical motor parameters.

Starting Current High Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium

Starting Torque Medium Medium High Very High Medium High Medium

Breakdown Torque High Medium High Very High Medium High Medium



Motor Design NEMA-A NEMA-B NEMA-C NEMA-D NEMA-E IEC-H IEC-N

to enter the motor nameplate parameters.

Table 3. Motor Design Type and Characteristics Summary

4

Motor Analyzer

Motor Setup

Table 4. Nameplate Settings and Ranges

Required from motor nameplate Range Resolution

746 W to 746 kW 1 W to 1 kW

Rated Power

1 hp to 1000 hp 1 hp

Rated Speed 231 rpm to 3599 rpm 1 rpm

Rated Voltage 208 V to 1000 V 1 V

Rated Current Depends on Amp sensor 0.1 A

Rated Frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz - - -

Rated Cos Q (DPF) 0.01 to 1.00 0.01

Rated Service Factor 1.00 to 1.50 0.01

Motor Design Type

NEMA-A, NEMA-B, NEMA-C, NEMA-D, NEMA-E, IEC-H,
IEC-N, Other

- - -

Default values are available for the nameplate settings and ranges. Use  (UNIT SETUP) to open the
setup screen to configure these values. The selection depends on the default motor frequency.

Softkeys:



Select UNIT SETUP screen Opens the Motor Analyzer Function Preference screen.

Select metric or imperial units for the mechanical motor
power, torque, and the default motor frequency.







Select TREND SETUP screen

Select DEFAULTS for the
MOTOR SETUP screen

START measurements

Adjusts the duration of the automatic trend recording. The
default duration is 7 days.

Sets the default values defined in the Function Preferences
screen (see UNIT SETUP). The defaults depend on the
default motor frequency.

Starts the Motor Analyzer function. See Motor Analyzer
Parameters on page 8.

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Unit Setup

Use the setup screen to set the analyzer limits and defaults.

Softkeys:

 ANALYZER LIMITS Sets the Analyzer Limits.

 50 HZ DEFAULTS Sets the default values for a 50 Hz motor.

 60 HZ DEFAULTS Sets the default values for a 60 Hz motor.

 BACK Goes to the previous screen.

When you change the 50 Hz or 60 Hz DEFAULTS, go to the Motor Setup screen to
activate the new defaults (see page 4).

Set Analyzer Limits

You can adjust the default limit values that show the system performance in various bar graphs. The limits
you enter here adjust where the bar graph shows the transition from orange to red. See Motor Analyzer

Parameters on page 8 for more information.

Note

To change:

1. Use

2. Press  to restore the default values.



to change a default value.

6

Trend Setup

Motor Analyzer

Motor Setup

The Trend Setup screen is a simplified version of the normal TIMED START screen. Motor Analyzer has an
immediate start mode only and TIMED START is not available. To open the screen, go to Motor Setup
screen and press .

The top line is information about the available memory space (43X-series II standard feature).
You can adjust the duration of the TREND. Default is the global TREND duration as defined in the Function

Preferences Trend setup screen. The TREND resolution is fixed at 1s.
Softkeys:

 CHANGE NAME

 BACK Go to the MOTOR SETUP screen.

Change the name of the data file (43X-series II standard
feature).

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Motor Analyzer Parameters

The MOTOR ANALYZER screen shows the important mechanical and electrical parameters relative to their
rated values, industry standards, or the NEMA MG 1-2014 standard. A separate screen is available for the
Mechanical Parameters and one for the Electrical Parameters.

To open the screen:

1. Go to the MOTOR SETUP screen.

2. Press  (START).



3. Use

Mechanical Parameters

The Mechanical Parameters screen shows power, torque, and speed at a glance. This screen also shows
the efficiency (ratio between electrical power supplied and mechanical power delivered) in %. A colored bar
graph indicates the performance of the motor compared to its rating.

to move between the screens for electrical and mechanical parameters.

The actual value for each parameter shows in the appropriate unit, its relative value in % of rated value or
standard, and a bar graph that shows the system performance as:

• good (green)

• adequate (yellow)

• poor (orange)

• bad (red)



Use
The limit values where the bar graph turns from orange to red are set to NEMA and industry standards.
To view these limits, press  to open the ANALYZER LIMITS menu.

to move between the screens for electrical and mechanical parameters.

Note

The default setting for efficiency is not to show a good or bad indication because the
motor can operate only at its rated efficiency at nominal load. For expert use, you can
customize the limits. See Set Analyzer Limits on page 6.

8

Electrical Parameters

The second screen is the electrical power and power factor. It shows the voltage unbalance and harmonics
voltage factor according to NEMA MG1.

Use



to move between the screens for electrical and mechanical parameters.

Softkeys:

Motor Analyzer Parameters

Motor Analyzer

 View ANALYZER LIMITS screen.

 Select METER screen.

 Select NEMA DERATING screen.

 View MOTOR SETUP screen.
 STOP measurements and save measurement results.

View Analyzer Limit

The View Analyzer Limit screen has the same information as the Set Analyzer Limits screen but is read­only. The only allowed action is  (OK or BACK) to go to the Motor Analyzer screen where the LIMITS
screen was activated.

To change the information:

1. Go to the MOTOR ANALYZER screen or METER screen.

2. Press  to stop the process.

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Meter Screen

The METER screen shows all measurements in the Motor Analyzer mode as a table view.

Available readings:

Motor Power (k)W or hp
Torque Nm or lb.ft

Note

To select between kW or hp and Nm or lb.ft in, see Unit Setup on page 6.

Speed rpm
Efficiency %
Frequency Hz
Harmonics (HVF) NEMA no unit
Unbalance (%) NEMA %
Harmonics Derating Factor (HDF) no unit
Unbalance Derating Factor (UDF) no unit
Total Derating Factor no unit

The other parameters are existing logger parameters in the 430 Series-II:
Active Power (k)W
Apparent Power (k)VA
Reactive Power (k)var
Power Factor no unit
Cos φ/DPF no unit
Harmonic Power (k)VA
Unbalance Power (k)VA
Voltage (k)V
Current (k)A
Volt THD%x %
Amp THD%x %
Unbalance %

10

Trend

Motor Analyzer Parameters

Motor Analyzer

Softkeys:

 to scroll through the METER screen.

 Opens the ANALYZER screen.

 Opens the TREND screen.

 Opens the MOTOR SETUP screen.
 STOP measurements and save measurement results.

The Trend screen is the standard trend function from the 43X-Series II that shows the recorded
measurement data over time.

Note

The Power Quality EVENT capture function is not available in Motor Analyzer.

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NEMA Derating Screen

NEMA has guidelines for the application of induction motors to the characteristics of the power system. The
NEMA standard MG 1 2014 recommends derating the permissible motor load if Voltage Unbalance or
Voltage Harmonics exist in the power system.

Voltage Unbalance

When the line voltages applied to a polyphase induction motor are not equal, unbalanced currents in the
stator windings will result. A small percentage of voltage unbalance will result in a much larger percentage of
current unbalance. Consequently, the temperature rise of the motor that operates at a particular load and
percentage voltage unbalance is greater than the motor that operates under the same conditions with
balanced voltages.

Percent voltage unbalance = 100x (maximum voltage deviation from average voltage)/average voltage
If the voltages are unbalanced, the permissible motor load should be derated. The following derating curve

is recommended by NEMA for motors with normal starting torque and is implemented in the NEMA Derating
screen.

12

Voltage Harmonics

n = order of odd harmonic, not including those divisible by three
Vn = the per-unit magnitude of the voltage at the nth harmonic frequency

Harmonic currents are introduced when the line voltages applied to the motor include voltage components at
frequencies other than the fundamental frequency of the supply (50 Hz or 60 Hz).

The temperature of the motor operating at a particular load and per unit voltage harmonic factor will
therefore be greater than that for the motor operating under the same conditions with only voltage at the
fundamental frequency applied.

When a voltage is applied to the motor that consists of components at frequencies other than the
fundamental frequency, the rated power of the motor should be derated according to the Derating Factor
shown below.

Motor Analyzer Parameters

Motor Analyzer

The Harmonic Voltage Factor (HVF) is defined as:

The total derating is found by multiplying the Derating due to Unbalance and due to Harmonics.
To open:

1. Go to the ANALYZER screen.

2. Push .
The NEMA Derating screen shows the Motor Load (vertical axis) relative to the advised derating due to

voltage unbalance or voltage harmonics (horizontal axis).

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The actual load and derating factor is indicated with a cross-hair. The green area indicates a motor that
operates within rated limits. The yellow area indicates the permissible Service Factor area (the Service
Factor is from the nameplate on the motor and entered in the Motor Setup screen). The red area indicates
the overload area for the motor. A ‘persistence’ function that plots the cross-hair center in blue color is
automatically enabled and shows the cross-hair position during the complete measurement.

nd

screen is selected with . This screen shows the readings used to plot the Derating graph.

The 2

Softkeys:

 Access METER screen.

 Access ANALYZER screen.
 STOP measurements and save measurement results.

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