All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or disclosed in any form
or by any means.
Processing the material below may not involve specific responsibilities for unintentional
errors or omissions.
The information given in this publication is continuously updated; Fiat Auto S.p.A.
disclaims all responsibilities for any errors, omissions, damage or loss that might result
from the use of outdated information.
This publication is issued for training purposes only.
Exhaustive, updated technical information for servicing purposes can be found in the
service manual and any other service information for the vehicle model concerned.
2. DATI TECNICI................................................................................................................................................... 2
2.1.1 Dati caratteristici ....................................................................................................................................... 2
2.3 CAMBIO DI VELOCITA’................................................................................................................................. 2
3.1 MOTORE 3.0................................................................................................................................................... 2
3.1.5 Alberi della distribuzione.......................................................................................................................... 2
3.1.12 Impianto di scarico.................................................................................................................................. 2
6.1. Diagnosi con Examiner................................................................................................................................ 2
After the sales launch in June 2006, the new Fiat Ducato range is complemented by new features for
improved versatility and efficiency.
The range of engine versions is complemented by the 157 bhp 3.0 Multijet engine combined with the new
M40 gearbox.
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The new self-levelling rear air suspension offers great comfort and consistent chassis attitude under all
loading conditions (vehicle laden or unladen, load distributed evenly or unevenly). In addition, the rear
loading sill can be lowered to facilitate loading and unloading and the rear end can be raised to improve
ramp breakover angle and/or increase ground clearance when driving over an obstacle.
The new rear-view parking camera system with in-cab display provides better rear visibility when
manoeuvring.
Lastly, the new Ducato can be equipped with a digital tachograph to monitor vehicle usage, a convenient
feature for companies that operate large fleets of vehicles
2. TECHNICAL DATA
2.1 ENGINE
2.1.1 Characteristic data
Type code
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SofimF1CE048ID
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Cycle
Number and arrangement of
cylinders
Piston diameter and stroke
(mm)
Total displacement
Check tyre condition / check for wear,
adjust tyre pressure (if needed).
Check operation of lighting system
(headlamps, indicators, emergency lights,
luggage compartment/passenger & driver
compartment lights; instrument panel
warning lights, etc.).
Check operation of windscreen wiper &
washer; adjust nozzles if necessary.
Check positioning/wear of windscreen
wipers
Check brake pads for wear; check front
and rear disk pad wear indicator for proper
operation (if fitted)
Visually inspect the conditions and
soundness of body outside, underbody
protection, rigid and flexible pipe lengths
(exhaust, fuel feed and brake pipes and
hoses), rubber parts (boots, sleeves,
bushes, etc.)
Visually inspect the accessory drive belts
45 90 135 180 225
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ +
Check the fluid levels (engine cooling,
brakes, windscreen washer, battery, etc.)
and top up, if necessary
Check the handbrake lever travel and
adjust as required
Check that the locks are clean and the
levers clean/lubricated
Measure exhaust emissions/smoke
Check operation of engine control systems
(via the diagnostic connector)
Service must be performed every 30000 km if the vehicle is chiefly used in any of the following particularly
harsh conditions:
Towing trailer or caravan;
Dusty roads;
Frequent short trips (less than 7-8 km) with outside temperatures below freezing;
Engine frequently left idling or running long distances at low speed (door-to-door delivery for example),
The engine mounts connect engine and body.
They are designed to withstand engine weight and torque loads.
Engine mounts feature blocks made of metal and rubber that dampen engine vibration so as to
significantly reduce the amount of vibration transmitted to the body.
TYPE
The engine support system is a special baricentre system.
The engine is retained by two mounts (one on gearbox side and one on timing gear side) and a torque
linkage
.
3.1.3 Crankcase and lower block
The crankcase is made of cast iron.
There are five main bearing housings.
Suitable coolant and oil galleries are provided in the crankcase walls.
Spray jets installed in crankcase bottom use engine oil to cool the pistons and lubricate the piston pins.
Crankcase and lower block are sealed with sealant.
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1 – Flexible mount, gearbox side
2 – Mounting bracket, gearbox side
3 – Rear mounting bracket
4 – Flexible mount, timing gear side
5 – Mounting bracket, timing gear side
The one-piece cylinder head is made from aluminium-silicon alloy.
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Valve opening is controlled by two chain-driven hollow-section overhead camshafts; cams are fitted onto
the shafts; camshafts are installed in the upper head section.
The four valves per cylinder are located in their respective guides and operated by rocker arms actuated
by the cams of the camshafts; hydraulic tappets keep the rocker arms in contact with the valves.
The valve guides are an interference fit in the seats in the cylinder head. The inner bore is bored to
specification after installation using a special boring tool.
Unlike cylinder heads with a prechamber, the whole combustion process occurs inside the combustion
chamber in the piston.
The cylinder head is made up of the following components:
The head accommodates: intake ports; exhaust ports; valve passages; coolant galleries; oil galleries;
injector holes, glow plug holes, bolt holes for fastening to the engine block.
The head is installed on top of the cylinders; the aluminium alloy construction combines such advantages
as ligthweight, compression strength and high heat conduction.
Two centring bushes ensure correct location of the upper head section.
Head gasket
The gasket between cylinder head and crankcase is composed of three layers of stainless steel coated
with special heat-resistant rubber material.
While head gaskets of three different thicknesses are used at the factory, replacement gaskets come in
one standard thickness only. Factory gaskets are differentiated by notches as follows
- 1 notch : thickness class 1
- 2 notches: thickness class 2
- 3 notches: thickness class 3
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1 – Head gasket
2 – Thickness class notches
3.1.5 Camshafts
The timing sensor detects the position of the intake camshaft drive gear to determine the current phase
of engine operation.
The timing sensor is located on the engine oil filler cover on the upper head section.
The camshafts are made from steel and feature a
hollow design
The crankshaft is made of carbon steel and rests on five main bearing housings with plain bearings
in-between.
Crankshaft end float is determined by the half bearing housed at the central main bearing housing.
Eight counterweights set at 180° balance the rotating masses to provide perfect engine balance.
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1 – Crankshaft
2 – Central main bearing (incorporates end
float adjustment)
3 – Main bearings
4 – Oilway hole
The dual-mass flywheel is secured to the crankshaft by 8 screws.
The flywheel has 3 centring pins for the clutch mechanism
The flywheel is an energy storage device that stores energy during the power stroke and gives up energy
during the combustion stroke to smooth out engine rotation.
Flywheel size is designed to enable engine idling and overcome friction developed during idling.The DVA
dual-mass flywheel (or clutch flywheel) consists of two separate masses for crankshaft and gearbox main
shaft with a torsional damping system in-between.
Resonance points, normally found in the 800 to 2200 rpm range with conventional flywheels, occur at lower
rpms, namely outside the operating range.
This flywheel design offers the following advantages over conventional flywheels:
- pulsing engine power is dampened resulting in less transmission noise;
- less overall noise translates into less in-cab noise.
The clutch disk (with springs) located between the dual-mass flywheel and the gearbox has lower inertia
to enable smoother gearshifts.
3.1.8 Pistons and connecting rods
CONSTRUCTION
The pistons are obtained from aluminium alloy castings; the connecting rods are forged from hardened
and tempered steel and split to obtain the con rod caps by the fracture splitting method.
The pistons have a recess for the combustion chamber.
The pistons and con rod small ends are joined by floating piston pins. Piston pins are restrained by two
circlips fitted in grooves in the piston pin sleeves.
1 – Mass integral with crankshaft.
2 – Mass integral with gearbox main shaft.
To ensure correct piston position, the mark on the piston must be pointing to the timing gear side
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1 – Piston
2 – Piston pin
3 – Circlips
4 – Connecting rod
5 – Con rod bearings
6 – Piston mark for correct installation
1 – Connecting rod
2 – Con rod cap
The aluminium alloy pistons are grouped
into two size classes and have a mark on
the crown to indicate correct mounting
position
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1 – Engine type
2 – Piston class
3 – Supplier
4 – Mounting position of piston inside the
cylinder barrel
The piston is made up of two main components:- head, or area where the piston rings sit; its diameter is
slightly smaller than the cylinder bore to accommodate heat expansion; the piston crown features the
valve pockets and recessed combustion chambers,
- the skirt, which acts as a guide for the con rod small end which withstands its axial thrust. The skirt
accommodates two sleeves for the piston pin and a groove matching the piston cooling jet in the
crankcase.
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Piston (1) and connecting rod (2) with con
rod cap must be assembled with piston
mark, connecting rod and con rod
positioned as shown in the figure.
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3.1.9 Camshaft drive
The timing system is a double overhead camshaft system with four valves per cylinder and hydraulic
tappets.
Drive is transmitted by two drive chains:
- a double 3/8” chain transmits drive from the crankshaft to the oil pump/vacuum pump and high pressure
pump shafts;
- a single chain transmits drive from the high pressure pump shaft to the camshafts.
The camshaft drive gears are interchangeable and feature slots for the sensor.
Each rocker arm is kept in contact with its valve by a cam and hydraulic tappet to eliminate the need for
periodic adjustments
The intake air is filtered and conveyed to the exhaust gas turbocharger; before reaching the engine, the
compressed air is cooled in the air-air heat exchanger (Intercooler).
The following figure schematically illustrates the main elements comprising the air supply circuit.
The turbocharger is of the fixed geometry type with waste-gate valve
1 – Compressor
2 – Turbine
3 – Air-operated exhaust gas bypass actuator
4 – Pressure pipe to control WASTE – GATE
valve
A – Air enters compressor
B – Air exits compressor
The fuel filter is fitted in the engine compartment near the fireproof bulkhead.
The filter is made of a plastic shell that contains a depth partition cartridge made of synthetic material,
which ensures high efficiency, long service life and effective water separation.
1 – Fuel inlet
2 – Fuel outlet
3 – Eectric connector for water presence
sensor
4 – Water drain screw
5 – Filter body
6 – Fuel temperature sensor connector
7 – Filter cartridge (sealing O-ring supplied)
8 – Cover gasket
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9 – Cover fixing ring nut
10 – Cover
11 – Spacer
12 – Rubber seal
13 – Ferromagnetic ring
14 – Gasket
15 – Float
16 – Water sensor
Diesel fuel is drawn from the tank by a 12 V electric pre-feed pump that provides adequate delivery to
lubricate and cool the Radialjet pump as well.
The Diesel fuel filter is installed between the electric pump and the Radialjet pump.
High-pressure hydraulic lines are steel pipes with 2 mm inner diameter and 6 mm outer diameter.
The fuel recirculated from pump and injectors is collected in a single pipe and delivered to the tank.
1 – Fuel tank
2 – Submerged pump assembly
3 – Pipe connecting tank with fuel filter
4 – Fuel filter
5 – Pipe connecting fuel filter with fuel pressure control valve
6 – Fuel pipe fitting
7 – Pipe connecting fuel pressure control valve with high pressure pump
4 – Pipe connecting high pressure pump with fuel manifold (Rail)
5 – Fuel pressure sensor
6 – Pipe connecting fuel manifold (Rail) with electro-injectors
7 – Fuel manifold (Rail)
8 – Return pipe from electro-injectors
9 – Plug
10 – Electro-injector
11 – Fuel pipe from filter
12 – Return to tank
High pressure pump
GENERAL’
The CP3.2 fuel pump of the Common Rail
system is called Radialjet pump because
pumping action is accomplished by three
pumping elements (pistons) arranged
radially in relation to the axis of rotation of
the pump shaft. The three pistons are
spaced 120° apart.
The quantity of fuel sent to the pumping
pistons is controlled by a pressure regulator
governed by the engine control unit
Pump pistons are operated by a rotating triangular cam integral with pump shaft. The rotating cam moves
a mechanical element (tappet) linking it to piston foot. Cam to tappet contact is ensured by a spring.
Each pumping unit has an intake valve and delivery ball valve. Fuel from the three delivery valves is
collected in a single point inside the pump and conveyed to a common manifold through a single duct. A
peculiar feature of this pump is that it is lubricated and cooled by the fuel circulating inside it or through
suitable ports.
Delivery pressure is controlled by a low-pressure solenoid valve installed at the pump inlet end so as to
compress just the amount of fuel needed to achieve required pressure according to ECU mapping.
The main features of the Radialjet pump are outlined below:
- type: Radialjet radial piston pump
- number of pistons: 3
- maximum operating pressure: 1600 bar
- feeding: Diesel fuel at 3.5 ÷ 5.0 bar
- lubrication: by Diesel fuel fed to pump
- cooling: by Diesel fuel fed to pump
Note: The high pressure pump cannot be serviced; do not remove or disturb the retaining screws.
OPERATION
The pump is driven by the crankshaft via a double chain and turns at the same speed as the engine. In
this injection system, valve timing and injection duration are controlled by the electroni c control system
and the pump simply maintains the fuel in the manifold at the required pressure.
The figure below shows the layout of pump hydraulic feeding system.
(a) 4.15 bar < p < 5.35 bar ; (b) 3.5 bar < p < 5.0 bar ; (c) p < 0.8 bar (d) 0.3 bar < p < 0.8 bar
1 – High pressure pump
2 – High pressure delivery pipe
3 – Return pipe from electro-injectors
4 – Electro-injectors
5 – Common Rail
6 – Fuel pressure sensor
7 – Filter with water separator
8 – Electric fuel pump check valve
Fuel regulator
The fuel pressure regulator is installed in the low-pressure circuit of the CP3.2 pump.
The pressure regulator meters the amount of fuel delivered to the high-pressure circuit according to the
commands it receives directly from the engine control unit
The main components of the pressure regulator are listed below:
- connector,
- body,
- solenoid,
- preload spring,
- shutter cylinder.
The pressure regulator is normally open unless it is receiving any input signals; in this condition, the
pump will be delivering its maximum flow rate.
The engine control unit varies fuel delivery in the high-pressure circuit by partially closing or opening the
fuel pipe sections in the low pressure circuit via a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal
When the engine control unit governs the flow regulator (via PWM signal), the solenoid (1) is energised
and displaces the magnetic core (2).
The core causes the shutter cylinder (3) to move in an axial direction and fuel flow is restricted.
When the solenoid (1) is de-energized, the magnetic core is pushed into its rest position by the preload
spring (3).
In this condition, the shutter cylinder (4) is in the position that provides a fully unrestricted fuel flow.
1 – Solenoid
2 – Magnetic core
3 – Preload spring
4 – Shutter cylinder
The inertia switch is located under the dashboard on passenger side. In the event of a collision, it cuts off
the fuel pump ground connection to shut off fuel delivery to the injection system.
It contains a ferromagnetic ball held in place in its tapered seat by a permanent magnet.
When vehicle deceleration exceeds a certain threshold due to a collision, the ball breaks free from its
seat and hits a switch, so that fuel pump relay ground is switched to the body computer.
This cuts off pump supply, releases the door locks and turns on the interior lighting.
The switch features a flexible cover to enable resetting.
NOTE: If you notice a burning smell or any leaks after an impact (including a minor collision), do no reset
the switch until you have located and repaired the trouble, or a fire may result. If there are no leaks and
the vehicle is capable of restarting, press the button to activate the fuel pump.