Fluke 07-444 User Manual

Nuclear Associates 07-444

Little Genius Scanning Densitometer

March 2005
Manual No. 07-444-1 Rev. 2
©2004, 2005 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies

Operators Manual

Fluke Biomedical

Radiation Management Services

6045 Cochran Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44139

440.498.2564

www.flukebiomedical.com/rms

Table of Contents

Section 1: Introduction................................................................................................ 1-1

1.1 Product Description ..................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Specifications............................................................................................... 1-1

1.3 Receiving Inspection.................................................................................... 1-2

1.4 Storage ........................................................................................................ 1-2

1.5 Routine Cleaning ......................................................................................... 1-2

1.6 Procedures, Warnings, and Cautions .......................................................... 1-2

Section 2: Getting Started........................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Power........................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Controls ....................................................................................................... 2-1

2.3 Display ......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.4 RS-232 Interface.......................................................................................... 2-1

2.5 Operating Modes ......................................................................................... 2-2

Section 3: Functional Description .............................................................................. 3-1

3.1 Optical Density Measurement...................................................................... 3-1

3.2 Calculation Of Significant Values................................................................. 3-1

3.3 Displaying Data............................................................................................ 3-2

3.4 Data Logging ............................................................................................... 3-3

3.5 Data Retrieval .............................................................................................. 3-3

3.6 Data Reporting............................................................................................. 3-3

3.7 Setup Program Functions ............................................................................ 3-4

3.8 Calibration.................................................................................................... 3-4

Section 4: Setup........................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Entering a Facilities Title.............................................................................. 4-2

4.2 Clearing The Data Log................................................................................. 4-2

4.3 Setting Communication Parameters ............................................................ 4-3

4.4 Log Setup .................................................................................................... 4-5

4.5 Sending Data To The Output Port ............................................................... 4-8

4.6 Step Wedge Type ........................................................................................ 4-8

4.7 D Log E Setup ............................................................................................. 4-9

4.8 Step Wedge Type – Nuclear Associates.................................................... 4-14

4.9 Step Wedge Type - X-Rite ......................................................................... 4-14

4.10 Selecting the Appropriate Film Guide ........................................................ 4-17

4.11 Selecting The Step Wedge Type ............................................................... 4-17

4.12 X-Rite Scanning Technique ....................................................................... 4-17

i

Section 5: Operation.................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Single Step Measurements.......................................................................... 5-1

5.2 Automatic 21-Step Measurements............................................................... 5-2

5.3 Displaying Logged Data............................................................................... 5-3

5.4 Reporting Logged Data................................................................................ 5-4

5.5 Printing A D Log E Curve............................................................................. 5-5

5.6 Printing Control Charts................................................................................. 5-5

Section 6: Calibration .................................................................................................. 6-1

Section 7: Maintenance and Troubleshooting........................................................... 7-1

7.1 General ........................................................................................................ 7-1

7.2 Photo Head Alignment................................................................................. 7-1

7.3 Displayed Error Messages........................................................................... 7-2

7.4 Battery Replacement ................................................................................... 7-3

7.5 Lamp Replacement...................................................................................... 7-3

7.6 Replacement Parts ...................................................................................... 7-3

ii

Introduction

Product Description

1

Section 1

Introduction

1.1 Product Description

The Model 07-444 Little Genius scanning densitometer is designed to be used with a Nuclear Associates
sensitometer to monitor film-processing performance. Little Genius is a battery and/or line operated unit
capable of automatically scanning 21 Step films and making single point density measurements.

The Little Genius measures and displays the step densities of a 21-step film. It calculates and displays
base + fog, maximum density, speed index, average gradient, relative speed and contrast index of the
processed film.

Model 07-444 allows the user to label and store measurement data for up to 20 film processors. The
measurements can be downloaded to an IBM PC compatible computer or printer via the RS-232
interface, located on the back panel of the units.

The stand-alone or graphics mode with its control chart features provides a quick method for tracking
daily film processor performance. Control chart values for 31 daily measurements with up to 20
processors can be stored in the Little Genius. Control charts may be as either index or gradient values.
Control charts and D log E curves may be output directly to a printer via the RS-232 interface.

1.2 Specifications

Film Measures Model 07-417 or X-Rite Model 21-step sensitometer format in

scan mode.

Range (Density) 0 to 4.0 OD

Accuracy (Density) 0 to 3 OD ± 0.02 OD units; .3.0 OD to 4.0 OD ± 1%

Repeatability (Density) ± 0.02 OD units

Power Line: 110 VAC with AC power converter

Part 14-301 (USA, Japan)
Input: 117 VAC, 60 Hz, 12 W
Output: 9 VDC, 500 mA

Part 14-399 (Europe)
Input: 230 VAC, 50 Hz
Output: 9 VDC, 500 mA, 4.5 VA

Part 14-415 (UK)
Input: 230 VAC, 50 Hz, 12.6 VA
Output: 9 VDC, 680 mA

Part 14-415, Part 14-416 (Australia)

Battery Six (6) 1.5 V alkaline

Displayed Message “Low Battery” Battery is below threshold unit will not operate - Replace

Batteries

Spectral Response Centered at approximately 540 nm

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Aperture Size 1.0 and 2.0 mm

Operating Conditions 10°C to 40°C (50°F to 104°F)

Maximum humidity of 90% non-condensing

Dimensions (H x W x D) 2.75 in x 3.2 in x 7.1 in (7 cm x 8.1 cm x 18 cm)

1.3 Receiving Inspection

Upon receipt of the unit:

1. Check the shipping carton(s) and their contents for in-shipment damage. If damage is evident, file
a claim with the carrier and notify Fluke Biomedical at 440.248.9300.

2. Check that all items listed on the packing slip are present and in good condition. If any items are
missing or damaged, contact Fluke Biomedical at 440.248.9300.

1.4 Storage

If necessary to store the unit prior to use, pack it in the original container(s), if possible, and store in an
environment free of corrosive materials, fluctuations in temperature and humidity, and vibration and
shock.

1.5 Routine Cleaning

Do not immerse the Model 07-444 Miniscan Scanning Densitometer. The unit is not waterproof. Liquid
could damage the circuits. The unit should be kept clean and free from dirt and contamination. The unit
may be cleaned by wiping with a damp cloth using any commercially available cleaning or
decontaminating agent.

1.6 Procedures, Warnings, and Cautions

The equipment described in this manual should be used only by persons who have been trained in the
proper interpretation of its readings.

Although the equipment described in this manual is designed and manufactured in compliance with all
applicable safety standards, certain hazards are inherent in the use of electronic and radiometric
equipment.

WARNINGS and CAUTIONS are presented throughout this document to alert the user to potentially
hazardous situations. A WARNING is a precautionary message preceding an operation that has the
potential to cause personal injury or death. A CAUTION is a precautionary message preceding an
operation that has the potential to cause permanent damage to the equipment and/or loss of data.
Failure to comply with WARNINGS and CAUTIONS is at the user's own risk and is sufficient cause to
terminate the warranty agreement between Fluke Biomedical, Radiation Management Services and the
customer.

Adequate warnings are included in this manual and on the product itself to cover hazards that may be
encountered in normal use and servicing of this equipment. No other procedures are warranted by Fluke
Biomedical. It shall be the owner's or user's responsibility to see to it that the procedures described here
are meticulously followed, and especially that WARNINGS and CAUTIONS are heeded. Failure on the
part of the owner or user in any way to follow the prescribed procedures shall absolve Fluke Biomedical
and its agents from any resulting liability.

1-2

Introduction

Procedures, Warnings, and Cautions

Indicated battery and other operational tests must be performed prior to each use to assure that the
instrument is functioning properly. If applicable, failure to conduct periodic performance tests in
accordance with ANSI N323-1978 (R1983) Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and
Calibration, paragraphs 4.6 and 5.4, and to keep records thereof in accordance with paragraph 4.5 of the
same standard, could result in erroneous readings or potential danger. ANSI N323-1978 becomes, by
this reference, a part of this operating procedure.

1

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Getting Started

Power

2

Section 2

Getting Started

2.1 Power

The Scanning Densitometers may be powered by batteries (with six 1.5 V alkaline batteries) or by AC line
power. An AC adapter is supplied with each unit. Connection for the adapter is located on the rear panel
of the unit.

2.2 Controls

The Little Genius Scanning Densitometer has four top panel controls:

1. An OFF/ON Power Switch.

2. A Push-button. (UP arrow)

3. A Push-button. (DOWN arrow)

4. An ENTER Push-button.

The Power Switch turns instrument power ON or OFF. When power is turned ON, the unit performs an
instrument self-check. When power is turned OFF, the unit saves all parameters and values entered
during the setup procedure.

Refer to Section 4 - Setup for procedures for
entering setup values and parameters.

The Push-button scrolls down through menu selections. The Push-button scrolls up through menu
selections. The ENTER Push-button accepts the displayed selection, parameter, value, etc.

NOTE

2.3 Display

A single-line, 16-character LCD Display displays measurement data, calculated values, and user
instructions.

2.4 RS-232 Interface

Access to the RS-232 Interface is via a phone jack located on the backside of the case top of the
densitometer. The interface is compatible with an IBM-compatible personal computer or a serial printer.
Connection to a parallel printer requires the use of a serial to parallel converter. The RS-232 connector
pinouts are listed in Table 2-1. Communication Parameters are set through the Setup Program (refer to
Section 4 - Setup).

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2.5 Operating Modes

Setup Mode

The Setup Mode allows the user to:

• Make a single point measurement

• Enter a Facility Title

• Calibrate the unit with a step wedge

• Clear the data log

• Set RS-232 and other communication parameters

• Set Graphics mode and control chart parameters

• Enter information into the data log

• Send all logged data out the communication port

Section 4 - Setup contains detailed information about the Setup Mode and specific setup procedures.

Table 2-1. RS-232 Connector Pinouts (DB-9 Pin)

Pin Signal

2
3
8
6,4
5

Transmit Output
Receive Input
DTR (Data Terminal Ready) Output
DSR (Data Set Ready) Input
Ground Signal

Single Measurement Mode

The Single Measurement Mode allows the user to make single step density measurements. The
procedure for making a single step measurement is outlined in Section 5 - Operation.

Scan Mode

The Scan Mode is the normal mode of operation for the Little Genius densitometer. Using this mode,
measurements of sensitometry films can be made and the results calculated, displayed, and stored for
later reference. Specific procedures for performing the Scan Mode functions are outlined in Section 5 -

Operation.

Automatic Power down Mode

The densitometer automatically switches to a Power down Mode when there is no user interaction (i.e.,
pressing keys) for a period of ten (10) minutes. This is a power conserving function and does not affect
the data stored in memory.

To reactivate the densitometer, turn the unit OFF and then back ON.

NOTE

The Automatic Power down function is NOT
activated when the densitometer receives power
through the AC Power Converter.

2-2

Functional Description

Optical Density Measurement

3

Section 3

Functional Description

This Section provides an overview of the functions performed by the Little Genius. Table 3-1 provides an
explanation of some of the terms used throughout this Instruction Manual.

3.1 Optical Density Measurement

The primary function of the Little Genius is to measure the optical density of test film that has been
exposed on a Nuclear Associates or X-Rite sensitometer. This consists of “21 step” measurements and a
base + fog measurement. The Densitometer is also capable of single-point measurements. In the single
measurement mode, the film is manually positioned with continuous display update.

3.2 Calculation of Significant Values

The Little Genius uses the readings taken during a measurement cycle to calculate/determine:

• Average Gradient

• Relative Speed

• Contrast Index

• Speed Index

• Maximum optical density

BF + AG

()

AG =

Average Gradient (AG) is defined as:

RL =

Relative Speed (RS) is defined as:

Calculating Average Gradient (AG) and Relative Speed (RS) is performed as follows:

1. Calculate (BF + AG Hi OD), (BF + AG Lo OD), and (BF + 1.0) where:

BF = Base Fog value.

AG Hi OD =

AG Lo OD =

2. Using interpolation if necessary, find the log relative exposure (LRE) corresponding to the each of

3. Determine AG and RL using the values calculated in Steps 1 and 2 in the appropriate equation.

LRE

()

BF+ 2.0

1

LRE

()

BF +10

the values calculated in Step 1.

HiOD

− BF + AG

()

− LRE

()

LoOD

BF +0.25

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The Contrast Index is defined as the density difference between the low contrast reference step and high
contrast reference step, a second point near the top of the straight-line portion of the curve. For most film
screen combinations, the High contrast reference point is step number 13 or 14, and the Low contrast
reference point is step 8.

The Speed Index density step is that step which produces a density closest to 1.0 above base + fog. For
most film screen combinations, the Speed Index is step number 10 or 11 and represents a density of
approximately 1.20. The same step is used for all measurements using the same film type.

The speed reference step and contrast reference steps for each file in the data log is set from the Setup
Program (refer to Section 4 - Setup).

3.3 Displaying Data

When operating the Little Genius in the stand-alone mode (i.e., Control Charts on), an automatic
comparison is made between the control chart items and the control chart limits defined in the chart file.
A value that exceeds its limit is flagged with either an "H" if the value is high or an "L" if the value is low.
When this condition is detected Chart Rng Error is displayed. See the Control Chart Setup on page 4-9
for further details.

On completion of a measurement cycle, the following values are available for display using the ∆ and ∆
front panel keys:

1. The Density Value at each of the 21 steps, displayed as:

∆

Step XX X.XX

2. The base + fog value, displayed as:

Base + Fog X.XX

.

∆

.

Table 3-1. Explanation of Terms

Term Explanation

Densitometer

Optical Density
Base + Fog (BF) Inherent density of a processed film plus additional density due to age or

Speed Index
Contrast Index Density difference between contrast reference point (generally Step 13 or 14) and

Sensitometer
Step Wedge Step tablet; wedge which provides varying optical densities, each marked with a

RS
LRE Log Relative Exposure; related to Step No. for Nuclear Associates step wedge

AG

D

max.

Instrument which measures optical density of exposed X-Ray film.

Diffuse transmission density; measure of light blocked by exposed film.

environmental conditions.
Density step with optical density closest to 1.00 + BF; generally Step 10 or 11.

speed index.
Instrument used with a step wedge to precisely expose X-Ray film.

step number; the density of each step increases with increasing step numbers.

The Nuclear Associates step tablet provides 21 steps with a step marker at the
mid-point of each step; Step No. relates to the log relative exposure as:
Log Relative Exposure =
Step No. X 0.15
Relative Speed.

as:
Log Relative Exposure =
Step No. X 0.15
Average Gradient.

Maximum Optical Density; largest optical density reading.

3-2

Functional Description

Displaying Data

3. The contrast index value is displayed as:

Cnt Index X.XX.

4. The speed index value is displayed as:

Spd Index X.XX.

5. The maximum optical density value is displayed as:

Dmax X.XX

6. The average gradient is displayed as:

Ave Grad X.XX

7. The relative speed is displayed as:

Rel Speed X.XX

8. The temperature is displayed as:

Temp XXX.X.

3.4 Data Logging

The Model 07-444 Little Genius densitometer stores measurements and other related information for up
to 20 film processors. The information is stored in a buffer file and is accessible for display and/or
reporting. The data log is continuously battery backed-up and should be manually cleared prior to each
series of new readings.

3

The control chart mode provides additional storage of up to 31 daily values for the chart items and related
information for each of the 20 log files. The control chart files should be cleared prior to new baseline
measurements. These files are used to provide control chart printouts.

3.5 Data Retrieval

All logged measurement data and calculated values that have been logged are available for display.
Logged data can be scrolled through using the front panel keys.

3.6 Data Reporting

Data reporting can be setup as automatic or manual through the Setup Program (refer to Section 4 ­Setup).

1. In the automatic mode, data is automatically sent to the RS-232 port after the completion of each
measurement cycle. The Temperature Entry prompt, if active in the Setup Mode, is ignored in the
Automatic Mode (i.e., the user is not prompted to enter the Temperature prior to data transfer).

2. The user can initiate communication of selected data, either logged data or data for the last
measurement cycle, by selecting Send Data using the front panel keys (refer to Section 5 -
Operation for details).

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3.7 Setup Program Functions

Setup Mode Functions include:

• Making a single point measurement

• Entering a Facility Title

• Calibrating the optical density with a step wedge

• Clearing the data log

• Setting RS-232 and other communication parameters

• Entering information into the data log

• Setting the step wedge type

• Setting the graphics and control chart parameters

• Sending all logged data out the communication port

Detailed information and specific procedures available from the Setup Mode are outlined in Section 4 ­Setup.

3.8 Calibration

The calibration function, accessible through the Setup Program, allows the user to calibrate optical
density using a reference step wedge (supplied with each unit). The calibration value is entered from the
front panel and then read from the Reference Step Wedge. Refer to Section 6 - Calibration for more
information.

3-4

Setup

Setup

Section 4

Setup

In the event of a static discharge induced lock-up of
the densitometer, it is necessary to reset the unit by
cycling the power (i.e. place the power switch to the
OFF position, then to the ON position). The unit
will power up in the normal operating mode.

The Little Genius densitometer uses a menu-driven Setup Program. The procedures outlined in this
Section start at the Setup Menu, step through the applicable procedure, and return to the Setup Menu.
Figures 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3 illustrate screen flow within the Setup Program.

To use the Setup Program:

NOTE

4

1. Make sure the Power Switch is in the OFF position.

2. Press and hold the ENTER push-button while turning the Power Switch to the ON position. The
following message will be displayed:

Self testing...

3. When the unit has completed the self-test, the following Setup Menu label will be displayed:

Single

4. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu labels.

5. Follow the procedures outlined in this section to edit the applicable setup parameters/values.

6. Exit the Setup Program as follows:

a. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu labels until Exit Setup Menu is displayed.

b. Press ENTER. The unit will return to the Scan Mode.

Selecting Single from the Setup Menu allows the
user to make single step density measurements.
This procedure is outlined in Section 5 -
Operation. Selecting Calibrate from the Set-Up
Menu allows the user to calibrate the optical density
using a step wedge. This procedure is outlined in
Section 6 -Calibration.

NOTE

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4.1 Entering a Facility Title

This procedure allows the user to enter an alphanumeric string of characters for the Facility Title. The
entered title is printed each time data output is sent to a printer.

1. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu labels until Facility Title is displayed.

Single

Enter Enter

Autozero
Screen

Enter

ENTER
to Read

Enter

Density =
x.xx

Enter

Exit Setup
Menu

Enter

Scanning
Mode

Enter

Facility
Title

Enter
Facility
Title Screen

Calibrating
Done.

Calibrating...

Calibrate

Enter

Enter
Density
Screen

Enter

Autozeroing...

Enter to
Read

Enter

Clear
Data
Log

Clearing
Data...

Comm.
Fig. 4-2

Enter

Log
Setup
Fig. 4-3

Step
Wedge
Type

Enter

NAD Step Wedge
XRITE Step Wedge

Enter

Graphics
Set-up
(fig. 4-4)

Send All
Data

Enter

Sending
Data

Figure 4-1. Setup Menu

2. Press ENTER. The current title, with a cursor under the first character, will be displayed. If no title
is stored, you will see [_________________________].

3. To Enter/edit the Facility Title the following steps are followed:

a. Press or to scroll through the available character set.

b. Press ENTER to select the displayed character; the cursor will move to the next

character.

c. Repeat Steps a and b as required to enter up to 20 characters, including spaces.

NOTE

After the 20th character is selected, by pressing
ENTER, the display will return to the Setup Menu
and Exit Setup Menu will be displayed.

4.2 Clearing the Data Log

This procedure clears the data log of all stored information.

1. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu labels until Clear Data Log is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The following message will be displayed:

Clearing Data...

3. After a few seconds, the display will return to the Setup Menu and Calibrate will be displayed.

4-2

Setting Communication Parameters

4.3 Setting Communication Parameters

From the Communications Menu, the user can set/edit the following parameters:

• Output Type (Factory Setting: Computer)

• Output Mode (Factory Setting: Manual)

• Baud Rate (Factory Setting: 9600)

• Parity (Factory Setting: None)

• Word Length (Factory Setting: 8 bits)

• Handshaking (Factory Setting: DSR Ignored)

Communications

Enter

Output
Type

Enter

Output
Mode

Enter

Enter

Printer/
Computer

Enter

Manual/
Automatic

Use the following procedure:

Baud Rate

Enter

Enter

9600, 1200,
2400, 4800

Parity

Enter

Enter

None/Space
Mark/Even/
Odd

Figure 4-2. Communications Menu

Clear
Data Log

Word
Length

Enter

Enter

7 Bits/
8 Bits

Enter

Exit
Comm.
Menu

Hand­shaking

Enter

Enter

DSR
Required/
DSR Ignored

Setup

4

1. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu labels until Communications is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The following message will be displayed:

Output Type.

3. Follow the procedures outlined below to edit applicable setup parameters/values.

4. Exit the Communications Menu as follows:

a. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu labels until Exit Com. Menu is displayed.

b. Press ENTER. The display will return to the Setup Menu and Clear Data Log will be displayed.

Output Type

The selected output type tells the Densitometer whether the RS-232 port is connected to a computer or a
printer:

1. Press or to scroll through the Communications Menu until Output Type is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The currently selected output type will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll through the available output types (Printer or Computer).

4. When the output device you are using is displayed, press ENTER to make the selection. The
display will return to the Communications Menu and Output Mode will be displayed.

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Output Mode

In the Manual Mode, data is transmitted upon user command to send data; in the Automatic Mode, data is
transmitted upon completion of the measurement cycle.

1. Press or to scroll through the Communications Menu until Output Mode is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The currently selected output mode will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll through the available output modes (Automatic or Manual).

NOTE

When Automatic is the selected mode, user
temperature entry is not permitted, regardless of
whether it is enabled/disabled from the Log Setup
Menu.

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed output mode. The display will return to the Communications
Menu and Baud Rate will be displayed.

Baud Rate

1. Press or to scroll through the Communications Menu until Baud Rate is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The currently selected baud rate will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll through the available baud rates (9600, 1200, 2400, and 4800).

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed baud rate. The display will return to the Communications
Menu and Parity will be displayed.

Parity

1. Press or to scroll through the Communications Menu until Parity is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The currently selected parity will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll through the available choices (None, Space, Mark, Even, and Odd).

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed parity. The display will return to the Communications Menu
and Word Length will be displayed.

Word Length

1. Press or to scroll through the Communications Menu until Word Length is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The currently selected word length will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll through the available choices (7 bits or 8 Bits).

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed word length. The display will return to the Communications
Menu and Handshaking will be displayed.

Handshaking

1. Press or to scroll through the Communications Menu until Handshaking is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The currently selected choice will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll through the available choices (DSR Required or DSR Ignored).

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed choice. The display will return to the Communications Menu
and Exit Com. Menu will be displayed.

4-4

Setup

Log Setup

4.4 Log Setup

From the Log Setup Menu, the user can:

• Set/edit the File Name

• Set/edit the Contrast Reference Step

• Set/edit the Speed Reference Step

• Enable/disable the temperature entry function for each of 20 files

Use the following procedure:

1. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu labels until Log Setup is displayed.

Communications

Enter

Exit
Log Setup

Change
Name

Enter Enter Enter Enter

Chg Spd
Ref Step

Chg Cnt
Ref Step

Enter Enter Enter Enter

Edit Name
Screen

Speed
Reference
Step Screen

Contrast
Reference
Step Screen

Figure 4-3. Log Setup Menu

2. Press ENTER. The Log Setup Menu will be displayed:

File 01 YYYY.

where YYYY is a 20 character or less name previously entered for the File 01.

NOTE

YYYY will be blank if the File 01 has not been
previously named.

3. Press or to scroll through the Log Setup Menu labels until the name of the file to be edited is
displayed:

File XX YYYY.

where XX is the File No. and YYYY is a 20 character or less name previously entered for the File.

Log Setup

Enter

File xx YYY

Exit File

Chg Temp
On/Off

Temp
On/Off

4

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NOTE

YYYY will be blank if the file has not been
previously named.

4. Press ENTER. The File Parameters Menu will be displayed:

Change Name.

5. Press or to scroll through the parameters available for editing.

6. Follow the procedures outlined in this section to edit applicable setup parameters/values.

7. Exit the File Parameters Menu as follows:

a. Press or to scroll through the File Parameters Menu labels until Exit File XX is displayed,

where XX is the number of the active file.

b. Press ENTER. The display will return to the Log Setup Menu and File XX will be displayed,

where XX is the number of the next file available for editing.

8. Exit the Log Setup File Menu as follows:

a. Press or to scroll through the Log Setup Menu labels until Exit Log Setup is displayed.

b. Press ENTER. The display will return to the Setup Menu and Communications will be

displayed.

Entering a File Name

1. Press or to scroll through the File Parameters Menu until Change Name is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The current file number and name, with a cursor under the first character of the
name, will be displayed.

3. Enter/edit the file name as follows:

a. Press or to scroll through the available character set.

b. Press ENTER to select the displayed character; the cursor will move to the next character.

c. Repeat Steps a and b as required to enter 8 characters.

NOTE

When the 8th character is selected by pressing
ENTER, the display will return to the File
Parameters Menu and Chg. Spd Ref. Step will be
displayed.

Changing the Speed Reference Step

NOTE

The Speed Reference Step is factory set to Step

11.

1. Press or to scroll through the File Parameters Menu until Chg. Spd Ref. Step is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The following will be displayed.

Spd Ref. Step: XX

where XX is the step currently set as the speed reference step.

3. Press or to increase/decrease the displayed Step No.

4-6

Setup

Log Setup

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed Step No. The display will return to the File Parameters Menu
and Chg. Cnt Ref. Step will be displayed.

Changing the Contrast Reference Step

NOTE

The Contrast Reference Step is factory set to Step

13.

1. Press or to scroll through the File Parameters Menu until Chg. Cnt Ref. Step is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The following will be displayed.

Cnt Ref. Step: XX

where XX is the step currently set as the contrast reference step.

3. Press or to increase/decrease the displayed Step No.

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed Step No. The display will return to the File Parameters Menu
and Exit File XX will be displayed, where XX is the active file.

Changing the Average Gradient O.D.

NOTE

The Average Gradient high and low O.D. s are
factory set as follows:

Grad OD Hi:2.00

Grad OD Lo:0.25

1. Press or to scroll through the File Parameters Menu until Chg. Avg Grad is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The following will be displayed.

Grad OD Hi:2.00

3. Press or to increase/decrease the value of the cursor. Press ENTER to accept the current cursor
value and advance the cursor to the next digit. When the entry has been completed, the display will
advance to Grad OD Lo:0.25.

4. Press or to increase/decrease the value of the cursor. Press ENTER to accept the current cursor

value and advance the cursor to the next digit. When the entry has been completed, the display
will advance to the next chart item.

Changing the Relative Speed O.D.

NOTE

The Relative Speed O.D. is factory set as follows:

Speed O.D.:1.00

1. Press or to scroll through the File Parameters Menu until Change Rel Speed is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The following will be displayed.

Speed O.D.:1.00

3. Press or to increase/decrease the value of the cursor. Press ENTER to accept the current cursor
value and advance the cursor to the next digit. When the entry has been completed, the display
will advance to the next chart item.

Enabling/Disabling Temperature Entry

4

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1. Press or to scroll through the Main Menu until Chg. Temp On/Off is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The currently selected choice will be displayed: either Temperature On or
Temperature Off.

3. Press or to scroll through the available choices (Temperature On or Temperature Off).

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed choice. The display will return to the File Parameters Menu
and Exit File XX will be displayed, where XX is the active file.

NOTE

User temperature entry is only permitted when the
unit is in the Manual Mode. Therefore, if the unit is
in the Automatic Mode, the temperature entry
prompt will not be displayed after a film is scanned,
regardless of whether it has been enabled/disabled
in this procedure.

4.5 Sending Data to the Output Port

1. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu until Send All Data is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The message Sending Data... will be displayed, followed by transmission of all data
to the output port. The data will be sent to the selected output device (printer or computer running
Film-Pro software).

3. After completing the data transmission, the display will return to the Setup Menu and Log Setup will

be displayed.

4.6 Step Wedge Type

This procedure allows the user to select the type of step image that will be scanned. The type may be
changed by the user at any time without affecting previous readings. The selections are Nuclear
Associate Step Wedge and X-Rite Wedge. Scanning of step images produced by Model 07-417 Dual
Color Sensitometer or model 07-419 Dual Flash Sensitometer must be made with the NAD Step Wedge
selection.

1. Press or to scroll through the Main Menu labels until Step Wedge Type is displayed.

2. Press ENTER. The current selection will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll through the available selections (NAD Step Wedge or X-Rite Wedge).

4. Press ENTER to select the displayed output mode. The display will return to the Setup Menu and
Log Setup will be displayed

GRAPHICS MODE SETUP

The Graphics Mode offers the user the opportunity to set the Little Genius for stand-alone operation. In
this mode both D log E curves and control charts may be selected, allowing direct output to a printer. The
control chart feature provides a quick method of tracking daily film processor performance over a 31-day
period. The control chart mode may be activated or de-activated by the user.

1. Press or to scroll through the Main Menu labels until Graphics Setup is displayed. Press
ENTER.

2. Press or to scroll through the available selections (D log E Setup, Ctrl Chart Setup, Exit Graph
Setup)

3. Press ENTER to make the selection.

4-8

Setup

D log E Setup

4

4.7 D log E Setup

This procedure allows the user to select the units, either log relative exposure or step number, which
represent the X - axis (horizontal). The grid lines within the graph may be selected to be on or off. The
main menu selection Print D log E allows the user to print the curve for the active log file.

Grid Lines On Off

The grid lines that appear within the D log E graph may be turned on or off.

1. Press or to scroll through the Graphics Setup labels until D log E Setup is displayed.

2. Press ENTER.

3. Press or to scroll through the available selections until Grid Lines On Off is displayed.

4. Press ENTER. The current selection will be displayed.

5. Press or to scroll through the available selections (Grid Lines On, Grid Lines Off).

6. Press ENTER to select the displayed output mode. The display will return to the D log E Setup

Menu and Chg. LRE/Step Num. will be displayed.

Change LRE/STEP NUM.

The user to may select the units, either log relative exposure or step number, which represent the X - axis
(horizontal) on the printout.

1. Press or to scroll through the Graphics Setup labels until D log E Setup is displayed. Press

ENTER.

2. Press or to scroll through the available selections until Chg. LRE/Step Num. is displayed.

3. Press ENTER. The current selection will be displayed.

4. Press or to scroll through the available selections (Log Rel Exposure, Step Numbers).

5. Press ENTER to select the displayed output mode. The display will return to the D log E Setup
Menu and Exit D Log E will be displayed.

Control Chart Setup

The control chart feature provides a quick method of tracking daily film processor performance over a 31­day period. The control chart mode may be activated or de-activated by the user. When the control chart
mode is activated, the user is prompted to enter the date upon power up. All control chart data is date
stamped. The user has complete control over the baseline and deviation values for each chart item.
Control charts for up to 20 processors (chart files) may be stored and maintained for subsequent printing.

Each chart file can be independently cleared. Once the control chart file is full, i.e. 31 - daily scans have
been saved, subsequent scans cause the oldest to be cleared, and the latest to be saved. This assures
that the previous 31 daily scans are always available for printing. See PRINTING CONTROL CHARTS,
Section 5.6 for further details.

1. Press or to scroll through the Main Menu labels until Graphics Setup is displayed. Press
ENTER.

2. Press or to scroll through the available selections until Ctrl Chart Setup is displayed. Press
ENTER.

3. Press or to scroll through the available selections (Chg. Chart On/Off, Pick Chart File, Cng. Chart
Display, Exit Chart Setup)

4. Press ENTER to make the selection.

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4-10

Figure 4-4. Control Chart Setup Menu

Setup

D log E Setup

4

From After Last Scan

A

NOTE:
The items in the control chart are dependent upon
the "Change Chart Display" setting. Gradient
Chart Items are show in the flow chart.

Gradient Control Chart items: Average Gradient,
Relative Speed, Base + Fog, Max OD.

Index Control Chart items: Contrast Index, Speed
Index, Base + Fog, Max OD.

B

From Enter New Parameters

GRAD DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

SPEED DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

B + F DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

MAX OD DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

ENTER NEW
PARAMETERS

INCREMENT DECREMENT
ENTER VALUE

ENTER

INCREMENT DECREMENT
ENTER VALUE

ENTER

INCREMENT DECREMENT
ENTER VALUE

ENTER

INCREMENT DECREMENT
ENTER VALUE

ENTER

Previous
Menu
Level

GRAD BASE: X.XX

ENTER

GRAD DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

SPEED BASE: X.XX

ENTER

SEED DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

B + F BASE: X.XX

ENTER

B + F DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

MAX OD BASE: X.XX

ENTER

MAX OD DEV: 0.XX

ENTER

CLEAR CHART FILE

Figure 4-4. Control Chart Setup Menu (Continued)

NOTE:
Control chart items shown
represent "Gradient "
Display. When "Index"
display is selected, contrast
index and speed index
replace average gradient
and relative speed.

Previous
Menu
Level

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Operators Manual

Control Chart Mode ON/OFF

The user may select the control chart mode on, which allows data to be stored and compared to baseline
measurements and enables all control chart features. The control chart off selection disables all control
chart features and prompts, however, previously stored chart data is not affected.

Follow the steps under control chart setup before proceeding.

1. Press or to scroll through the Graphics Setup labels until Ctrl Chart Setup is displayed. Press
ENTER.

2. Press or to scroll through the available selections until Chg. Chart On/Off is displayed. Press
ENTER.

3. The current selection will be displayed.

4. Press or to scroll through the available selections (Ctrl Charts On, Ctrl Charts Off).

5. Press ENTER to select the displayed output mode. When the control charts on selection is made,
Verify day/month/year (i.e. 1 Jan. 93) is displayed. The user is required to enter the date. Press
or to increment or decrement the day, press ENTER, repeat for month and year.

6. The display will return to the Control Chart Setup Menu and Pick Chart File will be displayed.

Change Chart Display

The Change Chart Display menu selection allows the user to choose between Gradient and Index Control
Charts. This setting affects the display of all chart files, as well as items contained in the output to the
printer.

The gradient control chart contains the following items:

• Average Gradient

• Relative Speed

• Base & Fog

• Max OD

The index control chart contains the following items:

• Contrast Index

• Relative Speed

• Base & Fog

• Max OD

Follow the steps outlined in control chart setup before proceeding.

1. Press or to scroll through the Graphics Setup labels until Ctrl Chart Setup is displayed. Press
ENTER.

2. Press or to scroll through the available selections until Chg Chart Display is displayed. Press
ENTER.

3. The current selection will be displayed.

4. Press or to scroll through the available selections (Index Display, Gradient Display).

5. Press ENTER to select the control chart method displayed.

6. The display will return to the control chart setup menu and Exit Chart Setup will be displayed.

Chart File Setup

4-12

Setup

D log E Setup

This procedure allows the user to setup, maintain, and selectively clear the control chart files. The setup
of these files includes the automatic (Scan New Params) or manual (Enter New Params) entry of the
following parameters in Tables 4-1 and 4-2.

4

Table 4-1. Index Chart File

Chart Item Range

Contrast Index

Speed Index

Base + fog

Max. OD

Baseline
Deviation

Baseline
Deviation

Baseline
Deviation

Baseline
Deviation

0.00 - 4.00

0.02 - 3.98
(1)

0.00 - 4.00

0.02 - 3.98
(1)

0.00 - 4.00

0.02 - 3.98
(1)

0.00 - 4.00

0.02 - 3.98
(1)

Default
Setting

1.25

0.15

1.00

0.15

0.20

0.02

3.00

0.15

Table 4-2. Gradient Chart File

Chart Item Range

Average
Gradient

Relative speed

Base + fog

Max. OD

Baseline
Deviation

Baseline
Deviation

Baseline
Deviation

Baseline
Deviation

0.00 - 9.99

0.02 - 9.97
(1)

0.00 - 3.00

0.02 - 2.98
(1)

0.00 - 4.00

0.02 - 3.98
(1)

0.00 - 4.00

0.02 - 3.98
(1)

The deviation range is dependent on the baseline
value; the deviation must be less than half the
baseline value. This limit allows the control chart to
contain two deviation intervals above the baseline
and two below the baseline.

Default
Setting

2.00

0.15

1.00

0.15

0.20

0.02

3.00

0.15

NOTE

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Operators Manual

Follow the steps under control chart setup before proceeding.

1. Press or to scroll through the Graphics Setup labels until Ctrl Chart Setup is displayed. Press
ENTER.

2. Press or to scroll through the available selections until Pick Chart File is displayed. Press
ENTER.

3. The first chart file, File 01, will be displayed.

4. Press or to scroll through the available selections (chart files 01 through 20, Exit Chart Files).

5. Press ENTER to select the displayed chart file.

6. Press or to scroll through the available selections (Scan New Params, Enter New Params, Exit
File 01).

Scan New Parameters

This procedure allows the user to automatically setup the parameters in a chart file by scanning films
processed under optimum processor conditions. In this mode the user may select from 1 - 9 sensitometer
films that are averaged to determine the baseline values for each chart item. Upon completion, the user
is prompted to enter the deviation or accept the default deviation for each item (refer to “SET-UP AND
USE WITH X-RITE STEP WEDGES” on page 4-16 for X-Rite info).

Follow the steps under chart file setup before proceeding.

1. Press or to scroll through the selected file setup functions until Scan New Params is displayed.
Press ENTER.

2. No. of scans: "X" will be displayed. Where "X" is the previously selected no. of scans (from 1 to 9),
the default is 5. Press the UA or DA to increment or decrement and press ENTER to select the
desired no. of scans and begin the process.

3. Ready for scan 1 will be displayed. Press ENTER, Auto zeroing... will be displayed. Upon
completion of the auto zero phase...

4. Scan the film(s) according to step wedge type selection as follows:

4.8 Step Wedge Type - Nuclear Associates

Swipe film now! Will be displayed.

Load the film from the top of the unit, oriented so that step 1 (lowest density measured first, and gently
swipe it toward the bottom of the unit. The display of an error message may indicate an erroneous scan,
repeat this step if necessary.

4.9 Step Wedge Type - X-Rite

ENTER when ready will be displayed.

Load the film from the top of the unit, oriented so that step 1 (lowest density) is measured first, slide the
film into position so that the measurement area is between the film edge and the first step in the base +
fog region. Press ENTER. Pull film now! will be displayed. Gently swipe it toward the bottom of the unit.
The display of an error message may indicate an erroneous scan, repeat this step if necessary.

The X-Rite wedge is read via pattern recognition
and therefore the user must be consistent and
careful in scanning the wedge.

NOTE

4-14

Setup

Step Wedge Type-X-Rite

5. Analyzing data... will be displayed.

6. Ready for scan 2, 3, etc. will be displayed, repeat the scanning technique described above until the
previously selected number of scans has been completed.

7. The previous or default value will be displayed Grad Dev (or CIndx Dev): 0.XX. Edit the entry by
pressing or to increase or decrease the value at the cursor. Press Enter to accept the current
cursor value and advance the cursor to the next digit. When the entry has been completed the
display will advance to the next chart item.

8. The previous or default value will be displayed Speed Dev (or SIndx Dev): 0.XX. Edit the value as
previously described.

9. The previous or default value will be displayed B + F Dev: 0.XX. Edit the value as previously
described.

10. The previous or default value will be displayed Max OD Dev: 0.XX. Edit the value as previously
described. When the entry has been completed Enter New Params is displayed.

11. To exit file, press or to scroll through the available selections until Exit File XX is displayed.
Press ENTER.

12. To review the chart file values, press or to scroll through the available selections until Enter New
Params is displayed. Press ENTER. Continue to press ENTER to review each items baseline and
deviation. See section ENTER NEW PARAMETERS for further description.

Enter New Parameters

This procedure allows the user to manually setup the parameters in a chart file. User entry for each
baseline and deviation value may be entered. This mode may also be used at any time to review the
various values without changing them.

4

Follow the steps under chart file setup before proceeding.

1. Press or to scroll through the selected file setup functions until Enter New Params is displayed.
Press ENTER.

2. The previous or default value will be displayed Grad Base (or CIndx Base): X.XX. Edit the entry by
pressing or to increase or decrease the value at the cursor. Press Enter to accept the current
cursor value and advance the cursor to the next digit. When the entry has been completed the
display will advance to the next chart item.

3. The previous or default value will be displayed Grad Dev (or Cindx Dev): 0.XX. Edit the value as
previously described.

4. The previous or default value will be displayed Speed Base (or SIndx Base): X.XX. Edit the value
as previously described.

5. The previous or default value will be displayed Speed Dev (or SIndx Dev): 0.XX. Edit the value as
previously described.

6. The previous or default value will be displayed B + F Base: X.XX. Edit the value as previously
described.

7. The previous or default value will be displayed B + F Dev: 0.XX. Edit the value as previously
described.

8. The previous or default value will be displayed max OD Base: X.XX. Edit the value as previously
described.

9. The previous or default value will be displayed Max OD Dev: 0.XX. Edit the value as previously
described. When the entry has been completed Clear Chart File is displayed.

10. To exit file, press or to scroll through the available selections until Exit File XX is displayed.
Press ENTER.

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11. To review the chart file values, press or to scroll through the available selections until Enter New
Params is displayed. Press ENTER. Continue to press ENTER to review each items baseline and

deviation.

Clear Chart Files

This procedure allows the user to selectively clear a particular chart file. This feature is useful when a
new baseline is established and the file contains outdated measurements.

Follow the steps under chart file setup before proceeding.

1. Press or to scroll through the selected file setup functions until Clear Chart File is displayed.
Press ENTER.

2. Hold ENTER to Clear... is displayed. Press and hold ENTER to clear the selected file. Press or
to abort the clear command.

3. Clearing Data... is displayed. Upon completion Data Cleared is displayed.

4. Exit File XX is displayed. Press ENTER to exit the chart file.

Set-Up And Use With X-Rite Step Wedges

Little Genius may be used to evaluate test films generated by X-Rite sensitometers. A specific technique
is required to properly scan these types of films. Little Genius can resolve images over a wide range of
exposures and scanning rates.

There are two types of X-Rite sensitometers that produce step wedges that can be read by the Little
Genius. Although the image produced by both units is nearly identical, the placement of the image on the
test film is different. One unit provides an image with the steps centered at approximately 7 mm from the
edge of the film, while the other unit places the image at 18 mm from the edge of the film. Two film
guides are supplied with Little Genius, one for the 7 mm type and another for the 18 mm type. The
standard film guide (18 mm type) is also used for the Nuclear Associates type step wedges (see Figure 4-

5).

Film Edge

Film Edge

7 mm

18 mm

ab

a ) X-Rite Model 334
b ) X-Rite Model 383 & 384 & Victoreen Sensitometers

Figure 4-5. Standard Film Guide

4-16

Setup

Selecting The Appropriate Film Guide

4.10 Selecting The Appropriate Film Guide

Examine a sample film and determine the distance from the film edge to the center of the step wedge
image. Select either the 7 mm or the 18 mm film guide and install by pressing the guide into the light
table (see Figure 4-6).

7 mm Film Guide

Figure 4-6. Film Guide Selection

18 mm Film Guide

4.11 Selecting The Step Wedge Type

1. Place the Power Switch into the OFF position.

2. Press and hold the ENTER push-button while turning the Power Switch to the ON position. The

following message will be displayed: Self testing...

4

When the unit has completed the self-test, the following setup Menu label will be displayed: Single

3. Press the up arrow or down arrow to scroll through the Main Menu labels until Step Wedge Type is
displayed.

4. Press ENTER. The current selection will be displayed.

5. Press the up arrow or down arrow to scroll through the available selections (NAD Step Wedge or X-
Rite Wedge) until X-Rite Wedge is displayed.

6. Press ENTER to select X-Rite Wedge. The unit will operate in the X-Rite Wedge mode indefinitely,
until manually re-selected by the user.

4.12 X-Rite Scanning Technique

Use the following procedure to make automatic 21-step density measurements:

1. Turn the Power Switch to the ON position. The following message will displayed: Self testing...

2. After the self-check is complete, the active File No. will be displayed.

3. Press the up arrow or down arrow key to scroll the display to Scan Film.

4. Press ENTER. The unit will auto zero and display the following message: Auto zeroing...

The film must not be positioned in the densitometer
while the unit is auto zeroing.

Upon completion of the auto zeroing cycle, ENTER when ready will be displayed.

NOTE

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Operators Manual

5. Within 5 seconds, load the film from the top of the unit, oriented so that step 1 (lowest density) is
measured first (see Figure 4-7).

NOTE

The unit will time-out after 5 seconds and the scan
cycle must start over from step 3.

ENTER when ready

Figure 4-7. Film Orientation

NOTE

User must leave sufficient space between Stop #1
and the edge of the film so that the Little Genius
can read B+F w/o reference (see figure on the
following page).

6. Slide the film into position so that the measurement area (aperture) on the densitometer is between
the film edge and step 1, in the base+fog region (see Figure 4-8).

Figure 4-8. Film Position

7. Press ENTER.

rate should be between 1 and 5 seconds. If the film is swiped too slowly, i.e. over 5 seconds, or too quickly,
under 1 second, the message
repeat the scanning process.

Pull film now!

will be displayed. Gently swipe the film toward the bottom of the unit. The scan

Couldn’t resolve

will be displayed. Adjust your swipe speed accordingly, and

NOTE

4-18

Setup

X-Rite Scanning Technique

The unit will time-out after 5 seconds and the scan
cycle must start over from step 4.

NOTE

Position the film so that the lowest density steps
enter the Densitometer first, i.e., Step 1 - 21. Avoid
jerky movement of the film through the
Densitometer.

8. When 21-steps and base + fog measurements are complete, the unit will display the following

message:

Analyzing Data...

9. When data analysis is complete, if Chg. Temp On is selected in the Log Setup Menu, the following
will be displayed:

Temp = 000.0

10. Enter a value for the temperature as follows:

Press or to scroll through the available digits (0 - 9).

Press ENTER to select the displayed digit; the cursor will move to the next character.

Repeat Steps a and b as required to enter three digits.

11. When data analysis and temperature entry (if applicable) is complete, the File No. and name will be
displayed. If the automatic transmit mode is selected (see Section 4 - Setup), the data will be
automatically transmitted through the RS-232 port.

NOTE

The data, including the entered temperature, is
available for display using the or keys. (Refer to
Displaying Logged Data.)

12. Repeat Steps 3 through 12 as necessary to make additional measurements.

NOTE

After Auto Zeroing is complete, the measurement
must be made within approximately 5 seconds.

NOTE

Observe the display while swiping the film, if
analyzing data... is indicated on the display before
the step image passes completely over the
aperture the unit will not resolve the image.
Increase the swipe speed slightly to correct this
problem.

Maximum resolution is achieved by adjusting the
swipe speed so that the step image passes over
the aperture just before the message analyzing
data is shown on the display. A film swipe speed of
3 seconds permits the unit to acquire the maximum
number of samples, prior to analyzing the data.

4

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(Blank page)

Operation

Single Step Measurements

Section 5

Operation

In the event of a static discharge induced lock-up of
the densitometer, it is necessary to reset the unit by
cycling the power (i.e. place the power switch to the
OFF position, then to the ON position). The unit
will power up in the normal operating mode.

This Section provides step-by-step procedures for the making single-step density measurements,
including:

• Making 21-step density measurements

• Displaying logged data

• Reporting logged data

Refer to Section 7 - Maintenance and
Troubleshooting for a description of Displayed Error
Messages.

NOTE

NOTE

5

5.1 Single Step Measurements

Use the following procedure to make single step density measurements:

1. Make sure the Power Switch is in the OFF position.

2. Press and hold the ENTER push-button while turning the Power Switch to the ON position. The
following message will be displayed:

Self testing...

3. When the unit has completed the self-test, the following setup Menu label will be displayed:

Single.

4. Press ENTER. The unit will auto zero and display the following message:

Auto zeroing...

5. After zeroing is complete, the density will be displayed:

Density = 0.00

6. Position the film or step wedge so that the area to be measured is over the aperture (Figure 5-1).

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Operators Manual

Figure 5-1. Aperture Location

NOTE

After Auto Zeroing is completed, measurements
must be made within approximately 30 seconds.

7. Repeat step 6 as necessary to make additional measurements.

5.2 Automatic 21-Step Measurements

Use the following procedure to make automatic 21-step density measurements: (refer to “SETUP AND
USE WITH X-RITE STEP WEDGES” for X-Rite info)

1. From the power off state, turn the Power Switch to the ON position. The following message will be

displayed:

Self testing...

2. After the self-check is complete, the active File No. will be displayed.

3. Press or to scroll the display to Scan Film.

4. Press ENTER. The unit will auto zero and display the following message:

Auto zeroing...

Step Wedge Type - NAD

Swipe film now! will be displayed.

Load the film from the top of the unit, oriented so that step 1 (lowest density measured first, and gently
swipe it toward the bottom of the unit. The display of an error message may indicate an erroneous scan,
repeat this step if necessary.

Step Wedge Type - X-Rite

ENTER when ready will be displayed.

Load the film from the top of the unit, oriented so that step 1 (lowest density) is measured first, slide the
film into position so that the measurement area is between the film edge and the first step in the base +
fog region. Press ENTER. Pull film now! will be displayed. Gently swipe it toward the bottom of the unit.
The display of an error message may indicate an erroneous scan, repeat this step if necessary.

5-2

Operation

Automatic 21-Step Measurements

NOTE

Position the film so that the lowest density steps
enter the Densitometer first, i.e., Step 1 - 21. Avoid
jerky movement of the film through the
Densitometer.

5. When 21-steps and base + fog measurements are complete, the unit will display the following
message:

Analyzing Data...

6. When data analysis is complete, if Chg. Temp On is selected in the Log Setup Menu, the following
will be displayed:

Temp = 000.0

7. Enter a value for the temperature as follows:

Press or to scroll through the available digits (0 - 9).

Press ENTER to select the displayed digit; the cursor will move to the next character.

Repeat Steps a and b as required to enter three digits.

8. When data analysis and temperature entry (if applicable) is complete, the File No. and name,

selected in Step 7, will be displayed. If the automatic transmit mode is selected (see Section 4 -
Setup), the data will be automatically transmitted through the RS-232 port.

NOTE

The data, including the entered temperature, is
available for display using the or keys. (Refer to
Displaying Logged Data.)

9. Repeat Steps 3 through 12 as necessary to make additional measurements.

NOTE

After Auto Zeroing is complete, the measurement
must be made within approximately 5 seconds.

5

5.3 Displaying Logged Data

The Densitometer allows the user to view all stored data for the active file. In order to view data for a
specific file, the file must be selected as the active file.

1. Press or to scroll the display to Select Log Entry.

2. Press ENTER. A File No. and name will be displayed:

File XX YYYY

where XX is the currently active File No. and YYYY is the name of the currently active file as entered

in the Setup Program.

3. Press or to scroll the list of files.

4. Press ENTER to select the file to activate. The following message will be displayed:

Entry selected

The File No. and File Name will be re displayed.

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Operators Manual

5. Press to scroll down through logged data as follows:

NOTE

Press — to scroll up through logged data.

a. Press . The following will be displayed:

base + fog X.XX D

b. Press . The following will be displayed:

Step 1 X.XX D

c. Repeat Step b as required to display density values to Step 21.

d. Press . The following will be displayed:

Temp XXX.X D

e. Press . The following will be displayed:

Rel. Speed X.XX

f. Press . The following will be displayed:

Ave Grad X.XX

g. Press . The following will be displayed:

Dmax X.XX D

h. Press . The following will be displayed:

Spd Index X.XX D

i. Press . The following will be displayed:
Cnt Index X.XX D
j. Press . The following will be displayed:
Send Data
k. Press . The following will be displayed:
Select Log Entry
l. Press . The following will be displayed:
Scan Film

m. Press . The File No. and Name will be re displayed.

6. Repeat Steps 1 through 5 as necessary to view additional files.

5.4 Reporting Logged Data

Use the following procedure to send all data logged in the currently active file to the output port:

1. Press or to scroll the display to Select Log Entry.

2. Press ENTER. A File No. and Name will be displayed:

File XX YYYY

where XX is the currently active File No. and YYYY is the name of the currently active file.

3. Press or to scroll the list of files.

4. Press ENTER to select the file to activate. The following message will be displayed:

Entry selected

The File No. and Name will be re displayed.

5. Press or to scroll the display to Send Data.

5-4

Operation

Reporting Logged Data

6. Press ENTER. The following message will be displayed:

Sending Data...

7. When transmission is complete, the File No. and Name will be re displayed.

8. Repeat Steps 1 through 7 to output data from other files as necessary.

5.5 Printing a D Log E Curve

The Little Genius allows the user to output a D Log E curve directly to a printer. See the D log E Setup
section for further description.

1. Press or to scroll through the menu until Select Log Entry is displayed. Press ENTER.

2. The active file will be displayed as File XX or a previously entered user label. Press or to scroll
through the file list and press ENTER to select the displayed file.

3. Entry selected... will be displayed, followed by the currently active file. Press or to scroll through
the menu until Print D Log E is displayed. Press ENTER.

4. The message Sending data... will be displayed.

5.6 Printing Control Charts

5

The Little Genius allows the user to output the control charts directly to a printer. See the Control Chart
Setup section for further description.

1. Press or to scroll through the menu until Select Log Entry is displayed. Press ENTER.

2. The active file will be displayed as File XX or a previously entered user label. Press or to scroll
through the file list and press ENTER to select the displayed file.

3. Entry selected... will be displayed, followed by the currently active file. Press or to scroll through
the menu until Print Ctrl Chart is displayed. Press ENTER.

4. The message Sending data... will be displayed.

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Operators Manual

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Calibration

Calibration

Section 6

Calibration

The 5-Step Reference Step Wedge is used to calibrate the Densitometer. The calibration point is
generally Step 4.

The following procedure allows calibration of the optical density of the Scanning Densitometer:

1. Be sure the Power Switch is in the OFF position.

2. Press and hold the ENTER push-button while turning the Power Switch to the ON position. The
following message will be displayed:

Self testing...

3. When the unit has completed the self-test, the following Setup Menu label will be displayed:

Single.

4. Press or to scroll through the Setup Menu until Calibrate is displayed.

5. Press ENTER. The current calibration density is displayed with the cursor under the first digit of the
density value:

Density = X.XX

6. Edit the density value as follows:

a. Press or to increase/decrease the value at the cursor.

b. Press ENTER to select the displayed value; the cursor will move to the second digit.

c. Press or to increase/decrease the value at the cursor.

d. Press ENTER to select the displayed value; the cursor will move to the third digit.

e. Press or to increase/decrease the value at the cursor.

f. Press ENTER to select the displayed value; the unit will auto zero and display the following

message:

Auto zeroing...

7. After zeroing is complete, the following message will be displayed:

ENTER to read.

8. Position the step wedge so that the area to be measured is over the aperture, with the emulsion
side UP.

9. Press ENTER. The following message will be displayed:

Calibrating....

10. When calibration is complete, Calibrating done will be displayed briefly. The display will then return
to the Setup Program Menu and Facility Title will be displayed.

11. Scroll through the Setup Menu until the message SINGLE is displayed. Measure each step to
verify the correct calibration.

After Auto Zeroing is completed, the measurement
must be made within approximately 30 seconds.

NOTE

6

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Operators Manual

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Maintenance and Troubleshooting

General

Section 7

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

7.1 General

NOTE

This instrument contains CMOS integrated circuits.
Static charge normally present in a dry atmosphere
or leakage current in soldering irons or other non­grounded tools can instantly destroy CMOS
components. Do not attempt to remove or replace
ICs in this device without observing anti-static and
leakage current precautions. Service should be
performed only by a technician thoroughly familiar
with CMOS devices.

As with any precision instrument, certain precautions and periodic maintenance procedures are
necessary. Observe the following:

7

1. Keep the underside of the photo head clean, using alcohol and a soft cloth as required. DO NOT,
UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, USE ANY OTHER SOLVENT.

2. Periodically check the alignment of the aperture and the photo head. Misalignment may be due to:

a. Dropping the instrument.

b. Using excessive pressure to hold the instrument closed.

c. Letting the top section "slam" in the open position.

If the photo head and aperture are severely out of
alignment, return the unit to Fluke Biomedical for
service.

NOTE

7.2 Photo Head Alignment

Proper photo head alignment is critical. Adjustments can be made by slowly tightening or loosening the
four (4) adjustment screws, visible when holding the top section of the unit open.

Proper adjustment is achieved when the photo head is parallel to the surface of the light table and the
gap is just wide enough to allow the film to slide through with slight resistance. Always check the
calibration after making photo head adjustments.

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Operators Manual

7.3 Displayed Error Messages

Refer to Table 7-1 for a description of error messages that may be displayed during operation or setup of
the Densitometer.

Table 7-1. Displayed Error Messages

Message Description Corrective Action

Low Battery Battery voltage is below threshold;

unit will not operate.

DSR Invalid DSR line (DTR from computer)

indicates that the computer is not
ready to accept data.

Scanning Halted Scanning process halted for one of

following reasons:

- Text on film edge.

- Jerky movement of film through
Densitometer.

- Improperly positioned step
wedge on test film.

- Very dim marks on the test film.

- Missing marks above steps on
test film.

Too Many Marks More than 21 step marks detected. Check that test film is properly marked.

Invalid Data One or more of 22 readings is

greater than 4:005.
B + F value = 0.00
The relative speed is not
calculated.
The average gradient is not
calculated.

Couldn't resolve 21 steps could not be identified for

one of the following reasons:

Jerky movement of film through

the densitometer.

Improperly positioned step

wedge on test film.

Timed Out Film not read within 20 seconds. Position film and take reading within 20

Replace batteries.

Check that DTR line from computer is
connected properly.
Disable DSR via Setup Program.

Slide film in edgewise to prevent text
from passing over the measurement
area.

Smooth movement of test film through
densitometer.

Check that distance from edge of film to
center of step is 16.1 mm.

Increase exposure of test film.
Check that test film is properly marked.

Determine incorrect value by viewing log
file (X.XX indicates an erroneous value).
NOTE: If any of 22 readings are above

4.00, the relative speed and average
gradient are not calculated.

Repeat the scan

Smooth movement of test film through
Densitometer.
Check that distance from edge of film to
center of step is 16.1 mm.

seconds.

7-2

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Battery Replacement

7.4 Battery Replacement

Use the following procedure to replace the batteries:

1. Turn the On/Off Switch to the OFF position.

2. Unplug the unit from the power converter.

3. Remove the bottom cover plate by removing the four screws securing it to the unit.

4. Remove and discard the used batteries.

5. Insert 6 AA alkaline replacement batteries, observing proper polarity.

NOTE

Use only Alkaline batteries to ensure operation of
the unit.

6. Replace and secure the bottom cover plate using the screws removed in Step 3.

7.5 Lamp Replacement

7

Use the following procedure to replace the lamp.

1. Turn the On/Off Switch to the OFF position.

2. Unplug the unit from the power converter.

3. Remove the bottom cover plate by removing the four screws securing it to the unit.

4. Remove the two screws on the lamp circuit board.

5. Remove and discard the used lamp.

6. Install the new lamp.

7. After soldering the new lamp in place, trim the excess leads from the lamp on the bottom side of the
board.

8. Replace and secure the lamp circuit board using the screws removed in Step 4.

9. Replace and secure the bottom cover plate using the screws removed in Step 3.

7.6 Replacement Parts

Replacement parts are listed in Tables 7-2.

Table 7-2. Lamp PCB Replacement Parts (169040)

Reference Part No. Description Qty

LMP2 680041A LAMP 1

D12 65-139 OPTOELECTRIC DIODE 1

BAT 750003

MN1500, 1.5v AA ALKALINE
BATTERY

6

7-3

Fluke Biomedical

Radiation Management Services

6045 Cochran Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44139

440.498.2564

www.flukebiomedical.com/rms